Federal law on preschool education. The system of preschool education in the new Law "On Education

1. Preschool education is aimed at the formation of a general culture, the development of physical, intellectual, moral, aesthetic and personal qualities, the formation of the prerequisites for educational activities, the preservation and strengthening of the health of preschool children.

2. Educational programs of preschool education are aimed at the versatile development of preschool children, taking into account their age and individual characteristics, including the achievement by children of preschool age of the level of development necessary and sufficient for their successful mastering of educational programs of primary general education, based on an individual approach to children preschool age and activities specific to preschool children. The development of educational programs of preschool education is not accompanied by intermediate certification and final certification of students.

3. Parents (legal representatives) of minors who provide children with preschool education in the form of family education have the right to receive methodological, psychological and pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance without charging a fee, including in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations, if appropriate counseling centers have been set up in them. Ensuring the provision of such types of assistance is carried out by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Comment

1. Part 1 of Art. 64 of Law No. 273 stipulates the goals of obtaining preschool education. Based on the analysis of these provisions, preschool education is aimed at:

Full-fledged formation of the child's personality, strengthening and maintaining his health;

Creation of prerequisites for educational activity, that is, the formation of conditions that allow the child to proceed to the learning process without any difficulties.

The prerequisites for learning activities are:

Psychological (the child has a sufficient level of the most important thought processes);

Communicative (expressed in the adequate interaction of the child with society).

2. Part 2 Art. 64 of Law No. 273 characterizes the goals of educational programs for preschool education. Under the educational program, the whole complex of the most important characteristics of education is considered (). Preschool education is intended for further development of educational programs of primary general education.

Norm, Part 2, Art. 64 of Law No. 273 indicates the inadmissibility of conducting final certification, as well as intermediate certification when receiving preschool education. The described provision is consistent with and Law No. 273.

3. Part 3 Art. 64 of Law No. 273 stipulates the possibility for a child to receive pre-school education in the system of family education. This form of education is carried out outside of organizations engaged in educational activities ().

When applying family education, parents or legal representatives of the child are entitled to apply for free help to special consultation centers of preschool educational and general educational organizations. The provision of assistance is provided by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (part 3 of article 64 of Law No. 273).

Article 64. Preschool education
The commented article is not new for the domestic educational legislation, since the relevant norms were contained in Art. 18 of Law N 3266-1. Meanwhile, within the framework of the commented article, these provisions have been largely updated and supplemented with new norms.
The article is devoted to the legal regulation of preschool education. The foundations of the legal regulation of preschool education in the Russian Federation are laid down by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which in Art. 43 guarantees the free and accessibility of preschool education in state and municipal institutions, thereby imposing on the state the obligation to ensure the implementation of this right. However, the constitutional norms do not specify the content of this right and do not define the details of the legal regulation of this sphere of educational relations. More detailed regulation is carried out at the level of the commented Federal Law and by-laws. Thus, the strategic aspects of the development of the sphere of preschool education are laid down by the Concept of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2008 N 1662-r * (83). Among the priorities of the Concept, there is an increase in the flexibility and diversity of the forms of provision of services in the preschool education system, which is designed to provide support and better use of the educational potential of families. We also note that Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012 N 599 “On measures to implement state policy in the field of education and science” * (84) set the task of achieving by 2016 one hundred percent accessibility of preschool education for children aged three up to seven years old.
Part 1 of the commented article defines the concept of preschool education. The Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" did not contain a clear definition of this concept, however, it established that preschool institutions are created and function to help the family in order to raise children of preschool age, protect and strengthen their physical and mental health, develop individual abilities and necessary correction of developmental disorders children. The commented Federal Law specifies the goals of preschool education, naming among them: the formation of a common culture; development of physical, intellectual, moral, aesthetic and personal qualities; formation of prerequisites for educational activities; preservation and strengthening of the health of preschool children.
Thus, the emphasis is on the general developmental goal of preschool education. Preschool age is the age of accelerated physical and mental development of the child, the formation in him of general skills and abilities that predetermine his further physical, intellectual, mental development and are the basis for the subsequent formation of individual developmental characteristics. Important are the protection and strengthening of the health of preschool children.
A fairly massive regulatory layer in the field of preschool education is the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Thus, in the Kaliningrad region, the Law of November 10, 2009 N 388 “On state support for preschool education in the Kaliningrad region” was adopted. This Law, providing for mechanisms of state support for preschool educational organizations, is aimed at developing municipal-private partnerships in the field of preschool education and regulates the forms of such partnership, as well as measures for its financial incentives.
The subjects of the Russian Federation are implementing a large number of various regional and municipal short-term and long-term targeted programs aimed at developing a network of preschool educational institutions * (85). When developing and implementing such programs, the goals are to increase the level of accessibility of preschool education and improve its material and technical component. Programs define subjects and objects of programs, volumes and sources of financing of activities within the framework of programs. Activities may include: reconstruction and construction of buildings of preschool educational organizations; return of previously converted buildings of preschool institutions; creation of additional places in preschool educational institutions and groups of preschool children in general educational institutions, etc.
In St. Petersburg there is a special program for the construction and reconstruction of kindergartens * (86). In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, programs are being implemented that provide for special measures aimed at increasing the number of places in preschool educational institutions * (87). In the Saratov region, measures are being taken to return to the existing network of preschool educational institutions the facilities in which regional institutions are located * (88). It seems that the existence of regional and municipal programs aimed at developing a network of preschool institutions and provided with appropriate funding, subject to their high-quality implementation, can contribute to the speedy solution of the problem of shortage of places in preschool educational organizations and the full realization of the right of citizens to preschool education.
In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there are program documents that determine the main trends in the development of preschool education in the respective territory. Thus, in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Concept for the Development of Preschool Education in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2011-2016 * (89) was approved, which contains an analysis of the current state of preschool education in the Republic and determines the targets and forecast component for the further development of the studied area. It should be noted that the Concept not only sets out the tasks of increasing the number of places in preschool institutions in accordance with demographic needs, but also sets meaningful target parameters for the development of this sphere of public relations (for example, expanding innovative organizational and pedagogical forms of preschool education; focusing on the development of inclusive education and etc.).
Part 2 of the commented article defines the general direction of educational programs for preschool education. The content of education in a preschool educational organization is determined by the educational program of preschool education, which, according to Art. 12 of the commented law is developed, approved and implemented by an educational organization in accordance with the federal state educational standard and taking into account exemplary educational programs for preschool education.
According to the general rules set forth in Art. 11 of the commented law, federal state educational standards are a set of mandatory requirements for a particular level of education, including among them the requirements: a) to the structure of the program; b) the conditions for the implementation of the program; c) to the results of mastering the program. The content of education is directly determined by educational programs; for the level of preschool education - educational programs of preschool education. The state develops exemplary educational programs, which are educational and methodological documentation that determines the recommended volume and content of education at a particular level, the planned results of the development of the program, approximate conditions for educational activities, etc.
According to the commented article, the educational programs of preschool education are aimed at the versatile development of preschoolers, taking into account their age and individual characteristics, including their achievement of a level of development necessary and sufficient for the successful development of educational programs of primary general education. At the same time, the educational programs of preschool education are built on the basis of an individual approach to preschool children and activities specific to preschool children. The development of educational programs of preschool education is not accompanied by intermediate certification and final certification of students.
Currently, the federal state educational standard for preschool education is being developed. In addition, the issue of the procedure for developing exemplary basic general education programs, conducting their examination and maintaining their register is under study. Obviously, before the introduction of the federal state educational standard and the formation of a register of exemplary basic general education programs, the implementation of educational programs for preschool education should be guided by the Federal State Requirements for the conditions for the implementation of the main general education program for preschool education (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated July 20, 2011 No. N 2151), as well as the Federal state requirements for the structure of the main general educational program of preschool education (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of November 23, 2009 N 655). It should be borne in mind that the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation has developed Methodological recommendations on the development of the main general educational program for preschool education (letter of October 21, 2010 N 03-248), an exemplary basic general educational program for preschool education "Success" (letter from the Ministry of Education and Science RF dated July 22, 2010 N 03-13).
Thus, the commented Federal Law provides for a standardized approach to teaching in preschool educational institutions, which, given the independence of developing an educational program for preschool education, makes it possible to adapt learning to the individual characteristics and needs of pupils, and also mediates the pedagogical autonomy of educational organizations.
Part 3 of the commented article enshrines the right of parents of minors receiving preschool education in the form of family education to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance free of charge. Such assistance, according to the Law, can be provided, including in counseling centers operating at preschool and general educational organizations, but the creation of special counseling centers is not excluded. Ensuring the provision of these types of assistance The federal law imposes on the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
This is a new authority of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of preschool education, provided for by the commented Federal Law. The introduction of this authority will require its consolidation in the relevant regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In addition, in order to avoid the declarative nature of these norms, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation must provide financial support for the exercise of this authority. We also note that the full functioning of counseling centers in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations needs to be regulated in the regulatory acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the legal status of such centers and the mechanisms for their interaction with parents.
In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, at the municipal level, there is a practice of regulating the issue of organizing free methodological, diagnostic and advisory assistance to parents who ensure that children receive preschool education in the form of family education. This is due to the fact that the former legislation on education provided for the authority of local governments to organize and coordinate such assistance to families raising children of preschool age at home. So, in the Astrakhan region, the administration of the municipal formation "Limansky district" by resolution of 22.03.2011 N 324 approved the Regulations on the organization of methodological, diagnostic, advisory assistance to families raising children at home. The Regulation provides that the organization of such assistance is carried out on the basis of a preschool institution by integrating the activities of specialists of such a preschool institution (educator, psychologist, speech therapist, social pedagogue and other specialists) who conduct group and individual classes with parents raising children at home (lectures, consultations , seminars for parents, etc.).
The practice of establishing counseling centers for parents with preschool children is common in many European countries. For example, in Finland there are free kindergartens with free attendance, which are located in the municipal department. In such kindergartens, parents take care of their children themselves and can receive advice on care and education. In Denmark, Article 11 of the Consolidation Act On Social Services (2007) obliges local administrations to create conditions for citizens to receive pre-school education services, including organizing free counseling centers where families and parents can receive qualified assistance in solving any problems related to the upbringing and care of children, including on an anonymous basis.

The Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" defines all the features of the formation of norms for preschool education. The legislator clearly defines that pre-school education is very important. After all, it is in this way that the child is properly prepared for school and obtaining deeper knowledge. All the features of the norms on preschool education are indicated in Article 64.

Norms of the law on education: preschool education

The legislator indicates the presence of the concept of preschool education, defines the foundations of this education, and indicates that this type of education should initially be aimed at the formation of a general culture, the development of physical, moral, intellectual and aesthetic, as well as personal qualities;
This education is aimed at creating prerequisites for general educational activities, as well as strengthening and maintaining the health of children at preschool age;
The legislator attaches great importance to the creation of educational programs. It is indicated that all educational programs are aimed at the all-round development of children. At the same time, it is very important to correctly take into account the individual and age characteristics of children in order to correctly develop a program that can give the desired educational results;
The legislation also states that the very essence of education should be based on an individual approach to each child. Among other things, it is necessary to prepare the child not only for school, but also to develop his creative abilities. The development of educational programs in this case should not be accompanied by intermediate certification. Also, the final certification of students is not carried out;
Naturally, the legislator points to the importance of family education. At the same time, parents have the right to receive psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and consultative options for specialist assistance, without the need to pay for such services. At the same time, the legislator determines the provision of this assistance by specialized state institutions.

Importance of early childhood education

Children who have received at least some kind of preschool education feel more confident at school, quickly master the material, already know how to use the book, which in itself leads to a more rational and correct education and upbringing.

It is for this reason that it is very important to properly organize the educational process, develop the features of preschool education, and stimulate the emergence of new organizations whose activities are aimed at providing quality preschool education.

In our country, there are many state preschool centers - kindergartens, art houses, etc. There are also private organizations that are no less popular, since they provide deeper professional knowledge in clearly defined areas.

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Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" defines all the features of education in our country. These rules...

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The government of our country strives to improve the education sector as much as possible. It is for this reason that the new law on education included many new regulations, ...

In 2018, changes were made to improve the quality of education and the comfort level of pupils. The adoption of this bill is aimed at providing citizens with a sufficient number of places in kindergartens. This issue is quite acute today, because due to the inability to enroll a son or daughter in a preschool institution, thousands of Russian women cannot start working and raise the material level of their families.

Law on Preschool Education 2018

The adoption of the law involves a number of changes to the previously existing bill. The latest changes will help make preschool education more accessible and convenient for both children and their parents.

The law provides for the solution of the main issues related to:

sending children to preschool institutions,
the right to receive certain services,
actions in case of lack of places in the selected garden.

SAVE THIS FOR YOURSELF SO YOU DON'T LOSE:

In the journals "Handbook of the Head of a Preschool Institution" and "Handbook of the Senior Educator of a Preschool Institution" important materials for the leaders of preschool educational institutions were published:

1. What should be the kindergarten development program? 2. Social partners: who and how useful preschool

Knowing all the intricacies of the new bill will help parents quickly navigate a controversial situation and know the procedure for successfully resolving them. Innovations also affected the order, the age of registration of kids in kindergarten and the possibility of obtaining a place in an institution on a preferential basis. Educators will also be able to learn about their rights to provide a certain range of educational and educational services. The bill is aimed at correcting shortcomings in the system of preschool education in order to improve the overall functioning of this area.

Law on the Education of a Preschool Institution

This bill regulates all the subtleties of the work of kindergartens - from the recruitment of groups to the features of educational programs. The law grants the right to receive free pre-school education to absolutely all children, regardless of their place of residence and registration in the country.

Previously, only 40 percent of preschool children were given places in kindergartens. To date, it happens that the heads of preschool institutions refuse to accept the baby in the garden. Adoption law on the education of a preschool institution governs this issue. Until recently, it was easier to arrange a place in the garden from the age of three. At the same time, it is extremely difficult to decide in a nursery. Gradually, this situation will be resolved by introducing new places for children from one and a half years old on a paid basis.

From 2018, all children from the age of three to seven years old should be admitted to kindergarten if there are unoccupied places in the preschool institution.

Features that take into account the law on the education of a preschool institution

In 2018, amendments were made to the bill, which provide for the regulation of the following issues.

The total number of permanent detention groups in kindergartens will be reduced by 1.5 times.
Parents will have the opportunity to send their children to, which operate exclusively on the basis of educational, absolutely free.
Special counseling centers will start working. In them, families who need support will be able to receive psychological, pedagogical and advisory assistance.
Kindergartens receive the right (and not only the obligation) to provide care, supervision of children in the institution and their upbringing.
The law provides for compensation for a fee of 20 percent for the first child, 50 for the second, 70 for the third, and all subsequent ones. Mandatory payment for services is regulated depending on the pricing in the market in full.
Kindergartens receive the right to refuse to provide places for babies aged one and a half, two, three years and older in case of their absence.
Parents of pupils have the right to queue for a free place in another preschool institution.

Law on the Education of a Preschool Institution provides in the future for the possibility of obtaining the right for families of children to invite caregivers to the home for one and a half year old pupils. It is planned to create pre-school groups at schools, as well as increase the number of private kindergartens.

New career opportunities

Try for free! Training program: Management, economics and quality management in preschool educational institutions. For passing - a diploma of professional retraining. Training materials are presented in the format of visual notes with video lectures by experts, accompanied by the necessary templates and examples.

Who will receive preferential education in a preschool institution

Innovations in the legislation provide for the design of a place in the garden without the need to stand in line for the following persons.

Orphans, adopted children, as well as those who are under guardianship or left without parental care.
Pupils whose families have suffered due to the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
Children whose parents are orphans or are without parental care at the age of 18-23.
Pupils whose parents are employees of the prosecutor's office, the Investigative Committee or the police.
Disabled parents, single mothers, large families, children of kindergarten workers, children with a brother or sister studying in this institution can also receive registration without a queue.
Children whose parents serve in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

When will children be able to enroll in kindergarten?

It provides for granting the right to children from three to seven years old to study in preschool institutions free of charge. The opportunity to enroll in a kindergarten directly depends on the availability of places in the chosen institution. The workload and admission of children to groups is carried out taking into account the internal regulations of a particular children's organization.

Actions in case of lack of space for children in preschool

Law on Preschool Education 2018 gives the family of the child to write a special application for the purpose of registering the baby in another kindergarten. If a parent is denied admission to their children, they can write a complaint to the City Education Department. This application must be considered and an appropriate decision taken.

If in this department the parents receive a refusal to register the child in a preschool institution, you can go to the prosecutor's office or write a letter to the President to get help in resolving the controversial situation.

Innovations that provide for amendments to the legislation guarantee significant changes in the field of preschool education.
By reducing the number of children in groups, it becomes possible to provide an individual approach to each child, and the burden on educators is reduced.
Certain categories of citizens will have the opportunity to send their children to kindergarten without having to stand in line to get a place.
Law on the Education of a Preschool Institution regulates the age of admission to kindergarten, as well as the need for reform in the nursery.

Changes in legislation guarantee an increase in commercial kindergartens, in which there will certainly be enough places for all pupils. Parents do not have to stand in line for years to go to work and provide quality care for their baby.

Compliance with the rules and regulations that are provided for by current legislation is guaranteed both in public and private kindergartens. The bill regulates the basic norms of preschool education, which must be followed by all institutions.

Commentary on Art. 64 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation"

The commented article is not new for the domestic educational legislation, since the relevant norms were contained in Art. 18 of Law N 3266-1. Meanwhile, within the framework of the commented Article 64 of the Law on Education of Russia, these provisions have been largely updated and supplemented with new norms.

The article is devoted to the legal regulation of preschool education. The foundations of the legal regulation of preschool education in the Russian Federation are laid down by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which in Art. 43 guarantees the free and accessibility of preschool education in state and municipal institutions, thereby imposing on the state the obligation to ensure the implementation of this right. However, the constitutional norms do not specify the content of this right and do not define the details of the legal regulation of this sphere of educational relations. More detailed regulation is carried out at the level of the commented Federal Law and by-laws. Thus, the strategic aspects of the development of the sphere of preschool education are laid down by the Concept of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2008 N 1662-r * (83). Among the priorities of the Concept, there is an increase in the flexibility and diversity of the forms of provision of services in the preschool education system, which is designed to provide support and better use of the educational potential of families. We also note that Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012 N 599 "On measures to implement state policy in the field of education and science" * (84) set the task of achieving by 2016 one hundred percent accessibility of preschool education for children aged three up to seven years old.

Part 1 of the commented Article 64 of the Law on Education in the Russian Federation defines the concept of preschool education. The Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" did not contain a clear definition of this concept, however, it established that preschool institutions are created and function to help the family in order to educate preschool children, protect and strengthen their physical and mental health, develop individual abilities and necessary correction of developmental disorders children. The commented Federal Law specifies the goals of preschool education, naming among them: the formation of a common culture; development of physical, intellectual, moral, aesthetic and personal qualities; formation of prerequisites for educational activities; preservation and strengthening of the health of preschool children.

Thus, the emphasis is on the general developmental goal of preschool education. Preschool age is the age of accelerated physical and mental development of a child, the formation of general skills and abilities in him, which predetermine his further physical, intellectual, mental development and are the basis for the subsequent formation of individual developmental characteristics. Important are the protection and strengthening of the health of preschool children.

A fairly massive regulatory layer in the field of preschool education is the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Thus, in the Kaliningrad Region, Law No. 388 of November 10, 2009 "On State Support for Preschool Education in the Kaliningrad Region" was adopted. This Law, providing for mechanisms of state support for preschool educational organizations, is aimed at developing municipal-private partnerships in the field of preschool education and regulates the forms of such partnership, as well as measures for its financial incentives.

The subjects of the Russian Federation are implementing a large number of various regional and municipal short-term and long-term targeted programs aimed at developing a network of preschool educational institutions * (85). When developing and implementing such programs, the goals are to increase the level of accessibility of preschool education and improve its material and technical component. Programs define subjects and objects of programs, volumes and sources of financing of activities within the framework of programs. Activities may include: reconstruction and construction of buildings of preschool educational organizations; return of previously converted buildings of preschool institutions; creation of additional places in preschool educational institutions and groups of preschool children in general educational institutions, etc.

In St. Petersburg there is a special program for the construction and reconstruction of kindergartens * (86). In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, programs are being implemented that provide for special measures aimed at increasing the number of places in preschool educational institutions * (87). In the Saratov region, measures are being taken to return to the existing network of preschool educational institutions the facilities in which regional institutions are located * (88). It seems that the existence of regional and municipal programs aimed at developing a network of preschool institutions and provided with appropriate funding, subject to their high-quality implementation, can contribute to the speedy solution of the problem of shortage of places in preschool educational organizations and the full realization of the right of citizens to preschool education.

In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there are program documents that determine the main trends in the development of preschool education in the respective territory. Thus, in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Concept for the Development of Preschool Education in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2011-2016 * (89) was approved, which contains an analysis of the current state of preschool education in the Republic and determines the targets and forecast component for the further development of the studied area. It should be noted that the Concept not only sets out the tasks of increasing the number of places in preschool institutions in accordance with demographic needs, but also sets meaningful target parameters for the development of this sphere of public relations (for example, expanding innovative organizational and pedagogical forms of preschool education; focusing on the development of inclusive education and etc.).

Part 2 of the commented article defines the general direction of educational programs for preschool education. The content of education in a preschool educational organization is determined by the educational program of preschool education, which, according to, is approved and implemented by the educational organization in accordance with the federal state educational standard and taking into account exemplary educational programs for preschool education.

According to the general norms enshrined in, federal state educational standards are a set of mandatory requirements for a particular level of education, including among those requirements: a) the structure of the program; b) the conditions for the implementation of the program; c) to the results of mastering the program. The content of education is directly determined by educational programs; for the level of preschool education - educational programs of preschool education. The state develops exemplary educational programs, which are educational and methodological documentation that determines the recommended volume and content of education at a particular level, the planned results of the development of the program, approximate conditions for educational activities, etc.

According to the commented article 64, the educational programs of preschool education are aimed at the versatile development of preschoolers, taking into account their age and individual characteristics, including their achievement of a level of development necessary and sufficient for the successful development of educational programs of primary general education. At the same time, the educational programs of preschool education are built on the basis of an individual approach to preschool children and activities specific to preschool children. The development of educational programs of preschool education is not accompanied by intermediate certification and final certification of students.

Currently, the federal state educational standard for preschool education is being developed. In addition, the issue of the procedure for developing exemplary basic general education programs, conducting their examination and maintaining their register is under study. Obviously, before the introduction of the federal state educational standard and the formation of a register of exemplary basic general education programs, the implementation of educational programs for preschool education should be guided by the Federal State Requirements for the conditions for the implementation of the main general education program for preschool education (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated July 20, 2011 No. N 2151), as well as the Federal state requirements for the structure of the main general educational program of preschool education (approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of November 23, 2009 N 655). It should be borne in mind that the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation has developed Methodological recommendations on the development of the main general educational program for preschool education (letter of October 21, 2010 N 03-248), an exemplary basic general educational program for preschool education "Success" (letter from the Ministry of Education and Science RF dated July 22, 2010 N 03-13).

Thus, the commented Federal Law provides for a standardized approach to teaching in preschool educational institutions, which, given the independence of developing an educational program for preschool education, makes it possible to adapt learning to the individual characteristics and needs of pupils, and also mediates the pedagogical autonomy of educational organizations.

Part 3 of the commented article enshrines the right of parents of minors receiving preschool education in the form of family education to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance free of charge. Such assistance, according to the Law, can be provided, including in counseling centers operating at preschool and general educational organizations, but the creation of special counseling centers is not excluded. Ensuring the provision of these types of assistance The federal law imposes on the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

This is a new authority of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of preschool education, provided for by the commented Federal Law. The introduction of this authority will require its consolidation in the relevant regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In addition, in order to avoid the declarative nature of these norms, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation must provide financial support for the exercise of this authority. We also note that the full functioning of counseling centers in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations needs to be regulated in the regulatory acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the legal status of such centers and the mechanisms for their interaction with parents.

In some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, at the municipal level, there is a practice of regulating the issue of organizing free methodological, diagnostic and advisory assistance to parents who ensure that children receive preschool education in the form of family education. This is due to the fact that the former legislation on education provided for the authority of local governments to organize and coordinate such assistance to families raising children of preschool age at home. Thus, in the Astrakhan region, the administration of the municipal formation "Limansky district" by decree of March 22, 2011 N 324 approved the Regulations on the organization of methodological, diagnostic, advisory assistance to families raising children at home. The Regulation provides that the organization of such assistance is carried out on the basis of a preschool institution by integrating the activities of specialists of such a preschool institution (educator, psychologist, speech therapist, social pedagogue and other specialists) who conduct group and individual classes with parents raising children at home (lectures, consultations , seminars for parents, etc.).

The practice of establishing counseling centers for parents with preschool children is common in many European countries. For example, in Finland there are free kindergartens with free attendance, which are located in the municipal department. In such kindergartens, parents take care of their children themselves and can receive advice on care and education. In Denmark, Article 11 of the Consolidation Act On Social Services (2007) obliges local administrations to create conditions for citizens to receive pre-school education services, including organizing free counseling centers where families and parents can receive qualified assistance in solving any problems related to the upbringing and care of children, including on an anonymous basis.

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