Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

style

stylistics, pl. no, w. (lingu., lit.).

The doctrine of the expressive means of language. Speech style.

Department of the theory of literature about the means and techniques of artistic speech.

The totality of artistic means of the language of a certain. literary work, writer, literary school, era. Gogol's style. Romantic style of the first quarter of the 19th century.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

style

And, well. The science of the style or styles of language and artistic speech. S. Russian literary language.

adj. stylistic, th, th. C. analysis.

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

style

A scientific discipline that studies the features of the language and style of works of fiction.

A branch of linguistics that deals with the study of the expressive means of a language.

The totality of expressive means and methods of their use, characteristic of any. a work of art, a writer, an actor, etc.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

style

a branch of linguistics that studies the system of language styles, language norms and ways of using the literary language in various conditions of linguistic communication, in different types and genres of writing, in various spheres of public life.

In literary criticism, stylistics is a section of theoretical poetics that studies artistic speech.

Stylistics

a branch of linguistics that studies the system of styles of a particular language, describes the norms (see Linguistic Norm) and ways of using the literary language in various conditions of linguistic communication, in various types and genres of writing, in various spheres of public life. S.'s subject is language in the broadest sense of the word (including speech as a form of language existence), but S. differs from other areas of linguistics by a special point of view on this subject, which is determined by its focus on the problem of "language and society" and questions of sociolinguistics. . S. explores ways of expressing that additional (stylistic) information that accompanies the main subject content of speech. In this regard, one of the main objects of S. is recognized as a system of synonymous means and possibilities of the language at all its levels. S. also studies the collective language norm of past periods of language development. These questions are dealt with by historical style, which seeks to establish not only the change in one or another style or stylistic coloration of the elements of a language, but above all the history of the stylistic system itself, the formation, formation, and development of stylistic varieties of a language, and the history of their interaction. S. distinguishes its principle of grouping linguistic material, which may not coincide with the division into vocabulary, phraseology, morphology, syntax. Of course, in S. the stylistic properties of individual levels of language can be studied and described, but the researcher has in mind the stylistic system of the language as a whole. S. of the modern literary language is not so much concerned with determining the stylistic properties of linguistic material, since they are perceived by native speakers of the literary language directly, intuitively, without special analysis of texts or statements, but with the study of the totality of stylistically colored elements of different styles of the language, identifying the norms for constructing texts from this material. In the stylistic study of previous stages in the development of a language, research proceeds from the analysis of texts, their composition and structure, to the determination of the stylistic properties of linguistic phenomena. At the same time, the role of statistical techniques for studying texts increases.

A special section of S. is the S. of fiction (artistic speech). Its specificity is determined by the originality of the object itself. Since the language of literature, having become a phenomenon of art, does not cease to be a language in the usual sense of the word, and the artistic functions of the facts of language in literature are determined, in particular, by their stylistic properties, it is natural that the style of artistic speech remains within the scope of the style of language as a linguistic discipline, uses the same concepts and categories, but is not limited to them when identifying the aesthetic function of language in literature. The art of fiction explores ways in which language can be used artistically, combining aesthetic and communicative functions in it, and how language becomes a work of art in literature. Features of a literary text, ways of constructing different types of author's narrative and methods of reflecting elements of speech of the described environment in it, ways of constructing a dialogue, functions of different stylistic layers of language in artistic speech, principles of selection of language means, their transformation in fiction, ways of updating such aspects of the language are revealed. , which are not essential in practical speech, etc. One of the tasks of historical writing in this regard is to analyze the relationship between the language of fiction and the general literary and vernacular language at various stages in the development of language and literature. This makes it possible to outline the links between the history of the literary language and the history of literature, to supplement such concepts as classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, and realism with proper linguistic characteristics. At the same time, the style of artistic speech seeks to reveal the aesthetic function of linguistic material in a particular artistic system, in its connections with other elements of this system. Therefore, in the style of fiction, the language of the writer and individual works of art become the most important subject of study, that is, the problem of individual style is brought to the fore. S. artistic speech borders on poetics. This contact outlines the boundaries of linguo-stylistic analysis; they are due to the fact that the concept of the artistic style of a literary work includes, in the words of V. M. Zhirmunsky, not only linguistic means (which constitute the subject of S. in the exact sense), but also themes, images, composition of the work, its artistic content, embodied in verbal means, but not limited to words. At the same time, not all linguistic features of the work are the subject of S. So, the study of the rhythm of a poetic text, the sound instrumentation of a verse belongs to the field of poetics.

Practical S. is an applied discipline that contains stylistic recommendations in accordance with the requirements of the culture of speech.

S.'s elements as a science were already incorporated in the ancient theories of language, the traditions of which were adopted by medieval philology; these traditions were reflected in Russian. rhetoric of the 17th ≈ early 19th centuries. An outstanding role in the history of S. of the Russian language of the 18th century. played the work of M. V. Lomonosov, and in the 19th century. works of A. A. Potebnya and A. N. Veselovsky. S. took shape as an independent scientific discipline in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in particular in the works of S. Bally, who developed the doctrine of the expressive means of language (on the emotional, social, and individual planes) as the main subject of S. Problems of S. in connection with the question of poetic speech was actively developed in Russian. science in the 10≈20s.

The works of V. M. Zhirmunsky and V. V. Vinogradov played an important role in the development of poetry and in the development of the sociological and historical-literary study of linguistic styles (in particular, his attempts to distinguish poetry from poetics and, within poetry, to distinguish between its various sections). : S. language, S. speech, S. fiction). A prominent place in the history of Russian. The pages are occupied by the works of L. V. Shcherba, B. A. Larin, L. A. Bulakhovsky, G. O. Vinokur, B. V. Tomashevsky, and others. as the most debatable questions are put forward about the nature of stylistic meaning, the principles of describing the functional styles of the language, the place of the language of fiction in the stylistic system of the literary language and the principles of its study, the problem of individual style, the role of statistical methods, etc.

Lit .: Voloshinov V. N., Marxism and Philosophy of Language, L., 1929; Vinokur G. O., Culture of language, 2nd ed., M., 1929; his own, Fav. works on the Russian language, M., 1959; Vinogradov V. V., Results of the discussion of questions of stylistics, "Issues of Linguistics", 1955, ╧1; his own, Stylistics. Theory of poetic speech. Poetics, M., 1963; his same e, On the theory of artistic speech, M., 1971; Bally Sh., French style, trans. from French, Moscow, 1961; Koseriu E., Synchrony, diachrony and history, in the book: New in linguistics, v. 3, M., 1963; Shmelev D.N., Word and Image, M., 1964; Gelgardt R. R., Izbr. articles, Kalinin, 1967; Kozhina M.N., On the foundations of functional stylistics, Perm, 1968; Efimov A. I., Stylistics of the Russian language, M., 1969; Fedorov A. V., Essays on general and comparative stylistics, M., 1971: Questions of stylistics, c. 1≈10, Saratov, 1962≈75; Questions of the language of modern Russian literature, M., 1971; Stylistic research, M., 1972; Rosenthal D. E., Practical stylistics of the Russian language, 3rd ed., M., 1974; Questions of statistical stylistics, K., 1974; Mukařovsky J., Kapitoly z česke poetyky, dl I≈3, Praha, 1948; Guiraud P., La stylistique, 3rd ed., P., 1961; Style in language, ed. by Thomas A. Sebeok, N. Y. ≈ L., 1960; Poetics. Poetyka. Poetics, Warsz., 1961; Seidler H., Aligemeine Stilistik, Gott., 1963; Havranek B., Studie about spisovnem jazyce, Praha, 1963. See also lit. under the articles Poetics, Style.

Wikipedia

Stylistics

Stylistics- a philological discipline, a section of linguistics that studies the principles of choice and methods of organizing language units into a single semantic and compositional whole and their system, which are not the same for different conditions of linguistic communication.

According to the textbook of the Russian language, Stylistics - the doctrine of the means of linguistic expressiveness and the conditions for their use in speech - and the culture of speech.

Until now, the subject and tasks of stylistics remain a controversial issue.

There is, but is not completely generally accepted, the division of stylistics into literary and linguistic. Linguistic considers functional styles of speech, literary study studies the system of images, plot, plot, etc. in a separate work.

B. V. Tomashevsky wrote: “Stylistics is a connecting discipline between linguistics and literary criticism.”

Stylistics (disambiguation)

• Stylistics is a philological discipline
• Stylistics is the science of speech styles.

Examples of the use of the word stylistics in literature.

Aleshkovsky's narratives are remarkable, however, in that their author takes the next logical step, adding to the above combination style going back to prison bunks.

She has accumulated many of her own valuable ideas in the field of phonetics, phonology, morphemic, morphonology, word formation, morphology, syntax, lexicology, phraseology, semantics, pragmatics, stylistics, text linguistics, applied linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, etc.

Only such monophonic phenomena are accessible to that superficial linguistic style, which until now, with all its linguistic value in artistic creativity, is only able to register traces and deposits of artistic tasks unknown to it on the verbal periphery of works.

The opera is of an oratorio character, the role of modern choral writing techniques, combined with style folk songs.

And if today's baby has a nanny, then she is the main TV viewer in the family, and her folklore lulls are heavily inspired by television programs and colored by them. style.

Alexander Ivanov in style experimental theaters, in which improvisation, or the etude method, is taken as the main style of production.

If only there was talent, a special creative zest in the mind, in the fingers, in the ear, one has only to take something from fiction, something from reality, something from sadness, something from dirt, level it all like children shovel level the sand, decorate style and imagination, like icing on a pastry cake, and the deed is done, everything is saved, the meaninglessness of life, the vanity of suffering, loneliness, torment, sticky sickening fear - are transformed by the harmony of art.

Like all great modernists, Kafka entered the world literature thanks to a combination of a new vision of the world, the deepest philosophy and unique style.

He announces style an important but linguistically unstated discipline.

It seemed to me that a man who had thought for years and decades on questions and stylistics, and poetics, and the theory of verse, has every reason to let in one ear, and let out in the other fleeting observations on the word of his former student, by this time already deliberately departed from broad philology and literary criticism in particular and turned to pure linguistics.

The subject of contention was the weaver Malanya, whose fiery eyes and sable eyebrows Lovetsky described already in style Gogol's - reduced in accordance with the mental horizon of the intended reader.

Stylistics existence together is freed from the traditional prescriptions of matrimonial leadership and quite definitely enters the context of the art of matrimonial relationship, the doctrine of sexual monopoly and, finally, the aesthetics of mutual pleasure.

In this case, the comparison contains a transparent reference to style novels by Jules Verne, also not very related to Bluebeard.

Possessing an amazing knowledge of the handwriting of the Korleva and her stylistics, capable of performing these amazing falsifications like no one else, he, unfortunately, decided to carry out fakes, the perfection of which is really confusing - the handwriting is so accurately repeated in them, with such penetration into the essence of the character of the correspondent the style is reproduced, with such knowledge of history thought out every detail.

Thanks to this, Cowley's reviews converge in style with fiction genres and turn into fascinating reading.

STYLISTICS STYLISTICS -1) a section of linguistics that studies the system of language styles, language norms and ways of using the literary language in various conditions of linguistic communication, in different types and genres of writing, in various spheres of public life. 2) In literary criticism, stylistics is called a section of theoretical poetics that studies artistic speech.

Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. 2000 .

Synonyms:

See what "STYLISTICS" is in other dictionaries:

Stylistics- STYLISTICS is the science of style and styles (see this word). In terms of the composition of the material included in it, stylistics largely coincides with linguistics, since the bearer of style is language. But in its part, it undoubtedly goes beyond the limits of language, ... ... Dictionary of literary terms

- (new lat., from stilus style). The science of style or style. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. STYLISTICS Novolatinsk. from stilus, style. The science of the syllable. Explanation of 25,000 foreign words included in ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

STYLISTICS, stylistics, pl. no, female (ling., lit.). 1. The doctrine of the expressive means of language. Speech style. 2. Department of the theory of literature about the means and techniques of artistic speech. 3. The totality of the artistic means of the language ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

style- and, well. stylistique f. , German Stylistics. 1. The doctrine of speech styles. ALS 1. The style of colloquial speech. Ush. 1940. 2. Department of the theory of literature, studying the styles of literary and artistic works. ALS 1. Grammarians and rhetoricians involved in ... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

Modern Encyclopedia

STYLISTICS, and, wives. The science of the style or styles of language and artistic speech. S. Russian literary language. | adj. stylistic, oh, oh. C. analysis. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Exist., number of synonyms: 5 linguistic stylistics (1) literature (12) stylostatistics ... Synonym dictionary

Stylistics of L. STYLISTICS of L. as the ratio and interconnection of various types of “small figurativeness” of tropes and stylistic. figures with features of individual lermont. style has not yet been the subject of a focused literary criticism. analysis, although... Lermontov Encyclopedia

STYLISTICS- STYLISTICS. A branch of linguistics that studies the patterns of using language tools in the communication process. In a practical language course, classes in S. are reduced to familiarizing students with functional styles and features ... ... A new dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of teaching languages)

Stylistics- STYLISTICS, 1) a section of linguistics that studies the system of language styles, language norms and ways of using the literary language in various conditions of linguistic communication, in different types and genres of writing. 2) In literary criticism, a section of theoretical ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

• Stylistics of one-phrase text. On the material of Russian, French, English and German languages, E. M. Beregovskaya. "The style of a one-phrase text" by Eda Moiseevna Beregovskaya is a study of "a text in an extreme situation" (as defined by V. G. Gak). The author invites us to "stand on the edge, look ...

Stylistics - what is it? You will receive the answer to the question asked from the materials of the presented article. In addition, we will tell you about the categories and sections of stylistics that exist in Russian, and consider in detail the styles and techniques of English.

General information

Stylistics is a section of linguistics, or a philological discipline that studies completely different conditions and principles for choosing language communication, as well as methods for organizing language units. In addition, the section defines differences in the presented principles, ways of using styles.

There is the following division of such a philological discipline as stylistics: these are literary and linguistic sections. However, it should be noted that the named subtypes are not officially recognized.

Thus, the linguistic section of stylistics considers all functional styles of speech, while the literary section studies plots, a system of images, plot, etc. in a single work.

One cannot but say that the practical style of the Russian language is quite closely connected with other sections of the course of this school subject. In this regard, it will not work to study it separately from grammar and theoretical lexicology. After all, they serve as a kind of basis for characterizing language means.

Main categories

Now you know what style is. This is a special branch of linguistics, which has the following categories:

Main sections

The main sections of the presented discipline are:

• theoretical style;
• stylistics (or the so-called stylistics of resources);
• practical style;
• stylistics of the varieties of the use of the Russian language (or the so-called functional section).

Linguistic style

As mentioned above, stylistics in the Russian language is unofficially divided into literary and linguistic. The latter is a whole science of speech styles. She studies the various possibilities of language, namely: expressive, communicative, evaluative, cognitive, emotional and functional. Let's consider it in more detail. After all, it is precisely this possibility of the Russian language that is given the most time in the secondary school curriculum.

Functional speech styles

Russian stylistics clearly articulates the requirements for In this regard, it is extremely necessary to know that our native language has five main styles, namely:

To get an idea of ​​each, let's look at them in more detail.

scientific style

This style of speech is characterized by a number of such features as a monologue, preliminary reflection, the strictest selection of language techniques and statements, as well as normalized speech. As a rule, such texts fully and accurately explain all the facts, show all the causal and investigative relationships between certain phenomena, identify patterns, etc.

Conversational style

Such a functional style of speech serves for informal or informal communication. It is characterized by the exchange of information on everyday issues, the expression of their thoughts or feelings. It should be noted that for such speech is often used

Journalistic style

It is especially often used in various articles, essays, reports, feuilletons, interviews, during, etc. It is almost always used to influence people through magazines, newspapers, radio, television, booklets, posters, etc. It is characterized by solemn vocabulary, phraseology , emotionally colored words, as well as verbless phrases, the use of short sentences, "chopped" prose, rhetorical questions, repetitions, exclamations, etc.

Formal business style

This is a style of speech that is actively used in the field of official relations (law, international relations, the military industry, economics, advertising, government activities, communication in official institutions, etc.).

Art style

This style of speech is used in fiction. It quite strongly affects the feelings and imagination of the reader, fully conveys the thoughts of the author, and also uses all the richness of vocabulary, is characterized by the emotionality of speech and imagery. It should be noted that other styles can be used in it.

Stylistics as a discipline

As mentioned above, such a section is mandatory included in the school curriculum. However, a few hours of study is not enough to fully explore the features. That is why the curriculum of some higher educational institutions with a humanitarian bias includes such a course as “Stylistics and literary editing”. Its purpose is to familiarize with the general theoretical issues of this discipline, as well as to develop practical skills in working with a specific text.

Stylistics of the English language

In order to achieve the highest possible level of proficiency in a particular foreign language, it is not enough just to master the basic grammar rules, as well as learn several hundred or thousand words. After all, it is extremely important to master a special art - "speaking". To do this, in your speech it is necessary to apply not only all kinds of stylistic devices, but also to know how to use certain styles of speech correctly.

What exist in English?

Having reached an average level of English proficiency, I want to improve more and more. But for this it is necessary to learn to understand and feel a foreign language well. As a rule, this is done through comparison and analysis. Let's look at together what stylistic devices are used in English:

Speech styles in English

As in Russian, speech styles in English differ not only in expressive means and techniques, but also in general specifics. Let's consider them in more detail.

So, in English there are the following styles of speech:

• Free, or so-called colloquial style. It differs in rather pronounced deviations from accepted norms and is divided into 2 subgroups: familiar-colloquial and literary-colloquial.
• Newspaper-information style. Designed for objective transmission of events (in written or oral speech). This style is not inherent in the subjective nature or emotional evaluation.
• Official business. All important documents and all business correspondence are based on this style.
• Scientific and technical. This style is characterized by consistency and logic.
• Art. This style is used in literary works. It is characterized by subjectivity, emotionality, the use of phraseological units, expressive means, as well as detailed and complex sentences.

Stylistics - there are resources of linguistics that have the main subject of style in all its linguistic meanings of this term, i.e. the use of speech acts as a functional Stylistics is the science of language and speech, which studies the language means of all levels from the v. sp. their expressive capabilities and the most expedient and socially accepted use of them, depending on the goals, conditions and characteristics of communication, as well as the stylistic differentiation of the modern literary language and the stylistic design of various genres of speech. Linguistic stylistics: - functional stylistics, - resource stylistics, - practical stylistics.

We understand stylistics as a section of the science of language, the doctrine of available styles of speech (the concept of style of speech is used here conditionally, in a sense different from the literary term "style", and denotes here only various types, types of speech, determined by the conditions, situation and purpose of the message and differing in the language means used in them or in the degree of their use). The task of stylistics is, therefore, to distinguish between these styles and to establish the linguistic specificity of each of them.

V.V. Vinogradov wrote that stylistics includes three circles of studies that are mutually contiguous and intersect:

Language stylistics (studies the facts of stylistic emphasis and stylistic belonging of words, phraseological units, a special stylistic function of grammatical forms, syntactic constructions, as well as functional styles of the language, their interaction and coexistence in the language);

Stylistics of speech (studies the variety of genre-situational styles);

Stylistics of fiction, or individual stylistics (studies the specifics of the speech of works of art, individual author's styles of individual writers and poets (idiostyles), features of the style of literary movements).

One of the founders of stylistics as a science, Balli also spoke of three stylistics, but in a completely different way: he singled out

General style (explores the stylistic problems of speech activity in general);

Private stylistics (explores the stylistics of a particular national language);

Individual style (explores the expressive features of the speech of individual individuals).

As we can see, any stylistics is engaged in integral speech formations and goes to the level of the text, thus becoming the stylistics of the text and merging with the linguistics (theory) of the text.

If there is a stylistics of a certain national language, then it can be compared with the stylistics of another language. Thus, we can talk about comparative stylistics, which has practical and theoretical aspects. Practical stylistics studies the choices, preferences that a speaker must make when moving from one language to another when teaching or translating. Observations on the choice of individual forms lead to generalizations, which are formulated as rules of stylistics: they are studied by theoretical stylistics.

Recently, they have begun to talk about gender stylistics, that is, the presence of trends in the use of certain forms depending on the gender of the native speaker. Thus, feminist theorists say that they use language to construct themselves as women, to create their femininity.

Stylistics- a branch of the science of language that studies the styles of language and styles of speech, as well as figurative and expressive means.

Style(from the Greek stylos - writing stick) - a way of verbal expression of thoughts, a syllable. The style is characterized by features in the selection, combination and organization of language means in connection with the tasks of communication.

functional style- this is a subsystem (variety) of the literary language, which has a certain sphere of functioning and has stylistically significant (marked) linguistic means.

The following functional styles are distinguished:

- conversational style;

- scientific style;

- official business style;

- journalistic style;

- the style of fiction.

scientific style

Scientific style is the language of science. The most common specific feature of this style of speech is consistency of presentation. A scientific text is distinguished by its emphasized, strict logic: all parts in it are rigidly connected in meaning and are arranged strictly sequentially; conclusions follow from the facts presented in the text.

Another typical feature of the scientific style of speech is accuracy. Semantic accuracy (unambiguity) is achieved by careful selection of words, the use of words in their direct meaning, the wide use of terms and special vocabulary.

abstraction and generalization certainly permeate every scientific text. Therefore, abstract concepts are widely used here, which are difficult to imagine, see, feel. In such texts, there are often words with an abstract meaning, for example: emptiness, speed, time, strength, quantity, quality, law, number, limit; formulas, symbols, symbols, graphs, tables, diagrams, diagrams, drawings are often used.

The scientific style is predominantly written, but oral forms (report, message, lecture) are also possible. The main genres of scientific style are monograph, article, theses, lecture, etc.

Journalistic style

The purpose of the journalistic style of speech is informing, the transfer of socially significant information with a simultaneous impact on the reader, listener, convincing him of something, instilling in him certain ideas, views, inducing him to certain actions, actions.

The scope of the journalistic style of speech is socio-economic, political, cultural relations.

Genres of journalism- an article in a newspaper, magazine, essay, reportage, interview, feuilleton, oratorical speech, judicial speech, speech on radio, television, at a meeting, report.
The journalistic style of speech is characterized by logicality, figurativeness, emotionality, appraisal, appeal and their corresponding language tools. It widely uses socio-political vocabulary, various types of syntactic constructions.

Formal business style

The official business style of speech is used in the field of legal relations, service, production.

The main style features of the official business style are:

a) accuracy, not allowing any other interpretation;
b) non-personal character;
c) standardization, stereotyping of the construction of the text;
d) obligatory-prescriptive character.

Accuracy formulations for legislative texts is manifested primarily in the use of special terminology, in the unambiguity of non-terminological vocabulary. A typical feature of business speech is the limited possibilities of synonymous replacement; repetition of the same words, mostly terms.

impersonal character business speech is expressed in the fact that it lacks the forms of verbs of the 1st and 2nd person and personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person, and the forms of the 3rd person of the verb and pronoun are often used in an indefinite personal meaning .

In official documents, due to the peculiarity of the wording, there is almost no narration and description.

All documents are devoid of emotionality, expressiveness, so we will not find pictorial means of language in them.

Conversational style

Conversational speech is the basis of conversational style. The main function of the conversational style is communication ( communication), and its main form is oral.

As part of the colloquial style, a literary and colloquial style is distinguished, using generally accepted words that correspond to the norms of the literary language, and a colloquial vernacular variety, which is characterized by words and phrases that deviate from literary norms, having a tinge of stylistic reduction.

The written form of the conversational style is realized in the epistolary genre (private letters, personal correspondence, as well as diary entries).

Art style

Artistic style is a tool of artistic creativity and combines the language means of all other styles of speech. However, in the artistic style, these visual means play a special role: the purpose of their use is aesthetic and emotional impact on the reader.

Fiction allows the use of colloquial, dialectal words and expressions, and even vulgarisms. The language of fiction uses the whole variety of figurative and expressive means (metaphor, epithet, antithesis, hyperbole, etc.).

The choice of language means depends on the individuality of the author, theme, idea of ​​the work, genre. A word in a literary text can acquire new shades of meaning.

plays an important role in literary text ambiguity.

The main goal of the artistic style is to create artistic images by means of language, therefore, pictorial, emotionally colored turns of speech are widely used in fiction.

The desire for vivid imagery makes the authors avoid speech stencils, patterns, look for new options and forms to express thoughts.

The artistic style is characterized by a variety of genres, stylistic means and techniques.

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