Present Continuous - the present continuous tense of the English language, denotes
action taking place at the moment; action, which is a continuous process taking place at the moment of speech; future planned action. When we talk about such an event, we usually use the words now(now), at the moment(Currently), currently, currently(currently), etc. The action is incomplete.

affirmative form

affirmative form present tense is formed from the auxiliary verb " to be" in the corresponding person of the present tense ( am, is, are) and a semantic verb in the ing form ( V-ing) that follow the subject.

I am watching TV now
I am watching TV now

I am(= I "m) eat ing. -
I eat.

She is reading at the moment
She is currently reading

Is not reading a book. -
He is reading a book (now).

We are working now
We are working now.

We/you/they are(=we"re/you"re/they"re) sing ing. -
We/you(you)/they sing.

The water is boiling. Can you turn it off? -
The water is boiling at the moment. Turn it off.

Currently I am working on a very exciting project. -
Currently I am working on a very interesting project.

We can't come right now because we are watching TV. -
We can't come right now because we watch TV.

Interrogative form

To ask a question in the present continuous tense, you need to put the verb "to be" before subject, semantic verb in the form " -ing"should behind the subject.

Am I reading now? -
I'm reading now?

Is he reading a new book? -
Is he reading a new book?

Are we waiting for a bus? -
Are we waiting for the bus?

Are we playing basketball? -
Are we playing basketball now?

Are children enjoying the party? -
Children enjoy the holiday?

Is she speaking to her mother? -
Is she talking to her mother?

Is Mary sleeping?
Yes, she is. (She's sleeppin.)
No, she is not. (No, she is not sleeping)
No, she's not. (She's not sleeping)
No, she isn't (She isn't sleeping)

Special questions in Present Continuous

Where is Mary sleeping?
On the sofa (She's sleeping on the sofa)

Why are you watching TV?
Because I like this program. (I'm watching TV because I like this program)

Negative form

The negative form is formed by stating the negation " not" after the auxiliary verb.

They are not playing football now.
They don't play football now.

They are very busy.
They are very busy.

Compare with present indefinite:

They don "t play football at all. - They don't play football at all.

Interrogative-negative form

In the interrogative-negative form, the particle not is placed directly after the subject or before the subject, forming an abbreviated form of the auxiliary verb and particle:

Am I not working?
Is he not working? (Isn't he working?)
Are we not working? (Aren't we working?)

+ She is standing.
- She is not standing.
? Is she standing?
Yes, she is. No, she is not. (No, she isn't.)

affirmative form		Interrogative form			negative form
... + am/is/are + IV		Am/Is/Are ... + IV ?			... am/is/are not + IV
I am (=I "m) playing. I play. (now)		Am I playing? Am I playing?			I am not (=I "m not) playing. I do not play.
He She It	is playing =(..."s playing)	Is	he she it	play ing?	He She It	is not playing =(isn't playing)
We You They	are playing =(..."re playing)	Are	we you they	play ing?	We You They	are not playing =(aren't playing)

Present Continuous to express actions taking place at the moment of speech

- What are you writing? - I am writing a letter to a friend of mine.
- What are you (now) writing? I am writing (now) a letter to my friend.

They are not working. They are on their holidays. - They don't work (now). They are on vacation.

If at the moment the fact of action is more important for the speaker than the process, then Present Indefinite is used, not Present Continuous:

Why don't you answer? - Why don't you answer?

Stop talking! Why don't you listen? - Stop talking! Why don't you listen?

If two simultaneous processes occur at the moment of speech, then all three options for transferring these actions are possible: both in Indefinite, one in Indefinite - the other in Continuous, both in Continuous:

Do you hear what he says? = Do you hear what he's saying? = Are you listening to what he's saying?
Do you hear (listen) what he says

Temporal markers Present Continuous

English verbs in Present Continuous used c
temporary markers:
still- still,
now- now,
at present- currently,
at the moment- Currently,
meanwhile- Meanwhile,
while- bye

Moreover, the presence of words denoting the moment of speech: now, at this moment, etc. is possible, but not at all necessary.

I am sitting at my table and writing. -
I sit at the table and write. (now)

The bus is coming. -
The bus is coming.

It is raining. -
It's raining. (Currently)

Mary, what are you doing? -
Mary, what are you (now) doing?

You are not listening to me. -
You don't listen to me.

Verbs that are not used in Continuous:

(verbs of senses)
feel - feel
hear - to hear
notice - notice
see - see,
smell - to smell,
sound - sound,
taste - try.

I hear a siren. Do you here it too

(verbs of need and need) needs and wants:
need - need,
wish - wish,
want - want.

I want an apple

(tastes and dislikes) likes and dislikes:
dislike - not to love,
hate - hate,
like - like,
love - to love,
prefer - prefer.

(knowledge)
forget - forget
know - to know
realize - realize
understand - understand.

The Present Continuous Present Continuous is formed using the verb to be and the -ing form of the verb

To express a long action taking place in the present time period, although not necessarily at the moment of speech, for example:

I am learning to drive. -
I am learning to drive. (currently)

He is studying at school. -
He goes to school. (currently)

My husband is working on an invention. -
My husband is (currently) working on an invention.

Is not writing a new play. -
He is writing a new play. (not right now, but in this period of life)

That firm is carrying on negotiations for the purchase of ore. -
This firm is negotiating the purchase of ore.

to express future action

The Present Continuous is also used to express future action:

To express a planned future action (the actor expresses both the intention to perform the action and the confidence in its commission, since there is an agreement, plan, tickets, etc.), especially with verbs denoting movement or action. In this case, the circumstances of time are almost always used. This form is typical of the colloquial style, while Present Indefinite is typical of the formal style.

Such constructions often contain words today, this week and even tomorrow

We are leaving tomorrow at 6.

I "m going to visit my aunt this evening -
I decided to go to my uncle's tonight.

1) To express a planned future action (the actor expresses both the intention to perform the action and the confidence in its commission, since there is an agreement, plan, tickets, etc.), especially with verbs denoting movement or action. In this case, the circumstances of time are almost always used. This form is typical of the colloquial style, while Present Indefinite is typical of the formal style.

I'm leaving tomorrow. -
I leave tomorrow.

We're flying to Paris in the morning. -
We're leaving for Paris in the morning.

We are dining out on Saturday. -
We have lunch at a party on Saturday.

He is taking his examination on Friday. -
He is taking his exam on Friday.

2 To express the future action in adverbial clauses of the condition and time of the conditions introduced by the conjunctions (if if, in case in case, etc.) or time (before before, until (till) until ... not, while in while, while, when, etc.), for example:

If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up, please. -
If I am sleeping when he comes, please wake me up.

abbreviations in colloquial speech:

In colloquial speech, abbreviations are used:

I am \u003d I "m
He (she, it) is \u003d He "s (she" s, it "s)
We (you, they) are = we "re (you" re, they "re)
am not="m not
is not= isn't="s not
are not=aren"t="re not

He's working.
He isn't working. = He's not working.
Aren't they working?

affirmative form

Subject + to be (am, is, are) + Present Participle (infinitive without to ending -ing)

1. I am typing a message - I am writing a message (now).

• typing - infinitive type + ending -ing

2. Boris is playing the piano now - Boris is now playing the piano.

• playing - infinitive play + ending -ing
• now (now) - a word denoting the moment of speech

3. We are watching the football match - We are watching a football match (now).

• watching - infinitive watch + ending -ing

negative form

Subject + to be (am, is, are) + not + Present Participle (infinitive without to ending -ing)

1. I am not having a bath - I am not taking a bath (now).

• am - auxiliary verb to be
• not - negative particle
• having - infinitive have + ending -ing

2. It is not snowing - It's not snowing (now)

• is - auxiliary verb to be
• not - negative particle
• snowing - infinitive snow + ending -ing

3. My parents are not sleeping - My parents are not sleeping (now).

• are - auxiliary verb to be
• not - negative particle
• sleeping - infinitive sleep + ending -ing

Interrogative form

to be (am, is, are) + subject + Present Participle (infinitive without to ending -ing)

1. Is he cutting bread now? Is he cutting bread now? (general question)

• is - the auxiliary verb to be stands on first
• cutting - infinitive cut + ending -ing

2. Is the plane taking off right now? Is the plane taking off right now?

• is - the auxiliary verb to be stands on first place to form a question
• taking - infinitive take + ending -ing

3. Why are you shouting at him? Why are you yelling at him? (special question)

• are - the auxiliary verb to be stands after question word why and before subject
• shouting - infinitive shout + ending -ing

#2 Cases of using Present Continuous

1. Long-term action, which happens at the moment of speaking.

• The cat is playing with its tail - The cat plays with its tail. (now, at the moment)
• Don't make a noise, Mary is work ing Don't make noise, Maria is working.

2. Long action continues now but not necessarily at the moment of speaking.

• I "m looking for a book the Codex Leicester - I'm looking for the book "Leicester Code". (A person is looking for a book, but not at the moment of speech. The action has begun, but has not yet ended)

Present Continuous shows what in the present period of time human looking for this book, but usually (at all) he does not do this.

AT this case Present Simple is not used, since the meaning of such a sentence would be different.

I often buy history books - I often buy history books. (Present Simple expresses action, which usually happens. In this case, it is understood that a person usually buys historical books).

A few more similar examples.

• Have you heard about John? He is writing a book about bodybuilding – Heard about John? He is writing a book about bodybuilding. (currently, but not at the time of speaking)
• My brother is working on a new online shop - My brother is working on a new online store. (currently, but not at the time of speaking)

3. Action expression in future when it comes intention or pre-planned action.

• We are going to the cinema tonight - Tonight we are going to the cinema.
• Our manager is leaving London tomorrow - Our manager is leaving London tomorrow.

4. With words always(always), constantly(permanently), etc. The present continuous expresses an action that is repeated again and again. Usually in such sentences the speaker expresses impatience, disapproval.

• He is always losing his keys! He's always losing his keys!
• Why are you always criticizing her? Why are you always criticizing her?
• She is constantly stealing our images - She is constantly stealing our images.

5. Present Continuous is used to show change or trend.

• The weather is improving - The weather is improving.
• The climate is changing rapidly - The climate is changing rapidly.
• The cars are becoming more and more expensive - Cars are becoming more and more expensive.

#3 Turn TO BE GOING TO

The verb to go in Present Continuous + the infinitive forms a turnover to be going to that matters I'm going, I'm going.

• I am going to work with them - I'm going to work with them.
• She is going to complain to the manager about your behavior - She is going to complain to the manager about your behavior.
• How long are you going to wait for him? How long are you going to wait for him?
• We are going to invite her - We are going to invite her.

#4 Verbs that not used in Present Continuous

The verbs listed below not used in the times of the Continuous group. As a rule, these verbs are used in the times of the Indefinite group. This is explained by these verbs express feelings and states, not actions.

For example:

• I am wanting some coffee(wrong)
• I want some coffee (that's right)

Feeling/perception to feel * - feel to hear - to hear to see * - see to smell - to smell to taste - try (taste) Opinion to assume - assume, assume to believe - to believe to consider - to believe, to consider to doubt - to doubt to find (= to consider) to suppose - to assume to think - to think state of mind to forget - forget to imagine - to imagine to know - to know to mean - keep in mind to notice - notice to recognize - to recognize to remember - remember to understand - understand

Emotions/Desires to envy - to envy to fear - to be afraid to dislike - to feel dislike to hate - to hate to hope - hope to like - love, like to love - to love to mind - object to prefer - prefer to regret - regret to want - want to wish - wish Measurement to contain - contain to cost - cost to hold - contain, contain to measure - measure to weigh - weigh Other to seem - seem to have (when it means "to possess") * - to have, to possess to belong - to belong

*Exceptions Verbs of perception (see, hear, feel, taste, smell) usually used with can : I can see ... - I see ... These verbs can also be used in Continuous, but with a different meaning. This coat feels nice and warm - This coat feels (feels) warm and nice. (feeling the qualities of the jacket) John "s feeling much better now - Now John feels much better. (His health is improving) She has three dogs and a cat - She has three dogs and a cat. (ownership of something) She "s having supper - She has dinner. (she eats) I can see Anthony in the garden - I see Anthony in the garden. (perception) I "m seeing Anthony later - I will meet with Anthony later. (We plan to meet)

Present Progressive (Present Continuous) tense- present long time. In most cases, this time indicates that the action is happening right now. For us Russians, Present Continuous may seem too difficult to understand at first. This is not surprising, because in Russian there are no such tenses of the verb. For example, the sentence “I play the balalaika” in Russian may mean that I am playing now or playing at all (I know how to play). In English, these are two different sentences. However, some verbs in different situations we also use it differently.

In general terms: if we want to say that an action is happening right now, then we use the Present Continuous (Present Progressive) form. But this is not the only case of using this temporary form. But more on that later. Let's answer the question first - How is Present Progressive (Continuous) formed?

Education Present Continuous: elementary rules and examples

The Present Progressive is formed quite simply: we take the verb to be, put it in the form corresponding to the subject (we change it in accordance with the subject - I am, he is, my mother is and so on) and add the verb corresponding to the specific action (in question) with the ending ing, which is "attached" to its base.

Too difficult? Let's look at a diagram illustrating this process.

Still unclear? Okay, let's look at examples. To do this, take the verb to think- think. Since it ends in a consonant, then adding ing will not discard anything, that is, we get - thinking. If we want to say "I'm thinking" (about something at the moment), then we get - I am thinking. Now with other faces:

The negative and interrogative forms are formed very simply:

Interrogative form	negative form
Am I think ing? - I think?	I am don't think ing. - I do not think (I'm not thinking.)
Are you think ing? - You think?	You are don't think ing. - You do not think. (You aren't thinking.)
Is he think ing? - He thinks?	He is don't think ing. He doesn't think. (He isn't thinking.)
Is she think ing? - She thinks?	She is don't think ing. She doesn't think. (She isn't thinking.)
Is it think ing? Does it think?	It is don't think ing. It doesn't think. (It isn't thinking.)
Are we think ing? - We think?	We are don't think ing. We don't think. (We're not thinking.)
Are they thinki ng? - They think?	They are don't think ing. They don't think. (They aren't thinking.)

Rules for using Present Continuous and examples

The formation of the Present Continuous form is quite simple. The most difficult thing is the correct use of this form. The bottom line is that there are several cases when it is necessary to use the Present Continuous tense, and not any other tense. Briefly, all these cases are indicated using the diagram:

This scheme is not yet completely clear to us, but it will be useful in order to quickly recall the main uses of the present progressive.

So, Present Continuous is used:

1. Designation of what is happening or not happening now, at the moment (now, at the moment).

• I'm studying the present continuous . - I study the present for a long time.
• I'm not watching TV at the moment. — I am not watching TV at the moment.
• I'm sitting now.- Now I'm sitting.
• I'm using the Internet. — I use the Internet.
• We're talking about life. We are talking about life.
• She's not listening to me. She doesn't listen to me (now).

2. Designation of what is happening now in the broadest sense of the word - today, this month, this year, and so on. Temporary situations that we feel or know will not last.

• I am studying to become a teacher. — I study to be a teacher (for example, 5 years).
• Are you working on any special projects at work? Are you (now) working on some work project?
• I'm living in Moscow for a few months. — I have been living in Moscow for several months.
• I'm reading a great book. I am reading a wonderful book (Now, these days. Reading a book is a long process).
• He's living with his mother until he finds an apartment. He lives with his mother until he finds an apartment.

3. Recent or temporary habits that have not always existed.

• My father is smoking too much . (He used to smoke less or not at all.)
• My cat's eating a lot these days . (She didn't eat that much before.)

4. Repetitive, annoying actions, habits using always, constantly, forever:

• I don't like him because he is always complaining.
• They're forever being late.
• My sister is always losing her keys.

5. Plans for the near future

• I'm leaving at 5 am. — I leave at 5 am.
• Are you visiting your parents next weekend? Will you visit your parents next weekend?
• I am not going to the party tonight. - I'm not going to the party tonight.

6. Changing the situation (usually slow) - little by little, gradually etc.

• My son is getting better at playing the guitar.
• The weather is improving.

These were all the rules for the formation and use of the present continuous (the present progressive).

Present Continuous Tense is one of the temporary forms of the English language, which has no analogues in Russian. Its exact name is translated as the present continuous (long), and this already contains the essence of this tense: it is used to describe the situation that is happening at a given moment in time.

The present continuous tense in English has many features of use, and due to the fact that in Russian there is no division of tense into long or regular, it can cause some difficulties for those who study English.

So, two examples can be given that reflect such a situation:

· I’m speaking English - I speak English (referring to the fact that I speak English right now)
· I speak English - I speak English (meaning that I always speak English).

In the second example, Present Indefinite (Simple) is used to show the regularity and constancy of the action. In the first case, Present Continuous is used to emphasize that the situation is happening in this particular time period.

Education Present Continuous

It is important to understand not only how the Present Continuous is formed, but also why it happens that way. The basis of this tense is the auxiliary verb to be, the three forms of which in the present tense, as you know, are am (for the pronoun “I”), is (“he”, “she”, “it”) and are (“we” , “you”, “they”). In addition, the construction of time includes a form of the verb called Present Participle, or Participle I and having the ending -ing. Thus, the present continuous tense in English, or rather, the Present Continuous formula looks like this:

Am
Is + V-ing
Are

Questions and negatives

Interrogative sentences

in such a temporary form they differ in that no auxiliary words like do and does are used here, as is the case with Present Indefinite. In this case, the scheme is simple: the verb to be is put in the first place in the desired form, followed by the subject, and then the rest of the structure:

Are you going to school now? – Are you going to school now?
Is he watching a new film at the moment? Is he watching a new movie now?

But here you should pay attention to the fact that, like any other tense, Present Continuous has different types of questions. And if the above sentences refer to general questions, then, for example, special questions in Present Continuous (in this case, the question does not apply to the subject here) are formed using a special interrogative word that comes first, and the further order is exactly the same:

Where is he going? - Where is he going?
Why are they running so fast? Why are they running so fast?

Question to the subject

the present continius has some peculiarity: in the first place is the interrogative pronoun who, asking a question about an animate object, or what (about an inanimate one). In Russian, the question to the subject begins with the words who or what.

Examples of how a subject question looks like in Present Continuous:

Who is making such a strange noise? Who is making this strange noise?
What is flying over that house? What is flying over that house?

Negative sentences

they do not carry any complexity at all: the particle not is simply added to the verb to be in the required form. Here are some examples of sentences that illustrate the negation in Present Continuous:

I'm not walking with my friend now - I'm not walking with a friend now
· They are not talking to their chief at the moment - At the moment they are not talking to their chief.

Rules for writing verb forms in Present Continuous

The grammar of the present continuous requires compliance with certain rules for writing some verbs that are used in a long form:

1. In the event that the last vowel of the verb is the unpronounceable -e, then it will not be written:

to drive - driving
to describe - describing
to dance - dancing

2. There are also situations where the doubling of the consonant occurs:

In the event that the last consonant of the verb is preceded by a short stressed vowel, then this consonant will be doubled:

to stop - stopping
to cut - cutting
to forget - forgetting

· in the event that the last consonant is -l, preceded by a vowel, then this -l will also be doubled:

to tell - telling
to travel-traveling
to spell - spelling

Note: For American English, the doubling rule -l is not typical.

3. In the case when the verb ends with the letter combination -ie, then the replacement with -y takes place:

to die - dying
to lie-lying

Note: if the verb ends in -y, then in this case, the ending -ing is simply added to it:

to fly - flying
to cry-crying

Cases of using Present Continuous

The use of Present Continuous is typical for the following situations:

1. In order to show a long-term effect,

happening at a particular moment in time. Present continius time, also called Present Progressive Tense, often carries with it some so-called markers, the presence of which, as a rule, indicates that the time will be just that. Such pointer words and constructions are usually now, at the moment. But at the same time, it is important to remember that when speaking about the present moment, one should not focus on the fact that the action is being performed at one particular moment and only now. If in Russian words such as now or now are used, in English we use Present Continuous in a broader sense:

John, you are talking nonsense - John, you are talking nonsense
Jack and Mary are in London now. Mary is studying English - Jack and Mary are in London now. Mary is studying English.

At the same time, there are such examples of Present Continuous, when this time is used to show a certain state or quality characteristic of a person at a particular moment in time:

You are being a nuisance - you interfere;
· You are being bitter - You are sorry.

Note: in the event that we are talking about actions taking place in the present tense, but describing not the process, but the very fact of the action, then it is customary to use Present Indefinite:

· Why don't you answer, Emily? Why don't you answer, Emily?
Your defend him despite all his misdeeds - You defend him despite all his misdeeds

2. In a situation where there are two actions in one sentence,

and one of them shows the regularity, and the other - the process, then in the first case the Present Indefinite Tense should be used, and in the second - the Present Continuous Tense:

You never talk while you are working - You never talk when you work
She always dreams while she is walking - She always dreams while walking

3. To express the future

In English, in Present Continuous, not only the present can be expressed, but also. This is typical for situations when it comes to actions that have been decided and planned in advance, and the chance of their completion is close to one hundred percent:

· I am leaving tomorrow at sunset - I'm leaving tomorrow at sunset
They are coming to us on Sunday - They will come to us on Sunday

The construction to be going to deserves special attention, which is translated into English as going to do something and is also used to express intentions for the future. Its difference from Present Continuous is that here, as a rule, the exact time is not indicated:

I am going to visit you - I'm going to visit you
She is going to come - She is going to come

Note: The Present Continuous rule provides for the use of this time only in such situations, and not Future Indefinite, where decisions aimed at the future are usually spontaneous and only probable.

4. With "constantly, always, ever"

With Present Continuous, those sentences are usually used in which situations are aimed at demonstrating those actions that are always long and never stand still. In this case, special clues often appear in the form of adverbs constantly, always, ever:

The population of the Earth is always increasing - The population of the Earth is constantly increasing
· The Sun is ever shining - The sun always shines

5. Irritation

Often there are such sentences in Present Continuous in which the speaker expresses the idea of ​​irritation and negative emotions towards another. Here, all the same satellites are also usually used - adverbs always, constantly:

· You are always grumbling! - You always grumble!
She is constantly complaining! She's always complaining!

Verbs not used in Continuous

English, like, perhaps, any other, has its own strict laws. If we are talking about Present Continuous Active, then it is extremely important to remember that not all verbs can form the Present Participle form and be used to indicate the process. Below are the categories of verbs that are not used in Continuous and cannot form the –ing or so-called form:

verbs of sensory perception (see, hear, smell, etc.);
verbs, the essence of which is to express desire and intention (wish, intend, want, etc.);
Verbs illustrating mental activity (think, suppose, believe, etc.);
verbs showing feelings and emotions (love, hate, like, etc.);
verbs that display abstract relationships (have, belong, possess, etc.).

But even in these cases there are exceptions: for example, the verb of sensory perception to see in its direct meaning to see does not have the right to stand in Continuous. But, acting, for example, as a phrasal verb (to see off - to see off) or being part of some construction (to see the sights of - to see the sights), it has every right to form the -ing form. This means that all verbs that are not used in Continuous, one way or another can be used in a long time, and such situations with them are formed and sound quite natural:

· I'm thinking of tomorrow's meeting - I'm thinking about tomorrow's meeting
What are you doing? - I am having breakfast - What are you doing? I eat breakfast

Thus, even such a relatively simple time has many nuances that must be taken into account. Present Continuous has simple usage rules, but each of them has its own peculiarity, having understood which it will be much easier to use this time in speech.

Present Continuous Tense (or Present Progressive Tense) is translated from English as "real long time". In English speech, it is used on a par with Present Simple, with the same frequency, and occupies an important place in grammar.

When Present Continuous is used - when it is required to emphasize the duration of the action in the present. The limits of "duration" can be different: the action can continue indefinitely or take a certain period of time - all these are cases of using Present Continuous.

Present Continuous - the formation of sentences of different types

Statement

According to the rules of the English language, any sentence is built in a certain order. In affirmative sentences, the subject takes the first place, the predicate - the second. In Present Continuous, the predicate is made up of the auxiliary verb to be and the main (semantic) verb that expresses the action. To be takes the correct form (am, is, are) depending on the subject, and the main verb takes on the ending -ing.

1. Formula: I am + verb-ing Example: I am singing - I sing.
2. Formula: He/She/It is + verb-ing Examples: He is smiling - He smiles. She is dancing - She is dancing. It is shining - It shines.
3. Formula: We/You/They are + verb-ing Examples: We are listening - We are listening. You are reading - You are reading. They are swimming - They swim.

Adding the ending -ing to the verb is a general rule. However, adding an ending can transform the stem of some verbs when forming the Present Continuous.

1. Verb ends in -e Rule: the last letter is discarded Example: make - making (to do)
2. Verb ends in -ie Rule: -ie is replaced by -y Example: lie - lying
3. One-syllable verb ending in a vowel followed by a consonant Rule: the last consonant is doubled Example: get - getting (to receive)

Negation

When the Present Continuous is used in negative sentences, the auxiliary and main verbs are separated by not.

1. Formula: I am not + verb-ing Example: I am not singing - I don't sing.
2. Formula: He/She/It is not + verb-ing Examples: He is not smiling - He does not smile. She is not dancing - She does not dance. It is not shining - It does not shine.
3. Formula: We/You/They are not + verb-ing Examples: We are not listening - We are not listening. You are not reading - You are not reading. They are not swimming - They do not swim.

Question

In cases of using Present Continuous in interrogative sentences, the auxiliary verb takes the first place, followed by the subject and then the main verb.

1. Formula: Am I + verb-ing Example: Am I singing? - I sing?
2. Formula: Is He/She/It + Verb-ing Examples: Is he smiling? - He smiles? She is dancing? - She is dancing? Is it shining? - Does it shine?
3. Formula: Are We/You/They + Verb-ing Examples: Are we listening? - We are listening? Are you reading? - You read? Are they swimming? - They are swimming?

Present Continuous - use in typical cases

1. The action is happening right now, at the moment of speaking. You can also use the Present construct.

Continuous for several actions occurring simultaneously in the present. Marker words: now (now), at the moment (at the moment).

Example: She is eating apple while I am drinking juice - She is eating an apple while I am drinking juice. (two actions happening at the same time)

2. The action is extended in time and takes place in the present, but is not limited to the present second. It started some time ago and will continue for some time. During this period of time, the indicated action is performed.

Marker words: now (now), currently (now, now), these days (These days, one of these days).

Example: We are moving into a new house - We are moving to a new house. (We are busy with the process of moving and will continue it, but at the time of speaking we are not specifically engaged in this, we are just in a state of moving)

3. The situation is temporary.

Marker words: until (not yet), for (during), during (during).

Example: He is staying in New York for three months - He has been living in New York for three months. (in three months, for some reason, he will leave New York, his stay in this city will end; this situation is temporary, he permanently lives, for example, in Moscow, and is in New York for work or in connection with study)

4. The action is developing or constantly changing, the sentence often contains certain verbs to denote it. The description of the process of change is a case of using the Present Continuous. Marker words: get (become), change (change), rise (rise), fall (fall), grow (grow), become (become), start (begin), improve (improve), begin (begin). Example: Your English is getting better - Your English is getting better. (there is a gradual increase in your level of English)

Special Uses of the Present Continuous Construction

1. The case is planned and will certainly be done in the near future, often with a date, place, or some other details.

Marker words: this / next week (this / next week), tonight (evening), today (today), tomorrow (tomorrow), this / next year (this / next year), this / next weekend (this /next weekend).

Example: Next week we are buying a new car - Next week we are buying a new car. (we have not just decided, but have already chosen the brand of the car and the car dealership where the purchase will be made)

2. We are talking about an action in the present that affects the near future with the use of verbs denoting movement.

Marker words: go (go), move (move), leave (leave), start (start), come (come), return (return).

Example: I'm tired. I am going to bed. - I'm tired. I am going to sleep. (Right now I'm feeling tired and I'll go to bed right after I report this)

3. Speech is emotionally colored, the speaker is dissatisfied, annoyed or outraged by something that constantly happens.

Marker words: all the time (all the time), always (always), constantly (constantly)

Example: You are always interrupting me! - You keep interrupting me! (you do it all the time and it annoys me)

4. Present Continuous - cases of use with state verbs.

According to the rules, such verbs in English are not used in the present tense, since they denote feelings, mental processes that have no time limits - these verbs express a state rather than an action.

However, if the meaning of such a verb you need is a specific action that has a beginning and an end, then the phrase can be built according to the Present Continuous formula.

Marker words: to love (to love), to feel (to feel), to wish (to wish), to think (to think), to see (to see), to look (to look), to smell (to smell), to have (to have ) and others

Examples: The steak tastes good. - This steak tastes great. (the steak cooked according to this recipe is always delicious) The chef is tasting the steak. - The chef is tasting the steak. (he is doing it at the moment)

The use of Present Continuous in difficult cases

1. It's about something new versus the old.

Example: He has left university, now he is working with his friend - He left the university and is now working with his friend.

2. We are talking about the unusual behavior of a certain person, he suddenly began to behave differently than before.

Example: She is eating too much - She eats too much. (before that, she did not have such a good appetite)

3. Present Continuous is used in subordinate clauses of time after conjunctions. The sentence refers to two actions, one of which is single or “short” (Present Simple), the second is long (Present Continuous). For an action that occurs “in the background”, use Present Continuous, and for an event interrupting it, use Present Simple.

Marker words: as long as (while), when (when), in case (if), if (if), while (while), unless (not yet).

Example: I try not to make noise in case my daughter is reading her book - I try not to make noise when my daughter is reading.