Bagritsky Eduard Georgievich
Born: October 22 (November 3), 1895.
Died: February 16, 1934
Biography
Eduard Georgievich Bagritsky (real name - Dzyubin, Dzyuban; October 22 (November 3), 1895, Odessa - February 16, 1934, Moscow) - Russian poet, translator and playwright.
Eduard Bagritsky was born in Odessa into a Jewish family. His father, Godel Moshkovich (Moiseevich) Dzyuban (Dzyubin, 1858-1919), served as a clerk in a ready-made dress shop; mother, Ita Abramovna (Osipovna) Dzyubina (née Shapiro, 1871-1939), was a housewife. In 1905-1910 he studied at the Odessa School of St. Paul, in 1910-1912 - at the Odessa Real School of Zhukovsky on Khersonskaya Street (participated as a designer in the publication of the handwritten journal "Days of Our Life"), in 1913-1915 - in the land surveying school. In 1914 he worked as an editor in the Odessa branch of the St. Petersburg Telegraph Agency (PTA).
The first poems were published in 1913 and 1914 in the almanac "Chords" (No. 1-2, under the pseudonym "Eduard D."). Since 1915, under the pseudonym " Eduard Bagritsky”, “Desi” and the female mask “Nina Voskresenskaya” began to publish in the Odessa literary almanacs “Auto in the Clouds” (1915), “Silver Trumpets” (1915), in the collective collection “Miracle in the Desert” (1917), in the newspaper “ Southern Thought” neo-romantic poems, marked by imitation of N. Gumilyov, R. L. Stevenson, V. Mayakovsky. Soon he became one of the most prominent figures in the group of young Odessa writers who later became major Soviet writers (Yuri Olesha, Ilya Ilf, Valentin Kataev, Lev Slavin, Semyon Kirsanov, Vera Inber). Bagritsky liked to recite his own poems in front of a youth audience:
His arms were half-bent, like a wrestler's, with tensed biceps, his parting was disheveled, and his hair fell on a low forehead, Baudelaire's eyes looked darkly from under his eyebrows, an ominously twisted mouth at the word "laughing" revealed the absence of a front tooth. He looked like a strong man, an athlete. Even a small scar on his muscularly tense cheek - the trace of a child's cut from a piece of window glass - was perceived as a healed wound from a blow from a pirate's sword. Subsequently, I found out that since childhood he has suffered from bronchial asthma and his whole, as it were, gladiatorial appearance is nothing more than a pose that was not easily given.
- V. Kataev. "My diamond crown".
In the spring and summer of 1917 he worked in the police. Since October 1917, he served as a clerk of the 25th medical and writing detachment of the All-Russian Union for Assistance to the Sick and Wounded and participated in the Persian expedition of General Baratov; returned to Odessa in early February 1918. In April 1919, during the Civil War, he volunteered for the Red Army, served in the Special Partisan Detachment of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, after its reorganization - as an instructor in the political department in the Separate Rifle Brigade, wrote propaganda poems. In June 1919 he returned to Odessa, where, together with Valentin Kataev and Yuri Olesha, he worked at the Ukrainian Press Bureau (BUP). From May 1920, as a poet and artist, he worked at YugROSTA (Southern Bureau of the Ukrainian Branch of the Russian Telegraph Agency), together with Yu. Olesha, V. Narbut, S. Bondarin, V. Kataev; was the author of many posters, leaflets and captions to them (in total, about 420 graphic works of the poet have been preserved from 1911 to 1934). He was published in Odessa newspapers and humorous magazines under the pseudonyms “Someone Vasya”, “Nina Voskresenskaya”, “Rabkor Gortsev”.
In August 1923, at the initiative of his friend Ya. M. Belsky, he came to the city of Nikolaev, worked as a secretary of the editorial office of the Krasny Nikolaev newspaper (modern Yuzhnaya Pravda), published poems in this newspaper. He performed at poetry evenings organized by the editors. In October of the same year he returned to Odessa.
In 1925, at the suggestion of Kataev, Bagritsky moved to Moscow, where he became a member of the Pereval literary group, and a year later joined the constructivists. In 1928 he published a collection of poems "Southwest". The second collection, The Winners, appeared in 1932. In 1930 the poet joined the RAPP. He lived in Moscow in the famous "House of Writers' Cooperative" (Kamergersky lane, 2).
From the beginning of 1930, Bagritsky's bronchial asthma worsened - a disease from which he suffered from childhood. He died on February 16, 1934 in Moscow. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Family
Wife (since December 1920) - Lidia Gustavovna Suok, was repressed in 1937 (returned from prison in 1956).
Son - poet Vsevolod Bagritsky, died at the front in 1942.
Creation
Romantic bright poems of Bagritsky are still heard in songs. His books are being reprinted. The poet's work is controversial even at the beginning of the 21st century.
Bagritsky's poem "The Thought about Opanas" shows the tragic confrontation between the Ukrainian village boy Opanas, who dreams of a quiet peasant life in his free Ukraine, and the Jewish commissar Iosif Kogan, who defends the "higher" truth of the world revolution.
In July 1949, during the ideological campaigns (on the “fight against cosmopolitanism”, etc.), the poem was criticized in the Ukrainian Literaturnaya Gazeta for “bourgeois-nationalist tendencies”. "Trends", according to the authors of the editorial, manifested themselves in "distortion of historical truth" and erroneous generalizations in depicting the role of the Ukrainian people, shown exclusively in the image of Opanas, a deserter and bandit, unable to fight for their bright future. It should be noted that the article of the Ukrainian "Literaturnaya Gazeta", first of all, was directed against literary critics V. Azadov, S. Golovanivsky, L. Pervomaisky, and not E. Bagritsky, who had died by that time. A free translation of the article was published in Literaturnaya Gazeta on July 30, 1949.
A brilliant master, gifted with a rare sensual impressionability, Bagritsky accepted the revolution, and his romantic poetry sang the construction of a new world. At the same time, Bagritsky painfully tried to understand for himself the cruelty of the revolutionary ideology and the advent of totalitarianism. In the poem “TVS” written in 1929, the deceased Felix Dzerzhinsky, who appeared to the sick and desperate author, tells him about the coming century: “But if he says:“ Lies ”- lie. But if he says: "Kill" - kill. M. Kuzmin wrote about this poem as something “vague and latent”, which testifies to the veiled meaning of this poem as a protest against the Stalinist punitive regime that was taking shape by that time. About his generation, he wrote not at all "in the Komsomol way": "We are rusty leaves on rusty oaks."
Bagritsky's poem "February" published after the death of the poet still causes a lot of controversy. This is, in a way, the confession of a Jewish youth, a participant in the revolution. Anti-Semitic publicists have repeatedly written that the hero of February, who rapes a prostitute - his gymnasium love, commits, in her person, violence against all of Russia - as revenge for the shame of "homeless ancestors." But the usually cited version of the poem is only about a third of it. This is a poem about a Jewish high school student who became a man during the First World War and the Revolution. At the same time, the “red-haired” beauty, who turned out to be a prostitute, looks suspiciously not Russian, and the gang that the hero of “February” arrests is at least two-thirds Jewish: “Semka Rabinovich, Petka Kambala and Monya Brilliantshchik.”
Bagritsky's love of freedom was most clearly expressed in the cycle of poems written throughout his life dedicated to Til Ulenspiegel, the so-called "Flemish cycle". His friend, the writer Isaac Babel, who died in the Stalinist camps, wrote about him as a "Flemish", and even "the most carnivorous of the Flemings", and also that in the bright future everyone will "consist of Odessans, smart, loyal and cheerful, similar on Bagritsky.
The work of Bagritsky influenced a whole galaxy of poets. “I was terribly fond of Bagritsky in my youth,” admitted Joseph Brodsky, who included him in the list of the closest poets. One of the Moscow streets is named after Bagritsky.
The most famous works
1918, 1926 - "Birdcatcher"
1918, 1922, 1926 - "Til Ulenspiegel"
1926 - "Thought about Opanas"
1927 - "Smugglers". Set to music by Leonid Utyosov, Viktor Berkovsky and other bards.
1927 - "From black bread and a faithful wife" (poem)
1929 - "TVS"
1932 - "Death of a Pioneer"
1932 - "Last Night"
Editions
Southwest. M.-L., "ZiF", MSMXXVIII, circ. 3000 copies 2nd ed. - 1930.
Winners. M.-L., GIHL, 1932. Shooting range. 6000 copies
Last night. M., "Federation", 1932, shooting range. 5200 copies
Selected Poems. M., "Federation", 1932, shooting range. 5000 copies
Sobr. op. in 2 volumes, v. 1, ed. I. Utkina. [Intro. Art. Yu. Sevruka], M., 1938., shooting range. 15,000 copies
Favorites. M.. "Owl. writer", 1948.
Poems, [Intro. Art. and prepare. text Sun. Azarova, grav. E. Burgunker], M.-L., GIHL, 1956.
Poems. "Owls. writer”, 1956. (Library of the poet. Small series.)
Poems and poems. [Intro. Art. I. Grinberg], M., 1958;
Poems and poems, [Introduction. Art. E. P. Lyubareva], M.-L., 1964 (Library of the poet. Large series).
Poems and poems. [Intro. article by I. Volgin], M., Pravda, 1984, shooting range. 200,000.
Bagritsky E. Favorites. M., 1987.
Bagritsky. Poems and poems. Comp. Gleb Morev. [Intro. Art. M. D. Shraer]. New Poet's Library: Small Series. SPb., 2000.
To the cinema
A recording of A. Blok's poem "Commander's Steps" performed by Eduard Bagritsky sounds in Oleg Teptsov's film "Mr. Decorator".
In the film "Wild Dog Dingo" (1962), the main character reads "Death of a Pioneer" at the New Year's Eve school performance, instead of the stated fable "Table and Chair"
Literature
Bespalov I. Poetry of Eduard Bagritsky. - In the book: Bespalov I. Articles about literature. M., 1959
Lezhnev A. Eduard Bagritsky. - In the book: Lezhnev A. Articles about literature. M., 1987
Adamovich G. Eduard Bagritsky and Soviet poetry. - In the book: Adamovich G. From the other side. M., 1996
Edward Bagritsky. Almanac, Ed. V. Narbuta, M., 1936;
Edward Bagritsky. Memoirs of contemporaries. M., 1973;
Grinberg I. I., Eduard Bagritsky, L., 1940;
Antokolsky P., Eduard Bagritsky, in the book Poets and Time. Articles, M., 1957;
Bondarin S., Eduard Bagritsky, "New World", 1961, No 4;
Lyubareva E.P., Eduard Bagritsky. Life and creativity, M., 1964;
Rozhdestvenskaya I. S., Poetry of Eduard Bagritsky, L., 1967.
Shrayer, Maxim D. Russian Poet/Soviet Jew: The Legacy of Eduard Bagritskii. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.
Shrayer, M. D. (Shrayer, Maxim D). The legend and fate of Eduard Bagritsky. Per. from English. A. E. Barzakha. - In the book: Eduard Bagritsky. Poems and poems. Comp. Gleb Morev. New Poet's Library: Small Series. SPb., 2000, pp. 237-274.
P. Barenboim, B. Meshcheryakov, Flanders in Moscow and Odessa: Poet Eduard Bagritskii as the Till Ulenshpiegel of Russian Literature ISBN 978-5-98856-115-6.
Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [transl. with him.]. - M.: RIK "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8.
Nikonov V. A. Eduard Bagritsky. - Ulyanovsk: Strezhen, Branch of the All-Union. United Slave-Cr. Pis. "Pass", 1928. - 31 p. - 150 copies.
Taganrog in literature / Comp. I. M. Bondarenko. - Taganrog: Lukomorye, 2007. - 369 p. - ISBN 978-5-902450-11-5.
The Russian poet Eduard Bagritsky, whose biography will be revealed in this article, after the accomplishment of the Great October Revolution, began to write poems corresponding to this period, and was approved by the new government. His real name is Dzyubin (Dzyuban), and Bagritsky is a creative pseudonym. He died in 1934, at the age of 39. After his death, many believed that he was lucky, because he did not live to see the bloody 1937.
Bagritsky Eduard Georgievich: biography
The future poet was born in 1985 in Odessa in the family of Godel Moshkovich (Moiseevich) Dzyuban, a Jew who worked as a clerk in a clothing store. And his mother, Ita Abramovna Dzyubina (Shapiro), like most Jewish women of that period, was a housewife. At the age of 10, Eduard Bagritsky entered the Odessa School of St. Paul, where he studied until 1910, when he entered the Odessa Real School named after Zhukovsky, which was located on Khersonskaya Street. Here he studied for another 2 years. In parallel with his studies, he was appointed designer in the editorial office of the magazine "Days of Our Life". After graduating from college, he entered the land surveying school, where he attended classes for another 2 years. In 1914, he began working as an editor in the Odessa branch of the St. Petersburg telegraph agency.
The beginning of creative activity
Eduard Bagritsky began writing poetry as a child. However, for the first time his works were published in the almanac "Chords" during his studies at the land surveying school. At this time, he had not yet decided on his creative pseudonym and put the signature "Eduard D." under the poems. In 1915, he began to publish under three names at once: "Nina Voznesenskaya", "Desi" and "Eduard Bagritsky". His poems were published in such Odessa literary almanacs as "Auto in the Clouds", "Silver Pipes", as well as in the collection "Miracle in the Desert".
From time to time they appeared in the newspaper "Southern Thought". These were mostly neo-romantic poems, in which one could feel the imitation of Nikolai Gumilyov, R. Stevenson, Mayakovsky. After some time, all three of his pseudonyms became quite famous in his native city, and when it became clear that the same author was hiding under all three, he became one of the leaders of a group of young writers in Odessa. This circle included Yu. Olesha, I. Ilf, V. Kataev, S. Kirsanov and Vera Inber. They gathered in some mansion and recited their poems. Bagritsky really liked to read his own works in front of young people.
Memories
His friend Kataev later wrote: “The arms of the poet Bagritsky were half-bent, as if he were a fighter, his biceps were strained to the limit. He liked to run his hand through his hair, and as a result he looked disheveled. "Under frowning eyebrows. When reading, his lips twisted ominously. And then it became noticeable that he did not have a front tooth. Bagritsky Eduard looked like a real athlete, a strong man. There was a small scar on his cheek. He gave his face masculinity and evoked romantic thoughts. Many it seemed that this mark on his face was left by some pirate or black knight, while it was just a healed wound from a cut by a window pane. a lot of effort".
Revolution in the life of a poet
A few months before the October Revolution, in the spring of 1917, he got a job in the police, and from October - to serve in the 25th medical-writing detachment as a clerk. In its composition, he participated in the Persian expedition of General Baratov to provide assistance to sick and wounded soldiers.
In February 1918 he returned to Odessa. A year later, he voluntarily joined the Red Army and served in the Civil War in a special partisan detachment. After the reorganization of this military unit, Eduard Bagritsky became an instructor in the political department in a rifle brigade. Here he was able to find application for his talent and began to write propaganda poems. After the end of the war, he again returned to his native city and, having met with his fellow writers, Valentin Kataev and Yuri Olesha, got a job at the Press Bureau of the Ukrainian Republic (BUP), and a year later he and his friends were invited to YugROSTA, where they created revolutionary posters, leaflets, etc.
Continuation of the poet's career
Unlike Moscow, here, in their native city, many knew who Eduard Bagritsky was. His best poems were published in various Odessa newspapers, and humorous rhymes - in almanac magazines. Here he signed as “Someone Vasya”, “Rabkor Gortsev”, and, well, with his former female pseudonym “Nina Voskresenskaya”. Having worked in Odessa until 1923, on the initiative of Ya. M. Belsky, his old friend, he went to Nikolaev. The poet was taken as secretary of the editorial board of the Krasny Nikolaev daily. Here he published his works. The editors of the newspaper often organized poetry evenings at which he recited his poems. However, he also did not stay here for a long time and returned to his hometown in the fall.
In Moscow
In 1925, Bagritsky and Kataev went to Moscow, joined the literary group "Pass", and a year later the poet joined the constructivists. In 1928, he managed to publish a collection of his poems called "South-West", and after 4 years another collection was published - "Winners". Since 1930, Eduard Bagritsky has been a poet who joined the RAPP. He lived in the famous Moscow House of Writers' Cooperative in Kamergersky Lane. In 1930, his illness worsened (bronchial asthma). Perhaps he did not like the Moscow climate. For about four years, doctors treated him with all known methods, but the disease progressed and in 1934 he died. The poet was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Personal life: family
In 1920, Eduard Bagritsky married the eldest daughter of an Austrian emigrant - a music teacher - Gustav Suok, the widow of a military doctor who died during the First World War, Lydia Gustavovna Suok. A friend of her second husband, Valentin Kataev, chose her for the prototype of his heroine - the bird-catcher's wife in the novel "My Diamond Crown". The couple had a daughter who died in infancy, and the son, whom they named Vsevolod, followed in his father's footsteps and also became a poet. He died at the front in 1942.
3 years after the death of her husband, she was repressed, as she tried to stand up for her sister's husband. She spent her term of exile in Karaganda and was celebrated every day at the local NKVD, which, ironically, was located on the street that bore the name of her husband, Eduard Bagritsky. In 1956, the poet's widow returned to Moscow. She died in 1969. She was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery, next to the grave of her husband and the cenotaph of Vsevolod, their son.
Memory and criticism
In the Soviet Union, every schoolchild knew who Eduard Bagritsky was. His poem "The Death of a Pioneer", which was published in school textbooks, was memorized. Music was written for some poems, and they became songs that the whole country also knew and sang. His writings have occasionally been the subject of controversy among literary critics. Especially his poem "The Thought about Opanas", which shows the tragic struggle of a simple village boy from Ukraine Opanas, who is satisfied with the quiet, most ordinary village life, and the commissar Joseph Kogan, who defends the "higher" truth of revolutionary ideas.
Some critics of the post-war period criticized the poet for his "bourgeois-nationalist tendencies". Opanas was a deserter and a bandit who did not want to fight for a brighter future. However, as it was known, Bagritsky was one of those poets who accepted the revolution and began to sing about the construction of a socialist society. Some critics saw behind his romantic poetry veiled anti-revolutionary ideas and disagreement with Stalin's punitive regime, which became more obvious every day. That is why it was later said that "Bagritsky had the good fortune to die on time." The punishing hand of justice did not reach him. After all, his line about his generation could be interpreted in a completely different way: "We are rusty leaves growing on rusty oaks." What is the reason for the arrest?
Poem "February"
This work of the poet was published after his death. It caused a lot of controversy. At its core, this is the confession of a Jewish youth who took part in the revolution. The hero of "February" rapes a prostitute who was once his high school love. Critics believed that in her person the Jew commits violence against all of Russia. According to another interpretation, the red-haired schoolgirl is not Russian at all, the gang the hero fights against consists of his relatives: Semka Rabinovich, Petka Kambala and Monya Brilliantshchik. Regardless of the opinion of some critics, Bagritsky, nevertheless, became the inspiration for many young poets, and Brodsky considered him one of the poets closest to him in spirit.
Bagritsky, Eduard Georgievich- Eduard Georgievich Bagritsky. BAGRITSKY (real name Dzyubin) Eduard Georgievich (1895-1934), Russian poet. In poems imbued with romantic pathos (collections South West, 1928, Winners, 1932) and poems (Duma about Opanas, 1926, ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (real name Dzyubin) (1895 1934), Russian poet. Poetry imbued with the romantic pathos of rebellion, anarchist freedom, strong people, the elements of the Civil War, the drama of social and moral conflicts born of the revolution ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
- (1897) poet. He began to print shortly before the revolution, in Odessa. He spent the years of the civil war at the front, in the Red Army. He published his first book of poems in 1928 (by the publishing house ZIF "South West"). Included in the group of constructivists (see). His … Big biographical encyclopedia
Bagritsky (pseudonym; real name Dzyubin) Eduard Georgievich, Russian Soviet poet. From 1915 he was published in Odessa almanacs. In 1919 he was a fighter of the Special Partisan Detachment. All-Russian Central Executive Committee, wrote ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
BAGRITSKY (real name Dzyubin) Eduard Georgievich (1895 1934) Russian poet. In the poems, imbued with romantic pathos of the heroic of the Civil War, the drama of the social and moral conflicts born by the revolution. Dum's poems about Opanas ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
BAGRITSKY Eduard Georgievich- BAGRITSKY (real name Dzyubin) Eduard Georgievich (1895-1934), Russian Soviet poet. The poems "The Thought about Opanas" (1926), "The Last Night", "The Man of the Suburb", "The Death of a Pioneer" (all - 1932), "February" (1933-34, publ. 1936). Sat… … Literary Encyclopedic Dictionary
E. G. Bagritsky ... Collier Encyclopedia
- (real name Dzyubin; 1895–1934) - Russian. poet. Genus. in a bourgeois Jewish family. In 1918, 25 was published in Odessa newspapers and satirical. magazines. Published collections of poems "South West" (1928), "Winners" (1932), "Last Night" (1932). The author of the opera ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Nicknames
(his real name is Dzyuban (Dzyubin)) is a Russian poet, playwright and translator. He was born in Odessa. His family was Jewish, bourgeois. It had strong religious traditions. Eduard Bagritsky, whose photo you will find in this article, studied in 1905-10 at the Odessa School of St. Paul. After that, he continued his education in 1910-12, located on Khersonskaya Street (Odessa), a real school named after. Zhukovsky. As a designer, Eduard participated in the publication of a magazine called "Days of Our Life". Then, in 1913-15, the future poet studied at a land surveying school, but he never worked by profession.
Entry into literature
Eduard Bagritsky began to publish poetry in 1915. And not under his own name. He immediately took the pseudonym Bagritsky. In addition, he was also known under a female mask, signing his compositions "Nina Voskresenskaya". His works were first published in Odessa literary almanacs. Edward soon became one of the most prominent figures among the young writers of Odessa, who later became major writers (Yuri Olesha, Valentin Kataev, Ilya Ilf, Semyon Kirsanov, Lev Slavin, Vera Inber).
Entry into the Red Army, work in Odessa
During the Civil War (in 1918) he volunteered for the Red Army. Eduard worked in a special partisan detachment. All-Russian Central Executive Committee, in the political department. He wrote propaganda poems. After the war, Edward worked in Odessa. Here he began to collaborate as an artist and poet in YugROSTA together with V. Narbut, Yu. Olesha, V. Kataev, S. Bondarin. Eduard Bagritsky published in various Odessa newspapers, as well as humorous magazines. He was known under the pseudonyms "Rabkor Gortsev", "Nina Voskresenskaya" and "Someone Vasya".
Moving to Moscow, the appearance of the first collections of poems
Bagritsky arrived in Moscow in 1925. He became a member of "Pass", a well-known literary group. A year later, Edward decided to join the constructivists.
The first collection of his poems was published in 1928 ("Southwest"). "Southwest" was published in 1928. Most of the poems from this collection were written and published for the first time in Odessa: "Autumn", "Watermelon", "Til Ulenspiegel". This book includes Bagritsky's famous poem "The Thought about Opanas", as well as his most famous poem "Smugglers". The next collection, Winners, was published in 1932. At the same time, the book "The Last Night" was also published. The poet joined the RAPP in 1930. He lived in Moscow, in the "House of Writers' Cooperative" at Kamergersky lane, house 2.
"Thought about Opasana"
His poem "The Thought about Opanas" shows the tragic confrontation between Opanas, a village boy from Ukraine, who dreams of a quiet peasant life in his homeland; and Iosif Kogan, a Jewish commissar who upheld the "higher" truth and value of the world revolution. It should be noted, however, that already after the death of Edward, during the period this poem was declared a "Zionist work" in an article dated July 30, 1949, published in the Literary Gazette. The "Duma about Opanas" was also characterized as a slander against the Ukrainian people.
Personal qualities of the poet
Eduard Bagritsky was very erudite. There were even legends about it. the poet kept many poetic lines. His wit knew no bounds, and kindness warmed more than one poet in the 1920s and 1930s. Bagritsky was one of the first to note the talent of the young L. Oshanin, Dm. Kedrin, A. Tvardovsky. Aspiring poets literally rushed to him with a request to listen and evaluate their works.
Bagritsky-translator
Eduard Bagritsky was not only an excellent poet. He can also be called a brilliant translator of Walter Scott and Thomas Good, Nazim Hikmet and Joe Hill, Vladimir Sosyura and Mikola Bazhan, Robert Burns.
Reflection in the work of attitudes towards communism
Bagritsky is a master who was gifted with a rare impressionability. He accepted the revolution. The romantic poetry of Bagritsky glorified the construction of communism. At the same time, Edward painfully tried to justify in his own eyes the cruelty of the ideology of the revolutionaries, as well as the advent of totalitarianism. In 1929 he wrote the poem "TVS". In it, the late Felix Dzerzhinsky appeared to the desperate and sick author, who remarked about the coming century that if he says "lie", you should do it. And if it is said to kill, then this must be done.
Last years of life, Bagritsky's funeral
Bagritsky's asthma worsened from the beginning of 1930. He suffered from this disease since childhood. In 1934, on February 16, he died in Moscow, suffering from pneumonia for the fourth time. The poet was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. A squadron of young cavalrymen followed his coffin with sabers drawn.
Poem "February"
The poem "February", published after the death of Eduard Bagritsky, still causes a lot of controversy. This, one might say, is the confession of a Jewish youth who was a participant in the revolution. Anti-Semitic publicists repeatedly wrote that the hero of the poem, raping a prostitute, who was his gymnasium love, in her face commits violence against all of Russia, thereby avenging the shame of his "homeless ancestors." However, the usually cited version of the poem is about a third of its part. This work is about a Jewish high school student who became a man after going through the First World War and revolution. The gang arrested by the protagonist also consists of at least two-thirds of the Jews. This is evidenced by the names of its participants - Petka Kambala, Semka Rabinovich and Monya Brilliantshchik.
The fate of the wife and son of Eduard Bagritsky
Eduard Bagritsky married in 1920. His personal life is limited to one marriage. Edward lived with Lydia Gustavovna Suok until his death. The poet's widow was repressed in 1937. She returned from prison only in 1956. Vsevolod, son of Edward, died in 1942 at the front.
This is just the basic information about such an interesting poet as Eduard Bagritsky. The biography summarized in this article gives only a general idea of him. The rest will be told by his poems, which we recommend referring to.
