Victory Day! So much in these words. They contain the bitterness of tears and losses, they contain the joy of meetings and achievements. After all, the events of those terrible years touched every family, every person. And even though many years separate us from that Great Victory, every year at the beginning of May, all Russians with respect and awe remember the feat of their fathers and grandfathers. Let's remember how it all began and how the traditions of celebrating May 9 have changed over half a century.

For all residents of Russia and the countries of the former Soviet Union, one of the most important holidays is May 9 - Victory Day is celebrated by everyone, regardless of age and social status. Fortunately, many of us do not know the horrors of war, the hardships and troubles that people who went through the nightmare of the war years had to endure. But we are well aware that this happiness is due precisely to those fighters who did not return from the battlefield, as well as to the heroes who worthily reached the glorious Victory Day.

History of Victory

Soviet troops marched for four years to the day of victory over fascism. Four years that went down in history as the greatest feat of ordinary soldiers and officers, children and teenagers, old people and women who literally pulled out their right to a happy peaceful life with their teeth. And not only your life, but also your children, grandchildren, that is, our peaceful life with you. And it is impossible to forget this feat.

Raising the flag over the Reichstag

And the most joyful, unforgettable event, of course, was and always will be Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War.

It was Victory Day that marked the complete surrender of the Nazi troops. But this event was preceded by other equally important stages of surrender.

By the end of April, Soviet troops came close to Berlin, where they met with fierce resistance. Preliminary negotiations on May 1 on complete surrender did not produce results, which led to the assault on the central part of the city and the battles for the main office. Despite heavy fighting, on May 2, the flag was raised over the Reichstag by Soviet soldiers. By 3 p.m. after the German propaganda deputy spoke on the radio, the remnants of the German garrison laid down their arms and surrendered. This is how Berlin capitulated, but it was not yet a Victory.

The act of complete surrender was signed only five days later, which the German command agreed to because of the senselessness of continuing hostilities. Early in the morning of May 7, the document is signed by all parties to the military conflict. But General Ivan Susloparov, speaking on behalf of the Soviet command, did not have Moscow's permission to approve such historical documents.

Therefore, it was decided to sign the second act, but already by authorized persons of all parties. The document having all legal rights is signed on the Central European time on May 8 at 22 hours 43 minutes, which corresponds to 0 hours 43 minutes on May 9 Moscow time.

It was this document that proclaimed the complete surrender of Germany.

history of the holiday

On the morning of May 9, Stalin signs the Decree of the Commander-in-Chief, in which May 9 is proclaimed Victory Day.

The first celebration in 1945 was remembered for the grandiose salute. And the Victory Parade in honor of the end of the war was held in Moscow on June 24.

However, the solemn celebration of May 9 lasted only three years. In 1948, the holiday was abolished. Either in this way they wanted to heal the wounds of the terrible war years, or Stalin did not like it that the people associated the holiday with Marshal of Victory Zhukov.

Nevertheless, the holiday has lost that solemnity and loftiness that was originally invested in it.

Literally before the beginning of Brezhnev's rule, Victory Day was a working day and was marked by salutes and the standard 30 volleys from artillery pieces.

Under Brezhnev, the approach to celebrating Victory Day changed dramatically. Since 1965, the holiday has been declared a day off again and the tradition of holding military parades has returned. The scale of solemnity of the events held increased every year.

After the collapse of the Union, against the backdrop of political instability, the holiday was simply ignored for several years in terms of holding festive and traditional events. And only in 1995, the tradition of holding parades and processions on Victory Day was revived again. But literally until 2008, military equipment did not participate in such parades.

One holiday - different dates

If in Russia and the countries of the former Soviet Union Victory Day is unconditionally perceived as May 9, then in European countries it is customary to celebrate the holiday on May 8. This is due not so much to the confusion of dates as to the time difference when the German Surrender Act was signed. According to the time in Europe, the event happened on the night of May 8th.

Signing the act of surrender

The UN also made its contribution, which, by its resolution adopted in 2004, recommended that the participating countries celebrate the Day of Remembrance for the victims of the Second World War.

Therefore, in Europe, the holiday is celebrated in many countries on May 8, and it has a more tragic than joyful coloring.

Unfortunately, in the Baltic countries, in Ukraine, where the vision of many historical events has radically changed recently, decisions were made at the government level to postpone and rename the holiday. But, as life shows, folk traditions and memory are much stronger, and many people, as before, try to celebrate Victory Day according to the date set by their ancestors.

Celebration traditions

Today May 9 is one of the brightest and largest holidays in Russia. The celebration is held in all major cities and small towns of the country. Music of the war years and military themes plays everywhere, people take to the streets to lay flowers at monuments, graves, and also congratulate veterans. But for the front-line soldiers, of whom there are only a few, it is also a day of bitterness, a day of remembrance of the horrors suffered and the dead comrades.

Parade in honor of Victory Day

Various units of the army, as well as modern military equipment, walk along the main square of the country and in large hero cities. Be sure to take part in the parade and aviation. War veterans, representatives of the government of the state, as well as guests of the country are present at the parade as guests of honor.

Laying flowers and a moment of silence

Each city has its own places of military glory.

It is to such memorials and monuments, monuments and burials, monuments to the Unknown Soldier and the Eternal Flame, other historical and memorable places that people go all day long to bow and lay flowers, wreaths, baskets. During the solemn laying ceremony, the event is accompanied by a minute of silence. This is a tribute and honor to those heroes who laid down their lives for the sake of peace, for the sake of Victory.

This is a young tradition, which in just a couple of years has spread not only to all cities of Russia, but has also gained recognition in many countries of the world.

Millions of children and grandchildren take to the streets of cities with portraits of their fathers, grandfathers, great-grandfathers, who were directly involved in the approach of the Great Victory. A real “immortal regiment” passes through the streets, since in our memory these heroes will always be alive.

Action on Victory Day “I remember! I'm proud!" appeared back in 2005. This motto does not require any special explanation, and the St. George or Guards Ribbon became the symbol of the action.

To remind the younger generation of the valiant feat of our ancestors, this tradition appeared to tie a ribbon on Victory Day. But attacks by some states on this harmless attribute unwittingly made the St. George ribbon a real symbol of victory.

Firework

In the evening, after the main festive events in large cities, a large-scale festive fireworks display is mandatory.

Hundreds, thousands of balls are raised up, which crumble into millions of sparks, illuminating the sky above the cities and creating an unforgettable sight. Volleys are fired from special artillery pieces. It is this event that creates a genuinely unique feeling of unity, a feeling of gratitude that inevitably awakens in the hearts of people during the Volleys of Victory.

Congratulations

Dear veterans, all our words and congratulations on Victory Day are intended for you. We bow at your feet and thank you for our peaceful sky. We wish you good health and peace of mind. And we promise that we will do everything so that our children and grandchildren remember this day and never know the horrors of war.

May 9 is a day of sorrow and a day of joy. We mourn for the dead, for those who sacrificed their lives for our well-being. We rejoice in the Victory, the greatest victory of good over evil, faith in life over fascism, good over the "black plague". Indeed, on that distant spring day, something happened that millions of people went to for four years, suffering losses, suffering from grief. And today we rejoice in our victory, we are proud that we are followers of the great winners.

Tears and joy in our eyes

There is simply no more joyful holiday.

Flowers for veterans in our hands,

Thank you for a trouble free life.

There will be fireworks today

With victory, - everyone repeats,

With pride in the eternal regiment we go,

The pain will not subside, but our memory is alive,

She gets stronger with age.

How much trouble that war brought

What a blessing that the victory was ours.

Many days, minutes, years.

Victory was brought as close as possible.

And now the trouble has receded forever,

Everyone rejoiced and rejoiced.

Congratulations today to those who survived

We bow our knees before you

And remember the dead, and be silent,

Swallowing tears of bitterness.

We will say thank you for a world without war,

Thank you all for the victory

Thanks to all those who did not return from the war,

Thank you father and grandfather.

Larisa, April 27, 2017.

From 13:00

At 18:55 19:00.

AT 22:00

AT 16.20

With 18:00 before 21:00

10:00

From 13:00 to 15:00 .

19:00 - 22:00

action "Light of memory" 20:55 .

theatre square

09:00 from 10:00 to 11:00

11:20 - 14:00

15:00 - 16:30

16:30 - 18:30

18:30 - 19:00

19:05 - 20:20

20.20 - 21.45 - concert program.

Triumfalnaya Square

At 15:30

May 9 from 13:00

Pushkin Square

May 8 at 9:30

At 10:00

May 9 at 10:00.

At a music concert May 8

May 9 At 12:40 at 14:30 at 16:30

May 9 at 18:55-19:01

At 19:01 until 22:00.

May 8 from 14:30 to 22.00
May 9 from 18:55 to 22.00
May 8 from 15.00 to 17.00 there will be a gala concert

In the evening May 8 from 20:30 to 22:00

May 9

Strastnoy boulevard

May 8 at 14:00 - 15:00 16:00 - 17:00 17:00 - 21:00

May 9 at 14:00 - 15:00- creative meeting with theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR Sergei Shakurov.

16:00 - 17:00

18:00 - 19:00 19:00 - 22:00 -

boulevard ring

At 12:00 AT 13:00

AT 13:00

At 14:30

15:00

At 17:30

Chistoprudny boulevard.

AT 14:00

At 14:30

19:00 to 20:00

May 9 at 13:00

by 10:00

AT 13:00

13:20 - 14:00
14:00 - 14:30
14:30 - 15:00
15:00 - 15:30
15:30 - 16:00
16:00 - 16:30
16:30 - 17:00
17:00 - 17:30
17:30 - 18:00
18:00 - 18:30 - singer Sergey Volny
18:30 - 18:55
19:00 - 19:30
19:30 - 20:00
20.00 - 20.30
20.30 - 21.00
21.00 - 22.00

May 8 at 21:00 at 13:00. at 22:00

Sites in Moscow districts

.YuZAO, Vorontsovsky park
.CJSC, st. Yartsevskaya, 21

.SAO, Northern River Station
.SVAO, Cosmonauts Alley
.ZelAO, Central square

13:00 to 22:00 at 16:00

May 9

SEC "European"

The most detailed poster of the celebration of Victory Day on May 8 and 9 on the website: www.mos.ru/9may/

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On May 8 and 9, about 600 festive events will take place in Moscow in honor of the 71st anniversary of the end of the Great Patriotic War. The large-scale program will cover 68 sites located on the territory of all metropolitan districts.

The leitmotif of the program dedicated to the Victory Day in 2016 was the preservation of traditions and the history of military music that inspired victories. Two more key themes are cinema and literature about the heroic deeds of the Soviet people. Spectators are waiting for numerous concerts, theatrical performances, literary readings, costume balls, film screenings. Exhibitions of historical photography, special photo zones and photo booths will open in the center of Moscow. There will be recreation areas for veterans and field kitchens in the tradition of the war years.

For those who still have not decided what to do on holidays in Moscow, we publish the full program of events.

May 9 celebration program will start from Victory Parade on Red Square, from 10:00 it will be broadcast on large screens on Poklonnaya Gora, Patriarch's Ponds, Teatralnaya, Triumfalnaya and Pushkinskaya Squares, and the parade can also be seen on TV on the country's main channels.

From 13:00- the beginning of the city-wide celebratory program.

At 18:55 Muscovites and guests of the city, together with the whole country, will honor the memory of those who died in battles against fascism with a minute of silence. The citywide program of evening concerts will begin at 19:00.

AT 22:00 festive fireworks will be held from 16 fireworks sites and 20 points in Moscow parks of culture and recreation.
On May 9, a procession of the "Immortal Regiment" will take place in Moscow and other cities of the country

Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill

AT 16.20 On May 8, a joint team of the Cavalry Honorary Escort of the Presidential Regiment and the Kremlin Riding School will hold a Cavalry Parade along the Alley of Peace and show demonstration performances of horsemen at the entrance square.

With 18:00 before 21:00 a musical festive program will take place on the large stage area on the Main Alley.

The May 9 holiday on Poklonnaya Hill will begin at 10:00 from the live broadcast of the Victory Parade on Red Square.

From 13:00 to 15:00, the audience is waiting for the concert of the Mariinsky Theater Symphony Orchestra, which will take place as part of the "Easter Festival". Conductor and artistic director of the orchestra -.

19:00 - 22:00 - a big festive concert-shooting of the TVC channel, in which the ensemble "Cossacks of Russia" will take part, the Russian Folk Choir. Pyatnitsky, folklore theater "Russian Song" under the direction of Nadezhda Babkina, People's Artist of Russia Lyudmila Ryumina, popular performers Igor Sarukhanov, Renat Ibragimov, Iosif Kobzon, Stas Piekha, Diana Gurtskaya, Olga Kormukhina, Gleb Matveychuk, Marina Devyatova, Elena Maksimova, Tatyana Ovsienko other. The hosts of the concert are theater and film actors Dmitry Dyuzhev, Anastasia Makeeva, Yegor Beroev, Ksenia Alferova, Anatoly Bely, Ekaterina Guseva. 70 veterans of the Great Patriotic War received special invitations to this event.

The culmination of the gala concert will be action "Light of memory": Viewers will receive 12,000 interactive bracelets that will change color synchronously along with a 14-meter construction symbolizing a flower and an eternal flame. The light show will be accompanied by reading poems and letters from the front. Promotion starts at 20:55 .

theatre square

Theater Square will traditionally become the main meeting place for veterans of the Great Patriotic War; comfortable recreation areas will be equipped for them. AT 09:00 music will begin to sound over the square, and from 10:00 to 11:00 on the big screen you can see the live broadcast of the Victory Parade.

11:20 - 14:00 - performances by propaganda teams, an interactive dance program with the involvement of the audience, a musical performance "By the Roads of War" with the participation of the show ballet "Likk" and the Classy Jazz group, performances by the dance ensembles "Katyusha" and "Brothers".

15:00 - 16:30 - a concert in which Honored Artist of Russia Irina Savitskaya, singer and composer Yuri Bogorodsky, soloists of the Moscow Musical Theater Vitaly Chirva and Evgeny Valts, participant of the Voice program Marie Carne, pop singer Artur Best, group "Five" from the soloists of the Sretensky choir will take part monastery.

16:30 - 18:30 - festive concert program "Crystal stars - to the Great Victory!". Iosif Kobzon, an orchestra of cadets of the military institute of the Military University, as well as participants in the All-Russian festival-competition "Crystal Stars" for gifted children from families of law enforcement officers will perform before the audience. Young artists will come from Tver, Lipetsk, Bryansk, Kaluga, Sverdlovsk and Tula regions, as well as from Buryatia, North Ossetia and even Chukotka. The hosts of the concert are Elza Yusupova (Republic of Tatarstan) and Ivan Dyatlov (Ivanovo region).

18:30 - 19:00 - continuation of the festive concert with the participation of the show group "VIVA!", soloist of the group "Mirage" Margarita Sukhankina and singer Maxim Lidov.

19:05 - 20:20 - performance of the Moscow theater "School of the modern play", then a film concert.

20.20 - 21.45 - concert program.

Triumfalnaya Square

As part of Victory Day, a large two-day musical and poetic festive marathon of the "City Theater of Poets" by Vlad Malenko - "Victory Lighthouses" will be held on Triumfalnaya Square. Among the special guests are people's artists Igor Bochkin, Sergei Nikonenko, actress Anna Snatkina and others.

At 15:30 the State Academic Theater named after Mossovet will perform, at 16:00 the baton will be taken over by the Moscow Academic Theater of Satire. At 17:00, the voice of Elena Frolova, an artist of the Theater of Music and Poetry under the direction of Elena Kamburova, will sound on Triumfalnaya Square.

May 9 from 13:00 Literary and musical performances will be presented on Triumphalnaya Square Moscow Drama Theatre. A.S. Pushkin, the children's center "Katyusha" under the direction of Zemfira Tsakhilova, the poet, singer-songwriter, winner of the art festival of modern poetry "NIGHT OF THE FEATHER", known as the White Horseman, will perform. The day will end with a military performance based on the works of Konstantin Simonov from the artists of the Moskontsert.

On the eve of the holiday, a large screen will be installed on Triumfalnaya Square to broadcast the Victory Parade and other key events of the May 9 celebration, as well as for a thematic film concert.

Pushkin Square

The festive program on Pushkinskaya Square with musical and poetic numbers, a film concert and showings of famous films about the war will go on for two days.

May 8 holiday on Pushkin Square will begin at 9:30, and will open his film concert of songs loved by everyone, such as "In the forest near the front", "Smuglyanka", "Moments", as well as famous musical masterpieces from domestic films about the war. Host: theater and film actor Mikhail Dorozhkin. The concert will be broadcast in a cinema specially created for this purpose, where a stalls for 300 seats are organized for the audience under a canopy that protects from the sun.

At 10:00 the film concert will be interrupted to show footage of the 1945 Victory Parade. It was filmed in black and white and freshly colored by graphic designers to convey the solemnity and grandeur of the event.

May 9 the screening of these historical film frames will precede the live broadcast from Red Square from the 2016 Victory Parade, which will begin at 10:00.

At the end of the film concert, films will be shown in the cinema, and a dance floor near the monument to Pushkin will also work. The brass band will perform famous works of past years, and veterans and younger participants of the holiday will dance a victory dance. Animation and dance group dressed as soldiers and civilians of the 1940s will help them with this. There will also be a harmonist soldier with whom you can sing songs from the war.

At a music concert May 8 Artists of the Gradsky Hall Theater Alexander Vorobyova and Valentina Biryukova will appear on the stage of Pushkinskaya Square together with the head of the group Alexander Gradsky. The program dedicated to the 71st anniversary of the Great Victory will be presented by the Moscow Musical Theater named after K. Stanislavsky and V. Nemirovich-Danchenko.

Throughout the day, interactive installations related to the Victory Day will take place on Pushkinskaya Square. Both children and adults will be interested in seeing the military equipment located around the central fountain of Pushkin Square, or touching an armored vehicle that went from the beginning to the end of the war. It will be possible to take a memorable picture next to the gun that defended the cities of our country and participated in the offensives of the Soviet troops.

May 9 on the main stage of the square, several films of the war years will be shown. At 12:40 guests will be able to see the painting "Belarusian Station", at 14:30 the screening of the film "Heavenly slug" will begin, and at 16:30 there will be a screening of the film "Officers" with the participation of People's Artist of the USSR Vasily Lanovoy.

May 9 at 18:55-19:01 All-Russian campaign Minute of Silence will be held, which will be broadcast live on all federal channels of Russia, as well as on large screens in the center of Moscow, including Pushkinskaya Square.

At 19:01 a musical concert will begin in the cinema, and after its completion, the audience will be able to return to the film screening, which will last until 22:00. Young vocalists, dancers and actors of the Igor Krutoy Academy of Popular Music will take part in the evening gala concert: Ekaterina Maneshina, Mikhail Smirnov, Anna Chernotalova, Maria Mirova, Polina Chirikova, Vilena Khikmatullina, Shlabovich Marta, Alexander Savinov, Sofia Lapshakova, Sofia Fisenko, Yulia Assesorova .

Square in front of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior

May 8 from 14:30 to 22.00
May 9 from 18:55 to 22.00
May 8 from 15.00 to 17.00 there will be a gala concert

In the evening May 8 from 20:30 to 22:00 against the backdrop of the majestic walls of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, a concert will be held with the participation of Russian pop artists Alexei Goman, Marina Devyatova, Evgeny Kungurov, Yulia Mikhalchik, the Bondarenko brothers, Rodion Gazmanov, Margarita Pozoyan, Mark Tishman, Soso Pavliashvili and others. A variety of musical material - from folk songs and opera to modern pop hits - will interest a wide audience. The concert will be accompanied by the "Orchestra of the 21st century" conducted by the People's Artist of Russia Pavel Ovsyannikov.

May 9 Vocal group "Quatro" will present the project "Grandchildren to Veterans" at the main temple of Russia. Dozens of songs from the war and post-war years will be heard from the stage. The artists will be accompanied by a symphony orchestra conducted by Honored Artist of Russia Felix Aranovsky.

Strastnoy boulevard

The festive platform on Strastnoy Boulevard is dedicated to the cinematography of the war years. The attention of adults and children will be attracted by cube pavilions with an interactive exposition dedicated to the legendary domestic films about the war, such as "The Cranes Are Flying", "... And the Dawns Here are Quiet", "They Fought for the Motherland", "17 Moments of Spring", " Only old people go into battle." The program also includes a large two-day film concert, the numbers of which will be interspersed with creative meetings with actors and directors, and evening film screenings.

May 8 at 14:00 - 15:00- a creative meeting with theater and film actor, poet, musician, People's Artist of the RSFSR Mikhail Nozhkin. 16:00 - 17:00 - creative meeting with theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR Sergei Shakurov. 17:00 - 21:00 - screening of feature films "They Fought for the Motherland" and "The Ballad of a Soldier".

May 9 at 14:00 - 15:00- creative meeting with theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR Sergei Shakurov.

16:00 - 17:00 - a creative meeting with the theater and film actress, People's Artist of the RSFSR Lyudmila Zaitseva.

18:00 - 19:00 - a creative meeting with an actor of theater and cinema, People's Artist of the RSFSR and Ukraine, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, Nikolai Dupak. 19:00 - 22:00 - screening of the feature film "The Cranes Are Flying".

During the day on May 9, the correspondents of "Road Radio" on Strastnoy Boulevard will give the townspeople and guests of the capital the opportunity to record a radio greeting, which will be broadcast live.

boulevard ring

The Boulevard Ring will envelop the romantic spirit of Moscow courtyards of the post-war era. This theme will be reflected in the scenery and repertoire of Gogolevsky, Nikitsky and Chistoprudny boulevards, there will be literary readings of works about the war, there will be historical photo exhibitions, art objects, dance floors will open.

The holiday will begin on Gogolevsky Boulevard At 12:00 from the musical hour, within the framework of which songs and compositions of the period of the Great Patriotic War will be performed. AT 13:00 a large-scale concert program "Roads of Victory" will begin, within the framework of which the Taganka Theater, the Moscow Academy of the Children's Musical, the Musical Heart Theater, the Pyotr Fomenko Workshop Theater will perform, Christina Krieger, People's Artist of Russia Irina Miroshnichenko and others will perform. At 22:00, fireworks will be launched.

The Argumenty i Fakty weekly will hold the "Subscribe for a Veteran" action on Gogolevsky Boulevard: a subscription point will be opened where anyone can subscribe as a gift to a war veteran (lists of recipients who want to receive the newspaper are provided by the Council of Veterans).

On Nikitsky Boulevard, the festive program "One Victory for All" will unfold.

AT 13:00 The Moscow Theater "At the Nikitsky Gates" will present its musical program about the Great Patriotic War.

At 14:30 The Moscow theater "Moon" will present a musical and literary composition "Songs about the war".

15:00 Artists of the "FIGARO" Theater Group will perform the literary and musical composition "From the Heroes of Bygone Times".

At 17:30 a literary and musical performance based on the works of poets and writers of front-line soldiers "Roads of Victory" will take place on the stage.

Chistoprudny boulevard.

AT 14:00 actors of the Moscow Historical and Ethnographic Theater will play the musical program "Oh, roads!".

At 14:30 the Children's Musical Theater of the Young Actor will perform here, the songs of the war years will be performed by the children of the theater artists. Participating Liza Andreeva, Katya Bogdanova, Ernest Boreko, Veronika Dvoretskaya, Peter Ivanochkin, Polina Kareva, Sasha Novikov, Egor Fedorov.

Moscow Jewish theater "Shalom" 19:00 to 20:00 will delight the audience with a concert called "Stuffed Fish with Garnish".

The art project "Frontline Life of Heroes" on Chistoprudny Boulevard will not leave the audience indifferent. Muscovites and guests of the capital will see scenes from front-line life, conveying the atmosphere of those years, on the topics: "Hospital", "Young soldier's course", "Before the battle", "Photo studio", "Dance floor of the 40s", "Station, meeting of heroes ".

A stage will be installed on the square in front of the Chistye Prudy metro station, where May 9 at 13:00 artists of the Moscow State Theater "Sovremennik" Sergey Girin and Dmitry Smolev will perform songs of the war years.

The festive platform on the Patriarch's Ponds invites guests by 10:00- at this time, a live broadcast of the Victory Parade on Red Square will begin on a four-sided video structure in the center of the pond. At the end of the parade, frames from favorite war films will appear on the screens. In addition, on May 9, an interactive project "Museum of the History of the Victory" will be presented at the Patriarch's Ponds, where you can see weapons and equipment of the war years.

AT 13:00 in front of the monument to Ivan Krylov, a concert program "To the Glory of the Great Victory!" will be held, where you can not only hear the most famous songs of the war years, but also learn their history. The host of the concert is theater and film actor Artur Martirosov.

At the festive marathon of Victory songs will perform:

13:20 - 14:00 - Variety artist, host of the TV project "Play Bayan", Honored Artist of Russia Valery Semin.
14:00 - 14:30 - young performer Yevgeny Illarionov, finalist of the musical television project "Main Stage" on the channel "Russia".
14:30 - 15:00 - Honored Artist of Russia Olesya Evstigneeva.
15:00 - 15:30 - jazz singer Alla Omelyuta, soloist of the Song Theater of the People's Artist of Russia Alexander Serov.
15:30 - 16:00 - Laureate of international competitions, singer and composer Yevgeny Gor.
16:00 - 16:30 - Folk-rock musician, virtuoso balalaika player, laureate of international competitions Dmitry Kalinin.
16:30 - 17:00 - singer Evgenia, participant of the television project "Highest standard".
17:00 - 17:30 - Laureate of international competitions, author of romances and ballads, singer and composer Dmitry Shved.
17:30 - 18:00 - trio "Relikt", honored artists of Russia, vocalists Alexander Nikerov and Vyacheslav Moyunov, laureate of international competitions, guitarist Alexei Leonov.
18:00 - 18:30 - singer Sergey Volny
18:30 - 18:55 - performer Alexander Elovskikh, winner of the festival "Slavianski Bazaar" in the city of Vitebsk (Republic of Belarus).
19:00 - 19:30 - female vocal duet "Manzherok".
19:30 - 20:00 - singer Niko Neman, participant of the Voice project on Channel One.
20.00 - 20.30 - vocal group "Kalina Folk", finalist of the musical TV project "New Star".
20.30 - 21.00 - Honored Artist of Russia, saxophonist Alex Novikov.
21.00 - 22.00 - the concert will be completed by Peter Nalich, who will perform the songs of the legendary Leonid Utyosov.

May 8 14 parks will host free film screenings of films about the war, beginning at 21:00. The festive program on May 9 will cover 21 parks, more than 200 events will be held there, they will start at 13:00. Military and brass bands will perform before the audience, songs of the war years will sound, thematic photo exhibitions will work, various workshops for children will open, and dance lessons will be held. Venues for meetings of veterans will open in 14 parks, and at 22:00 fireworks will be launched into the sky in 20 parks.

Sites in Moscow districts

The large-scale musical and theatrical program "Front Brigades" will cover all districts of the capital on May 9. Venues where celebrations will take place in the districts:

VAO, Preobrazhenskaya Square 12,
.YuAO, Museum-Reserve "Tsaritsyno"
.YuVAO, st. Belorechenskaya, 2
.YuZAO, Vorontsovsky park
.CJSC, st. Yartsevskaya, 21
.SZAO, Landscape park "Mitino"
.SAO, Northern River Station
.SVAO, Cosmonauts Alley
.ZelAO, Central square
.TiNAO, City of Moscow, st. Raduzhnaya, 8
.TiNAO, Lilac Boulevard, 1.

LED screens will be installed on the venues for live broadcasting of the parade from Red Square and a thematic film concert. Concerts will be held in each of the districts, in which both invited artists and the best groups and performers of various genres, subordinated to the Department of Culture of the City of Moscow, will take part.

Thus, several theaters will perform in the Eastern Administrative District at once: the Moscow Theater "On Basmannaya", the Drama Theater "Modern" and the Moscow Theater of Illusion. At the festive site in ZAO with 13:00 to 22:00 there will be a non-stop concert, one of the brightest numbers at 16:00 will become a variety and circus divertissement "Center of Glory Polunin", built by analogy with the performances of circus brigades for the soldiers of the Soviet army during the war years.

In the SAO, the Moscow "Center for Drama and Directing" will present a musical and poetic composition "Poets of Military Roads".

In ZelAO, the "Vedogon-theater" will perform with poems and songs of the war years, and in the evening May 9 the group "NA-NA" will perform on the Central Square.

Moscow theater center "Cherry Orchard" - in TiNAO.

In total, more than 300 artists will take part in cultural and entertainment programs in the districts of Moscow.

SEC "European"

A festive concert will take place in the shopping center "Evropeisky", which is organized by the RUSSIANMUSICBOX TV channel! Participation will be: Avraam Russo, Mitya Fomin, Stas Kostyushkin, group "Nepara", Vlad Topalov, Brothers Safronov, group Reflex, Brothers Grim, Petr Dranga, Oscar Kuchera, Sogdiana, Alexander Panayotov, Dima Bikbaev, Alexander Shoua, Albina, Victoria Cherentsova , group "Dune", Arseniy Borodin, Alisa Mon, Victor Dorin, Sharif, Grigory Yurchenko, participants of the Project "Voice", Anton Elovskikh and others. Artists will perform not only with their hits, but also perform their favorite songs on a military theme.

Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 is celebrated not only in Russia, but also in the former Soviet republics and many European countries.

2014 marks 69 years since the Soviet army defeated Germany in this long and bloody war.

Victory Day - the history of the holiday

The final stage of the war was the Berlin operation, in which more than two and a half million Soviet soldiers took part, seven and a half thousand aircraft, more than six thousand tanks and self-propelled guns were involved. It is difficult to imagine what sacrifices this victory cost our country. According to some reports, during the operation, the Red Army daily lost more than fifteen thousand soldiers. Fulfilling their duty, a total of 352 thousand people died during the Berlin operation.

Tanks were brought into the city, but there were so many of them that wide maneuvers were impossible - this made Soviet equipment vulnerable to German anti-tank weapons. Tanks became convenient targets. During the two weeks of the operation, a third of tanks and self-propelled guns (almost two thousand pieces of equipment), more than two thousand mortars and guns were lost. Nevertheless, the Berlin operation brought victory to the Red Army. Soviet troops defeated seventy infantry, twelve tank and eleven motorized enemy divisions. About four hundred and eighty thousand opponents were captured.

So, on the evening of May 8, an act of unconditional surrender of Germany was signed. This happened at 22:43 CET and at 00:43 Moscow time. From 1:00 Moscow time, the act came into force. Therefore, in European countries, Victory Day is celebrated on May 8, and in Russia on May 9th. Interestingly, although the act of surrender was adopted, the Soviet Union continued to officially remain at war with Germany until 1955, when the corresponding decision was made by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

On May 9, a plane landed at the Frunze Central Airfield in Moscow, which brought to the capital an act of surrender of Germany. The Victory Parade took place on Red Square on June 24. The parade was hosted by Marshal Georgy Zhukov, and Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky commanded the parade. The consolidated regiments of the fronts marched through the square in a solemn march. Commanders of armies and fronts walked ahead, Heroes of the Soviet Union carried banners.

In 1945, Stalin signed a decree making May 9 a public holiday and a day off. However, already in 1948, Victory Day became a working day. Parades and festive events resumed again only in 1965. At this time, the holiday on May 9 finally became a day off again.

Victory Day - holiday traditions

The first Victory Day was celebrated like never before in history. On the streets people hugged and kissed each other. Many cried. On the evening of May 9, the Victory salute was given in Moscow, the largest in the history of the USSR: thirty volleys from a thousand guns. Since then, Victory Day has been and remains one of the most important and revered holidays in Russia and the CIS.

According to tradition, on this day, volunteers distribute St. George ribbons on the streets - a symbol of the holiday. They are tied by veterans and young people - as a sign of memory of the war and the connection of generations. Victory Day, as a rule, begins with a parade and the laying of flowers and centuries at the monuments of the Great Patriotic War. On this day, veterans are honored, festive concerts are organized for them, gifts are given to them. Courage lessons are held in educational institutions, the war and its heroes are remembered.

Victory Day

It is celebrated by many countries, including Russia, annually on May 9 as a sign of the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany and its allies (Hungary, Romania, Italy, Spain, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovakia) in the Great Patriotic War. A few hours before the announcement of the long-awaited victory in one of the suburbs of Berlin, the Act of the final surrender of Germany was signed. On the morning of May 9, the joyful news (for some, sad news) spread throughout the world. The first parade in honor of the significant event took place on June 24 of the same year on Red Square under the leadership of the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR.

Despite the fact that the Victory Day holiday in the Soviet Union was approved literally immediately after the signing of the Act of Surrender, it was not celebrated for a very long time, moreover, it was an ordinary working day that did not differ significantly from the rest. For the first time, twenty years later, Victory Day was celebrated on its own merit (after all, an anniversary). In the same 1965, the holiday became a non-working day. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, parade events on May 9 were not held for some time. In 1995, the Russian government "reanimated" this ritual. Since then, solemn parades have been held annually on Red Square on this day - however, military equipment, as the main military attribute, had to be abandoned.

According to traditions, every Victory Day in Russia is reinforced not only by parades, but also by meetings of front-line soldiers, solemn events and concerts organized in their honor. Today, it is customary to lay flowers at monuments of military glory and mass graves, and in cities awarded the title of Heroes, to launch a festive artillery salute. The first such salute was made in 1945.

Today, the date of May 9 is not just a celebration of the victory of the Soviet people over the fascist invaders, it is, first of all, a day of commemoration of all the soldiers and great leaders who fell on the battlefield, but did not cave in before the enemies. On this day, many churches and temples also hold memorial services in honor of those who died from the "treacherous paws" of a brutal war.

May 9 in the folk calendar

Day of Glafira-Goroshnitsa

On May 9, the people celebrate the memory of St. Glafira of Amasia, the great virgin martyr who gave her life for her faith in the Savior Christ. The saint was publicly beheaded.

In Russia, Glafira was nicknamed Goroshnitsa, since the peasants devoted this day entirely to planting peas and early potatoes. Peas, moreover, they also spoke so that the harvest turned out to be successful. And to protect these legumes from morning frosts, the ground was covered with chopped peat. Peas sprouted under this warm covering. And when it was strong enough to develop in natural conditions, the peat was removed from the ridge. Today, the main table treats were pea dishes: porridge, soup, which was prepared with the addition of a large amount of meat, and pies with pea filling.

On Glafira-Goroshnitsa, many fishing enthusiasts preferred to catch prey on peas. It was believed that on this day the fish especially appreciated the treat and literally climbed on the hook. The fishermen believed that Saint Glafira herself contributed to this phenomenon. Today, by the way, it was also customary to guess at peas. Unmarried girls used some rituals, old men - others, but anglers - scattered a glass of peas on the floor and collected it all to a single pea. If the fisherman succeeded, then fishing for him throughout the year turned into a very profitable occupation.

Historical events May 9

May 9, 1742- Navigator S. Chelyuskin, together with his two companions, reached the northern tip of Eurasia

Subsequently, after 200 years, this cape began to bear the name of its conqueror. The voyage of the expedition began with the boat "Yakutsk" from the mouth of the Lena. The main tasks that the researchers faced were to map the entire northern coast of Russia: from the Arkhangelsk region along the rivers Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Kalyma and further east - straight to the Chukotka region. The mapping expedition continued for about ten years. During this time, several detachments were formed by its participants, the navigator of one of which was Semyon Chelyuskin.

May 9, 1945– The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR established the medal “For Victory in the Great Patriotic War”

This award has become the most common in the USSR, since most of the adult citizens fought at the front. However, many of them were never able to return home. Many Soviet artists took part in the creation of the "face" of the medal, the most prominent of them were I. Andrianov and E. Romanov. The Mint was engaged in the production of medals. The first badges were issued by him on June 15, 1945, on the same day they were handed over to the Presidium of the Supreme Council and were intended for presentation to commanders of the highest rank.

In the next few years, this medal was awarded to all military personnel who took part in the Great Patriotic War and ensured the victory of the Soviet Union with their duty. By decree of 1951, it was added that this award, in the event of the death of the recipient, remains in his family, while previously it was returned to the state. In total, until 1995, the medal "For the Victory in the Great Patriotic War" was awarded to more than 15 million citizens.

May 9, 1995– Inauguration of the Victory Memorial Complex on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow

A proposal to build a monument here was received back in 1942. And it was put forward by the architect Chernihovsky. However, his plan was not carried out at that time. Only in 1958, a sign was erected on Poklonnaya Hill with an inscription about the imminent construction of a monument to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. A green strip of trees was planted around the sign, and soon a beautiful park (Victory Park) was erected here. The construction of the complex lasted about ten years. For these purposes, a huge amount was collected through voluntary donations. However, in the future, this money was still not enough, and the state took over the financing of the construction of the complex.

Today, the Victory Memorial Complex, which is a grandiose architectural and historical ensemble, is the greatest monument symbolizing the victory of the USSR over the Nazis. Traditionally, there are a lot of tourists and city visitors here. Every year, this place also hosts celebrations in honor of Victory Day.

May 9 were born

Valentin Voino-Yasenetsky(1877 - 1961) - Archbishop Luke in clergy. Before getting a haircut as a monk, he was a military doctor. Soon he was ordained a bishop. He was repeatedly arrested for his convictions, and Valentin spent about 20 years (in total) in exile. Voyno-Yasenetsky is the author of more than 50 medical works on anatomy and surgery. And already posthumously in Brussels, his main work within the framework of Theology, “On Soul and Body”, was published. At the moment, Luke is canonized as a saint.

Carl de Laval(1845 - 1913) - Swedish engineer, inventor of the active type steam turbine, developer of the nozzle theory. De Laval played a key role in shaping the turbine industry.

James Barry(1860 - 1937) - Scottish writer, playwright. His most widely known work was the play "Peter Pan" - a story about a dreamy boy who did not want to become an adult.

Name day May 9

Name day on May 9 is celebrated: Ivan, Vasily, Glafira, Stepan, Nikolai, Peter, Parfery, Ekaterina, Grigory.

May

The history of the holiday on May 9, Victory Day

Artichoke

May 9 Victory Day is a holiday that began to be celebrated as the day of the end of a terrible, immensely cruel war that lasted 1418 days and nights.

The history of Victory Day as a national holiday began on May 8, 1945 by decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

First Victory Day May 9

The road to victory was a long test. It was won by the courage, combat skill and heroism of Soviet soldiers on the battlefields, the selfless struggle of partisans and underground workers behind the front line, the daily labor feat of home front workers, the combined efforts of the anti-Hitler coalition and the anti-fascist movement.

On May 9, 1945, when in the suburbs of Berlin, the Chief of Staff of the Supreme High Command, Field Marshal V. Keitel from the Wehrmacht, Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief Marshal of the USSR Georgy Zhukov from the Red Army and Air Marshal of Great Britain A. Tedder from the Allies, an act of unconditional and complete surrender was signed Wehrmacht.

Recall that Berlin was taken on May 2, but the German troops offered fierce resistance to the Red Army for more than a week before the fascist command, in order to avoid unnecessary bloodshed, finally decided to surrender.

Soon, the solemn voice of Yuri Levitan sounded from radios throughout the country: “On May 8, 1945, representatives of the German High Command signed an act of unconditional surrender of the German armed forces in Berlin. The Great Patriotic War waged by the Soviet people against the Nazi invaders has ended victoriously.

Germany is completely destroyed. Comrades of the Red Army, Red Navy, sergeants, foremen, officers of the army and navy, generals, admirals and marshals, I congratulate you on the victorious end of the Great Patriotic War. Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland!”

By order of I. Stalin, a grandiose salute from a thousand guns was given that day in Moscow. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in commemoration of the victorious end of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against the Nazi invaders and the historic victories of the Red Army. May 9 was declared Victory Day.

However, May 9 was a day off for only three years. In 1948, the war was ordered to be forgotten and all forces to be thrown into the restoration of the national economy destroyed by the war.

And only in 1965, already in the era of Brezhnev, the holiday was again given its due. May 9 again became a day off, parades resumed, large-scale fireworks in all cities - Heroes and honoring veterans.

Victory Day Abroad

Abroad, Victory Day is celebrated not on May 9, but on May 8. This is due to the fact that the act of surrender was signed in Central European time on May 8, 1945 at 22:43. When in Moscow, with its two hour time difference, May 9 has already arrived.

First Victory Parade

The capital of the Third Reich fell on the 17th day of the assault. On May 2, at 15:00, the remnants of the German garrison capitulated.

On May 4, 1945, a military parade of the Soviet troops of the Berlin garrison took place, moving in a solemn march on the square near the Brandenburg Gate and the Reichstag. Soldiers and officers walked past the ruins of houses turned by the Nazis into strongholds.

They marched in the same tunics in which they stormed the capital of Germany. The streets of the city were still smoking from fires, on the outskirts of the city, the Nazis, who had not yet laid down their arms, were shooting.

The military commandant of Berlin, General N. E. Berzarin, received the parade.

Shortly after the announcement of May 9, 1945 as Victory Day, I.V. Stalin expressed the idea: “But can’t we restore the good old tradition of holding a parade of the victorious army?” The preparation of such a parade was entrusted to the General Staff.

On May 24, after a solemn reception in the Kremlin of the top military leadership, the plan, calculations and scheme of the parade were reported to Stalin. The preparation period was set for 1 month, that is, the date of the Victory Parade was set for June 24th.

Preparing for the Parade turned out to be quite troublesome. In a short time it was necessary to sew more than 10 thousand sets of ceremonial uniforms. Almost all clothing factories in Moscow prepared ceremonial uniforms for soldiers. Numerous workshops and ateliers performed custom-made tailoring for officers and generals.

To participate in the Victory Parade, it was necessary to pass a tough selection: not only feats and merits were taken into account, but also the appearance corresponding to the appearance of the victorious warrior, and that he was at least 170 cm tall. It is not for nothing that in the newsreel all participants in the parade are simply handsome, especially pilots. Going to Moscow, the lucky ones did not yet know that they would have to do drill for 10 hours a day for the sake of three and a half minutes of an impeccable march along Red Square.

The Banner of Victory, hoisted over the Reichstag, was decided to be delivered to Moscow with special military honors. On the morning of June 20, at the airfield in Berlin, the banner was solemnly presented to the Heroes of the Soviet Union by Senior Sergeant Syanov, Junior Sergeant Kantaria, Sergeant Yegorov, Captains Samsonov and Neustroev.

The Banner of Victory, brought to Moscow on June 20, 1945, was to be carried through Red Square. And the calculation of the flagmen specially trained. The keeper of the Banner at the Museum of the Soviet Army, A. Dementiev, claimed that Neustroev, who hoisted it over the Reichstag and seconded to Moscow as a standard-bearer, and his assistants Yegorov, Kantaria and Berest, were extremely unsuccessful at the rehearsal - they had no time for drill training in the war. The same Neustroev, by the age of 22, had five wounds, his legs were injured. Appointing other standard-bearers is ridiculous, and too late.

Zhukov decided - not to take out the Banner. Therefore, contrary to popular belief, there was no Banner at the Victory Parade. The first time the Banner was taken to the parade in 1965.

On June 24, the consolidated regiments of the fronts, led by the commanders of the fronts and all the commanders, were built on Red Square. The order of the solemn march was determined by the sequence of the location of the fronts - from the Arctic Ocean to the Black Sea: Karelian, Leningrad, 1st Baltic, 3rd, 2nd, 1st Belorussian, 1st, 4th, 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian fronts. Next were the combined regiment of the Navy and parade crews of the troops of the Moscow garrison. As part of the regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front, representatives of the Polish Army marched in a special column.

The parade was also attended by "boxes" of the Commissariat of Defense (1), military academies (8), military and Suvorov schools (4), the Moscow garrison (1), cavalry brigade (1), artillery, motorized, airborne and tank units and divisions (by special calculation).

As well as a combined military band of 1,400 people.

The duration of the parade is 2 hours 09 minutes. 10 sec.

In general, 24 marshals, 249 generals, 2536 officers, 31,116 privates, sergeants participated in the parade.

More than 1,850 units of military equipment passed through Red Square.

In honor of the Victory Parade, a 26-meter Fountain of Winners was erected on the Execution Ground of Red Square. It was built specifically for the Victory Parade and then was removed from Red Square.

At 9:45 a.m., members of the government and the Politburo of the Central Committee of the party rose to the podium of the Mausoleum.

And then the chimes of the Spasskaya Tower began to chime the clock with a unique melodic ringing. The sound of the tenth blow had not had time to fly over the square, when after it came the sing-song “Smir-no-o-o!”

Parade commander Konstantin Rokossovsky on a black horse rushes towards Georgy Zhukov, who rode out of the Spassky Gates on a horse of almost white color. Red Square is frozen. The clatter of hooves is clearly audible, and then a clear report from the Commander of the Parade. The last words of Rokossovsky are drowned in the solemn sounds of the consolidated orchestra, which united 1400 musicians.

Zhukov, accompanied by Rokossovsky, circles around the troops lined up for the Parade and congratulates the soldiers, officers and generals on the Victory.

Zhukov, on behalf of and on behalf of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Soviet government, congratulated the Soviet soldiers and all the people on the Great Victory over Nazi Germany.

After the performance of the anthem of the Soviet Union, artillery salute and three soldiers' cheers, the parade was opened by forty young drummers - pupils of the Moscow Military Music School. Behind them, to the sounds of a military orchestra, the consolidated regiments of the fronts marched in a solemn march (a special march was performed for each regiment).

The parade lasted two hours. The rain poured like a bucket. But the thousands of people who crowded Red Square did not seem to notice him. However, the passage of columns of workers was canceled due to bad weather. By evening, the rain had stopped, and a holiday reigned on the streets of Moscow again. High in the sky, in the rays of powerful searchlights, scarlet banners fluttered, and the sparkling Order of Victory floated majestically. Orchestras thundered on the squares, artists performed. The people rejoiced.

Allied Victory Parade in Berlin on September 7, 1945

After the significant Victory Parade in Moscow on June 24, 1945, the Soviet leadership invited the Americans, British and French to hold a parade of troops in honor of the victory over Nazi Germany in Berlin itself. After some time, they received a positive response.

It was decided to hold a parade of Soviet and Allied troops in September 1945 in the area of ​​the Reichstag and the Brandenburg Gate, where the final battles took place during the capture of Berlin on May 1-2, 1945. . The parade was decided to coincide with the end of the war in the Pacific. According to the agreement, the parade of troops was to be received by the commanders-in-chief of the troops of the Soviet Union, the USA, England and France.

But at the last moment, the Allied attaches informed the Kremlin that for some reason the commanders-in-chief of England, France and the United States would not be able to participate in this parade, and high-ranking military generals would arrive in Berlin instead.

In his famous book of memoirs of the war of 1941 in 1945. Marshal G. Zhukov writes: “... I immediately called I.V. Stalin. After listening to my report, he said: "They want to belittle the significance of the Victory Parade in Berlin ... Take the parade yourself, especially since we have more rights to it than they do."

Therefore, Marshal of the Soviet Union Zhukov took over the parade, and the English General Nairs commanded it. On the podium, in addition to Zhukov, were representatives of the commanders-in-chief of the occupying forces of the United States, Great Britain, France, as well as Soviet and foreign generals.

In modern Ukraine, in 2015, this holiday was renamed the Day of Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939-1945. This was done to honor the memory of all the victims of these terrible years and emphasize the world-historical significance of Victory Day.

Happy Great Victory Day!