Tutorial aims to enable explore English language without help teacher within the limits allowing read and translate technical literature(This (second posthumous) edition contains editorial corrections and takes into account some comments from readers. (Ed.)).

It is intended primarily for students non-linguistic universities, as well as for engineering and technical workers, educators, adult students and for others with some skill independent work with the book and begin to learning English.

Year of issue: 1994

Publisher: Vilnius
Format: djvu
Download
The size : 3,1 Mb

The tutorial aims to provide an opportunity to learn English without the help of a teacher

The tutorial contains about 2000 words and illuminate those English grammar rules, which are essential for the practical acquisition of the language within the goal, i.e. reading and translation. Tasks to teach speak in English this benefit does not apply. However, it gives a general idea of ​​the sound side of the English language, and outlines the basic rules for reading and pronunciation.

The book contains about 2000 words and highlights those rules of English grammar

In addition, it includes additional(optional) material specifically for those who wish to purchase, although there is some possibility explain in English. This additional material is built on elementary colloquial expressions (greetings, talking about the weather, food, travel and hotel, etc.). He can be of some help in communicating with foreign guests.

The manual allows you to read and translate technical literature

Texts The lessons are not designed for specialists in any particular field of knowledge, and as far as possible, they use words that may be useful to students of different specialties. All texts, except for the initial ones, are borrowed from English and American sources.

Tutorial consists of 26 lessons. Each lesson is designed for two to three weeks of work with classes three times a week for an hour and a half. This period is, of course, approximate. In each case, the duration of the course will depend on the training, abilities and working conditions of the student.

Before you is a revised edition of one of the best English language tutorials by the famous teacher and methodologist A.V. Petrova.
This course consists of three parts. In the first part, an express course for learning English is given. Here is the basic grammatical and word-formation material necessary for mastering the language in a short time. The second part contains exercises for training and text materials that contribute to the development of new vocabulary. The third part contains special materials that contribute to the development of oral speech skills. Each part is accompanied by an English-Russian dictionary.
The course is intended for everyone who is just starting to learn English, as well as for those who would like to restore their knowledge.

Letter, sound, phonetic sign.
Sound is what we hear; a letter is a sign by which we represent sound. A letter does not always represent the same sound. For example, the letter b in the words was and the pillar conveys different sounds - [b] and [p]. On the other hand, the same sound is sometimes represented by different letters. For example, in the words him and niva, the letters g and c convey the same sound [v]. For the English language, for a number of historical reasons, the discrepancy between sounds and letters is especially characteristic. Look at the alphabet on p. 10-11. You will see that many letters represent several sounds.

To show how English letters and words are read, there is a phonetic transcription, i.e. a system of signs in which each sign represents only one sound. For example: in Russian words the second and fluorine the first sound is depicted by different letters: v and f. But the sound in both words is the same: [f]. In English phonetic transcription, it is depicted with a single character [f]. This system of signs is adopted in dictionaries with which you will have to deal in the future. You can find signs on p. 12-14. Phonetic characters are usually enclosed in square brackets.

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Publication date: 01/16/2016 07:20 UTC

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Table of contents

ENGLISH ALPHABET 7

Lesson one 10

1. ARTICLE 13

Indefinite article a (an) [ə], [ən] 13

The definite article the [рə, рi:, рɪ] 14

2. IMPERATIVE VERB 14

LESSON TWO 17

1. NOUN. Plural 20

2. ADJECTIVE 21

3. PERSONAL PRONOUNS 21

4. VERB. Present indefinite tense 22

"Silent" letters 29

Basic features of reading letters and pronunciation of sounds 29

1. Word order in sentence 30

2. Indirect case of personal pronouns 31

3. Demonstrative pronouns 31

Lesson Four 36

1. Possessive pronouns 36

2. Noun. Possessive 36

3. Preposition of 37

4. Linking verb to be 38

5. Count up to twelve 38

Lesson Five 43

1. Verb. Infinitive 43

2. Modal verbs can, may, must 43

3. Definition expressed by a noun. Compound words 44

4. Prepositions in, at, on, to, from, into 44

Lesson six 51

1. The verb to have. The Present Indefinite Tense 51

2. Conversion 51

3. Suffixes -er, -or 52

Lesson seven 60

1. Turnover there is (there are) 60

2. Suffix -ly 61

Lesson eight 68

1. Interrogative form of verbs in Present Indefinite Tense 68

2. Question words 69

3. Interrogative sentences. General and special questions 70

4. Polysemy of pronouns who, which, that 71

Lesson nine 78

1. Negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense 78

2. Negative imperative 79

3. Short answers 79

4. Negative sentences 80

Lesson ten 88

1. Possessive pronouns (second form) 88

2. Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs 88

3. Communion I 90

4. Indefinite pronouns some, any 90

5. Compound words with some, any, every, 91 each

Lesson Eleven 101

1. Past indefinite tense (The Past Indefinite Tense) 101

2. Count up to one hundred 106

Lesson twelve 115

1. The Future Indefinite Tense 115

2. Numerals 116

3. Article 118

4. Suffix -ure 120

Lesson thirteen 127

1. Three main forms of the verb. Communion II 127

2. Prepositions by, with 129

3. Comparison of participles I and II. Participial phrases 129

4. Form -ing. Gerund 130

5. Suffix -ed 131

6. Compound verbs 131

Lesson fourteen 140

1. The Passive Voice 140

2. Group of indefinite times (Indefinite Tenses) 144

3. Suffixes -al, -ic(s), -ern, -ion 144

4. Negative prefixes un-, in-, pop- 145

5. Prefixes under-, over- 145

Lesson fifteen 154

1. Continuous Tenses 154

2. Complex sentence 157

3. Allied subordination of subordinate clauses 158

4. Place of preposition 159

5. Suffix -ive 159

Lesson sixteen 167

1. Perfect Tenses (Perfect Tenses) 167

2 Present Perfect 167

3. Impersonal Offers 169

4. Suffixes -meat, -y, -en 169

Lesson seventeen 178

1. The Past Perfect Tense 178

3. Time alignment 179

4. Suffixes -ish, -ist, -ward(s) 180

Lesson eighteen 190

1. Modal verbs and phrases 190

2. Polysemy as 192

3. Suffixes -able, -ous, -ful, -less 193

4. Suffixes -ry, -ize (-ise) 194

Lesson nineteen 203

1. Infinitive and participle as an object (accusative with infinitive and participle) 203

2. Conjunctions either ... or, neither ... nor 204

3. Reflexive and intensifying pronouns 204

4. Word production by changing the pronunciation 205

Lesson Twenty 212

1. Perfect Continuous Tenses 212

2. Turnover "nominative case with infinitive" 213

3. Suffix -ness 214

Lesson twenty one 223

1. Gerund 223

2. Suffixes -ant, -ent; -ance, -ence; -ancy, -ency 226

3. ABOUT WORKING WITH A GENERAL ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 226

Lesson twenty two 236

1. Infinitive 236

2. Substitute words 239

3. Suffix -ty (-ity) 240

Lesson twenty three 249

1. Participles (complex forms) 249

2. Independent participle turnover 251

3. Form on -ing 252

4. Prefixes dis-, en- 253

5. Compound nouns with elements -man and -woman 253

Lesson twenty-four 260

1. Indirect question. Conjunctions if, whether 260

2. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses 260

3. Turnover to be going to 261

5. Suffixes -an, -ian 262

6. Prefix re- 263

Lesson twenty-five 270

1. Subjunctive 270

3. Conditional sentences 271

4. Unionless subordination of conditional sentences 274

Lesson twenty-six 284

KEY TO CONTROL WORKS 294

CONJUGATION CHART FOR VERB 305

LIST OF BASIC FORMS OF THE MOST COMMON NON-STANDARD VERBS 308

LIST OF THE MOST COMMON FUNCTIONAL WORD 311

ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 317

HOW TO WORK WITH THE SELF-TUTORIAL

The structure of the tutorial

The tutorial consists of twenty-six lessons. Of these, the first three lessons are mainly devoted to the sound side of the English language and the rules of reading.

Each lesson consists of grammatical and lexical explanations illustrated with examples, a text with a dictionary and notes, exercises and tests. In addition, lessons 4-18 have an optional Supplementary Speech section, and lessons 8-25 have supplementary reading texts of the student's choice.

At the end of the tutorial you will find applications: No. 1. "The key to the control work"; No. 2. "Table of conjugation of standard verbs"; No. 3. "List of the main forms of the most common non-standard verbs"; No. 4. "List of the most common service words"; No. 5. "English-Russian Dictionary". For convenience, the tables "English alphabet" and "Signs of international phonetic transcription" are given at the beginning of the textbook, before the first lesson.

Instructions for working with the general English-Russian dictionary can be found in Lesson 21, while translation tips given throughout the course are summarized in Lesson 26.
Lesson structure

In the lesson (starting from the 4th) the material is arranged in the following order: 1. grammar; 2. word formation; 3. reading exercise; 4. text; 5. dictionary to the text; 6. notes to the text; 7. analysis of the words of the lesson; 8. exercise; 9. control work; 10. repetition tasks (to prepare for the next lesson); 11. optional material (for oral speech and additional reading).
Course order

The material in the lesson is arranged strictly in the order in which it needs to be studied. In other words, one must first read the grammatical explanations, carefully think through all the examples and compare them with the translation of these examples, which is given on the same page.

Sections of word formation are studied in the same order.

The reading exercises that follow them must be performed aloud.

After that, you should proceed to the study of the text, which is the center of the lesson. The text should be revisited until the full assimilation of its content. It is recommended that you first read the text to yourself, referring to the dictionary and notes that are given immediately after the text, and returning, if necessary, to the grammar sections. Having achieved a complete and accurate understanding of the text, reread it again (preferably aloud) and translate orally and, if time permits, also in writing.

After that, you need to read the section on word analysis (it is given in each lesson, starting from the 8th) and learn new words. This is a particularly time-consuming, but absolutely necessary job. You will find exercises to help memorize words in each lesson. It is especially important to constantly repeat the words of the lessons learned, both by reading texts and in all other ways. How to carry out this work is described in detail in lesson 6 (section "On memorizing words").

After that, start doing the exercises. Do them in the order they are printed in the book. They must be performed in writing, if there is no instruction on the oral performance of this exercise. You can't skip exercises.

Examinations for each lesson are also carried out in writing (except for those tasks where there is an indication of their oral performance).

Be sure to check the correctness of the control work by the key (Appendix 1) and correct the errors, if any.

Before moving on to the next lesson, you must complete the repetition tasks that are given after the tests (starting from lesson 2). Along the way, fill in any knowledge gaps you find.

The section "Additional material for oral speech" (lessons 4-8) is optional (optional). Browse it and choose what you see fit. The words found in these sections are included in the self-study dictionary, but are not considered necessary for further passage of the course. For example, in the optional material for lesson 8, the word German Deutsch, but in lesson 24 it is highlighted as new. In other words, ignorance of the words in this section does not interfere with the study of the main material.

From the supplementary reading material (Lessons 8-25), choose texts of your choice. This section includes newspaper reports, popular science notes, anecdotes, poems, proverbs, sayings, and common quotations. Choose to read what you find interesting or useful. The main words of this section are also included in the self-study dictionary, and less common words and expressions are explained in these sections themselves (in the notes or in the text itself).

For classes, get yourself a common notebook so that you can return to the completed exercises. Writing on separate sheets is not recommended. For words, you need a separate notebook, alphabetical pad, or flashcards (see lesson 6 for instructions on maintaining a dictionary).

When studying the last six lessons of the tutorial, you will need a general English-Russian dictionary. Instructions on how to use it are given in Lesson 21.

Further guidance can be found in the lessons themselves. You have to do it regularly. As already mentioned in the preface, each lesson is designed for an average of two to three weeks of work with classes three times a week for an hour and a half. If you can practice for an hour five times a week, that will be even better. Remember, however, that you can't make up for those 4-5 hours of practice per week with five hours of practice once a week, on a day off. Such work will be much less effective, since from lesson to lesson you will forget part of what you have covered and spend much more time in total.

Studying without the help of a teacher is not easy. It requires focus and organization. But you can learn a language this way.

Here you can download the book for free: Petrova A.V. "English Language Tutorial".

Description: The self-instruction manual aims to provide an opportunity to learn English without the help of a teacher within the limits that allow reading and translating technical literature.

The textbook contains about 2000 words and highlights those rules of English grammar that are essential for practical language acquisition.

The tutorial consists of 26 lessons. Each lesson is designed for 2-3 weeks of work with classes 3 times a week.

Year of issue: 1994

Foreword
How to self-study
English alphabet
Signs of international phonetic transcription

Lesson 1
Grammar: Article. The imperative mood of the verb. Text.

Lesson 2
Grammar: Noun: plural. Adjective. Personal pronouns. Verb: present indefinite tense. Text.

lesson3
Grammar: The order of words in a sentence. Indirect case of personal pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns.

Lesson 4
Grammar: Possessive pronouns. Possessive case of nouns. Preposition of. Linking verb to be. Count to 12. Text: London.

Lesson 5
Grammar: Verb. Infinitive. Modal verbs can. may, must. A definition expressed by a noun. Difficult words. Prepositions in. at. on. from. into. Text: The Docks.

Lesson 6
Grammar: The verb to have. The Present Indefinite Tense. Text.

Lesson 7
Grammar: Turnover there is (there are). Text: Seasons in England.

Lesson 8
Grammar: Interrogative form of verbs in Present Indefinite Tense. Question words. Interrogative sentences. General and special questions. Polysemy of pronouns who, which, that. Relative pronouns. Text: In the Park.

Lesson 9
Grammar: The negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense. Negative imperative form. Brief answers. negative suggestions. Text: The Three States of Matter.

Lesson 10
Grammar: Possessive pronouns (second form). Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs. Participle I. Indefinite pronouns. Text: Bats.

Lesson 11
Grammar: Past indefinite tense (The Past Indefinite Tense). Count up to 100. Dates. Text: The Norman Conquest of England.

Lesson 12
Grammar: The Future Indefinite Tense. Numerals. Article. Text: The Air.

Lesson 13
Grammar: Three basic verb forms. Participle P. Prepositions by, with. Comparison of participles I and II. Participle turns. Gerund. Text: The Air Around Us.

Lesson 14
Grammar: Passive voice. Group of indefinite times. Text: On the Bed of the Pacific.

Lesson 15
Grammar: Continuous Tenses. Complex sentences. Unionless subordination of subordinate clauses. Suggestion place. Text: The Men Who Study Volcanoes.

Lesson 16
Grammar: Perfect tenses. present perfect. Impersonal offers. Text: Power From the Sun.

Lesson 17
Grammar: Past Perfect. The future is in the past. Time coordination. Text: From Autobiography.

Lesson 18
Grammar: Modal verbs and phrases. Polysemy as. Text: Follow North Star.

Lesson 19
Grammar: Infinitive and participle as an object. Conjunctions either ... or, neither ... nor. Reflexive and intensifying pronouns. Text: Taking the Photograph of a Rhino.

Lesson 20
Grammar: Perfect continuous tenses. Turnover "Nominative case with infinitive". Text: Second Sputnik Launched.

Lesson 21
Grammar: Gerund. Text: On Dictionary-Making.

Lesson 24
Grammar: Indirect question. Conjunctions if, whether. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses. Turnover to be going to. Would. Text: The Discovery of Gold in California.

Lesson 25
Grammar: Subjunctive. Should. Conditional sentences. Text: The Discovery of Gold in California (continued).

Appendix N.l. Key to test papers
Annex N.2. Conjugation table of standard verbs
Annex N.3. List of basic forms of the most common non-standard verbs
Annex N.4. List of the most common service words

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Before you is a revised edition of one of the best English language tutorials by the famous teacher and methodologist A.V. Petrova. This course consists of three parts. In the first part, an express course for learning English is given. Here is the basic grammatical and word-formation material necessary for mastering the language in a short time. The second part contains exercises for training and text materials that contribute to the development of new vocabulary. The third part contains special materials that contribute to the development of oral speech skills. Each part is accompanied by an English-Russian dictionary. The course is intended for everyone who is just starting to learn English, as well as for those who would like to restore their knowledge.

Format: pdf

The size: 4.7 MB

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CONTENT
Preface to the new edition 3
EXPRESS ENGLISH COURSE
English alphabet 10
Signs of international phonetic transcription 12
Lesson 1 15
Letter, sound, phonetic sign. Types of syllables. Long and short vowels. final consonants. Word stress. Grammar: 1. Article. 2. Imperative mood of the verb.
Lesson 2 26
Grammar: 1. Noun: plural. 2. Adjective. 3. Personal pronouns. 4. Verb: present indefinite tense.
Lesson 3 39
Grammar: 1. The order of words in a sentence.
2. Indirect case of personal pronouns.
3. Demonstrative pronouns.
Lesson 4 51
Grammar: 1. Possessive pronouns.
2. Noun: possessive.
3. Preposition of. 4. Linking verb to be. 5. Count up to 12.
Lesson 5 56
Grammar: 1. Verb: infinitive. 2. Modal verbs can, may, must. 3. Definition expressed by a noun. Difficult words. 4. Prepositions in, at, on, to, from, into.
Lesson 6 63
Grammar: Verb to have: Present Indefinite Tense. Word formation: 1. Conversion. 2. Suffixes -eg, -or.
Lesson 7 67
Grammar: Turnover there is (there are). Word formation: Suffix -ly.
Lesson 8 71
Grammar: 1. Interrogative form of verbs in Present Indefinite Tense. 2. Interrogative words.
3. Interrogative sentences: general and special questions. 4. Polysemy of pronouns who, which, that.
Lesson 9 79
Grammar: 1. Negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense. 2. The negative form of the imperative mood. 3. Brief answers to questions. 4. Negative sentences.
Lesson 10 86
Grammar: 1. Possessive pronouns (second form). 2. Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs. 3. Participle I. 4. Indefinite pronouns some, any. Word formation: Compound words with some, any, every, no.
Lesson 11 95
Grammar: 1. Past Indefinite Tense. 2. Count up to 100. 3. Dates.
Lesson 12 106
Grammar: 1. Future Indefinite Tense. 2. Numerals. 3. Article. Word formation: Suffix -ige.
Lesson 13 117
Grammar: 1. Three basic forms of the verb: participle II. 2. Prepositions by, with. 3. Comparison of participles I and II: participle turns. 4. Form on -ing: gerund. Word formation: 1. Suffix -ed. 2. Compound verbs.
Lesson 14 127
Grammar: 1. Passive voice (The Passive Voice).
2. Group of indefinite times (Indefinite Tenses). Word formation: Suffixes -al, -ic(s), -ion.
Lesson 15 137
Grammar: 1. Continuous tenses (Continuous Tenses). 2. Complex sentence.
3. Unionless subordination of subordinate clauses.
4. The place of the preposition in the sentence. Word formation: Suffix -ive.
Lesson 16 149
Grammar: 1. Perfect tenses (Perfect Tenses). 2. Present perfect. 3. Impersonal offers. Word formation: Suffixes -ment, -y, -en.
Lesson 17 156
Grammar: 1. Past Perfect Tense. 2. "Future in the past" (Future-in-the-Past). 3. Coordination of times. Word formation: 1. Suffixes -ish, -ist, -ship, -ern, -ward(s). 2. Prefixes re-, un-.
Lesson 18 164
Grammar: 1. Modal verbs and phrases.
2. Polysemy as. Word formation: 1. Suffixes -able, -ous, -ful, -less.
2. Suffixes -ry, -ize (-ise).
Lesson 19 174
Grammar: 1. Infinitive and participle as an object (Accusative case with infinitive and participle). 2. Conjunctions either... or, neither... nor. 3. Reflexive and intensifying pronouns.
Word formation: Word production by changing pronunciation.
Lesson 20 180
Grammar: 1. Perfect Continuous Tenses. 2. Turnover "nominative case with infinitive". Word formation: 1. Suffix -ness. 2. Prefix pop.
Lesson 21 187
Grammar: Gerund.
Word formation: Suffixes -ant, -ent; -ance, -ence; -ancy, -ency.
Lesson 22 194
Grammar: 1. Infinitive. 2. Substitute words. Word formation: Suffix -ty (-ity).
Lesson 23 203
Grammar: 1. Participles: complex forms. 2. Independent participle turnover.
3. Forms in -ing. Word formation: 1. Prefixes dis-, en-, in- (il-, im-, ir-). 2. Compound nouns with elements -man and -woman.
Lesson 24 214
Grammar: 1. Indirect question. Conjunctions if, whether. 2. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses. 3. Turnover to be going to.
4. Would + infinitive.
Word formation: Suffixes -an, -ian.
Lesson 25 221
Grammar: 1. Subjunctive.
2. Should + infinitive. 3. Conditional sentences. Word formation: Prefixes under-, over-.
ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 234
COLLECTION OF EXERCISES 262
Lesson 1 262
Lesson 2 266
Lesson 3 271
Lesson 4 278
Lesson 5 287
Lesson 6 294
Lesson 7 305
Lesson 8 316
Lesson 9 327
Lesson 10 337
Lesson 11 349
Lesson 12 362
Lesson 13 373
Lesson 14 384
Lesson 15 397
Lesson 16 408
Lesson 17 420
Lesson 18 431
Lesson 19 443
Lesson 20 456
Lesson 21 467
Lesson 22 476
Lesson 23 490
Lesson 24 499
Lesson 25 510
KEYS TO CONTROL WORKS 523
ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 541
SPOKEN ENGLISH 582
1.Greetings. Greetings 583
2. Introducing people. How to introduce people to each other 586
3. Thanking and apologizing. How to Thank and Apologize 590
4. What country are you from? What country are you from? 595
5. Family. Family 600
6. Time and dates. Time and date 604
7.Weather. Weather 610
8. Asking for and giving directions. How to get..? 615
9 Meals. food. Food 619
10. Work. Job 626
11 Travel. Travel 631
12. Shopping. Shopping 638
KEYS TO EXERCISES 646
ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 656
APPS 692
Application No. 1.
Conjugation table of standard verbs 692
Appendix No. 2. List of the main forms of the most common non-standard verbs 697
Appendix No. 3. List of the most common service words 702
Appendix No. 4. Proverbs 717
Appendix No. 5. Quotes 721
Appendix No. 6. Jokes 728