In Russian literature, Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev is known primarily as a poet-philosopher. But he also created many heartfelt, sensitive lines about love, which are read and loved to this day. The love and philosophical poetry of the author are interconnected by the unity of views, the similarity of motives and the tragedy of what is described.
A special place in such lyrics by Tyutchev is given to the cycle addressed to Elena Denisyeva. At the age of forty-seven, the poet, having become a government official, the head of the family and a popular author, falls in love with his daughter's classmate, a student at the Smolny Institute, twenty-four-year-old Elena. The young lady reciprocated. And a passionate romance began between the lovers.
The relationship was carefully hidden until the girl became pregnant, and, being compromised, was expelled in disgrace a few days before the start of the final exams. A grandiose scandal erupted in the city: his legal wife Eleanor experienced the most pain, who was completely unaware of the betrayal and even often invited Denisyev to her home for tea, as a friend of her daughter.
Upon learning the truth, the wife felt humiliated and offended. In a fit of rage, she destroyed most of her husband's letters, which contained many poems dedicated to her. Subsequently, they were lost forever. It was to this dramatic event that the poet dedicated the poem “She was sitting on the floor ...”, written in 1858.
If you do not study the background, you may get the impression of an idealistic picture with a touch of sadness: a stranger, sitting on the floor, sorts out a stack of letters, picks them up, picks them up and throws them.
Tyutchev addressed the lyrical heroine in the third person and using the past tense. He says that she looks at the yellowish paper, on which the unity of two hearts is preserved, just as the souls of the dead from heaven follow the body they left behind, that is, lost, as if from the outside.
The woman does not seem to see the culprit of her torment, who is quietly standing in the distance. He wants to leave, but is afraid to break this created silence. The hero feels guilty. Tyutchev noted that looking at a woman, a man would be ready to fall on his knees and ask for forgiveness for the grief he brought. But the whole tragedy was that all these tears and requests would not bring any result: the very feeling for the wife disappeared, nothing could be done. And any reconciliation would be a lie that only increased the suffering of both. Understanding this caused the lyricist an extraordinary sadness, as if one more page of his fate had been turned over and it would be impossible to return to it again, no matter what happens next.
Despite the rather small volume, the work abounds in figurative and expressive means. The main place among them is occupied by epithets: “familiar sheets”, “irrevocably experienced life”, “sorrowful minutes”, “killed love” and others. They emphasize the drama, the irrevocable feelings of people who once loved each other.
The alliteration used in the poem gives it expressiveness and a kind of awareness of sad certainty and clarity. The inversion “I stood silently” shifts attention from the lady to the hero, subsequently placing the emphasis on experiences. The unique comparison of a pile of letters with ashes shows that a true feeling can give indescribable happiness, but also destroy it.
In this case, love is shown as a kind of fateful feeling. According to Tyutchev, she becomes a force ready to tear a person off the ground and make him soar above problems, but at the same time, she can throw us to the ground, leaving terrible wounds. People know what love is capable of, they understand that it can destroy their lives, take away peace, but again they rush into the flames of passions. And so it will always be.
This poem is thoroughly saturated with sadness and longing for departed feelings. And, even without knowing the history of its creation, the reader is touched by the depth of love lyrics and understands its meaning.
Meanwhile, it was dedicated to Tyutchev's wife. The poet, already in adulthood and being married, fell in love with another girl. And their relationship lasted quite a long time. His wife found out about her. And although she was able to forgive her husband's betrayal and continue to live with him, she experienced it very painfully.
One day, Tyutchev caught her doing the activity that he describes later in his poem. She went through their old correspondence. There were also poems dedicated only to her alone.
The feeling of longing and regret, as well as helplessness in the current situation, then overwhelmed the poet and was reflected in these lines. With what sadness he, invisible in the work, looks from the side at how once his only beloved woman sorted out this pile of paper.
And the comparison of letters with cooled ashes echoes the author's cooled feelings. Although he continued to love both women throughout the rest of his life, his feelings for his wife were still not the same. Looking sadly at this scene, the poet wants to throw himself on his knees and return everything. But the realization that this can no longer be corrected turns all these impulses into a shadow. As well as himself, he represents in this work a shadow watching what is happening. Everything is gone, only memories remain, imprinted on these old yellowed sheets.
Analysis of the poem She sat on the floor of Tyutchev
F. Tyutchev's poem "She was sitting on the floor", written in 1858, is permeated word by word and line by line with an incredibly strong and fiery burning feeling. After the first acquaintance with this masterpiece, one feels not only the emotional depth, but also all the bitterness, the destructive power of the aftertaste of love. The problem of this poem is the irretrievable departure of once burning feelings.
In the first stanza, a woman, tormented by grief, appears before us: "She was sitting on the floor." She sits not because she is unable to get up, but because the strength of her inner feelings of despondency is so great that it absorbs all her physical strength. The letters reflect her life that has cooled down and cooled down as a result of extinguished love. Throwing letters is the cry of the soul from the surging memories.
In the second stanza, the author again uses an amazing, and at the same time such an accurate comparison, in order to give expressiveness and strength of sensation to the witnesses of this drama. The woman looks at the letters, "as souls look from a height at their abandoned body." Her memory is not only in her thoughts, but also in her hands, in her hands, which once felt the love of a dear person.
The apotheosis of all tragedy is displayed in the third stanza. Here the author conveys the realization and understanding that the finale has already taken place, and it will not be possible to revive the feeling that was burning with fire until recently.
The repentant participant in the tragedy, watching the suffering victim of love, appears in the fourth stanza. On the one hand, he is ready to ask for forgiveness and act, but on the other hand, he understands that this one is only inside him, in reality - love has disappeared and it is impossible to return it.
The work uses different epithets to enhance the feelings experienced: “familiar”, “sorrowful”, “sweet”. The multiplicity of complex sentences evokes an unprecedented and confusing power of feelings to readers. The relevance of the work will never be eclipsed, since love is eternal.
Analysis of the poem She sat on the floor according to plan
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She was sitting on the floor
And sorted through a pile of letters,
And, like cooled ashes,
Picked them up and threw them away.
I took familiar sheets
And it was wonderful to look at them,
How souls look from above
On the abandoned body...
Oh, how much life was here
Irrevocably experienced!
Oh, how many sad minutes
Love and joy killed!..
I stood silently aside
And the mouth was ready to kneel, -
And I became terribly sad
As from an inherent sweet shadow.
One of my favorite poems by F.I. Tyutchev "She was sitting on the floor ..." was written in 1858.
The 1850s were a time of dramatic experiences associated with Tyutchev's love for E. A. Denisyeva, a young pupil of the Smolny Institute, where the poet's two daughters were studying at that time. Their romance, which society knew about, lasted 14 years and ended with the death of the girl.
However, the poet dedicated this poem not to the young Denisyeva, but to his second wife, Ernestine von Dernberg. The woman knew about her husband's affair and, of course, experienced indescribable bitterness from this.
She was sitting on the floor
And sorted through a pile of letters ...
I believe that the main thing of the poem is the image of this heap of letters. These letters are like yellowed autumn leaves, which only irritate the soul with memories of the past. They are nothing more than "cooled ash", left over from the flame of the former feeling.
I took familiar sheets
And it was wonderful to look at them...
The lyrical heroine rereads these letters with surprise. She remembers, but no longer understands those vivid feelings that she experienced earlier. These letters are her past. Not even her, but that young woman who looks "from above" at her current self.
However, the heroine is unable to discard the memories. Yes, and how? She loved and suffered. Is it possible to leave this behind? After all, “how much life was here, ... how many sorrowful minutes, love and joy killed ...”
But, as the poet correctly notes, all feelings between these people have already been irrevocably experienced. The lyrical hero understands this. But he, standing "silently, aside" and watching this woman, "was ready to fall on his knees." What for? For what? To ask for forgiveness? Or to share the bitterness of memories of the past? He is ready to be there at this moment, she only needs to give him a sign. But there is no sign, and the hero leaves the woman alone, allowing her to live these moments alone.
For me, the poem “She was sitting on the floor ...” is the pinnacle of the creative genius of F.I. Tyutchev. Probably, someone will not agree with me, but the sincerity of these lines will not leave anyone indifferent.
Tyutchev's love lyrics were based on their own relationships, emotional searches, throwing and experiences, morality and immorality. The poet splashed out all his spiritual impulses on paper, and he had something to say. In his poems one can find remorse, pangs of conscience, and regret. A talented man, Fyodor Ivanovich, even tragedy could be wrapped in an exquisite literary wrapper.
The poem "She was sitting on the floor ..." can be considered such an example of romantic lyrics. This is a real brilliant phenomenon of Russian poetry, as Nikolai Nekrasov said.
The history of the creation of Tyutchev's poem "She was sitting on the floor ..."
This poetic creation by Tyutchev was written already in adulthood. By this time, the diplomat had a position in society, he was known as a decent family man, respected as a high-ranking official. The man was 47 years old.
At this time, a new feeling, unexpected love, bursts into his life. He falls in love with Elena Denisyeva, who is barely twenty-four years old.
It soon became clear that not only the poet had passionate and tender feelings for Elena Denisyeva, he was also loved. Between two completely different people, both in age and in their views, a stormy romance breaks out, which as a result led to Elena's pregnancy. It was no longer possible to hide it, and the society would know what had happened. Everyone discusses Tyutchev's personal life, and condemns him. This scandal in society reached his family. Soon his wife finds out about his relationship on the side. Eleanor accepts her husband's betrayal very painfully and tragically. In an emotional outburst, she begins to destroy her husband's letters that he once wrote. They contained poems that were dedicated only to her, and were unknown to the world. Thus, most of the correspondence was destroyed. Unfortunately, these Tyutchev creations were never restored later.
The poet saw this picture, this scene of the destruction of his letters stood before his eyes for a long time. Therefore, in 1858, he wrote his poem "She was sitting on the floor ...", dedicated to his wife. A new love in his life brought happiness, grief, and tragedy. He could not divorce his wife, but he could not leave Elena either, so the romance continued, and the man was literally torn between two women. This triangle with his wife and mistress lasted for fourteen years, until Elena's death returned Tyutchev to the family bosom. But for the rest of his life, he continued to love both, and was grateful to both of them for the fact that he managed to survive such strong feelings.
The plot of Tyutchev's poem
There are only two main characters in this story. The author, on whose behalf the entire text is narrated, is also the lyrical hero and the main character. A woman, sitting in her room, sorts out the letters that she had sacredly kept before. She takes each letter in turn, with each of them she has some kind of memory associated with it. After holding it a little in her hands, the woman throws the letter. The lyrical hero carefully observes the woman, trying to catch the emotions that she is experiencing.
The poet-philosopher dreams of conveying all the emotions that the heroine feels at this critical time in her life. Therefore, the lyricist uses such a composition. Only four stanzas, each of which reflects a deep and subtle feeling.
The main theme of the entire Tyutchev poem "She was sitting on the floor" is a love theme. But the author raises and touches in his subtle and tender poem on the problem that a person himself someday comes to the realization that strong feelings go away and they will not return. Therefore, he describes the actions of the main character in the first two stanzas. But the third and fourth stanzas allow us to describe the internal state of the main characters.
The second character in Tyutchev's poem "She was sitting on the floor ..." is a lyrical hero who is not far from the woman and is carefully watching her. But he does not perform any actions and does not try to interfere with the woman. He himself experiences very much, watching her. And bitter sadness settles in his soul. He sees how a woman suffers, how hard it is for her, but he cannot help her, or change something. Therefore, sometimes his suffering reaches the point of complete despair. Mistakes have already been made and there can be no return.
You can single out a separate image and letters that occupy a central place in the poem. There are a lot of them, and all of them are a confirmation of the feelings that raged in the souls of the spouses. But now it's just ashes, which even had time to cool down. For the heroine, these feelings and these letters are reminders that everything has passed, this is a memory of love that will not be resurrected now.
Analysis of Tyutchev's poem
In the composition of Tyutchev's poem, four stanzas stand out. Let's consider them in more detail. The first stanza is a description of the actions of the main character, who, sitting on the floor, sorts out old letters dear to her heart. The very fact that a woman was sitting on the floor shows her emotional state, because this is her great suffering, and the tragedy of her personal life, and defenselessness. All these letters have already turned into a large pile, which still keeps the memories of dear days for the heroine. A beautiful woman takes one leaf at a time, reads it, and then abruptly throws it aside. The author clearly shows the reader that it was once expensive for a woman.
In the second Tyutchev stanza, the tragedy of man sounds. The author uses the grammatical form of the imperfect form and the past tense. This allows the lyrics to create an atmosphere of remembrance. Therefore, the poet-philosopher at the end of the second line and put a thoughtful ellipsis, creating an atmosphere of memories, showing that this story is not over yet. But you can read this ellipsis in a different way: a woman suffers from the life in which she was happy and which remained in the past.
The third stanza is women's memories, where the heroine recalls those moments when she was happy, but she will never be able to return that time. Tyutchev uses the words "life" and "killed", showing that there can be no return. This contains all the experiences of a woman and the tragedy of the situation.
In the fourth stanza, Tyutchev also shows the main character, who is precisely the culprit of women's suffering. He, looking at her, also feels the pain that the heroine is experiencing, he himself is ready to obey her, but he understands that nothing can change, that feelings have already cooled down and it is impossible to resurrect them.
means of expression
An incredible number of different artistic means were used by the author in the poem "She was sitting on the floor ...". This allows the poet to achieve an unusual melodiousness and sensuality.
♦ Comparison: letters are compared to ashes.
♦ A rhetorical exclamation that gives the entire text a special emotional richness.
♦ Inversion, which helps to create a special mood of the text and give it a special rhythm.
There are dots in the text, showing that the author cannot always express or explain everything in words. Unexpressed thoughts and feelings remain one of the highlights of Tyutchev's lyrics. This creation about love is written in iambic tetrameter, the rhyme is crossed, there is a gradual alternation of male and female rhymes.
She was sitting on the floor
And sorted through a pile of letters,
And, like cooled ashes,
Picked them up and threw them away.
I took familiar sheets
And it was wonderful to look at them,
How souls look from above
On their abandoned body...
Oh, how much life was here
Irrevocably experienced!
Oh, how many sad minutes
Love and joy killed!..
I stood silently aside
And the mouth was ready to kneel, -
And I became terribly sad
As from an inherent sweet shadow.
Critical ratings and reviews
L. Tolstoy expressed his opinion about Tyutchev's poem with just two letters: “T.Ch.”, if they are deciphered, they meant the following words: “Tyutchev. The senses". He believed that the sensual poet managed to convey what no one else could do before him: he conveyed feelings in words. The poet himself said that love always brings torment and suffering, because this, in his opinion:
"the struggle of unequal two hearts"
All this made the poem relevant for all times. People get into love triangles all the time. After all, even a strong feeling that can fade away can happen to anyone. This is the secret of the relevance of the work. Therefore, this Tyutchev poetic masterpiece penetrates so deeply into the hearts of people, forcing them to repeat the lines and empathize with the heroine.
The love lyrics of F. Tyutchev are among the brightest and most exciting pages in the work of this talented poet. The poems that the author dedicated to the chosen ones are simply overflowing with emotionality, sensuality, and often even tragedy.
History of writing
The history of writing a work can help the reader make a correct poetic analysis. "She was sitting on the floor ..." Tyutchev wrote already in adulthood. When the poet was 47 years old, he was a respected person and a happy family man. But it so happened that at that moment Fedor fell in love with a 24-year-old girl - Elena Deniseva. His feeling turned out to be mutual, and a stormy romance broke out between the two people, which proceeded serenely until it turned out that Elena was expecting a baby. A grandiose scandal erupted in society, he could not help touching Tyutchev's legal wife, Eleanor. She experienced the betrayal of her husband very painfully. In a moment of despair, she destroyed a significant part of the correspondence with Fedor, which contained a large number of poems dedicated specifically to her. The works were irretrievably lost. This sad event is described by the poet in the poem "She was sitting on the floor ...". F. Tyutchev wrote it in 1858.
Love for Elena became both joy and grief in the life of the poet. He could not divorce his wife, but he also failed to give up happiness with Denisyeva. So, it lasted almost 14 years. Tyutchev lived longer than both women, but he kept his feelings and gratitude in his heart for both one and the other.
Analysis of the poem "She was sitting on the floor ..." F. Tyutchev
Very often, in the works of Fyodor Tyutchev, such feelings are described that a person experiences at certain turning points in his life. The famous poem "She was sitting on the floor ..." has four stanzas, and each is filled not only with feeling, but also with deep meaning. With the help of some words, the author managed to convey emotions so that every reader could feel the state of the heroine of the poem.
First stanza
The first stanza tells of a woman who is sorting through old letters while sitting on the floor. Even interline analysis is not needed here. “She was sitting on the floor” - Tyutchev, only with the help of these four words, was able to convey some of the emotions that the woman felt. Only in her posture can one already catch the suffering and defenselessness. Further, it becomes clear to the reader that all this pile of letters was once very dear to the heroine. That is why she first takes each sheet in her hands, and then throws it aside. The author makes it clear that at the moment they no longer mean anything to her.
Second stanza
The second stanza conveys to the reader a real human tragedy. Verbs such as "sat", "looked", "took", "disassembled" help to do ("She was sitting on the floor ..."). Tyutchev, with the help of these words, depicts the behavior of the heroine. All and are used only in This adds the character of the memory. At the same time, the burdensome moment of nostalgia is emphasized.
At the end of the second stanza, there is an ellipsis, which means a pause, as if an unfinished thought. In this ellipsis, you can see the suffering of the soul of the main character for a happy past life.
Third stanza
These lines show the memories of a woman. The heroine goes over in her memory the happy moments she experienced, which no longer mean anything at the present time and which will never return. The phrase "how much life" in the first line forms a semantic ring with the word "killed" in the last line. This moment enhances the feeling of experience and deep tragedy.
Fourth stanza
With the help of the last stanza, you can make a final analysis of "She was sitting on the floor ...". Tyutchev shows the reader a man who is probably the culprit of all the suffering of the heroine. This man felt all the pain that the woman was experiencing at that moment. He is even ready to fall on his knees in front of her, but at the same time he understands that it is already impossible to change anything, feelings are doomed, they cannot be renewed, no matter how hard you try.
Tolstoy's opinion
Leo Tolstoy marked this poem with two letters “T. Ch.", which means "Tyutchev. Feeling". The famous writer believed that in this poem the poet was able to convey those feelings that are almost impossible to express with words. There are moments in life when a large number of emotions fight in a person, which is very difficult to explain, and Tyutchev managed to convey this in his poem.
For many, the work “She was sitting on the floor ...” still remains relevant. Analysis of the poem showed that such a moment can happen in the life of every person. Perhaps, for some, this masterpiece is the pinnacle of creativity, but for someone - just poetry. We can only say one thing: such lines will not leave anyone indifferent.
