Let's consider the operation of the typical functionality of "1C" (in the configurations "1C: Production Enterprise Management for Ukraine", "1C: Payroll and Personnel Management for Ukraine" and "1C: Agricultural Enterprise Management for Ukraine" (from release 2.1.40 and higher).

To calculate and pay an advance in the above configurations, create a document “Payroll to employees of an organization” with the flag “Preliminary calculation” turned on with the date of payment of the advance. To automatically fill in and calculate the document, press the button "Fill and calculate all" (Fig. 1).

Fig 1. Document "Payroll to employees of organizations"

To account for hours worked:
When using the deviation method, register absences, vacations, sick days, etc. relevant documents;
When using the direct timesheet method, it is necessary to generate the document "Timesheet". The document can be filled out both for the first half of the month (strictly from the 1st to the 15th), and for an arbitrary period.
The configurations provide options for convenient completion of this document. For example, a document can be filled with a list of employees for whom the advance amount is calculated (the "Fill" button in the "Employees" tabular section), fill in the accruals (the "Fill" button in the document's command panel or in the "Accruals" tabular section) and perform the calculation (button "Calculate" in the command panel of the document or in the "Calculate" tabular part).

You can analyze the accrual process for a specific employee using the "Calculate" and "For employee with comments" buttons (Fig. 2).

Fig 2. Document "Payroll for employees of organizations" with comments

Consider the example of an employee Lutskova L.P. The accountant calculates the advance for September, a document dated 09/15/15. All primary data are entered using the document “Employment in the organization” and are stored in the information register “Planned accruals of employees of the organization” (Fig. 3).

Fig 3. Document "Employment in the organization"

In the comments to the document “Payroll for employees of organizations” (Fig. 2), it can be seen that “Salary by day” is the type of calculation (indicated when applying for a job), the calculation method is “At the monthly tariff rate”, the calculation procedure is indicated in the in the form of calculation "Plans of the type of calculation"\"Basic accruals of organizations" (Fig. 3).

In our example, the paid time in days is calculated according to the “Five-day” work schedule (the schedule is specified when applying for a job) until the date of the document (09/15/15) and amounted to 11 days. The time norm of 22 days is also taken from the work schedule (Fig. 4).

Fig 4. Directory "Work schedules"

The tariff rate is indicated in the document "Employment of organizations" and can be changed using the documents "Entering information on the planned accruals of employees of organizations", "Personnel transfer of organizations".

The calculation result is 8500 =17000/22*11
Advance payment for the hours worked is documented by the document “Salary payable to organizations” with the type of payment “Advance payment (by preliminary calculation)” (Fig. 5).
This document calculates all taxes that should be transferred from this advance payment by clicking the "Calculate taxes" button. The column "Amount" will indicate the calculated amount to be paid.

Fig 5. Document "Salary payable to organizations"

The program provides payment methods through the bank and through the cashier. In order to make a payment through a bank, you must fill out the document "Entering information about bank cards of employees."

Fig 6. Document "Entering information about bank cards of employees"

Depending on the method of payment, on the basis of the document "Salary payable to organizations", the document "Outgoing payment order" (with the type of operation "Transfer of wages") or the document "Expenditure cash order" (with the type of operation "Payment of wages according to the statement") .

Fig 7. Document "Outgoing payment order"

Fig 8. Document "Expenditure cash warrant"

You can automatically generate payment documents for the payment of an advance, payment of taxes using the processing called by the button "Go" from the document "Salary payable by organizations".

Fig 9. Processing "Formation of payment documents for contributions to funds"

When you click the "Create" and "Post" buttons, the documents "Outgoing payment order" with the type of operation "Transfer of tax" will be generated.

To automatically generate payment documents for the payment of taxes, it is necessary to fill in the information register “Parameters of payment documents for contributions to funds”.

Preparing your child for school is the foundation for successful learning. It is important not only to give basic skills of writing, counting, reading, but also to ensure sufficient development of speech, to teach how to communicate with peers and adults. The wider the horizons of a first-grader, the easier it is to declare oneself in a new team, to gain authority.

Modern realities are such that a poorly prepared child will always be a black sheep compared to more successful classmates. It is easier for children attending a kindergarten or a developmental center for preschoolers to adapt to new conditions and withstand the study load. Parents also need to know how to properly prepare their child for school at 6 years old in order to consolidate the knowledge gained at home.

What should a future first grader be able to do?

Check to see if your child's developmental level meets preschool requirements. Examine the list of requirements, think about whether your daughter or son is ready to cope with the proposed tasks. Give a negative point for each negative answer. The more "minuses", the wider the range of issues that need to be discussed with the preschooler.

The child must be ready for certain actions:

• call all family members by name, introduce themselves, briefly talk about yourself and your hobbies;
• be well versed in vowels, consonants, read simple texts, write in block letters;
• know the differences between the seasons, explain what is now - summer or winter, know the days of the week, months;
• navigate the day, distinguish between morning, lunch and evening;
• know the rules of subtraction and addition;
• name the basic geometric shapes: triangle, square, circle, draw them;
• memorize a short text, retell it;
• in a number of proposed items, find an extra one, explain why he excluded it.

There are other requirements as well. The prospective first grader must:

• master basic self-care skills: without the help of adults, dress, undress, lace up shoes, keep the workplace clean;
• know the rules of conduct in public places, respect others;
• distinguish, correctly name the primary colors, preferably shades;
• describe what is shown in the picture;
• be able to count to 20, then back;
• know the names of parts of the human body, be able to draw people with all the main "details";
• correctly answer the questions: “Where?”, “Why?”, “When?”;
• distinguish between inanimate/animate objects;
• communicate with peers, defend your opinion, but do not beat those who disagree;
• understand that you can not offend classmates and adults;
• sit quietly in class for at least 15-20 minutes. Behave decently, do not be capricious, do not bully other students.

Important! It's hard to catch up during the summer months. You can not waste time for the recovery of children for many hours of classes. So you worsen the health of the nervous system, give too high a load on the growing body, discourage the desire to study. How to avoid overload? The solution is simple: start preparing for school from 3.5–4 years old. Little by little, at an acceptable pace, without pressure on the psyche, you will teach the baby everything you need.

Remember 5 important rules:

• teachers and psychologists recommend conducting classes in a playful way. It is impossible to force, especially, to scream, beat the baby for refusing to study this or that material. The task of parents is to interest, to explain that an educated person will always earn respect among friends, peers and will be successful in life;
• the duration of the mini-lesson is no more than 15 minutes. Between classes, a break of 15–20 minutes is required so that the children can warm up and run;
• alternate math with reading, drawing with physical education, and so on. Prolonged mental stress adversely affects the growing body;
• gradually increase the complexity of the material, do not rush with new tasks until the baby has thoroughly mastered the material covered;
• use study guides with bright, large illustrations. Choose interesting texts that describe animals, birds, natural phenomena. Cultivate kindness, explain how important it is to help others. Offer good fairy tales and stories to study.

Math lessons

Classes for preparing for school in mathematics:

• Start counting with familiar objects: small toys, sweets, vegetables and fruits. Later, switch to counting sticks, special cards. Use only whole numbers at first;
• a great option is to study numbers in pairs, for example 1 and 2, 5 and 6. This makes it easier for the child to understand that 5 apples + 1 = 6 apples. Study one pair for a whole lesson, at the beginning of the next, repeat the material covered for 5–10 minutes, then move on to a new pair;
• experienced teachers recommend studying geometry also in a playful way. Show a circle, a triangle and a square using the cookie as an example. It is easy to find confectionery of any shape in the store;
• did the little student remember the names and shapes of the main figures? Learn to draw them with a ruler (triangle) and a pencil;
• the maximum benefit will come from alternating counting, solving examples and studying geometry.

Writing lessons

• train your hand: babies are not adapted for long writing;
• Great help is provided by classes on the development of fine motor skills. Useful exercises with improvised objects (pasta, beans, soft dough, shoelaces, start at 2-3 years old);
• learn to use comfortable scissors with non-sharp, rounded edges. Cutting out the figure along the contour prepares the hand for writing;
• first, learn to write in block letters, only after memorizing the entire alphabet, go to capital letters;
• explain to the baby that you need to write carefully, do not go beyond the stripes / cells. Buy a comfortable pen, tell me how to hold it;
• learn finger gymnastics, do exercises with your child. Speak together: “We wrote, we wrote, our fingers are tired. And now we will rest and start writing again.
• choose a writing notebook that meets the requirements of the modern school. In specialized stores there are many useful benefits.

Reading lessons

• these activities come first. The sooner a small student masters reading, the easier it will be for him to study other subjects;
• learn the letters alphabetically. Draw a big letter, mold it from plasticine, tell us what the symbol looks like. For example, O - glasses, D - house, F - beetle. Show the letter if it is obtained with the help of fingers, arms, legs, torso;
• read a short text, put the story in front of the baby, ask them to find the letter that they just learned, for example, A;
• ask what the text is about, be sure to ask a few questions about what you read;
• later ask to retell;
• after the lesson, rest is required, then switching to another type of activity.

How to wash a boy? Read helpful tips for parents.

The rules of nutrition and the menu for diabetes in a child are described on the page.

At the address and read about the diagnosis of pulpitis of milk teeth and the methods of its treatment.

Creative tasks

• learn to use paints, brushes, felt-tip pens;
• let the young student hatch the space inside the outlined area. Suitable material - coloring pages with large and small details;
• combine drawing, modeling, applications with the study of geometric shapes. For example: a house is a square, a watermelon is a circle, a roof is a triangle;
• offer to blind letters, numbers, so that they are better remembered.

Psychological readiness of the child for school

Consider the opinion of psychologists and educators. Experts believe that it is easier for first-graders to join the team, to accept new rules, prohibitions, routines, if certain skills are developed.

Teachers and psychologists have compiled a list of requirements, according to which a child at the age of 6 is ready to attend school:

• wants to learn, has a craving for knowledge;
• is able to compare various objects, concepts, draws conclusions based on analysis;
• understands why children go to school, has the skills of social behavior, is aware of his own "I";
• at least briefly keeps attention on the subject that is studying;
• tries to overcome difficulties, brings the matter to the end.

How to psychologically prepare children for school: tips for parents:

• talk with the baby, read, communicate;
• after reading, discuss the text, ask questions. Ask the child's opinion, encourage him to analyze the situations described in a fairy tale, poem or story;
• play “School” with your son or daughter, change roles “teacher - student”. Lessons - no longer than 15 minutes, pauses, physical education minutes are required. Praise the little student, give advice in the correct form;
• Show by personal example how to overcome difficulties. Do not allow to leave the case halfway, tell me, advise, but do not finish (finish, finish writing) for the child. Finish the job together, but not instead of the child;
• Avoid being overprotective. You can’t get used to treating your son or daughter like a little one, don’t you let them act on their own? Think about whether it will be comfortable for a little clumsy child in a children's team if he alone cannot quickly get dressed or tie his shoelaces. To avoid ridicule, offensive nicknames will help the recognition of the child's right to independence. Encourage the desire for independence, teach how to dress, undress, eat properly, cope with laces and buttons;
• teach to communicate with peers, visit more often, organize games in the yard, if the children do not always find a common language, also participate in games, suggest how to play and not quarrel. Never laugh at your son or daughter in front of children (eye to eye too): low self-esteem is the cause of many troubles, self-doubt;
• create positive motivation, explain why you need to study. Tell us how many new and interesting things the children will learn in the lessons;
• explain what discipline is, why silence is needed in the classroom during the explanations of new material. Teach to ask questions, if something is not clear, say that the teacher cannot ask everyone how the material was learned. Students should also think about themselves and the maximum acquisition of knowledge;
• tell me that you need to defend your interests without shouting and fists, by civilized methods. Teach self-respect, explain why you should not show excessive timidity or aggressiveness. Simulate several situations that often arise at school when communicating with peers, think about the way out. Listen to the opinion of the child, offer your own version if the son or daughter does not know what to do. Be attentive to the interests of the child, teach the rules of communication, encourage good deeds and deeds.

When preparing a child for school, take into account the advice of psychologists and teachers, show interest, inspire a small student. From an early age, develop a craving for knowledge, communicate, study the world around you. It is always easier for a well-prepared first-grader to master the school curriculum than for a child with a lack of elementary skills and limited horizons.

More useful tips for parents of future first graders in the following video:

Good day, friends! Glad to see you on the pages of my blog.

School soon? Congratulations! And I wish you successful preparation. What do you think, is it possible to successfully prepare a child for school at home? Does it make sense? And is it needed at all?

And I'll give you my answer right away.

Yes maybe!

Yes, it has!

Yes, you need!

She is needed! Even if a preschooler attends special courses, development centers or is engaged with. Because no one, even the most super-duper-mega-cool teachers, will be able to give the child what parents can give, just by studying with him at home.

In order to independently prepare a child for learning, it is not at all necessary to have a diploma of higher pedagogical education. Just like you don't have to be a baker to bake a cake. All you need is a list of ingredients and a recipe. It's the same with preparation!

Say, what else and experience may be required? Well, yes, probably. But you have it! How long have you known your future first-grader? Years 6 - 7? And all this time you communicated with him, taught him something, explained something to him. You know him like no one else! Here it is your precious experience! Moreover, while preparing for school, you won’t have to do anything so extraordinary.

The list of ingredients for a delicious pre-school preparation will be just below. And right now, let's find out what we need to strive for? Let's draw a verbal portrait of a preschooler who is completely ready to study at school.

Lesson plan:

Portrait of a future first grader

The child is ready for school if

He is able to control his behavior. Behavior does not depend on momentary desires, but on the requirements of an adult (teacher) or the rules of behavior in a given situation. The child understands that he needs it in order to achieve any goal.

He is able to make independent decisions. It draws on knowledge gained and experience.

He is emotionally responsive. Empathizes with the heroes of books, movies, etc. Able to respond to the beauty of the surrounding nature, music, works of art.

He mastered both verbal (with the help of words) and non-verbal (with the help of gestures and facial expressions) means of communication with peers and adults. Can carry on a dialogue.

He is able to complete the tasks assigned to him. Can find solutions to intellectual and personal problems.

He is able to bring his ideas to life. With the help of drawings, modeling, designing.

He has a broad outlook. Able to classify, generalize, sort the surrounding objects, phenomena, concepts.

He is able to perform graphic tasks (hatching, coloring, writing small elements). The hand is prepared for writing, fine motor skills are developed. Able to handle small objects.

He is able to remember what he heard, what he saw, what happened. Memory is developed.

He knows how to express his thoughts. Able to maintain dialogue. Pronounces sounds correctly. Vocabulary is rich.

The portrait of this preschooler is not taken from the ceiling. And these are not my fantasies. These are the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education (Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education). Notice that in the portrait there is not even a hint that before entering school you already need to know the letters, read and count.

Previously, future first-graders were required to have knowledge and skills, and since 2014, attention has been paid to the personal characteristics of children and their level of development.

Isn't it time for us to figure out the ingredients already? I think it's time! So let's get started.

List of ingredients for delicious preparation

Grab a pen, write it down. For delicious preparation we need:

1. Memory development.
2. The development of attention.
3. Development of thinking.
4. The development of speech.
5. The development of fine motor skills.
6. Development of orientation on a sheet of paper.
7. Development of orientation in space.
8. perseverance.
9. Motivation.
10. Sociability.
11. Curiosity.
12. Independence.
13. hygiene skills.
14. Knowledge about the environment.
15. Ability to read.
16. The ability to count.

Well, wow, the list turned out. As many as 15 points! By the way, if it seems to you that I forgot about something, please write about it in the comments to the article. I will be very grateful.

Diagnostics

Now back to our pies. Let's say you need cabbage for a pie. And you have as many as five heads of cabbage in your refrigerator. Will you go to the store for cabbage? Of course not. There are so many of her!

Now let's move on to preparation. Do you succeed with me? Fine! If your son or daughter has an excess of any preparatory ingredient, does it need to be developed? For example, memory, well, just phenomenal! But perseverance could be more. Then we pay attention to perseverance, and sometimes we just support memory.

How to find out what exactly is missing? How to find gaps to be filled? This is where diagnostics or testing comes in. On how to conduct tests, you can, and even better, seek help from psychologists or educators.

Artyomka recently had such a diagnosis in the kindergarten. The psychologist talked with the children. We were advised to pay more attention to the development of communication skills, that is, communication. But everything else is good!

It is necessary to carry out a diagnosis before the start of preparation for school. And then you will know exactly what you need to pay special attention to.

And now we turn to a detailed study of our preparatory ingredients.

Memory development

Memory is a general designation for a complex of cognitive abilities and higher mental functions for the accumulation, preservation and reproduction of knowledge and skills.

If you do not pay attention to the development of memory, then the child at school will have a hard time. After all, there is always something to remember and remember. Either rules, then poems, then the multiplication table. Memory can and should be developed. How? Special games and exercises will help. A lot of them. Here I will talk about one very popular and useful game.

The game is called "Big Change". What's the point? Items are laid out on the table. Any items. The child looks at the table for one minute and tries to remember everything he sees. Then he turns away. You remove one item. The child looks at the table again and tries to remember what is missing.

You can also add items or swap them. This game trains visual memory. And besides visual memory, there is also auditory memory, motor, emotional and others. You can’t talk about it in a nutshell, so soon I will write a separate article entirely devoted to the development of memory. Subscribe to blog updates so you don't miss it.

Development of thinking

Thinking is a cognitive activity of a person.

With thinking, too, not everything is so simple. It is necessary for the child to learn new knowledge. Thinking is:

• effective;
• figurative;
• logical.

Development of attention

"Attentively". Favorite word of teachers. Let's take a look at the board! Listen carefully to me! Read the task carefully!

Attention is the selective focus of perception on a particular object.

I think that no one will argue with the fact that it is very necessary for successful schooling.

From the teacher who leads the preparatory courses, I learned about a very interesting way to develop this ability. "Correction test". It is used to assess the stability of attention. But you can also use it for training.

Corrective proof is a set of characters randomly printed on a sheet of paper. It can be letters, numbers or some kind of icons. You can even use old unnecessary books or magazines. You give your child a proof sheet and a pencil. You will also need a watch with a second hand or a stopwatch. Set a task, for example, cross out all the letters "A". Record 2 minutes. After two minutes, look what happened. How many mistakes? How far have you progressed? See if there is any progress next time.

Labyrinths.

A good exercise for developing concentration of attention are all sorts of different labyrinths. Many mazes can be found in children's magazines.

Another good exercise. You pronounce the names of domestic animals, wild animals and birds at random. Cow, stork, bear, hare, magpie, cat, fox, etc. The task of the child, when he hears the name of a domestic animal is to stomp, wild - to clap, birds - to crow.

Speech development

Here you should pay attention to three points:

1. Correct pronunciation of sounds.
2. Rich vocabulary.
3. The ability to express your thoughts.

If the child pronounces sounds incorrectly, then run to a speech therapist. Sounds can be put, the main thing is not to miss the time. The best time to start classes with a speech therapist is 4-5 years. This is what speech pathologists think. What if the child is already 7? Late? No, it's not too late! But you need to start speech therapy classes right now.

Vocabulary and the ability to express your thoughts. This is easier, you can do it on your own. Talk to your child, ask him questions, discuss with him what he has read or seen. Talk about specific topics. For example, today consider the topic “Wintering Birds” in more detail. Look at the pictures, say the names of the birds, tell them why they need help in winter and how. Tomorrow, talk about the seasons.

Speech must be constantly developed. At home, on a walk, before going to bed, in transport.

Development of fine motor skills

Fine motor skills - a set of coordinated actions of the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems, often in combination with the visual system in performing small and precise movements with the hands and fingers and toes. When applied to the motor skills of the hand and fingers, the term dexterity is often used.

It is necessary to develop fine motor skills not only to make it easier for a child to hold a pen in his hands and draw beautiful hooks and loops. Fine motor skills affect both thinking and speech. It is not for nothing that they say that the mind lies at the tips of our fingers. So I advise you to pay special attention to its development.

The development of motor skills is facilitated by:

• Painting;
• modeling from plasticine;
• folding puzzles, mosaics;
• constructor games;
• winding threads on a ball;
• stringing beads on a thread;
• cutting with scissors;
• paper tearing;
• application;
• prescription.

And this list can be continued for a long time. You can read more about fine motor skills and preparing your hand for writing.

Paper Orientation

When I first heard the phrase: "Teach your child to navigate on a piece of paper." I thought: “What are you talking about? What is it like?"

Everything turned out to be very simple.

Place a sheet of paper and pencils in front of the child. Explain to him which side is considered the top, which is the bottom, right, left. Where is top right, bottom right, top left and bottom left. Where is the center. And let's take turns doing the tasks, for example:

1. Draw a square in the upper left corner.
2. Draw a rectangle in the lower right corner.
3. Draw a Christmas tree under the square.
4. Draw a big circle in the center.
5. To the right of the large circle, draw another small circle.
6. Draw a triangle in the upper right corner.
7. Write the letter "A" in the lower left corner.
8. Next to it write the letter "B", etc.

If you manage to complete these tasks, then everything is in order with the orientation. If there were mistakes, then you need to train more. By the way, this task also develops concentration.

Development of orientation in space

Orientation in space, as well as perseverance, motivation, sociability, curiosity, independence are links in one chain -. She has a blog post dedicated to her. Read, you will learn a lot of interesting things.

hygiene skills

It is very important to convey to the child the need to monitor their appearance. You need to look neat at school. Keep your hands, face, clothes, shoes clean. Keep the workplace in order and take care of things. At school, a mother who is ready to help will not be around.

Talk to your child about their responsibilities. He can make his own bed or clean his shoes and leave them to dry. Clean up your desk and toys. There is no need to finish for the child what he did not have time or did not want to do. You're doing him a disservice by doing this. At school, these skills will be very useful to him.

Knowledge about the environment

At school, even such a subject is "The world around us." The child must be aware of his surroundings. There is a list of topics and questions in which the child should be guided by the beginning of school life. In this list:

• Name of parents, their place of work and profession;
• your own full name;
• the address;
• primary colors;
• seasons and names of months;
• days of the week;
• natural phenomena;
• migratory and wintering birds;
• wild and domestic animals;
• trees;
• flowers;
• mushrooms;
• vegetables and fruits;
• furniture;
• dishes;

Reading and math

Despite the fact that now it seems like no one officially requires these skills, most parents prefer to teach their child to read and count before school. The opinion of primary education teachers is: “If you don’t know how, we’ll teach you! But it’s better to have at least a little skill.”

If the child attended kindergarten, it will be easier. The kindergarten program includes classes in both reading and mathematics. And then you only need to maintain these skills in it. Read books, solve simple examples.

My Artemka loves to read. Especially different signs on shops. Yes, and he also loves it. Pigeons, for example, steps in the entrance, cars passing by, steps. Well, according to the primer N.S. Zhukova, we also work with him daily.

We also do tasks to find the sound in the word. Where is the sound located? At the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a word?

In transport, if we are going somewhere, we play with words. You probably know the rules of this game. You need to name a word that begins with the last letter of the previous word. Steamboat - house - bridge - path, etc. It is very cool when passengers on the bus begin to prompt with excitement.

Tyoma also likes the Ten game very much. That's what we call her. The point is to take turns naming 10 words for a certain letter.

Well, if you set yourself the task of teaching your child to read independently. That is from scratch. Letters first, then syllables, then words. So I would advise you to contact a specialist, at least for advice. Or use . This case has its own subtleties. And you can teach a child in such a way that later the teacher will be tormented by retraining.

Here, watch this video, I think it will explain a lot to you.

If you have not yet lost the desire to teach your child to read on your own, then I wish you good luck.

How to deal with a child?

How to make sure that the child does not have to be forced to study? That he was looking forward to these classes? You have to give him what he wants. What does the child want? The child wants to play! The game, as psychologists say, is the main activity for older preschool children.

So classes need to be done.

A few more touches to our recipe:

• come to classes only with a good mood;
• the duration of one lesson is no more than 15 minutes, then a break;
• there will be more sense from short daily lessons than from one long one on weekends;
• praise the child more often and instill confidence in him that everything will work out for him;
• if something does not work out, do not swear, but support;
• make a schedule for yourself to make it easier to navigate what is happening;
• do not only at home, sitting at the table, but everywhere and always. For example, while walking through the autumn park, you can talk about the seasons, about the features of autumn, about trees and migratory birds, and also collect a herbarium and make beautiful crafts.

Well, friends, it seems that she told everything that she knew. Wish you luck! Yes, and myself too. And let's make it possible to say with pride and joy on the first of September: “We have done everything that needs to be done! Ready for school! Hooray!"

Well, to make it really so, I advise you to sign up for a cool, useful and, which is very nice, free webinar right now. It is called “How to prepare a child for school without problems in 20-30 minutes a day?”

And visit again!

Here you are always welcome!

Proper preparation of children for school is the key to their future excellent studies. It is necessary that before the start of education, the child masters the basics of spelling, mathematics (initial stage), reading.

A broad outlook and communication skills with peers will contribute to his authority among peers and teachers.

Such preparation will allow the baby to feel more confident in the new environment., it is easier to enter the regime of increased training loads.

The Federal State Educational Standard provides for when to enroll in school, the child must master basic skills in preparation for the new school year.

The following preparedness is provided:

• Intellectual.
• Psychological.
• Social.
• Motivational.
• Physical.

A development circle would be helpful. Parents do not need to have a special education at all, it is important to learn the basic rules.

Classes for preschoolers will be effective in establishing a rigid daily routine. In order to prepare a child for an academic discipline, it is important to develop in advance the habit of a study and rest regimen.

This will allow you to correctly distribute the necessary time for classes, home preparation, rest.

Important how well the exercises are chosen to develop the basic skills required for the educational process.

Developing tasks for the child before the new school year

Do not forget that the child will more successfully master the new knowledge presented in the form of a game. Motor development.

The following activities will help you improve your writing skills:

• Performing pencil hatching in a notebook at different angles.
• Filling in the prescription.
• Drawings using pencils, felt-tip pens, watercolors.
• The process of sculpting figurines from plasticine.
• Cutting paper silhouettes with scissors.
• Applications.
• A game with a mosaic or constructor.
• Self-tying shoelaces.

For the development of memory will be useful:

• Ask the child to retell the story they read.
• List what you saw during the day in the evening.
• Tell about the TV programs or cartoons you watched.
• Draw an object seen before or describe it verbally.

The following exercises will help develop mindfulness:

1. Joint search in the room for objects, whose name begins with one letter - who will be the first to complete the task.
2. If an adult is busy- in the process of work, when telling a fairy tale, you can ask the child to clap his hands when a word is pronounced with a certain letter or when animals are mentioned.
3. Encourage your child to do two things at the same time, for example, sculpt and retell a fairy tale.

In addition to developing these skills it is important to prepare the child for school psychologically. He must be ready to communicate with peers and teachers while still in kindergarten.

Here are some tips for parents that can help with the initial preparation of future first graders at home:

1. No need to overly overload the baby, so as not to lose interest in classes.
2. The established daily routine should correspond to future studies.
3. Do not forget about the game form of training.
4. Diversify the preparatory process.
5. The child should regularly be in the fresh air, play outdoor games.
6. Properly prepare the work area to ensure sufficient lighting, the required height of the table and chair.
7. Developing computer games are able to assist in the preparation.
8. It will help to develop motor skills of movements if the child simultaneously undergoes musical training.

If you are at a loss with the choice of exercises, refer to the Internet - various manuals are offered there.

The notes prepared on their basis will be useful. An experienced teacher can help.

If your child has problems pronouncing certain sounds, a speech therapist can be helpful.

Proper individual preparation of the baby will be invaluable for the upcoming educational process.

Preparing for school: programs and exercises

Here are some exercises to prepare a preschooler. Like training visual memory. Arrange 6 playing cards in one row.

Ask the baby to remember their location and turn away. Swap two of them and have him point out which cards have changed.

Repeat the exercise several times, gradually increasing the number of cards, you can arrange them in several rows.

exercise number	Duration	Class	What is achieved	What will be required
1	Half an hour	Cube game. magic windows	Correct perception of color shades and sizes. Determining the shape of figures, distinguishing colors and sizes of objects	Cubes. Cards in different colors
2	Half an hour	Fairy Seeds. magic parrot	Training of visual memory, mindfulness. The development of auditory memory, mindfulness	Cards depicting fruits, vegetables and seeds. syllable set
3	Half an hour	Fairytale illustrations. Bunny	The development of correct perception and the ability to compose a story from one image. Development of writing skills	A series of cut plot pictures. Drawing of a bunny with a house, pencil

Consider what the exercises are:

1. Cubes.

Choose the largest and smallest cubes. We count their total number, including in the opposite direction. We count the number of cubes of a certain color and size. We add different shapes from cubes.

2. Magic windows.

You will need 12 cards of primary colors and shades, 5 figures of different shapes: round, square, rectangular, and so on.

It is assumed that the magician built wonderful windows of various shapes and colors.. Offer to describe some of them and choose the ones you like the most.

3. Fairy Seeds.

You will need 9 cards with painted fruits, vegetables and their seeds. A strong wind mixed the decomposed seeds and fruits.

You need to sort them out. Discreetly removing one of the cards, offer to determine the loss.

4. Magic Parrot.

Invite your child to feel like a magical parrot, able to list various phrases from memory.

Name a few syllables, the child must repeat them in the same order. Name a few words and ask the child to repeat in the same order.

5. Fabulous illustrations.

You will need:

• Three cards with drawings: one divided in two, the second - into four fragments, the third - into six.
• 3-4 images of various subjects.

1. There are magical images who are constantly confused. It is necessary to add them correctly, in order of increasing complexity: starting with divided into 2 parts and ending with 6.
2. Other pictures are whole, but they need to be ordered as the story progresses. Ask them to retell a possible plot of the story.

6. Bunny.

The picture shows a hare and his house. Between them is a winding path. To help the bunny return home, you need to draw a line along the center of the path without lifting your pencil, without crossing its borders.

The proposed set of exercises is far from the only one possible, but it will help the child learn the necessary skills and prepare for school. It all depends on your imagination and desire.

The basis of successful schooling is good and timely preschool preparation. It is better to start this process at 3.5-4 years old, because today's requirements for first-graders are quite high. And if the child is already 6 years old and no one has worked with him before, then it will be more difficult to prepare him. There is a list of skills that are mandatory for a future student, which are not easy to master in a short time. And here the question becomes relevant how to prepare a child for school at home at 6, 7 years old?

To answer this question, we first consider what specific requirements exist for today's first grader. The child who is going to the first class must:

• be able to introduce himself, tell something about himself, what he is fond of, name the members of his family;
• be able to write printed letters, distinguish between vowels and consonants well, be able to read light text;
• learn the days of the week, the names of the months, seasons, say what time of the year it is;
• distinguish between morning, lunch and evening;
• learn simple mathematical operations: addition and subtraction;
• understand simple geometric shapes, such as a square, circle, triangle, be able to draw them;
• be able to retell short texts;
• be able to exclude unnecessary from a number of items and explain your choice;
• be able to take care of themselves: dress, undress, tie shoelaces, maintain order in the workplace;
• be able to behave in society, respect elders:
• learn colors and preferably their shades;
• describe the picture
• be able to count to twenty and from twenty to one;
• learn the parts of the human body and be able to draw it correctly;
• be able to answer questions, “When?”, “Why?”, “Where?”;
• distinguish between animate and inanimate objects;
• be able to defend your point of view without getting into a fight with those who do not agree;
• be able to speak politely with peers and adults;
• be able to sit quietly in class, without whims and games with other students;

As you can see, the list is quite extensive and it is very difficult to acquire these skills in a short time. After all, when preparing for school, you need to follow some rules:

How to prepare a child for school at home at 5, 6, 7 years old

It is clear that in order to prepare for school, it is not enough just to learn numbers and letters. It is important to comprehensively develop a child so that he can communicate with peers at the right level, but how to properly prepare a child for school at home at 5, 6, 7 years old and not discourage learning?

Knowing something interesting will make it much easier to establish yourself well among your classmates. And vice versa: being poorly prepared in this regard, the child can become an outsider in the team. Of course, it is easier for children from preschool institutions to get used to school than for those who have this preparation at home. But if you still decide to prepare your child for school at home, we bring to your attention our recommendations for these classes.

Reading lessons

• these classes are paramount relative to all the others, because having mastered reading, it will be easier for a child to deal with other subjects (you can read more about how to easily and quickly teach a child to read in);
• Letters should be taught in alphabetical order. For clarity, you can fashion them from plasticine and guess what the letter looks like. For example, “g” - for a beetle, “o” - for glasses, and so on. You can also interest the child by showing the letters with your hands or with your whole body. For ideas on how to easily and playfully learn all the letters with your child, see
• read a simple text to the future student and ask him to find the letter he has just studied in it;
• invite the child to answer questions on the text, tell what it says, retell it;

Mathematics

• it is good to start these classes by counting simple, familiar objects, such as toys, sweets, fruits. Later, you can gradually switch to counting sticks or special cards. Learn to count with whole numbers;
• effectively learn numbers in pairs. For example, 1 and 2, 5 and 6. So it will be easier for the child to understand that if you add one to five apples, you get six apples. For one lesson, you need to study one number pair, and at the beginning of the next, repeat what you have learned and only then start with new numbers.
• to interest a child in geometry, you can study geometric shapes using cookies as an example. Today in stores you will find square, and round, and triangular cookies.
• when simple figures are studied, one can take up their drawing with a ruler;
• It is useful to alternate all of these activities with each other.

writing lessons

• the baby's hand should be prepared for writing, because it is not yet ready for this type of activity;
• very well in this regard, classes on the development of fine motor skills affect. In two or three years, you can use cereals, pasta, beads for this; learn to tie shoelaces;
• teach your child to use children's safety scissors with rounded ends - this also prepares the hand well for writing;
• first you need to learn how to write in block letters, and only after receiving the first results in this direction, you should start with capital letters;
• teach your child to write neatly without going beyond the line;
• use a handle that will be comfortable for your baby;
• finger gymnastics is of great help in preparing for writing. It will be effective if you do it with your child, saying “We wrote, we wrote, our fingers are tired. We'll take a break and start writing again."
• The notebook in which you are going to write must meet modern school requirements. Stores offer a wide variety of writing aids;

Creative activities

• teach your child to use a brush with, pencils, felt-tip pens, etc .;
• it’s good if the kid learns to shade the shapes without going beyond their borders. Use for this with large details in the drawings;
• effectively combine creative activities with the study of geometric shapes. For example, you made a watermelon application and immediately noticed that it resembles a circle;
• and vice versa: you can draw, cut and sculpt letters and numbers. So the child will better learn what is being studied;

Psychological readiness for school

Psychologists say that the adaptation of the child at school will be more gentle if the first grader has developed certain skills. Here is their list:

• desire to study, interest in knowledge;
• the ability to analyze and draw conclusions, compare objects and concepts;
• understanding the goals of learning at school, awareness of one's "I", sociability;
• focus on what is being studied at the moment;
• overcoming difficulties, the ability to finish what you started.

In order to prepare the child for school from the psychological side, parents should:

• communicate with the future student, read together and discuss what they read;
• when discussing a read fairy tale or story, incline the child to think about what is described in the text, teach him to draw conclusions and express his own opinion about what he read;
• show the child what school is in a playful way, praise the child during the game, give accurate advice. It is good if you change the roles of "student" and "teacher";
• do not complete tasks instead of the child, teach him to do it on his own or with a little help from you;
• do not limit the independence of your child. Overprotection can only harm him. If you do not allow the child to learn in due time to independently perform such simple actions as tying shoelaces, fastening buttons, dressing and undressing, folding his clothes neatly into place, etc., he may become the subject of ridicule in the children's team. And vice versa: healthy independence will help the child to assert himself in the new society and gain the necessary authority.
• teach your child to communicate with peers: arrange games with other children in the yard or at home, take part in these games yourself and, along the way, gently tell your child how to better communicate with peers and not quarrel.
• try never to laugh at your baby in private, and especially in the presence of other children. This can give rise to low self-esteem in the child, from which self-doubt develops;
• In order to stimulate the child to learn, use positive motivation. Tell him how much new, useful and interesting things he can learn in the lessons at school;
• teach the kid to be disciplined, explain to him why silence is needed in the classroom during the lesson.
• teach your child to ask the teacher questions if something is not clear. Let him be afraid of not knowing something, than to clarify it with the teacher. Explain to the kid that he should take care of his knowledge himself.
• help your child learn self-respect, understand that excessive aggression or, on the contrary, timidity can harm him. After all, you need to be able to defend your point of view calmly, without screaming and fighting. Try to play typical situations that develop between children at school. During the game, you will be able to see how your child is ready for such situations, you can give him advice, teach him how to behave correctly. You can also offer your child your own way out of this situation, but only after you listen to the child's opinion on this matter. Of course, you need to encourage the child to do well in any case.

Health issues and school

A special place in preparing for school is occupied by the issue of the health of the future student.

It is very important in the course of this preparation and in the course of the training itself to be able and teach the future student something and not harm his health.

At the age of 6-7 years, the child undergoes such important changes as the change of teeth and the intensive growth of the whole organism. This is the age when the need for movement in children is very high. And if it becomes possible to sit down at a desk at the age of 7, then from the point of view of health, this is much better for the child. If you have to send your child to school at the age of 6, then special attention should be paid to the quality of physical training that your future educational institution offers you. It is very good if the school has an equipped gym and a swimming pool. Indeed, in addition to acquiring new knowledge, a child needs frequent physical education lessons so that blood vessels and the heart work actively, so that there is an appropriate load on the joints, etc. Also, for the health of students, arbitrary physical activity during breaks is useful and it is very good if the classroom is ventilated during the absence of students.

On the part of parents, one of the components of a healthy preparation for school is the right summer vacation before studying. As you know, a child needs to rest:

• from communicating with a large number of people and, accordingly, from contacts with sources of various infections;
• from a huge amount of household chemicals and exhaust gases;
• from catering.

Dr. Komarovsky describes the ideal vacation for a child as follows: “a cottage in the village, where there are a minimum of people, where mom or grandmother cooked something from the garden, and where there are definitely no household chemicals.” That is, the ideal rest for a child from the point of view of a doctor is “an inflatable pool with well water, a dump truck poured sand nearby, a dirty, hungry child climbs from the water into the sand and shouts “Mom, let me eat!” If a child spends the summer like this, then his heart, blood vessels, mucous membranes will work perfectly and he will be ready to meet new friends and, accordingly, new infections.

Developing the natural curiosity of your child, get to know the world around you, people and communication with them. Given the advice of psychologists, educators and doctors on how to prepare a child for school at home at 6 years old, do not forget to show personal interest in the process, which will further inspire the future student. If a first-grader is prepared for school, if he has the basic skills for learning, his horizons are broadened, and he knows how to communicate with his peers, then it will be much easier for him to study at school than otherwise, if he is not adequately prepared.

How to prepare a child for school: video

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