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Nikolai Alexandrovich Shchors (May 25 (June 6), 1895 - August 30, 1919) - officer of the Russian Imperial Army of wartime (second lieutenant), commander of the Ukrainian rebel formations, head of the Red Army during the Civil War in Russia, member of the Communist Party since 1918 (before that was close to the Left SRs).

Biography

Born and raised in the village of Korzhovka, Velikoschimelsky volost, Gorodnyansky district, Chernihiv province (since 1924 - Snovsk, now the regional center of the city of Shchors, Chernihiv region of Ukraine) in the family of a railway worker.

In 1914 he graduated from the military paramedic school in Kyiv. On August 1, 1914, the Russian Empire entered the First World War. Nikolai went to the front as a volunteer military paramedic.

Civil War

In March - April 1918, Shchors led the united insurgent partisan detachment of the Novozybkovsky district, which, as part of the 1st revolutionary army, participated in battles with the German invaders.

In September 1918, in the Unecha region, he formed the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Regiment named after P.I. Bohun. In October - November, he commanded the Bogunsky regiment in battles with the German invaders and hetmans, from November 1918 - the 2nd brigade of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet division (Bogunsky and Tarashchansky regiments), which liberated Chernihiv, Kyiv and Fastov from the troops of the Directory of the Ukrainian People's Republic.

On February 5, 1919, 23-year-old Nikolai Shchors was appointed commandant of Kyiv and, by decision of the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government of Ukraine, was awarded an honorary revolutionary weapon.

Front in December 1919

From March 6 to August 15, 1919, Shchors commanded the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Division, which, during a swift offensive, recaptured Zhytomyr, Vinnitsa, Zhmerinka from the Petliurists, defeated the main forces of the Petliurists in the area of ​​​​Sarny - Rivne - Brody - Proskurov, and then in the summer of 1919 defended in the region of Sarny - Novograd-Volynsky - Shepetovka from the troops of the Polish Republic and the Petliurists, but was forced to retreat to the east under pressure from superior forces.

On August 15, 1919, during the reorganization of the Ukrainian Soviet divisions into regular units and formations of the unified Red Army, the 1st Ukrainian Soviet division under the command of N. A. Shchors was merged with the 44th border division under the command of I. N. Dubovoy, becoming 44th Rifle Division of the Red Army. On August 21, Shchors became her head, and Dubova became the deputy head of the division. The division consisted of four brigades.

The division stubbornly defended the Korosten railway junction, which ensured the evacuation of Kyiv (on August 31, the city was taken by the Volunteer Army of General Denikin) and the exit from the encirclement of the Southern Group of the 12th Army.

On August 30, 1919, in a battle with the 7th brigade of the 2nd corps of the Ukrainian Galician Army near the village of Beloshitsa (now the village of Shchorsovka, Korostensky district, Zhytomyr region, Ukraine), while in the forward chains of the Bogunsky regiment, Shchors was killed under unclear circumstances. He was shot in the back of the head at close range, presumably from 5-10 paces.

The likely perpetrator of the murder of the red commander is Pavel Samuilovich Tankhil-Tankhilevich. He was twenty-six years old, he was born in Odessa, graduated from high school, spoke French and German. In the summer of 1919 he became a political inspector of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 12th Army. Two months after the death of Shchors, he left Ukraine and arrived on the Southern Front as a senior censor-controller of the Military Censorship Department of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 10th Army.

Interesting Facts
The rebuke of "ataman" Shchors to "pan-hetman" Petliura, 1919

Until 1935, the name of Shchors was not widely known, even the TSB did not mention him. In February 1935, presenting Alexander Dovzhenko with the Order of Lenin, Stalin suggested that the artist create a film about the "Ukrainian Chapaev", which was done. Later, several books, songs, even an opera were written about Shchors, schools, streets, villages and even a city were named after him. In 1936, Matvey Blanter (music) and Mikhail Golodny (lyrics) wrote "Song of Shchors":

The detachment was walking along the shore,
Went from afar
Went under the red flag
Regiment commander.
The head is tied
Blood on my sleeve
A trail of bloody creeps
On wet grass.

"Boys, whose will you be,
Who will lead you into battle?
Who is under the red banner
Is the wounded man coming?"
"We are the sons of laborers,
We are for a new world
Shchors goes under the banner -
Red commander.

In hunger and cold
His life has passed
But not in vain shed
His blood was.
Thrown behind the cordon
fierce enemy,
Tempered from youth
Honor is dear to us."

Like many commanders of the Civil War, Nikolai Shchors was only a "bargaining chip" in the hands of the powers that be. He died at the hands of those for whom their own ambitions and political goals were more important than human lives. These people did not care that, left without a commander, the division had practically lost its combat capability. As the hero of the Civil War and a former member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Ukrainian Front E. Shadenko said, “only enemies could tear Shchors away from the division, into whose consciousness he had grown roots. And they tore it off."

V. M. Sklyarenko, I. A. Rudycheva, V. V. Syadro. 50 famous mysteries of the history of the XX century

Nikolai Shchors was one of the brightest representatives of the "new wave" of commanders of the regular Red Army. To what extent the results of the victory of the Red Army would satisfy this independent, charismatic personality, this is another, difficult question. People of a completely different plan took advantage of its fruits - Stalin, Trotsky (they were still formally together), Voroshilov, Budyonny. Heroes or anti-heroes of the Civil War (on the part of the "winners"), for the most part, did not survive the repressions of the 30s

Sergey MAKHUN, "The Day", (Kyiv - Shchors, Chernihiv region - Kyiv)

The purpose of this article is to find out how the vile murder of the hero of the Civil War NIKOLAY SHCHORS is embedded in his FULL NAME code.

Watch in advance "Logicology - about the fate of man".

Consider the FULL NAME code tables. \If your screen shows a shift in numbers and letters, adjust the scale of the image.

26 41 58 76 90 100 111 126 138 139 149 150 162 168 179 197 198 212 217 234 249 252 262 286
SCH O R S N I K O L A Y A L E X A N D R O V I C
286 260 245 228 210 196 186 175 160 148 147 137 136 124 118 107 89 88 74 69 52 37 34 24

14 24 35 50 62 63 73 74 86 92 103 121 122 136 141 158 173 176 186 210 236 251 268 286
N I K O L A Y A L E X A N D R O V I C H S O R S
286 272 262 251 236 224 223 213 212 200 194 183 165 164 150 145 128 113 110 100 76 50 35 18

Readers familiar with my articles on assassination attempts and traumatic brain injuries will immediately notice that this article also deals with shooting in the head. In particular, speaking about this, such figures as:

103 = SHOT. 50 = HEAD. 139 = BRAIN, etc.

Let's decipher individual words and sentences:

SCHORS = 76 = WEAPON, DESTROYED.

NIKOLAI ALEKSANDROVICH \u003d 210 \u003d 154-SHOT + 56-DIED.

The number 154 is between the numbers 148 = BREAKED THE SKULL and 160 = BLOOD IS GOING TO THE BRAIN, and the number 56 is in the word NICHOLAS between the numbers 50 = HEAD and 62 = ON THE SPOT.

210 - 76 = 134 = PASSED OUT OF LIFE.

SCHORS NIKOLAI = 149 = DEADLY, KILLED INSTANTLY.

ALEKSANDROVICH \u003d 137 \u003d DOOMED, ​​MURDERING, INSTANT \ I am death \.

149 - 137 \u003d 12 \u003d L \ detail \.

ALEKSANDROVICH SCHORS = 213 = DEATH COME.

NIKOLAI \u003d 73 \u003d BREAKED, BEND.

213 - 73 = 140 = HEAD WOUND.

From the three words received, we make sentences corresponding to the "scenario" embedded in the FULL NAME code:

286 = 134-PASSED + 12 + 140-HEAD WOUND = 134-PASSED + 152-\ 12 + 140 - HEAD PUNCH.

286 = 140 - HEAD WOUND + 146 - \ 134 + 12 \ - BLEEDING, BLOWED BY A BULLET.

Code DATE OF DEATH: 08/30/1919. This is = 30 + 08 + 19 + 19 = 76 = DESTROYED.

DEATH DAY code = 115-THIRTY, FATAL + AUGUST 66, NON-LIFE, CUSTOMIZED = 181 = BULLET BRAIN TEST = TERMINATION OF LIFE.

Code of FULL DATE OF DEATH = 181-THIRTH OF AUGUST + 38-KHAN, MURDER \ n \-\ 19 + 19 \-\ YEAR OF DEATH code \ = 219 = DEATH.

286 \u003d 219 + 67 - DIED.

Code of COMPLETE YEARS OF LIFE = 86-TWENTY, WILL DIE + 100-FOUR, OVERVIEW = 186 = 82-SHOT + 104-KILLED = KILLED BY A BULLET IN POINT.

286 \u003d 186-TWENTY-FOUR + 100-OLD.

186-TWENTY-FOUR - 100-SUSPENDED = 86 = DIE.

In the Soviet Union, his name was a legend. Streets and state farms, ships and military formations were named in his honor. Every schoolboy knew the heroic song about how “the commander of the regiment walked under the red banner, his head was tied, blood on his sleeve, a bloody trail spreads over damp grass.” This commander was the famous hero of the Civil War, Nikolai Shchors. In the biography of this man, whom I. Stalin called the "Ukrainian Chapaev", there are quite a few "blank spots" - after all, he even died under very strange and mysterious circumstances. This mystery, which has not been revealed so far, is almost a hundred years old.

In the history of the Civil War 1918-1921. there were many iconic, charismatic figures, especially in the camp of the "winners": Chapaev, Budyonny, Kotovsky, Lazo ... This list can be continued, no doubt including the name of the legendary Red Divisional Commander Nikolai Shchors. It is about him that poems and songs were written, a huge historiography was created, and the famous feature film by A. Dovzhenko “Shchors” was shot 60 years ago. There are monuments to Shchors in Kyiv, which he courageously defended, Samara, where he organized the partisan movement, Zhitomir, where he smashed the enemies of the Soviet regime, and near Korosten, where his life was cut short. Although a lot has been written and said about the legendary commander, the history of his life is full of mysteries and contradictions, over which historians have been struggling for decades. The biggest secret in the biography of the division chief N. Shchors is connected with his death. According to official documents, the former lieutenant of the tsarist army, and then the legendary red commander of the 44th Infantry Division, Nikolai Shchors, died from an enemy bullet in the battle near Korosten on August 30, 1919. However, there are other versions of what happened ...

Nikolai Shchors, a native of Snovsk Gorodnyanskosh district, in his short life, and he lived only 24 years, managed a lot - he graduated from a military paramedic school in Kyiv, took part in the First World War (after graduating from the cadet school evacuated from Vilna in Poltava, Shchors was sent to the Southwestern Front as a junior company commander), where, after difficult months of trench life, he developed tuberculosis. During 1918-1919. the former warrant officer of the tsarist army made a dizzying career - from one of the commanders of the small Semenovsky Red Guard detachment to the commander of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet division (from March 6, 1919). During this time, he managed to be the commander of the 1st regular Ukrainian regiment of the Red Army named after I. Bohun, the commander of the 2nd brigade of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet division, the commander of the 44th rifle division and even the military commandant of Kyiv.

In August 1919, the 44th Streltsy Division of Shchors (the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Division joined it), which was part of the 12th Army, held positions at a strategically important railway junction in the city of Korosten west of Kyiv. With the last of their strength, the fighters tried to stop the Petliurists, who at all costs tried to take over the city. When on August 10, as a result of a raid by the Don Cavalry Corps under General Mamontov, the Cossacks broke through the Southern Front and set off towards Moscow along its rear, the 14th Army, which had taken the main blow, began to hastily retreat. Between the whites and the reds, only the Shchors division, which was fairly battered in battles, now remained. However, the fact that Kyiv could not be defended was clear to everyone, it was considered only a matter of time. The Reds had to hold out in order to evacuate institutions, organize and cover the retreat of the 12th Army of the Southern Front. Nikolai Shchors and his fighters managed to do it. But they paid a high price for it.

On August 30, 1919, divisional commander N. Shchors arrived at the location of the Bogunsky brigade near the village of Beloshitsa (now Shchorsovka) near Korosten and died on the same day from a fatal wound to the head. The official version of the death of N. Shchors was as follows: during the battle, the divisional commander watched the Petliurists from binoculars, while listening to the reports of the commanders. His fighters went on the attack, but suddenly an enemy machine gun came to life on the flank, the burst of which pressed the Red Guards to the ground. At this moment, the binoculars fell out of the hands of Shchors; he was mortally wounded and died 15 minutes later in the arms of his deputy. Witnesses of the mortal wound confirmed the heroic version of the death of the beloved commander. However, from them, in an unofficial setting, there was also a version that the bullet was fired by one of their own. To whom was it beneficial?

In that last battle, there were only two people in the trench next to Shchors - assistant commander I. Dubova and another rather mysterious person - a certain P. Tankhil-Tankhilevich, a political inspector from the headquarters of the 12th Army. Major General S.I. Petrikovsky (Petrenko), who at that time commanded the 44th cavalry brigade of the division, although he was nearby, ran up to Shchors when he was already dead and his head was bandaged. Dubovoy claimed that the division commander was killed by an enemy machine gunner. However, it is surprising that immediately after the death of Shchors, his deputy ordered the dead head to be bandaged and forbade the nurse, who ran from a nearby trench, to unbandage it. It is also interesting that the political inspector lying on the right side of Shchors was armed with a Browning. In his memoirs, published in 1962, S. Petrikovsky (Petrenko) cited Dubovoy's words that during the skirmish, Tankhil-Tankhilevich, contrary to common sense, shot at the enemy from a Browning. One way or another, but after the death of Shchors, no one else saw the staff inspector, traces of him were already lost in the first days of September 1919. It is interesting that he also got to the front line of the 44th division under unclear circumstances by order of S.I. Aralov, a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 12th Army, as well as the head of the intelligence department of the Field Headquarters of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. Tankhil-Tankhilevich was a confidant of Semyon Aralov, who hated Shchors "for being too independent." In his memoirs, Aralov wrote: "Unfortunately, persistence in personal conversion led him (Shchors) to an untimely death." With his intractable character, excessive independence, and recalcitrance, Shchors interfered with Aralov, who was a direct protege of Leon Trotsky and therefore was endowed with unlimited powers.

There is also an assumption that Shchors' personal assistant I. Dubova was accomplices in the crime. General S.I. Petrikovsky insisted on this, to whom he wrote in his memoirs: “I still think that the political inspector fired, and not Dubova. But without the assistance of Dubovoy, the murder could not have happened ... Only relying on the assistance of the authorities in the person of Deputy Shchors Dubovoy, on the support of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 12th Army, the criminal [Tankhil-Tankhilevich] committed this terrorist act ... I knew Dubovoy not only from the Civil War. He seemed like an honest man to me. But he also seemed weak-willed to me, without special talents. He was nominated, and he wanted to be nominated. That's why I think he was made an accomplice. And he did not have the courage to prevent the murder.”

Some researchers argue that the order to liquidate Shchors was given by the people's commissar and head of the Revolutionary Military Council L. Trotsky, who liked to purge among the commanders of the Red Army. The version associated with Aralov and Trotsky is considered by historians to be quite probable and, moreover, consistent with the traditional perception of Trotsky as the evil genius of the October Revolution.

According to another assumption, the death of N. Shchors was also beneficial to the "revolutionary sailor" Pavel Dybenko, a more than well-known personality. The husband of Alexandra Kollontai, an old party member and friend of Lenin, Dybenko, who at one time held the post of head of the Central Balt, provided the Bolsheviks with detachments of sailors at the right time. Lenin remembered and appreciated this. Dybenko, who had no education and was not distinguished by special organizational skills, was constantly promoted to the most responsible government posts and military posts. He, with invariable success, failed the case wherever he appeared. First, he missed P. Krasnov and other generals, who, having gone to the Don, raised the Cossacks and created a white army. Then, commanding a sailor detachment, he surrendered Narva to the Germans, after which he not only lost his position, but also lost his party card. Failures continued to haunt the former Baltic sailor. In 1919, while holding the post of commander of the Crimean army, the local people's commissar for military and naval affairs, as well as the head of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Crimean Republic, Dybenko surrendered Crimea to the Whites. Soon, however, he led the defense of Kyiv, which he mediocrely failed and fled the city, leaving Shchors and his fighters to their fate. Returning to his possible role in the murder of Shchors, it should be noted that as a person who came out of poverty and managed to get a taste of power, Dybenko was terrified of another failure. The loss of Kyiv could be the beginning of his end. And the only person who knew the truth about how Dybenko “successfully” defended Kyiv was Shchors, whose words could be heeded. He knew all the ups and downs of these battles thoroughly and, moreover, had authority. Therefore, the version that Shchors was killed on the orders of Dybenko does not seem so incredible.

But this is not the end. There is another version of the death of Shchors, which, however, hardly casts doubt on all the previous ones. According to her, Shchors was shot by his own guard out of jealousy. But in the collection "The Legendary Commanding Officer", published in September 1935, in the memoirs of Shchors's widow, Fruma Khaikina-Rostova, the fourth version of his death is given. Khaikina writes that her husband died in battle with the White Poles, but does not provide any details.

But the most incredible assumption, which is associated with the name of the legendary divisional commander, was expressed on the pages of the Moscow weekly Sovremennik, which was popular during the “perestroika and glasnost” period. An article published in 1991 in one of his issues was truly sensational! It followed from it that the divisional commander Nikolai Shchors did not exist at all. The life and death of the red commander is supposedly another Bolshevik myth. And its origin began with the well-known meeting of I. Stalin with artists in March 1935. It was then that the head of state allegedly turned to A. Dovzhenko with the question: “Why do the Russian people have the hero Chapaev and a film about the hero, but the Ukrainian people do not have such a hero?” Dovzhenko, of course, instantly understood the hint and immediately set to work on the film. As the heroes, according to Sovremennik, they appointed the unknown Red Army soldier Nikolai Shchors. In fairness, it should be noted that the meeting of the Soviet leadership with cultural and art workers in 1935 really took place. And it was precisely from 1935 that the all-Union glory of Nikolai Shchors began to actively grow. The Pravda newspaper in March 1935 wrote about this: “When the director A.P. Dovzhenko was awarded the Order of Lenin at a meeting of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and he returned to his place, he was overtaken by the remark of Comrade Stalin: “Your debt is Ukrainian Chapaev” . Some time later, at the same meeting, Comrade Stalin asked Comrade Dovzhenko questions: “Do you know Shchors?” “Yes,” Dovzhenko replied. "Think about him," said Comrade Stalin. There is, however, another - absolutely incredible - version, which was born in "near-cinema" circles. Until now, the legend roams the corridors of GITIS (now RATI) that Dovzhenko began filming his heroic revolutionary film not at all about Shchors, but about V. Primakov, even before the arrest of the latter in 1937 in the case of the military conspiracy of Marshal Tukhachevsky. Primakov was the commander of the Kharkov Military District and was a member of the party and state elite of Soviet Ukraine and the USSR. However, when the investigation into the Tukhachevsky case began, A. Dovzhenko began to re-shoot the movie - now about Shchors, who by no means could be involved in conspiratorial plans against Stalin for obvious reasons.

When the Civil War ended and memoirs of participants in the military and political struggle in Ukraine began to be published, the name of N. Shchors was always mentioned in these stories, but not among the main figures of the era. These places were reserved for V. Antonov-Ovseenko as the organizer and commander of the Ukrainian Soviet armed forces and then the Red Army in Ukraine; Commander V. Primakov, who suggested the idea of ​​creating and commanded units and formations of the Ukrainian "Red Cossacks" - the first military formation of the Council of People's Commissars of Ukraine; S. Kosior, a high party leader who led the partisan movement in the rear of the Petliurists and Denikinists. All of them in the 1930s. were prominent party members, held high government positions, represented the USSR in the international arena. But during the Stalinist repressions of the late 1930s. these people were ruthlessly exterminated. About who I. Stalin decided to fill the empty niche of the main characters of the struggle for Soviet power and the creation of the Red Army in Ukraine, the country learned in 1939, when the Dovzhenko film “Shchors” was released. The very next day after its premiere, the lead actor E. Samoilov woke up popularly famous. At the same time, no less fame and official recognition came to Shchors, who had died twenty years earlier. Such a hero as Shchors, young, brave in battle and fearlessly killed by an enemy bullet, successfully “fitted” into the new format of history. However, now the ideologists face a strange problem, when there is a hero who died in battle, but there is no grave. For official canonization, the authorities ordered to urgently find the burial of Nikolai Shchors, which no one has remembered so far.

It is known that in early September 1919, the body of Shchors was taken to the rear - to Samara. But only 30 years later, in 1949, the only witness to the rather strange funeral of the divisional commander was found. It turned out to be a certain Ferapontov, who, as a homeless boy, helped the caretaker of the old cemetery. He told how late in the autumn evening a freight train arrived in Samara, from which they unloaded a sealed zinc coffin, which was very rare at that time. Under the cover of darkness, keeping secrecy, the coffin was brought to the cemetery. After a short “funeral meeting”, a three-time revolver salute sounded and the grave was hastily covered with earth, setting up a wooden tombstone. The city authorities did not know about this event and no one looked after the grave. Now, after 30 years, Ferapontov led the commission to the burial place ... on the territory of the Kuibyshev cable plant. Shchors' grave was found under a half-meter layer of gravel. When the hermetically sealed coffin was opened and the remains were exhumed, the medical commission that conducted the examination concluded that “the bullet entered the back of the head and exited through the left parietal bone.” “It can be assumed that the bullet was revolver in diameter ... The shot was fired at close range,” the conclusion wrote. Thus, the version of the death of Nikolai Shchors from a revolver shot fired from a distance of only a few steps was confirmed. After a thorough study, the ashes of N. Shchors were reburied in another cemetery and finally a monument was erected. The reburial was carried out at a high government level. Of course, materials about this were kept for many years in the archives of the NKVD, and then the KGB under the heading "Secret", they were made public only after the collapse of the USSR.

Like many commanders of the Civil War, Nikolai Shchors was only a "bargaining chip" in the hands of the powers that be. He died at the hands of those for whom their own ambitions and political goals were more important than human lives. These people did not care that, left without a commander, the division had practically lost its combat capability. As the hero of the Civil War and a former member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Ukrainian Front E. Shadenko said, “only enemies could tear Shchors away from the division, into whose consciousness he had grown roots. And they tore it off."

V. M. Sklyarenko, I. A. Rudycheva, V. V. Syadro. 50 famous mysteries of the history of the XX century

Nikolai was born on June 6, 1895 on the Korzhovka farm in the Chernihiv province. The first education in the biography of Nikolai Shchors was received in 1914. Then he graduated from the Kyiv military paramedic school. Two years later, he took a course at the Vilna Infantry Military School.

In his biography, Shchors took part in the First World War (paramedic, after junior officer, second lieutenant). In 1918, Nikolai organized a partisan detachment, and a month later he became the commander of the united detachment. The merits of Shchors include the creation of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Regiment. Commanding this regiment, he fought against the hetmans, the Germans. In the same year, he liberated Ukrainian cities from the Ukrainian directory, joined the Communist Party.

When the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government came to power, Shchors became the commandant of Kyiv. In 1919, in his biography, Nikolai Shchors fought against the Petliurists and liberated many cities. In August 1919 he began to command the 44th Infantry Division. Thanks to a desperate struggle, Shchors at the head of the division helped the evacuation of Kyiv.

August 30, 1919 Nikolai Shchors was killed. His fame and heroism were not remembered until 1935, when Stalin ordered a film about Nikolai Shchors to be made, calling him "Ukrainian Chapaev."

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May 25, 1895 - August 30, 1919

red commander, commander of the Civil War in Russia

Biography

Youth

Born and raised in the village of Korzhovka, Velikoschimelsky volost, Gorodnyansky district, Chernihiv province (since 1924 - Snovsk, now the regional center of Shchors, Chernihiv region of Ukraine). Born into the family of a wealthy peasant landowner (according to another version - from the family of a railway worker).

In 1914 he graduated from the military paramedic school in Kyiv. At the end of the year, the Russian Empire entered the First World War. Nikolai went to the front first as a military paramedic.

In 1916, the 21-year-old Shchors was sent to a four-month accelerated course at the Vilna Military School, which by that time had been evacuated to Poltava. Then a junior officer on the Southwestern Front. As part of the 335th Anapa Infantry Regiment of the 84th Infantry Division of the Southwestern Front, Shchors spent almost three years. During the war, Nikolai fell ill with tuberculosis, and on December 30, 1917 (after the October Revolution of 1917), Lieutenant Shchors was released from military service due to illness and left for his native farm.

Civil War

In February 1918, in Korzhovka, Shchors created a Red Guard partisan detachment, in March - April he commanded a united detachment of the Novozybkovsky district, which, as part of the 1st revolutionary army, participated in battles with German invaders.

In September 1918, in the Unecha region, he formed the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Regiment named after P.I. Bohun. In October - November, he commanded the Bogunsky regiment in battles with the German interventionists and hetmans, from November 1918 - the 2nd brigade of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet division (Bogunsky and Tarashchansky regiments), which captured Chernigov, Kyiv and Fastov, repelling them from the troops of the Ukrainian directory .

On February 5, 1919, he was appointed commandant of Kyiv and, by decision of the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government of Ukraine, was awarded an honorary weapon.

From March 6 to August 15, 1919, Shchors commanded the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Division, which, during a swift offensive, recaptured Zhytomyr, Vinnitsa, Zhmerinka from the Petliurists, defeated the main forces of the Petliurists in the area of ​​​​Sarny - Rovno - Brody - Proskurov, and then in the summer of 1919 defended in the region of Sarny - Novograd-Volynsky - Shepetovka from the troops of the Polish Republic and the Petliurists, but was forced to retreat to the east under pressure from superior forces.

From August 21, 1919 - commander of the 44th Infantry Division (the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Division joined it), which stubbornly defended the Korosten railway junction, which ensured the evacuation of Kyiv (August 31, captured by Denikin's troops) and the exit from the encirclement of the Southern Group of the 12th army.

On August 30, 1919, while in the forward chains of the Bogunsky regiment, in a battle against the 7th brigade of the II Corps of the UGA near the village of Beloshitsa (now the village of Shchorsovka, Korostensky district, Zhytomyr region, Ukraine), Shchors was killed under unclear circumstances. He was shot in the back of the head at close range, presumably from 5-10 paces.