Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky, the great Russian thinker and literary critic of the 19th century, argued: “Nature creates a person, but develops and forms his society.”
To begin with, I will give definitions to the concepts of society and nature, and establish a connection between them. Nature is the whole world. And society is a distance from nature, but a part of the world closely connected with it, including the ways of interaction between people and the forms of their organization. The definition itself indicates such a relationship between society and nature that the former was previously included in the latter. At the same time, man is inseparable from nature and society, but is only a part of them.
Therefore, it is difficult to disagree with the statement of VG Belinsky on this matter.
Indeed, man as a being is created by nature, and his consciousness and thinking is formed in society. In this statement, the author poses the problem of the dual nature of man: his biological and social essence.
The biological essence of a person lies in the fact that he has instincts (self-preservation, etc.), reflexes, he needs to satisfy his natural needs (sleep, food). The social nature of a person can be "revealed" only in the process of life in society, which is not possible without socialization - the assimilation of social norms and rules, the acquisition of social experience with the help of various agents of socialization - the family, school, and the immediate environment. It is in the process of socialization that a person becomes a personality, that is, the subject of sociocultural relations. Important social traits of a person are intellect, the ability for complex emotions, and speech.
We can divide social essence into primary and secondary. The primary social essence occurs at the earliest stages of a person's life: in early childhood. Both the family, relatives, close society, and various preschool educational institutions (for example, kindergartens, circles, etc.) can act as agents of the primary social entity. In the course of the primary social entity, a person masters basic social skills, gains the first experience of the simplest form of work. It is generally accepted that a person enters a secondary social entity when he goes to school. That is, according to social scientists, the school is the main institution of secondary socialization. Among other institutions, we can include higher educational institutions, the army, and so on. The main distinguishing features of socialization at both stages can be attributed to the acquisition of new experience, the development of new social statuses, the acquisition of new skills and knowledge. The process of socialization is simply impossible in isolation from society, as this contradicts its essence. This means that we can confidently assert that it is society that “develops and forms” a person. As the German poet Johannes Becher said about socialization: "A person becomes a person only among people."
In the process of interaction with society, under its influence, even the most natural, physiological problems are socialized. Even such a simple and natural process as eating people have turned into a ritual. For example, in many families this is an occasion to get together, and the food itself is sometimes more like a work of art than just a product to satisfy hunger.
From birth, I was surrounded by parents who gave me the basic skills, knowledge and skills necessary for life.
After some time, I ended up in another society - a kindergarten, where I received communication skills with peers. Then a school, a college, and later an institute and a job were waiting for me.
Every year I gained more and more knowledge and experience, I developed, I develop and I will develop becoming an individual and a personality.In the future, I will help children develop and become an individual personality.
Thus, we can conclude that a person, being born into the world no more than a typical representative of his biological species, under the influence of society becomes a full-fledged personality. That is, only in the course of socialization does society “form and develop” a person.
All essences containing nature,
I was her mouth and mind;
I read all the characters in it, all the letters,
And I spoke to God for her...
She, mute, only felt
And I alone possessed two gifts:
In his mouth he carried the diamond of the living word,
And in the head a ray of eternal truths, a thought! ..
I comprehended the incomprehensibility of time
And penetrated all the essence of things,
And embraced space with consciousness...
I drowned in the harmony of the universe
And reflected the universe in itself.
Nature! Man is your creation
and this honor will not be taken away from you,
but put on his feet from all fours
and labor made the ancestor man.
Labor ... Is there anything more stubborn and winged!
Mountains are obedient to people, rivers are furious.
Who in our working age with difficulty in discord,
even now he is not a man for us.
An essay that I demonstrate as an example in preparation for the exam. This essay was rated by experts at 4 points. Therefore, it can serve as a model when writing this assignment.
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“An essay on the topic “A person can do without much. But not without a person "(L. Berne)"
Essay on the topic “A person can do without much. But not without a person ”(L. Berne)
The author in his statement considers the problem of human communication. I fully agree with the author's opinion, since I believe that the social principle in a person will be formed only in society, through communication and interaction with other people.
A human being is a biosocial, biological principle that can develop outside of society. For example, in India, Dr. Singh found two girls who grew up among wolves, they survived, but when he returned them to society, they were able to become real people. The social principle can develop only in society, in the process of socialization. Human communication plays an important role in the socialization of the individual. After all, communication is the exchange of information, feelings and emotions. Communication helps the development of interpersonal relationships, the transfer of experience from the older to the younger generation, helps to implement joint activities. A person has many needs. A need is a person's perceived need for something. So one of the main needs is the social need, which implies the communication and social interaction of people. Daniel Defoe in the work "Robinson Crusoe" vividly described the whole tragedy of Robinson, when his dog died of old age, which served as an illusory partner in communication. And when he saves Friday, the first thing he teaches him is his speech.
From all of the above, I come to the conclusion that a person can do without comfort, expensive things and objects, but without a person, I think, he will never be able to. All this can be explained, in my opinion, by the fact that man is not only a social being, but also a spiritual one. He feels the need for love, friendship, care, communication with other people.
Essay
“Man is unthinkable outside of society” L.N. Tolstoy.
L.N. Tolstoy is a great Russian writer of the second half of the 19th century. His work amazes with philosophical thoughts.
"Man is unthinkable outside of society" - how to understand this?
Man is a biosocial being, possessing thinking, articulate speech, the ability to create tools and use them in the process of social labor, embodying high moral and intellectual properties.
The definition itself shows us that a person is firmly connected with society, which helps him become a person and defend his individuality.
Society is a part of the material world isolated from nature, but closely connected with it, consisting of individuals of people with will, consciousness, including ways of interacting people and forming associations. There is also socialization here, i.e. the process of assimilation by a person of a certain system of knowledge, norms. Values that allow him to function as a full member of society.
From the moment of birth, a child enters not only the natural and social environment, which prepares him for further independent life, starting from the formation of the most elementary functions: nutrition, movement.
Society contains meaning, reason, will. It is legitimate, it concentrates the essence of human existence: everything that distinguishes a person from a pure natural being and reveals his rational and spiritual nature, it forms a human personality.
It is laid down by nature, so that a person interacts with his own kind. A person from the moment of his appearance cannot exist outside of social ties and relations. The main significance of society lies in the fact that within its framework the survival of the human race, the vital activity of people are ensured reliably and more efficiently than in the isolated existence of each person.
Higher security of life support forced our ancestors to live together. In the era of traditional society, people were collectively engaged in agriculture, gathering, and cattle breeding. Then handicrafts were added to this activity, a person began to engage in creativity, and thus existence continues up to the present. Among the spiritual trials in Japan, there is the “morito” system - placing a person for a week in a cave and a strict ban on talking even with oneself. According to the testimonies of those who passed this test, the thirst for communication by the end of isolation became simply unbearable, a further meeting with a loved one brought the most acute joy to the hermit.
Hence the conclusion that the attraction of a person and establishing contact with other people is a social need.
In the era of information and computer technologies, a person is increasingly immersed in communication. He draws from it important and significant information for himself, which makes him smarter and more readable, helps to realize himself in life and work, to apply knowledge for the benefit and development of society.
Communication is the basis of society when people understand each other, cooperate and implement various projects.
I agree with Leo Tolstoy's statement that "Man is not conceivable outside of society."
Essay
“All our theories are nothing more than a generalization of the experience of observed facts” V.A. Ambartsumyan
Suggested statements by V.A. I would like to consider Ambarutsyan from a philosophical point of view. The meaning of the statement contains such categories as the generalization of experience and the observation of facts in scientific knowledge.
The need for knowledge is one of the characteristics of a person.
Gnoseology is the science of knowledge. To this day there is a dispute between rationalists and sensualists. What knowledge is more important? sensual or rational?
Sensualists believe that knowledge is obtained through sensory experience and the mind is secondary.
Rationalists believe. that a person has reason and reason, which means he can establish connections, give concepts and judgments about objects and phenomena, and draw conclusions.
Rationalists believe that feelings can deceive a person.
At the empirical level, a person can feel and imagine, represent. At the rational stage of cognition, a person can already establish connections between objects and phenomena.
This is where deduction comes in.
I believe that the use of sensory and rational knowledge leads to absolute truth.
For example, the scientist Pasteur for a long time could not understand how cows become infected with anthrax. He began the study by observing that the field on which the animals graze, the grass is yellow in color. He began to study and observe.
Pasteur concluded that earthworms are carriers of anthrax.
They bring the anthrax spores out of the ground. And thus he learned how animals contract disease.
Thus, using sensory and rational knowledge, he revealed the fact of infection with the disease.
For example, the engineer scientist Siemens argued that it is impossible for a person to fly like a bird into the sky, knowing Newton's laws.
On the other hand, the scientist Siemens tried to use various logical, mathematical and philosophical methods.
And he came to the opening.
Even pure theories can give rise to new discoveries.
Thus, scientific knowledge is the work of thought using different methods.
The question of what a person is worries both great thinkers and a simple citizen of the world. Man is in the center of the Universe and controls the world, or is he just a small grain of sand in a series of cosmic accomplishments? Each religion is repelled by who a person is and what is his main purpose.
The main world religions agree that a person comes into this world with a destiny already written. A person must live a worthy life in the service of the Creator and deserve Paradise in eternal life. On his earthly path there are many trials that
He must endure with honor and dignity, not cursing God and people, but taking it for granted.
Yes, on the one hand, a person is different from everything else. He has a mind, he is capable of great things. But, on the other hand, sometimes we are surrounded by people who cannot even be called people. These are scoundrels who sold their souls to the devil and are ready to do anything for money or alcohol, or for pleasure. There is nothing sacred or valuable left for them. They can easily injure or kill their own kind.
It becomes scary to live when you see and hear what is happening around. Parents kill their own children and children kill adults
Which somehow did not suit them or simply fell under a hot hand. Mom banned the computer, her son kills her, the teacher put "4" (note: it's not even "2") - the student was offended and killed him. It's scary!
But why are some people kind and disinterested, ready to give their last to those in need, while others, regardless of material wealth, feel sorry for the snow in winter. Why are there calm, smiling, and there are aggressive. You can, of course, blame everything on temperament. But let's not forget our society. We do not live in a forest or on a desert island. We exist in close mutual contact. The child is brought up in a family where, first of all, his formation as a person takes place.
Once Maxim Gorky said one phrase, the meaning of which is that a person who does not know how to hate cannot sincerely love. Of course he's right. The man is far from perfect. It combines both good and bad, which are constantly fighting in his soul. Therefore, man is a unique being created by God. Yes, at birth he was destined for fate. But no one has yet learned to recognize their fate.
A small child does not realize that he is destined in life: to become a good doctor and save lives or a drug addict who destroys himself and his loved ones. The Creator does not doom a person to an unhappy fate. On the contrary, it gives him the right to choose. A person, in accordance with his upbringing, worldview, education, chooses his own path. And it depends only on him where this path will lead.
A child at the moment of birth is not a person, but only a candidate for a person. A. Pieron.
Mini essay on the topic Human
Often people say to a master who has done a good job: "Yes, you just have golden hands! Thank you very much." They probably don't mean that his hands are made of gold. But then why? Every person has an interest and talent in something. By developing it, he can do something better than others, but to achieve true mastery, you need to make a lot of effort. Then people will know that if they need help, they can turn to him for it, and the master will do it best of all. So they value it like gold... A person who has at least a mountain of this precious metal, but who knows nothing, cannot be useful to others, since he lives only for his own benefit. They say you can look at 3 things forever. One of them is how the master works. And it really is! After all, watching him, you cannot tear yourself away from the deft movements of your hands, in which the outlines of his work appear. It deserves to be called "golden hands"
