As you know, the skin consists of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis (skin itself) and the hypodermis (subcutaneous fatty tissue). The skin that we can see is the stratum corneum of the epidermis. The epidermis is formed by several layers of epithelial cells lying on top of each other. There are no blood vessels here (only nerve endings), and cell nutrition passes through the intercellular spaces.

The stratum corneum is only a roof that protects the lower layers of the skin. The cells in it are constantly exposed to changes in temperature, pressure, live in conditions of lack of moisture and nutrients. Therefore, they gradually die off and turn into hard horny scales. The space between them is filled with multi-layer lipid layers, which firmly glue the horny scales. When the cells of the stratum corneum finally wear out, a special enzyme breaks down the substances that stick them together. Scales are constantly sloughed off from the surface of the skin, replaced by young cells migrating from the deep layers of the epidermis. For example, a middle-aged person loses 600 thousand skin particles every hour, which is 675 grams per year.

Reproduction of skin cells occurs in the germinal layer of the epidermis, which borders on the dermis. The basement membrane serves as a platform for the germ layer. It is on the basement membrane that cells receive the program that determines their fate. Each cell is born with a specific life program. It contains information about how fast the cell should grow, when it will die, and what tasks it will have to perform. It is thanks to such a program that the cell learns, for example, that it will become a skin or liver cell. The process of acquiring certain functions by a cell as it develops is called cell differentiation.

The skin looks truly beautiful only when a balance is maintained between cell division of the basal layer, cell differentiation and desquamation of horny scales.

Let's see what can happen if this balance is upset. Imagine that the shoe rubs your heel. Friction causes increased cell division in the basal layer. If the desquamation process remains unchanged (say, you do not use pumice), there is a local thickening of the epidermis, but simply a corn. Ultraviolet radiation, carcinogens can give rise to a more serious problem - a general thickening of the epidermis.

Under the influence of ionizing radiation or chemical compounds, the rate of cell division, on the contrary, slows down, which means that the skin becomes thinner. This reduces its barrier and protective properties. Such skin is easily cracked, irritated, and even ulcers may appear on it. If the process of cell differentiation is also disturbed, such a serious disease as psoriasis occurs.
With age, both the rate of division and the rate of cell exfoliation decrease, so aging skin becomes rougher.

Let us consider in more detail each of the types of installation of screw piles. Just note that everything has its pros and cons.

Manual way

For most customers, this is the most attractive type of installation, as it is the cheapest of all. But is it worth it to be fooled by the price? Not always! Installing screw piles manually will not work on dense soil. In addition, by natural human effort, the support is deepened by a maximum of 180 cm. At the same time, the diameter of the piles is also limited to 133 mm. Plus, manual installation takes up the most space - the radius of work is about 3 meters, which can be an inconvenience in cramped conditions.

Mounting with manual hydraulic machine

Or semi-mechanical method as it is also called. Perhaps, of all the methods, this has the most optimal price-performance ratio. Of course, it will cost a little more than a manual one, however, it will be possible to carry out work on denser soil and even with the content of small stones. In addition, with the help of a machine, it will be possible to install piles in the most cramped conditions, for example, on the water or indoors during the reconstruction of the floor.

A manual hydraulic machine gives more power than a few people. The consequence of this is a large depth of penetration - about 250-300 cm. And a constant torque without jerks allows you to maintain the vertical axis without unnecessary control and avoid premature destruction of the mounting hole.

In a semi-mechanical way, piles with a diameter of up to 133 mm can be installed.

Installation with a hole drill

This type of installation strongly loses to the previous two in terms of price and not only. It takes the car more time to move around the site, in addition, it is much more difficult to follow the verticality. But still, only a pit drill will be able to install screw piles in dense soil, where there are small stones, construction debris and other obstacles. Moreover, the pit auger copes well with work on large slopes and in places where it is impossible to create a platform for people.

With the help of a pit drill, piles with a diameter of 108 mm to 159 mm can be mounted, while their length can vary from 3 to 6 meters. Typically, the use of technology is required in the construction of heavy buildings that require greater depth of support.

UBM

The most expensive type of installation of screw piles, which is unlikely to be required by ordinary people. Rather, such equipment will be required for the construction of foundations for specialized buildings. The cost of one meter of deepening starts from 1,500 rubles, therefore, from a financial point of view, it is not advisable to use a machine in civil engineering.

With the help of UBM, piles with a diameter of 159 mm to 325 mm and a length of 6 to 10 meters can be installed. At the same time, there are no restrictions on the soil (of course, the exception is rocky soil, into which, in principle, screw piles cannot be installed).

H Do not forget that it is better to entrust the choice of screw piles to professionals who can calculate the design depth of the supports. They will also prompt you with the choice of the type of installation, taking into account the conditions of your site and the planned structure. The durability of the building will depend on this.

Our ancestors believed that the state of a person's appearance depends on hereditary factors. However, modern scientists have proven that this is not the case. Only 40% of our appearance depends on genes, the remaining 60% are shaped by ecology, habits and nutrition.

That is, our appearance depends on air, water, and food, as well as on sleep and sports. These factors contribute to the harmonious development of our body. For example, with poor nutrition in childhood, a person grows below the height inherent in his genes.

If you separate the twins and place them in different social environments, after some time, they will be different from each other. One will look older, the other younger.

In the same way, the way you live your life will make you look younger or older than your peers.

And yet, it is impossible not to take into account the importance of genes in building a person's appearance, although their role in this is small. At the origin of life, several genes interact. The future appearance of the child depends on this. Dominant genes can be dark hair, eyes, or skin. For example, a blue-eyed blonde and a dark-eyed brunette will have a dark-haired baby with dark eyes.

Racial traits can also dominate. So, for a white woman and a black man, the child is likely to be born black with curly hair.

Facial features, skin color and eyes of the future baby are laid even during fetal development.

In the process of human aging, the influence of genes weakens, and our appearance begins to depend only on. Poor sleep, junk food and alcohol lead to a deterioration in appearance. Therefore, it is worth paying special attention to them.

I would like to say that the way we look is the result of our work on ourselves, what we have invested in ourselves.

What determines the form of the verb? Problem questions: Do verbs have a form? Do perfect and imperfective verbs know how to command (indicate)? A verb is a part of speech that means WHAT? Educational subjects: Russian language, literature. Participants: 5th grade students. Fundamental question:

Photo 1 from the presentation “Verb Type Lesson” to the lessons of the Russian language on the topic "Signs of the verb"

Dimensions: 770 x 1070 pixels, format: jpg. To download a photo for a Russian lesson for free, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As...". To show photos in the lessons, you can also download the entire presentation “Verb Type Lesson” with all photos in a zip archive for free. Archive size - 996 KB.

Download presentation

Verb Features

"View of the verb" - WHAT DID YOU DO? imperfect appearance WHAT TO DO? Time. Divide into two groups. Football verb. See ... third, try ... reap, un ... sti, say ... zat, add ... sat, p ... spare, over ... wat, in ... zat. What topic were you working on? E. Watch What to do? Carry away, Permanent non-permanent. WHAT WILL DO? Grammatical features of the verb: Lesson summary:

"Studying the verb" - Features of the Russian language program (textbook of the Russian language by S.V. Ivanov). Verb. Planning lessons for the study of the verb in grade 4. Features of the program. In Russian language lessons, I use the Russian language textbook. 4th grade. Object of study. Formative experiment. Subject of study. Working hypothesis of the study:

"Tenses of verbs" - Child, blizzard (cry). Wounded, forest (moan). Find synonyms for the word room. Bird, heart (sing). Place the stress on these words. Prepare for test work. Calligraphy. Exercise 90 Determine the tense, person (gender), number of verbs. Exercise 88

“Mistakes in verbs” - Drops run from the roofs, turning into beautiful ice icicles. Homework. Drops run from the roofs, turning into beautiful ice icicles at night. Warms up. Put stress in the forms of words and, trusting the endings, indicate the conjugation. Unspecified F. 1. Present. The sun is getting hotter. Or bud. Write by inserting the missing letters.

“Verb endings” - Inga sends the ball to the middle of the field with a strong blow. Game conditions: write down all the verbs that you hear in the report. Come up with words that will match these patterns: Another minute and the ball will fly into the opponent's goal. Check yourself! How to define conjugation? Didn't notice the verb - it means they missed the goal!

"Lesson Verb" - 2. The first grass grows. Practical work. Municipal Educational Institution "Gymnasium No. 1, Kirovo-Chepetsk, Kirov Region". In what morpheme is the spelling? Care-t winter cold. To create conditions for cultivating a culture of communication in pair and frontal work. Lesson type - control lesson; The system of developing education D.B. Elkonin-V.V. Davydov.

There are 30 presentations in total in the topic