Organization of the work of the library of the settlement. Activities of rural libraries at the present stage

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    REGIONAL LAW ON ORGANIZATIONSLIBRARYSERVICEPOPULATION LENINGRAD REGION PUBLIC LIBRARIES... for questions organizationslibraryservicepopulation Leningrad region, providing development library affairs, ...

    • APPROVE

    Director of the Municipal Budgetary Institution of Culture

    "Central Library System

    Yalchik district of the Chuvash Republic

    L.A. Zaitseva

    POSITION

    ON THE STRUCTURAL UNIT OF THE MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY INSTITUTION OF CULTURE "CENTRALIZED LIBRARY SYSTEM OF THE YALCHIK DISTRICT OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC"

    KUSHELGA RURAL LIBRARY

    1. General Provisions

    1.2. The library in its activities is guided by federal laws and the laws of the Chuvash Republic "On librarianship", "On the obligatory copy of documents" and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the Chuvash Republic, the Yalchik region, the Charter of the MBUK "TsLS of the Yalchik region", this Regulation.

    1.3. The library was created in order to organize library services for the population of the Yalchik rural settlement of the Yalchik district of the Chuvash Republic (hereinafter referred to as the settlement).

    2. Main directions, goals and subject of the Library's activities

    2.1. The library is a non-profit organization, a public information, cultural and educational institution. In its activities, it is guided by the principles of humanism, respects the equality of rights of all citizens, public associations and confessions.

    2.2. The subject of the Library's activities is library services to the population, taking into account the needs and interests of various social and age groups, the provision of municipal services in the field of librarianship.

    2.3. The main objectives of the Library are:

    Creation of conditions for the realization of human rights to free access to information;

    Introduction to the values ​​of culture, science, education;

    Implementation of library and information services for the population, taking into account its needs and interests, as well as local traditions.

    2.4. The main activities of the Library are:

    Formation of a library fund, taking into account the information needs and cultural needs of the population, including a specialized local history fund, ensuring its safety, accumulation of information resources on the development of various spheres of the life of the settlement;

    Providing publications of the library fund for temporary use to individuals and legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership;

    Collection, storage and provision to the population of legal documents, official decisions taken by local governments;

    Information and bibliographic services and provision of consulting assistance in the search and selection of information sources, ensuring prompt access to the resources of other libraries and information systems using Internet technologies, e-mail, interlibrary loan;

    Implementation of priority reference and information services for heads of local self-government bodies, organization of information days, days of municipal employees on topical issues;

    Promoting the patriotic education of the population, raising its cultural level, developing interest in reading, disseminating local history knowledge;

    Participation in the implementation of local targeted programs for various social groups of the population: children, youth, the disabled, pensioners, ethnic groups and others;

    Development of innovative library projects;

    Providing users with additional services in accordance with the List of paid services of the CBS;

    Carrying out cultural, educational and educational events: literary evenings, meetings, presentations, competitions and other cultural events, organizing amateur reader associations of interest, introducing modern forms of reader service;

    Keeping records of the library fund in accordance with Russian and regional legal documents, ensuring its safety and efficient use.

    2.5. The library has the right to carry out income-generating activities that are not the main activities, in accordance with the Charter of the CLS.

    3. Financing and property of the Library

    3.1. The library operates at the expense of funds allocated from the budget of the Yalchik district according to the standard of financial costs for the provision of library services to residents of the settlement, extra-budgetary funds and other sources not prohibited by law.

    3.2. The library has the right to use the funds allocated to it only in strict accordance with their intended purpose.

    3.3. The Central Library Service organizes subscriptions to periodicals, purchases of new books for the library fund of the Library, equipment necessary to provide library services to residents of the settlement.

    3.4. The Yalchik municipal district finances the maintenance of buildings, including the costs of utilities, lighting, security, current repairs and other expenses.

    3.5 The financial operations of the Library are carried out by the MBU "Centralized Accounting" of the Yalchik District of the Chuvash Republic.

    3.6. The library is endowed with the property necessary for the implementation of its activities (building, premises, book collection, library equipment, technical means: telephone, computer, printer, scanner, modem, television and video equipment, copier, etc.).

    3.7. The library is obliged to use the fixed movable and immovable property effectively and strictly for the intended purpose and ensure its safety.

    4. Organization of work and management of the Library

    4.1. The procedure for the formation, issues of organization and activities of the Library are determined by the Charter of the CLS and these Regulations.

    4.2. CBS director:

    Calculates the number of library staff, approves the structure, staffing, regulations, rules of use, price list of services provided on a paid basis and other documents regulating the activities of the Library;

    Carries out control over the compliance of the Library's activities with the legislation of the Russian Federation and constituent documents, the implementation of approved plans;

    Appoints and dismisses employees of the Library, concludes an employment contract with them in the manner prescribed by labor legislation;

    Ensures the implementation of technological processes related to the acquisition, accounting and processing of the book fund, the formation of a single catalog, reference and bibliographic apparatus, informatization of library processes, statistical reporting;

    Exercises other powers within its competence.

    4.3. Library manager:

    Provides library and information services to the population;

    Participates in the implementation of local targeted programs for various social groups of the population, develops innovative library projects;

    Conducts cultural and educational campaigns and educational events using modern information technologies;

    Develops documentation regulating the activities of the Library, submits it for approval to the CLS;

    Bears personal responsibility for the results of the Library's activities and statistical reporting;

    Carries out coordination and corporate interaction with other libraries district.

    Complies with safety regulations, fire safety and labor protection.

    Carefully treats the material values ​​at the disposal of the library, be responsible for their safety.

    4.4. The library has the right:

    Independently plan their activities and determine the prospects for its development, based on the goals provided for by the Regulations, the availability of their own creative and economic resources and the prospects for the socio-economic development of a rural settlement;

    Determine, in agreement with the Director of the Central Library Service, the list of services provided on a free and paid basis in accordance with the rules for using the Library, the types and amounts of compensation for damage caused by users of the Library, as well as the cost of paid services and products in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

    Independently determine the sources of acquisition of library funds;

    Withdraw and implement documents from their funds in agreement with the director of the CBS. At the same time, the Library does not have the right to write off and sell documents classified as historical and cultural monuments, the mode of storage and use of which is determined in accordance with applicable law;

    Create (amateur club and leisure associations, but not library ones) in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

    Participate in conferences, internships, seminars on all types of library activities, which are held by the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts, the National Library of the Chuvash Republic, the Central Library Library.

    6. Accounting and reporting of the Library

    6.1. The library carries out operational accounting of the results of its work, maintains statistical reporting in the prescribed form.

    6.2. The head of the Library bears disciplinary, financial and other liability for the distortion of state reporting in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

    6.3. The library reports on the results of its activities to the CLS, as well as on the results of the year to the population.

    Federal Law No. 199-FZ of December 31, 2005 amended and supplemented Federal Law No. 131-FZ of October 6, 2003 "On the General Principles of Organizing 7 Local Governments in the Russian Federation" (hereinafter referred to as Federal Law No. 131-FZ), including h. expanding the powers of municipal districts in the field of library services. Since January 1, 2006, the issue of local importance of municipal districts in this area has been fixed as "organization of library services for the population by inter-settlement libraries, acquisition of their library funds" (clause 19, part 1, article 15).

    Legal status of the inter-settlement library

    The amendments made to Federal Law No. 131-FZ introduced a new type of library - inter-settlement, which, however, did not receive a detailed interpretation either in this Law or in Federal Law No. 78-FZ of December 29, 1994 "On Library Science" (hereinafter - the Law " about librarianship"). Clause 2, Article 4 of the Law "On Librarianship", which regulates library activities in general, contains a closed list of types of libraries formed by the founders depending on the procedure for their establishment and forms of ownership.

    The status of central libraries is specially stipulated in the law "On librarianship". In accordance with this law, local governments can assign the status of a central library to the leading universal library, while in accordance with Art. 20 of the Law "On librarianship":

    • local self-government bodies of settlements that are the administrative centers of municipal districts may assign the status of the central district library to the leading universal library of the corresponding settlement;
    • local governments of city districts may assign the status of the central city library to the leading universal library of the corresponding city district.

    However, this Law does not clarify what is meant by the term "inter-settlement library" introduced by Federal Law No. 131-FZ, and what functions it should perform.

    Some constituent entities of the Russian Federation recommended that local governments in their regions understand the inter-settlement library as the centralized library system (CLS), which operated within the former administrative district, and re-register it with the new organizational and legal status of an inter-settlement library with branch libraries. However, one cannot agree with this position either according to the logic of Federal Law No. 131-FZ, or according to the logic of the Law "On Library Science".

    The law "On librarianship" under the centralized library system (CLS) implies the voluntary association of libraries into a structurally holistic formation. It should be noted that this wording has long lagged behind the developing municipal legislation and new civil law relations, taking into account the establishment of different levels of municipal property. Today, the CLS as a structurally integral entity in the form of an institution is no longer a form of voluntary association of libraries, but a legal entity with a system of branches. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation defines branches of a legal entity as subdivisions created by a legal entity and endowed with property and resources to carry out the functions of a legal entity outside its location.

    Thus, the “voluntary association of libraries” of the CLS (in accordance with the wording of the Law “On Librarianship”), which is subsequently reorganized into a legal entity in the form of an institution with branches, can only be carried out if there is a single owner (founder). Based on its decision, independent libraries may be reorganized in the form of a merger or acquisition. For example, the formation of CBS in districts as administrative-territorial units before the reform of local self-government or urban CBS in large cities.

    It is impossible to talk about a voluntary association of libraries in the presence of different owners (founders), since the reorganization of independent libraries (with a decrease in their status) by merging or accession is possible only by the decision of the owner or when the owner of libraries changes as a result of various donation transactions or other alienation of property . However, this does not mean that libraries cannot cooperate to carry out various functions of library services to the population, but this cooperation will have other organizational and legal forms, which will be discussed below.

    Separation of powers and property

    Let's try to analyze this issue from two points of view: what should be done in the field of library services in accordance with Federal Law No. 131-FZ and what form of providing library services is more economically beneficial for the municipality.

    Library services for the population of settlements subject to the wording given in paragraph 11 h.1 Article. 14 of Federal Law No. 131-FZ, includes:

    • acquisition and organization of library collections;
    • organization of accounting and preservation of library funds;
    • public services in stationary (subscription and reading room) and non-stationary forms (mobile library, issue point, etc.);
    • reference and bibliographic work;
    • mass work to develop interest in reading and to promote the artistic and cultural heritage of Russia.

    To intermunicipal (intersettlement) functions library services, carried out in the interests of the population of the entire municipal district, as well as all settlement libraries, include:

    • interlibrary loan for the population of the entire municipal district;
    • reference and bibliographic services for libraries of settlements and the population of the entire municipal district;
    • information and methodological service of libraries of settlements; 0 methodological support for the scientific organization of library collections of settlement libraries;
    • methodological support for the protection and preservation of the library collections of the libraries of settlements;
    • methodological support for the implementation of state statistical reporting by libraries of settlements and other functions.

    Thus, an inter-settlement library can be called a library that, according to the structure of its library funds, as well as resource capabilities (material and personnel), can perform these inter-municipal functions in the interests of the population of the entire region, as well as in the interests of settlement libraries. Such resources, as a rule, have central libraries.

    The second question concerns the form of providing library services. Here, attention should be paid to the fact that the provision of public services to the population is a prerequisite for the activities of local public authorities. At the same time, the main tasks are to comply with the conditions of socio-economic efficiency, maximum accessibility of public services and its corresponding quality.

    Services can be provided in a variety of ways:

    • local self-government bodies themselves (through municipal institutions);
    • purchase from third parties;
    • the authority to provide a service may be transferred by agreement to another municipality (from a settlement to a municipal district and vice versa);
    • through cooperation with other municipalities.

    The choice of one or another method of providing a service depends on many factors: its social significance, the development of the supply infrastructure, the amount of funds needed to provide the service, the staffing of the service, etc.

    If a service should be provided to the entire population free of charge due to its social significance or guarantees established by the state, then it is advisable to carry it out on the basis of municipal institutions or in the form of inter-municipal cooperation. The transfer of the exercise of authority to another municipality with a subvention for its implementation, calculated taking into account the full cost of the service, and even more so its purchase from other organizations are more costly forms.

    Example

    Federal legislation guarantees free consumption of library services for the entire population (Part 2, Article 5 of the Law "On Library Science"). services, If the settlement has an infrastructure for the provision of services, then the average cost of a budgetary service is adjusted taking into account various adjustment factors.This determines the total budgetary costs for the provision of services.As a rule, these calculations are significantly lower than the real costs, since they do not take into account non-accounts payables of institutions, as well as usually do not plan capital expenditures and depreciation.

    But this situation will not always exist. As soon as institutions become more independent, moving into the form of autonomous non-profit institutions, they will be forced to calculate the cost of the service, taking into account all necessary costs. Then the transfer of authority in terms of costs will be equal to the purchase of services from third-party organizations.

    Purchasing services under the conditions of universal free provision of library services to settlements is best done in their municipal institutions, placing municipal budget assignments on their basis. It should also be noted that it is advisable to purchase services for the purchase of other services, for example, for a limited number of consumers or in the case of partial payment by the consumer of the cost of the service. Thus, from this point of view, in order to provide a library service, it is necessary to comply with the norms of Federal Law No. 131-FZ.

    Property of the central library

    When delimiting property in the field of library services, a big problem arises: what to do with the property of the central library? This question arises where in the administrative center of the municipal district, only one large universal library has been preserved, which is currently the central library of the district. Thus, it is this library that becomes a stumbling block in the division of property, since, on the one hand, it is entrusted with the authority to serve the population of the administrative center of the district, and on the other, the implementation of inter-settlement (inter-municipal) functions in the field of library services.

    When determining the status of the central library, two solutions are possible:

    1. transfer it to the ownership of the settlement, which is the administrative center of the municipal district;
    2. leave the property of the municipal district for the implementation of inter-municipal functions and call it an inter-settlement library.

    None of the listed decisions can be called absolutely correct, since in both cases there is some infringement of the rights of one of the subjects, so the decision is made only by agreement of the parties.

    In the first case (when the central district library becomes the property of a settlement - the administrative center of a municipal district), in order for the municipal district to perform inter-settlement (inter-municipal) functions in the field of library services, the local self-government bodies of the municipal district and the administrative center of the municipal district may conclude: 6 either an agreement on the transfer of powers;

    B or an agreement of a civil law nature on the acquisition of services for the implementation by this central library of the functions of inter-settlement libraries.

    In the second case (when the central library becomes an inter-settlement library), similar agreements are concluded between local governments, only the library service by the inter-settlement library for the population of the settlement - the center of the municipal district - becomes the subject of the agreement.

    In addition, separate contracts (agreements) can be concluded between the founders of settlement libraries and the founder of an inter-settlement library or the founder of a central library that performs inter-settlement functions, on the provision by this library of services for the acquisition of settlement libraries, as well as services for processing new literature. It is advisable for settlement libraries to purchase these services from professionals in order to properly organize the library collections of settlements, which should be organized taking into account the accepted library classification, as well as to put books on reference and bibliographic records.

    Financial support of powers

    Financial support for the powers of local self-government bodies to resolve issues of local importance should be established taking into account the minimum social standards adopted at the local level, as well as taking into account the level of budgetary security of the municipality. In the absence of accepted minimum social standards, for example, social standards for library services, the standards of volume indicators approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 03.07.96 No. 1063-r "Social standards and norms" should be taken as a basis.

    The expenditure obligations of settlements in the field of library services to the population are:

    • maintenance of the staff of the settlement library in accordance with the standard staffing, determined taking into account volume indicators (number of readers of the settlement library, lending, etc.) as of the beginning of the year of transfer of property;
    • financial support for the collection of funds of the settlement library, c. including subscription editions;
    • financial support for the organization of the library fund (its classification and cataloging), accounting and preservation;
    • financial support for reference and bibliographic services of the settlement library;
    • financial support for communal expenses, as well as expenses for the maintenance of library buildings or rent if they are located in rented premises;
    • financial support for the acquisition of equipment and technical means;
    • financial support for the current overhead costs of the activities of libraries, including transport costs;
    • financial support for the training and retraining of library personnel;
    • financial support for measures of social support for library workers in the event that such measures are established by the representative body of the settlement;
    • financial provision of fire safety measures for libraries,

    The listed expenditure commitments should form the basis of the minimum funding standards for the provision of library services to the public.

    Additional services provided to the population by municipal libraries may be carried out on a paid or partially paid basis, at prices approved by the representative body of the municipality. Additional funds received from the provision of additional services should be directed exclusively to the development of libraries, and not used to compensate for missing budget funds.

    Organizational and managerial features of the centralized library system

    Today there is a great temptation to keep the CLS on the pretext that it used to be a convenient form of library service, and to "adapt" the new legislation to this purpose. However, the local self-government bodies of the district do not have the right to replace the local self-government bodies of the settlements and organize the provision of services in the field of library services in the settlements. This can be done only in one case, if the settlements, by agreement, transfer the exercise of this authority to the municipal district. At the same time, it must be borne in mind that the authority must be transferred by the settlements to the district simultaneously with the resources for its execution, i.e., first, the settlements themselves must be endowed with these resources: income and property.

    Thus, in accordance with Federal Law No. 731-FZ (taking into account the nuances of regional legislation on endowing newly formed settlements with issues of local importance during the transition period), the sequence of organizational and managerial actions in the field of library services should be as follows:

    • the centralized library systems of the municipal district should be reorganized;
    • the property of the CBS should be delimited between the settlements that are part of the municipal district;
    • local self-government bodies of settlements should establish settlement libraries;
    • local self-government bodies of settlements should make a decision on how to exercise this authority: independently or by transferring it by agreement (with resources for execution) to the municipal district.

    In settlements, it is required to assign to an official of local self-government bodies the relevant functions of analysis, planning, organization, control of activities in the field of culture, performing the functions of a founder in relation to municipal cultural institutions and other necessary management functions. In municipal districts, the departments of culture should be reorganized: instead of structural units for managing various areas in culture, it is advisable to single out a structural unit (official) responsible for developing and organizing the implementation of district programs in the field of culture, and also to create a methodological service of a self-supporting plan that could carry out on contractual terms the development of methodological materials for holding events in the settlements and conduct training and retraining courses for specialists in the field of culture.

    Inter-municipal cooperation

    Articles 8 and 68 of Federal Law No. 131-FZ establish that inter-municipal associations and business associations may be formed for joint resolution by local governments of issues of local importance, and contracts and agreements may also be concluded.

    Among intermunicipal associations, Federal Law No. 131-FZ mentions only the Council of Municipalities, therefore, in the article, as economic entities that carry out certain issues of local importance, it names only economic companies. Moreover, the Law provides a closed list of such business companies: closed joint-stock companies and limited liability companies. According to Art. 66 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, business companies are recognized as commercial organizations with an authorized (share) capital divided into shares (contributions) of founders (participants). In order to carry out non-commercial activities, municipalities may create funds and autonomous organizations (Article 69 of Federal Law No. 131-FZ). At present, the Federal Law "On Autonomous Institutions" has been adopted, which regulates the creation and operation of such institutions. In the structure of this law, there is no mention that this institution can be established within the framework of inter-municipal cooperation. In addition, Part 3 of Art. 18 of this Law contains a provision limiting the reorganization of autonomous institutions in the form of mergers and acquisitions within the framework of one property owner. At the same time, this law does not contain restrictions on the establishment by municipalities new autonomous institution within the framework of inter-municipal cooperation. However, it has already been mentioned that free library services to the population in the volumes established by the state cannot be carried out on a commercial basis, and the formation of a budget task with the universality of services for the population is still difficult. At present, scientists and practitioners are only approaching the development of principles and methods for the formation of a budget task.

    To what extent can forms of inter-municipal cooperation be used in organizing library services for the population at the present time?

    Article 8 of Federal Law No. 131-FZ, in addition to business entities, also mentions contracts and agreements, therefore, the agreements on the provision of services between settlements and the municipal district discussed in the chapter "Delimitation of powers and property" in order to minimize the costs of collecting and processing funds, organizing reference and bibliographic work, etc. can be called a form of inter-municipal cooperation. In addition, it is possible to conclude an agreement on the use of the library collections of the libraries of the settlements in order to organize interlibrary lending in the interests of the readers of the entire municipal area.

    Local self-government bodies of settlements.

    Local self-government body of the municipal district.

    The body of local self-government of the settlement - the center of the municipal district.


    Organization of library services for a rural settlement
    In order to ensure the availability of library services for residents of rural settlements, a norm has been established for placing libraries at the rate of one library per 1 thousand inhabitants, regardless of the number of settlements that are part of the rural settlement.

    The organizational structure of the library services of a rural settlement provides for the mandatory presence in its administrative center of a public library with a children's department, regardless of the number of residents and taking into account the walking (transport) accessibility of 15-30 minutes. Subject to the transfer of authority for library services to the level of the municipal district - the presence of a branch of the inter-settlement library with a children's department.

    The general requirement for the organization of library services in rural settlements is the obligatory provision of the possibility of obtaining library services in all settlements, including those with a small number of inhabitants (less than 200 people). For this purpose, the central library located in the administrative center of a rural settlement (or an inter-settlement library) organizes the work of branches on the basis of a specialized room or book lending points on the basis of an adapted room, in which events can be held to popularize books and reading.

    Local self-government bodies of rural settlements have the right to additionally use their own material resources and financial resources to organize library services in the manner prescribed by the decision of the representative body of the municipality (in accordance with Federal Law No. 281-FZ of December 25, 2008).

    The decision to reorganize or liquidate a municipal public library located in a rural settlement can only be made taking into account the results of a survey of residents of this rural settlement (Article 23 of Federal Law No. 78 “On Library Science”).
    Organization of non-stationary library services
    In the absence of a library in the locality that provides a complete list of high-quality information services, residents of municipalities of the Voronezh region are served by non-stationary forms (library points, mobile libraries, volunteering, etc.)

    The library service for non-stationary services is used to serve sedentary categories (disabled people, the elderly, hospital patients, etc.).

    When calculating the needs for non-stationary forms of library and information services, the needs of residents of each settlement that do not have a stationary library are taken into account.

    The organization of non-stationary library and information services for the population is carried out by the library management and the administration of the municipality (premises, transport, maintenance schedules). Financing is carried out at the expense of funds provided for the activities of stationary libraries.

    The work of the mobile library is carried out according to a special route and schedule using a specially equipped vehicle that performs the functions of a library bus, the frequency of departures is at least 1 time per month, the duration of stops is from 1 to 3 hours.

    Library points operate depending on local conditions and the number of users on a certain schedule on certain days and hours.

    The forms and volumes of non-stationary library services for the population are determined by the annual plan of the stationary library, approved by the founder.

    The mode of operation of all forms of non-stationary library services is agreed with the founder and brought to the attention of the serviced labor collectives, residents of the settlement. The working time is determined on the set days and hours convenient for users.

    Information about the library resources of a stationary library should be communicated to all users of non-stationary forms of library services in the form of announcements, terms of use, posters, booklets, a list of all types of free and paid services (price list).

    Organization of remote library services
    Each user of a municipal public library, regardless of place of residence, must be provided with access to cultural values ​​based on digital communication technologies (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2014 No. 808 “On Approving the Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy”).

    To do this, you must use the electronic document delivery system. On the basis of the central libraries of the urban district, municipal district, urban and rural settlements, it is advisable to organize access points to full-text information resources through a specially equipped place with access to the Internet and providing access to digitized full-text information resources, for the right to use which libraries conclude contracts (agreements) with the owners of these resources.

    The library can get access to some full-text information resources free of charge (funds of the Presidential Library; funds of the National Electronic Library).

    Requirements for the placement of buildings and premises

    municipal libraries
    The public library of the municipality is located taking into account the maximum transport or walking distance (the time it takes residents to get to the library). Its accessibility is ensured by a convenient location - in the center of the settlement and in each residential microdistrict, near transport links, at the intersection of pedestrian routes, in the most frequently visited cultural, leisure or business centers.

    A publicly accessible municipal library may be located in a special stand-alone building, in an extension block to a residential or public building, in a specially adapted room of a residential or public building.

    When the library is located on the first floor of a residential or public building, a convenient and free approach for users, an emergency (fire) exit and an entrance for the production purposes of the library itself are provided.

    The library should have a well-maintained adjacent territory, equipped with an outdoor lighting system, asphalt or cobbled sidewalks (paths), as well as a visible and easily recognizable signboard with the name of the library, working hours.

    Without fail, the library must be equipped with sources of natural and artificial lighting, heating and ventilation systems, fire and security systems and equipment, as well as telephone communications and the ability to connect to the Internet.

    The temperature and humidity conditions in the library premises must be maintained by heat supply and air conditioning systems that provide a temperature regime of 18 ° - 20 ° С in the reader's service area; in the book depository - temperature and humidity conditions 18 +/- 2 ° C, humidity - 53%.

    When placed in any type of buildings and premises, the library must have equipment for users with disabilities: ramps at the entrance and exit, special holders at level transitions, fences, elevators, special chairs for work. Door openings must comply with building GOSTs for free passage of a stroller through the library premises and access to funds.

    When placed in the same building as an educational institution (school), the library must have an autonomous entrance and exit for free access for visitors.

    When placing a library in a building of a socio-cultural complex, special library rooms are provided that provide a comfortable environment for users.

    The mode of operation, including weekends, sanitary days, is set for each library individually, taking into account the needs of the population and the intensity of its visits by decision of local governments. The following requirements are imposed on the mode of operation (Collection of methodological recommendations for the development of quality standards for services in the field of culture, 2016):

    Start of work - no earlier than 8.00 am, start of servicing library users - no earlier than 9.00 am;

    The library is open at least 8 hours a day;

    The library is open at least 5 days a week;

    At least 15% of the working time of a library institution should not coincide with the working hours of the main part of the population;

    One day a month is set aside for a sanitary day.

    A public library should be provided with premises: for serving users, service, sanitary and administrative facilities.

    The layout and placement of departments and services of a public library should ensure ease of use and work in it, the condition of the library premises should meet the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological rules, SanPiN standards and labor protection standards.

    According to the established standards, building codes and other duly approved normative documents, fire safety rules must be observed in the library premises. Each public library must be provided with fire and security equipment: 1 fire extinguisher per 50 m2 of floor, but at least one for each room, alarm.

    The dimensions of the areas of library premises are determined taking into account their functional purpose on the basis of accepted standards (Model Standard for Public Library Activities, RBA, 2008). To serve users, the dimensions required are:

    The area for placing a subscription with open access to the fund at the rate of at least 5 m 2 per 1,000 volumes; with limited access to the fund - 7 m 2 per 1,000 volumes;

    The area of ​​the common reading room should be taken at least 2.4 m 2 per one reading place (when the reading room is equipped with single or double tables);

    Areas for accommodating reading rooms with open access to the fund - at the rate of 10 m 2 per 1000 volumes;

    Area for placement of specialized departments at the rate of 5 m 2 per 1,000 storage units;

    The area for placing the reference and information apparatus (catalogs) at the rate of at least 3.5 m 2 per one catalog cabinet;

    Area for placement of workstations at the rate of at least 6 m 2 per user;

    The number of seats in the library is determined at the rate of 2.5 m 2 per 1 seat (or at least 1.5 m 2 per 100 inhabitants);

    About 10% of seats for readers should be in the "easy" reading area or in the recreation area;

    The number of seats for viewing periodicals is determined at the rate of 3 m 2 per 1 seat;

    The area for the individual use of audio and video documents should be 5.5 m 2;

    To accommodate exhibitions, the area of ​​one of the main divisions of the library (for example, a subscription or a reading room) requires an increase of up to 10%;

    For holding cultural events, it is necessary to have a separate room of at least 25 m 2;

    Lobby area at the rate of 0.2 m 2 per visitor;

    Wardrobe area at the rate of 0.08 m 2 per hook of a cantilever hanger.

    The sizes of areas for storage of library collections are determined in accordance with the standards (Model Standard for Public Library Activities, RBA, 2008):

    For books and magazines - at least 2.5 m 2 per 1,000 volumes;

    For newspaper filings - at least 14 m 2 per 1,000 filings;

    For audiovisual documents - not less than 3 m 2 per 1,000 copies.

    The area of ​​office premises depends on the number of full-time employees and the functions they perform, but not less than 20% of the area of ​​the reading area. Office premises should have a convenient functional connection both among themselves and with reader service units. The areas of the main production sites are determined in accordance with their purpose and with the established standards. For example:

    The area of ​​1 workplace for personnel involved in the processes of acquisition and processing of funds - 9 - 12 m 2;

    For the staff of the scientific and methodological service - 9 m 2;

    For administrative staff - 5 - 6 m 2, including for the director (deputy director) - from 15 to 40 m 2.

    The service of the children's part of the population is carried out in a separate, specially equipped, attractive for children library space, which is distinguished by its functionality and unusualness (special furniture, color and decorative design, etc.).

    The dimensions of the premises intended for serving children include indicators of the placement of materials distribution services, individual work (viewing, listening), collective forms of work.

    For children's events, a separate room with a size of 1.5 m2 per 1 place is required. A room intended for children's creative activities can accommodate from 30 to 100 children at the same time and requires an increase in area up to 3 m 2 per 1 seat.
    Provision of libraries with special equipment

    and technical means
    In order to organize the production process, allocate resources and provide high-quality library and information services to the population, the municipal public library must be equipped with special library furniture and equipped with technical means and equipment:

    Racks, stationary and mobile (compact),

    Shelving for periodicals,

    departments,

    catalog boxes,

    cabinets,

    tables, computer tables,

    disc storage racks,

    Chairs-armchairs (computer),

    Equipment for exhibiting documents (showcases, cabinets, etc.),

    A library serving special groups of users (children, disabled people, etc.) must be equipped with special furniture.

    Library furniture must meet the requirements of durability, be comfortable and functional, and meet the requirements of the State Fire Inspection. Along with the interior and design of premises (lighting, color scheme and other elements), library equipment and furniture are the main elements of organizing the library space, creating a comfortable library and information environment.

    The equipment available in the library must have the documentation necessary for its operation, maintenance and maintenance in a safe and working condition.

    The availability of the minimum amount of technical equipment for libraries of municipalities is determined on the basis of:

    For inter-settlement libraries of municipal districts / central libraries of urban districts:

    Computer equipment with licensed software for performing basic library processes (acquiring library funds, maintaining an electronic catalog, providing services to library users, including access points to full-text electronic resources of Russia and other databases);

    Means of copying, replicating documents (scanner, copier, etc.);

    Means that provide users with access to sound and visual information (TV, video two, music center, printer, projector, etc.);

    Communication means (telephone, fax, modem or dedicated communication channel to provide access to the Internet);

    Transport.

    For public libraries in rural/urban settlements:

    At least 2 computers (included in the package: system unit, LCD monitor, keyboard, mouse);

    1 laser printer;

    1 copier;

    1 flatbed scanner;

    1 music center;

    1 VCR or DVD player;

    1 telephone with fax function;

    1 color TV;

    1 slide projector;

    1 Internet access point for every 500 users;

    Special equipment for people with disabilities.

    Software installed on computers in libraries must be licensed and have appropriate supporting documents.

    It is necessary to provide the library with consumables: CDs, cartridges for printers, scanners and copiers, paper for printers and copiers, etc.

    The equipment is used strictly for its intended purpose and in accordance with operational documents, and is also kept in a technically sound condition.

    Morally and physically obsolete special library equipment is written off in a timely manner according to the act, for which the founder develops and approves the standards for the terms and conditions for the operation of special equipment of a public library in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

    Faulty equipment is taken out of service, repaired or replaced, and the suitability of the repaired equipment is confirmed by the appropriate document (warranty certificate of the organization that performed the repair).

    According to the requirements of information and telecommunication technologies, the equipment and software support of the library information systems must be updated at least once every five years.

    Rural library - a library located on the territory of a rural settlement.

    Rural area - settlements on the territory of which activities related to the production and processing of agricultural products predominate.

    The work of the library in the countryside has its own pronounced specifics, the rural library, both public and school, is much weaker in material terms, etc., however, it is designed to solve the same tasks that are faced by libraries operating in the city, and therefore, they can build their work on the same model.

    As Antonenko S.A. writes, “In modern Russian library science, there are various approaches to determining the functions of libraries, divided into internal (technological) and external (social). Internal functions are essential, regardless of the historical period and the conditions for the existence of libraries, they remain unchanged” (4, p.26). According to A.V. Sokolov, the number of social functions is not limited, they are secondary and aimed at meeting the needs of society (47, p. 4). According to A.I. Pashin, the social functions of libraries are manifested in specific historical conditions, and their content depends on the tasks that society solves (42, p.34).

    The list of social functions of the library is extensive. According to S.A. Antonenko, it is external functions that should interest us when studying the rural library as an agent of the socio-cultural development of the village (4, p. 28). Let us turn to the analysis of their content in a historical retrospective.

    From the middle of the XIX century. The educational function is manifested in the library service of the rural population of Russia. The public library during this period was seen as a source of spiritual food for the people. The reader found in it answers to questions of interest to him, developed a worldview, and finally, simply rested behind a book from daytime worries. The book distracted a person from bad society, helped to keep from drunkenness and prevent crimes. The public library was one of the most effective means of educating the people (34, p. 24).

    At the end of XIX - beginning of XX century. the rural library acted as an integral part of the educational process, a social institution that has a significant impact on the cultural atmosphere of the village, the closest partner of the school, which together with it forms the educational space of the village. Thus, she realized the educational function.

    In the pre-revolutionary and in the first years after the revolution, many libraries, including rural ones, actively participated in political life (37, p. 44). After 1917, it became natural to assign to the rural library such a function as propaganda. Analysis of articles from the journal "Red Librarian" for the period 1925-1941. clearly demonstrates the priority of this function. In the 1920s-1930s. N.K. often published in the journal. Krupskaya. She considered library work an important sector of socialist construction, and the rural library a militant educational organization in the countryside, designed to help overcome its economic and cultural backwardness. The library participated in the liquidation of the illiteracy of the people. Among the main activities of rural libraries are overcoming the cultural and economic backwardness of the village, organizing the leisure of the villagers, participating in cooperative educational propaganda, etc. (32, p. 29).

    Publications in the "Red Librarian" of the period of the 1930s - early 1940s. give reason to point out such functions of the rural library as political and educational, cultural and educational, leisure and educational. The rural library became the political and educational body in the countryside. Libraries were entrusted with the task of helping the collective farmers to become on a par with the leading workers. The need for cultural and educational work was emphasized. People turned to the village library not only for a book, a newspaper, a magazine, “they also come here for information, for advice, to check government bonds, to write an application, and the librarian tries to help everyone.” During these years, the rural librarian was a collectivist, contributing to the development of collective farms "through the organization of red corners, reading rooms." Libraries taught how to fight for the harvest in a Bolshevik way, promoted the introduction of the best examples of work, raising the culture of production, rationalizing the technological process, and improving the organization of labor. The libraries created "a cultural environment in which collective farmers could engage in self-education, culturally relax with a book." Cult trips in 1930-1934 helped to educate millions of peasants.

    In the 1950s-1960s. the work of the rural library was aimed at solving the problems facing the country: the restoration of the destroyed village after the war, the emergence of state farms, the development of new lands. The description of the activities of rural libraries in the journal "Librarian" in these years does not contain the rationale for any new social functions. The role of libraries in the rise of the working masses for the restoration of the national economy of the country is noted (essentially, propaganda and political and educational functions); the role of the rural library in organizing the cultural leisure of the population (cultural, educational and leisure functions) is emphasized.

    In the 1970s-1980s. the socio-cultural sphere of the Soviet countryside has undergone changes. Comfortable residential buildings, consumer service complexes, shopping centers, first-aid posts, schools, kindergartens, sports halls, stadiums, houses of culture with branches of art schools, public museums and even art galleries - these were the central estates of collective farms and state farms (3, p. thirty). The introduction of industrial technologies helped to turn peasant labor into a kind of industrial one. The cultural level of the inhabitants has increased, their socio-cultural interests and needs have become more diverse. At the same time, the village library continued to be regarded as a "combat assistant to the party organization in the countryside"; the propaganda function was transformed into an ideological or ideological-educational function. The tasks of the rural library were: the formation of an active life position, civic maturity, political culture of rural residents; assistance in the transformation of a conscious communist attitude to work into the norm for every worker. Leisure, cultural, educational, educational functions were recognized as relevant. Justified and such a function as information. The rural library was supposed to acquaint its readers with the latest achievements of science and technology, to promote the introduction of scientific and technological progress in agriculture (16, p. 2).

    At the beginning of the XXI century. the list of social functions of rural libraries continued to grow. Among the functions of rural libraries in the publications of various authors, educational, leisure, entertainment, self-education, cultural and educational, memorial, local history, museum, as well as the function of social assistance to the population are noted.

    The modern village is going through a process of changing the social structure and the entire social image.

    T.I. Zaslavskaya, characterizing the social structure of the modern village, writes that a significant part of rural residents are beginning to comprehend the basics of a market economy, a social group is being formed that has the ability to survive in a competitive environment. More and more people are guided by the individualistic model of social development (24, p.54). The social structure of the village has not yet been formed, but one can point to such strata as the political and economic elite, large and medium-sized entrepreneurs; middle layer - farmers, private sector managers, part of the creative intelligentsia; the base layer is the majority of people in mental professions (teachers, doctors, cultural workers), workers in the sphere of trade and services, etc.; the bottom layer is the least qualified workers and employees, pensioners, the disabled, internally displaced persons, persons without a profession, chronically unemployed, mothers with many children; marginal groups of the rural population - alcoholics, beggars (24, p. 55)

    Today, the functions of a rural library are determined by the development needs of all aspects of the local community. Such well-known functions as informational, educational, cultural and leisure continue to play an important role. To identify new social functions, it is necessary to analyze the rural library as an element of the socio-cultural environment of the village in all the diversity of its structural ties. The principle of the relevance of the activities of the library to its external environment should be decisive in determining the tasks of a particular library.

    As an example of the functions of rural libraries, illustrating the needs of the modern village as a local society, one can name local history, as well as the functions of social support and consolidation.

    Local history has always been one of the traditional areas of work of the state library, even the concept of “library local history” has been formed.

    Local history function - the activities of the rural library to study the nature, population, economy, history and culture of their settlement. The presence of such a function is proved by the existence of scientific works of rural librarians in the form of unpublished documents, articles in scientific journals and collections, participation in scientific conferences of various levels.

    The local history work of each library is very diverse, each library has its own face, finds its own “zest”, direction, etc.

    In general, in the local history activities of libraries, including rural ones, the following areas can be distinguished:

    • - study of the history of the emergence of its own library and libraries of the region;
    • - studying the history of your settlement;
    • - study of the pedigree of representatives of the local community, compilation of the genealogy of childbirth.

    It is clear that in a real study these areas can be intertwined and combined.

    The second direction of local history work of a rural library - the study of the history of their settlement - is carried out by almost every rural library.

    Many rural libraries are doing a very serious job of studying their small motherland. People want to feel like the true owners of the village, to know their history, to preserve national-ethnic, natural-geographical, cultural-historical, linguistic traditions, etc. (29, p.51)

    Thus, rural libraries are creating their own mini-museums, ethnographic corners, folk archives. On this material, work is carried out on the patriotic education of the younger generation.

    Educational activities in the field of local history find expression in various forms: the creation of clubs, the organization of local history corners at the library, the discussion of local history books, evening meetings with writers, local historians, interesting people, fellow countrymen who have reached certain peaks in life, as well as holding quizzes and competitions for the best connoisseur of the region, travel games, local history readings, village holidays, etc.

    The function of social support is to provide library facilities with all forms of support for villagers in overcoming the difficulties of life. Assistance in the preparation of documents for the elderly to receive social benefits, search for information on the possibilities of material support for low-income families, assistance in the social adaptation of migrants - all these are forms of implementing such a function.

    The consolidation function is perhaps one of the most requested and specific to the modern rural library. Consolidation is understood as strengthening, strengthening something; unification, rallying of individuals, groups, organizations to strengthen the struggle for common goals. The rural library today is often the only socio-cultural institution that promotes communication and rapprochement of the villagers, uniting different social status and nationality segments of the population on the basis of the implementation of common tasks.

    The modern rural library, on the one hand, develops in the conditions of local self-government, and on the other hand, it becomes a subject of local self-government, capable of helping its development. Now many libraries are trying to organize their activities in such a way that the local community would see a partner in the library, which can be very useful in solving social problems.

    Based on this, the main directions of the work of a modern rural library, as well as the forms of providing information and the range of services are determined by priority user groups, their information needs, as well as the needs of local governments.

    The rural library is today a link with the system of libraries of the region, region, country, and finally the world, helping local residents to overcome informational and psychological isolation. From generation to generation people come to the rural library with their needs and requests, in the rural library the inner world of every villager and the cultural spirit of the village itself, the entire society are formed.

    The inclusion of a rural library in the process of building a local community is a completely natural situation. The local community cannot do without a library. The school remains the most closely connected with the library; it is these social institutions that form the educational space in the field ().

    Traditionally, the rural library has always paid considerable attention not only to teachers, but also to other representatives of the rural intelligentsia - doctors, rural specialists, managers, etc.

    However, it should be noted that the information needs of these groups of library users have also changed noticeably recently, and there is a strong desire for self-education in various fields of knowledge.

    Changes in the economic conditions of work in the countryside, the emergence of a multistructural structure, various forms of ownership and management have led to the fact that, in addition to purely special, technological issues, rural specialists (physicians, entrepreneurs, etc.) have become interested in the economic and legal aspects of their professional activities.

    The peculiarity of the work of the rural library - close, everyday contact with the inhabitants of the village - allows you to constantly refine and deepen the request and maximize the individualization of information. In addition, under these conditions, the librarian is able to give the so-called. "preemptive information" that appeared at his disposal.

    A special place among the users of the rural library today is occupied by the so-called. managers.

    This group includes rural akims, economic leaders, etc. These people have to solve a wide range of economic, social, socio-cultural, legal, environmental and other issues, which requires constant work with legislative documents, tracking the necessary information in periodicals, etc. Solving personnel problems, resolving conflict situations in production requires knowledge of psychology and management. It is also necessary to know the experience of local self-government in other regions of the country and abroad.

    Managers need information of a permanent nature, both analytical and factual.

    It should be noted that the degree of usefulness of the library to the management staff will necessarily affect their attitude to the needs of the library itself. Only by constantly proving its usefulness to the rural community, the library has the right to count on its support.

    Farmers and entrepreneurs have become a significant readership group in the countryside.

    Farmers are people of various social strata. Among them there are both indigenous villagers and townspeople who moved to the village. All of them need self-education.

    Objectively, the need for new knowledge is especially experienced by people who, having their own small household, kept it "the old fashioned way", never turned to the library, production information. Having become farmers, they feel the need for more thorough training in production, legal and economic issues.

    Understanding their situation, the rural librarian can form in these people a strong interest in self-educational reading, in the library.

    A study of the situation shows that often good, mutually beneficial relations develop between them and rural structures (including the school and the library): the library tries to fulfill their requests, first of all, of course, business ones, and they provide sponsorship to the library, for example, pay for a subscription periodicals, purchase of new literature, purchase of equipment and software, etc.

    The rural library is also trying to provide its services to part-time students, who are many among rural specialists and graduates of rural schools.

    The library tries to select the necessary literature to complete the educational task, provide information about the available bibliographic sources, etc. The possibility of educational assistance to part-time students increases many times, even if a small library has a computer and a modem, thanks to which it can access information and document resources of large domestic libraries and world information centers, order an electronic copy of a necessary article or even an entire book.

    Today, there are quite a lot of unemployed people among the villagers.

    Among them are people of pre-retirement age and young people. It is the library, using all its capabilities, that can give them the most comprehensive and complete data on the possibilities of education, retraining, the availability of jobs, both in the region and beyond, about employment for the summer period, in their free time, for part-time working day, as well as the conditions for obtaining an early pension, the rules for registering as an unemployed person and his rights, etc. In the library, they can find out how and where to take an aptitude test, as well as what official legislative documents they can rely on when looking for a job.

    As a rule, pensioners, veterans, and the disabled make up a significant group of rural library users.

    These people especially need the help of the library. They are concerned about issues of pension provision, medical, household and social services, changes in pension legislation, and the provision on rights and benefits. They also need legal information, books on fishing and canning, and magazines, for example, Peasant Woman, Your 6 Acres, etc. The rural library, working with these groups of readers, performs not only an informational, but also a social function.

    The rural library, working in a closed socio-cultural environment, with a permanent readership, knowing its not only informational, but also social needs, and being the most socially stable and information-rich institution, cannot but help its users. In practice, this is often implemented in the following way: along with the book, the librarian brings home to the disabled person the medicine bought for him, and sometimes food (24, p. 58).

    Many libraries are deeply aware of this new function of theirs and have developed special programs such as Charity and the Book.

    One of the most important tasks of the library working in the village is the information and cultural saturation of the leisure of rural residents. Visiting the library gives people the opportunity to communicate, which is extremely important in the conditions of the village, where there are no other opportunities (cinemas, restaurants, theatre, museum and even, often, a club). The library becomes the "living room of the community," as American librarians say. It is known that now the library has remained, in fact, the only cultural center that works for free. Despite all the difficulties, circles, interest clubs, lecture halls, etc. are actively working on the basis of many rural and school libraries.

    One of the most important tasks of the library working in the village is the information and cultural saturation of the leisure of rural residents. Visiting the library gives people the opportunity to communicate, which is extremely important in the conditions of the village, where there are no other opportunities (cinemas, restaurants, theatre, museum and even, often, a club).

    The role of a comforter, a calmer, that is, a relaxation function, has increased the demand for rural libraries in recent post-reform years.

    The library becomes the "living room of the community," as American librarians say. It is known that now the library has remained, in fact, the only cultural center that works for free. Despite all the difficulties, circles, interest clubs, etc. are actively working on the basis of many rural and school libraries.

    Organization of evenings, competitions, amateur concerts and theatrical performances, etc. often arranged by the library in conjunction with the club and school libraries. This work requires both great organizational efforts and certain theoretical preparation: familiarity with methodological developments, scenarios, etc.

    Help for student youth. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this area of ​​work of the rural library. Famous words of Academician D.S. Likhachev that “library is the foundation of culture” means that both the culture of society as a whole and the culture of each individual member of it are based on this foundation: as studies show, it is books and reading that form a spiritually mature, educated and socially valuable person .

    The opportunity to "lean" on this foundation - the library - is especially important, of course, for young people. It is necessary that young people, students, especially those living in rural areas, where the cultural infrastructure is not rich, could receive the necessary information, help, advice in the library.

    On the other hand, the library's attention to students and youth largely determines the future life of the village, the possibility of its development, both economic and social.

    The help of the library for young students today is not only in its help in mastering educational subjects, but it also manifests itself in a wider context.

    Today, library services are interpreted by specialists as an activity that contributes to the successful entry of an individual into society, helps in solving the main problems of a given period of life, i.e. in socialization.

    This allows us to consider library services as an activity that helps to increase the level of social security of a young person, which is determined by the value of the information available to the library; and also as a means of “strengthening” the personality, increasing its capabilities and potentialities.

    The readers of this group themselves consider the library, first of all, as a source of obtaining information necessary in the process of education and obtaining a profession, as a place for comfortable communication with peers, as an opportunity to receive help from a qualified and friendly librarian in solving many life and everyday issues.

    That is, the library, including, of course, the rural one, acts today as the most important institution of socialization, operating in conditions where the influence of traditional institutions of socialization (for example, the family) has noticeably weakened. This trend in rural areas is only increasing. Obviously, the work of the library should be closely linked with the work of the school.

    Taking into account the current situation and the needs of users, the library today is trying to build its work based on the parameters of the so-called "information-educational" and "socializing" model.

    The information and educational model was formed under the influence of the general informatization of society, the introduction (although not as decisive as we would like) of computer technology into the real life of the library, which opened up great opportunities for it. The formation of this model also proceeded under the influence of a change in the ideology and philosophy of library services, the library's awareness of its generic qualities: first of all, as a cumulator of knowledge, a collector (and holder) of information.

    The library can also establish public relations to promote a healthy lifestyle for young people, protection from drugs, alcohol, AIDS, etc. young family, etc.

    It should be noted that, while meaningfully revealing each of the stages of socialization of the individual, the library should be, according to Yu.P. Markova, free from political and any other conjuncture, fashion. It should stand on the position of morality, decency, morality, not be tempted by supposedly "advanced" views on life values. Such a “conservative” position of the library is due, in its opinion, primarily to the generic features of the book as a form of printing that prevails in its collections, as an accumulator of established social experience.

    By preserving traditional values ​​and rallying users around itself, the rural library will be able to contribute to the stabilization of the moral climate in the local society.

    The services provided by the library, including the rural one in the course of serving the student youth, are very diverse.

    Most clearly in the activities of libraries are services for the organization of communication. In many libraries, especially school libraries, including rural schools, there are clubs, for example, the Young Historian's Club, the Science Fiction Lovers' Club, etc. Video clubs have appeared in some rural libraries, which significantly change the library atmosphere and library environment.

    In the process of library services for the rural population, a significant place is occupied by current information services, when the library constantly provides information on an issue of interest to someone: a subject teacher, a school principal, a household director, an entrepreneur, etc. A number of rural libraries constantly publish informational lists of new literature (as a rule, quarterly), bulletins of novelties ("News of publishing houses", "Read in magazines", etc.).

    Individual service is widely practiced in the practice of the rural library. Knowing well the problems of the villagers, the librarian can provide ongoing or occasional assistance, for example, inform about a newly acquired book, select lists of books and articles on the topic, carry out preliminary information, etc., i.e. provide operational reference and bibliographic services.

    As a rule, those to whom the rural library provides individual information (including legal) support include the head of the farm, top-level specialists (chief livestock specialist, chief agronomist, etc.), school director, entrepreneurs, etc., depending on real situation in the countryside. The library can provide them with thematic, factual, personal and other references.

    In addition, legal information libraries offer comprehensive services that combine bibliographic, analytical and documentary information.

    In general, the resources at the disposal of legal information centers at fairly large libraries allow us to offer users the following range of services:

    • - search for legal acts in electronic databases;
    • - providing information on the display for a brief introduction;
    • - issuance of a certificate of the place and time of publication of the document;
    • - thematic information;
    • - providing the text of the document;
    • -transfer of information to paper and magnetic media;
    • -search for legal and legal literature in the electronic catalog of the library;
    • - acceptance of orders for the search for a legal act by phone, fax, e-mail;
    • - selection of legislative acts on the requested topic;
    • - implementation of all types of references: factual, bibliographic, annotated, analytical;
    • - provision of periodicals for temporary use;
    • - provision of audio and video materials with lectures on jurisprudence by leading teachers of Moscow universities;
    • - provision of legal information on CD-ROM;
    • - scanning;
    • - computer translation of the text from/into a foreign language;
    • - access to legal Internet sites;
    • - photocopying and printouts of legal acts in black and white and color;
    • - prompt informing about new arrivals;
    • -reservation of the publication for a specific user;
    • - provision of electronic disks coming to the library as an attachment to books and magazines
    • - "night subscription";
    • - opening of "mailboxes" of e-mail;
    • - legal advice;
    • - compiling lists of references for term papers and diploma papers;
    • - advising on the search for legal information;
    • - provision of sample forms of standard documents (contracts, complaints, etc.);
    • - advising on independent work with the legal bases "Lawyer", "Law";
    • - quick search in the presence of the customer;
    • - current address references;
    • - retrospective search;
    • - formation of a package of documents at the request of the user;
    • - provision of details of legal services;
    • - provision of text and spreadsheet editors;
    • - search for information on pre-order;
    • - provision of a PC for independent work;
    • - creation of a title page for written works;
    • - creating ads;
    • - printout from a floppy disk, etc. (35, p.38)

    Of course, small rural libraries are unable to provide all these services. However, it is very important that rural librarians be aware of these opportunities and orient their users towards them.

    The importance of the problem of legal education attracts the attention of local media to the activities of legal centers. Here, too, the contacts are mutually beneficial. On the one hand, representatives of the local newspaper, radio, etc. they themselves can get the necessary information in the center, for example, on copyright issues, on the other hand, the activities of the legal center are covered in their publications.

    Thus, by providing legal assistance to the population, the library also contributes to the formation of local self-government. This area of ​​activity of libraries, which was formed relatively recently, is quite clearly manifested in the experience of rural libraries.

    The above list of functions is not exhaustive. The study of the social functions of a modern rural library should be carried out on the basis of a systematic approach, through the analysis of the socio-cultural space of the village as an environment for the functioning of the library. Such a study involves the active involvement of data from representative sociological and cultural studies of the modern village and has great scientific potential for enriching domestic library science.

    Thus, a modern library operating in the countryside, regardless of its type and type, covers with its activities, in fact, all social groups of the villagers, helping them solve their numerous educational and self-educational problems, which fully meets the requirements for public libraries, provided by the International Library Association (IFLA).

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