Engineers managed to achieve a high speed of trains and steamboats. On the other hand, crashes from the breakdown of wagon and locomotive axles, and on steamboats - crankshafts, became more frequent.

The same thing happened in factories and factories, where engineers also sought to increase the speed of machines. The more revolutions the engine made, the faster the machines worked, the more often there were accidents from broken parts.

Commissions of specialists worked in vain, looking for the cause of the disaster, and laboratories worked for months, studying the quality of the metal: the calculation of the dimensions turned out to be correct, the margin of safety was sufficient, and the metal was quite benign.

What is the reason for the breakdowns that entailed disasters?

It was only possible to notice that parts that are subjected to repeated variable loading almost always break.

An example of such a load is the work of a steam engine rod. Its end is connected to a connecting rod that rotates the crankshaft, and for a steam locomotive - with the help of a crank, the drive wheel.

The piston moves in the cylinder either forward or backward, and with it the direction of movement of the rod changes. Moving forward, the rod is subjected to compression along the axis, while moving backwards, it is stretched. It is easy to prove that the magnitude of the load on it also changes.

But why does a repeated variable load destroy the part, while a constant load of the same magnitude is endured by it indefinitely? What happens under the influence of such a load in the metal?

Nobody could answer this question.

Engineers began to say that under the influence of a variable load, the metal "gets tired", although this word does not explain anything and does not correspond to the essence of the phenomenon.

After all, muscle fatigue, that is, the weakening of its ability to contract, is a much more complex phenomenon. There is no analogy between it and the breakdown of a part.

However, the word “fatigue” was liked and is used in technology even now that the real cause of the destruction of parts under the influence of a variable load has been found.

Therefore, a new concept appeared - the "endurance" of metals: the longer the part does not "get tired", the more "hardy" the metal from which it is made. All these words did not explain the riddles of unexpected breakdowns. Their true cause remained unknown.

However, if the metal really "gets tired", then it is necessary to establish new norms for permissible stresses, all the old reference books become unusable, practical experience accumulated over decades loses its value ...

But the old engineers didn't want to give up so easily. They demanded that the dependence of the "endurance" of the metal on repeated variable loads be proved.

Here nothing could be explained by any reasoning. Disputes would be pointless: only experience could decide whether the supporters of the “fatigue” of metals were right.

During the second half of the last century, technical societies often discussed the "fatigue" and "fluidity" of metals, the effect of vibrations on machine parts, on the hulls of ships, and other issues that arose in engineering practice.

Undoubtedly, many researchers of this problem remained unknown to posterity. After all, not everyone who made experiments could publish their results in the press. In the technical literature, however, the names of some pioneer researchers who tried to penetrate into the essence of the phenomenon of "fatigue" of metals have been preserved.

One such researcher was the German mining engineer Albert, who had long wondered why lift chains broke.

Buckets and cages were hung on chains lowered into the mine. The chain was thrown over the pulley and wound onto the drum of the lifting machine. Its links experienced the action of a bending load. When lowered into the shaft, the chain left the drum and the bending of its links stopped. They were only affected by stretching. When lifting, the bend was repeated again.

How to explain the breaks in the chains?

Albert decided that the reason for them was the frequent change in the bending of the chain links when winding around the winch drum and bending around the pulley. He tested this assumption experimentally.

Section through the steam cylinder of a vertical steam engine. The piston rod moves up and down, being alternately compressed and stretched.

In his experiments, Albert subjected the samples to a bend that was repeated up to a hundred thousand times. Only after so many load changes did he carefully inspect the chains for cracks formed in the chain links under the influence of a variable load.

What patience the researcher of the endurance of metals must have!

But that didn't scare the others either. In the 50s of the last century, English captains James and Galton engaged in similar experiments. To test endurance to variable bending, they took iron bars. With the help of the machine they invented, they quickly loaded the beam, then removed the load.

Their experiments became known to the English engineer William Fairburn, who in the 60s began to investigate the endurance of large beams used to build bridges. He tested iron beams 6-7 meters long, either loading them or removing the load with levers. In this case, the beam successively flexed and straightened. After several hundred thousand load changes, a crack appeared in the beam.

These were unsystematic experiments, little known to wide technical circles. They have not yet decided whether the metals really "wear out" or whether the cracks in the specimens tested were accidental.

Credible systematic studies were initiated only by the German mechanic August Wöhler.

Fate, it seemed, did not prepare him for research. After graduating from a commercial school, Wöhler worked either as a draftsman at a locomotive factory, or as a machinist, and in 1847 he was hired by the Prussian Railways Administration.

At that time, cases of breakdown of wagon axles and locomotive parts, train derailments and other accidents became very frequent. They cared for both industrialists and government technical supervision.

In order to study the causes of the train crash, a special permanent commission was organized, equipped with funds for experiments. Wehler, as a practical man who had traveled on steam locomotives for a long time, was appointed a member.

Wehler performed metal tests in a laboratory equipped for this. Many of the machines on which samples were subjected to alternating stretching, bending or twisting were invented by him. The bending test machine, sometimes used in our time, is essentially one of the Wöhler machines.

The machines of this researcher worked at low speeds. For example, his machine, which studied the resistance of a sample to variable bending, made only 72 revolutions per minute. It took years to test with it some samples, one of which withstood more than one hundred and thirty-two million load changes.

Wehler's experiments proved that steel and iron specimens are destroyed under repeated variable loading, which is quite acceptable in other cases. But if the variable load does not exceed a certain value, then the part can withstand it indefinitely.

This value is the "endurance limit", which must be taken into account when designing high-speed steam locomotives and high-speed machines.

Weller's experiments were widely known. They radically changed the ideas of engineers about the permissible load on car axles, connecting rods, cylinder rods and many other parts. The "endurance limit", determined by testing metal samples, was now taken as the basis for calculating the parts of high-speed machines.

Scheme of a device for testing metal samples with a variable load.

In order to avoid unexpected breakage, metal for critical parts of the machine is now tested not only for strength, but also for “endurance”. For this, there are special devices on which the metal sample is subjected to a variable load.

For example, a piece of metal to be tested is attached to a slider moving between guides. The slider is connected to the shaft by means of a connecting rod and a crank. A load is suspended from the lower end of the bar. When the shaft rotates, the slider moves up and down, changing direction very quickly.

Each time the slider changes its direction of motion, it is counteracted by the inertia of the load. As a result, the test block is subjected to alternating compression and tension.

What is the essence of the phenomenon of "fatigue"? Why does metal lose resistance? Is it possible to distinguish "tired" metal from ordinary?

The answers to these questions were provided by research over the next decades.

The steam locomotive is rushing along. The steam drives the pistons through the cylinders. The rods pull and push the connecting rods. All parts move quickly and continuously. Do they never get tired?

The rod moves forward and backward. The steel from which it is made, then stretches, then shrinks. Tension and - compression replace each other, tens and hundreds of millions of extensions and compressions over the long life of a locomotive!

“A flashing rod will have a multiple alternating load,” the engineer will say. Tension is replaced by compression - the load changes the direction of its action, changes sign; and so many times in a row.

Sign-variable loads are subjected not only to the stem of a steam locomotive, but also to many other parts of machines: steam locomotives, wagons, engines, machine tools. Here, for example, is the axle of a wagon. The wheels are tightly seated on it, and the axle rotates together with them. Under the weight of the wagon, the axle bends. The material of its upper part is in tension, and the lower part is in compression. But during the movement of the train, the axis rotates, and those fibers that were just at the top and unraveled, after a fraction of a second, are already at the bottom and. are compressed. Such a load is called an alternating bend.

Often / alternating bending is generated by vibrations of the part. For example, the blows of steam jets into the rotor of a steam turbine cause the blades to vibrate. The oscillation frequency is very good - up to 200,000 per minute; shoulder blades tremble like strings. Two hundred thousand bends a minute, over a hundred billion bends a year!

Examination of parts that have collapsed under the influence of a multiple-alternating load shows that even ductile materials in this case are destroyed like brittle ones.

Let's get acquainted with the testing of materials for endurance (the so-called ability of materials to resist repeated loads).

For this purpose, special machines are used. One of these machines is shown in Fig. 26. Two cartridges with samples of the tested metal are fixed on the electric motor shaft. Weights are suspended from the free ends of the samples, bending the samples and causing certain stresses in the material.

Cartridges with samples begin to rotate. "The weights bend them down all the time. Due to rotation, the sample material experiences an alternating bend, like a locomotive axle.

One revolution completes a full load change cycle. An easy mechanism. keep track of turnovers. Suddenly, the sample breaks with a bang. A special device stops the motor. The sample, before it broke, withstood 1200 thousand cycles.

We replace the samples with new ones, the same as the previous ones. We reduce stresses in the metal by removing heavy loads and installing lighter ones. The car started, the counter began to count the revolutions. This time, the sample lasted almost 4 million cycles before failure. We insert new samples and reduce the voltage even more. We begin the experiment for the third time. The VRT counter has already shown 10 million revolutions * and the sample is still working. No matter how much we continued the test, we still would not wait for the destruction of the sample.

Experiments similar to those described above show that by gradually reducing the load with each change of specimens, it is possible to find “what amount of stress at which the steel can withstand an almost unlimited number of load cycles. This stress is called the endurance limit of the metal.

The test results are depicted in the form of an endurance diagram (Fig. 27). Along the horizontal axis of the diagram, the number of load cycles until the moment of destruction of the sample is plotted, and along the vertical axis, the stresses caused in the sample by the load. The diagram shows that as the stress decreases, the number of load cycles required to destroy the sample increases. The right side of the curve runs horizontally. This means that under stress equal to or less than the endurance limit, the material can withstand an unlimited number of loading cycles.

If, during the operation of a steam locomotive, alternating stresses in the material of the rod never exceed the endurance limit, then the rod will work indefinitely, it will never “get tired”, it will not break. If the voltage in the rod exceeds this limit, then sooner or later a catastrophe will occur. And it will not happen immediately, not during the first test run of the locomotive, but after some time, maybe after several months or even years of flawless work.

The suddenness, unexpectedness of the breakdown of machine parts from "fatigue" makes such accidents especially dangerous.

It is important to note that the endurance limit of a material is always less than its tensile strength (usually 2-3 times), often even less than the yield strength. An alternating multiple load is much more dangerous for the strength of the metal than a calm one. This is explained by the fact that even at relatively low stresses, plastic shears appear in individual metal grains, which are less strong than others. With repeated stress changes, these shifts give rise to a microscopic crack. Subsequently, the crack gradually grows, and eventually the part weakened by the crack breaks.

The appearance of a crack remains unnoticed, since the part as a whole does not experience plastic deformations,

The metal until the very moment of destruction works normally.

The fight against "fatigue" of the metal is of particular importance in our time, when the speed of various machines has increased significantly. The higher the speed, the more often the load changes, the greater the number of its cycles during the life of the machine, and the more destructive the consequences of a break in the moving part.

It is almost impossible to detect a developing crack in time to replace the damaged part. Therefore, the machine must be designed in such a way that the appearance of a fatigue crack during the normal life of the machine is excluded. Metallurgists, and designers who design machines, and technologists who choose methods for manufacturing parts, and people who control the operation of the built machine, participate in solving this problem.

During cooling of steel smelted in a metallurgical plant, as well as during rolling and forging, cracks or voids sometimes form inside the metal. They are not visible on the surface. The part of the machine will be made of such metal. A small crack or void will not significantly reduce the strength of a part operating under a calm load. But if the part will work under an alternating load, the crack will quickly increase # and the part will break very soon.

That is why ingots and forgings used for the manufacture of critical parts of machines, especially such large multi-ton parts as the shafts of turbogenerators, large electric motors and engines, must be checked for the absence of internal cracks and voids. For this purpose, there are special devices - flaw detectors that allow you to detect internal defects of the metal invisible to the eye.

However, not only invisible cracks are dangerous. Like cracks, the fracture center is created by sharp cuts or undercuts on the surface of parts, shaft keyways, and sharp changes in the shaft diameter (Fig. 28). The designer takes this into account when developing drawings of a part subjected to alternating loads. He tries to give it as smooth outlines as possible, to avoid undercuts with sharp corners, sharp transitions from. thin part to bulges, etc.

Careless, rough machining of parts can also cause cracks. For example, after rough turning on. the surface of the part leaves a cutter mark, a shallow spiral groove, similar to the thread of a bolt. If it is not eliminated, then subsequently a fatigue crack will easily form at the bottom of such a groove. That is why technologists are obliged to take care to smooth out the traces of turning by subsequent grinding, and in especially responsible cases even by polishing. polished detail

Withstand alternating load, one and a half to two times greater than roughly turned.

But here are all the details. The car was assembled and sent to the construction site, to the mine, to the collective farm, to the railway. Here, the machine must be monitored - cleaned and lubricated, not allowed to rust steel parts. Rust spots don't just ruin the exterior air-conditioning; Rust, corroding a smooth surface, creates a center of destruction, a weak spot on which a fatal fatigue crack will easily appear and develop.

But, of course, neither the floating outlines, the inpolished surface, nor good care will save the part from destruction when exposed to multiple sign changes.

Noah load, if the designer does not provide it with the necessary strength by the right choice of transverse dimensions. Taking into account that the fatigue limit of the metal is much lower than the tensile strength, the designer, when calculating the part that is at risk of destruction from fatigue, takes a safety factor from 5 to 15, depending on the material and operating conditions of the part. A correctly calculated part will work reliably under multiple alternating loads.

I often hear that the country is in a difficult time right now: a time of change and economic upheaval, in other words, there is no time for family adventures, fabulous romantic evenings and traditional walks, home games, because there is sheer fatigue from finding solutions to pressing problems. And the child hears from relatives: "I'm tired, I can't, I have no time, maybe later ...".

But it is in such a tired time that the family experiences its growth, i.e. feels in difficulties, tries to find ways out of difficult situations, seeks resources, unites, seeks empathy and support from all family members. But it happens the other way around, it dies, leaving a negative mark on the souls of everyone who, until the moment of difficulties, lived together and believed in common happiness, in common family time, change for the better, solidarity. The fatigue of even one family member from everyday life, unloved work, burnout can lead to problems for everyone, especially children and the elderly suffer from this.

As a gardener takes care of his trees in the garden, understanding in what period, how to help them bear fruit, so the family should try to protect itself from destruction, look for sources of vitality, learn to properly create an atmosphere of growth for all family members. Watering, if you want, the family needs. Then she will be beautiful, hardy, fruitful for good deeds and positively noticeable.

This is facilitated by joint leisure and recreation, healthy laughter, fun adventures in the air, hiking trips, cultural programs, various kinds of shopping and, most importantly, a home table (tea, a holiday, a traditional barbecue in the country, and other family only). Why? Because the family is the world where the foundations of the human soul are formed. It forms the foundations of the worldview not only of the child, but also of adults who in reality feel all the diversity of human life, the family reflects within itself everything that happens outside of it. She also shows herself outside of her borders. How do children see the realities of life? The child sees everything through adults, through their eyes. And if the look of an adult is extinguished and the soul gets tired, the child gradually begins to believe that the world is a complete nightmare, negativity and heaviness, dad and mom do not live, but survive. Our children begin to turn sour, misbehave, rebel, or get sick. It is clear to them that the world is not so good. The family cannot protect, the family is a hiding place from the bad world, separated from everything, especially from opportunities. Have you noticed that a child lives for a long time holding the hand of an adult? What hand do you give him? What do you expect in 15 years from a child, you will change and see what has grown from your support.

Did you have it yourself as a child? Who held your hand?
I think that we are almost not taught to manage our spiritual, psychological and physical resources from childhood. We are not taught to be in a family in order to feed on the joy of home, but are taught to survive outside of it. Since childhood, we often hear: “What will others think? Behave yourself, try hard!" How rarely does the average child hear: “Come home soon, we are waiting for you, share with us your success, the joy of the world!” We are sometimes ashamed of ourselves and our loved ones, we hide and do not know how to seek help for ourselves at all, we are taught to endure difficulties alone. Dad is tired, get away from him. Mom is irritated - do not bother her, she will calm down. And we somehow understand by itself that it is not worth looking for help, loneliness is a way to overcome it, it is a resource. Not always!

Does the family need the support of society in order to preserve itself, to become a source of strength? Ask a child. He'll just show it with his behavior. For many years of my practice, I can safely say: the child will tell if the family needs help. He won't lie. He will simply surrender with all responsibility you tired or you irritated, poor, dissatisfied, spiritually hungry. The child shows what the family is going through. Child, that a mirror reflects everything and it is unlikely that it can change. Of course, the family needs the impressions and joy of the resources created by life, but society (work is not the same, loading and blockages, served incorrectly, deceived, run into), on the contrary, often takes away the vitality of the family, negatively affects the level of relations in the family as a whole. Adults burn out at work, get tired, suffer from apathy, or simply become physically exhausted. Instead of joy, people native to the child begin to bring something dangerous into the house, the child does not want to feel it, he is nervous and reacts. Instead of looking at ourselves, thinking about our fatigue and our experiences, we take the child to a doctor, teacher, psychologist. We want to fix the problem in him, although the whole family is sick, the family is tired. She needs help! Or at least to the adult who is most dissatisfied with life or physically exhausted.

How to look for the strength to survive and not succumb to bad moods and influences? How to help your family not get stuck in a routine, not break down under the pressure of problems, but develop, change relationships in the direction of the positive, draw strength from within and beyond? How to overcome fatigue and start living in vigor?

Perhaps there is a way out! Look for help not inside, but outside! Even if it's scary, consult with Life! It has a lot of possibilities! In your entrance, district, city there are those who live and rejoice! Go and learn from them. Help yourself, help your child! In the same world around us, there are a lot of people, that is, specialists in helping professions, who specially study and strive to support others in difficult times, create spaces for family growth and health. There are people who know what to do when you are tired or annoyed by everyday life, unloved work, lethargy and apathy. There are people like doctors, educators, psychologists, coaches, social educators, lawyers and others. It is simply necessary to realize that in difficult times or in situations of crisis a person can ask for help, can join forces and not only survive together with the side that supports him, but really feel his life and get out of the crisis with benefit. A lot of family support centers are being created in Russia: medical, children's, psychological, clubs for pregnant women, creative studios, positive thinking centers and other cultural points. It has become fashionable to go to master classes, family events, study healthy lifestyles, visit a psychologist, relax in the Spa, and travel to outlandish places. This is a must use, this is for you! Just look for a place where they will be accepted and appreciated, where they will give answers to questions, and, perhaps, just smile once again and listen, thereby giving strength. Don't wait until thunder strikes and you have to unwind a tangle of problems with children and their health, spouse, bosses, unexpected layoffs, illnesses and other troubles. Look for all possible ways to save the day, if your ship is sinking, don't give up, get help! Especially if you yourself feel that everything in your family is not going too smoothly, if you carry the baby alone, if you feel that you are confused and have lost faith. What are tired and burnt out! Find yourself a place where you can get help, do not be afraid to appear weak. Take care of the peace in yourself and your family, and if you haven’t already saved it, look for the strength to calm down, find a supportive hand and move on! Your crisis can be corrected, and fatigue from everything can be overcome. Let's see the problem first, shall we? Does she exist? I'll add some practice. Try to assess your condition and determine if you should take a closer look at your health, if you have crunches, that is, chronic fatigue that affects you and your relatives.

Signs of chronic fatigue syndrome:
fatigue, weakness, fatigue, lethargy, lack of energy, apathy;
memory impairment, decreased concentration of attention, incredible efforts have to be made to solve complex problems;
instability of the psycho-emotional state, irritability, anxiety and unreasonable fears, unexpected outbursts of aggression;
violation of the rhythm of sleep and wakefulness, insomnia at night and drowsiness during the day, nightmares, “cuts down” in the most interesting place;
hand tremors, headaches, muscle and joint pains, poor appetite, subfebrile temperature, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss, and in the case of a sedentary lifestyle, on the contrary, they began to gain weight and want to eat for no reason.

The exact causes leading to chronic fatigue syndrome have not yet been established. However, there are certain risk factors that can provoke the occurrence of this condition:

• Psychological disorders - frequent depressions, constant stress, gloomy thoughts and feelings of anxiety and fear are the main "pests" for the activity of the nervous system, leading to constant fatigue and overwork; sensations of depression and breaking of the body.
• Wrong lifestyle - chronic fatigue syndrome can be caused by constant lack of sleep, an irrational daily routine, prolonged mental or physical overstrain, lack of sunlight, fresh air or movement;
• Malnutrition - lack or excess of food, poor-quality products, lack of vitamins, macro- and microelements in food disrupt the body's metabolism, leading to a lack of energy and a persistent feeling of fatigue;
• Environmental factors - an unfavorable environmental situation makes the body work hard, protecting itself from the effects of harmful factors, so people living in polluted noisy cities are more likely to suffer from chronic fatigue syndrome;
• Infections and viruses - there is a theory according to which one of the main causes of chronic fatigue is the ingestion of herpes viruses, cytomegaloviruses, retroviruses, enteroviruses, etc.

Just explore yourself, try to eliminate the causes and you will immediately feel better.
See you on the big field of Life.

Chronic fatigue syndrome - a constant feeling of fatigue and overwork, a breakdown that does not go away even after a long rest. This disease is especially typical for residents of developed countries and populated megacities. The main cause of the syndrome is considered to be prolonged psycho-emotional stress on the human nervous system. Here are six of the most common causes of chronic fatigue.

1. Malnutrition

Lack or excess of food, low-quality products, lack of vitamins, macro- and microelements in food disrupt the body's metabolism, leading to a lack of energy and a persistent feeling of fatigue. Too many "comfort" foods. Carbohydrates - that's what makes us energetic, satisfied, full, kind and cheerful. True, not for long.

Nutritionist Dr. Glenville says that people actually get tired of the food that should give them energy, because it takes a lot of energy to digest this food. Cookies, sugar, rice, pasta, white bread - all of these quickly raise blood sugar levels. But then this level drops just as quickly, and then we want to sleep, we get irritated and feel tired. And we feel tired because we didn’t get enough nutrients. Sugar received, but nutrients - still not enough!

Foods that release energy slowly and are rich in nutrients are really energizing - fruits, vegetables are among these foods.

Advice:

Try to dine consciously, feeling the taste of food, how it goes into your mouth, how it is chewed. Focus on the process of eating. Stop running thoughts, chatting and thinking about different situations ... This will be very useful.

2. Dehydration of the body.

Please note that this is a very important point. And a very large percentage of people suffer from this! They talk a lot about it, but the result is not enough ...

A person should drink at least 2 liters of water. Water! No tea, coffee or other drinks, namely pure water! How often do you just take a glass of water and drink?

Advice:

Whether you're working physically or mentally, your body needs water to keep it working well and not overheating. If you are thirsty, you are already dehydrated. Train yourself to drink!

From an energy point of view, water is also a conductor of energy, it also helps to cleanse the body of negative energies. And remember, water perfectly holds information! No need to hold a glass of water in your hands and discuss negative topics with someone or think about illnesses and other failures. By doing this, you will fill the energy of the water with negative energies and then drink it... Water with this information will enter your cells and fill them with this information and energy.

3. Wrong way of life.

Chronic fatigue syndrome can be caused by constant lack of sleep, an irrational daily routine, prolonged mental or physical stress, lack of sunlight, fresh air or movement.

Advice:
Whatever type of activity you are engaged in, there must be a conscious physical activity.
Swimming, gym, long strenuous walks (not shopping with bags!). Let you have at least 1-2 times a week such a load, just do not overload yourself! Otherwise, you will get the opposite result!

Such a situation as the desire to do everything perfectly leads to the wrong way of life, stress and overwork! To be the best everywhere and in everything at once. Perhaps this comes from childhood, as one of the ways to attract the love of parents and others.

4. Sleep disturbance.

One of the reasons why a person can sleep a lot, but not get enough sleep during the night. If your bed is located in a geopathic zone, then you will not only not wake up rested, but also risk getting diseases that correspond to this geopathic zone (inhale or exhale the Earth).

Advice:

1. determine the location of the geopathogenic zone
2. check if the bed is in such a place
3. if it is, then either move the geopathogenic zone, or move the bed.

5. Psychological disorders

Frequent depression, constant stress, gloomy thoughts and feelings of anxiety and fear are the main "pests" for the activity of the nervous system, leading to constant fatigue and overwork.

Advice:

Often people are depressed and don't even realize it. There are simply no desires, just lethargy, just tired of everything ... This suggests that somewhere there is an outflow of energy and there may be several reasons.

As the reasons for the outflow of energy, there may be situations when a person has already said goodbye to life, when he has fallen into severe stressful situations, these are situations of surgical intervention, often situations of losing loved ones, fears that a person invents for himself, and then he is afraid of them, and ... alas, envy and deliberate negative impact of other people. Try not to drive yourself into stressful situations, seek help from specialists if necessary. Spend more time outdoors and increase your physical activity.

6. Energy vampire.

Another reason for feeling tired and deflated could be your association with an energy vampire. How does an energy vampire behave?
It takes you out of balance and you can't control your energy and dump it. As a result, he feels good, and you are like a squeezed lemon.
It’s good when communication is rare, but what if it’s constant and you don’t have time to recover? What to do with it?

Tip: Try to communicate with such people as little as possible, but if this is not possible, then simply do not turn on energetically to their message, ignore and do not take to heart everything that they impose on you.

Chronic fatigue and how to beat it. Secrets of healthy sleep Alexander Anatolievich Andreev

Do animals get tired?

Do animals get tired?

Animals sleep when they want to, and quite possibly have a very different need for sleep than humans. But what we can’t say for sure is whether they feel the same tiredness and whether they know a different feeling of tiredness as people do.

Observations show that cats sleep most of the day, and in the short phase of wakefulness they also yawn, as if they especially enjoy this phase of complete relaxation. Dogs are always alert and sleep mostly half-heartedly.

It is also known that cows sleep only three hours at night, dolphins always have one hemisphere of the brain awake even during sleep, and sharks never sleep at all.

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From the book His name is AIDS author Vyacheslav Zalmanovich Tarantul

Animals in the house Many kids insistently demand to have a dog, a cat, a hamster, fish, a parrot at home ... A child wants to have a pet, mainly to love someone himself, and not to receive someone's love. He knows that this defenseless creature will be entirely

From the book Treatment without hormones. Minimum chemicals - maximum benefits author Anna Vladimirovna Bogdanova

Infections and Animals Those who keep animals must recognize that they serve the animals rather than the animals. Diogenes The reader may have an involuntary question: what do animals have to do with AIDS? In fact, as it turns out, it is very important. We are few

From the book Massage for Beauty and Health. Honey, clay, aromatic, jar author Alexandra Vladimirovna Vasilyeva

ANIMALS CURE Traditions of treatment with animal products One of the ancient medical treatises says: "All animals that walk on the earth, fly in the sky and swim in the water can be used for medicinal purposes." Among the various means,

From the book Beauty and Health of a Woman author Vladislav Gennadievich Liflyandsky

If the legs hurt and get tired Ah, our long-suffering legs - they, perhaps, get more than other parts of the body. After all, the main load at any moment of our life, when we do not sleep and do not rest lying down, falls on our feet. How can we help these poor little legs? For

From the author's book

Animal products Animal products are extremely necessary in the nutrition of a healthy person. They are a source of complete protein and essential amino acids (meat, poultry, eggs), calcium (dairy), vitamins A, B12 (liver) and D (fish), biotin (liver, eggs ), omega-3