The life of the famous Russian poet was not as simple as it seems at first glance. Not many readers know that Tyutchev spent almost twenty years of his life away from his homeland. He worked in Germany, where he was formed as a great poet of our time. Despite the fact that most of his poems are dedicated to the homeland, the author created them far from Russia. He skillfully conveyed the picturesque colors of Russian nature, especially focused on the change of seasons, comparing each season with the cycle of human life.
The lyrics of Fyodor Tyutchev do not leave any reader indifferent. Many poetic works are devoted to the theme of love, about which the famous Russian poet knew a lot. He knew how to love without a trace, dissolving in feelings to the very depths.
Despite the romantic nature, the poet did not perceive the word "treason", he simply did not consider it regrettable to love several women at the same time. An interesting fact about Tyutchev's personal life is that he lived in two families, and he gave all his tender feelings and frankness to each lover.
The most unpredictable events took place in his life, each meeting left certain thoughts in the poet's memory, which he skillfully conveyed in his brilliant work. The verse known to many readers “I met you, and all the past ...” was written after meeting with a woman who later became his lover.
Tyutchev's first love
In 1822, Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev entered the service of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. By this time, the young poet had already graduated from Moscow University. For work, he was sent to Munich as a Russian official-diplomat to carry out a state mission. It was here that young Tyutchev met his first love. His chosen one was the illegitimate daughter of the Prussian king - Amalia von Lerchenfeld. A young and rather beautiful girl was captivated by the worthy feelings of the nineteen-year-old Fedor, so she immediately gave herself up to meet crazy love. The poet proposed to her, but Amalia's relatives were categorically against this relationship, so Tyutchev was awaited by a regrettable refusal. According to the parents of the beauty, Fedor was not rich enough.
Soon, the young diplomat had to leave the country for a while, and at that time Amalia's wedding took place with Baron Krunder, who was a colleague of Fyodor Ivanovich. Returning to Munich, he learned about this event. This news upset Tyutchev very much, but even his frank intention to assign a duel to his opponent could not change the situation. Beloved Amalia remained Baroness Krunder, the wife of another person ...
Throughout his life, the poet and his first lover maintained friendly relations. He dedicated several poems to this woman. The most touching lyrical work is "I remember the golden time."
Tyutchev's first wife
The failed relationship with Amalia von Lerchenfeld made the young diplomat suffer, but not for long. Soon, Tyutchev met Countess Eleanor Peterson, who became the first wife of Fyodor Ivanovich. She fell in love with the young poet passionately and madly, conveying to her lover all her most frank and pure intentions. Eleanor surrounded her husband with incredible care and sincere warmth. The poet felt good with her, she became a reliable support and a great life partner. The young wife solved all domestic and even financial problems on her own. The Tyutchevs' house was always warm and comfortable, even when serious financial difficulties appeared in the family budget. Eleanor was a devoted wife and hospitable hostess. The poet was happy, however, this marriage was soon destroyed by an unforeseen circumstance.
Eleanor, along with the children, was returning from a trip to her husband. During this journey on the water, a shipwreck happened. She managed to escape, but due to severe hypothermia, the health of Tyutchev's wife deteriorated significantly, which soon led to the death of a woman. Eleanor Peterson at that time was barely 37 years old ...
The loss of his beloved wife seriously affected the state of the poet. Tyutchev very painfully survived this terrible event. Later, he will write several touching poems dedicated to this beautiful woman.
Mistress and new wife of Tyutchev
Despite sincere love for his wife Eleanor, even during her lifetime, Tyutchev was carried away by another woman who became the secret mistress of the poet. She was Ernestine Dernberg, a young woman in whom Fyodor Ivanovich saw a kindred soul. He dedicated to her a beautiful poem "I love your eyes, my friend ..". As the great Russian poet did not try to hide his novel, Eleanor found out about her husband's betrayal and even tried to commit suicide. Fortunately, this terrible event did not happen, although it did not save the life of the legal wife, who was experiencing an unpleasant betrayal of a loved one.
An attempt by his wife to take her own life changed Tyutchev's plans for the future. He decisively broke off relations with Ernestine in order to save his marriage to Eleanor. But two years after the death of his beloved wife, Fyodor Tyutchev nevertheless made an offer to his former mistress, who, without hesitation, agreed to marry the poet.
Their life was ordinary - children, home, work. For this period, Tyutchev became somewhat absent-minded, he began to devote little time to service and family. And in 1850, Tyutchev's new wife noticed characteristic changes in her husband's condition. A few more months passed, Fedor Ivanovich rented a separate apartment and moved out from Ernestina ...
And only after a while, the second wife of Tyutchev found out the real reason for these changes and the sudden departure of her husband. She became the new lover of the poet - Elena Denisyeva, a pupil of the Smolny Institute for Noble Maidens.
The first meeting between Fyodor Ivanovich and Elena Denisyeva took place in July 1850. At this point, the talented poet was already 47 years old, and the young chosen one was only 24 years old. They met by chance, the girl was friends with Tyutchev's older daughters. The acquaintance of future lovers took place in the poet's house, when a graduate of the Institute of Noble Maidens came to visit her friends. Elena liked the already mature author from the first minute, this meeting radically changed the life of both Tyutchev himself and Denisyeva.
For the sake of mutual love with an already famous poet, the girl had to give up her position in society. She sacrificed everything she had, but did not reject the love of Fedor Ivanovich, even when all Elena's relatives and friends spoke out categorically against these "not reasonable", but truly passionate love relationships.
Their romance developed during the period of still legal relations between Tyutchev and his wife Ernestina. Society condemned the poet's mistress and did not want to see her in the circles of noble people. The girl suffered greatly, Fedor Ivanovich himself was sad, but it was already impossible to change fate ...
Their relationship lasted 14 years, during this period Elena Denisyeva gave birth to Tyutchev three illegitimate children. The love triangle existed until the death of the chosen one of the great poet. Ernestina was aware of these relationships, she even allowed her rival to write down the children in her husband's surname.
In the novel by Tyutchev and Denisyeva there were many tears and suffering. The couple often quarreled, tried to break off relations, but the feelings between the lovers were much stronger: he could not abandon Elena, and she, despite all the difficulties that arise in her life because of a strange man, could not break off relations with Tyutchev.
The poet remarkably expressed passionate and mutual love in his work. He dedicated many poems to this woman. The brightest lyrical works written in honor of the young chosen one were published in the famous poetry collection "Denisiev Cycle".
Analysis of the poem "Last Love"
The poem "Last Love" was written in early 1850. During this period, the fateful acquaintance of the poet with the young Elena Denisyeva happened. At that time, the already mature Tyutchev could not even imagine what strong feelings he would have to experience in the arms of a new lover.Fedor Ivanovich was immensely happy, these relationships inspired his soul, gave hope for a brighter future with his beloved woman. Of course, in the future, the fate of this couple will turn out to be completely bleak ... But, all the saddest things will happen later, but for now, the poet in love dedicates his excellent lyrical works to new relationships. You can feel what Tyutchev felt during this period of his life by reading the poem "Last Love".
Oh, how in our declining years
We love more tenderly and more superstitiously ...
Shine, shine, parting light
Last love, evening dawn!
Half the sky was engulfed by a shadow,
Only there, in the west, radiance wanders, -
Slow down, slow down, evening day,
Last, last, charm.
Let the blood run thin in the veins,
But tenderness does not fail in the heart ...
Oh, last love!
You are both bliss and hopelessness.
Fedor Ivanovich was rapidly trying to understand his own feelings and sensations, and he purposefully conveyed these emotions in this lyrical work. Only in adulthood did he understand a very important truth - in his declining years, love acquires more frank and tender feelings that give strength and desire to live, create, love ...
Tyutchev even managed to discover new qualities of character in himself, which, despite such a great life experience, were invisible all this time. The author compares his last, and greatest love for dear Elena, with the evening dawn. It illuminates the path of life with its faded radiance, giving a new meaning to life's existence.
Tyutchev's last love radically changed the outlook and meaning of the life of the great poet. He began to see only beauty in the world around him. All these changes surprised the author himself. The poet was happy, but at the same time he often thought about the transience of time. Tyutchev understood the hopelessness of the situation, tried to solve all the difficulties that arose on their way, but time was inexorable.
Their love affair lasted until the death of Elena Denisyeva. Her tragic departure left an unhealed wound in the soul of the oppressed poet. Until his last days, he remembered this beautiful woman who gave him boundless happiness and crazy love. Despite all the vicissitudes of fate, Tyutchev thanked fate for such an invaluable gift, because he was really lucky to become the main character of a magnificent and passionate romance with a young beauty - Elena Denisyeva.
When Tyutchev was an adult man and a famous author of many works, he fell in love with a girl who was a pupil of a boarding house for noble maidens. The poet did not think that he was able to love someone for so long. Elena reciprocated the poet, and their romance lasted very rapidly. In high society, a large number of various gossip and disputes arose, but Tyutchev was happy and his work “Last Love” tells us about this.
This, in the personal opinion of the composer, is the real “heroine of the cycle”. With two exceptions, all pieces are classical Russian elegiac lyrics. The elegy runs like a thread through the whole cycle. Among the eleven "degrees" there are various forms of elegy: love, pastoral and philosophical elegy. They are found in different steppes of the "House of Song" from the dilettante's "Stranger's Poem" to the cream of Russian poetry, such as the aforementioned Pushkin's poem. From one poem to the next, we are filled with typical elegiac themes: soul, tenderness, love, oblivion, selflessness, madness, farewell, suffering, destruction, damnation, darkness, twilight, night, sleep, dreams, illusion, tranquility. They don't draw clichés, but constitute parts of a homogeneous whole.
Tyutchev tries to sort out his own feelings and emotions, and then notes that "in our declining years, we love more tenderly and more superstitiously." The man was married twice, but never experienced those emotions and feelings that were born in his heart in a relationship with Elena. He compares it to the dawn that illuminated his path. In this love, a man sees the meaning of his own life, and thanks to him, inspiration woke up in him, which, it would seem, had already left the poet.
According to Silvestrov, "it acts like a funnel, including many motifs scattered throughout the cycle." The poetic unity is enhanced by the musical bows and rhymes characteristic of Silvestrov. Already linked "night landscapes" "My soul" and "Into a dream" are decorated with wonderful figures. Tsyutsev. Once again, poetry "sings itself." The text and music are dominated by a uniform elegiac tone that does not distinguish between "higher" and "lower" verses.
The vocal part dives and emerges in a vibrating and transparent labyrinth of sustained piano sounds. The intensity of the inner life of the labyrinth is gradually revealed. Individual voices trill with subtle rhythmic inconsistencies. The tonal movement is completely unpredictable. The gradation of calm abundance both in tone and in agony color seems to be inexhaustible. Quite often, the pianist does not want and cannot immediately calm down, although the recitation of a real poem has long been completed. He meditates through the reverb, the lead that follows each poem.
The important thing is that after meeting with the girl, the poet again notices how beautiful nature is and turns to landscape lyrics. Outside the window - what is most suitable for his feelings and thoughts at the moment. He does not want the day to end, and at the same time he does not want his own life to end just as inexorably. But the warmth that last love gives the author warms his soul and fills him with a huge number of different feelings.
It is no coincidence that Silvestrov distilled an almost unique and highly personal type of instrumental music from these song reverbs; he created Bedtime for violin, cello and piano, Polus for piano and orchestra, and even a full-fledged Reverence, just like the title of the Silvestrov Symphony #. Tsyutsev inspired Silvestrov to an endless farewell to the ideal world embodied in poetry, a world that is forever lost. The ultimate goal of the cycle is to remind us of the eternal importance of this ideal world.
Two vocal works for piano, which bear a strong stylistic resemblance to the songs, represent the master himself. This is a prelude intended for those people who want to open their hearts and minds to the music of Valentin Silvestrov. Dedication 51 Alexander Blok, dedicated to Larisa Bondarenko Elegy 07 Anonymous, dedicated to Svyatoslav Krulikov My soul 35 Fyodor Sologub, dedicated to Oleg Kiv Blue-gray shadows have moved 08 Fyodor Tyutchev, dedicated to Boris Buevsky What are you days? 06 Evgeny Baratinsky, dedicated to Ina Barsova Elegy 14 Alexander Pushkin, dedicated to Edison Denisov Oh, my prophetic soul 03 Fedor Tyutchev, dedicated to J.
Analysis of the poem "Last Love" by Tyutchev F.I.
The talented romantic poet Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich, already in adulthood, falls in love with the young Elena Denisieva, she was a pupil of the boarding house for noble maidens. Moreover, this feeling is mutual and a stormy romance develops in them. They become the focus of much gossip. The author himself could not believe his luck. As proof of this, he writes the poem "Last Love" in 1850.
Belyaeva Special thanks to: Rosamund Bartlett, Jim Mooney. The formation of early literary traditions in Russia goes back to the first century. The adoption of Christianity raised the development of teaching, philosophy and theological literature. The inclusion of ecclesiastical literature and historical chronicles was written or translated from Greek into the Old Slavonic Church.
Old Russian literature consists of several masterpieces written in Old Russian. Other chronicles of Russian literature include "Zadonshchina", "Physiologist", "Synopsis" and "Zadonshchina", "Zadonshchina". "Journey across three seas". Bylinas - popular oral epics - Christian traditions and fluent pagan.
In the poem, the author says that the feeling of love in adulthood is much more tender and superstitious. He knows this from personal experience. Fedor Tyutchev has already been married twice, raised children. He discovers new traits of character that he did not even know about. He describes his love as an evening dawn. She illuminates his life path with a special radiance. This feeling gives him strength for inspiration. It was after meeting Elena Tyutchev that he again began to create not only romantic lyrics, but also landscape ones. His surroundings become beautiful again.
Medieval Russian literature was predominantly religious in nature. The most famous works of this period include: "Messages from Ivan the Terrible" and the autobiography of the hierarchical priest Avvakum. He established the rules of moral behavior and gave orders to manage the household.
This period was characterized by the reform of the Russian alphabet and the hiring of a popular language for general literary purposes, as well as the influence of Western European values. Modern Russian literature emerged as writers increasingly developed their own unconventional style.
The poem has a special sound. At first it may seem that the work was written in amphibrach, but the last word breaks the harmonious sound. This is considered a break in the rhythm, which the author uses to create a confidential intonation. This technique gives the poem a confessional character of a love confession.
The recognized masters of this period were such authors as Antioch Kantemir, Vasily Trediakovsky and the poet Gavrila Derzhavin from Mikhail Lomonosov, playwrights Alexander Sumarokov and Denis Fonvizin, prose writers Alexander Radishchev and Nikolai Karamzin; the latter is often credited with creating the modern Russian literary language.
This period provided such geniuses as Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Nikolai Gogol, Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy and Anton Chekhov. The century began with the rise of romance, which was the most lively poetry. He was followed by a series of romantic poems imbued with impressions of his stay in the south of Russia, and, finally, Pushkin created his genius "Eugene Onegin". This magnificent work is a unique "novel in verse" and presents a story about contemporary Russian life. The images of the main characters, Eugene and Tatyana, and the story of their ruined love had a great influence on all of the latest Russian literature.
This poem is considered by many to be unique in love poetry, since it does not refer to a passionate youthful confession or bitter regret about past love, but is an explanation of a wise and mature man. He knows the value of life and love and appreciates every moment, believes in signs and signs. All this because he is afraid of losing that feeling that he no longer dreamed of feeling, something precious and important. With his poem, the author gives hope to everyone for a mutual and pure feeling, regardless of the opinions of other people and differences in age.
In it, he presents the life of the Russian upper bourgeoisie of his time and introduces Onegin as an extra "man". One of them, A Hero of Our Time, was the first Russian psychological novel. in second place, Mikhail Lermontov. He also wrote "The Demon" and "The Rookie".
Pushkin created several great poetic works, including the inimitable poem "The Bronze Horseman", a whole series of prose writings and several hundred wonderful poems for classical subtle simplicity of form and deep lyrical sensation. A whole new generation of poets followed the Pushkin path, including Mikhail Lermontov, Yevgeny Baratynsky, Konstantin Batyushkov, Nikolai Nekrasov, Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Fyodor Tyutchev, and Afanasy Fet.
Fedor Ivanovich belongs to the category of poets who have not written so many works during their creative career. But all his works deserve respect, penetrate into the soul of the reader and find a response there.
Tyutchev belongs to an impoverished noble family, although he wrote poetry and even published in magazines from a young age, he worked as an official all his life. It is amazing that a person who has lived abroad for more than two decades has managed to feel the soul of the Russian people so subtly, to depict nature beautifully and vividly. The philosophy inherent in Fedor Ivanovich fascinates and makes you think about your own life.
Especially noteworthy is the author of the fable, the poet Ivan Andreevich Krylov, whose witty fables were widely popular as lessons in wisdom and examples of language skills. The name of Fyodor Tyutchev should be mentioned as a "modern" poet before his time, a premonition of the Russian school of symbolism.
Address in letters gradually gave way to prose writers, with a more realistic approach to life. Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is a bewildering and often incomprehensible figure between the romantic and realistic periods of Russian literature. His prose progressed from the romantic tales and folklore of his native Ukraine to the questing, aggressive, sarcastic realism of Dead Souls.
Background to writing "Last Love"
Russian classics devoted a huge number of their works to the theme of love, and Tyutchev did not stand aside. An analysis of the poem shows that the poet conveyed this bright feeling very accurately and emotionally. Fedor Ivanovich managed to write such a beautiful and touching work, because it is autobiographical. "Last Love" is dedicated to his relationship with 24-year-old Elena Denisyeva.
It continued until the two pillars of Russian drama: Alexander Griboedov and Alexander Ostrovsky walked in the spotlight. But until the end of the century, several eternal games were written by Anton Chekhov, for example, The Seagull. The golden age of Russian prose reached its apogee in the works of two of the greatest representatives of Russian science fiction. They were Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Leo Tolstoy. The novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky deal with political and social issues, as well as philosophical and moral issues of Russian society. His Crime and Punishment is considered one of the best novels of all time.
The poem is included in the "Denisiev cycle". Tyutchev fell in love with a young girl at the age of 57, when he was already burdened with a family. The lovers could not openly declare their feelings, this is also shown by the analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love". The poet deceived his family, and the girl was tired of the role of a mistress. Soon Elena fell ill with transient consumption and died. Fedor Ivanovich until his death blamed himself for the death of the girl.
Leo Tolstoy, like his contemporary Dostoevsky, was not only a brilliant novelist, but also a political thinker and philosopher. His novel War and Peace is a family and a historical novel in one and is considered one of the greatest literary works in world literature.
Tolstoy's stories are among the largest in the world. Another famous novel is Ana Karenina, an extensive work of psychological analysis and social observation. There were other important figures during this period as well. Among them were the poet Nikolai Nekrasov, Nikolai Leskov, novelist and short-length writer.
Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love"
The work is unique in that it was not written by a young man in a fit of passion, but by a man wise by life experience. "Last Love" is not a regret about the days long gone, but the ability to appreciate every minute spent next to your loved one. The hero seems too superstitious, because he is afraid of losing precious moments, because they will not be repeated in his life. In his works, Fedor Ivanovich makes a person majestic and weak at the same time. This duality can also be seen in this work.
After the great age of prose, there was a revival of poetry. It's called the Silver Age. The cultures of Western Europe inspired a new breed of Russian poets, while Russian culture gained popularity in Europe. Valeria Bryusov and Dmitry Merezhkovsky are the most outstanding exponents in the prose of symbolism.
Some of the greatest poets of the twentieth century who opposed the Bolshevik Revolution and Soviet rule were Ana Akhmatova, Maria Tsvetaeva and Osip Mandelstam. The last of them was arrested in the 1930s and died in a labor camp. He was also the founder of socialist realism.
An analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love" shows that the hero associates his feelings with the evening dawn, which, with its farewell radiance, illuminates his life path. He understands that most of his life has been lived, but at the same time he does not feel regret or fear, he only prays that the evening fades away as slowly as possible, prolonging its charm. Tyutchev's love is kind, gentle and caring, the poem itself is full of hidden sadness and hopelessness.
After the revolution, many writers left Russia for Europe and the West. Another Russian writer in exile who achieved a significant degree of recognition before the revolution and continued his work abroad was the Ivan Bunin Nobel Prize winner. In his novels and dominant stories, Bunin continued the literary tradition of Turgenev, Goncharov, Leo Tolstoy and Chekhov.
In the first years of Soviet power, the works of Nikolai Zabolotsky, Alexander Vvedensky, Konstantin Vaginov and the most famous Russian absurdist Daniil Kharms were noted. Other notable authors of this period were the novelists Andrei Platonov, Yuri Olesha, and the writers Isaac Babel and Mikhail Zoshchenko of the story.
Analysis of the poem by Fyodor Tyutchev "Last Love"
In the 1930s, socialist realism became the official style, and its guidelines were even more strictly enforced after the end of the second war. However, he added such red names to Russian literature as Mikhail Sholokhov, Nobel Prize winner, and Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy; and the poets Konstantin Simonov and Alexander Tvardovsky are read in Russia to this day. Other Soviet celebrities such as Alexander Serafimovich, Nikolai Ostrovsky, Alexander Fadeev, Fedor Gladkov have never been published by current editors since.
However, decades after Stalin's death, there were several thaws. Restrictions on literature were eased. Boris Pasternak finally published his legendary novel Doctor Zhivago, albeit outside the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, but was forced to relinquish Sowit's copyright.
Khrushchev's thaw brought a fresh wind to literature. Poetry became a complete cultural phenomenon, with Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Andrey Voznesensky, Robert Rozhdestvensky, and Bella Akhmadulina reciting their poetry in stadiums and drawing huge crowds. Some writers dared to speak out against Soviet ideology, such as Alexander Solzhenitsyn, a short film writer and a Nobel Prize winner who wrote about life in the fields of the Gulag, or Vasily Grossman, who wrote about the events of World War II, which contradict official Soviet historiography.
The poem "Last Love" is considered the pinnacle of the poet's love lyrics. In every line of this work, we hear the anguish and sadness of an already middle-aged man who cannot refuse the happiness that so unexpectedly rushed over him, and in the very recognition we hear not youthful passion, but notes of bitter regret about the past life, about the love that came to him. Unfortunately, it's too late for him. But at the same time, these are the words of a person who is wise with life experience and knows the price of love.
In his poem, the author compares last love with the evening dawn and claims that just as the evening dawn illuminates the past day with its last radiance, so the last love illuminates human life, which is already approaching its eternal refuge. But the main character of the work is not afraid of anything and does not regret anything. He only asks for one thing
Text "Last Love" F. Tyutchev
Oh, how in our declining years
We love more tenderly and more superstitiously ...
Shine, shine, parting light
Half the sky was engulfed by a shadow,
Only there, in the west, radiance wanders, -
Let the blood run thin in the veins,
But tenderness does not fail in the heart ...
Oh, last love!
You are both bliss and hopelessness.
Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love" No. 5
Being already a mature man, an accomplished diplomat and a famous poet, Fyodor Tyutchev fell in love with a young pupil of a boarding house for noble maidens Elena Denisyeva. The author did not even suspect that in his declining years he was able to experience such strong feelings. Moreover, he was amazed that his love is mutual. The romance of Tyutchev and Denisyeva developed rapidly, becoming the subject of numerous disputes and gossip in high society. However, the poet could not fully believe his own happiness, as evidenced by the poem "Last Love", written in the first half of the 1850s.
Trying to sort out his feelings, Tyutchev comes to the conclusion that "in our declining years, we love more tenderly and more superstitiously." This wise man, who has been married twice and managed to raise children, discovers completely new character traits that he did not even suspect about. The poet compares his unexpected love with the evening dawn, which illuminates his path with a special radiance. It is in this all-consuming feeling that the author sees not only the meaning of his earthly existence, but also draws strength for inspiration, which, according to Tyutchev, has long since left him.
It is noteworthy that after meeting Elena Denisyeva, the poet again turns not only to love, but also to landscape lyrics, he begins to notice that the world around him is really beautiful. “Half the sky was covered by a shadow, only there, in the west, a radiance wanders,” this is how the poet describes an ordinary day from his life. And what he sees outside the window most fully corresponds to the feelings that the poet is experiencing at this moment. He does not want the day to end so inexorably, and he protests inwardly against the fact that his life is nearing its end. However, the warmth that his last love gives Tyutchev warms the poet's soul, filling it with a wide variety of feelings. “Let the blood run thin in the veins, but tenderness does not run thin in the heart,” notes Tyutchev. He is touched by what he is experiencing at the moment, and at the same time he does not cease to be surprised that all this is happening to him - the person who least of all expected to become the hero of a fascinating love story. At the same time, the poet understands that his position is hopeless, since the status and position in society does not allow him to divorce his lawful wife. But the poet is not able to give up his love for Elena Denisyeva, believing that he received an undeserved gift from heaven.
"Last Love", analysis of Tyutchev's poem No. 6
Love is an unpredictable feeling. It can come to a person suddenly. No wonder one of the leading traditions of Russian literature is the comparison of love with a blow, a flash, as, for example, in the stories of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. In poetry, things are somewhat different. Since the lyrics concern the realm of feelings, the poet is waiting for an emotional response from the reader, he hopes that everyone who has read the poem will be able to exclaim: "Yes, I felt it too! And I survived it!"
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev's poem "Last Love", which is part of the famous "Denisiev cycle", is indeed dedicated to his last love - 24-year-old Elena Denisiev. Of course, it is autobiographical, because the tragic story of their relationship is quite well known: the 47-year-old poet fell in love with a young pupil of the Smolny Institute, but could not leave his family. Exhausted by such a "double" existence, the young woman died of transient consumption, and Tyutchev lived with a sense of guilt until his death.
The poem is rightfully considered the pearl of love poetry. This is not a passionate youthful confession, this is not a bitter regret about past love - this is truly an explanation, an explanation of a wise man who has learned to appreciate the most intimate moments in love between a man and a woman. It is precisely such moments that you are afraid to jinx it, which is why the author writes: "Oh, how in our declining years we love more tenderly and more superstitiously." Perhaps the hero actually becomes superstitious because he is afraid that he will lose something precious in his life and never gain it again.
In general, it should be noted that a person in Tyutchev's poetry - even in "cosmic", even in love - is weak and majestic at the same time. Fragile, like a reed, in the face of nature, he is great by some kind of internal, inexplicable force. A similar duality is felt in this poem, only here this duality is expressed with the help of parallelism (comparison of natural phenomena with human life), which is more characteristic of folk poetry. In this work, the last love of the hero is associated with the evening dawn:
Shine, shine, parting light
Last love, evening dawn!
Literally, this should be understood as follows: as the evening dawn with its last radiance illuminates everything around, so the farewell light of the last love illuminates a person’s life, which is nearing its end, because “the shadow has covered half the sky”, which means that half of life has already been lived. How can one not recall Dante's here. ". Having passed my earthly life halfway, I found myself in a gloomy forest"? But the hero of Tyutchev does not feel any fear or regret, he only asks with a humble plea:
Slow down, slow down, evening day,
Last, last, charm.
Yes, the hero is no longer young, so "blood runs low in veins". but now his love expresses more kindness, care, i.e. tenderness, which "does not languish in the heart". Although in the last lines there is hidden sadness, because the hero calls the last love "hopelessness". And again, an oxymoron characteristic of Tyutchev's style arises: it turns out that "hopelessness" causes "bliss" in the hero! Marvelous.
Speaking about the rhythmic organization of the poem, it is impossible not to say about the special sound of this work. At first it seems that the poem was written in amphibrach. But the last word seems to get out of the general rhythm and breaks the harmonious sound. In poetry, this is commonly called rhythm interruption. Obviously, the author uses this technique to create a more trusting intonation in order to emphasize the confessional nature of his love confession. The slowness of the rhythm is also caused by repetitions: "Shine, shine, parting light.". "Slow down, slow down, evening day.". "Long, last, charm."
Listen to Tyutchev's poem Last Love
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Picture last love
Fyodor Tyutchev, during his lifetime, a fairly well-known Russian poet and diplomat, at a rather serious age, fell in love with the beautiful twenty-four-year-old Elena Denisyeva.
To his great surprise, this love was mutual. This novel continued for more than ten years. Because of his social position in society, he could not divorce his wife and remarry.
All these years he was grateful to his wife for understanding and patience, but he could not part with his love. The poet outlived both of his women. He was especially worried about the death of Elena and until the end of his life he considered himself alone the culprit of her early death.
In the fifties of the nineteenth century, Tyutchev wrote the poem "Last Love", in which he tries to understand his inner feelings. This poem is included in a fairly well-known series of lyrical works dedicated to the relationship between a man and a woman and the wonderful feeling that connects them - the feeling of love. The poet was married twice, had children, but as he himself once wrote to his friend in a letter, “I didn’t even imagine that I was capable of such strong feelings.”
He compares his late love with the “evening dawn”, which illuminates his life path with a special radiance and claims that this irresistible feeling has become the meaning of his existence and it is in him that he finds strength and inspiration, which he had not felt for a long time and thought that they would be forever. they left him.
The poem "Last Love" is considered the pinnacle of the poet's love lyrics. In every line of this work, we hear the anguish and sadness of an already middle-aged man who cannot refuse the happiness that so unexpectedly rushed over him, and in the very recognition we hear not youthful passion, but notes of bitter regret about the past life, about the love that came to him. Unfortunately, it's too late for him. But at the same time, these are the words of a person who is wise with life experience and knows the price of love.
“Oh, how in our declining years we love more tenderly and superstitiously,” says the poet. With these words, he tells us that with age you begin to appreciate what fate has given you. Tyutchev over the years became a very superstitious person, he was very much afraid of losing the most precious thing - that which he could never find again - love.
In his poem, the author compares last love with the evening dawn and claims that just as the evening dawn illuminates the past day with its last radiance, so the last love illuminates human life, which is already approaching its eternal refuge. But the main character of the work is not afraid of anything and does not regret anything. He only asks for one thing: “Slow down, slow down, evening day,
Last, last, charm.
Tyutchev's hero is already a middle-aged man, and as he himself notes that "his blood is running out in his veins", but at the same time he claims that despite his age and this "poverty", his love, kindness, tenderness, care about a loved one "do not languish in his heart."
Yes, the last lines are filled with sadness and longing, he calls his last love “hopelessness”, but for some reason this feeling caused the main character to feel blissful.
In continuation of Pushkin's thought about the "smile of farewell" life, which is felt in late love at the "sad sunset" of human existence on earth (A.S. Pushkin. "Crazy years faded fun ..."), the lyrical hero of the poem "Last Love" (Tyutchev), whose analysis we will carry out, sees in the feeling that visited him “in his declining ... years”, the dawn, the evening light. The fragment consists of three quatrains of a four-foot meter. This is not an iambic, although some of the feet resemble an iambic rhythm. However, there are rhythmic interruptions in it, highlighting the special, unique features of the “last love”.
Oh, how in our declining years
We love more tenderly and more superstitiously ...
Shine, shine, parting light
Last love, evening dawn!
Against the background of iambic tetrameter, in the first and third lines in even lines, extra syllables appear in weak places: after the second strong place. Thanks to this, the words “love” and “last” stand out. Before you is the birth of the Russian dolnik, a fundamentally new meter, the originality of which will be fully revealed later, in the poetry of the Silver Age. But already in its first samples it is noticeable that it provides an opportunity for extra-sense emphasizing certain aspects. In the poem "Last Love" (Tyutchev), the analysis of which we are interested in, there are twelve lines, and in five of them there are stops, where the gap between strong places is variable (1-2 syllables). In addition to those noted, the words “in the west”, “slow down”, “bliss” stand out with interruptions, which focuses on the unwillingness of the lyrical hero to part with a rare, unusual, like the spectacle of dawn in the west, a phenomenon, a feeling, despite its hopelessness, delivering bliss.
Metric originality, being a through feature of the text, gives it integrity. There is another artistic feature that testifies to the unity of the idea - this is a rich phonic palette, in which the assonant sound "e" stands out as a tonic. It is heard in the rhymes of all three quatrains (1 - years-light, superstitious-evening; 2 - shadow-day; 3 - tenderness-hopelessness), as well as in internal rhymes: "Pom e length, pom e length, in e h e rny d e uh..." "But in e rdce n e skud e no n e tenderness...” (stanzas 2,3). The main assonance resonates with other sound repetitions (“a”, “i”, “y”), all of which are combined with a melodious semivowel and alliterations for sonorous “l”, “n”, “m”. In connection with this, the style of the song without words is built in the first stanza (“ O, as on the ck bosom our le t / Not well her we l jubilee m and with ye true her..."). This singing continues in the future, reaching a special expressiveness in the lines with repetitions of melodic forms of verbs (“Shine, shine”, “Slow down, slow down”, “Prolong, prolong”).
To feel the originality of the instrumentation of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love", try reading it aloud, paying attention to the noted phonic features. The analysis begins with them not by chance, since the subject of the poem is a phenomenon that is difficult to describe only with the help of words. Love is light, dawn, radiance. She is perceived by the lyrical hero against the background of physical extinction as the last flash (Pushkin's epithet is repeated - "farewell light") of life. The metaphorical rapprochement with the sunshine at sunset in the second stanza allows us to create the image of an “evening day”:
Half the sky was covered by a shadow,
Only there, in the west, radiance wanders, -
Slow down, slow down, evening day,
Last, last, charm.
On the basis of the parallelism of the natural and the human, sunset pictures arise in the landscape and in the earthly existence of the individual. They combine light and shadow, day and night features (oxymoron "evening day"), which exacerbates the feeling of the uniqueness and mystery of life. Due to the fact that the poem contains psychological specificity (“our age”, “we love”), the image of the lyrical hero has subjective reliability. The romantic antithesis between the eternal youth of the soul and physical extinction is conveyed as an exhilarating experience. In the tangible characteristic of the feeling, the desire for peace stands out. The admiration of the “evening dawn” (the light, sunny color is emphasized in the sunset, prompting us to perceive it as the beginning of a new, evening day) testifies to the harmony found in the declining years, overcoming the painful split. In the third quatrain, the specifics of inner sensations are outlined. The contradiction between dying (“blood runs thin in the veins”) and enjoying the awakened, thanks to love, tenderness is resolved in the poem in the exaltation of spiritual bliss, which allows you to overcome sorrow, perceiving hopelessness as a gift of fate (opposing depression from the consciousness of the end of life is the exaltation of “last love”, transmitted exclamation and emotional interjection). This is the last, parting gift that allows you to know the rightness of life.
Due to the importance for the lyrical hero of thinking about her deep essence, sadness in his emotional state is combined with a victorious feeling. In his mood, “Half the sky was covered by a shadow”, but the radiance of truth contrasts with it, the combination of equally important experiences for him creates a genuine “charm”. It is the semantic dominant of the poem, in which the variety of particulars does not violate the harmony of the whole. The sound “e” becomes the tonic, which ends (as the last vowel) of the text, reminiscent of a polyphonic piece of music. This concludes the analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love".
Fedor Tyutchev and Elena Denisyeva.
The Denisyev cycle is called the most lyrical and poignant in the work of Fyodor Tyutchev. The addressee of these poems is the muse and last love of the poet Elena Denisyeva. For the sake of love for Tyutchev, she sacrificed everything: her social status, the location of her family, the respect of others. Their relationship lasted a long 14 years. They were sweet and painful at the same time. 
Portrait of Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva.
Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva came from an old but impoverished noble family. Her mother died when Elena was still a child. Some time later, the father married again, but the stepmother did not like the rebellious stepdaughter too much. Therefore, the girl was urgently sent to St. Petersburg to be raised by her father's sister Anna Dmitrievna Denisyeva. She was the inspector of the Smolny Institute. This position allowed the aunt to arrange for her niece to study at the Institute of Noble Maidens.
Usually strict with the pupils, Anna Dmitrievna didted on Elena and spoiled her. She bought outfits for her niece, took her out into the world. The young beauty with perfect manners was noticed by both overgrown society lions and ardent young men. 
Elena Denisyeva is the last love of Fyodor Tyutchev.
Years of study at Smolny allowed Elena Alexandrovna to master the art of court etiquette, speak German and French without an accent, and acquire other skills necessary for the pupils. A completely successful arrangement of her fate awaited the girl: after graduating from the Smolny Institute, she should have become a maid of honor at the imperial court, if not for the big scandal that erupted right before the release of Denisyeva. 
Ernestina Tyutcheva, wife of Fyodor Tyutchev. F. Dürk, 1840
The daughters of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev studied in the same class with Elena Alexandrovna, so Denisyeva was a frequent guest in his house. The poet's daughters came with their girlfriend for home tea parties. Gradually, Tyutchev began to pay more attention to the girl than etiquette required. The poet's wife saw how he was caring for a young beauty, but did not attach much importance to this. Ernestina Feodorovna, mindful of her husband's past intrigues with aristocrats, considered that his attachment to an orphan girl did not pose any threat. 
Elena Denisyeva with her daughter.
In March 1851, just before graduation from Smolny and subsequent distribution to future posts, an incredible scandal erupted. It turned out that Denisyev's pupil was pregnant and would soon give birth. The director arranged for Elena Alexandrovna to be shadowed and found out that she secretly met with Fyodor Tyutchev in a rented apartment not far from the Smolny Institute. Denisyeva gave birth in May of the same year.
Auntie was immediately expelled from her place of work, however, having appointed a generous pension, and almost everyone turned away from Elena. Her father cursed her and forbade her relatives to communicate with her daughter. Only the aunt supported her niece and took her to live with her. 
Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev is a Russian poet.
Then Denisyeva was 25 years old, and Tyutchev was 47. For him, the young and stately Elena Alexandrovna was a muse, an all-consuming passion. Their painful relationship lasted for fourteen years.
Tyutchev was not going to terminate the official marriage, but he was not able to part with his beloved either. They had three children. Elena Alexandrovna forgave Tyutchev both infrequent visits and life in two families. When asked by the children about why dad is practically never at home, the woman lied that he had too much work.
Only a few weeks a year abroad, Elena Alexandrovna was truly happy. After all, no one knew her history there, and when she checked into a hotel, she resolutely called herself Madame Tyutcheva. 
Elena Denisyeva is the muse and mistress of the poet Fyodor Tyutchev.
In Russia, Denisyeva again had to put up with the position of a half-wife, half-lover. She perfectly understood that she was engaged in self-flagellation, but she could not help herself, because she loved the poet too much.
And yet, sometimes this submissive woman could not stand it and showed her temper. When she announced that she was pregnant for the third time, Fedor Ivanovich tried to dissuade her from giving birth. Then Denisyeva flew into a rage, grabbed the figurine from the table and threw it at Tyutchev with all her might. She did not hit him, but only beat off the corner of the fireplace.
Their painful relationship would have continued, but in 1864 Elena Denisyeva died suddenly of tuberculosis. Tyutchev was inconsolable.
All day she lay in oblivion -
And shadows covered all of it -
Lil warm, summer rain - its jets
The leaves sounded merry.
And slowly she came to her senses -
And I started listening to the noise
And listened for a long time - passionate,
Immersed in conscious thought...
And so, as if talking to myself,
Consciously she said:
(I was with her, killed, but alive)
"Oh, how I loved all this!"
You loved, and the way you love -
t, no one has yet succeeded -
Oh Lord! .. and survive this ...
And my heart didn't break into pieces... 
Frame from the movie "The Last Love of Tyutchev" (2003)
After the death of his beloved, Tyutchev wrote to his friend: “... The memory of her is that the feeling of hunger in the hungry, insatiably hungry. It doesn’t live, my friend Alexander Ivanovich, it doesn’t live ... The wound fester, it doesn’t heal. Be it cowardice "I don't care if it's powerlessness. Only in her presence and for her I was a person, only in her love, her boundless love for me, I was aware of myself ... Now I'm something meaninglessly living, some kind of living, painful insignificance "It may be that in some years nature in man loses its healing power, that life loses the ability to be reborn, renewed. All this may be; but believe me, my friend Alexander Ivanovich, he is only able to assess my situation, which of Thousands to one had a terrible fate - to live fourteen years in a row, hourly, every minute, with such love as her love, and survive it.
[…] I am ready to accuse myself of ingratitude, of insensitivity, but I can’t lie: it didn’t get easier for a minute, as soon as consciousness returned. All these methods of opium numb the pain for a minute, but that's all. The effect of opium will pass, and the pain is still the same ... "
The poem by Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev "Last Love" belongs to the late period of the poet's work and is one of his best works. Filled with lyrics and deep drama, it reflects all the experiences of Tyutchev that he happened to experience in his personal life. We offer a brief analysis of "Last Love" according to a plan that will help prepare for a lesson in literature in grade 10.
Brief analysis
History of creation- The verse was written in 1852-1854, and is dedicated to Elena Denisyeva.
Theme of the poem- A strong and deep feeling of love, which is possible only in adulthood.
Composition- The composition is conditionally divided into three parts, in each of which the author concluded a certain meaning.
Genre- Elegy.
Poetic size– Iambic tetrameter using cross rhyme.
epithets- « last", "evening", "farewell".
Avatars- « a shadow embraced half the sky”, “radiance wanders”.
Lexical repetitions – « last, last”, “slow down, slow down”.
History of creation
Being already an accomplished poet and a mature man, Fyodor Ivanovich passionately fell in love with a young pupil of the Institute for Noble Maidens Elena Denisyeva. At that time, Tyutchev was 47 years old, and his chosen one was 24 years old, but such an impressive age difference did not become an obstacle to sincere feelings.
The romance between Fedor Ivanovich and Elena developed very rapidly, becoming the subject of gossip and condemnation in society. The fact is that at that time the famous poet had a family, and his relationship with a young girl was immoral. Denisyeva's feelings were so strong that she sacrificed her position in society.
Tyutchev's vicious connection lasted for 14 years, until the fatal death of Elena, who gave birth to three illegitimate children to the poet. All this time the young woman suffered from her insulting position, and died of transient consumption. The remaining days Fedor Ivanovich lived with a sense of guilt before his beloved.
Tyutchev displayed all the strength of his passion in numerous poems dedicated to Elena. The brightest lyrical works were combined into the collection "Denisiev cycle". It also included the verse "Last Love", written by Tyutchev in 1852-1854.
Subject
Each line of the poem is permeated with a strong and tender feeling. However, these are not passionate and violent love experiences of youth, but much deeper and more penetrating emotions of maturity.
The love of an elderly person is based on tenderness, kindness, attention, the desire to take care and protect his beloved. But, nevertheless, these are not friendly relations, devoid of romanticism, but the true love of a man for a woman.
The lyrical hero understands that this gift from heaven - the last love - is somehow doomed, and longing and hopelessness shine through in the work. He superstitiously protects him, because such a strong mutual feeling will never happen again.
Composition
The work can be conditionally divided into three parts, according to the number of stanzas, each of which contains a complete thought.
So, in the first stanza, the lyrical hero's thoughts about love in adulthood are shown. He compares love to evening dawn, illuminating the path of life.
In the second stanza, one feels the detachment of the hero, standing on the threshold of inevitable old age. He asks time for a little delay in order to have time to enjoy the charm of feeling.
The final third stanza reflects the main idea of the work - despite all the obstacles that time puts, a person is able to sincerely and wholeheartedly love at any age.
Genre
The poem is written in the genre of elegy - songs of sad content. The poetic size is iambic tetrameter with the use of cross rhyme.
means of expression
Sublime intonation is achieved through the use of the “o” particle, with which the author skillfully frames the work. Lyricism and amazing musicality give the poem lexical repetitions(“extend, prolong”, “slow down, slow down”).
The expressiveness and figurativeness of the work is achieved thanks to numerous epithets("last", "evening", "farewell") and metaphors(“Half the sky was embraced by a shadow”, “radiance wanders”).
