World Blood Donor Day is observed every year on June 14th. Its date is dedicated to the birthday of the Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner, who owns the discovery of human blood groups. The need for human blood transfusion arises on the planet every second. Non-repayable donors come to the rescue, and they will be honored all over the world today. . It is believed that among voluntary donors who do not require payment, blood-borne infections are less common. In 2018, World Blood Donor Day will be held under the slogan “Think of your own. Donate blood. Share life.
June 14 is International Blogger Day. Today, blogging is a fairly common activity. After all, anyone in his personal diary can speak on topics that excite him, tell stories from life, publish information that is interesting in his opinion, or simply share his favorite recipes. A blog is a huge scope for creativity, which is available to absolutely every Internet user. If you also consider yourself a blogger, do not forget to congratulate like-minded people on the holiday.
In the USA today, all streets and houses will be decorated with flags. After all, on June 14 in the country, at the suggestion of the school teacher B.J. Sigranda, Flag Day is celebrated. June 14 was not chosen by chance - it was on this day in 1777 that the Stars and Stripes were officially approved.
In 1941, on June 14, People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Vyacheslav Molotov publicly stated that only an idiot could now think about attacking the Soviet Union. Just over a week remained before the start of World War II.
In 1942, Walt Disney's animated film "Bambi" was released. The cartoon failed at the box office, but gained unprecedented popularity on reruns, becoming a cult film. Disney himself admitted that the story about the deer is his favorite creation. Interestingly, the cartoon character Man was recognized by the American Film Institute as one of the 50 greatest movie villains. Bambi is one of the most popular symbols of the struggle for animal rights.
On this day were born:
French physicist Charles Coulomb
On June 14, 1325, 21-year-old Ibn Battuta left his hometown of Tangier and went on a pilgrimage to perform the Hajj to Mecca. Adventures in the passage of the greatest desert of the Sahara led him to the idea of continuing travel. He visited Africa, the Middle and Far East - places unknown to medieval Europeans. In total, Ibn Battuta covered 120,700 km, which is beyond the power of many researchers, even those who use modern technical innovations. Ibn Battuta described all the visited countries as completely as possible. For the first time, his work was partially translated into European (Latin) in 1818, and in 1829 into English. For the history of Russia, the description of the Golden Horde of the times of Khan Uzbek is of the greatest importance. In 1874, an edition of this book was published in St. Petersburg with an Arabic text and a French translation.
On this day in 1777, the Continental Congress approved the US flag. Initially, there were 13 stars on the cloth - that is how many states were part of the Union at that moment. With the advent of each new state, another star and another stripe were added to the flag. However, in 1818 it was decided to leave the original number of red and white lines - 13. There is a legend that there was another design of the flag, which was a circle of 13 stars on a blue background.
On June 14, 1834, American inventors worked fruitfully. Isaac Fisher of Springfield, Vermont patented sandpaper. And Leonard Norcross of Maine received a patent for a diving suit. The design consisted of clothing cut from airtight leather and a copper helmet to which a rubber hose was attached to supply air. To prevent the diver from surfacing, lead was placed in the boots.
In 1839, England hosted the first Royal Regatta at Henley.
On June 14, 1873, Heinrich Schliemann recovered the first gold object from an excavation in Turkey. A German businessman and amateur archaeologist who had grown rich in Russia carried out excavations begun in the fall of 1871 on the Hisarlyk hill near the Dardanelles. Actually, it was not Schliemann who dug, but a certain Turkish worker, who remained unknown in history, and the archaeologist noticed how something flashed under the shovel, immediately released the workers and continued the excavations personally. In the evening, about 9,000 unique gold and silver items lay in his tent. Unconditionally believing in the Iliad, thanks to which he "came out" to Hissarlik, Schliemann had no doubt that he had found Troy and the treasures of Priam. The news of the excavations produced the effect of an exploding bomb in archeology. But serious science did not want to hear about Troy found by "an ignorant dilettante."
On this day in 1905, an uprising began on the Russian battleship Prince Potemkin Tauride. The battleship at that time was stationed not far from Odessa, in which a general strike of workers was taking place. The rebellious sailors dealt with the most hated officers and brought the battleship to Odessa. "Potemkin" went over to the side of the revolution. The emperor sent military ships against the battleship, but the sailors of these ships refused to shoot at the rebels. For several days, a red flag fluttered on the Potemkin. But there were quite a few Mensheviks, Socialist-Revolutionaries and anarchists in the composition of the battleship team. Some of the sailors hesitated at decisive moments. The rest of the ships of the Black Sea Fleet did not join the rebel battleship. Lacking coal and food, the revolutionary battleship was forced to withdraw to the coast of Romania and surrender to the Romanian authorities. Soon, Romania returned the squadron battleship "Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky" to Russia. The uprising of the sailors on the battleship Potemkin ended in defeat. The sailors who later fell into the hands of the tsarist government were put on trial. At the end of September 1905, the tsarist government renamed the battleship "Panteleimon". The crew of the Panteleimon was one of the first in the fleet to support the rebels of Ochakov, joining them on November 13, 1905. After the February Revolution of 1917, the ship was returned to its former name, albeit in a somewhat truncated form - it became known as the Potemkin-Tavrichesky. And a month later, given the revolutionary merits of his crew, they assigned a new name - "Freedom Fighter". In May 1918, the Freedom Fighter was captured by the Kaiser's troops. Later, it passed into the hands of the Denikinists, and on the eve of the arrival of the Red Army in the Crimea, it was blown up by the Anglo-French invaders leaving Sevastopol.
In 1912, in Lyon, local authorities banned the screening of any films that showed criminal offenses.
And in 1920, the leaders of the Bolshevik Party took care of their food. At a small meeting of the Council of People's Commissars, the provision on the "Council of People's Commissars" was considered and unanimously approved. By unanimous decision, the document was classified as classified and was not published in the press. Only six decades later, information about the "sovnarkom ration" signed by Lenin saw the light. It is clear that the proletarian party-economic "nomenklatura" did not offend itself in those days either.
On June 14, 1939, an ode to the USSR was announced about the contradiction between genetics and Marxist dialectics. Until 1936, the “persecution” was limited only to the closure of the Russian Eugenic Journal, the actual cancellation of the one prepared by N.I. Vavilov of the International Congress of Geneticists and critical articles in the press, in which geneticists were asked to pay attention to the dubiousness of the ideas they promoted and approach the consideration of scientific problems from the point of view of the class approach and Marxist-Leninist theory. One of the main critics was Academician Lysenko, who largely made up his political capital on this. The debates on genetics that arose in the 1930s quickly moved from the realm of science to the realm of politics. On one side were world-famous biologists, followers of Morgan. They were opposed by a group led by Lysenko, who used Marxist terminology to advertise his achievements. He presented the government with a picture of an uninterrupted food supply based on the achievements of Marxist biology, promised a new era of abundance in ten years, openly fought against geneticists, arguing that they were putting sticks in the wheels of progress. Classical genetics began to be publicly called "fascist science", and political persecution of genetic scientists began. In the late 1930s, arrests and executions began to take place. Nikolai Vavilov was arrested on suspicion of anti-Soviet activities on August 6, 1940, sentenced to death (later commuted to 15 years in the camps) and died in prison in 1943, many other scientists also ended up in the camps, and some others were shot. The Great Patriotic War somewhat drowned out the sharpness of the disputes. They finished off the geneticists after the war, in 1948. At the end of August, a large “personnel purge” began. More than 100 geneticists were fired, some were expelled from the party, including I.A. Rapoport, D.A. Sabinin committed suicide in 1951. All genetic research in the USSR was practically stopped. Genetics began to gradually recover thanks to atomic physicists who created laboratories for radiation genetics in their closed institutes. A complete restoration of genetic research occurred only after the removal of N.S. Khrushchev in October 1964.
On June 14, 1940, Paris was taken by German troops. On the same day, in the evening, a giant banner with a Nazi swastika was erected on the Eiffel Tower. This victory was very significant for the Germans, who had a special dislike for France, and in particular, for Paris, since throughout the entire World War I, the French, by the will of fate, avoided German occupation. The swastika hovering over the Champs Elysees was a kind of German revenge for the shame in the First World War. Eight days after the capture of the French capital, Henri Pétain and other French political leaders signed an armistice with the Nazis. According to this document, Germany annexed half of France, where an occupation regime was established. Industrial, raw materials, food resources of France were under the control of Germany. In the remaining half (in the south of the country), power was transferred to the puppet government of Pétain. This armistice was signed in the Compiègne forest, which was also very symbolic, since twenty years ago, in 1919, the Germans were forced to sign the act of surrender there.
On June 14, 1941, the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR, V. Molotov, declared that only an idiot could now think about an attack on the Soviet Union.
In 1954, the hysteria in the United States about the nuclear threat from the Soviet Union reached its apogee. On June 14, American citizens were tested throughout the country on their knowledge of the rules of conduct during an atomic attack.
In the early 1960s, there was a sharp cooling of Soviet-Chinese relations. In 1963, China refused to recognize the leading role of the USSR in the world communist movement.
There is much to learn from some politicians in the history of political technologies. One of the chapters of this textbook was written in Haiti. On June 14, 1964, a nationwide plebiscite was organized there. A decree was printed on the ballots declaring President François Duvalier president for life. To the question "Do you agree?" the answer "Yes" was immediately printed in large letters. Anyone who wanted to say “no” had to write it in by hand, which meant becoming a victim of persecution. In September 1957, presidential elections were held under the auspices of the military. Four candidates applied for the highest post: Francois Duvalier, a doctor by education, a protege of army circles; Clement Jumel, Minister of Labor in the government of Magloire, who enjoyed the support of trade unions; Louis Dejouy, conservative, leader of the merchants of Port-au-Prince; and Fignole. The military allowed only Duvalier to conduct the election campaign - he was elected. Shortly after coming to power, Duvalier established a one-man dictatorship. He removed from his post and expelled from the country many senior army officials, created an armed secret police - the Tonton Macoutes. The dictator created a semblance of stability through unprecedentedly brutal repressive measures. Freedom of speech and other civil liberties no longer existed; trade unions were banned and their leaders imprisoned or expelled; all attempts at resistance were accompanied by raids on the supporters of Dejouy and Fignolet. In the elections of 1961, held in an atmosphere of terror, Duvalier won re-election for a new six-year term, and in June 1964 he adopted a new constitution that proclaimed him president for life. During the 1960s, he steadily tightened his repression, which forced the United States in 1963 to stop providing assistance to him. In 1971, the constitution was amended, according to which Duvalier received the right to appoint his successor. As a result, after the death of Duvalier at the end of the same year, his nineteen-year-old son Jean-Claude Duvalier, nicknamed "Baby Doc", took over as president for life.
On June 14, 1965, Paul McCartney created the song "Yesterday". Her melody was born back in January of the previous year, but for a long time she remained without words. The final birth of the song took place in Portugal, where Paul vacationed with Jane Asher from May 28 to June 11. Three days after their return, the Beatles recorded "Yesterday" in two takes, which became the most popular song of the legendary quartet. musical date. On the same day in 1965, the “song of all times and peoples” was recorded - “Yestedey” (“Yesterday”). Paul McCartney called this song, which was included in the Beatles' album "Help!", his best work. "I like it not only because it was a great success, but also because it was one of the most sincere songs I have ever written," he said.
In 1970, Blood, Sweat and Tears began a tour of Yugoslavia, Romania, and Poland. For the first time, Western rock musicians toured behind the Iron Curtain.
On June 14, 1983, the Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU was held, led by Secretary General Yuri Andropov. A change of political course was planned. The country began to tighten the regime. Andropov went for a radical revision of the official party doctrine. He abandoned Brezhnev's favorite term "developed socialism." It turned out that the USSR was still at the very beginning of the path to real socialism. It was almost true, as were the frank confessions of party bosses about serious difficulties in the economy. Andropov made no secret of his intention to return to Stalin's positive ideas. The Central Committee was preparing a resolution on the rehabilitation of the "leader of the peoples", it was supposed, in particular, to rename Volgograd to Stalingrad. The plenum withdrew from the Central Committee of the CPSU the former Interior Minister Nikolai Shchelokov and the first secretary of the Krasnodar Territory Committee Sergei Medunov "for mistakes made in their work." Under Brezhnev, such formulations were unthinkable. Party apparatchiks were punished for bribery. Shchelokov was expelled from the party and deprived of all awards, except for military ones. In the fall of 1984, he shot himself. Medunov was simply demoted to Deputy Minister of Fruit and Vegetable Economy. Andropov carried out the largest rotation of party personnel since the 1930s: in a little over a year, 37 first secretaries of regional committees, regional committees and republics, as well as 18 union ministers, lost their posts. Less than six months after the plenum, Andropov died, and the reforms he had conceived were not implemented. Seriously ill Chernenko became at the helm of the country.
On this day in 1985, an agreement was signed in Schengen between five European states, called the Schengen Agreement.
On June 14, 1995, at about noon, two KamAZ vehicles with armed men broke into the city of Budyonnovsk. Russia will recognize the name of the most terrible villain - Shamil Basayev. Prime Minister Chernomyrdin enters into negotiations with him. Now it becomes clear that the war has gone beyond Chechnya. The Chechens will threaten and take civilians hostage. The power to prevent this can not always be. The resignations of Yegorov, Stepashin, Erin and the Stavropol governor Kuznetsov do not change anything.
On this day in 1999, the US Supreme Court overturned a 65-year-old ban on casino TV ads.
On June 14, 2004, the Mercer Human Resource Consulting company, which studies the cost of living in various cities of the world, recognized Moscow as the third most expensive city in the world. Tokyo is recognized as the most "expensive". In second place is London.
NewsUnited Nations, World Blood Donor Day.
Russia, Migration Service Workers Day.
1325 G.- 21-year-old Ibn Battuta left his hometown of Tangier and went on a journey. For 30 years, he went around the entire Muslim world and the countries bordering it, having traveled 120,000 kilometers over the years.
1783 G.- On the western shore of the "South Bay" the first stone buildings of the city of Sevastopol were laid, this date is considered the day the city was founded.
1800 G.- In Cairo, the Napoleonic general, the governor of Egypt, Jean-Baptiste Kleber, was killed.
1807 G.- The Russian army was defeated by Napoleon near Friedland.
1859 G.- Accession of Chechnya to the Russian Empire. The war in the Caucasus continued.
1891 G.- The laying of the "great Siberian railway" took place.
1898 G.- In Russia, for the first time, the working day is legally limited (11.5 hours).
1905 G.- The uprising began on the battleship "Prince Potemkin Tauride".
1912 G.- In Lyon (France), local authorities have banned the screening of any films that show criminal offenses.
1920 G.- A secret regulation on the "Sovnarkomovsky ration" is approved at the small SNK. By unanimous decision, the document was classified as classified and was not published in the press. Only six decades later, information about the "sovnarkom ration" signed by Lenin saw the light. It turns out that the proletarian party-economic "nomenklatura" did not offend itself even in the distant 1920s.
1921 G.- British Colonial Secretary Winston Churchill announced that the British administration of Mesopotamia would be replaced by an Arab government.
1939 G.- In the USSR, a "contradiction between genetics and Marxist dialectics" was announced.
1941 G.- People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR V. Molotov said that only an idiot could now think about an attack on the Soviet Union.
1956 G.- British troops left the Suez Canal zone. On July 26, Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal.
1957 G.- The Central Committee of the CPSU announced a public call for young people to work in the Donbass.
1963 G.- The Soviet manned spacecraft "Vostok-5" was launched.
1983- Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU, which was led by Secretary General Yuri Andropov, outlined a change in political course. The country began to tighten the regime. Andropov went for a radical revision of the official party doctrine. He abandoned Brezhnev's favorite term "developed socialism." Andropov made no secret of his intention to return to Stalin's "positive ideas". The Central Committee was preparing a resolution on the rehabilitation of the "leader of the peoples", it was supposed, in particular, to rename Volgograd to Stalingrad.
The plenum withdrew from the Central Committee of the CPSU the former Interior Minister Nikolai Shchelokov and the first secretary of the Krasnodar "regional committee" Sergei Medunov "for mistakes made in their work." Under Brezhnev, such formulations were unthinkable. Party apparatchiks were punished for bribery. Shchelokov was expelled from the party and deprived of all awards, except for military ones. In the fall of 1984, he shot himself. Medunov was simply demoted to Deputy Minister of Fruit and Vegetable Economy. Andropov carried out the largest “rotation” of party cadres since the 1930s: in a little over a year, 37 first secretaries of regional committees, regional committees and republics, as well as 18 union ministers, lost their posts. Less than six months after the plenum, Andropov died, and the reforms he had conceived were not implemented. "At the helm" of the country was the elderly Chernenko.
1993 G.- With the lifting of the ban on the sale of high technologies, Sun Microsystems Computer Company opened its office in Moscow.
1995 G.- The formation, headed by Shamil Basayev, took more than 1,600 hostages in a hospital in the city of Budyonnovsk.
Born on this day
1928- Ernesto Guevara Serna, the legendary Che Guevara, or "Comrade Che", as he was also called, was born. Symbol of the world left movement.
He is a participant in the Guatemalan revolution, in 1956 he landed in Cuba along with the Castro brothers. Since 1957 he commanded a partisan column. In December 1958, he stormed the Santa Clara, which was defended by a much stronger garrison. In April 1965, he refused all posts and titles and left Cuba, visited Vietnam, Congo, Bolivia. And in October 1967, in a battle with the Bolivian troops, "Comrade Che" was wounded, captured and killed.
Che Guevara wrote a number of interesting books on the theory and tactics of guerrilla warfare.
He was a hero for many of the second half of the 20th century. The youth, who grew up on his exploits, tried to be like him in everything. You can compare the members of the formations in the Caucasus with Che Guevara. Khattab with his hair and beret in the likeness of Che Guevara. Raduev, Basaev, Doku Umarov with a fidel cap and a beard like Fidel Castro.
On this page you will learn about significant and memorable datessummer day June 14which in thisJune dayfamous people were born, events took place, we will also talk about folk signs and Orthodox holidays of this day, public holidays of different countries from around the world.
Today, as on any day, as you will see, events took place over the centuries, each of them was remembered for something, and the day was no exception.June 14, which is also remembered for its own dates and birthdays of famous people, as well as holidays and folk signs. You and I must always remember and know about those who left their indelible mark on culture, science, sports, politics, medicine and all other areas of human and social development.
June fourteenth day, left its indelible mark on history, events and memorable dates, like who was born in thissummerday, once again confirm this. Find out what happened infourteenth summer day June 14, what events and significant dates he was noted for, what was remembered by mankind, who was born, what folk signs characterize him and much more that you should know about, it’s just interesting to know.
Who was born on June 14 (fourteenth)
Donald John Trump. Born June 14, 1946 in Queens, New York, USA. President of the United States since 2017. American businessman, well-known personality on television and radio, writer. He is the president of the Trump Organization, a major construction company in the United States, and the founder of Trump Entertainment Resorts, which operates numerous casinos and hotels around the world. Trump has become a celebrity thanks to his extravagant lifestyle and outspoken communication style, as well as his successful reality show The Apprentice, where he serves as both an executive producer and host.
Bowie Christian Nestel (1820 - 1904). American satirist and publisher.
Vladimir Borisovich Soshalsky (real name Feodosiev). Born June 14, 1929 in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) - died October 10, 2007 in Moscow. Soviet and Russian theater and film actor. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1988).
Victor Andreevich Bortsov. Born June 14, 1934 in Orenburg - died May 20, 2008 in Moscow. Soviet and Russian theater and film actor. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1989).
Pyotr Konstantinovich Leshchenko (rum. Petre Leșcenco). Born June 2 (14), 1898 in the village of Isaevo, Kherson province - died July 16, 1954 in the Romanian prison hospital Tirgu-Okna. Russian and Romanian pop singer, dancer, restaurateur.
Alexander Sergeevich Potapov. Born June 14, 1941 in Moscow - died November 8, 2014 in Moscow. Soviet and Russian theater and film actor. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1989).
Elena Vsevolodovna Safonova. She was born on June 14, 1956 in Leningrad. Soviet and Russian film actress, Honored Artist of Russia (2011).
Ernesto Che Guevara (Ernesto Che Guevara, full name - Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna, Spanish Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna; June 14, 1928, Rosario, Argentina - October 9, 1967, La Higuera, Bolivia) - Latin American revolutionary, commandant Cuban Revolution of 1959 and Cuban statesman.
Lucy Hale (6/14/1989 [Memphis]) - American actress and singer;
Galina Bagirova (06/14/1958 [Baku]) - psychic and clairvoyant, participant and finalist of the eighth season of the popular television show "Battle of Psychics";
Steffi Graf (06/14/1969 [Brühl]) - German tennis player;
Fedor Dunayevsky (06/14/1969 [Moscow]) - Soviet film actor;
Lilia Gildeeva (06/14/1976 [Zainsk]) - Russian journalist, TV presenter;
Anatoly Ilchenko (06/14/1976 [Norilsk]) - Russian actor;
Louis Garrel (06/14/1983 [Paris]) - French actor, screenwriter and director;
Robert Lambert (06/14/1974 [Houston]) - American actor;
Yasmin Blyth (06/14/1968 [New York]) - actress, known for her role as Carolina Holden in the TV series "Baywatch" ("Baywatch");
Eric Hayden (06/14/1958) - American speed skater who won gold medals in all distances at the 1980 Winter Olympics;
Jay Roach (06/14/1957 [Albuquerque]) - American producer, director;
Nikolai Drozdetsky (06/14/1957 [Kolpino, St. Petersburg] - 11/25/1995 [St. Petersburg]) - Soviet hockey player, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR;
Bebe Buell (06/14/1953 [Portsmouth]) - American model and singer; Valery Fefelov (06/14/1949) - a member of the dissident movement in the USSR;
Vladimir Krasnopolsky (06/14/1933 [Sverdlovsk]) - Soviet director ("Eternal Call"), screenwriter, actor, producer;
Lev Gorkov (06/14/1929 [Moscow] - 12/28/2016) - Soviet-American theoretical physicist;
Vladimir Soloukhin (06/14/1924 [village Alepino] - 04/04/1997 [Moscow]) - Russian Soviet writer and poet, a prominent representative of the "village prose";
Lash Larue (06/14/1921 [Gretna] - 05/21/1996) - American film actor, star of popular westerns in the 40s and 50s of the XX century;
Gene Barry (06/14/1919 - 12/09/2009) - American actor;
Dorothy McGuire (06/14/1916 [Nebraska] - 2001) - American actress;
Anna Andreeva (06/14/1915 [Penza] - 1997) - Soviet athlete;
Bukhuti Zakariadze (06/14/1913 [Sanga Chal] - 02/12/1988 [Tbilisi]) - Soviet actor;
Pavel Batitsky (06/14/1910) - Soviet military leader;
Rene Char (06/14/1907 - 02/19/1988) - French poet;
Alonzo Church (06/14/1903 [Washington] - 08/11/1995 [Hudson]) was an American mathematician and logician who contributed to the foundations of computer science;
Karl Esmond (06/14/1902 [Vienna] - 12/04/2004 [Brentwood]) - Austrian theater actor;
Mae Allison (06/14/1890 [Rising Fon] - 03/27/1989 [Brotheral]) - American theater and film actress;
Fedor Tokarev (06/14/1871 [village Yegorlykskaya] - 06/07/1968 [Moscow]) - designer of small arms;
Andrei Markov (06/14/1856 [Ryazan] - 07/20/1922 [St. Petersburg]) - an outstanding Russian mathematician;
Aritomo Yamagata (06/14/1838 - 02/01/1922) - Japanese military and statesman;
Charles de Coulomb (06/14/1736 [Angoulême] - 08/28/1806 [Paris]) - French engineer and physicist, one of the founders of electrostatics;
Claude-Alexander Bonneval (06/14/1675 - 03/22/1747 [Istanbul]) - the famous adventurer of the XVIII century, known as Ahmet Pasha;
Iommaso Albinioni (June 14, 1671 - 1750) was an Italian composer.
Dates June 14
In the US, it's Flag Day.
in Malawi it's Freedom Day
in the Falkland Islands - Liberation Day
in Paraguay it's Peace Day
According to the folk calendar, this is Ustin - Lingonberry lips.
On this day:
in 1658, the famous battle in the dunes of Dunkirk took place
in 1736, Charles Coulomb was born, who discovered that charges of the same name repel
in 1775, the Americans created their own army, namely, regular ground units
Napoleon defeated the Austrians at Marengo in 1800
Harriet Beecher Stowe was born in 1811 and built and demolished a cabin for Uncle Tom.
Isaac Fisher patented sandpaper in 1834
in 1847, a Bunsen burner appeared, familiar from childhood from the novels of Jules Verne and chemistry lessons
in 1856, Alois Alzheimer was born, deserving that a very terrible disease was named after him
in 1886, Alexander Ostrovsky died, shedding a thunderstorm on a ray of light in a dark kingdom
Jerome K. died in 1927. Jerome described a boat trip on the Thames as if it had lasted 80,000 kilometers
Ernesto Che Guevara, the greatest revolutionary of the 20th century, was born in 1928
in 1940, German troops took Paris
Alexander Sakurov was born in 1951, a film director not for everyone
Elena Safonova was born in 1956, the sweet winter cherry of Russian cinema
in 1961 a simple guy George was born, the founder of the Cultural Club
Steffi Graf, German tennis player, world No. 1, born in 1969
in 1995, Roger Zelazny died, who originally intertwined religious giving into his fantastic works
In 2005, cats and dogs were officially allowed to visit restaurants in Italy.
June 14 events
international blogger day
This holiday is still unofficial and still quite young. For the first time, bloggers decided in 2004 to unite and communicate with each other and with anyone who wants to on free topics. The proposal was supported by five hundred initiative people from forty countries of the world.
They liked the communication so much that they decided to establish their own holiday - Blogger's Day, as a symbol of unity and friendly relations between Internet bloggers from different countries. This is a day of cheerful mood, easy communication, the birth of new ideas and the establishment of partnerships.
Every year this date is celebrated with a specific theme. For example, in 2007 the issue of solidarity of bloggers from all countries was raised. Unfortunately, it often happens that some owners of Internet diaries, who freely express their point of view on certain issues, are subjected to pressure and censorship by the official authorities.
Therefore, bloggers decided to show each other support in this way, as well as their readiness to defend their own point of view, their ideals and freedom of speech.
The patent was received by the American Isaac Fisher. It was he who officially became the author of the invention, applying abrasive particles with the help of an adhesive mass on a paper web.
It cannot be said that he managed to think of this first, because. even in ancient China, they used a kind of sandpaper, gluing sand or small particles of shells to a sheet of parchment.
But it was Fisher's "sandpaper" that was closest to its modern look, and has not changed much since then.
Himmler's order to establish a concentration camp at Auschwitz was signed on April 27, 1940. The city was not chosen by chance: it was located in an isolated place, at the same time there was a large railway junction nearby, which was very convenient for transporting future prisoners. Initially, the camp was intended for the Poles.
On June 14, the first batch of Polish political prisoners arrived here, consisting of 728 people. It is this date that is considered the first working day of the infamous concentration camp. Later, the concentration complex grew, and included the three main Auschwitz camps, in which more than 4 million people were killed during the war years.
Signs June 14 - the day of Ustin and Khariton
They say that Khariton pulls flax, and Ustin pulls up hemp - they went to check how much they had grown. This day has its signs.
The people called June 14 Ustin-Cowberry Lips. It was customary to carefully watch the sunrise. If the sky is clear at the same time, then the rye will be born ripe and thick.
In the Orthodox Church on June 14, the feast day of St. Justin the Philosopher, also known as Justin of Rome, Justin the Great and early Christian martyr, was celebrated. It was he who initiated the theological interpretation of religious history.
He died in Rome, preaching the Holy Scriptures. Justin was a zealous defender of Christians and the Christian faith. It was he who wrote the "Apology" of Christianity. He preached the Gospel among the pagans and managed to lead many to God. During organized persecution, he was caught, tortured and killed.
It was believed that on June 14 it was impossible to work in the garden, otherwise a fire would happen soon. Therefore, they said: “Don’t build a fence against Ustin.” The girls also had their own rituals on June 14.
For example, if a girl needed to get rid of the attention of a too intrusive gentleman, then it was necessary to pluck a willow branch and stick it between her footprints and the footprints of an unwanted admirer.
But if you want family happiness, then you had to spend the whole day on June 14 with your loved one.
If a person was born on June 14, then they said that he was patronized by a fig tree. Such people are often incredibly strong individuals who are independent in their judgments, well educated and have a lot of talents. At the first meeting, these people do not make a special impression and do not stand out from the crowd.
However, later their qualities are fully revealed. Demanding for comfort, warmth and order. Those born on June 14 differ in generosity. They like everything in life to happen according to a plan invented only by them, because of which they very often experience disappointment and apathy.
People born on June 14 cannot live alone, they need care and communication. They are touchy, but they themselves do not suffer from this at all and do not consider this a disadvantage. They are very warm towards people and animals.
Folk omens June 14
The dawn is painted bright red - rye will also be with red filling. Cloudy morning on June 14 - expect a good harvest of spring crops
The wind is blowing from the west side - expect worse weather in the near future
It is raining on Ustina - a sign that there will be a good harvest of hemp and flax.
We hope you enjoyed reading the material on this page and were satisfied with what you read. Agree that it is very useful to know the history of events and dates, as well as those of famous people who were born today, on the fourteenth day of summer on June 14 what trace this person left with his actions and deeds in the history of mankind, our world with you.
We are also sure that the folk signs of this day helped you understand some of the subtleties and nuances. By the way, with the help of them, you can check in practice the authenticity and veracity of folk signs.
Good luck to all of you in life, love and deeds, read more necessary, important, useful, interesting and informative - reading expands your horizons and develops imagination, learn about everything, develop diversified!
What is interesting and significant in world history on June 14, science, sports, culture, politics?
June 14, what events in the world history of science and culture are famous and interesting for this day?
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What national, international and professional holidays are celebrated annually on June 15? What religious holidays are celebrated on June 14? What is celebrated on this day according to the Orthodox calendar?
What national day is June 14 according to the calendar?
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What significant historical events on June 14 and memorable dates in world history are celebrated on this summer day? Memorial Day of which famous and great people on June 14?
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June 14, the Day of Remembrance of which famous, great and famous people of the world, historical figures, actors, artists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes is celebrated on this day?
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Chen Yizhong took over the overall administration of the country, and Zhang Shijie, Wen Tianxiang and Lu Xiufu took over the most important posts.
All four aspired to sole power, and there was no higher power capable of directing and restraining their aspirations. Soon, Lu Xiufu, who did not get along with Chen Yizhong, was expelled from the government. Tired of civil strife at the top, other dignitaries began to run in crowds to the Mongols. The lack of unity in the government undermined the confidence in the Sung authorities on the part of the common population.
The subjugation of the southwestern regions of the Song Empire was entrusted to the Uighur Arig-Khaya. Having under command of 30 thousand people, in July 1276 he moved south and, having captured Changsha along the road, by April 1277 entered the northern regions of Guangxi. To the east, the Mongol forces under Sodu continued to pursue the remnants of the Sung imperial family, and by the end of 1276 had reached Fuzhou. When the Mongol army was already only a few days away, the top Sung dignitaries left Fuzhou and traveled by sea to Quanzhou.
In Quanzhou, Pu Shougeng was in charge of all affairs, who served as Superintendent of Maritime Trade in Quanzhou. Both Khubilai and the Sung loyalists sought to enlist his support, since Pu had ships that would be very useful in a naval war. Doubting Pu's allegiance, Zhang Shijie and other Sung advisers were suspicious of him, and fled Quanzhou in early 1277. In April, Pu officially went over to the side of Kublai, who appointed him military commander of the provinces of Fujian and Guangdong.
1325 - 21-year-old Ibn Battuta left his native Tangier and went on a pilgrimage that lasted 24 years and led him to China
Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad at-Tanji, better known as Ibn Battuta - an Arab traveler and itinerant merchant who traveled all over the Islamic world - from Bulgar to Mombasa, from Timbuktu to China. During a nine-month stay in the Maldives, he married the daughter of a local sultan. Author of the book "A gift to those who contemplate about the curiosities of cities and the wonders of wanderings."
On June 14, 1325, Ibn Battuta left Tangier to make a hajj to Mecca, the center of Muslim religious worship, where the Kaaba temple with a black stone is located. Adventures in the passage of the greatest desert of the Sahara led him to the idea of continuing travel.
He traveled to Mecca by land, moving along the coast of North Africa. His path ran through Tunisia, where he stayed for two months. For greater security, Ibn Battuta tried to join caravans, which reduced the risk of being attacked by local Bedouin tribes. In the city of Sfax, he found himself a bride, the first, but by no means the last in his travels.
In the early spring of 1326, after a journey of more than 3500 km, Ibn Battuta reached Alexandria. For several weeks he explored the sights of this area, after which he moved inland, towards Cairo, the capital of the Mamluk Sultanate, a large city already in those days. After spending about a month in Cairo, he moved towards Mecca along the least used route of the three available. Ibn Battuta crossed Egypt and intended to sail to Jeddah, but the civil strife of the local tribes forced him to return to Cairo. Then he visited Jerusalem, Damascus, Mecca, Basra, Baghdad, where he received an audience with Ilkhan Abu Said, and Tabriz. After that, he returned to Mecca and became a lawyer. But his travels didn't stop there.
1463 - After the fall of Bosnia, Venice proclaimed: "In front of the eyes of the world, one outstanding kingdom burned down"
At the end of the 14th century, the Kingdom of Bosnia was the most powerful state on the Balkan Peninsula, but after the death of King Tvrtko I, an internecine war began between his heirs Tvrtko II and Stefan Ostoja, with varying success, in which the rulers of neighboring states intervened.
In 1414, during the war with Hungary, Ottoman troops invaded Bosnia, and a number of local feudal lords began to seek Turkish help in internal strife - in particular, this was done by Hrvoe Vukcic Hratinich and Sandal Hranich Kosacha.
After the death of Tvrtko II in 1443, the illegitimate son of Stefan Ostoja Stefan Tomas ascended the throne. In 1444, the voivode of Zachumya, Stefan Vuksic Kosacha, signed an agreement with Alfonso V, King of Aragon and Naples, and became his vassal, in exchange for help in the fight against Stephen's opponents: the Bosnian king Stefan Tomas, Count Ivanis Pavlovich and also Venice. The same agreement contained an agreement that Stephen would begin to pay tribute to Alfonso, instead of the Ottoman Empire. A couple of years later, the differences between the king and the voivode were partially resolved: Stefan Tomas married the daughter of Stefan Vuksic Kosach Katarina. Voivode Stefan Vuksic Kosacs remained a significant figure in the country, and in 1448 he renounced the title of "Vojvoda of Bosnia", taking the title of "Duke of Zachumje and Primorje", and a year later changed the title again to "Duke of St. Sava". This title was important because this saint was revered by everyone in the region. Subsequently, the region under the rule of Stefan Vuksic Kosach began to be called "Herzegovina".
1532 - The papal bull Cum ad nihil magis was published establishing the Inquisition in Portugal.
When the expulsion of the Jews from Spain began in 1492, tens of thousands of them fled to Portugal. King João II opened the Portuguese border to the Spanish Jews. Everyone who paid 8 gold cruzados received the right to an eight-month stay in Portugal.
The Jews, on the other hand, sought to settle permanently in a country where there was neither the Inquisition nor persecution for the faith by the monarch. Six hundred wealthy families who fled from Spain managed to obtain permission from the crown for sixty thousand cruzados to remain permanently in Portugal.
The mass immigration of foreigners into the country, whose population then did not exceed 1 million people, caused anti-Jewish sentiments in the most diverse circles of Portugal. Some demanded their expulsion, others demanded the establishment of the Inquisition in the image and likeness of the Spanish. When the period of grace for the Spanish Jews in Portugal expired, many of those who did not leave were sold into slavery, and their young children were sent to the African island of Santo Tome, where most of them died from overwork and hardship.
In 1496, the new Portuguese king, Manuel I, banned the practice of the Jewish religion, ordered the closing of synagogues, the burning of Jewish prayer books, and the Jews to convert to the Catholic faith or immediately leave Portugal. Jews who converted to Catholicism, many forcibly, began to be called "new Christians."
1583 Shibata Katsuie and his wife committed ritual suicide.
Shibata Katsuie is a samurai commander of medieval Japan during the Sengoku period. His full name is Shibata Shurinosuke Gonroku Katsuie. He was a retainer and one of Oda Nobunaga's most important generals. Nicknames "Shibata-devil" and "Shibata-stormtrooper" received for luck and courage on the battlefield.
Shibata Katsuie was born in 1522 in Aichi County, Owari Province. At first he served the military heads of the province, who came from the Shiba clan, and later became a vassal of Oda Nobuhide. After the death of the suzerain, Katsuie went into the service of his son Oda Nobuyuki and supported him in the fight against his older brother, Oda Nobunaga. In 1556, Nobunaga defeated Nobuyuki's troops, and Katsuie went over to the side of the winner. Since that time, he has taken part in almost all of Nobunaga's military campaigns.
In June 1570, Katsuie in Omi Province defended Chokoji Castle, which was besieged by a large army of Rokkaku Jotei. The enemy blocked the water supply of the castle, hoping to starve out its defenders. Katsuie smashed the remaining jugs of drinking water, led the castle garrison outside the walls, and defeated the besiegers. For this feat, the soldiers gave him the nickname "Pitcher Breaker".
In October 1575, Nobunaga appointed Katsuie head of the newly conquered Echizen province. He had a residence at Kitanosho Castle and was responsible for conquering the Hokuriku region. Parts of other generals Oda, Maeda Toshiie and Sassa Narimasa were sent to help Katsuie. Despite being defeated by Uesugi Kenshin at the Battle of Tedorigawa in 1577, Katsuie expanded his holdings by conquering the neighboring provinces of Kaga, Noto, and Etchu.
1634 - In the village of Semlevo on the Polyanovka River, Russia and Poland made peace, which put an end to the Russian-Polish war of 1632-34
During the negotiations, a letter came from Moscow to the ambassadors, so that they demanded from the Polish commissars the outfit taken from Shein near Smolensk, they would demand this as a sign of the sovereign’s love: “We would stand for this and speak slowly, because the Poles can no longer break off negotiations: the sovereign knows for sure that the Sultan of Turia attacked Poland, in Poland and Lithuania from the Turan great insurance and the king went back to his place in Lithuania; if the sovereign had known about this in time, he would have made them, the ambassadors, with such a concession in so many cities The chief ambassadors, the boyar and the devious, should speak angrily, and the rest should be appeased and covered with smoothness and conversation, so that the contract would not be broken and not be inglorious.
Fulfilling the order, the Moscow ambassadors began to speak to the commissars about the return of the cannons, they also spoke about the twelve cannons that the king gave to Shein, but he did not take treason to his sovereign. The commissars replied that they would inform the king about this, and the Lithuanian hetman Radziwill added: “You told us about the twelve guns that Shein did not take, as if by betrayal of his sovereign: so you shouldn’t say such a word and don’t write in a letter, because you took all our sovereign’s outfit is by his military strength, and not by someone’s treason, but he gave me the twelve cannons that were given to Shein out of love, and not out of captivity, and those cannons are with me, not with the king, and give them back unsuitable, because Shein gave me them."
1658 Battle of the Dunes
The Spanish army was a force of 6,000 infantry and 8,000 cavalry; don Juan commanded the right wing, which rested on the sea; the great Conde - to the left. The French army had 6,000 horsemen and 9,000 infantry and was built in two lines with a reserve; the Marquis de Créquy commanded the right wing, Castelnau the left, the Marquis Gadan and Bellefon the center.
During the battle itself, the tide came out, and Castelnau had the opportunity, moving with his cavalry along the coast, to go around the right wing of the Spaniards, then drive to the right and rush into the gap between both lines, leading them to complete disorder.
Meanwhile, on the opposite flank, Conde, fighting with his usual courage, overturned Kreki's troops with a dashing cavalry attack and, in all likelihood, would have been able to carry out his intention to supply Dunkirchen with reinforcements if Marshal Turenne had not rushed to help Kreki with part cavalry. A desperate battle ensued, in which a horse was killed near Conde, and he himself was almost taken prisoner; at last Turenne had the upper hand, and the Spanish army had to retreat.
In this battle, special attention is drawn to the successful use of the time of low tide, which allowed the French to bypass the right flank of the Spaniards, a circumstance completely unforeseen by don Juan, and against which he took no measures.
1673 Second Battle of Schoonevelt
The battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War off the coast of the Netherlands between the allied Anglo-French fleet under the command of Prince Rupert and the fleet of the United Provinces under the command of Michael de Ruyter.
The Allies cruised slowly from the Dutch coast to the north for a week. At the same time, senior officers blamed each other for the defeat in the previous battle. The Allies had no intention of re-entering the waters of the Schoonevelt. The captain of the English frigate Royal Katherine, George Legge, wrote to the Lord Admiral the Duke of York: "This passage is too small, and the shallows are too dangerous for us to risk again."
The Allies hoped to lure the Dutch fleet out to sea. When this initially failed, they became disheartened, but were surprised when the Dutch actually took to the open sea. In 1673, Ruyter, having received reinforcements from four ships and replenished the crews, took advantage of the favorable north-west wind to attack the Allied line. In this battle, the allies were in complete disarray. One of the reasons for this was the fact that Sprague, the commander of the allied vanguard, visited Prince Rupert at the very moment the Dutch attack began. Sprague immediately sailed towards his squadron, but Rupert, fearing that Sprague would not have time to take command of his ships, decided to bring his rear guard forward and make it the vanguard. To do this, he tried to overtake the French ships in the center. But the French, not understanding Rupert's maneuver, did everything possible to stay in line, that is, ahead of Rupert.
1777 - The Second Continental Congress approved the US national flag.
The first flag of the United States is considered to be the Continental Flag, raised in 1775 by Lieutenant John Paul Jones on the ship "Alfred" in the harbor of Philadelphia.
The flag for Alfred was made by Margaret Manny. Its cloth consisted of 13 red and white equal horizontal stripes with the British flag in the roof.
Although there is no documentary evidence to confirm the authorship of the design of the first star-striped flag, historians, however, believe that Francis Hopkinson, whose signature among others is on the Declaration of Independence, made changes to the design of the already existing unofficial Continental flag and it became what we have it now we know. According to legend, the first American flag was sewn by a seamstress from Philadelphia - Betsy Ross.
Several modifications of the flag with 13 stripes were used from 1776 to 1777 until Congress approved the official flag of 1777 - this day is now celebrated as Flag Day. The resolution read: "The flag of the thirteen United States consists of 13 alternating stripes of red and white and 13 white stars on a blue field, representing the new constellation." And Washington explained the design in his own way: “We took the stars from heaven, red is the color of our homeland, the white stripes that separate it mean that we separated from it; these white stripes will go down in history as a symbol of freedom.”
1800 - The Battle of Marengo took place
The final battle of the Second Italian campaign of Bonaparte, held between Austria and France, as a result of which the Austrian army in Italy was forced to capitulate and leave Italy.
Lützow informed the Saxon general Gersdorff of his intention to take the shortest route to the right side of the Elbe, and that he expected permission from him to pass. General Gersdorf was in Dresden. He agreed to comply with Lyutsov's request and let his detachment through, but promised to inform Napoleon of this fact of violating the armistice agreement.
1846 - California rebelled against Mexico. Republic of California proclaimed
The Republic of California is a state in North America, proclaimed by settlers from the United States in 1846, also called the Republic of the Bear Flag. Lasted less than a month.
On May 13, 1846, war broke out between the United States and Mexico. Unaware of this, American colonists living in California rebelled against Mexico in 1846 at the initiative of Captain John Fremont. The rebels imprisoned the Mexican commandant of Northern California and proclaimed an independent California Republic with Sonoma as its capital. William Ead became President of the Republic. His reign lasted 25 days. Captain Frémont took command of the 60-strong armed forces of the new Republic.
On July 7, an American fleet landed in California, announcing war between the United States and Mexico. After 2 days, the rebels decided to liquidate the republic and include the California battalion formed in it under the command of Captain Fremont in the war with Mexico on the side of the United States.
The flag of the republic served as a model for the state flag of California, and its original was burned in the fires caused by the San Francisco earthquake in 1906.
1866 - Otto Bismarck declared the German Confederation "null and void"
The Austro-Prussian-Italian War of 1866, in the history of Germany is also known as the German War and the Seven Weeks War, in Italy it is known as the Third War of Italian Independence - a military conflict between Prussia and Italy with the Austrian Empire for hegemony in Germany and control over the Venetian region, which predetermined the little-German way of unifying Germany and completing the wars for the independence of Italy and its unification around the Kingdom of Sardinia.
The war involved two coalitions, led by both great German powers - Austria and Prussia, respectively. On the side of Austria were Bavaria, Saxony, the Grand Duchy of Baden, Württemberg and Hanover, on the side of Prussia - Italy. In addition, each of the opponents was able to win over several insignificant German states to their side. A total of 29 states directly participated in this war, of which 13 were on the side of Austria and 16 on the side of Prussia.
The war lasted for seven weeks. Austria was forced to fight on two fronts. Its technological backwardness and political isolation since 1856 led to its defeat. According to the Prague Peace Treaty, concluded, Austria transferred Holstein to Prussia and left the German Union. Italy got the Venetian region. The political result of the war of 1866 was the final refusal of Austria to unite the German states under its own rule and the transfer of hegemony in Germany to Prussia, which led the North German Confederation - a new confederal state formation.
1868 - Russian detachment of about 2 thousand people on the Zirabulak heights inflicted a decisive defeat on the 35 thousand Bukhara army
The situation in the Bukhara Khanate was very tense. Already in the first half of 1868 in Bukhara and Samarkand, as in their time in Tashkent, two groupings were defined among the ruling circles of the khanate. The Bukhara clergy and the feudal elite demanded decisive action against Russia from the emir. They staked on the eldest son of Emir Abdulmalik, nicknamed Katta-tora, accusing Muzaffar of weakness and lethargy. Relying on numerous students of Muslim religious schools, the clergy issued a fatwa on the "holy war" - ghazavat against the Russian Empire.
The opposite position was occupied by the Bukhara merchants, trade and craftsmen of Bukhara and Samarkand. Interested in the development of economic ties, they sought to quickly resolve the conflict.
In the struggle of these factions, the victory was on the side of the more powerful clergy and the feudal aristocracy. In April 1868, the Bukhara troops led by the emir reached the river. Zeravshan, leaving Samarkand in the rear. From the east, the tsarist detachments under the command of Kaufman approached there. The emir demanded the return of Jizzakh and other cities occupied by the tsarist troops, and the Turkestan governor-general insisted that the Bukhara Khanate accept an agreement on the renunciation of territorial claims and the payment of a significant indemnity.
The Tsar and the War Office approved the offensive plan of action proposed by Kaufman.
On May 1, 1868, referring to the fact that the emir did not withdraw his troops from Zeravshan deep into the territory of Bukhara, the Turkestan governor-general gave the order to force the river. On the same day, the Bukhara army retreated. Russian troops captured Samarkand without resistance, from where Kaufman sent a report to Alexander II about the capture of the city.
1873 - Heinrich Schliemann recovered the first gold object from an excavation in Turkey
A German businessman and amateur archaeologist who got rich in Russia carried out the excavations of the Hisarlyk hill near the Dardanelles, which began in the autumn of 1871. Actually, it was not Schliemann who was digging, but a Turkish worker, and the archaeologist noticed how something flashed under the shovel, immediately released the workers and continued the excavations personally.
In the evening, about 9,000 unique gold and silver items lay in his tent. Unconditionally believing in the Iliad, thanks to which he "came out" to Hissarlik, Schliemann had no doubt that he had found Troy and the treasures of Priam. The news of the excavations produced the effect of an exploding bomb in archeology. But serious science did not want to hear about Troy found by "an ignorant dilettante."
As Schliemann wrote to his son Sergei, the season of 1873 began despite the severe illness of the archaeologist. The winter was severe, in the house where he spent the night, the temperature did not exceed 5 °C. Sophia arrived at the excavations only by mid-April and left for Athens - her father Georgios Engastromenos died. Schliemann did not stop the search - during April he convinced himself that the tower he discovered and the remains of the ancient road were the Skean gates and the palace of Priam, described in the Iliad. In an essay published in the Augsburg newspaper Allgemeine Zeitung, he categorically stated that he had completed his task and proved the historical existence of Homeric Troy.
1900 US annexed the Hawaiian Islands
The Newlands Resolution is a joint resolution by the Houses of the United States Congress to annex the Hawaiian Islands. Named for Congressman Francis Newlands.
In 1898, US President William McKinley signed a treaty to annex the Hawaiian Islands, but was unable to get it through the Senate because of a petition signed by 38,000 Hawaiians who objected to the annexation. McKinley got his way on the second try, bringing about the annexation through a joint ordinance called the Newlands Resolution.
On July 4, 1898, the resolution was approved by the Senate by a vote of 42 to 31 and by the House of Representatives by a vote of 209 to 91. In 1898, it was signed by the president. In August, a ceremony was held outside Iolani Palace to hand over control of Hawaii to the United States.
In accordance with the resolution, a five-member commission was created to determine the future laws of Hawaii. The commission included:
- Hawaii Territory Governor Sanford B. Dole
- Senator Shelby Cullom
- Senator John T. Morgan
- Rep. Robert R. Hitt
- former Attorney General of the Republic of Hawaii and future Governor Walter F. Freer
The final version of the commission's conclusion was sent to Congress and discussed for more than a year. Congress expressed concern that the establishment of an elected government in Hawaii would bring a colored majority of the islands to power.
1905 - The first mass revolutionary uprising in the armed forces of Russia began on the battleship Potemkin
On June 14, 1905, at the height of the First Russian Revolution, an uprising of sailors broke out on the battleship Prince Potemkin Tauride. At that time he was standing not far from Odessa, where a general strike of workers was taking place.
The reason for the rebellion was an attempt by the authorities to feed the sailors with rotten wormy meat. The rebels, led by Grigory Vakulenchuk and Afanasy Matyushenko, rushed at the officers and began to throw them overboard. Vakulenchuk died in the shootout. His comrades brought the ship to the Odessa port and arranged a solemn farewell to the deceased comrade. For several days, a red flag fluttered on the battleship. His team wanted to raise an uprising throughout the Black Sea Fleet, but this did not work out.
To suppress the rebellion, Emperor Nicholas II sent a squadron of other Black Sea warships against the Potemkin, but they refused to shoot at the Potemkin.
Not having enough coal and food, the ship went to the coast of Romania and surrendered to the local authorities in Constanta. Soon Romania returned the ship to Russia, and the sailors remained abroad. Some of them, including Matyushenko, tried to return to their homeland, where they were arrested and executed. At the end of September 1905, the tsarist government renamed the rebellious battleship "Panteleimon".
After the February Revolution of 1917, the ship was returned to its former name, but was soon given the name "Freedom Fighter". In May 1918, the former "Potemkin" was captured by the German Kaiser troops. Later, it passed into the hands of the White Guards-Denikin, and on the eve of the breakthrough into the Crimea of the Red Army, it was blown up by the Anglo-French invaders leaving Sevastopol.
1919 - The world's first non-stop flight across the Atlantic started.
English aviators John William Elcock and Lieutenant Arthur Brown decided to take such a bold step - to overcome the Atlantic Ocean by plane. June 14 at 16.13 they took off from Newfoundland.
According to the stories of the pilots, the flight was terrifying. I had to fly in pitch darkness through the rain and snow, the pilots kept getting lost in the clouds, somersaulting upside down, trying to navigate by the stars, almost crashed into the water and hills.
In the end, the biplane with the brave pilots crashed into the Irish swamp at 8.40 1919.
Thus, the crew of the aircraft covered 3040 kilometers in 16 hours and 28 minutes.
1939 - The contradiction between genetics and Marxist dialectics was first announced in the press
The roots of this decision date back to the events of the first half of the 1930s.
The peasant son, Trofim Denisovich Lysenko, the future ardent opponent of genetics, put a lot of effort into “getting out into the people”, that is, avoiding hard and unprofitable peasant labor. Before the World War, he already studied at the Poltava horticultural school, and in the early 1920s at the Bila Tserkva breeding station of the Sugar Trust of Ukraine. Two brief publications in 1923, on tomato breeding and sugar beet grafting, show his eagerness to master the techniques of scientific work, but also the germs of his future fantastic theories.
In the second half of the 1920s, Lysenko worked at the Central Experimental Breeding Station in Ganja. He was entrusted with work on the problem of fodder for livestock in winter, and the essay "Fields in Winter" by the famous journalist V. Fedorovich for the first time presents the "barefoot professor" to the general public.
In Ganja, Lysenko made the first major work on the effect of temperature on the development of plants. These materials provided the basis for one of about 300 highly specialized reports at the Congress on Genetics, Breeding, Seed Production and Animal Breeding, held under the leadership of Nikolai Vavilov in January 1929 in Leningrad. Leningradskaya Pravda, which covered the plenary sessions in a sensational spirit, once published an article entitled "You Can Turn Winter Grass into Spring Grass." It was about the work of a prominent plant physiologist N. Maksimov. Lysenko, who spoke at the sectional meeting, was not particularly noticed by anyone there, except for Maksimov, who criticized the low level of his work. Five years later, after his arrest and exile, Maximov will carefully choose his expressions when speaking about the new favorite of the nomenklatura. May 28
But the owners of the hotel did not allow taking pictures of the hotel and the guys seized the moment when no one was there, went inside and took a photo for the cover. After driving away from the hotel, they suddenly found a small diner Hard Rock Café at 300 East 5th Street a couple of blocks. Considering that the band recorded this album in a hard rock style, this name suited them even better.
The musicians went into a cafe, drank a bottle of beer, photographer Henry Diltz took some pictures. A photo of "Hard Rock Cafe" was placed on the back of the album cover. We decided to use both names: but the first side of the disc was called "Hard Rock Cafe", the second "Morrison Hotel". The album Morrison Hotel was released in 1970 and was a great success.
The band's photographer, Henry Diltz, goes on to say: "About a year after the album was released, some guy from England called us and said, 'Hi. Do you mind if we use the cafe name from the back cover of your album? We have thought of opening a cafe here in London and we would like to give it this name.” The guys said: “We don’t mind, go ahead,” and that’s how it all began. Now every time I walk into the Hard Rock Cafe, whatever city I'm in, I always feel like I should get a free hamburger."
1973 - Project 675 nuclear submarine K-56 collided with the research vessel "Akademik Berg"
On June 13, 1973, the Project 675 nuclear-powered missile submarine K-56 performed test firing at one of the ranges in the Sea of Japan. Captain First Rank Lenislav SUCHKOV, Deputy Commander of the Division of Nuclear Missile Submarines, was the senior commander at sea. K-56 was returning home along the coastal fairway, accompanied by the Vladivostok missile cruiser.
At about one o'clock in the morning, in the surface position, the boat went around Cape Povorotny in Peter the Great Bay. It was from the cruiser that, two hours before the collision, a surface target was spotted, which was moving towards the submarine at a speed of 9 knots. The distance between them was about 40 miles. This situation did not raise any concerns. On the K-56, the radar was not turned on, relying on the vigilance of the upper watch. The radar worked all day while firing at full load. A technical break was required, and the station was taken to the so-called "hot reserve". Only when five minutes remained before the collision did the navigation station turn on. Marks of four targets appeared on the screen at once, but there was no time to determine who, where and how they were moving.
However, the freedom of movement of people remained restricted. Although citizens of the EEC states did not require visas for mutual travel, the preservation of passport control meant the need to obtain passports and the loss of time when crossing borders.
The agreement on the gradual waiver of border control was signed in 1985 by representatives of Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, France and the FRG on the Princess Marie-Astrid ship in the middle of the Moselle, at the convergence of the borders of Luxembourg, France and the FRG and was named after the village closest to this place Schengen. The point of convergence of the borders of these three countries was chosen due to the fact that similar legislation on the abolition of passport control had already been applied by the Benelux countries by that time.
1995 - The attack of a detachment of militants under the command of Shamil Basayev on Budyonnovsk
The terrorist act in Budyonnovsk is an attack by terrorists led by Shamil Basayev on the Russian city of Budyonnovsk, followed by the seizure of a hospital and hostages on June 14-19, 1995.
In December 1994, federal forces launched an operation to disarm illegal armed groups stationed in Chechnya.
In 1995, Shamil Basayev and other leaders of illegal armed groups, wanting to disrupt the process of disarmament of illegal armed formations, in order to attack citizens and organizations, acquired firearms, explosives and explosive devices, creating a gang led by Basayev.
Having created a gang, Basayev and his accomplices developed a plan of joint action to attack citizens and organizations. To this end, Basayev identified a number of Russian cities as objects of attacks, distributed roles among the gang members and took over its leadership. The ultimate goal of what was conceived was the desire to achieve the separation of the Chechen Republic from the Russian Federation by taking a large number of hostages and committing acts of terrorism on the territory of one of the cities of Russia in order to use this as a means of influencing the authorities of the Russian Federation.
On the night of 1995, more than 160 people in three KamAZ vehicles and a VAZ-2106 vehicle converted into a police car, on the instructions and under the leadership of Basayev, left for the Stavropol Territory to attack organizations and residents of one of the cities of Russia. Video footage from the hospital.
