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In one of the comments devoted to the “eternal” topic “our children know nothing”, I read a brilliant question: “Why should anyone, except for the children of the elite, give excessive education?” Tellingly, the commentator did not "jiggle" at all, did not exude sarcasm - the question was asked quite seriously. And in the whole direction of the discussion of this topic, it is clear that the majority, at least of the active audience, is clearly on the side of the version that “our children should not be tormented with “extra knowledge”.

“Superfluous”, “excessive” or simply “unnecessary” - these are, perhaps, the words that are most often found in the discussion of the topic “how and what to teach children”. For the layman in this matter, in general, “everything is clear”: the layman-chemist, without a shadow of a doubt, cries out “well, what for was this princess Olga of yours to me?” (meaning both history and literature at the same time), the average philologist yells, “I’ve given up on those Pythagorean pants and the Boyle-Marriott law,” the average janitor is modestly silent (because of all social networks he prefers TV), but in his heart I’m sure that no education is needed at all.

And everyone has one “indestructible” argument: “ I then it didn't work!" And it's really useless to argue: that's what it is. essence the layman - that for him the basis of the foundations and the beginning of the beginnings is his personal experience - or, more precisely, outside of his personal experience, nothing significant exists for him.

And really - why give excessive education to non-children of the elite? And if you think about it - why is it so?

The problem is that the layman does not understand the difference between himself and the child. More precisely, he understands it too one-sidedly: in his view, he himself is an accomplished adult, a conscious member of society, a full-fledged person; well, a child is so, a semi-finished product, don’t understand what, it’s not worth talking about him much. However, the opposite view also makes sense: an adult is uninteresting, this is a “cog” that has already “got on the skis”, built into a rut and will follow it until retirement. Everyone already knows what to expect from him, and, as a rule, you can not expect much. If he can support himself and does not lie as a burden on the neck of society for as long as possible - thanks for that, you can’t wish for more.

Another thing is the child. The child has - potential. Who he will become is not known in advance. Perhaps he will reach the heights of mastery in some so far unknown area, perhaps he will open up new paths for his community, his nation, and even, what the hell is not joking, for all of humanity? This is unknown. But chance there is. The chance is small - but it exists. Potentially, children are much more interesting than fathers (who are usually already played cards). Actually, that is why (and only why) any discussion of children causes such a burning interest (as we have now).

Money and things, male and female

Here you can still draw such a well-known analogy: some people value money more, others - things. It is believed that the former are more often men, the latter - more often women.

Women's approach is more "subject-specific". Money in itself does not attract her much - and what, in fact, is attractive in them? After all, these are nothing more than nondescript pieces of paper, or even worse - just some numbers on the account. Whether it's a specific, cute, such an attractive blouse! The blouse is thing. To own it is a real happiness. That is why women are usually "famous" for their ability to immediately lower any amount of money on a heap of the most diverse purchases - which makes their husbands and fathers desperate and furious, but they deserve the ardent love of all kinds of merchants.

It's different with men. The man argues like this: “Here I have a thousand rubles in my pocket. It would seem that this is not much. Drop it in a second and you won't notice. But! Think what can I do with them? Well, I can dine in a mediocre cafe. I can take my friend to the cinema and buy her popcorn. I can pay a fine for an unfastened seat belt - that is, I have the opportunity to ride unfastened! Or buckle up, but take half a tank instead! And I can still buy a couple of good books. Or a bottle of inexpensive whiskey. Or a bouquet of roses and instead of a movie, come straight to her house. Or… God! How much opportunities!" And a man is imbued with the most tender feelings for a miserable thousand.

Naturally, the ability for abstract thinking plays a cruel joke with our little man. The whole fan of opportunities is not available to the owner of a thousand at the same time - in any case, he can spend it only on one thing. However, until the piece of paper is spent, its owner is quite right to console himself with the thought that all the listed 33 pleasures are available to him. Often, someone with a masculine attitude towards money ends up not spending it on anything - putting it in a box or pillowcase: it is enough for him to know that he maybe afford it all.

Both approaches are not without flaws: women with their “spontaneous purchases” sit on a pile of blouses, but penniless, and men with their “fan of opportunities” to gray hairs, like Kashchei, languish over their miserable pile of gold (and their girlfriends, respectively, , toil without flowers, and even without a movie session). But we are not talking about them now.

We mean that in our comparison, children are “money”, and their parents are “things”.

In a sense, society "possesses" both of them - both children and parents. Like all of us, we have both money and things. The question is what do we love more.

For a long time, various thinkers have said about Russia that it has a “feminine soul”. It's funny that the "female essence" of Russia is also manifested in this issue: judging by the discussions on the topic of education, we have female values ​​here too - we tend to "adults that have taken place", that is, we prefer "things". "Blouses". And they are quite ready to mindlessly spend, like Marivanna in Megamall, at least all the cash "money" on the first "blouses" that come across.

What are we putting our kids in?

Ironically, this is not a question for parents. From the point of view of a healthy, normal society (which is oriented towards the benefit for yourself), children should not go where “their elders told them”, and not even where “you can earn the most money” - but where it suits them personally. The key word is "personally". The child will open up (and bring the most benefit to society) in the field that best corresponds to his own, for the time being (and for quite a long time) latent potential.

This - you will be surprised - is the main point of the school: it teaches everything, because it is not known what is most suitable for each particular child - chemistry, physics, literature or sawing with a jigsaw. Plus - the necessary load is given to all kinds of parts of the brain responsible for cognition of the surrounding world - because science has long revealed that in the learning of any mammal there are so-called "sensitive periods", when the brain is most receptive to the translation of certain mental skills. If you don’t give a load in childhood, then it’s very difficult to “catch up”, even with a great desire: thinking is rigid, new “paths” are laid with difficulty, everything strives to return to “what was taught at school”. If at school they were taught only to count on their fingers - an overgrown "conscious member of society" solves all the tasks set, counting on his fingers ...

Usually, at the same time, they sacredly believe that the only way to solve problems is that “there are no other ways.”

You can not teach children, of course. The children themselves will be happy. But we must be aware that by doing so we are depriving these children of the opportunity to choose "what to become." Not completely, of course - but we narrow this choice. If we continue the analogy with money, our "money" becomes "limited convertible." Up to the point that they soon become like the Soviet ruble - which can only be handed over to the state, no one needs it anymore.

Here is such a "prophetic Oleg". Of course, 90% of those who read that “children do not know who the prophetic Oleg is” do not themselves know who he is; they feel themselves (arms and legs are in place), look into their wallet (there is money), take a work book (respected at work), look at the stamp in the passport (divorced; but, that means someone got married!) - and they pass a verdict: no one needs this prophetic, “I didn’t need it!” The usual defense of self-esteem.

And no one is obliged to look from the point of view of society - they don’t pay money for this. So what if our children are “limitedly convertible”, that their choice in life is narrowed as much as possible already at school, and then they have a direct road - to hang with an unnecessary “blouse” at an unloved job, do chemistry all their lives and hate this very chemistry ( really "but" without knowing any other subject area)?

We are small people. We firmly learned only one thing from school: “The less you know, the better you sleep!”.

People have come up with a lot. They are for every occasion of life, you can choose any winged saying to your taste. By what folk wisdom each individual individual uses in life, a lot can be said about his inner world, character and life position. Someone gave out “my hut from the edge”, and without irony, and it is immediately clear that in the event of some kind of conflict you cannot count on him, he will not stand up for the weak, he will remain on the sidelines. Or here's another: "The less you know, you sleep better." The motto of people prone to self-deception, blissful mental infirmity. So it seems at first glance. But is it really so?

Secrets to stay away from

There are situations in which there is some mystery. It is known to a few, and dedicated people are terribly afraid of its disclosure. And suddenly the secret, as it almost always happens, becomes clear. The long-term keepers of the secret are puzzled by the exposure, but in addition to the completely natural concern about this circumstance, which often threatens with many troubles, both material and moral, they suffer from the fact that they do not know who betrayed what they were hiding. The number of suspects includes everyone who was familiar with information that is not subject to disclosure. These are usually friends, relatives and other close people. Even if the true culprit of the leak is found, the unpleasant aftertaste remains forever. Relationships, as they say, give a crack that will never be repaired.

It is better to stay away from other people's intimate secrets and never boast of awareness, even if they become accidentally known. It is in such cases that the saying “you know less, you sleep better” is very true. Secrets, by the way, are not only personal, but also corporate, commercial and even government.

Protect the brain

Today it is believed that excessive workload of the brain is harmful. Mankind has existed on the planet for a long time, and only in recent decades has it faced such an unusual problem as excessive consumption of information. The nervous system simply cannot stand the stream of news pouring from radio and television receivers, from the pages of websites, not to mention the press. Headlines are full of reports of terrible incidents, human casualties, wars, floods, man-made disasters and other disasters occurring around the world.

Previously, about two hundred years ago, not all of them became known at all, or the sad news came with a significant delay, which undoubtedly reduced the sharpness of perception. Today, a chronicle of some kind of catastrophe is transmitted in a matter of minutes after it, and it often happens that the death of people can be observed live. The proverb “know less, sleep better” is quite applicable to such situations when the brain simply rebels from information flows, entering a depressive state. There are also cases of insanity.

It is worth recalling Bulgakov's character Professor Preobrazhensky, who did not recommend reading Soviet newspapers while eating.

"Extra" knowledge

Quite a long time ago, the image of an eccentric professor or just a scientist, absent-minded and constantly staying “a little crazy” was formed. This, of course, happens, although the majority of outstanding scientists are able to think soberly and practically. People who are poorly educated (or simply ignorant) find particular pleasure in humiliating the “educated”, thus establishing themselves in the eyes of others, and even their own. They seem to be saying: “Yes, we didn’t go through the sciences, but we are simple people, and balls for videos don’t enter our heads. And in general, you know little, you sleep better. And if the brain is clogged with all sorts of nonsense, then this causes only problems. What do such people need? Their needs are simple: eat, sleep and perform a few more simple procedures of a physiological nature. And the next day everything is different, but exactly the same.

Yes, the brain is naturally different for people, but in any case, it is used by only a few percent of its capabilities, so it is almost impossible to overload it, especially with useful knowledge. The saying “you know little, you sleep better” is just an excuse for the laziness of the mind. However, there are people who are really not capable of learning. Yes, and fools are not translated.

Callousness

Almost everyone has friends. In difficult times, they usually come to the rescue. They support morally, and if possible, then financially or in deed. But there are such unfortunate cases when some of them just disappear somewhere at a difficult moment. Then, when the troubles have passed, such "friends" are announced again, and they explain their absence by ignorance, while assuring that "if only ...", then "for sure". And how could they not believe! But then, one way or another, it turns out that they all knew. But I don't want to talk about it with them. The less you know, the better you sleep... Yes, such friends don't complain about bad sleep, and appetite too.

Family nuances

There is a type of families in which the facts of adultery are very tolerant. Usually in these cases, both husband and wife make long trips “to the left”, this explains their mutual indulgence. The main condition, sacredly honored in such a family, is the observance of external propriety. Telling each other about your adventures is also, as a rule, not accepted. What for? The less you know, you sleep better, and it doesn't matter who and with whom. The most terrible enemy of such spouses becomes an external "whistleblower" that violates the idyll. Therefore, even if it became known about someone's betrayal, you should not rush to open the eyes of his second half - she is most often aware. In addition, do not forget about the circumstances indicated in the first section of this article.

doom

There is a shameless, cynical, rude, vile lie, but sometimes it is also a saint. For example, if a person is hopelessly ill, it is better for him not to talk about it, at least until he himself begins to guess, otherwise the illness will finish him even before the allotted time. It is about this sparing lie or understatement that they say: “The less you know, you sleep better.” And keeping such a secret is hard, and living with it, and then telling the truth is also almost impossible. If possible at all. This situation is very difficult, only those who have experienced it really know about it. The rest is left to guess.

The perversity of curiosity

The desire to know everything does not always have such a laudable motive as the love of truth. Sometimes at the heart of this desire lies such an obscure trait as curiosity. It is this that encourages reading on the pages of the “yellow” press news about the life of celebrities that do not concern their work, but describe in detail who, when and with whom he started an affair, where he went or how much and what he spent. But there is also the life of acquaintances, which also needs to be discussed in a narrow circle. The expression “The less you know, the better you sleep” even received a continuation: “But until I find out everything, I won’t be able to fall asleep at all!”. All this is quite natural for people of a certain temperament, but gossip is rarely brought to good. Again, remember the first paragraph of this article.

There are dissenters

Folk sayings have become part of the national culture and are considered the standard of universal wisdom. But does everyone agree with the statement “the less you know, the better you sleep”? The person's personality matters. Some are quite content with blissful ignorance. Others strive for the truth, no matter how hard and unpleasant it may be, especially in cases where it concerns them. There is nothing to frighten such people - neither by the betrayal of friends, nor by a fatal diagnosis. It is hard for them to live, and it is not always possible to sleep peacefully. In addition, there is such a thing as a conscience, which also prevents sleep, if, of course, there is one. But it is impossible to remake its owners, and it is not worth trying. Such people are very necessary, everything rests on them.

Continuing the conversation about the crisis in the humanitarian sciences, I note: one of the main contradictions between the naturalists and the humanities, oddly enough, is projected onto the attitude to the question of the possibility of the existence of an alien mind. The essence of the contradiction is simple:

Conditional natural scientists (physicists, chemists, physiologists, etc. - both theoreticians and practitioners), realizing the absolute insufficiency of their knowledge, do not say yes or no, but simply explore the universe from all sides and each time freely discuss on any occasion, whether it is a new hypothesis, whether it is fresh data that requires additional research or decoding. Among them, of course, there are going beyond the scope of scientific ethics with subsequent accusations of pseudoscience, but against the general background, this is by no means a regularity. With the exception, perhaps, of ufologists, who stand apart, and among whom, unfortunately, there is too much percentage of charlatans and falsifiers.

The same conditional humanists (historians, psychologists, theologians, philologists, etc.), despite all the relativity of their theories and hypotheses, are initially inclined to rigid dogmatism and absolutization of their theories, and any assumption about the possible participation of aliens in the birth and development of the earth civilizations immediately put the stigma of quasi-scholarship with subsequent expulsion from their close-knit ranks, up to the notorious "non-handshake". Most of all goes to anthropologists and archaeologists (paleoarchaeologists), who have not yet decided on their scientific and branch affiliation and are trying to somehow fill the gaping voids of human origin or explain inexplicable artifacts.

Particularly ridiculous are the attempts to decompose in detail and colorfully all the stages of the construction of the Egyptian pyramids, which have long and firmly entered school textbooks and crumble with elementary analysis. All the rest, amazing megalithic, scattered all over the Earth, as if it does not exist. Laughter with laughter, but as a result - no scientific discussion, but only total silence. The finds of Michael Cremo are of no interest to anyone, the museum of Dr. Cabrero is closed, and the fate of the collection is unknown, the excavations of the underground granite city under the pyramids have been stopped long ago and reliably, the Nazca plateau raises only the question “why?”, instead of “how was it done?”, cyclopean buildings with masonry of granite blocks weighing hundreds of tons, folded according to arbitrary geometry and without the slightest gaps, are widely attributed to primitive cultures that have just mastered the extraction of ore, at best, copper. No one and nothing bothers, even the death of hundreds of people in Peru while trying to lift one of the once fallen blocks up a small slope with the help of strong ropes and various wooden and stone skating rinks.

The same applies to ancient artifacts containing written sources, when any attempts to go beyond the established linguistic dogmas are immediately suppressed and declared quasi-scientific. Not the slightest hint of discussion, even if the troublemaker offers to calmly discuss the facts, and point out mistakes, if any. I propose to talk about this in more detail, because the stones of Dr. Cabrero, Cremo paleoartifacts, Nazca drawings and many megaliths, I felt, climbed, crawled and analyzed far and wide in various parts of the planet. As a result, I am in full agreement with the understanding of the reasons for the total silence, initiated not by the naturalists and the humanities, but by the so-called representatives of the social sciences, called politicians, who understand that a broad scientific discussion will inevitably lead to a revision of the history of the emergence and development of the entire human civilization. This is really dangerous, as it will immediately call into question all the so-called achievements of the "king of nature", and politicians will inevitably be sent to the dump.

However, in all this there is a more interesting aspect (especially considering modern realities), which directly concerns, perhaps, only Russia and its history, deeply hidden in the thickness of fiction, foreign interpretations and outright lies, universally fixed at the official level. And let me be wrong, let me incur the righteous wrath of the defenders of academic scholarship, but I am not going to remain silent. In the end, the one who does nothing is not mistaken. And vice versa: the one who does his job even as conscientiously as possible is not immune from mistakes.

In general, I propose to leave the aliens alone and switch to something that is somewhat closer and has been on the surface for a long time. After all, your shirt is closer to your body.

* * *

This truly detective story has been unfolding in the center of Europe for more than five centuries. It is associated with the names of many people, most of whom have long been forgotten. To begin with, I propose to trace in more detail the path of one well-known person in narrow circles, who left the deepest imprint on the topic of interest to me.

On October 17, 1785, a boy named Tadeusz was born in Polish Szawly. The family was quite noble: the father was a court adviser to King Stanislav August, and was also the godson of Tadeusz Kosciuszko himself.

Further, the boy's biography is interrupted for more than a quarter of a century and emerges already in the military campaign of 1812, where he participated as an officer in the Napoleonic army. Participation in the war was marked for the young man by the title of Chevalier of the Order of the Legion of Honor, which, according to the Regulations, meant official recognition of special merits to France, where membership in the order is still the highest (or one of the highest) distinction and honor.

The further path of the future, in all respects, controversial personality turned out to be completely unrelated to an army career, but was entirely devoted to archeology, collecting artifacts and, most importantly, deciphering ancient inscriptions, which his predecessors and contemporaries for a long time gave in to. The name of Tadeusz Volansky became so widely known in the first half of the 19th century that many historians, archaeologists and linguists, including those in Russia, referred to it. The sensational discoveries impressed the author himself so much with their novelty and inconsistency with generally accepted historical interpretations that, having a keen sense of scientific ethics, he began to write letters to various European (including Russian) academic institutions with a request to evaluate his works and point out possible errors. By the middle of the century, T. Volansky had a huge library of rare books, among which by that time there were already a large number of his own works, in which his unusual hypothesis was consistently stated and proved.

Unfortunately, scientific conscientiousness played a trick on the scientist: the letters did not receive due appreciation, and in 1847, when his main work was published, “the Catholic primate of Poland, which was part of the Russian Empire, turned to the Holy Synod of Russia with a request to ask permission from the emperor Nicholas I apply to Volansky autodof at the stake from his book. Simply, the Catholic Church sentenced the scientist to be burned at the stake, composed of his own books.

Further, events took on a new unexpected development: the emperor, nicknamed Nikolai Palkin by his contemporaries, requested a copy of the book and summoned the famous historian and versatile encyclopedist Yegor Klassen (German by birth) for examination. According to his conclusion, Nicholas I ordered to withdraw “the required amount of this book for safe keeping, the rest, in order not to harm the clergy, to burn, to Volansky to attach a military team to assist him in his expeditions to collect those stone inscriptions and continue to protect his person from possible misadventures."

Thus, Tadeusz (the name in the Russian tradition is Thaddeus) Volansky found himself under the highest patronage and was able to continue his research, but was never adequately appreciated by the scientific community. And it would be more correct to say - he was consigned to oblivion, "so as not to harm the clergy." The scientist died on February 16, 1865 in the village of Rynsk, now the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland.

So what kind of heresy did Thaddeus Volansky create in order to become a secret with seven seals and not be honored with a single line in any textbook for a century and a half now? The answer to this question is both simple and complex at the same time.

Simple, because there is nothing easier than to name the area of ​​​​specific interests of the scientist, as well as his predecessors and followers, who were also not recognized by the notorious "scientific community", who once and for all believed in the inviolability of their theories of the origin of the Slavic tribes, long and firmly considered the younger stepchildren European peoples. The key words here are: "Slavic tribes", whose language is also considered, although related to European (the notorious Indo-European group of languages), but much younger.

Difficult, since the traditional historiography of the European peoples has become so firmly entrenched in the minds of citizens not only of Europe, but also of Russia, that even a hint of a much older pre-Christian history of the Slavs causes an ironic smile at best, and at worst attempts to get personal with biting accusations in ignorance and graphomania. And if, at the same time, we also touch upon the issues of linguistics and linguistics (comparative) with evidence of unique uniqueness Russian language, based on his primogeniture relative to any European ones, then a “non-handshake” is practically guaranteed.

However, I am not a historian, not a linguist, and not a scientist at all, oblivion does not threaten me by definition, however, as well as “non-handshake”. Therefore, I immediately turn to the main thing: I designate some significant names and scientific works on the ancient history of the Slavs, widely known in narrow circles, but not only not becoming the property of the scientific community, but not even awarded the title "the subject of a broad scientific discussion."

1. Mavro Orbini (1550–1614), Italian historian of Yugoslav origin, monk of the Benedictine monastery on the island of Mljet, later abbot, Archimandrite of Raguzha in the Sicilian city of Ragusa.

His main work, translated into Russian in 1722, is called: “HISTORIOGRAPHY of the beginning of the name, glory, and expansion of the Slavic people and their Kings and Rulers under many names and with many Kingdoms, Kingdoms, and Provinces. Collected from many historical books, through Mr. Mavrourbin, Archimandrite of Raguzha. It was first published in Italy in 1601 under the original title: “SLAVIC KINGDOM. The origin of the Slavs and the spread of their domination” and immediately caused a series of grandiose scandals with historians and, most importantly, with the Vatican. The publication was immediately listed in the Index of Forbidden Books.

The Dubrovnik native was nourished by the Dubrovnik Aspazija literary salon Tsveta Zuzoric, where the fate of the Slavic tribes and, first of all, the Russians, who had recently protected Europe from the invasion of nomads with the power and wisdom at the same time confrontation with the Catholic West, was widely discussed. As a result, the author, relying on numerous treatises of his predecessors (Vinko Priboevich, Ludovik Tsrievich-Tuberon, etc.) and a break in all available monastic and private libraries, as well as the unique archives of the Duke of Urbinsky, states:

“The Slavs fought almost all the tribes of the world, attacked Persia, ruled Asia and Africa, fought the Egyptians and Alexander the Great, conquered Greece, Macedonia and Illyria, occupied Moravia, Silesia, Czech Republic, Poland and the coast of the Baltic Sea. They invaded Italy, where for a long time they clashed with the Romans, sometimes suffering defeats, sometimes taking revenge on them with great sacrifices on their part, sometimes ending the battle with an equal advantage. Finally conquering the Roman Empire, they occupied many of its provinces, destroyed the city of Rome, making the Roman emperors their tributaries, which no other tribe in the world could do. They took possession of Thrace, founded kingdoms in Spain, and the noblest families are descended from their blood. However, Roman historians are not so generous in praise of the barbarians, as they call them, than in the address of their own ... So, having gathered together all the most important things that were scattered in different books, I wanted to publish all this information to the glory of all the Slavs whom I ask favorably accept the fruits of my labors as a memory and evidence of the greatness of their ancestors, as a clear sign of their valor and, finally, as their own property.

Let the reader, who evaluates what he read from the height of humanistic times, not be confused by the author's epithets regarding the militancy of the Slavic tribes, for there was a time when military prowess and victories were at the highest price. Here, the main thing for us is that, even despite the publication of the book in Russia in 1722 (in a highly abridged translation by Savva Prokopovich) and the subsequent use by well-known domestic specialists (Tatishchev, Golenishchev-Kutuzov) as a source of valuable information, the fate of most of the works of Mavro Orbini turned out to be more than sad, falling out of sight of historians for many centuries.

2. Thaddeus Volansky (1785–1865), Polish archaeologist and collector, Slavophile, philologist, author of the hypothesis about the Slavic origin of the Etruscans and other ancient civilizations.

The main work, equipped with detailed images of artifacts and an interpretation of their origin: "Letters on Slavic Antiquities", 1847. From the title it is clear that the publication contains some letters, namely, twelve letters from 1844 to 1847. to various European institutions (academies, universities, museums), including the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg (first letter). At the end of the book, the author gives detailed tables of artifacts, the inscriptions on which he refers to the pre-Christian period in the history and culture of the Slavic peoples. Here is what he wrote:

“Scientists have stumbled upon these monuments and labored in vain until our time by parsing their inscriptions in Greek and Latin alphabets, and seeing the inapplicability of such, they searched in vain for a key in the Hebrew language, because this mysterious key to all unsolved inscriptions is found only in the primitive Slavic language ... How the Slavic inscriptions on the stones of Numidia, Carthage and Egypt extended far in ancient times, let them prove the Slavic inscriptions on the stones of Numidia, Carthage and Egypt ... Are there no Slavic monuments in Italy, India and Persia - even in Egypt? ... Are the ancient books of Zoroaster, are the ruins of Babylon, the monuments of Darius , the remains of Parsa-grad (Persepolis), covered with cuneiform, do not contain inscriptions understandable to the Slavs? The British, French and Germans look at it, "jak kozioł na wodę". We Slavs will be able to complete these studies only if our children and grandchildren want to follow in our footsteps!”

Simply put, the author proposed deciphering numerous inscriptions on monuments left, for example, by the ancient Etruscans around the Mediterranean Sea, incomprehensible to contemporaries, using Slavic runes, which he methodically outlined in his writings, provided with detailed drawings and comparative tables.

We already know the further fate of Thaddeus Volansky, as well as the fact that "children and grandchildren", unfortunately, ignored the author's will.

It should be noted that Volansky was an exceptionally conscientious researcher, inclined to doubt everything and therefore double-check his conclusions many times, for which he sought to attract the most reputable scientists. Here are his words from the Preface to the edition:

“Let the scholars of antiquity correct me where I was wrong, since one who, like me, set foot on such a dark and millennial fog-shrouded road without a guide, could and should have been wrong.”

Despite the obvious desire for truth, based on facts and free from baseless interpretations, Thaddeus Volansky earned only a reputation "that the author was too trusting and extremely gifted with lush imagination" and, along with his works, sank into obscurity for a long time.

3. Yegor Klassen (1795–1862), a Russian scholar with a wide range of interests, a German by birth (a subject of Russia since 1836), enjoyed the trust of Emperor Nicholas I in matters of the pre-Christian history of the Slavs.

The main work of E. Klassen, published in 1854: “The most ancient history of the Slavs and Slavic-Russians before the Rurik time. New materials for the ancient history of the Slavs in general and the Slavic-Russ before Rurik's time in particular with a light outline of the history of the Rus before the birth of Christ. In a book written just on the basis of the materials of Thaddeus Volansky (which I mentioned earlier), the author writes:

“Meanwhile, the history of ancient Slavic Russia is so rich in facts that its traces are everywhere, woven into the life of all the peoples of Europe, with a strict analysis of which Russia will move forward by itself and show all the ramifications of this greatest tribe in the world ...”

E. Klassen, being an ethnic German, nevertheless, following the norms of scientific ethics, which should be free from bias and bias, following the convictions of Mikhailo Lomonosov, spoke sharply negatively about Russian-German Normanist historians, such as Gottlieb Bayer, August Schlozer, Gerhard Miller and others, calling them slanderers of the history of the Slavs:

“If Schlozer really did not understand the Russian chronicles, then he is a blind man, pompous with German distrust of the originality of the Russian states in pre-Rurik times; but if he penetrated the essence of legends and rejected them solely in order to be true to his plan, then he is an evil slanderer!

And what did not fit into the understanding of the author of the history of the Slavs at all was the denial of a huge number of facts that they had written language before the Greek monks known to us came to Russia:

“That the Slavs already had letters long before Cyril and Methodius is evidenced by very old Slavic letters located in the Munich Library. ... The Slavs had a letter not only before all the Western peoples of Europe, but also before the Romans and even the Greeks themselves, and that the outcome of enlightenment was from the Russes to the west, and not from there to them.

The denial of generally accepted and tendentious historiography led E. Klassen to a logical result - oblivion and deletion from the list of historians worthy of at least mention in textbooks, including domestic ones, and any mention, as a rule, was, at best, ironic in nature : “A certain Egor Klassen (a gardener by profession) then proclaimed that “the Slavic-Russians, as a people educated earlier than the Romans and Greeks, left many monuments in all parts of the Old World.” (A. A. Formozov, 1928-2009).

4. Alexander Ivanchenko (1936-2003), Soviet-Russian historian, possessor of a brilliant literary talent, author of the unique book "The Ways of a Great Russian".

When studying the pre-Christian roots of the Slavs, he had to refute not only the German version of the history of Russia, but also enter into a tough debate with such recognized pillars as B. A. Rybakov and D. S. Likhachev, who had long embarked on the rails of traditional historiography and did not tolerate any deviations . A. Ivanchenko is a geologist by his first profession. I traveled on foot and traveled on various modes of transport, including dog and reindeer sleds, the most severe regions and regions of the Russian Far North: Yakutia, Kolyma, Chukotka, Kamchatka, the islands of the Arctic Ocean. For a long time he worked as a journalist. Then he “sailed” for several years. He made four round-the-world voyages, visited many countries. The profession helped him to discover traces of the ancient Slavs in the farthest corners of the Earth, as well as to obtain numerous evidence of the development of writing among the Slavs, supported by a good knowledge of ancient languages. A. Ivanchenko was very scrupulous about the careful selection of artifacts, realizing that science does not tolerate fuss and frivolous fantasies. Considering his work extremely important for the self-consciousness of the Russian people, he wrote:

“I want the Russian reader to think about our common origins and remind him that human genes, passed down from generation to generation, live for thousands of years. But the call of blood, the strongest thing in a person, can be drowned out if we take away from him the historical memory and knowledge accumulated by previous generations. And then the base instincts come to replace spirituality (there is no such place as an empty place), and the human community turns into the worst kind of herds. In a wolf pack, in a pride of lions, or in a bear family, and in general, all animals are dominated by the laws of natural expediency, which, although they are perceived by animals at the level of instincts, these instincts are developed in them under the influence of all the same laws of natural expediency. Therefore, anyone who carefully observed wild animals could not fail to notice that in any of their communities a certain order always reigns, a certain measure is preserved in everything and the established rhythm of life is not violated, as if according to some schedule. Man, unlike animals, must perceive and assimilate everything expedient with his mind. For this, Nature gave him Reason. But the brain cannot function normally without the accumulation and independent comprehension of knowledge, taking into account the experience of previous generations. The latter is especially important, because only in this case is progressive and the only expedient development possible along the path of improving all aspects of being.

The shorter and poorer historical memory people have, the easier it is to force them to accept newly invented institutions and dogmas, because due to the lack of sufficient historical knowledge they cannot compare the innovation with what their ancestors were guided by, whether it was worse or better. And very often, instead of the desired progress, regression begins, a person reinvents the wheel and inevitably repeats all those mistakes, the bitter lessons from which his forefathers have long learned and drawn the appropriate conclusions.

Unfortunately, the issues of linguistics, if they go beyond the traditional generally accepted theory, at all times cause terrible scandals and confrontation, which did not pass even A. Ivanchenko, who still has not even received a line in Wikipedia.

Thus, I have given only a few names of researchers in the history and writing of the Slavs, crossed out from all academic lists. In fact, this list is much richer, and there are different names in it, not only famous, but also quite outstanding:

“At the beginning of the sixth century after Christ, the Slovene name became very widespread; and the power of the whole people, not only in Thrace, in Macedonia, in Istria and Dalmatia, was terrible; but a lot contributed to the destruction of the Roman Empire” (M. Lomonosov).

“... the Slavs of ancient Nestor had a written language, but these have been lost and have not yet been found, and therefore have not reached us. The Slavs had a letter long before the birth of Christ” (Catherine II, a German by birth).

“What is the Slavic language? Bysttvor (history) of the human race. All the peoples of the Light, whether out of simple curiosity, or with the intention to find out the secret structure of their own, native language, and the true meaning of all its words and, let's say, faceted ones, will study it; and many will assimilate and write on it their creations, research, discoveries: and if we do not participate in this global direction towards the development of a “single language”, then everyone will ridicule us, and rightly so” (Platon Lukashevich).

But what can I say, if in the “Pannonian Life” the monk Kirill himself claims that long before “he created the alphabet, he visited the Crimea, Karsun (Chersonesos) and brought back the Gospel and the Psalter set out in Russian letters.” Information about books from Karsun is contained in all 23 lists of the "Life", both East and South Slavic. That is, the “Cyrillic alphabet” existed before its creators, who only had a hand in simplifying it, which, you see, is at least a historical and linguistic incident that screams about its immediate decision.

In conclusion, I note that even now not all historians and linguists who are our contemporaries fell under the influence of generally accepted dogmas, making great efforts to restore our lost self-consciousness. I consider their work extremely important and worthy of all respect, even if Wikipedia labels them as “authors of pseudoscientific historical and linguistic ideas”, as it was done with respect to A. Dragunkin, the author of an original and effective method of teaching English, based on the hypothesis of his origin from Russian.

E. Klassen, ibid.

E. Klassen, ibid.

A. Ivanchenko, In the Ways of a Great Russian, p. 16

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Sayings differ from proverbs in the first place in that there are much more situations for their application. Take, for example, the well-known expression "a mosquito will not undermine the nose." Its meaning can range from "no one will know" to "everything will be fine". Proverbs, on the other hand, necessarily contain a conclusion, and sayings can be used “by the way” and be ambiguous. So, in what cases is it appropriate to use the statement “the less you know, the better you sleep”, and what is meant by this?

What prevents you from sleeping peacefully?

This expression is completely in vain called a proverb, because not a single sane person will accept the words “the less you know, the better you sleep” for direct action. Otherwise, he would have had to give up any knowledge for the sake of healthy sleep. But after all, the multiplication table or the rules of the Russian language are unlikely to bring anyone to insomnia. So what kind of knowledge that interferes with night rest is said in the proverb? For this, it is necessary to turn to explanatory

dictionaries and look up the lexical meaning of the word "know". It seems to everyone so elementary that it never occurs to anyone that there may be some kind of misunderstanding in connection with it. And still. For example, in the dictionary of the 18th century, “to know” had eight meanings, the main of which was the presence of information, news about something. In modern Russian, in the dictionary of Efremova, the verb “know” has five meanings, the first of which means knowledge, the second is awareness, the third is acquaintance with someone, the fourth is experience, the fifth meaning (figurative) is used to guess. So now it’s easy to conclude that the saying “the less you know, the better you sleep” does not call to remain ignoramuses, and it does not speak about scientific knowledge at all, although one of the options for using this expression in its literal sense, but with a touch of irony still exists. This will be the case if suddenly in the lesson one of the students, who, moreover, does not study well, falls asleep. It is in this situation that in the expression “you know less - you sleep better” the verb “know” will be used in the meaning of “possess certain knowledge and skills”.

A dream that is not a dream

Is it always about in this proverb? A person's sleep is disturbed with increased anxiety. And all sorts of guesses, experiences and information lead to it, which lead to suspicion and reflection, even knowing someone can be “dangerous” for sleep. But is this proverb always talking about sleep in the literal sense? When a woman buys an expensive handbag, when asked by a friend about how her husband would react to this waste, she replies: “The less she knows, the better she sleeps.” With this phrase, the lady immediately makes it clear that she will not say anything to her husband. In this case, the saying has a slightly different meaning: the desire to hide some information from a person so that he does not ask unnecessary questions, there is also a clear desire to make a decision on her own, without consulting anyone. But when the seller, changing the expiration date sticker on the cottage cheese package, says: “The less you know, the better you sleep,” then he, at a minimum, goes for forgery, as a result of which, if not a disaster, then a big nuisance. So it is quite possible to assume that someone with this saying goes even to a crime.

According to the head of the State Duma Committee on Culture Grigory Ivliev, in the future, the school day of high school students will be divided into two parts: educational and educational. The study of some subjects is supposed to be abandoned "in favor of the education of patriotism." The discussion of the innovation will take place until February 15, and the idea will be implemented throughout the year.

Two years ago, teachers and parents protested against the introduction of the Unified State Examination (USE) in schools, which destroyed the entire established teaching methodology and the system of criteria by which student achievements were evaluated. Experts complained: stupid and meaningless cramming replaces the assimilation of knowledge, children are weaned from independent thinking, instead of developing it; At the heart of the reform lies distrust and disrespect for the teacher, built into an administrative principle.

Alas, now even this system, in the form in which it has been imposed on us over the past two years, may seem the height of perfection compared to the new education reform being promoted in the State Duma by United Russia deputies. In accordance with the proposed project, the school day in the senior classes will be divided into two parts: educational and upbringing. In other words, under the pretext of fighting for morality, the curriculum will be cut by almost half. Entire areas of study are subject to cancellation. Different sciences are crumpled into a common subject "natural science", replacing systematic education with fragmentary information from different sciences. But half of the time will now be devoted to the lessons of morality and patriotism. How can this be taught? And by what criteria will the result be evaluated? What will happen to students whose patriotism is rated below average? And who will evaluate?

Morality and patriotism are undoubtedly very important, but the fact of the matter is that a society and a state that cannot nurture these qualities in a natural way will not achieve success, no matter how many hours they devote to such classes at school. Although everyone is well aware that the words about morality and patriotism have a specific meaning in the understanding of officials and deputies from United Russia.

By love for the motherland and respect for elders, they understand only obedience and submission to superiors. In other words, to ourselves.

However, this is not enough for deputies: as a mandatory part of the training, it is proposed to take high school students to places of military and labor glory. I wonder where and at whose expense schoolchildren will be taken, say, from Yakutia, where, fortunately, there were no fights with anyone? Apparently, the money in the country has not yet completely run out. It will not be possible to find them for the repair of school buildings and the salary of subject teachers, but for expensive excursions it is easy.

Since specialists in teaching morality and patriotism to schoolchildren are not trained anywhere, such a task will most likely fall on the very officials whom President D. Medvedev is going to cut from the ministries due to lack of money. Funding for schools will also be drastically reduced, but, of course, not at the expense of concern for morality.

From a methodological point of view, the school will be a catastrophe. It just can't be that half of the study time in high school was given to one single subject. Over the past two years, the schedule and program of the senior classes have been radically redrawn in order to ensure the preparation of students for passing the exam. However, now it is precisely this system, built under pressure from officials and deputies who imposed the previous reform on the school, that is once again breaking down - for the sake of introducing something even wilder and more absurd.

In parallel, the Ministry of Education and Science came up with another, no less striking initiative. Schools that train future musicians, ballet dancers, and other similar institutions will be reorganized. According to the plans of officials, children will not be taught from the age of 7, as before, but only from the age of 15. Schools are also deprived of the right to select students. It will be important not who, for example, has an ear for music, but who applied first.

Without waiting for the adoption of such a law, the government has already transferred funding for art schools from the federal budget to the local one. In other words, there will be no money there, and in the future, most of these schools will simply be closed.

Russia, which has long lost the status of a great industrial power, could console itself until recently that our violin school is still the best in the world, “and also in the field of ballet we are ahead of the rest”. Now that won't happen either.

There is no point in talking about the fact that the reform carried out by the Ministry of Education and United Russia deputies is monstrous. This is so obvious that even the officials and functionaries of the "party of power" whom I know, when mentioning such initiatives, hide their faces and begin to make excuses: they say that they personally have nothing to do with this disgrace. But lately, the question of what is going on in the brains of those who develop and adopt such laws has become the most occupied with me. And suddenly I realized that they are guided solely by love for people. After all, they themselves, undoubtedly, found it difficult to study at school, they do not have an ear for music, and someone was probably tormented by their parents with useless activities. They didn’t learn anything at school, they didn’t learn anything, they don’t know anything, they didn’t understand anything, and by and large they don’t understand anything at all. And yet, it is they who have wealth, power, influence. And they are undoubtedly happy - in contrast to scientists struggling in search of funding, specialists who watch with horror the collapse of industries to which they gave their lives, intellectuals who understand where society is heading.

The less you know, the better you sleep, says the well-known proverb. The authors of the "patriotic idea" clearly judge humanity by itself. And they sincerely wish us all a long and pleasant sleep.