neuropsychologist deals with the correction of certain functions of the human psyche, which contributes to the improvement of their work. The result of his activity is the restoration of speech, the normalization of the characteristics of perception, thinking, as well as various higher functions of the psyche. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology and psychology (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

This profession works closely with educators and clinical psychologists.

Features of the profession

The work of a neuropsychologist helps the client to adapt to the conditions of life in which he is at the moment. Officially, there are two branches of neuropsychology: adult and children. The second is younger and develops very quickly, so far without an official branch. That is why neuropsychology uses the same diagnostic methods for children's mental problems as for adults.

Most often, neuropsychologists work with children who suffer from:

• violations of the processes of controlling one's own behavior, as well as attention (such a phenomenon qualifies as attention deficit disorder, as well as hyperactivity);
• difficulties in the process of socialization (adaptation to society);
• increased fatigue;
• slow process of assimilation of the school curriculum.

Also, this specialist helps children with mental disabilities of an innate nature or those that appeared during life, for example, after injuries. For each child, the neuropsychologist selects a special training program, thanks to which an effective correction of mental functions is possible. It consists in performing various tasks aimed at improving attention, memory, etc.

A clinical psychologist in the field of neuropsychology also works with adult patients. They resort to the help of this specialist after lesions of the nervous system, which has suffered as a result of diseases, physical and psychological injuries. It is important to remember: this specialist is not a doctor.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros:

• providing care to patients;
• work in good conditions;
• demand (if the specialist has enough knowledge);
• the possibility of collecting information for scientific work;
• interesting cases in practice.

Minuses:

• responsibility for the health and life of the patient (the further mental state and behavior of the patient depends on the correctly selected methods recommended for treatment);
• low salaries in public institutions;
• difficulties in working with those patients who do not want to carry out a mental adjustment program.

Important qualities

With regards to human, and not professional qualities, a representative of this profession needs to be able to win over the patient and establish a trusting relationship with him. A prerequisite is the presence of empathy, but at the same time the ability to abstract, not letting the patient's problems through himself. It is also necessary to have a stable nervous system, since difficult cases of diseases often come across in practice.

A neuropsychologist must be able to work with children, since they make up the majority of the total number of patients. It takes patience and perseverance.

In addition, a representative of this profession will need constant professional development and self-training. Most of the research in the field of neuropsychology is published in English, so it is important to have knowledge of this language. In addition, at various international seminars in this language, it will be possible to exchange experience with specialists from other countries.

Where to study neuropsychology

universities

To become a specialist in this profile, you first need to get a higher education in the profession of "clinical psychologist". Further, qualifications need to be improved in graduate school, in parallel with this, defend a candidate's dissertation, and then a doctoral dissertation.

Place of work

After graduation, neuropsychologists work in government institutions as clinical psychologists, as well as in neurosurgical clinics. Often they choose the position of a teacher-psychologist, work in medical and psychological centers. In addition, a representative of this profession can get a job in a private clinic, which usually offers flexible working hours and a high income.

Salary

Salary as of 09/16/2019

Russia 15000—70000 ₽

Moscow 25000—150000 ₽

The salary of a neuropsychologist depends on the country, region in which he operates. Directly in Moscow, an employee who has just begun to practice receives about 20,000 rubles, and an experienced specialist earns 50,000 rubles. Payment for the work of a professional specialist in the field of neuropsychology can be more than 90,000 rubles. Those who carry out private practice can earn much more, provided that they really have fundamental knowledge in the field of neuropsychology.

Career

One of the career paths of a neuropsychologist is the opportunity to become the head of the department. Many specialists open private offices, as well as engage in scientific activities, which often go beyond the borders of the country. This opens up great prospects in international practice.

Professional knowledge

For a clinical psychologist in the field of neuropsychology, it is necessary to have knowledge in such areas as:

• psychophysiology;
• clinical and age anatomy;
• hygiene and physiology;
• psychotherapy;
• neurology;
• physiology of sensory systems, as well as higher nervous activity;
• psychiatry;
• physiology of the CNS.

Particular attention should be paid to sections of these areas that are aimed at children.

A specialist in neuropsychology must be versed in both clinical psychology and neurology, which allows him to design effective treatment programs for patients. At the same time, he must monitor how effective the method of improving the functions of the psyche is, and also correct it in a timely manner. This is possible with the help of knowledge of modern diagnostic methods, as well as the ability to use them.

Notable people in this profession

Luria Alexander Romanovich- Founder of Russian neuropsychology. The direction was opened after research into the mechanisms of the brain in those patients who suffered from local lesions of this organ, often as a result of trauma. Luria put forward the hypothesis that it is impossible to correct only one part of the brain: it is necessary to carry out the complex work of all its nodes. Approved the classification of aphasic disorders, discovered several forms of speech disorders.

Velichkovsky Boris Mitrofanovich- Russian psychologist, professor of neuropsychology, head of the department of neurocognitive sciences. He created more than 10 works devoted to research in the field of psychology and neuropsychology.

David Myers. American social psychologist. The author of well-known works in the field of psychology, including the book "Social Psychology", which makes it possible to understand the basic principles of this science with very simple examples.

neuropsychologist deals with the correction of certain functions of the human psyche, which contributes to the improvement of their work. The result of his activity is the restoration of speech, the normalization of the characteristics of perception, thinking, as well as various higher functions of the psyche. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology and psychology (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

This profession works closely with educators and clinical psychologists.

Features of the profession

The work of a neuropsychologist helps the client to adapt to the conditions of life in which he is at the moment. Officially, there are two branches of neuropsychology: adult and children. The second is younger and develops very quickly, so far without an official branch. That is why neuropsychology uses the same diagnostic methods for children's mental problems as for adults.

Most often, neuropsychologists work with children who suffer from:

• violations of the processes of controlling one's own behavior, as well as attention (such a phenomenon qualifies as attention deficit disorder, as well as hyperactivity);
• difficulties in the process of socialization (adaptation to society);
• increased fatigue;
• slow process of assimilation of the school curriculum.

Also, this specialist helps children with mental disabilities of an innate nature or those that appeared during life, for example, after injuries. For each child, the neuropsychologist selects a special training program, thanks to which an effective correction of mental functions is possible. It consists in performing various tasks aimed at improving attention, memory, etc.

A clinical psychologist in the field of neuropsychology also works with adult patients. They resort to the help of this specialist after lesions of the nervous system, which has suffered as a result of diseases, physical and psychological injuries. It is important to remember: this specialist is not a doctor.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros:

• providing care to patients;
• work in good conditions;
• demand (if the specialist has enough knowledge);
• the possibility of collecting information for scientific work;
• interesting cases in practice.

Minuses:

• responsibility for the health and life of the patient (the further mental state and behavior of the patient depends on the correctly selected methods recommended for treatment);
• low salaries in public institutions;
• difficulties in working with those patients who do not want to carry out a mental adjustment program.

Important qualities

With regards to human, and not professional qualities, a representative of this profession needs to be able to win over the patient and establish a trusting relationship with him. A prerequisite is the presence of empathy, but at the same time the ability to abstract, not letting the patient's problems through himself. It is also necessary to have a stable nervous system, since difficult cases of diseases often come across in practice.

A neuropsychologist must be able to work with children, since they make up the majority of the total number of patients. It takes patience and perseverance.

In addition, a representative of this profession will need constant professional development and self-training. Most of the research in the field of neuropsychology is published in English, so it is important to have knowledge of this language. In addition, at various international seminars in this language, it will be possible to exchange experience with specialists from other countries.

Where to study neuropsychology

universities

To become a specialist in this profile, you first need to get a higher education in the profession of "clinical psychologist". Further, qualifications need to be improved in graduate school, in parallel with this, defend a candidate's dissertation, and then a doctoral dissertation.

Place of work

After graduation, neuropsychologists work in government institutions as clinical psychologists, as well as in neurosurgical clinics. Often they choose the position of a teacher-psychologist, work in medical and psychological centers. In addition, a representative of this profession can get a job in a private clinic, which usually offers flexible working hours and a high income.

Salary

Salary as of 09/16/2019

Russia 15000—70000 ₽

Moscow 25000—150000 ₽

The salary of a neuropsychologist depends on the country, region in which he operates. Directly in Moscow, an employee who has just begun to practice receives about 20,000 rubles, and an experienced specialist earns 50,000 rubles. Payment for the work of a professional specialist in the field of neuropsychology can be more than 90,000 rubles. Those who carry out private practice can earn much more, provided that they really have fundamental knowledge in the field of neuropsychology.

Career

One of the career paths of a neuropsychologist is the opportunity to become the head of the department. Many specialists open private offices, as well as engage in scientific activities, which often go beyond the borders of the country. This opens up great prospects in international practice.

Professional knowledge

For a clinical psychologist in the field of neuropsychology, it is necessary to have knowledge in such areas as:

• psychophysiology;
• clinical and age anatomy;
• hygiene and physiology;
• psychotherapy;
• neurology;
• physiology of sensory systems, as well as higher nervous activity;
• psychiatry;
• physiology of the CNS.

Particular attention should be paid to sections of these areas that are aimed at children.

A specialist in neuropsychology must be versed in both clinical psychology and neurology, which allows him to design effective treatment programs for patients. At the same time, he must monitor how effective the method of improving the functions of the psyche is, and also correct it in a timely manner. This is possible with the help of knowledge of modern diagnostic methods, as well as the ability to use them.

Notable people in this profession

Luria Alexander Romanovich- Founder of Russian neuropsychology. The direction was opened after research into the mechanisms of the brain in those patients who suffered from local lesions of this organ, often as a result of trauma. Luria put forward the hypothesis that it is impossible to correct only one part of the brain: it is necessary to carry out the complex work of all its nodes. Approved the classification of aphasic disorders, discovered several forms of speech disorders.

Velichkovsky Boris Mitrofanovich- Russian psychologist, professor of neuropsychology, head of the department of neurocognitive sciences. He created more than 10 works devoted to research in the field of psychology and neuropsychology.

David Myers. American social psychologist. The author of well-known works in the field of psychology, including the book "Social Psychology", which makes it possible to understand the basic principles of this science with very simple examples.

In the course of studying the course, students acquire an understanding of the principles of brain maturation and the formation of mental activity in ontogenesis, the ability to take into account the specifics of the methods of neuropsychological syndromic analysis and the methods of neuropsychological examination of children and adolescents.

Academic plan

1. Theoretical and practical prerequisites for the emergence of childhood neuropsychology. The theory of functional systems and basic principles of systemogenesis PK Anokhin. The theory of systemic dynamic localization of higher mental functions (HMF) A.R. Luria. Subject of neuropsychology of childhood. The basic concepts of neuropsychology are “function”, “localization”, “symptom”, “syndrome”, “factor”, “syndromic analysis”; the specifics of their application in the neuropsychology of childhood. The principle of heterochrony in the morpho- and functional genesis of various brain structures. Intrasystem and intersystem heterochrony. Principles of advanced development, discrete and synchronous development of different parts of the brain. The role of organic and environmental factors in development (L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, P.Ya. Galperin).

2. Morphogenesis of the brain. Functionogenesis of various brain structures.

Indicators of morphogenesis. Patterns of morphological maturation of the subcortical regions and different areas of the cerebral cortex, cyto- and fibrogenesis, ensemble organization of the cortex. Criteria for the functional development of the brain. The hypothesis of two functionally different systems of connections of the cerebral cortex (A.N. Shepovalnikov). Transition from generalized forms of brain activity to region-specific ones. Gradual change of the diffuse form of activity of different parts of the analyzer systems to a selective one. Three functional blocks of the brain. Stage-by-stage formation of intrablock and interblock structural and functional organization. Interhemispheric interaction.

3. Genesis of mental functions.
Violation of mental functions in local lesions of the brain in ontogenesis. Hearing disorders. The degree of formation of mental functions and the specificity of behavior in solving adaptive problems at different stages of ontogenesis. The ratio of development and environmental influence. The connection between the formation of mental functions and the maturation of the brain. Neuropsychological interpretation of the concepts of “sensitive period”, “developmental crisis”, “zone of proximal development”, “qualitative restructuring of mental functions”. Specifics of neuropsychological syndromes in the analysis of HMF disorders in childhood. Symptoms of disorders and symptoms of unformed HMF. Features of the manifestation of local brain lesions in children. Hearing and speech disorders in local brain lesions. Specificity of speech disorders in lesions of the left and right hemispheres and diencephalic structures of the brain. Hypothesis about the role of the right hemisphere in speech processes (E. Seidel, J. Levy).

4. Violation of mental functions in local lesions of the brain in ontogenesis. Disorders of the perceptual sphere Violation of mental functions in epilepsy. Features of disturbances of the perceptual sphere in case of damage to the right, left hemispheres and diencephalic structures of the brain. Dominance of the right hemisphere in perceptual processes: the specifics of manifestation in symptoms of perceptual disorders. The problem of plasticity and specialization in ontogeny. Specificity of interhemispheric interaction in ontogeny (E.Lenneberg, M.Gazzaniga, M.Kinsborne, E.G.Simernitskaya). The problem of compensation in the development of HMF in different types of organic pathology: prospects and limitations.

5. Prolonged disorders of mental functions of organic origin. Long-term consequences of the pathology of the nervous system in ontogeny: learning difficulties. Typology of various variants of disorders of mental development in ontogeny. Classification by VV Lebedinsky. Neuropsychological approach to the typology of deviations. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia.

6. Attention Deficit Syndrome. Deviations in the development of mental functions in ontogenesis. The concept of “minimal brain dysfunction (MMD)”: methodological problems arising from the use of this concept. Deviations in mental development not associated with a diagnosed organic pathology of the brain: Irregularity of mental development (IPR). Polycausal character of IPR: irregularity of mental development as a result of MMD compensation; as a result of the influence of environmental factors. Characteristics of the manifestations of IPR. Preventive and prognostic value of IPR diagnostics.

7. Neuropsychological approach to assessing the normal formation of mental functions in ontogenesis.
Neuropsychological approach to the problem of left-handedness as a psychological and pedagogical problem. Individual differences in the formation of the structural and functional organization of the brain and psyche. Methodological issues of neuropsychological examination of children and analysis of individual differences in the development of HMF in the norm. Neuropsychological analysis of individual differences in the formation of speech and perceptual spheres in ontogeny. Multifactorial nature of the features of the formation of mental functions in ontogenesis. Neuropsychological description of the individual features of the brain organization in ontogeny using a distributed (multifactorial) neuropsychological developmental syndrome. Differences in the structural and functional organization of the brain and mental processes in right-handers and left-handers. The specifics of the manifestation of disorders and deviations in the formation of HMF in left-handers. Left-handedness as a psychological and pedagogical problem.

8. Methods of neuropsychological research of mental functions in ontogenesis.
Methods of neuropsychological prevention and correction of disorders of mental functions and deviations in development in ontogenesis. Features of diagnostic work in childhood. General characteristics of neuropsychological methods for examining children. Variants of the battery of A.R. Luria (T.V. Akhutina and others, A.V. Semenovich, L.S. Tsvetkova). Method "Luria-90" (E.G. Simernitskaya). Diacor method (Yu.V. Mikadze, N.K. Korsakova). Foreign research methods. Battery of tests for Halsted-Reitan children. Battery Kaufman (K-ABC). Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children (Nebraska). Benton test. Gestalt test Bender.

9. Workshop on pediatric neuropsychological diagnostics.
The purpose of the workshop is to train students in neuropsychological diagnostic work with children, teaching various methods of neuropsychological diagnostics,

10. Workshop on children's neuropsychological correction.
Training students in neuropsychological methods of correctional and developmental education of children with developmental disabilities, as well as methods for restoring mental functions. Consolidation of knowledge about the theoretical foundations of neuropsychological correction and rehabilitation.

Program leader. Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor.

Purpose of the program. Professional theoretical and practical training for neuropsychological diagnostics and correctional and developmental work to overcome or prevent the difficulties of teaching children with partial deviations in the development of HMF (including children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD).

Teachers. Training is conducted by prof. T.V. Akhutin and E.Yu. Matveeva (Obukhova), a qualified specialist in the field of child neuropsychology, Ph.D. psychological sciences

program listeners. The program is aimed at people with higher psychological, pedagogical and medical education, who are interested in gaining knowledge and practical skills in the field of child neuropsychology, as well as neuropsychologists who want to improve their professional skills.

Issued document. Certificate of advanced training at Moscow State University under the program "Children's neuropsychology: methods of diagnosis and correction."

Training period. The scope of the program is 72 acad. hours. The duration of training is 4.5 months.

Form of study. Evening.

Practice mode. 1 time per week for 4 acad. hours per day: Tuesday/Wednesday 18:30-21:30. The beginning of classes of the 1st stream from September 15/16, the 2nd stream from February 18.

Payment. The tuition fee for the 2019/2020 academic year is 40,000 rubles. Tuition is paid strictly in accordance with the specified cost without charging any additional payment from students for educational services not provided for by the contract with Moscow State University.

Acceptance conditions. According to the results of the interview. Pre-registration for an interview during the year at: [email protected].

Acceptance of documents. Faculty of Psychology, Moscow State University: st. B. Nikitskaya, 2, room. 2.3.03. Tel. 8-495-629-48-09.

List of documents.

• Passport his photocopy.
• Diploma of higher education and its photocopy.
• Photo for a pass (black and white or color, 3 x 4 or 3.5 x 4.5).

Academic plan.

Name of sections and topics	Total hours	Including
		Lectures	Workshops
Principles of neuropsychology Vygotsky - Luria
Formation in the ontogenesis of the structural and functional organization of the brain
Formation of the functions of the serial organization of movements
Formation of programming and activity control functions
Formation of the functions of processing kinesthetic information
Formation of visual information processing functions
Formation of the functions of processing visual-spatial information
Neuropsychological foundations of correctional and developmental education
Methods for the development of programming and control functions
Methods for the development of auditory perception and memory
Methods for the development of visual-verbal functions
Methods for the development of visual-spatial functions
General issues of organization of correctional and developmental education
Total

Final examination: curriculum exam.

the seminar is designed for psychologists, doctors, pediatricians, teachers, students of medical and psychological faculties, social workers and anyone interested in this topic.

The purpose of the workshop:

• formation of knowledge about the specific contribution of different parts of the brain to the implementation of mental activity;
• familiarization with the history and modern ideas about the brain organization of mental functions; the main neuropsychological syndromes that form with focal lesions of the cortex and subcortical formations;
• study of the methodology and techniques of the neuropsychological syndrome approach and methods of neuropsychological research, the specifics of neuropsychological diagnostics and its relationship with other types of psychodiagnostics;
• acquaintance with the possibilities of applying knowledge of neuropsychology in various areas of practical activity of a psychologist.

In the seminar program:

• Introduction to the theory of neuropsychology.
• Subject, tasks and methods of neuropsychology. The main directions of neuropsychology at the present stage.
• Methods of neuropsychological research. The method of syndromic analysis.
• The history of the development of ideas about the localization of mental functions in the brain.
• Modern neuropsychology on the localization of higher mental functions (HMF).
• Methodological basis of the modern approach to the problem of HMF localization in the domestic scientific tradition.
• IM Sechenov on the reflex nature of the psyche and central inhibition.
• Works of IP Pavlov on the role of the frontal lobes of the brain.
• Works by A. A. Ukhtomskii on the dynamic localization of functions.
• The concept of L.S. Vygotsky about the systemic structure of the HMF, about the disorder of the HMF with damage to various areas of the brain; about the dynamic formation of the HMF and the brain mechanisms that provide them in ontogeny.
• Conclusions I.N. Filimonov about the functional ambiguity of brain structures, about the phased structure and implementation of mental functions.
• Of particular importance is the theory of P. K. Anokhin on functional systems, as well as the works of N. A. Bernshtein on the levels of organization of movements and the topological space of structures united in the brain that provide a solution to the problem.
• The concept of A. R. Luria on the systemic dynamic localization of the HMF.
• Contribution to the development of neuropsychology of the Leningrad Scientific School (N. N. Traugott, N. P. Bekhtereva, V. L. Deglin, N. M. Tonkonogy, etc.).
• The factor problem in neuropsychology.
• The main prospects for the development of ideas about the localization of mental functions in the neuropsychological, psychological context and in the context of neurosciences.
• Basic principles of the structural and functional organization of the brain.
• Anatomical principles of brain organization.
• The principle of separation of the anterior and posterior parts of the brain. Brain organization of the sensory and motor cortex. Afferent and efferent ways of information processing.
• The principle of vertical (cortical-subcortical) structural and functional organization of the brain or the principle of hierarchical organization of the brain (H. Jackson, N. A. Bernstein).
• The main formations of the subcortical region of the brain and their role in mental processes.
• The concept of the three functional blocks of the brain.
• Block regulation of general and selective nonspecific activation of the brain. Brain organization and functions. Two types of brain activation.
• Block of reception, processing and storage of information.
• Primary, secondary and tertiary fields: structure and functions. Principles of operation of the second block of the brain.
  Block of programming, regulation of mental activity and control of its course. Brain organization and functions. The need for a functional contribution of each block of the brain to the provision of any kind of mental activity.
• The problem of interhemispheric asymmetry of the brain and interhemispheric interaction.
• History of the study of functional brain asymmetry: anatomical, physiological and clinical evidence for differences between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
• Interhemispheric interaction, interhemispheric connections (anterior commissure, corpus callosum, etc.).
  The concept of dominance of the left hemisphere of the brain. The concept of functional specificity of the cerebral hemispheres.
• Profile of interhemispheric asymmetry or lateral brain organization (LTO). Split brain syndrome.
• Neuropsychological approach to the problem of left-handedness. Methods for studying interhemispheric asymmetry.
• Neuropsychological analysis of the brain organization of the HMF, the emotional-personal sphere and consciousness (based on data on HMF disorders in cerebral pathology).
• Brain organization of visual gnosis.
• Basic principles of the structure of the visual analyzer. Sensory disorders of the visual system in case of damage to the subcortical and cortical parts of the visual analyzer.
• Violations of visual gnosis in lesions of the secondary cortical fields of the occipital and parietal-occipital areas of the brain.
• Types of visual agnosia: object, simultaneous, optical-spatial, color, letter, facial, etc.
• The role of the frontal lobes of the brain in visual gnosis (pseudo-agnosia).
• Interhemispheric asymmetry in visual-gnostic activity.
• The main methods of diagnosing the state of visual gnosis.
• Brain organization of tactile and skin-kinesthetic gnosis.
• Basic principles of the structure of the skin-kinesthetic analyzer.
• Types of general sensitivity (temperature, tactile, pain, kinesthetic, vibration), their receptor apparatus, pathways. Sensory disturbances.
• Violations of tactile gnosis with damage to the secondary fields of the cortex of the upper and lower parietal regions of the brain.
• Types of tactile agnosia: object (astereognosis), tactile alexia, finger agnosia, object texture agnosia.
• Somatoagnosia (violations of the body schema). Features of disruption of the skin-kinesthetic system in case of damage to the upper and lower parietal regions of the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
  The role of the skin-kinesthetic system in providing reverse afferentation of movements.
• Methods for the study of violations of tactile gnosis.
• Brain organization of acoustic gnosis. Two functional systems: speech and non-speech hearing.
• Sensory disturbances in lesions of the peripheral part of the nervous system. Disturbances in the perception and memorization of everyday noises (auditory agnosia), amusia, difficulties in assessing and reproducing rhythmic structures in case of damage to the secondary cortical fields in the temporal regions of the right hemisphere of the brain.
• Violation of phonemic hearing and auditory-speech memory in case of damage to the temporal cortical structures in the left hemisphere.
• Methods for the study of auditory gnosis in non-speech and speech spheres.
• Voluntary movements and actions. Afferent and efferent mechanisms of an arbitrary motor act. The contribution of I. M. Sechenov, I. P. Pavlov, P. K. Anokhin to the modern understanding of a voluntary motor act. The concept of N. A. Bernshtein on the level organization of the brain mechanisms of the motor system.
• Pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems. Violations of motor acts in case of damage to the primary motor cortex, pyramidal tract, motor neurons (paresis, paralysis, etc.).
• Movement disorders in case of damage to different levels of the extrapyramidal system: cortex and subcortical structures (striopallidal system, etc.).
• Apraxia. Apraxia classification according to A. R. Luria. Two types of motor perseverations (elementary, systemic). Methods for studying voluntary motor functions of the hand (postural praxis, dynamic praxis, object movements, symbolic actions, etc.). Other classifications of apraxia (Lipmann, Kleist, Ekaen, etc.).
• Brain organization of voluntary movements and actions. Apraxia problem.
• Psychological structure of speech and its functions. Linguistic units of speech. Expressive and impressive speech. Writing and reading as types of speech activity. Afferent and efferent parts of the speech system.
• Aphasia. Definition. Aphasia as a systemic defect. Classification of affasias by Wernicke-Lichtheim, Head, Traugott-Orfinskaya and others. Classification of aphasias proposed by A. R. Luria.
• Violations of the afferent links of the speech functional system (sensory, acoustic-mnestic, amnestic (optical-mnestic), afferent motor, semantic aphasia).
• "Speech zones" of the cortex of the left hemisphere of the brain (in right-handers). Violations of different types of speech activity in various forms of aphasia.
• A. R. Luria on the violation of the paradigmatic and syntagmatic organization of speech in case of damage to the posterior and anterior sections of the cortex of the left hemisphere of the brain. The role of the right hemisphere of the brain in speech activity.
• Methods for the study of violations of speech functions.
• Brain organization of mnestic activity.
• Memory as a functional system of the psyche, aimed at the formation of individual experience, its storage and updating of traces. Psychological organization of memory processes. Types, forms of memory. Involuntary and voluntary memory. Arbitrary memorization as mnestic activity. Modal-non-specific and modal-specific memory.
• Theories of forgetting (retroactive and proactive inhibition).
• Modal-nonspecific memory disorders in lesions of different levels of the nonspecific system (the level of the brainstem, diencephalic, limbic structures, medial parts of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain). Korsakovsky syndrome.
• Modal-specific memory impairments in lesions of various analytical systems: visual, auditory, skin-kinesthetic, motor.
• Memory disorders as an active mnestic activity (memorization and reproduction) in case of damage to the frontal lobes of the brain.
• Interhemispheric asymmetry in memory processes.
• Techniques for the study of modal-nonspecific and modal-specific memory disorders.
• Attention and its brain organization.
• Psychological structure of attention.
• Attention as a selective flow of mental processes. Factors affecting attention. Involuntary and voluntary attention.
• Modal-non-specific disturbances of attention in case of damage to various levels of the non-specific system: levels of the brainstem, diencephalic, limbic structures, mediobasal parts of the frontal lobes of the brain. Dissociation between involuntary and voluntary attention in lesions of the frontal lobes of the brain.
• Modal-specific attention disorders in the defeat of various analyzer systems. Symptoms of "ignoring" stimuli in the visual, auditory, tactile and motor areas. Visual, auditory, tactile, motor inattention with double stimulation.
• Psychophysiological studies of modal-non-specific and modal-specific disorders of voluntary and involuntary attention.
• Methods for the study of attention disorders.
• Violation of attention as a breakdown of the function of control over the course of complex forms of mental activity in case of damage to the frontal parts of the brain.
• Thinking as HMF and its brain organization.
• Psychological structure and brain organization of thinking.
• Disorders of thinking in the defeat of subcortical formations. Types of thinking.
• Disturbances of different types of thinking in case of damage to the posterior (TPO zone, temporal region of the left hemisphere) and anterior (premotor and prefrontal region) sections of the cerebral cortex.
  Specificity of thinking disorders in lesions of the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
• Violations of the account, types of acalculia.
• Methods for the study of violations of visual-figurative and verbal-logical thinking and counting operations.
• Brain organization of voluntary regulation of individual HMFs and activities in general
  Arbitrary regulation as a possibility of conscious control of mental activity based on the correlation of the initial motive, the program of activity corresponding to it and control data.
  Arbitrary forms of mental activity. Speech regulation as the highest form of arbitrary regulation. The structure and functions of the frontal parts of the brain. Frontal syndrome variants (A. R. Luria, K. Pribram, E. D. Khomskaya). activity regulation. Regulation of movements and actions. Violation of the function of programming, control and regulation in arbitrary forms of mental activity.
  Pseudo-agnosia, regulatory prefrontal apraxia, dynamic aphasia, pseudo-amnesia, impaired thinking.
• Emotional-personal sphere and consciousness in local brain lesions.
• Neuropsychological approach to the study of the emotional and personal sphere.
• Regulatory (initiating and controlling) function of emotions in mental activity. The brain organization of emotions. Emotion options. Violation of emotions in the defeat of the right and left hemispheres of the brain, the hypothalamic-pituitary region.
• Individual, personality. Neuropsychological approach to the study of individual differences. Neuropsychology of the norm. Possibilities of a neuropsychological approach to the study of personality disorders. Methods of research of the emotional-personal sphere.
• Neuropsychological analysis of disorders of consciousness.
• Clinic of local brain lesions with impaired consciousness (A. S. Shmaryan, A. R. Luria, T. A. Dobrokhotova, N. N. Bragina, B. I. Bely).
• Disturbances of consciousness in the defeat of the frontal lobes of the brain and nonspecific structures.
• Interhemispheric relations in manifestations of consciousness.
• Hypotheses about the contribution of various structures to the brain organization of consciousness: the limbic system, the left and right hemispheres, cortical-subcortical connections, prefrontal parts of the brain.
• Principles and procedure of syndromic analysis. neuropsychological syndromes.
• Methodology and main stages of neuropsychological syndromic analysis.
• The principle of identifying common in the psychological picture of the observed symptoms (A.R. Luria).
• The principle of double dissociation G. Teuber. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of violations.
• The main directions of neuropsychological diagnostics (Luriyevskaya, North American).
• The main syndromes of HMF disorders that occur with damage: TPO zones, gnostic secondary zones of the posterior parts of the brain, medial parts of the brain, premotor and prefrontal areas.

As a result of participating in the program, you will know:

• natural science approach to the description of HMF and their disorders in organic brain damage;
  methodology of neuropsychology;
• basic concepts of neuropsychology, its applied tasks;
• methods and techniques of neuropsychological examination.

As a result of participating in the program, you will be able to:

• navigate the theoretical apparatus and the main areas of neuropsychology,
• substantiate the relationship between disorders of mental functions, emotional and personal sphere, consciousness and disorders in the brain,
• change the above knowledge to solve scientific and practical problems.

As a result of participating in the program, you will own:

• structured knowledge about the neuropsychological (scientific) approach to the analysis of the relationship between behavior and brain function;
• ideas about its main problems and directions of development;
• methodology of neuropsychological examination.

The main methods used in conducting training:

conducting lectures, seminars, practical classes, discussions, analysis of specific clinical cases, situational tasks.

Main literature:

1. Aleksandrovsky Yu. A. Premorbid conditions and borderline mental disorders. – M.: Lit-terra, 2010. – 272 p.
2. Glozman Zh. M. Neuropsychology of childhood. - M .: Information Center "Academy", 2009. - 272 p.
3. Nazarov V. M. Neurology and neurosurgery: Textbook for students of higher medical education. - M .: Information Center "Academy", 2010. - 448 p.
4. Khomskaya ED Neuropsychology: Textbook for universities. 4th ed. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2012. - 496 p.

Additional literature:

1. Mikadze Yu. V. Neuropsychology of childhood. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2008.
2. Titova N.M. Clinical psychology: Lecture notes. - M.: Prior-izdat, 2008. - 108 p.
3. Tonkonogiy I. M. Clinical neuropsychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2007.

________________________
– available in the reading room “Institute of Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology”;
- available in the electronic library "KnigaFund": http://www.knigafund.ru.