How often do we see the situation: a girl with a portfolio a little smaller than herself sits out 7 lessons, then runs to a music school, and from there to an English tutor. We also need to have time to learn the lessons, because our school curriculum is designed for future Einsteins and Newtons. And parents also demand high marks and obedience from the kids, and at parent meetings they demand: give us a couple more languages ​​​​in the program, because after school the children will enter!

And they don’t even think that such overloads break the delicate and fragile nervous system of the child, up to 70% of which suffer from obvious or hidden neuroses. Blame it all - school overload.

What are learning standards?

Educational norms can be divided into the study itself and the conditions in which this study is carried out. Studying directly is how many lessons a student sits, how many hours he spends on homework, how many hours he spends on physical activity and rest. It is no secret that in the modern school curriculum, the student has absolutely no time left for rest - this time is “eaten up” by homework.

The environment for learning is what kind of room and classroom the children study in. A spacious room with modern equipment and bright, joyful classrooms is the norm. An old school, where even in winter the heating does not reach 18 degrees, and the children are forced to sit in warm jackets and blow on their frozen fingers - this, unfortunately, is a real picture. Not ubiquitous, but very common.

It is important for parents and teachers to take into account that even if the conditions for the child’s study are excellent, the environment around is pleasing to the eye, then the school load in these bright, spacious classrooms should not be excessive.

What causes excessive school workload?

According to studies by physiologists, up to 40% of primary school students (that is, children at the most fragile age of 6 to 10 years old) suffer from obvious or hidden neuroses due to school overload. The percentage of neurotics among middle-aged schoolchildren and adolescents is even higher - up to 70%. These studies, by the way, were conducted in exemplary schools, where parents and teachers were supporters of the most intensive program - with the study of special subjects and numerous electives. The same statistics show that after graduation from school, the diseases of children acquired during excessive education become chronic.

So, after finishing grades 9-11, 3 times more chronic diseases are registered in children than at school. Among these diseases, there are five times more visually impaired children than at school, and those who suffer from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are increasing by 3 times. It's simple: the body can not cope with the stress and the course of the disease is aggravated. After all, none of them arises in a week, but develops over months, or even years.

With regard to psychological deviations as a result of overload at school, these problems occur in every fourth boy and girl.

Stress of lack of time

"I do not have time for anything!" the child cries desperately. And if he does not scream, then he thinks - he is already tired of screaming. This stress is the most common among schoolchildren. When a child is naughty in the kindergarten, psychologists advise parents to leave 15-20 minutes for any of his fees. This is good advice for parents of students as well. But it is not easy to follow him. Breaks between lessons are negligible. And the school load is such that an extra 15-20 minutes is a huge luxury for a busy child. In the meantime, he is constantly urged on: come on, come on, study, have time.

As a result, throughout the entire course of study - 9-11 years old - the child is forced to compact his schedule as much as possible, constantly run somewhere, do homework in the shortest possible time, because there are still tutors on the horizon and, finally, dancing or a musical instrument. In the pursuit of knowledge and prestigious admission, teachers and parents miss an important detail: with the same life expectancy of a person over the past fifty years, the school load has increased 3 times.

If 30 years ago, schoolchildren counted on sticks until the third grade, today in the third grade they learn a lot of subjects that were previously introduced no earlier than grades 6-7. Meanwhile, the constant increase in workload at school is a direct violation of the standards of education, which both teachers, and even more so parents look through their fingers. There is only one excuse: let him study, there will be no time to do stupid things ...

What are reasonable school load standards?

Let's look at how long a child should be engaged without compromising health. The Ministry of Health, of course, strictly calculates the standards of education for children of different ages. Parents will be very surprised if they find out these numbers.

Up to grade 5 - no six days and no more than 5-6 lessons per day. If, however, the school provides for a six-day period, fifth-graders should sit no more than 31 hours for the whole week. It turns out no more than 5 lessons per day. Now remember when your fifth grader received no more than 5 lessons a day?

6th grade - if a five-day school week is provided, there should be a maximum of 6 lessons per day, and then not every day, because in total the Ministry of Health allows no more than 29 lessons per week for students of this age. If the sixth graders have a six-day school week, they are allowed no more than 5 lessons per day and once a week - 6 lessons. Because the school week for schoolchildren of this age should contain no more than 32 lessons.

The load on the lessons is also regulated by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health. The most difficult should be the 2nd and third lessons - mathematics, physics, chemistry, language learning. Tuesday and Wednesday should be the days when the most difficult lessons are planned, Thursday and Friday are more unloading. Have you seen a school that meets these requirements?

How much time to devote to homework?

As for homework, for fifth graders they can be no more than 3 hours. That is, the child must have time to do all the lessons during this time, given that every hour he needs to rest for 10-15 minutes. Asking a child more than he manages to do in 3 hours is not allowed by sanitary standards! What do we see in reality? The little sufferer does not look up from his textbooks for the rest of the day, and his parents also punish him for every mistake. How can a neurosis not develop here?

The norm of homework for children of the 6th grade is the same as for the fifth graders, and not a minute more. Parents and teachers should draw conclusions.

The time for starting and finishing homework also, it turns out, is regulated by sanitary and hygienic standards. Maybe the parents will be amazed, but this time is by no means one or two in the morning, as often happens. Homework should start at 3:00 pm and finish no later than 5:00 pm. What is it? But you can often see a picture when a child sits over textbooks until 22.00 and later, and even in poor lighting.

Meanwhile, doctors strictly forbid sitting on homework after 19.00, especially for primary school students. This causes many chronic diseases in them, including visual impairment, posture and chronic fatigue syndrome.

How much should a student sleep and walk?

Sleep and physical activity for schoolchildren are also regulated. To protect the child from school overload, he needs to be given at least 8-10 hours of sleep. To give a school-age child a normal physical activity, he needs to be given the opportunity to walk, run and jump up to 7 km a day, and half of them at school. Moreover, a child of school age should be in the fresh air for at least three hours. How long does your child walk?

Symptoms of school overload

Yes, there are. And they are not connected at all with the fact that your child is naturally capricious and disobedient. Parents need to pay attention in time to the signals that the child’s body, exhausted by school overload, intensively gives. Otherwise, it may be too late - constant visits to the hospital may not show the real reason why your baby is getting sick more and more often. And this reason is tritely simple - the teaching load is extremely high.

1. So, the first indicator of school overload is the weight of the child. If the student began to lose weight rapidly, the body needs more rest and properly organized nutrition. To control the weight of the child, it must be put on the scales at least once a month.
2. The second indicator of a student's overwork is his consistently bad mood and signs of depression: increased fatigue, weakness, loss of interest in those activities that previously caused the child's active participation.
3. The third important indicator is the deterioration of appetite. If a child ignores his mother's previously passionately loved pies and is indifferent to his previously adored cakes, it's bad. It is worth paying attention to how many hours a day the student devotes to lessons and whether he walks enough in the fresh air.
4. The fourth indicator of a child's health is his movements. The bad habit of constantly biting your nails is not a whim of a child, but the first bell of a stressful state. Grinding of teeth in sleep, nightmares, bruising under the eyes, twitching of the eyelids, slight stuttering are in the same category. First you need to reduce the school load of the child, scold him less and give him enough sleep. It does not help - take your student to a psychologist - such visits are not in vain.
5. The fifth important indicator of the shaky health of a son or daughter is his behavior in the classroom. If a child does not listen to the teacher well, bullies classmates, answers questions inappropriately, or, conversely, does not show any interest in classes, is sluggish and lack of initiative - sound the alarm. This may be a banal overwork, and not at all a desire to annoy yourself by spoiling the report card indicators.
6. Finally, pay attention to the child's blood pressure. This is an important symptom of whether the body is in order. Normal pressure for an adult is 120x80. For a child, these figures are too high. The upper pressure of the child is normal - 100-80. If the upper indicator of the arterial pressure of a student under 14 years old is “only” 5 units higher and is 115 mm Hg. Art., this can be a serious signal of school overload.

How to protect the student from educational overload? The solution to this issue directly depends on the sensitivity and attentiveness of the parents. A timely reaction to changes in the baby's health can save him from many dangers in the future.

These and other questions are answered by an honorary worker of general education, a teacher of the highest category, a laureate of the Moscow Grant award in the field of science and technology in the field of education.

"AiF": - How should a child rest? Can I watch TV or play computer games after school?

Olga Kholodova: - The correct rest of the child, whether he is a third grader or a fifth grader, must necessarily begin with a walk (at least 1.5 hours). Then, from 15.00 to 17.00, the child does homework, every half an hour, be sure to do exercises for the eyes. From 18 to 19 hours, it is advisable to take a walk again, and then no more than 30-40 minutes, either a computer or a TV. And be sure to read before bed.

"AiF": - What if the teacher is not objective in relation to the child? Change school?

OH.: - What do you mean, the teacher does not put marks objectively? Not objectively, is it from a parental point of view, or from the point of view of standards for assessing the quality of a student's knowledge?

Changing schools does not always lead to the fact that the child has an interest in learning. It seems to me that it is best in such a situation to talk with the child's class teacher and ask her to help sort out the situation.

"AiF": - If a child really likes a certain subject, should he be transferred to a specialized school or class?

OH.: - It's great that the child is very interested in something. If a child likes mathematics in elementary school, it is not yet known whether he will like theorems and trigonometric formulas. It seems to me that one should not rush, it is advisable to decide by the 6th grade, but for now, so that interest does not disappear, you can solve additional tasks with the child from various collections designed to prepare for olympiads and marathons.

"AiF": - Is it possible to somehow develop the imagination of a child? After all, it plays an important role in writing essays.

OH.: - Imagination and the ability to write essays are not the same thing. Yes, there are various techniques for developing imagination in children. And to develop the ability to write essays, it is necessary, first of all, to read a lot of classical works and not only from the school curriculum, often express your own opinions on various issues, not be afraid to have your own opinion, but be sure to be able to defend it convincingly and know the basic rules for writing a school essay .

"AiF": - If a child constantly complains about the teacher - what to do in such a situation?

OH.: - Talk to the parents of other children who study with this teacher and if they also talk about the teacher's similar behavior in the classroom, then first go to the teacher and talk to him, and if nothing changes, then to the head teacher.

"AiF": - What kind of motivation can be given to a child so that he studies well?

OH.: - Motivation is a way to do what you don't want to do. This thing is completely unnecessary if we like something. Motivation is the motor that turns the flywheel of human behavior.

Motivation is the force that a person applies to “himself” in order to climb over (jump over, fly over) an obstacle. And an obstacle is a feeling of unwillingness to do something. As soon as motivation becomes stronger than reluctance, a person is ready for action. And the greater this difference, the more enthusiasm he shows. Each person has their own most successful ways of motivation, and what is acceptable for one person may not be acceptable for another. It can be very difficult to get a person to do something, but you can motivate him to do it. Try not to force your child to study well, but to define together with him what it means to study well. Is only "5" an indicator of "good study"?

"AiF": - How to find a balance between the basic and additional education of the child?

OH.: - First, try to talk with your child about what he likes the most from extra activities and, most importantly, why he wants to do it. Try to decide together what in later life can be useful to him the most?

It can be explained that “everything at once” is not always good. For example, dancing can be learned at an older age, and it is better to study a foreign language in depth in high school, and spoken English is enough in elementary school. Bans won't solve anything. The child must learn to understand why something needs to be done, what efforts to make for this and be able to make the right conscious choice.

Instruction

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Helpful advice

During the rest, you should not abuse the long sitting on the Internet, computer games and alcohol. They negatively affect the body and can lead to even more overwork.

One of the main skills that help a person to be active is the rational use of one's own strength. This skill is especially important for schoolchildren, because they need to attend a large number of lessons and do a considerable amount of homework.

Instruction

If you want to spend the upcoming school day productively and easily, you need to prepare for it in advance. After returning from class, do not put off homework for later, it is better to do it right after you have a snack. When you come across a particularly difficult problem or equation, don't sit over her watch, ask your parents for help, or call someone who is more knowledgeable about the subject. After that, do something interesting: take a walk with friends, go rollerblading or cycling, listen to your favorite music.

Get to bed on time. For a good rest, a person needs to sleep at least 9-10 hours a day, so do not sit up in front of the TV and computer until late. Only a good sleep will keep you active throughout the next working day.

Do not neglect regular exercises and water procedures in the morning. A complex of elementary physical exercises will not take you more than 3, but it will provide a charge of positive emotions and significantly strengthen your strength.

Do not repeat homework during recess. Rest between classes, go out and walk the hallways, chat with friends about non-scholastic topics. If possible, you can go outside and get some fresh air. A surge of oxygen to your brain will make your head think faster and easier.

When recess is over, quietly go in and sit down. During the lesson, keep your back straight and your shoulders back. Don't lie down on the desk. This is not only uncultured, but also greatly harms your posture and vision. If the teacher says something, do not draw in a notebook, it is better to take a relaxed pose, let your hands rest a little.

Do not forget to feed your strength in a timely manner. Be sure to eat in the school cafeteria. Remember, it's better to eat a full meal than to chew on candy and chocolate every break.

Keep a positive attitude, go to school in a good mood, believe in yourself. The ability to properly organize your time will be very useful to you in the future.

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Sources:

• Techniques to help you not get tired in the classroom

Studying promises students and schoolchildren active and hard mental work, from which you need to be able to relax. And the best rest is, as you know, a cardinal change of activity. It turns out that in order to take a break from mental work, you do not need to teach, count, or memorize.

Instruction

During study, not only the brain, eyes, but also the body of the student gets tired. Therefore, the best rest will be an active pastime. And this concept means a lot: it can be a short-term warm-up at home, constant sports in the section, jogging in the forest or at the stadium, active outdoor games, and even just walking through the streets. All these types of recreation have a beneficial effect on the brain, keep the body in good shape, help to relax and be distracted. In addition, even after short-term sports, the proportion of endorphins, the hormones of happiness, increases in the body. And this means that a good mood after vigorous activity is provided, you can start studying with renewed vigor.

A good way to relax is a change of scenery. If a student has seen only the walls of his house, university and library for a whole week, you can’t stay at home and. You need to get to a new place so that the brain can switch to a different environment. For this, both outdoor recreation and trips to the theater or museum, visiting entertainment events are suitable. You can combine an active holiday with a change of scenery and visit a disco or a nightclub. However, it’s still not worth getting carried away with such institutions: they are not so cheap for those who don’t have money yet, but they also draw in well and distract from the student’s main activity - good study.

Meetings with friends, parties and games are great distractions from problems and everyday affairs. You can get together in a fun company on a weekday and on holidays, just do not forget about the duties and accumulated tasks, term papers or tests. Spending time with friends is a must, but such entertainment sometimes captivates too much.

Another type of mental activity can also help the brain to relax and unwind. This may especially appeal to those students who prefer home gatherings to noisy parties in bars and clubs. Reading a book, watching a movie, doing jigsaw puzzles, or doing crafts is a great way to take your attention away from your studies and help you relax. Only 2-3 hours of such calm activities will help the tired body recover and return it to full activity.

Sleep is a great help to restore strength, so you don’t need to neglect it either. After all, it usually turns out that students or schoolchildren most often do not get enough sleep, get tired and therefore cannot concentrate on work. If you have free time, and behind many sleepless nights, it is best to just go to bed early.

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Schedule

It is necessary to plan his day together with the child. Be sure to alternate work and leisure. In no case should you leave the child to himself. Also, you do not need to free it from additional sections. A change of scenery is the best vacation, so mugs will only benefit the baby.

Full sleep

The child should rest after a busy hard day. If the baby does not have time to complete the lessons before going to bed, then it is better for parents to agree with the teacher, but in no case should they deprive the child of precious hours of sleep. A student needs about 10 hours of sleep. And if you manage to arrange another hour of daytime sleep, then it will be wonderful.

To breathe fresh air

You need to walk every day and absolutely in any weather, be it heat or frost. During a walk, one of the parents needs to ventilate the house. In 20 minutes of such a walk, the child will improve not only his well-being, but also his mood.

Multivitamins

Vitamins are needed by people of all ages. Immunity depends on them, especially during an exacerbation of SARS. Before buying multivitamins, you should consult with your doctor.

TV and computer restrictions

This problem is very relevant in almost every family. Parents should not go on about the child and allow many hours to spend in front of the monitor. Be sure to watch what games or films the student is interested in. Horrors and action movies can adversely affect not only sleep, but also the nervous system. It is desirable that the child does not have the opportunity to sit in front of the monitor before going to bed or before doing homework. It can also be used as a reward or motivation.

Rest on vacation

It often happens that children are given a lot of work during the holidays. Perhaps this is enough and you should no longer try to load the child. Many parents hire tutors, but don't. The child will resist and hate learning even more. It is better to spend these savings on a change of scenery and departure to the sea.

Communication

You need to talk to the child. You have to ask about his desires. Maybe he does not want to go to circles and sections imposed on him, and his parents simply force him? It is important to know what the child wants, what is interesting to him, and not to his parents. If parents do everything right and listen to their child, then perhaps he will become happier and then all problems will be solved by themselves.

Studying in primary school is not fun, but real work! A child gets tired at school the way a worker gets tired after spending a whole day at the machine. The child needs rest. And what is it?

Why do kids get tired

A child of 7-8 years old by nature cannot withstand prolonged mental stress. Just imagine how the world of a child changes with the transition to school life. Even yesterday's baby is forced to perceive new information, memorize it, analyze, systematize, and even a small schoolboy must sit still for 45 minutes. It's just torture for a child. Children need games, in fact, they are the leading activity until the age of 10. However, the reality is that it will not work all the time. That is why we need to think about how to diversify the leisure time of a small student.

We relieve fatigue after school correctly

1. Full daytime sleep. It is extremely important. Agree, even you will not refuse to take a little nap after a working day. It is impossible to neglect the daytime sleep of frequently ill children, as well as schoolchildren with a weak nervous system. Constant wakefulness will lead to overexcitation, resulting in a decrease in concentration, a weakening of memory, and an increase in nervousness.
2. Reading fairy tales. For the child to be able to relax, he must be surrounded by something pleasant. What could be better than a fairy tale. You can listen to audio recordings, you can read aloud to your child. Just do not offer your child to read for himself, because it will not be relaxation, but work.
3. Walk with outdoor games. Such a rest will be appreciated by little choleric children, bright and active children, who constantly have to direct their seething energy somewhere. Forced inactivity for them is the worst punishment, therefore, moving, they rest.
4. Creative activities. An option for closed boys and girls who find it difficult to share their experiences or express feelings. Sculpting, drawing or other handiwork will help you express your emotions and express yourself, resting your nervous system. The subject matter can be anything. If you notice that your child is upset about something after school, invite him to portray what led to sadness.
5. Communication with a friend, brother, sister or parents. If a child does not have good friends in the class, then for him meeting with loved ones is a rest from the society of strangers. This type of leisure will be especially valuable for children who stay after school in an extended day group. Spend time together, have picnics, just sit and be silent side by side, do household chores. It doesn't matter what you do, the main thing is together!

If the child is tired after school, accept it. Some parents believe that the best vacation will be a sharp change in activity. Children go to sports sections, to music lessons, as a result of which the workload doubles, fatigue accumulates. Everything is good in moderation: some need it, some don't. Focus on your student, not the neighbor's son.

If you are a caring parent who is always concerned about the health and well-being of your child, then you should definitely pay attention to the child's rest. This is especially true for children studying in primary and secondary schools - at an early age, it is very difficult for children to cope with the school curriculum, all kinds of pedagogical and emotional stress.

Children's doctors warn negligent parents who, for one reason or another, do not provide their children with full-fledged leisure after school, but leave them to themselves - often these children become depressed, their health and mood deteriorate, academic performance drops sharply - sometimes these problems are desktop neglected, that only child psychologists can solve them. To avoid such unpleasant consequences of improper rest, you should devote more time to the leisure of your child.

School-age children need both physical and emotional rest after school. However, this does not mean that children should be left to their own devices. Rest after school should be not only full-fledged, but also developing - do not leave your baby alone with a TV or computer, it is better to put aside all your worries and play simple relaxing games, board games or read books. Of course, at first the child will be against such leisure, but soon he will like such activities.

You can involve the child in cooking, this is both a useful activity and help for the mother, and a joint exciting pastime. And most importantly, a jointly prepared dish will be doubly delicious. When it becomes a good tradition, you can let your child choose what you will cook for lunch or dinner today. You can find on the Internet easy-to-cook dishes with step-by-step descriptions or videos on YouTube, and in this way you diversify the family menu, learn something new yourself and instill useful skills in your child.

If you dream of raising a future champion from your child, then primary school age is the time when you should enroll in sports sections. Today, there are practically no problems with the work schedule of such institutions - no matter what shift your child studies, he will always have time for gymnastics, athletics, swimming, etc. However, you should not take your children to the first section that comes across - excessive loads and non-pedagogical approach can only hurt.

If your child does not show interest in sports or his health condition does not allow him to run, jump and swim for a long time under the instructions of a coach, then it is highly recommended to spend at least an hour with children in the fresh air - walks and simple active games will help the baby relax and distract from the school load . On weekends, try to diversify your child's leisure time to the maximum - take him to museums and exhibitions, visit an amusement park and a zoo, go to the cinema for a children's show, etc.

You should take a break from the school load not only during the school year, but also during the holidays - try to spend this time for the benefit of the child. For example, a child's summer holidays allow him to go on a long and exciting journey, where he can get acquainted with new varieties of flora and fauna, learn how to use a compass and a map, be independent and responsive to other people's problems.