Knowledge of the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates will help to better understand the features of the geography of various parts of this so diverse and mysterious continent. Despite the fact that Europeans have been studying the continent for several centuries, it still continues to keep many secrets.
Extreme points of Africa and their coordinates
Each of the extreme points of the continent is located on the territory of another original country. For example, the northern one is located in Tunisia at the tip of Cape Blanco, which the locals call Ben Secca. Fans of remarkable natural sites will be able to get to the cape from Bizerte, the nearest city to it, whose population exceeds one hundred thousand people. The coordinates of the extreme point of Africa, located on Cape Ben Secca, are 37°20′49″ N. sh. and 9°45′20″ E. This makes it the northernmost point of the continent.
All other extreme points of Africa and their continents are located on the territory of different countries, such as Somalia, South Africa and Senegal.
East Africa. Cape Ras Hafun
If it is quite easy to be at the extreme point in Tunisia, then some will require incredible efforts from the traveler. For example, Cape Ras Hafun, which is considered the extreme point in eastern Africa, is located on the territory of Somalia, a state torn apart by civil war for several decades.
The coordinates of the extreme point of Africa in this region look like this - 10 ° 25′00 ″ s. sh. 51°16′00″ E e. On them you can find a low cape, protruding into the sea for forty kilometers. This remarkable geographical feature is located in the very north of the Republic of Somalia.
This geographic location is vulnerable, as tsunamis often occur in the Indian Ocean. The most severe consequences were caused by a wave in 2004, when the fishing village located on the cape was completely destroyed. Today, more than two and a half thousand people live in the fishing village, most of them belong to the clan of the Ottoman Mamuds.
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South Africa
The extreme points and their coordinates are the necessary knowledge for the harmonious development of ideas about how the world works and what place this or that country occupies in it.
The Republic of South Africa occupies a significant part of the southern tip of the mainland, therefore, it is not surprising that it is on its territory that the most extreme point of Africa is located and its coordinates are 34 ° 49′43 ″ S. sh. 20°00′09″ in. e. And these are not the coordinates of the Cape of Good Hope, the most famous cape of the continent. The southernmost point of the mainland is Cape Agulhas, also known as Agulhas.
In the vicinity of the cape is one of the most dangerous areas for sailors. The fact is that an underwater sand spit stretches along the South African coast, originating in the immediate vicinity of the cape. This area is called the Banka Agulhas.
The name of the cape and the whole area surrounding it was given by Portuguese navigators in the fifteenth century. According to legend, the compass needle, the role of which was then played by a needle, showed due north in this place, since a magnetic anomaly was observed in the region at that time. By the nineteenth century, the direction of the anomaly changed to the west.
Senegal. West Africa
The geographical coordinates of the extreme points of Africa are also of interest because they are often used not only by sailors, but also by desperate travelers who seek to visit the maximum number of exotic places, which, of course, include the extreme points of the continents. After all, it is from this point that you can take a photo that will remind you of a wonderful event all your life. The extreme western point is Cape Almadi, located on the territory of the Zeleny Peninsula 34°49′43″ S. sh. 20°00′09″ in. d.
The fourth extreme point of Africa and its coordinates are located on the territory of Senegal, a state located in the very west of the continent. Until recently, it was in this country that the route of the world-famous Paris-Dakar rally ended, but due to political instability in many countries through which the rally route passed, the race was moved to South America.
Summing up, we can list the following extreme points of Africa and their coordinates:
- Cape Ben Secca in the north, 37°20′28″ N sh. 9°44′48″ in. d.
- Cape Agulhas in South Africa, 34°49′43.39″ S sh. 20°00′09.15″ e. d.
- Cape Almadi in the west of the continent 14°44′41″ n. sh. 17°31′13″ W d.
- Cape Ras Hafun in the east of the mainland, in the Republic of Somalia with coordinates 10°25′00″ N. sh. 51°16′00″ E d.
Hello! The topic of today's post will be the mainland Africa, about which we will consider the most important and basic geographical facts.
The continent of Africa is the second largest after Eurasia (more about this continent). Its area is 29.2 million km 2 (with islands 30.3 million km 2), which is almost 1/5 of the entire globe.
Extreme points of the mainland: North point - Cape El Abyad, coordinates 37° 21" N, 9° 45" E;
South point - Cape Agulhas, 34° 51" S, 20° 00" E;
Western point - Cape Almadi, coordinates 14° 44" N, 17° 31" W;
East point - Cape Ras Hafun, 10° 25" N, 51° 21" E.
The length from the northern cape of El Abyad (Ras Engela) to the southern cape of Agulhas is almost 8000 km, the width between the western and eastern capes, respectively Almadi and Hafun, is 7500 km.
Africa is bordered to the south and east by the Indian Ocean, to the northeast by the Red Sea, to the north by the Mediterranean Sea, and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean.
The shores of Africa are slightly cut: the largest peninsula is Somalia, the largest inflow is Guinea.
Geologically, the platform has a Precambrian crystalline base that is overlain by younger sedimentary rocks. (geochronological scale).
Folded mountains are located only in the south (Cape Mountains) and in the northwest (Atlas). The relief of Africa is dominated by high folded plains, plateaus and plateaus; in the interior - large tectonic depressions (Congo in Central Africa, Kalahari in South Africa, etc.).
Africa from the Zambezi River to the Red Sea is fragmented by the world's largest system of discharge depressions, partially occupied by lakes (Nyasa, Tanganyika and others).
Volcanoes Kenya, Kilimanjaro ( 5895 m, the highest point in Africa) and others are located along the edges of the depressions.
Minerals of world importance that are mined in Africa: uranium, gold (South Africa), diamonds (West and South Africa), ores of iron, aluminum (West Africa), cobalt, lithium, beryl, copper (mainly in South Africa), natural gas, oil, phosphorites (West and South Africa ).
Summer average monthly temperatures are around 25-30°C. In winter, high positive temperatures (10-25°C) also prevail, but in the mountains there are temperatures below 0°C, and snow falls annually in the Atlas Mountains.
In the equatorial zone, the largest amount of precipitation per year (on average 1500-2000 mm), and on the coast of the Guinean inflow (up to 3000-4000 mm.). To the south and east of the equator, precipitation decreases (in deserts 100 mm or less).
The main flow is directed to the Atlantic Ocean: the rivers Nile (which is the largest in Africa), Niger, Congo (Zaire), Gambia, Senegal, Orange. The big river of the Indian Ocean basin is the Zambezi.
About 1/3 of Africa is an area of internal runoff, mainly temporary streams. The largest lakes in Africa: Tanganyika, Victoria, Nyasa (Malawi).
The main African types of vegetation: deserts (the largest is the Sahara) and savannas, which occupy about 80% of Africa's area.
The coastal regions of the subequatorial zone and the equatorial zone are characterized by moist equatorial evergreen forests.
To the south and north of them - sparse tropical forests that turn into shrouds, and then into desert shrouds.
In tropical Africa (mainly in reserves and), rhinos, elephants, zebras, hippos, cheetahs, antelopes, lions, leopards, etc. are found.
Small predators, numerous monkeys, rodents; in dry areas a large number of reptiles.
A huge number of birds, including flamingos, ibis, ostriches. A tsetse fly, termites, locusts, bring great harm to the economy of Africa.
African countries: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Djibouti, most of Egypt, Congo (Zaire), Zambia, Zimbabwe, Cape Verde, Cameroon, Congo, Cat -d'Ivoire, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Mauritania, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Swaziland, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Central African Republic of, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Republic of South Africa (South Africa), as well as the territories of Western Sahara, Ceuta and Melilla.
On the islands belonging to Africa, there are such countries: Comoros, Mauritius, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, and Reunion, Saint Helena.
More than 700 million people, or about 15%, live in African countries. Africa is inhabited by hundreds of large and small nations (). 107 of which have more than 1 million people each, which is 86.2% of the total population.
Representatives of nomadic tribes and nationalities migrate across the territories of other countries. In the north of the continent, the largest of the African ethnic groups are Arabs (Moroccan, Algerian, Egyptian). In South and Central Africa - Bantu, in Tropical Africa - Hausa, Yoruba, as well as Oromo, Amhara.
For example, the Bantu includes more than 40 peoples, and each of them has more than 1 million people. There are also many immigrants from Asian and European countries in African countries.
In South Africa, immigrants, especially the majority - more than 5 million people (Italians, French, Afrikaners, or Boers).
More than half of the continent's population lives in rural areas. They are engaged in cattle breeding and agriculture. The largest part of the urban population (more than 50%) is concentrated in Djibouti, South Africa, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Mauritius, Reunion.
Many residents in rapidly growing cities are employed in the service sector (service, trade). Most of them are government employees.
The African continent continues to have a high level of unemployment. A large number of citizens live thanks to casual earnings.
Inhabitants of mainland Africa profess different religions. In northern Africa, the Arabs mainly practice Sunni Islam. Christianity and Islam, as well as local traditional beliefs, are common in Tropical Africa. South Africa is dominated by the Christian religion (Protestantism and Catholicism), and there are also followers of Hinduism and other religions.
Thus, we found out that the mainland of Africa is very rich in various minerals, beautiful and rare animals and birds, and many different peoples live here with their own customs and cultures.
summary of other presentations"Description of the geographical position of Africa" - D. Livingston. Vasily Vasilievich Junker. Cape of Good Hope. Features of the mainland. Discovery and exploration of the mainland. Physical and geographical position of the mainland. Plan for describing the FGP of the mainland. Techniques for determining geographic location. Determine where the continent is located relative to the equator. On the Upper Nile. Vasco da Gama. Natives. Physical map of Africa. Egyptian pyramids. David Livingston. Sunset on the Nile River.
"Information about Africa" - History. View of Africa from space. Groups of hunters-fishermen lived in the Sahara. The Pyramid of Khafre and the Great Sphinx on the Giza Plateau. Africa during the Stone Age. African uniqueness. Africa was part of a single continent. Animals of Africa. Origin of name. Ruins of Carthage. Africa. Human Origins. extreme points. Terracotta figurine, Nok culture. The population of Africa is about a billion people.
"Africa is the hottest continent" - Namib. Africa. The hottest continent The passage of the cold Benguela Current. Climate. Constant winds blowing from tropical latitudes to the equator. Constant winds. High air temperature. Circulation. Sunny mainland. Known deposits. The Kalahari Desert. Places where it doesn't rain for years. Geographic cross. Desert. The passage of the warm Mozambique current. Lines on the climate map.
"Africa in the system of international relations" - The goal of NEPAD. The fertility of the earth. New big program. cholera epidemic. Africa in the system of international relations. peacekeeping efforts. New trend. TNK channels. Europeans. Situation. Farming system. Share in world GDP. Price. African theme. The problem of the African continent. G8 leaders. GDP growth. Organizations. Tribal conflicts. Final document. Capital inflow.
"Description of Africa" - Africa. Snakes (mambas, pythons), lizards, frogs and invertebrates can be found everywhere. The most common are Arabic, English, French and African languages. Common inhabitants of the rivers are crocodiles. African marabou. The modern population consists mainly of representatives of two races: Arabs and Anglo-South Africans. The fauna of Africa is surprisingly rich. Birds: African ostriches, marabou, snake-eating secretary bird.
"Geography "Map of Africa"" - Sahara. Moist equatorial forests. extreme points. Madagascar. Somalia. Geographic location of Africa. GP record forms. Heart of Africa. Eurasia. Unique Africa. Conclusions about the climate of Africa. Geographic location of Africa. Atlantic Ocean. Strait of Gibraltar. Suez Canal. Choose the correct statements. Plan of the characteristics of the mainland. climatic zones. Desert life. GP plan. Africa. What cards are required.
This we know... 1.Africa intersects in the middle.... 2. Zero meridian crosses Africa from .... 3.Africa is washed by the oceans, by their number ...., this is .... 4. From the north, the mainland is washed by ... 5. The eastern extreme point of the mainland is considered ... 6. The mainland is farthest from Africa ... 7. The Gulf of Guinea is located from ... 8. The largest island off the coast of Africa ...
Relief - a set of irregularities of the earth's surface, differing in size, origin and age
Atlas Mountains Atlas, the Atlas Mountains is a large mountain system in northwestern Africa, stretching from the Atlantic coast of Morocco through Algeria to the coast of Tunisia. The length of the ridges is km. The highest point is Mount Toubkal (4167 m), located in the southwest of Morocco.
The Cape Mountains are mountains in South Africa, in the extreme south of Africa, stretching from the Olifants River to the city of Port Elizabeth. The mountain system consists of several parallel ranges, among which are the Cedar Mountains, the Langeberg, Swartberg, Piketberg, Kodelberg, etc. ridges. The highest point is the mountain Sevenwikspurtpeak (2325 m).
Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro has had no documented eruptions, but local legends speak of volcanic activity years ago. The name comes from the Swahili language and supposedly means "mountain that sparkles". a mountain range in northeastern Tanzania, the highest point in Africa above sea level (5893 m, officially 5895 m).
1. Plains, the absolute height of which is from 200 to 500 meters, are called: A) lowlands B) hills C) plateaus 2. The relief of Africa is dominated by: A) plains B) mountains C) lowlands 3. Mountains, the absolute height of which is from 2000 to 5000 are called: A) medium B) highest C) high 4. In size, Africa is second only to: A) Eurasia B) North America C) Antarctica 5. The highest point in Africa: A) Mount Kilimanjaro B) Mount Takhar C) Mount Toubkal 6 The reasons for the formation of high plateaus on the African continent: A) Earthquakes B) Rise by internal forces of individual sections of the platform C) Volcanic eruptions 7. At the base of most of the mainland is: A) Platform B) Folded areas C) Lithospheric plate. 8. Minerals of sedimentary origin (coal, oil, gas) are mainly located: A. In the northern part of the mainland. B. In the southern part of the mainland C. In the western part of the mainland. 9. Restore the chains of cause-and-effect relationships: A. Plain. B. Platform. B. Folded areas. D. Sedimentary minerals. D. Mountains. E. Igneous minerals.
Great contrasts, which are studied with interest by the science of geography. Africa is the hottest continent on the planet and the highest. Many tribes and nationalities live on its territory, each of which speaks its own language.
This article will focus specifically on Africa, its nature and population.
Africa: coordinates of extreme points
It is the second largest continent on our planet. It covers an area of 30 million square kilometers. Africa is connected to Eurasia by the narrow Isthmus of Suez.
8 thousand kilometers - it is at this distance that the mainland of Africa stretches from north to south. The coordinates of the extreme points of the continent are as follows:
- North - Cape Ras-Engela (37.21 degrees north latitude).
- South - Cape Agulhas (34.51 degrees south latitude).
7.5 thousand kilometers - the distance between the western and eastern outskirts of a continent such as Africa. The coordinates of the extreme points of the continent are as follows:
- Western - Cape Almadi (17.33 degrees west longitude).
- Eastern - Cape Ras Gafun (51.16 degrees east longitude).
The length of the coastline of the mainland is 26 thousand kilometers. This is very small for a continent of this size. The reason is that the coastline of Africa is very poorly indented.
It should also be noted that the extreme points of Africa have other names. So, Cape Agulhas is sometimes called Cape Agulhas. And Cape Ras Engela is sometimes called Cape Blanco. Therefore, these toponyms can also be found in the scientific literature.
The geographical position of Africa is unique. The fact is that the equator crosses this mainland almost in the middle. This fact leads to two important consequences:
- First, the continent receives a large amount of solar radiation, as it is located between two tropics.
- Secondly, in terms of natural features, South Africa is symmetrically (mirror) similar to North Africa.
Geography: Africa - the highest continent of the planet
Africa is often referred to as the high continent because it is dominated by high landforms. These geomorphologists include plateaus, highlands and plateaus, as well as remnant mountains. Interestingly, these landforms seem to border the mainland, while the plains are located in its central part. In other words, Africa can be imagined as a not very deep saucer.
The highest point on the continent is Mount Kilimanjaro (5895 meters). It is located in Tanzania, and many tourists have an irresistible desire to conquer this peak. But the lowest point is located in the small country of Djibouti. This is Lake Assal with an absolute height of 157 meters (but with a minus sign).
Mineral resources of Africa
In Africa, deposits of almost all mineral resources known to man have been explored. South Africa is especially rich in various minerals (these are diamonds, coal, nickel and copper ores). As a rule, foreign companies are engaged in the development of deposits.
The bowels of Africa are rich in iron ores. Many smelters in Europe and North America operate on ore mined here.
North Africa is known for its numerous oil and natural gas deposits. The countries in which they are located are very lucky - they live quite well. First of all, we note Tunisia and Algeria.
Climate and inland waters
The longest river in the world, the Nile, flows through Africa. Other major mainland rivers are the Congo, Niger, Zambezi, Limpopo and Orange. In the tectonic faults of East Africa, deep lakes formed - Nyasa, Tanganyika and others. In a state called Chad is the largest salt lake of the continent with the same name.
Africa, as mentioned above, is the hottest continent on planet Earth. Due to its location, the surface of the continent receives a lot of solar energy and is very hot.
In Central Africa, as well as on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea, a large amount of precipitation falls. In the territories to the south and north, climatic seasons are already clearly visible - dry winter and rainy season in summer. Farther north and south, there is very little precipitation, which leads to the formation of deserts. Africa is home to the largest desert on the planet, the Sahara.
The population of the "black" continent
Africa is indeed dominated by the black population. Moreover, the conditional border that separates the Negroid and Caucasian races is the Sahara desert.
Almost one billion people live in Africa today. At the same time, the population of the continent is growing at a rapid pace. According to scientists, by 2050, about 2 billion people will live here.
If you carefully consider the political map of Africa, you will notice one interesting detail. The fact is that the borders between many states are drawn in straight lines. This is a kind of legacy of the colonial past of Africa. Such careless drawing of borders (without taking into account the ethnic characteristics of the regions) today leads to many conflicts between tribes and nationalities.
The average population density in Africa is 30 people per square kilometer. The level of urbanization here is also low and amounts to only 30%. However, there are enough large million-plus cities. The largest of them are Cairo and Lagos.
Africa speaks a thousand languages! Indigenous (purely African) are Swahili, Fula and Congo. In many countries of the continent, the following languages have official status: English, Portuguese and French. If we talk about the religious preferences of the African population, then most of the inhabitants of the mainland profess Islam and Catholicism. Many Protestant churches are also widespread here.
Finally...
Africa is the hottest continent on the planet. The reason for this is the special geographical position of the continent.
The geographic coordinates of Africa are as follows: the mainland is located between 37 degrees north latitude and 34 degrees south latitude. Thus, the equator divides Africa almost in half, due to which its surface receives a huge amount of solar radiation.
Now you know the main natural features of the African continent, the coordinates of the extreme points of its territory.
