Neurolinguistic programming in the psychology of communication. Scope of NLP

Hello dear readers of my blog! I am sure that most of you have heard of such an ambiguous and sometimes even frightening psychological technique as Neuro Linguistic Programming. Indeed, the first thing that comes to mind when you get acquainted with NLP is the tambourines of gypsies with bears who rob their victims with the help of hypnosis, or the silhouettes of secret agents of special services. What is NLP, really? And why are we talking about it on the pages of a blog about self-development?

What is NLP, who created it and why

NLP is a direction in psychology and psychotherapy, founded in the sixties of the twentieth century by a group of scientists from the University of California: R. Bandler, J. Grindler, F. Pucelik and Gr. Bateson. This is a kind of symbiosis of the most effective methods of family therapy, Ericksonian conversational hypnosis, transactional analysis and gestalt therapy.

NLP is based on the technology of modeling the verbal and non-verbal behavior of successful people, their interaction with society.

In simpler terms, it is a technology that helps to learn what someone already knows. It can be anything: cross-stitching, Chinese, corporate management, the ability to charm the opposite sex, establish communication with people, and even manage your emotional state.

From F. Pucelik's point of view, NLP is a set of skills that allow you to do everything you do, even better.

That is, NLP techniques can be useful to everyone who is trying to achieve something, to become brighter, stronger, more productive. The task of the master is to trace the features of the behavior model of a person who has achieved something, overcome something.

So, Richard Bandler, to work with patients who suffered from phobias, found several people who independently defeated the disease, summarized their experience and created the “Quick Treatment of Phobias” technique.

And one of John Grinder's successful students modeled mastering the skill of walking on hot coals as a test project. The idea gained popularity, and the enterprising student toured with seminars all over the coast.

Many have the misconception that NLP is a technique for manipulating people to "fuck the world". Indeed, any reliable knowledge about the functioning of the human brain makes it possible to influence behavioral responses.

Where can these techniques be used?

The methods and techniques of this amazing system work amazingly effectively. This is sometimes the danger. Knowledge itself is neutral, but the scope of its use can be both positive and negative. Therefore, like many other discoveries, NLP techniques can, unfortunately, be used by "specialists" with a bad conscience to create various totalitarian structures, sects of controlled people.

However, the reality is that we do not live in society in isolation, but exchanging impulses, influencing each other, sometimes quite harshly.

How can a teacher conduct a lesson without manipulating his students in one way or another? And the head of the enterprise can manage the team without influencing it?

Or maybe you managed to put your naughty little son to sleep without having to carry out complex maneuvers and auctions?

I doubt it. Personally, I am quite calm about manipulations. By studying NLP, I learned to track these attempts. If the manipulator tries to harm me, I do not get annoyed, but ignore or just play with him.

Let's say when your daughter in the supermarket, walking past the shelves with bright toys, suddenly tries to tell how lucky she is with her parents. After all, this is also manipulation and much more subtle than the banal rolling of a tantrum. So manipulation and manipulation are different, and there are benefits from them (the daughter will still get a new doll - I think few people can resist).

The simple use of Neuro Linguistic Programming techniques helps to resolve conflicts or prevent them from occurring, that is, to produce high-quality communication.

In addition, NLP is not, not a collection of knowledge available to the elite, not shamanism, but psychological techniques carefully assembled into a system that really help a modern person in learning, in love and in business.

After all, NLP is a tool like a hammer, knife or drill. You can use them to build a house, or you can injure a person. It all depends on how you apply them.

How NLP can help you become more effective

As mentioned above, NLP focuses primarily on the practical aspect and provides answers to many uncomfortable questions.

How to build a negotiation strategy?
Convincingly and reasonably formulate your idea?

A person who practices these techniques changes both the inner world and the system of external interactions. Relations with other people become more transparent and harmonious, thanks to which it is possible to solve a large number of problems that interfere with life.

So NLP helps:

learn to “read” the interlocutor using non-verbal sources of information;
get rid of someone else's influence, stop or transform its direction;
form and develop the gift of persuasion;
to reach mutual understanding with other people;
establish relationships with loved ones, with subordinates, with a random audience;
learn new skills and improve existing ones;
increase the efficiency of your actions;
get rid of bad and acquire good habits;
transform the worldview and increase self-esteem;
allocate time efficiently;
to form or strengthen the feeling of inner joy of pleasure.

Did you know that the use of Neuro Linguistic Programming practices allows you to boost your charisma on your own? About that, we have already spoken.

Conclusion

NLP provides many tools for self-development. With its help, you can form the necessary attitudes and achieve success in those areas where you think that you are not strong enough.

The great thing is that learning NLP is interesting and fun, as the results are visible almost immediately.

There are also many techniques for using this method, from complex near-scientific to simple, accessible to a simple layman. If you are interested in this model of self-development, then write in the comments. And I will cover this issue in more detail in future articles.

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Learn something new, friends. Bye Bye

What is NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming)? This is a fairly widely interpreted way of influencing people, including behavior modeling, thought programming and mind control. And NLP is a specific branch of psychology. In general, a lot can be said about this, but now it is worth focusing on the most interesting aspects of this topic.

History and background of the method

Before going into detail about what NLP is, it is worth turning to history. The direction itself was developed in the 60-70s by American scientists - linguist John Grinder and psychologist Richard Bandler.

Experts clearly explain the principle of neurolinguistic programming. Scientists say that this method embodies the main idea of Alfred Korzybski, an American researcher and founder of general semantics. It sounds like this: all our models of the world and cognitive maps (images of a familiar spatial environment) are representations distorted due to the peculiarities of neurological functioning, as well as due to the limitations that are associated with it.

Scientists assure that after the information enters the receptors of the five senses, it undergoes linguistic and neurological transformations. Moreover, before a person (more precisely, his brain, consciousness) himself gets access to it. This says only one thing - none of us ever experience objective reality. In any case, it is modified by neurology and language.

The basis of the method

Without studying it directly, it is rather difficult to understand what NLP is. The method itself implies, first of all, the study of the structure of subjective experience. That is, what only one or another specific person experienced.

Neuro-Linguistic Programmers are primarily interested in how people process reality and construct it. Scientists admit that, perhaps, the notorious objective reality (a world that exists independently of a person and his consciousness) exists. But it is not given to anyone to know what it is, except through perception and consistently formed beliefs about it.

All NLP books say that subjective experience has its own structure and organization. That is, for each person, his beliefs, ideas and perceptions are collected according to the relationship between them. They are structured and organized. And this manifests itself both at the micro and at the macro level.

Scientists argue that all behavioral acts and communication (both verbal and non-verbal) reflect how a person internally structures the concepts and beliefs inherent in him. And an experienced observer is able to work with these processes.

There is definitely some truth in this. The subjective nature of human experiences will never allow us to embrace the objective world. Humans do not have access to absolute knowledge of reality. All they have is a set of beliefs about her that is built up over the course of their lives.

Method principles

Having studied them at least briefly, you can roughly understand what NLP is. And one of the principles sounds like this - whatever a person does, he is driven by a positive intention, which is often not even realized. That is, the behavior demonstrated by him at one time or another is the best available or the most correct. Proponents of NLP believe that finding new alternatives can be beneficial, as they help change behavior that other people do not want.

Even in this topic there is such a thing as rapport. It denotes a qualitative connection established between two people. It is characterized by ease of communication, mutual trust, unhindered flow of speech. In the field of psychology and psychiatry, special attention is paid to rapport between doctors and patients. Since their presence affects the outcome of psychotherapy. Therefore, NLP specialists focus on what exactly constitutes rapport, as well as what factors allow it to be achieved and maintained in the future.

The third principle is: “There is no defeat. There is only feedback." In NLP, communication is never seen in terms of failure and success. Only in terms of efficiency. If the results turn out to be ineffective, then this is a reason for researchers not to be disappointed, but to seek feedback. It will determine the success of the actions performed. This principle, by the way, is borrowed from the information theory of the English psychiatrist William Ross Ashby.

Fourth principle: “Having a choice is better than not having a choice.” Here is what is important to learn for beginners - NLP is about recognizing "stagnation" and identifying new options for action in any situation. Proponents of the method say that an individual who is characterized not by strength, but by flexibility in the spectrum of reactions manifested, can more effectively influence something.

Fifth principle: "The meaning of communication is the response received." As mentioned at the beginning, NLP is manipulation of people in a sense. So, the main thing in communication is not the intention behind the message being sent, but the reaction caused by it in the opponent. If you begin to be guided by this principle, you can become more effective in communication. Indeed, by the visual reaction of the opponent, one can trace how this or that information reaches him.

Mind and body interact

This is one of the rules of NLP. And it's hard to argue with its truth. When a person dances to his favorite music, his mood improves. If he takes a sleeping pill, his brain shuts down. When a person is pushed in the back during rush hour in the subway, his central nervous system immediately reacts with irritation to this.

In all cases, what happens to the body affects the mind. The principle also works in the opposite direction. A person is preparing to speak to the masses - his heartbeat quickens. He is complimented - his cheeks turn pink, a smile appears. They report bad news - there is a pressure drop, tears.

What's with NLP? In deciphering the abbreviation, there is the term "programming", which in this context means laying a certain function in the mind. So, in this case, a person must realize the power of his thoughts over the body. Lay it in your mind, program yourself for this principle. And then he will understand how great his possibilities are.

Of course, many are skeptical about this principle. But proponents of NLP believe that people living in accordance with it can give orders to their bodies. Force yourself to lose weight or recover without pills, improve your mood.

Skepticism dispelled the placebo effect. There was an experiment: the researchers gathered sick people and, dividing them into two groups, began to treat. One was given medication. Others - "pacifiers", placebo pills. But they didn't know about it. The doctors wanted to find out whether people were affected by the chemicals or their belief in the treatment they received. According to the results of the experiment, it turned out that the “pacifiers” acted on a par with medicines, and in some cases even turned out to be more effective than them.

Inner resources are limitless

This is the next rule of NLP. Each person has fantastic resources, but practically does not use them to the full extent. Why? Due to natural laziness.

Why read and educate yourself when you can get your smartphone and quickly google what interests you? Why try to master the skill of controlling your body, pressure and temperature, when there are aspirins, antipyretics?

NLP is a field of knowledge and methods in which great attention is paid to the hidden potential. One of the main tasks is to find in the depths of the soul the necessary resources to achieve certain goals, find talents, and quickly master skills and knowledge. In general, everything that can make life easier.

And here is the NLP rule for every day: you need to train yourself to pay special attention to people whose abilities you admire. This is the easiest way to discover and develop your hidden talents. After all, a person notices in others those qualities that are characteristic of himself! He just doesn't realize it sometimes. Supporters of NLP are sure: if a person noted someone's talent or ability, rejoiced for its owner, it means that he has the same inclinations. He just didn't let them manifest before.

But this also applies to disadvantages. Does a person accuse someone of envy, meanness, anger, meanness? But are they not peculiar to him, too? Probably yes. Particularly annoying are those qualities that people subconsciously do not accept in themselves.

Who to be in this world is an individual decision

Probably everyone has heard phrases like: "Everything depends on ourselves" or "You are the master of your life." That's just, as it usually happens, few people think about such words, realize their meaning. And in NLP, one of the key rules sounds exactly like this: "Who a person will be - a winner or a loser - depends only on him."

Everyone is the creator of their universe. Ruler of your own Destiny. The one who can "order" himself wealth or poverty, health or illness, good luck or failure. Sometimes "orders" are made unconsciously.

Some will smile skeptically, others will find hundreds of rebuttals and arguments against this statement, the rest will think. But we must remember that we are talking about NLP - a technique for manipulating people and one's own consciousness. Sometimes, some people begin to arrange their lives so recklessly and even aggressively that the phrase “I can!” becomes their daily motto. And they achieve truly amazing results.

Because these people believe in their own strengths and in themselves, take responsibility for their Destiny upon themselves (realizing that they do not create it, and not karma, bosses, higher powers, government or circumstances), and are also engaged in revealing their inner potential. They do a lot of work on themselves every day. NLP should not be viewed as a pseudo-scientific technique. These are motivations, attitudes, the study of one's consciousness, a constant process of self-improvement. This is where strength is needed.

Technique #1: Anchor Creation

Many people are addicted to NLP and the manipulation of their own consciousness. Mostly because they don't want to be...happy. People come to Neuro-Linguistic Programming with the hope that they will be able to “set themselves up” for a good life. And it's possible.

The vast majority of us have had/have moments when we are absolutely happy. The pinnacle of bliss, so to speak. Life goes like clockwork, everything works out, there are no barriers, desires come true. Too bad it's not always like that. But what prevents you from remembering this state and constantly returning to it mentally?

This is one of the key techniques of NLP. It is necessary to remember your blissful state, called “resource”, to imagine the range of feelings experienced at that moment. When they become as bright as possible, you need to put an "anchor". It can be anything - a snap of the fingers, a slight pull on the earlobe, a gentle squeezing of the shoulder with the palm of your hand. In general, the main thing is that it be a gesture that is available for implementation in any situation.

The exercise must be repeated. Remember your feelings and blissfully time and put the chosen “anchor” at the peak. Here the goal is simple - to form a kind of conditioned reflex. When it can be achieved, then a person with the help of his anchor will experience the whole gamut of those emotions and feelings. And this skill really improves the psychological state in dreary, sad, unfavorable life circumstances.

By the way, the "anchor" can be replaced by an object. The reflex will be additionally developed on the basis of associations. But then you will need to carry it with you constantly.

Tactic #2: Influencing Others

Many people want to master manipulation with the help of Neuro Linguistic Programming. There are many NLP techniques that help influence others. But all of them are based on the specifics of speech, construction of sentences, appeal, attitude towards a person. So, here are just some of the NLP techniques that help influence people:

Method of three consents. It is based on the inertia of the psyche. The principle is this: before voicing an important question to which you need to get a firm “yes” from the interlocutor, you need to ask him three minor, light ones that absolutely imply a positive answer. Having agreed several times, he will continue to do it inertially.
Illusion of choice. A clever NLP manipulation technique. On the one hand, a person offers a choice. On the other hand, it encourages the respondent to do what he needs. For example: “Will you buy the whole set or part of it?”.
Trap words. They tenaciously "catch" the consciousness of almost every person in the network. For example: "Do you feel confident after our classes?". And it doesn't matter that the person didn't notice it. His consciousness had already fallen into a trap, and he began to think, began to look for confirmation of the question.
The affirmation of positive reality, taken for granted. For example: “Well, you are a smart person, you will agree with this.” And the opponent is no longer interested in arguing, since by doing so he will cast doubt on the fact that he is smart.
Questions-teams. Something that few people reread. For example, not "Make the music quieter", but "Does it make it difficult for you to muffle the sound a little?". The first option sounds more honest, but looks like an order. When voicing the second, an illusion is created that the person takes into account the opinion of the opponent, since he asks him in a polite manner, and does not force him. This cannot be denied.
Turnover "than ... so ...". A bunch of what the manipulator himself needs. For example: “The longer you drive this car, the more you realize that you want to own it.”

And these are just some of the NLP techniques that have an impact on a person. But they can all be resisted by a person who understands this topic and knows that manipulators are everywhere. It is enough to ask yourself the question: “Do I really need this?”. Consciousness will immediately react by bringing arguments.

Sphere of advertising

It contains many examples of NLP. Good commercials, slogans, billboards evoke such a reaction from the consumer: I see à I want à I buy. They can be based on values - what represents holiness for the target audience. Images of elderly parents, grandparents, family, lovers, home comforts… it all weighs on the consumer's sensuality.

Submodalities are also one of the foundations of NLP advertising techniques. The emphasis is on kinesthetic, auditory and visual perception. Everyone knows these videos. Well-chosen angles, the effect of moving away and approaching, the dynamic development of the plot, the music that excites the mind ... everything is used so that the consumer feels like a part of advertising. Such a context easily awakens the appetite, calls to action, makes you feel like the owner of the advertised thing in reality.

Another effective technique is truism. What is taken from authoritative sources can be said. Something that won't inspire distrust. For example: “Approved by the worldwide association…”, “Doctors recommend…”, “Made in Germany”, etc.

SMART goal setting

This method is also directly related to NLP. The abbreviation SMART reflects the criteria that a person's goal must meet to achieve. So this is:

S - specific (specifics).
M - measurable (measurability).
A - attainable (reachability).
R - relevant (significance).
T - time-bounded (correlation with specific terms).

A person, writing a goal according to SMART, programs himself in the most direct way. Here is an example of what a thoughtful attitude might look like: “What do I want? Own business, open your own institution. What is needed for this? Earn start-up capital, draw up a plan, perhaps take a loan for development. What are my options for this? Ambition, promising work and early success means that you can set a goal above the limit of possibilities. Why do I need my own business? This is an old dream, and wishes must come true, plus, I will work for myself and have the prospect of developing the sphere in the future. How much time do I have to prepare? 2 years".

This is just one example. In any case, meeting the goal with these criteria will increase the likelihood of its implementation. In simple terms, in order to change something in life, you must have a clear idea of what you want specifically.

By the way, it will not be superfluous to read some books on NLP. In particular, those that were written by the founders of the method. Recommended reading is their work entitled "The Structure of Magic" in two volumes (1975 and 1976). You can also read the book "Changes in the Family", written jointly with the American psychologist Virginia Satir.

Also worthwhile is the NLP Practitioner. Written by Bob Bodenhamer and Michael Hall. This book is of interest to both beginners in the field of NLP, and people with skills in this area who want to improve them.

NLP - Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) - these are techniques, methods of influencing a person in order to change his inner beliefs, attitudes, life values and priorities. The practice of NLP is currently carried out almost everywhere, including the hidden NLP techniques are used not only in psychotherapeutic and psycho-training practice, but also in ordinary, social life and at home.

Combat NLP is a method of manipulating people in order to subjugate them to oneself and covertly control them: their consciousness, thinking, feelings and behavior.

How NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming Techniques) and Combat NLP Appeared

The psychological technique "Neuro-Linguistic Programming" (NLP, or reprogramming, because each person already has some kind of internal program (life script), primarily created through unconscious social and parental programming) was created to change a person's deepest beliefs preventing him from becoming successful and happy in life.

In the last century, the American psychologist and writer Richard Bandler and the linguist (also a writer) John Grinder, co-authored by Frank Pucelik, based on the methods of Gestalt therapy of Friederick Perls and Ericksonian hypnosis (Milton Erickson) created a new direction in psychological assistance - NLP trainings (neurolinguistic programming) .

Combat NLP- this is the use of initially psychotherapeutic techniques to influence and manipulate a person, turning him into a zombie man ... and using it for his own, sometimes illegal purposes, for example, when recruiting to ISIS, various sects, real or virtual illegal communities ...

NLP Psychology: Methods and Techniques of Human Neuro-Linguistic Programming and Combat NLP

In the methods and techniques of neuro-linguistic programming in general, and combat NLP in particular, they use connections between verbal, linguistic forms (forms of speech, including written and internal) and non-verbal ones - body language (facial expressions, gestures, postures, gait ...), direction and movement eyes, as well as representative, sensory systems of a person, all types of memory (from operational to emotional) and images drawn in the mind.

For example, combat NLP can be used in any sphere of life - in business, commerce, ideology, politics, both internal and external, in war, in society and even in everyday life, in family, parent-child relationships.

It is possible to program (reprogram) almost any person, especially people with low education (a diploma is not education yet), not a high level of intelligence ...
Depressed, under stress, with neurotic disorders, weak-willed, overly trusting people ... yes, just overstrained, tired, especially for a person with an immature personality and a weak psyche (teenage children, maximalist youths, infantile, unthinking adults, outcasts and old people ) - reprogramming, turning into a zombified personality is very easy, especially for a professional in the field of combat NLP.

Why influence people, manipulate a person using combat NLP

The "masters of life", people in power since the creation of the world wanted to have unlimited, literal power, full influence on a person. And in order to create obedient "people" in all ages, various physical, including psychological, methods and techniques of influencing and manipulating people have been used.

Probably, many of the readers will notice that the desire for power, the possibility of influencing, influencing a person, demanding obedience from him, manipulating him is inherent in almost all people.
For example, in a family, parents demand the obedience of children, the husband wants to have power over his wife, and vice versa; the teacher manipulates - the students, and they them; the doctor often dominates the patient, demanding the implementation of prescriptions ...

It is even easier to use combat NLP if you influence not one person, but the crowd, for example, for political purposes - the creation of modern color revolutions, rallies, protests ... It works even better when using means of communication, propaganda, the media - television, radio, newspapers ... and of course the internet...

Even in seemingly harmless advertisements on TV, radio, banners, roadside billboards... or in a modern supermarket, one can come across the manipulation of human consciousness with the help of NLP techniques (including combat NLP).
For example, as mentioned above, programming uses speech (including writing), imagery, body language (including direction of gaze, relative to the right or left hemisphere), and repetition to use memory at the subconscious level.

Properly selected slogans, labels on packages and calls to action, as well as correctly laid out goods on the shelves, affect the subconscious of a person, automatically forcing him to make a purchase, often not necessary.

There is even such a profession - a merchandiser - a specialist in laying out goods on shelves, for example, a product that needs to be "sold" can be placed on a showcase with frequent repetition ...

Note that each TV ad has a number of repetitions (usually at least three - at the beginning, middle and end), for example, the name of the product. You can watch the advertisement itself, without even realizing it, several times in a row while, say, watching a movie. Also, any advertising (product presentation) from packaging to billboards on the street has its own images, colors, information placements, etc. to influence the subconscious memory, so that a person unconsciously, without thinking, buys, sometimes unnecessary or unnecessary goods. This is especially true in drug marketing.

Any marketing from network to promotion of goods in a supermarket somehow uses combat NLP techniques, in fact, methods of manipulation and influence on a person.

You can’t call it fraud, because. there is no obvious deceit and breach of trust. Well, what is criminal if a price tag hangs under a half-kilogram piece of cheese, where in large letters - 50 rubles, and in very small ones - for 100 grams ... what a hoax ?! Or in a household appliance store - interest-free installments - substitution of concepts - credit and installments - not a crime, but hiding in small print about payment for the services of managing your account and insurance - this is so, a "trifle" ...

How to Avoid Self-Manipulation and Combat NLP

The best way to avoid manipulating yourself is to change your life script, through transactional analysis and the same method of neurolinguistic programming or psychotraining.

To resist the impact of combat NLP, it is not at all necessary to study how NLP methods and techniques work in general, it is enough to understand, realize yourself, your inner “I” and your weaknesses, the so-called “control buttons”, your weaknesses ...
The most common human weakness often used in NLP techniques of influence is the subconscious desire for freebies (simply freebies).

Also, often in combat NLP they use such weaknesses of a person as his altered state of consciousness, going into a trance (for example, existence not in the present at the moment “here and now”, but in the past or future), personal, life disorder, bad luck and chronic bad luck , lack of motivation for success, lack of attention, recognition, emotional warmth and acceptance, empathy (sympathy) ... complexes, internal fears, neurotic states ... chronic fatigue and neuropsychic overstrain ... - all this can be used by specialists in the field of combat NLP as " buttons to control you, i.e. against you...

Neuro-Linguistic Programming is a popular and hotly debated field of applied psychology. The relevance of this subject is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, NLP methods are at the intersection of several disciplines: psychology, psychotherapy, programming and linguistics. Secondly, NLP is a new research direction, aimed mainly at practical application in human life. In addition, although Neuro Linguistic Programming is often criticized by the academic community, this discipline contains a large number of useful and “working” techniques, which will be discussed in the lessons of this section. In this online training, you will learn for free how to use the key NLP techniques: metamodel, framing, reporting, anchoring, working with states and representational systems, as well as get acquainted with the best practices, games, books, videos on this topic.

What it is?

NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming) is a field of practical psychology that develops applied techniques that model the techniques and practices of famous psychotherapists and communication masters.

In other words, NLP is engaged in the study of the positive experience of specialists in the field of psychotherapy, Gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, linguistics, hypnosis, with the aim of further using this experience. Essentially, NLP is modeling the techniques of successful people in order to make those techniques available to the public.

It should be noted that NLP is not a science, and knowledge, due to the peculiarities of its acquisition, cannot be fully scientifically verified. Moreover, the scientific community is skeptical about this direction, and it is rare to find courses in NLP in universities. But it is important to understand that the creators of NLP did not have the goal of making a full-fledged scientific theory. It was important for them to find publicly available techniques, revealing the complex techniques of well-known practitioners of psychology.

Short story

The joint work on the creation of neurolinguistic programming was started in the late 1960s by a group of specialists at the University of California: Richard Bandler, John Grinder, Frank Pucelik, led by their scientific advisor, the famous anthropologist Gregory Bateson. The NLP system was developed to answer the question of why certain therapists interact so effectively with their clients. Instead of examining the issue in terms of psychotherapeutic theory, Bandler and Grinder turned to analyzing the methods and techniques used by these psychotherapists by observing the progress of their work. The scientists then grouped the studied methods into various categories and presented them as general patterns of interpersonal relationships and the influence of people on each other.

The famous specialists, whose professional experience was decided to be converted into models, were chosen:

Virginia Satir - Family Therapy
Milton Erickson - Ericksonian hypnosis
Fritz Perls - gestalt therapy

The first results of studying the practical skills of these psychotherapists appeared in 1975 and were published in the work “The Structure of Magic. Volume 1" (1975). Then the expanded materials of the study of the model were presented in the books “The Structure of Magic. Volume 2" (1976) and "Changes in the Family" (co-authored with Virginia Satir, 1976). The result of this work was the so-called Meta-model, which you will learn about from the first lesson of our training. This model served as the foundation for further research in this area and led to the creation of a whole area of practical psychology. Today, NLP is an open methodology that has many followers who supplement it with original developments.

Applying the NLP Skill

NLP tries to teach people to observe, understand and influence themselves and others as effectively as experienced psychotherapists and masters of communication do. Therefore, NLP has a wide range of applications, which can include areas such as:

psychotherapy,
time management,
education,
management and management,
sales,
jurisprudence,
writing and journalism.

NLP allows you to develop the communication skills necessary for every person. In addition, NLP helps personal development: the ability to correctly understand one's emotional states, perceive the world around you in a versatile way, and achieve flexibility in behavior. Advanced NLP techniques allow you to treat phobias and psychological trauma, maintain a good mental shape and maintain a high level of performance.

How to learn it

Additional material

Within the framework of one online course, it is impossible to describe all possible models and techniques of neurolinguistic programming. This is also due to the fact that this research area continues to develop, modeling new psychological and linguistic techniques. Many of these techniques are quite specific, so they will not be of interest to all 4brain readers. To make it easier for you to find the information you need, we decided to provide links to additional materials (books, videos, articles) that were not included in our course.

Books

There are many NLP textbooks in stores, but often these books contain little useful information. To help you better navigate the Neuro Linguistic Programming literature, we have compiled a list of the most popular and trusted books. It included:

Foci of language. Robert Dilts
From frogs to princes. John Grinder
NLP Practitioner: Complete Certificate Course. NLP Magic Tutorial. Bodenhamer B., Hall M.
The art of persuasion. Richard Bandler
77 best NLP techniques. Michael Hall
And some others.

Video

Due to the fact that many NLP techniques are specific speech techniques and behaviors, it is difficult to learn all this just by reading a textual description. An important component of training is illustrative examples of people who have already mastered the necessary technique, as well as master classes and lectures by leading experts. We also tried to include videos with such examples and speeches in our training and additional materials.

NLP (Neuro Linguistic Programming) – a popular direction of practical psychology and psychotherapy, which has spread widely in various spheres of life. A person who knows NLP influences the subconsciousness of his listeners or his own subconsciousness with the help of specially selected phrases - linguistic constructions. NLP has become one of the most popular psychological practices through which a person can change his psyche and influence other people in order to model their behavior.

The influence of NLP on the subconscious occurs through mild Ericksonian hypnosis. It is very different from the classical technique, which completely turns off consciousness. A person who knows NLP can put his interlocutor into a light trance by adjusting the frequency of breathing, eye contact, metaphors and figurative phrases that correspond to the mental characteristics of a person. The state of trance helps to shift attention to the inner "I", facilitates the flow of information into the subconscious. The consciousness of the interlocutor is not switched off. But the speaker gets the opportunity to bypass his "filters", which allows you to inspire sympathy and inspire confidence.

Scope of NLP

In recent decades, NLP has been widely used in psychotherapy and everyday life.

NLP in psychotherapy and psychological counseling. NLP elements are used to treat: psychological trauma, phobias, depression, psychosomatic disorders, elimination of bad habits. It is used in family counseling and sports psychology. In psychological training to increase stress resistance and other personal qualities.
NLP in everyday life is widely used by training companies and coaches when conducting trainings and seminars on personal growth, improving the efficiency of personnel in commercial companies, specialists working in the field of sales and advertising. Pickup or the modern art of seduction was also based on the principles of NLP.

Basic concept in NLP is "subjective experience" - knowledge of the world through the organs of perception. It has three interrelated components: perceptions, ideas, and beliefs. Experience determines a person's feelings, his way of thinking - hence, his behavior. Based on personal experience, everyone builds his own picture of the world, his own reality. By observing behavior one can understand subjective experience and gain the key to changing behavior. Therefore, in NLP, the approach to each person should be purely individual. The use of standard schemes and template approaches causes rejection and hostility towards the user of the methodology.

History of NLP

The technique was developed in the 60-70s at the University of California. Three specialists were involved in its creation: psychologist Richard Bandler, linguist John Grinder, and cyberneticist and anthropologist Gregory Bateson. They analyzed the work of three well-known and very successful psychotherapists working in different directions: F. Perls, V. Satir and M. Erickson (the founder of Ericksonian hypnosis). After studying their methods of working with the conscious and unconscious, the researchers compiled algorithms that later became the basis of NLP.

How NLP was created

The authors of NLP, and later their followers, found successful psychotherapists and people who successfully coped with psychological problems, and adopted their secrets. They analyzed the information received, decomposed it into components, and then created a step-by-step instruction for solving this problem.

How Neuro Linguistic Programming Works

NLP gives practical advice and clear instructions, using which you can understand the motives of a person’s actions and convey your point of view to him, make him your supporter, arouse sympathy and change his command, get rid of psychological problems.

The effectiveness of NLP depends from a number of factors:

Uncritical perception of the basics of NLP. Doubting people who are critical of presuppositions and demand scientific evidence for controversial statements will not be able to effectively influence the interlocutor. To convince your opponent you need to believe in what you do and say.
Individual approach to each person. There are no ideal NLP techniques that are suitable for all people and work in all situations. In each case, it is required to analyze, be flexible and choose what is more suitable.
Proper selection of NLP techniques and their competent combination. Even working with one person, several techniques are required. Some of them may turn out to be ineffective, others cease to operate over time, therefore, it is required to master many techniques perfectly.
Exact compliance with all the details of the methodology. All the nuances of technology are very important. For example, if it is indicated that during psychotherapy with the help of NLP the patient must be in a trance state, then this rule cannot be neglected. Otherwise, suggestion will not work.
Mastery and communication skills. NLP can be quickly mastered by people who know the basics of psychology, are used to communicating and do it at ease - psychologists, psychotherapists, teachers, coaches. Those who do not have these skills will have to practice a lot.

NLP Basic Principles - Presuppositions

Basic principles of NLP(they are also called presuppositions) are statements and postulates that are the theoretical basis of the methodology. People who practice NLP accept presuppositions as axioms that do not require proof. These statements are meant to change the person's perspective on the situation in order to make problem solving easier.

The map is not the territory. Just as a map of the area is not the territory it describes, so our vision of reality does not coincide with the “objective reality” that actually exists. Our vision depends on past experience, upbringing, mood, attitudes and principles. Therefore, the same situation is perceived by different people in their own way. NLP teaches us to understand that the real world is wider than the map that our experience has drawn. Each person has his own vision, and this must be taken into account. Nobody's card is authentic and correct, but rather one that gives more opportunities to solve problems. Alien pictures of the world can help to see the problem from a new perspective and find an unexpected solution. Understanding how a person sees reality helps to build an effective model of communication with him.
The body and "mind" are a single system. Well-being depends on the thoughts of a person, and at the same time, well-being significantly affects the train of thought. Changes in consciousness and emotions affect bodily sensations, as they can remove or increase muscle tone, improve or worsen blood circulation and innervation. For example, remembering the rest, a person experiences peace. Without noticing it, it relaxes the muscles, which helps to relieve muscle spasms, improve blood circulation and relieve pain.
At the heart of any behavior is a positive intention, which is associated with the initial environment. A person always “wants the best”, that is, he is driven by a positive intention. But the actions that he takes to achieve the goal are not always approved by society. For example, to provide for a family, one will steal, and the other will work. The choice of action (behavior) depends on the situation in which the decision was made, upbringing, character, moral standards. It happens that reality changes, and the model of behavior that used to be acceptable no longer works. In this case, it is necessary to understand what intention became the basis of this behavior, and then change the behavior to a positive one. For example, enuresis is based on the subconscious intention of the child to attract the attention of his parents. Therefore, in order to get rid of unwanted behavior, you need to help the child achieve the goal in a different way, offering a healthy alternative - to communicate kindly with him, to spend more time together.
All life experience is stored in the nervous system. Everything that once happened to a person is recorded in his nervous system and remains in memory, although sometimes access to these memories can be difficult. In NLP, the past is not always seen as the root of problems. The experience of the past is a source of resources that help to find a solution in difficult situations. Also, examples of successful behavior can be found in the experiences of other people and fictional characters.
Subjective experience is divided into sights, sounds, smells, sensations and tastes. In NLP, five channels of information perception are distinguished - visual, auditory, gustatory, olfactory and kinesthetic (body receptors and facial expressions). One of the sense organs is the leading one, through which a person receives basic information. Based on the information, he builds his judgments and intentions that influence behavior. Knowing the modality of a person, that is, what kind of analyzer he has, who owns NLP can more effectively convey the necessary information to him. Thus, it influences the behavior of the interlocutor. For example: in order to reach the subconscious of a person whose kinesthetic channel is leading and convince him to go with you, you can construct a phrase like this: “Feel how hot sand burns your skin, how sea water refreshes.”
There are no defeats, but there is only feedback. What people used to consider defeat or failure is actually new experience and useful information that makes a person more perfect and brings them closer to success. For example, after an interview, a person was not hired. The situation can be viewed as a useful experience. After analyzing the mistakes, we can draw conclusions: how to behave next time, what skills and abilities are required for the interview to be successful.
The meaning of communication is in the reaction it evokes. When a person speaks, he has a certain intention: to convey or receive information, an emotional reaction, to induce the interlocutor to action. It also happens that words cause a reaction opposite to the one expected by the speaker. In response to a neutral phrase or praise, the interlocutor may be offended. This means that the action (statement) did not correspond to your intention. NLP offers a way out that will help you get the desired reaction from your opponent - change the action, choose a different tone, phrases, situation. That is, if the reaction of a person shows that your arguments do not convince him, then you should change tactics. For example, do not tell, but ask questions.
Behavior - choosing the best option from what is currently available. A person in any situation chooses the best and most effective of what is available. Usually this choice is fixed, and it behaves in a similar way in similar situations, even if the technique has lost its effectiveness. For example, a person may constantly yell back at constructive criticism if it worked once. The greater its capabilities (mental, financial, physical), the richer the choice of behavior strategies. The NLP methodology is aimed at developing behavioral flexibility and new non-standard behaviors in various situations. This increases the ability to adapt to constantly changing conditions, and thereby become more successful. As part of psychotherapy, this presupposition helps to learn not to regret what we did in the past - after all, it was the best decision in that situation, and we were guided by exclusively positive intentions.
Everyone has all the resources he needs. Resources in NLP refers to knowledge, skills, beliefs, abilities, time, finances, things and people. This is all that allows you to expand the choice of solutions to the problem. For example, the task is to make repairs. If you have enough resources, then you can choose one of three options: 1) you can do it yourself, spending time and effort; 2) you can attract friends; 3) you can pay hired workers. If there are not enough resources (no time, no money), then the number of options decreases. The more resources, the wider the choice and the easier it is to deal with the problem. The presupposition states that everyone has the necessary resources. At first glance, it is difficult to agree with this statement. But supporters of NLP argue that it is enough for a person to start acting as if he has the resources, and they really will appear.
The universe favors us and abounds in resources. The environment is filled with resources. In the process of evolution, mankind has learned to use them, which put man on top of the pyramid. If people only avoided the dangers and did not try to achieve more, this would not happen. This presupposition tells us to believe in the good intentions of others and to boldly use all available resources. In this case, the universe will become even more friendly and generous.

These presuppositions are quite general, they are difficult to prove with the help of scientific experiments. Therefore, NLP proponents suggest simply taking them on faith, or acting as if you are sure of the correctness of these theses. After a change in behavior, both the sense of the world and the train of thought begin to change. Thus, NLP proposes to perform conscious actions in order to get subconscious results by influencing the deep structures of the psyche.

Based on presuppositions, a large number of NLP models, techniques and techniques have been created. Each author and trainer adds something of their own. This article will discuss the most popular techniques.

Application of NLP

Learning how to apply NLP in practice is carried out at seminars and trainings, but you can learn this on your own, with enough time and perseverance. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the models, techniques and techniques of NLP, take online trainings and apply the knowledge gained in practice.

NLP Models

NLP models are different ways of perceiving situations. Models are ways of thinking that can be used to find original and actionable approaches to people.

NLP Model: FOCUSES OF LANGUAGE

The Tricks of the Language model allows you to change the opponent's beliefs and work with his objections. Thus, it gives advantages in the dispute, applying NLP in daily life. Knowing her techniques makes it possible to improve your public activities, which is important for those working in the field of education, sales, and politics. And for psychologists and psychotherapists, these techniques allow you to change the client's position on this issue, change his worldview to a more positive and healthy one.

In fact, “Language Tricks” is a set of speech models that help to quickly convince the interlocutor. With their help, you can make the opponent doubt the correctness of his judgments by shifting the focus of attention to new aspects of the problem being discussed.

There are fourteen tricks of the tongue. They are used depending on the situation and the type of nervous system of the interlocutor.

The focus of language is intention

The essence of the method is to intuitively determine the goal that drives a person, which is hidden behind his statement. The person is then asked to perform an action for that purpose.

– I appreciate your rationality and responsibility, which is why I think that you will cope with this task better than others.

The focus of the language is redefinition

The essence of the method is the replacement of one of the words in the interlocutor's statement with a close meaning, but having a different context.