1) Medal for participation in the "Manchurian Incident"

1934. On the reverse side, the inscription: "Incident of the period from the 6th to the 9th year of Showa." Bronze. Diameter 30 mm. Weight 31.46 g (with tape). On pendant and original ribbon. On the bar attached to the pendant, the inscription: "Medal for the military campaign." Rozanov, p. 60.

The medal for participation in the "Manchurian Incident" was established by Imperial Edict No. 255 of July 23, 1934 in memory of the military operation of the Kwantung Army in northeast China, called the "Manchurian Incident".

2) Medal "For participation in the Chinese incident"

1939 Signed on the reverse side: "Chinese Incident". Bronze. Diameter 30 mm. Weight 28.72 g (with tape). On pendant and original ribbon. On the bar attached to the pendant, the inscription: "Medal for the military campaign." Rozanov, p. 62.

The medal "For Participation in the Chinese Incident" was established by Imperial Edict No. 496 of July 27, 1939. It was awarded to participants in the Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945.

Talk about the features of the order market, its differences from the painting market, problems and prospects

The Znak auction house includes the Znak auction itself (orders, medals, money, securities) and the new Znak-Art, which specializes in the sale of paintings and decorative and applied arts. Firm "Znak-Art" appeared last spring, held its first auction. And Znak has existed since 2005, and on February 18, this Saturday, the 16th auction will take place. Ilya Goryanov, the main owner of the auction house, is not just an expert in his field, but also the owner of a unique collection of old Russian securities. But today we will talk not about hobbies, but about business: the peculiarities of the orders market, its differences from the painting market, problems and prospects.

website: What is the highest price paid for a lot at the Znak auction?

Ilya Goryanov: 40 million rubles for the chain of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called. This was in 2010; True, the orders were sold at serious prices before - at the level of 27–30 million. The most expensive things sold with us are orders before 1918. Trade in later, Soviet, orders in Russia, as you remember, is prohibited by law.

AI: Your last auction left a very good impression. There were many people trading in the hall, and even by the appearance of those present it was clear that the audience was the right one. It is noticeable that the industry feels good. What do you think this is connected with?

I. G.: It should be taken into account that "Znak" is one of the two leading auctions on the topic of orders and medals. We have a huge client base for this segment - 400 active buyers, and among them there are very serious clients. You will not see this at auctions with other firms of a similar profile.

AI: And the price level, of course, impresses...

I. G.: Collecting orders requires a lot of money. In terms of costs, it is comparable to collecting paintings. Now the cost of a serious Russian order starts from 10 million rubles. There are, as a rule, three or four buyers for such a thing, so the price rises at the auction. Trade in rare (I emphasize: rare) Russian orders after 2008 did not turn sour, people remained afloat and continue to buy.

AI: How often do repeat sales occur?

I. G.: Rarely. Over the past five or six years, only one large collection, formed in recent years, has been sold out. For economic reasons. Other collectors only accumulate. The auctions most often include items collected in the Soviet era, and a large number of orders come from the West. Prices in Russia are much higher than there. Prudent Europeans who bought up our orders and badges in the 1980s are now taking profits.

AI: And who buys? Dealers, investors, collectors?

I. G.: Collectors. Dealers ran out in 2008. Before that, dealers also bought for resale, but now this has stopped. Only serious and very serious collectors remained. Simple orders or things that are not in very good condition now remain unclaimed, they are in trouble. They are very hard to sell, despite the fact that their prices have fallen by half compared to 2008. Demand is only now beginning to slowly recover. And expensive rare orders both rose in price and continue to rise in price systematically.

AI: What is your criterion for selecting things? Attractive price?

I. G.: There are two main criteria for bidding: that the thing be genuine and that it be interesting, rare. It can cost both 30 thousand rubles and three million. Rarity can be found for 30 thousand - it will just be some kind of rare token or badge. We try to find things for collectors, not for dealers, so we don't trade in passable things like common gold coins.

AI: Do you have a price minimum? What is the price of the most affordable item in the catalog?

I. G.: Conditionally 3,000 rubles, lower is simply not cost-effective. We introduce few such things into the catalog - about 5 percent.

AI: That is, entertainment purchases are also possible?

I. G.: Yes, we once published a certificate on the back cover of the catalog - a personal certificate for a pig. Previously, there was a special account for thoroughbred pigs in the USSR, and each had its own diploma. Beautiful, large, with a picture and a full description of the characteristics of the pig. Obviously, this is a tricky subject. But we sometimes put such lots for a change - the thing is interesting.

AI: That is, in the first place take into account the tastes of collectors?

I. G.: More precisely, we form our auction based on their collecting interests. For example, there are four collectors who collect rare copper coins. Therefore, before taking a coin for auction, I calculate for myself, can someone buy it from us? If not, then I just don't take it. I have a trusting relationship with many major collectors, I know who has what and who lacks what. The auction is formed with an eye on specific buyers, so we have such a high percentage of sales.

AI: Do you have a feeling that auctions as a way of trading are replacing agency and other forms?

I. G.: Yes, I've been talking about this for a long time. This is happening all over the world. The auction mechanism is transparent and allows you to get the maximum profit. If you sold something on the sly, then the worm of doubt will forever remain - suddenly sold too cheap? And if you put it up for a normal auction, where several applicants converge, then the market price is reached. The auction leaves no doubt. Unlike dealers, we openly take 10 percent of the commission and have no right to take more. Even if the thing goes for 20 million, we will take only two. It is transparency and competitiveness that attracts people.

AI: On the other hand, the auction is rare, three times a year, and the gallery is open every day...

I. G.: I agree, this is one of the moments that plays to our disadvantage. On the other hand, the auction is a chance, it gives the understanding that you are buying a rarity. And when a thing is on the counter every day, then the attitude towards it is different.

AI: Do you practice post-auction sales?

I. G. A: Yes, like everywhere else. We do not advertise this, but there is a category of people who are pleased to come after the auction and try to buy the unsold cheaper. They enjoy it: they like the opportunity to buy a thing at a starting price, and even without paying a commission percentage. I do not like such tricks, but you need to work with any clients.

AI: At your last auction, I was struck by the struggle for the badges of the Supreme Soviets of the republics (Tajikistan, etc.). It's always like this?

I. G.: Always. This is a trend for nostalgia for the Soviet era. No, this is not bought as a gift for officials, it is taken by collectors for their collections. Until 2008, prices were higher, and now there are many collectors in the segment of deputy badges. There are about ten of our clients (before 2008 there were three at most). And for such a segment, ten people is a lot. The average price of an item is about 30 thousand rubles. The rarest sign costs about 600 thousand. But the bulk is sold in the range from 30 to 150 thousand, so not only oligarchs can afford such collecting.

AI: How do you authenticate?

I. G.: My partners and I, that is, the founders of the auction, are experts themselves. I am a certified expert of Rosokhrankultura in one of the areas, my partners - in other areas. Very rare, but mistakes do happen. We removed one item from the upcoming auction; At first they did not understand, and then knowledgeable people prompted. In the book we will seal it with a tape with the inscription "Shot". But in general, since 2005, we have had only two returns. Once we admitted that we were wrong. Another time, the client made a mistake - we knew that the thing was genuine, and then we again received a positive examination for it, from another expert. But they still returned the money to the client and maintained a good relationship with him.

AI: "Znak" gives a rare seven-year warranty for our market. How are disputes resolved in practice?

I. G.: Formally, a person for a return must bring an opinion from a competent organization. But in reality, everything is decided at the human level. In some cases, we can meet halfway without papers.

AI: In our experience, long warranty periods do not mean anything by themselves. Trust in the company plays a decisive role.

I. G.: To this I will answer you that we are the only company in Russia with which the official expert of Christie's Sergey Borisovich Patrikeev, the world's leading specialist in Russian awards, works on awards. The only one he cooperates with in Russia is with us. His word is worth more than any expertise. So we have a good reputation.

AI: Museums buy from you?

I. G.: Once in history. They simply can't buy at auction, only in post-auction mode. There are strict rules, regulations for the work of the procurement commission, sometimes it takes six months to consider an issue. This is a very long process. Therefore, antique dealers do not like to sell to museums.

AI: Does the global increase in the price of gold affect the value of your items?

I. G.: It may be with coins, but we do not deal with such things. There are Nikolaev gold fives and tens, which have practically no collectible component, and their value is determined by weight. We do not display them. In our gold items, the value of the gold itself is practically irrelevant.

AI: A replacement trend appeared on the art market a couple of years ago (then disappeared): due to a shortage of high-quality Russian art, they began to buy comparable European art, and much cheaper. Is there a similar trend in the order market?

I. G.: We are the only ones who introduced the section "Foreign Orders and Medals". It has been with us for two years now. But people turn to him reluctantly. Orders of the same beauty, with gold both here and there, - while the Russian order will cost $ 5,000, and the European one (even if it was made at a higher jewelry level) will cost $ 500.

In the West, the prices are quite different. There, the most unique thing - the Order of the Elephant, which was given only to crowned persons - costs about 200 thousand euros. A Russian order of this order would cost $2 million. Only the Order of the Elephant with us - go and sell, and the Russian Order is much easier to sell.

AI: Is your audience of collectors getting younger or getting older?

I. G.: The backbone is men from forty to fifty. But quite a lot of young people come, mostly entrepreneurs.

AI: What attracts new people to phaleristics? With paintings - it's clear: they buy for investment and social status ...

I. G.: Orders are no less prestigious form of collecting. To hang on the wall a collection of orders and Makovsky, so the orders, perhaps, will be more prestigious. This is a good male hobby. It's the orders. Because coins are already strongly on the fan. And the orders are very prestigious. They are large, beautiful, in enamel, they were made by famous jewelers. Weapons, orders, paintings - these are, in my opinion, the three most prestigious types of men's collecting.

AI: The market for orders is expanding?

I. G.: We are stable. We try to auction about 400 lots. I'm very optimistic about the outlook for the collectibles market. The autumn auction was good and gave many reasons for optimism. There will be an increase in demand, there will be more buyers. We are studying the possibility of working with antique weapons, but there is still no complete clarity with them. People who do this periodically have problems with licensing authorities. Before starting this business, you need to clarify all these problems. The legal situation in this area is still not clear.

AI: How do you rate the first experience with paintings?

I. G.: I am more cautious about the forecasts for the art auction. The situation on the art market is not the best. Nevertheless, at the first auction, we sold 20 percent in the hall and another 10 percent in the post-auction sales mode. Are you saying it's ok? But for an order auction, I'm used to 70 percent sales. Although, when I complain that I have sold 30 percent, I hear in response: “Yes, you are a happy person!” In any case, we are working hard to make the second painting and art auction go better.

AI: Strongly differ ways in the market of orders and painting?

I. G.: Completely different approach. Order Collectors fill in the gaps. There is a certain mandatory list that the collector needs to have in order to compile the right collection. For example, a collector must have a set of the Order of Alexander Nevsky, a set of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called. These are niches that are filled with a purchase, a “bypass list”. And in painting there are no lists, because each item is unique. A collector cannot strive to get all the Makovskys. Of course, I'm exaggerating, but the choice is very wide and there is no obligation. In faleristics and numismatics, as a rule, collecting involves the purchase of "obligatory" things. And the more of these things, the better the collection. And in art - everything is to taste, there is no obligatory principle.

AI: How big is our “black market” of awards from the USSR?

I. G.: It's no secret that it's huge. Many millions of dollars are spinning on it. Criminal liability is provided only for the sale and purchase. But not for possession. If a person has a collection of Soviet orders at home, they cannot show him anything. We, as a legal firm, stand aside from this, but the market exists. The law on the legalization of trade in orders was repeatedly submitted to the Duma, but everything was stalled, probably for political reasons. Time needs to pass.

AI: Tell us about your own collecting experience.

I. G.: I don't collect orders. I collect old paper money, and I have the best collection of old Russian securities in the world. I love being the first to collect. In painting or orders, this is impossible, because it requires colossal money. Since childhood, I myself love the Impressionists, I would love to collect them, but there is no such money. And I can be the best at collecting securities and old money.

AI: How long did it take you to "promotion" of the auction?

I. G.: A year and a half. The first two auctions were so-so, and then it went. I knew that market well, I worked as a private dealer, we had an established client base. We just went from a gray stage to a completely white one.

AI: How firmly has the Internet invaded your life?

I. G.: In 2005, we first made a continuous Internet auction, and only a year later - full-time, prestigious auction. That is, the Internet went ahead. But economically, for me, the Internet is more advertising, a means to expand the client base, get to know people, and attract them to participate in a face-to-face auction. It does not give profit. We do not have big serious sales via the Internet. People don't trust the Internet that much. In the West - as much as you like. We do not have. We meet at inexpensive purchases, and then we invite a person to a large auction. It's about mutual guarantees. The auction must protect itself from unscrupulous buyers, and the buyer - from a dishonest deal. This is a question of guarantees, sending money, sending objects. Selling expensive antiques via the Internet in our country is not yet possible.

Change is possible only in the distant future. It's like imagining when the whole world will give up cash and completely switch to cards. Someday, maybe there will be. Maybe in ten years. Not everyone has mastered the Internet in our country yet. And then there's something else to buy...

AI: Paintings are already quite bought on the Internet without inspection. And how important is it in your field to see a thing live?

I. G.: It's worth starting with the fact that "Znak" is the only auction in our segment, which brings all things to the hall on the day of the auction so that people can inspect them. In addition, we fundamentally do not publish an assessment of the condition of the thing in the catalog, as other companies do: “four”, “five”, “perfect preservation”. We are criticized for this. But we believe that a person should come and see the object himself: all assessments are very subjective. If a person looked himself, then later he will not make claims, for example, because of a chipped enamel. On the Internet, traces of restoration are not visible (for example, if the hole was skillfully repaired), you cannot feel it, you cannot “ring” the coin: it rings or not (this is how authenticity is checked). Watermarks must be viewed in the light, the Internet will not transmit them. And with one watermark, a bill can cost a thousand rubles, with another - a million. This is the problem of the Internet, many ran up. Items should be inspected whenever possible. I myself buy things at auctions both for business and for myself. But I never buy anything expensive if there is no way to see it. And most of my friends do the same.

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The cross was introduced in 1812 for the soldiers of the State Militia, who wore it on their headdresses. The Moscow, Yaroslavl and Nizhny Novgorod militias wore a smooth brass cross, and under it the monogram of Alexander I, Vladimir and Ryazan - the same cross, but the monogram was placed in a wreath. The St. Petersburg Organizing Committee under the leadership of M. I. Kutuzov on August 27, 1812, in the “Regulations on the composition and organization of the St. Petersburg military force” combined two parts of the militia sign (the monogram was placed on the upper end of the cross, the inscription on the horizontal ends: on the left - “ For faith”, on the right - “and the king”). The inscription was preserved until 1890, only the emperor's monogram changed. As already mentioned, the militia signs of the Patriotic War of 1812 did not have any award function. Yes, they could not be used for awards, since they were not unified and far from always had a comfortable enough and worthy look to wear as an award. This is one of the significant differences between these signs and militia signs of a later time, in particular, the Crimean War, when after its end, former militias received the right, according to the ideas of their superiors, to wear them as an award, and at the same time it was provided that some categories of those awarded could wear signs on caps (dismissed officers and warriors), and others - on the chest (dismissed generals and officers, officers and warriors who remained in military service, and retired lower ranks who entered the militia for the second time) In the Crimean War of 1853 - 1856. Warriors of the State Militia wore a cross with the monogram of Nicholas I in the center. After the end of the war, since 1856, the Militia Cross also becomes an award badge. Front side. The cross is four-pointed, with steeply broadened ends, in its rosette, under the imperial crown, there is a monogram image of the name of Nicholas II; at the ends of the cross there are inscriptions: on the left - the preposition "For", on the top - "Faith", on the right - "Tsar" and on the bottom, in two lines - "Fatherland"; along its outer stroke, along the entire perimeter, one row of small beads is also placed. Back side. Smooth, has a screw with a pin or four copper lugs for attaching to clothing. The Decree on the dissolution of the State Militia of April 5, 1856 stated: "In memory of the commendable service from the general to the warrior ... the right is granted to retain, upon dismissal from the militia, the distinctive sign of this - the cross." The Regulations on the procedure for presenting for an award stated: “The award should have been mentioned in the certificate of discharge or in the passport for resignation.” The order of wearing the sign was also determined: generals, staff and chief officers who retired, conscripts and warriors who continue military service, and retired lower ranks who entered the militia for the second time wore a cross on their chest (by the highest order of March 24, 1899 .the cross was prescribed to be worn on the left side).

Interested sale icons, price which is very democratic? Then you have come to the right address! On the Soberu.ru online auction, you can quickly and profitably buy badges, adequately replenishing any collection with valuable items, and also sell badges without any problems, sharing your rare gizmos.

Collecting badges is an exciting hobby and a useful activity

Collecting badges is a fascinating hobby that brightens up leisure time, as well as an interesting activity that brings benefits, enriching ideas about the world, contributing to the development of aesthetic taste, replenishing the store of knowledge. Of course, it has its own name - phaleristics. This beautiful term was first introduced into the Russian language by the historian R.V. Shein from Baku in 1965.

Various records, circles, etc. with any images that were issued as a sign of belonging to something, in commemoration of merit or as a memory of some historical person, place, etc., were actively produced both in the pre-war and post-war years. But they became popular in 1957 in connection with a large-scale student and youth festival. Collecting became widespread after the first flights into space by Gagarin, Tereshkova and Titov. Then the cost of the badges was quite low, but over the years it continues to rise, and the current cost of the badges in the catalog (prices are in rubles) is quite different from the original.

Popular thematic areas of phaleristics

One of the most popular thematic areas of phaleristics is Lenin's - after all, this is a biography of the great leader, presented in applied art. You can buy a badge relating to the Ulyanov family, the young years of Vladimir Ilyich, as well as the beginning of his campaigning activities. Another hot topic is sports. Due to the wide variety of sports, hundreds of different signs are issued with images of the coats of arms of teams and sports clubs, especially for competitions, olympiads, etc. It is fashionable and profitable to sell badges, prices for which vary depending on a particular sporting event.

Among collectors, breastplates with minted heraldic images are valued, which in a peculiar way tell about the facts of history that changed its course (for example, badges with the image of Sevastopol, Feodosia, Kerch or Evpatoria). Also in demand are entire batches produced in Soviet times and timed to coincide with some important events. They evoke both nostalgia and pride for the past era - for example, "50 years of October", "25 years of Aeroflot", "Borodino". The price of badges in the catalog of our online auction depends on the degree of importance of the event.

A quick and profitable way to update your collection is Soberu.ru online auction!

A quick and profitable way to update the collection by getting worthy copies is the Soberu.ru online auction. You no longer have to look for where to sell badges, and also buy a badge whose price is attractive. This form of sale and purchase is extremely convenient, as it allows you to update the collection and enjoy new acquisitions without leaving your home - small pages of a great history that unite people of different generations, social wealth and gender. For convenience, a special section has been created with such subcategories as:

• Heraldry
• Sports
• Signs of societies and organizations
• Commemorative or anniversary
• Space
• Service and special.

The current cost of collectible badges depends on various factors, including the size of the circulation, the safety of a particular sample, the absence of traces of restoration, and the presence of the manufacturer's mark. In our catalog, the cost of icons cannot but rejoice. Successful purchases and sales, ladies and gentlemen collectors!