Linden alley in Berlin. Unter den Linden - Berlin's main boulevard

Unter den Linden - the famous Berlin boulevard "under the lindens"

Category: Berlin

Unter den Linden is rightly called the most beautiful, most luxurious boulevard in Berlin. At the same time, it is one of the most famous streets in the world. After all, it is here, “under the lindens” (as its name is translated from German), that the most famous sights of the German capital are located. Walking along the boulevard is a pleasure; tourists often associate it with Broadway. And the walk itself, if you set out to walk Unter den Linden from edge to edge, will be quite long: the length of the street is 1 km 390 m, and the maximum width is 60 meters. No wonder the writer Mark Twain called it "three streets in one."

How the riding path became a boulevard

In the second half of the 17th century, Friedrich Wilhelm I ruled in Brandenburg. The great elector was an avid hunter and rode horseback to his lands in the Tiergarten. However, the riding path chosen by the monarch did not differ in particular aesthetics and made a gloomy impression on him with some kind of dullness and desolation. To give the street more "gaiety", Friedrich ordered to plant lime and walnut trees here, 1000 pieces of each type. As a result, a magnificent alley in six rows was formed. It happened in 1647, and it is this date that is considered to be the “birthday” of the famous Unter den Linden boulevard.

A little-known fact: the Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Federal Republic of Germany is also located on Unter den Linden (Berlin's Mitte district), occupying several buildings from the early 50s of the last century, recognized as architectural monuments in the country.

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: 52°31′01″ s. sh. 13°23′21″ in. d. / 52.51694° N sh. 13.38917° E d./ 52.51694; 13.38917(G) (I)

The length of the street is 1390 meters, the maximum width is 60 meters. The street goes from the Brandenburg Gate and Paris Square east to the river Spree, where Unter den Linden is replaced by Friedrich Wilhelm Street, renamed after World War II into the GDR in Karl-Liebknecht-Straße (German. Karl Liebknecht Strasse).

Story

Lindens appeared on the site of the modern boulevard in 1647 on the orders of Friedrich Wilhelm. On this road the "Great Elector" rode on horseback from the royal palace to his hunting grounds in the Tiergarten. 1,000 linden trees and 1,000 walnut trees formed an alley in six rows. In 1770, Frederick II decided to build up the alley with front buildings. For this, 44 houses were demolished, which did not meet the ideas of the elector. In their place, 33 mansions for the highest nobility and spacious houses for wealthy citizens were built. The dusty road turned into an elegant street that became the hallmark of the Prussian capital.

The western part of the street, running from the Brandenburg Gate to the west and passing through the Great Tiergarten park, is now called June 17 Street in memory of the tragic events in the GDR on June 17, 1953 (the suppression of a popular uprising by the communists).

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“In fact, I don’t know a more majestic view than the one that opens from the bridge towards the limes; one splendid building crowds another here.”, - wrote Heinrich Heine, who studied jurisprudence in Berlin in 1823.
Leonid Utyosov's song "On Unter den Linden" is dedicated to the life of Berliners during the Great Patriotic War - from the beginning of the campaign to the east to the devastating bombardments.
Impressed by Unter den Linden, the Tatar and Bashkir poet Nazar Najmi, who visited Berlin during the Great Patriotic War, wrote the poem "Ufa Limes" (tat. Ufa yukalare), which formed the basis of the song performed by Alsou.
One of the paintings by Konstantin Vasiliev is called "The sky over Unter den Linden".

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An excerpt characterizing Unter den Linden

Although none of the column commanders drove up to the ranks and did not speak with the soldiers (the column commanders, as we saw at the military council, were out of sorts and dissatisfied with the work being undertaken, and therefore only carried out orders and did not care to amuse the soldiers), despite On top of that, the soldiers went merrily, as always, going into action, especially in the offensive. But, after passing through a dense fog for about an hour, most of the troops had to stop, and an unpleasant consciousness of disorder and confusion swept through the ranks. How this consciousness is transmitted is very difficult to determine; but what is certain is that it is conveyed with unusual fidelity and quickly overflows, imperceptibly and uncontrollably, like water down a hollow. If the Russian army had been alone, without allies, then, perhaps, a long time would have passed before this consciousness of disorder would become a general confidence; but now, with particular pleasure and naturalness, attributing the cause of the disturbances to the stupid Germans, everyone was convinced that a harmful confusion was taking place, which the sausage workers had done.
- What have become then? Al blocked? Or did you stumble upon a Frenchman?
- No, don't hear it. And then he would start firing.
- Then they hurried to speak, but they spoke - they stood uselessly in the middle of the field - all the damned Germans confuse. Eki stupid devils!
- Then I would let them go ahead. And then, I suppose, they huddle behind. Now stop and don't eat.
- Yes, will it be there soon? The cavalry, they say, blocked the road, - said the officer.
“Oh, the damned Germans, they don’t know their land,” said another.
What division are you? shouted the adjutant as he drove up.
- Eighteenth.
"So why are you here?" you should have been ahead long ago, now you won’t get through until evening.
- These are stupid orders; they don’t know what they are doing,” the officer said and drove off.
Then a general drove by and angrily shouted something not in Russian.
“Tafa lafa, and what he mumbles, you can’t make out anything,” the soldier said, mimicking the general who had left. “I would have shot them, scoundrels!”
- At the ninth hour it was ordered to be on the spot, but we didn’t get even half. Here are the orders! – repeated from different sides.
And the feeling of energy with which the troops went into action began to turn into annoyance and anger at the stupid orders and at the Germans.
The reason for the confusion was that during the movement of the Austrian cavalry, marching on the left flank, the higher authorities found that our center was too far from the right flank, and the entire cavalry was ordered to move to the right side. Several thousand cavalry advanced ahead of the infantry, and the infantry had to wait.
Ahead there was a clash between an Austrian column leader and a Russian general. The Russian general shouted, demanding that the cavalry be stopped; the Austrian argued that it was not he who was to blame, but the higher authorities. Meanwhile, the troops stood, bored and discouraged. After an hour's delay, the troops finally moved on and began to descend downhill. The mist that dispersed on the mountain only spread thicker in the lower parts, where the troops descended. Ahead, in the fog, one shot, another shot rang out, at first awkwardly at different intervals: draft ... tat, and then more and more smoothly and more often, and the affair began over the Goldbach River.
Not expecting to meet the enemy below over the river and accidentally stumbling upon him in the fog, not hearing a word of inspiration from the highest commanders, with the consciousness spreading through the troops that it was too late, and, most importantly, in thick fog not seeing anything ahead and around them, the Russians lazily and slowly exchanged fire with the enemy, moved forward and stopped again, not receiving orders from the commanders and adjutants during the time, who wandered through the fog in an unfamiliar area, not finding their troops. Thus began the case for the first, second and third columns, which went down. The fourth column, with which Kutuzov himself was, stood on the Pratsen Heights.
There was still thick fog downstairs, where the action had begun, and it cleared up above, but nothing of what was going on ahead could be seen. Whether all the enemy forces were, as we assumed, ten miles away from us, or whether he was here, in this line of fog, no one knew until the ninth hour.
It was 9 o'clock in the morning. The fog spread like a solid sea along the bottom, but near the village of Shlapanitsa, at the height on which Napoleon stood, surrounded by his marshals, it was completely light. Above him was a clear, blue sky, and a huge ball of the sun, like a huge hollow crimson float, swayed on the surface of a milky sea of fog. Not only all the French troops, but Napoleon himself with his headquarters were not on the other side of the streams and the lower villages of Sokolnits and Shlapanits, behind which we intended to take a position and start the business, but on this side, so close to our troops that Napoleon with a simple eye could in our army to distinguish horse from foot. Napoleon stood a little ahead of his marshals on a small gray Arabian horse, in a blue greatcoat, in the same one in which he made the Italian campaign. He silently peered into the hills, which seemed to emerge from a sea of fog, and along which Russian troops were moving in the distance, and listened to the sounds of shooting in the hollow. At that time, his still thin face did not move a single muscle; shining eyes were fixed fixedly on one place. His guesses turned out to be correct. Part of the Russian troops had already descended into the hollow to the ponds and lakes, partly they were clearing those Pratsensky heights, which he intended to attack and considered the key to the position. In the midst of the fog, in the deepening made up by two mountains near the village of Prats, Russian columns were moving in the same direction towards the hollows, shining with bayonets, and one after another they were hiding in a sea of fog. According to the information he had received in the evening, from the sounds of wheels and steps heard at night at outposts, from the disorderly movement of Russian columns, according to all assumptions, he clearly saw that the allies considered him far ahead of them, that the columns moving near Pratsen constituted the center of the Russian army, and that the center is already sufficiently weakened to successfully attack it. But he still hasn't started the business.

Unter den Linden is a famous and famous street in Berlin. The lindens on it still delight the eyes of passers-by. They are beautifully lit up in the evening. There are many restaurants, cafes, shops and shops on the street.

Boulevard Under the Linden Trees (Unter den Linden), photo visitBerlin

Unter den Linden (Unter den Linden - Under the lime trees) is the most famous and favorite boulevard of Berliners. Heine liked to walk here when he studied law at, and for Mark Twain this boulevard was "three streets in one."

How did the street under the lindens appear

The name of the street was given by lindens, planted in 1647 by order of Friedrich Wilhelm. The “Great Elector” traveled along this road to his hunting grounds in the Tiergarten from the royal palace, and its surroundings left much to be desired - sand, stones and occasionally small bushes. Frederick was tired of such a landscape, and he ordered that fertile land be poured and linden and walnut trees be planted. As a result, 1000 lindens and the same number of walnut trees formed an alley of six rows. Friedrich Wilhelm did not stop there, in 1770 it was decided to supplement the alley with front buildings for the nobility and wealthy citizens. Now it was no longer a dusty road, but an elegant street that became the hallmark of the capital of Prussia.

Street view from above, photo by Nath el Biya/Niels

In the 18th and first half of the 19th century, Unter den Linden was a residential street, along which whole families went out for a walk. Its southern side was called "Palace", because. aristocrats and wealthy residents of the capital lived here, and the northern one - "Academic", professors, students and teachers lived here. Many knew each other, so they bowed without rank and discussed the news.

Street today

Boulevard Unter den Linden, photo Kees Beemster

Unter den Linden is 1.39 km long and 60 m wide. Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse (Karl Liebknecht-Straße). Part of the street from and through the park is now called June 17 Street (Straße des 17. Juni).

Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great, photo by Urban

Today, nothing but hunting sausages on the menu of cafes and restaurants reminds of the Elector's hunting grounds. From those old times, only trees and the "royal path" remained. There is now a road running through it. As soon as you leave the central part of the boulevard, you immediately find yourself among the numerous sights: the Brandenburg Gate, the Zeughaus, the palaces of Wilhelm I, crown princes, princesses. Russians are pleased to see their embassy and representative office of Aeroflot here. The boulevard is completed by the bronze equestrian statue of Frederick the Great, which Berliners ironically call "Old Fritz". The great Prussian monarch looks to those who follow "the path of the king."

Boulevard in night illumination, photo by Myung Joe

Another circumstance that may disappoint a future potential tourist. Almost everything on Pod Limes Boulevard is fake. Many buildings, including those from the Historic Quarter, were rebuilt after World War II. And the lindens now begin not as before, right behind the bridge, but 500 meters from it, and many of them were also planted again after the war.

Famous lindens, photo Bookmouse

How to get there

Take metro U55 or S-Bahn S1, S2, S25 to Brandenburger Tor station.

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, one of the main streets of Berlin, the symbol of the city. Passes in the center of Berlin from the Brandenburg Gate to the Marx-Engels Square. Name ( letters."Under the lindens") is associated with the history of its occurrence in the middle of the 17th century. In 1647, Grand Elector Friedrich Wilhelm ordered that linden trees and walnut seedlings be planted along the riding road in order to strengthen the sandy soil. Walnut seedlings and other fruit trees could not stand the cold winters and perished, only lindens remained. The building of the street and giving it the appearance of a front door began only in the middle of the 18th century. under Frederick the Great, when the concept of the so-called. Forum Fridericianum. In 1935, Hitler ordered the old trees to be cut down so that parades could be held across the entire width of the street. The lime trees that now adorn Unter den Linden were planted in the middle of the street after the end of World War II in the 1950s and 1960s. Poems and songs are dedicated to the famous street, one of them was performed by Marlene Dietrich: "Solang noch "untern Linden" die alten Bäume blühn, bleibt Berlin doch Berlin" ("While old trees bloom under the lime trees, Berlin remains Berlin") → Berlin , Linde , Großer Kurfürst von Brandenburg , Friedrich II. der Große, Forum Fridericianum, Kurfürstendamm, Friedrich II. der Große, Hitler Adolf, Zweiter Weltkrieg, Dietrich Marlene

2 Unter den Linden

3 Unter den Linden

Unter den Linden
German Unter den Linden

general information
The country
City	Berlin
District	Mitte
length	1390 m
Width	60 m
Name in honor	linden [d]
Audio, photo and video at Wikimedia Commons

Story

Lindens appeared on the site of the modern boulevard in 1647 on the orders of Friedrich Wilhelm. On this road the "Great Elector" rode on horseback from the royal palace to his hunting grounds in the Tiergarten. 1000 lindens and 1000 walnut trees formed an alley in six rows. In 1770, Frederick II decided to build up the alley with front buildings. For this, 44 houses were demolished, which did not meet the king's ideas. In their place, 33 mansions for the highest nobility and spacious houses for wealthy citizens were built. The dusty road turned into an elegant street that became the hallmark of the Prussian capital.

Attractions

In culture

“In fact, I don’t know a more majestic view than the one that opens from the bridge towards the limes; one splendid building crowds another here.”, - wrote Heinrich Heine, who studied jurisprudence in Berlin in 1823.
Leonid Utyosov's song "On Unter den Linden" is dedicated to the life of Berliners during the Great Patriotic War - from the beginning of the campaign to the east to the destructive streets of the late 20s and early 30s. 20th century mentioned in the autobiographical novel by Yuri Korints "Greetings from Werner": "My mother and I walked a lot in Berlin, much more than in Moscow. We walked in the center along the streets - along Leipzigerstrasse, which had many shops, and along Unter den Linden, where huge centuries-old lindens grew. "Unter den Linden" means "Under the lime trees". This is the main street of Berlin, it looks like a long square, although cars are rushing along it. There are many cafes on this street - the tables are right on the pavement under the lime trees - and restaurants. And most importantly - on this street, at number 7, our Soviet embassy was located, where we went almost every day ".

Portal for the student. Self-training

Linden alley in Berlin. Unter den Linden - Berlin's main boulevard

Unter den Linden - the famous Berlin boulevard "under the lindens"

How the riding path became a boulevard

Story

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In culture

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An excerpt characterizing Unter den Linden