The Tsar Bell - a giant bell weighing 200 tons, cast in bronze by Russian craftsmen by order of Anna Ioannovna, is the world's largest hand-cast bell. So it never rang, and in 1837 it was installed on a pedestal as a monument of Russian foundry art. Located on the territory.
Photos of the Tsar Bell in Moscow
History of the Tsar Bell
Empress Anna Ioannovna ordered to make a new bell from the broken bell of the times of Alexei Mikhailovich, only of a larger size, bringing it all up to 10 thousand pounds (about 164 tons). The French engineer Germain did not cope with this task: he considered it a joke. Then master Ivan Motorin volunteered to do the work together with his son. But things did not work out right away: in 1734, after two years of preparation, metal smelting began, but a leak from the furnaces was discovered. As a result, a fire broke out, destroying the wooden structure erected over the bell to lift it. It all started all over again, but a year later a new misfortune came - Ivan Motorin died, so his son Mikhail began to manage the work. The work was completed in November 1735, but for several more years the bell was in the foundry pit - there it was caught by the Trinity fire of 1737. Then an 11-ton piece broke off from the bell, which is now displayed next to it on a pedestal.
The destruction of the bell is explained by two versions. One says that the cracks appeared due to the ingress of water on the metal heated by the fire and a large temperature difference. Other researchers believe that violations of casting technology are to blame. That is why the bell remained in the casting pit for so long, and the fire turned out to be a convenient excuse.
Be that as it may, the bell is an outstanding monument of history and foundry art. Not only incredible sizes are interesting, but also fine workmanship bas-reliefs depicting Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Empress Anna Ioannovna, as well as floral ornaments. This was understood 200 years ago. Repeated attempts were made to raise the bell from the casting pit, but this was only possible in 1836 by Auguste Montferrand, who built St. Isaac's Cathedral in. According to his project, a lifting device and a pedestal were created, on which the Tsar Bell was hoisted.
How much does the Tsar Bell weigh?
The Tsar Bell weighs about 200 tons, and the piece that broke off from it weighs 11 tons.
Tsar Cannon and Tsar Bell
And the Tsar Bell in the minds of people always follows side by side: it is worth mentioning one thing, you immediately remember another. And they are located nearby, on the territory of the Kremlin. Cannon - between the bell tower of Ivan the Great and the Church of the Twelve Apostles, the bell - opposite the bell tower. However, the cannon is older and, unlike the bell, could properly perform its functions, although it never took part in battles.
Where is it located and how to get there
The Tsar Bell is located in the Moscow Kremlin, next to the Ivan the Great Bell Tower on Cathedral Square. The most convenient way to get to the ticket office and the entrance to the Kremlin is from the Aleksandrovsky Sad and Lenin Library metro stations.
Opening hours: entrance to the territory of the Kremlin is carried out from 10:00 to 17:00, Thursday is a day off. Ticket price: minors are free of charge, an adult ticket costs 350 rubles, preferential tickets depending on the visited exposition - 250-300 rubles. Website:
Never called, he amazes tourists with his gigantic size. Located on Ivanovskaya Square, it is a monument of foundry art of the 18th century. It was cast by masters Motorins - Ivan and his son Mikhail. Famous foundry masters cast a dozen cannons, and their work bells rang not only in Moscow, but also in St. Petersburg, Kyiv and other Russian cities.
From the history of the Tsar Bell in Moscow
The first Tsar Bell in Moscow weighing about 40 tons was cast back in 1600. During a fire in the middle of the 17th century, it fell from the bell tower and crashed. It was decided to smelt a new, more powerful one. And the new "giant", installed on the belfry next to the bell tower of Ivan the Great, weighed 130 tons. In 1654, when Christmas was celebrated and all the bells were ringing, it crashed. The newly cast Tsar Bell already weighed more than 160 tons. It was cast by master A. Grigoriev. A strong fire on June 19, 1701 again did not spare the "Tsar": he fell and also crashed. In 1730, by decree of Empress Anna Ioannovna, it was decided to develop a project for a new bell. 4 years were preparatory work. On Ivanovskaya Square, next to the bell tower, a form was built in a pit 10 meters deep. Its walls were reinforced with bricks and oak. The bottom was laid out with oak piles, on which an iron grate was laid. A mold and a casing for casting a giant were installed on it. Four melting furnaces were built for smelting. The metal of the old bell was used with the addition of copper. Casting work was entrusted to Ivan Motorin. By November 1734, all preparatory work was completed. On November 26, after the service in the Assumption Cathedral, the stoves were flooded. But the casting did not start, because an accident occurred in two furnaces and copper leaked out under the furnaces. As a result, a fire started. Restoration work has begun. And soon, in August 1735, Ivan Motorin died. The work was continued by his son Michael. On November 25, 1735, the bell was cast within 1 hour and 12 minutes. After it cooled down, chased work began, which continued until the Kremlin fire in May 1737. The people who came running wanted to put out the burning wooden boards and logs above the pit in which the bell was located, since it could melt from the high temperature. He was poured with water. From a sharp temperature drop, the red-hot metal began to crack, and a piece weighing 11.5 tons broke off from it. So, for almost 100 years (from 1735 to 1836) he lay in a foundry pit. After World War II with the French, when the Kremlin was being restored, the Tsar Bell was installed on a pedestal near the Ivan the Great Bell Tower as an example of Russian foundry art.
Description of the Tsar Bell
The Tsar Bell in Moscow is the largest metal bell in the world. Its height is 6.24 meters. Diameter - 6.6 meters, weight - almost 200 tons. On it you can see the inscription that it was cast in 1733 by Ivan Motorin with his son Mikhail. In fact, it was cast in 1735 by Mikhail Motorin. The inaccuracy of the inscription suggests that the "giant" was cast in the form originally made. It was raised under the guidance of August Montferand, the architect of the famous St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg, who has experience working with heavy structures. The people were amazed at the power and beauty of the raised giant. After it was cleaned, the upper part was gilded, a silver-gray surface could be seen. Newspapers wrote: "... the images on the bell are quite skillful, the ornaments are elegant."
The pedestal on which the "giant" was installed was designed by A. Montferrand. Copper orb with a gilded cross at the top - also made according to his project. The full-length depiction of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in a full-length dress with an orb and a scepter in his hands reminds us that under him, in the 17th century, the Tsar Bell, his predecessor, was poured.
Empress Anna Ivanovna is depicted in a coronation dress. It was she who issued a decree on the casting of a new bell. Below the image of Anna Ivanovna, an inscription in a round medallion is poured below: “The Russian master Ivan Fedorov, son of Motorin, with his son Mikhail Motorin, poured this bell.” You can see Christ and the Mother of God, John the Baptist and St. Anna, as well as the Apostle Peter.
Between the figures of Anna Ivanovna and Alexei Mikhailovich, two beautiful figured cartouches are depicted, inside of which there are inscriptions about the history of the creation of the bell. Unfortunately, the fire of 1737 prevented the full implementation of the plans. Some chasing work remained unfinished. Recently, the archives have helped to restore the forgotten name of the sculptor, decorator. It was Fyodor Medvedev.
The Tsar Bell in Moscow has no analogues in the world. It remains the largest and delights visitors with its gigantic size and weight.
“This bell was cast in 1733, by order of the Empress Anna Ioannovna,
stayed in the earth for a hundred and three years and by the will of the most pious sovereign Emperor Nicholas I
delivered in the summer of 1836, on the 4th day of August.
In general, the Tsar Bell was known from the first half of the 16th century:
“on the site of the bell tower of Ivan the Great stood the Church of John of the Ladder and with it hung a small Tsar Bell, weighing a thousand pounds, merged during the oprichnina by Ivan the Terrible.”
True, later this bell was poured with the addition of copper and hung on the annex of Ivan the Great. Its place was taken by another 8,000 pood bell, cast under Alexei Mikhailovich in 1654.
According to legend, no one undertook to lift the poured bell, and it remained idle until 1668, when, finally, the tsar's doorkeeper, a self-taught mechanic, hung it on the extension. The bell hung near the bell tower until the fire on June 18, 1704, during which it burst. It was removed only 27 years later. In 1734, at the behest of Anna Ioannovna, it was decided to add another thousand pounds of weight to the bell. For such a bulk, they were going to attach a small separate bell tower to Ivan the Great.
Count Munnich was instructed to contact Germain, a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences. Minich wrote in his notes: “This artist was surprised when I announced to him the weight of the bell, and at first he thought that I was joking, but, confident in the truth of the proposal, he drew up a plan where he increased the difficulty of the work and their cost to such an extent that the empress abandoned his plans.”
After that, the artillery bell-maker Ivan Fedorovich Matorin took up the work. He was not even afraid of a certain weight of the future bell of 12,000 pounds.
They decided to cast the bell in the Kremlin, where they set up a casting pit between the Chudov Monastery and Ivan the Great. 15,312 pounds and 24 pounds of metal were released for work. Since the copper brought from Siberia contained particles of gold and silver, the bell has a whitish color. The new bell came out 12.327 poods 19 pounds.
There are two inscriptions on the Tsar Bell. First: “Blessed and eternally worthy of the memory of the Great Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich, All Great and Small and White Russia, the Autocrat by command, in the first-conciliar church of the Most Holy Theotokos of her honest and glorious Assumption, a great bell was merged, containing eight thousand pounds of copper in itself, in the summer from the creation of the world 7162, from the Nativity according to the flesh of God the Word 1654; from copper this evangelism began in the year of the universe 7176, the Nativity of Christ 1668 and evangelized until the summer of the universe 7208, the Nativity of the Lord 1704, in which the month of June, the 19th day, from the great fire in the Kremlin, was damaged; until 7239 years from the beginning of the world and Christ, in the world of the Nativity, having arrived mute".
Second inscription: “The Most Pious and Most Autocratic Great Sovereign Empress Anna Ioannovna, Autocrat of All Russia, by command to the glory of God in the Trinity glorified in honor of the Most Holy Mother of God, in the first-conciliar church of Her glorious Assumption, cast a bell from copper of the previous eight thousand pounds, from the creation of the world in 7242, from the Nativity in the flesh of God the Word 1734, her majesty's prosperous reign in the fourth year.
On top, the bell is decorated with images of Moscow miracle workers, and in the middle of the persons of the imperial family, of which Empress Anna Ioannovna is depicted in full growth, but only the head and crown clearly came out.
The bell was raised above the pit and hung on special armpits. In a strong fire in 1737, he fell from the burnt beams into the pit where he was poured, and either from the fall, or from the fact that water was poured on him, he cracked, and a large piece fell out of him.
Elizaveta Petrovna wanted to pour it again, but the estimate of 107.492 rubles 47 kopecks, against the previous 62.008 rubles 9 kopecks, seemed to her too big, so the giant remained in the pit.
There were many projects regarding him later: in 1770, the architect Forstenberg undertook to solder the edge to him; in 1797, the mechanic Girt was instructed to draw up a plan for raising the bell from the pit; in 1819, General Bettencourt commissioned the architect Montferan to examine and describe it; then it was ordered to inspect it to engineer general Fabre. Emperor Nicholas I, having learned about the newly invented method of repairing bells, suggested taking the bell out, repairing it, building a special bell tower for it and hanging it on it. But the enormous size of the bell forced to postpone this matter.
Meanwhile, the bell disfigured the Kremlin Square with a vast pit. The Tsar Bell lay in a deep pit opposite the Chudov Monastery, over the pit was laid a wooden platform with a door. The keys to the door were kept by the ringers of the Ivanovo bell tower. The curious descended down the steep wooden stairs to watch the bell in the dungeon, following the guide, who walked forward with a lit lantern.
In 1836, it was decided to take the bell out and place it on a granite pedestal near the Ivan the Great Bell Tower. Montferan took up the job and, after one unsuccessful experience, on July 23, in 43 minutes, with the help of twenty gates, lifted him.
And on the 26th, the Tsar Bell was placed on a pedestal. A gilded apple with a cross was installed on the top of the bell, and the very inscription with which we began our story was inscribed on a marble board below.
But, as we have already understood, there are two errors in this inscription. The first is that the bell was not cast in 1733, because in January 1734 the Senate office reported that the block and the casing of the bell were finished and asked for permission to fire and start casting. The first casting failed, and the bell was cast again in 1735. The second - the bell stayed in the ground for not one hundred and three years, because the fire was in 1737, but the bell was raised in 1836, so it stayed in the ground for 99 years. Such errors are sometimes presented even by such sources, which, it would seem, should be the most reliable!
Tsar Bell (Russia) - description, history, location. Exact address, phone number, website. Reviews of tourists, photos and videos.
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Almost everyone knows what the Tsar Bell is and where you can see it. However, few people know the history of this most interesting Moscow attraction. Today, the Tsar Bell is located on the territory of the Kremlin - any tourist can touch it and take a picture as a keepsake. And the history of the creation of this huge bell began with Tsar Ivan III. At that time, the rulers of Russia secretly competed with each other in who would make the largest bell, surpassing all previous ones in weight, size and sound strength. Under Ivan III, a bell weighing 8 tons was cast. Under his son Vasily III, a 16-ton bell was made.
The well-known French mechanic King Germain refused the offer to make the Tsar Bell. He simply decided that it was a joke, because he had no idea how a bell of such a huge size could be made. As a result, the Russian master Ivan Motorin took up the work.
Ivan the Terrible went further and ordered a 35-ton bell to be cast. The record for that time was a bell weighing 128 tons, made in 1654 by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. He became an ornament of the temple of Ivan the Great in the Kremlin. However, the heavy bell soon fell and broke. Later, the Great Assumption Bell was made, which also then crashed.
In 1730, Empress Anna Ioannovna decided to make the largest bell at all costs and thereby leave a memory of her reign. She ordered to remake the already existing Big Assumption bell so that its weight was 160 tons. It is worth noting that not all masters agreed to such work. So, the famous French mechanic King Germain refused the offer. He simply decided that it was a joke, because he had no idea how a bell of such a huge size could be made. As a result, the Russian master Ivan Motorin took up the work.
First, he made a small test model weighing 12 pounds and sent all his drawings and a lifting scheme for approval to St. Petersburg. It took more than a year and a half to prepare for the manufacture of the Tsar Bell. The bell itself was cast on November 25, 1735. The dimensions of the Tsar Bell were truly enormous: the height was 6.14 meters, the lower diameter was 6.6 meters. Master Ivan Motorin did not live to see the completion of the work, so his son Mikhail continued his work. By the way, in total, about 200 people worked on the creation of the Tsar Bell: blacksmiths, locksmiths, carpenters, sculptors, carvers and many others.
Alas, they could not raise the bell - it remained in the casting pit. Two years later there was a fire, and the Tsar Bell had to be saved. To prevent the unique product from melting, it was poured with water. But in the end, the metal gave 11 cracks, an impressive piece weighing more than 11 tons fell off the Tsar Bell.
For a whole century, the bell was in the pit, because no one dared to raise such a colossus. Only in 1834, Auguste Montferrand, the creator of St. Petersburg landmarks: the Alexander Column and St. Isaac's Cathedral, was able to pull out this monument of Russian foundry art with the help of complex devices and install it on a pedestal. It is interesting that the tongue from an unknown bell is preserved inside the pedestal. Today the Tsar Bell is a unique work of art. It has no equal in the whole world - it is the largest bell in terms of weight and size.
Caster Ivan Motorin was a true professional. He cast many of the bells in the Kremlin, including Nabatny. For the Tsar Bell, he came up with a very beautiful ornament and sculptural decorations.
The Tsar Bell never rang, but it has become, perhaps, the most famous bell in the world. And not only due to its impressive dimensions, but also due to its weight, which is about 202 tons. But this is not all of its advantages: our giant impresses with its external decor, not to mention the history of creation - interesting, amazing, unique and somewhere not yet fully explored. Touching the Tsar Bell means touching History itself, and taking a photo with it as a keepsake is tantamount to traveling back in time: it feels like you are in the distant past...
Tsar Bell and Archangel Cathedral on Cathedral Square in the KremlinHistory of creation
The Tsar Bell in the form in which we see it today has existed for a century and a half. However, to be objective, the chronicle of this unique attraction begins with the era of Tsar Ivan III Vasilyevich, who ruled in Russia from 1462 to 1505. During his tenure, the largest bell for those times appeared, weighing 8 tons. When his son Vasily III ascended the throne, he ordered to cast "his" bell, which would be superior to his father's - weighing 16 tons. All this resembled some kind of competition: whose bell will be larger.
When Ivan IV, aka the Terrible, came to power, he decided to keep up with his father and grandfather and went even further, ordering a 35-ton bell to be cast. But this value was not the limit. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, nicknamed the Quietest, decided to make his contribution to the "bell production", who ordered in 1654 to cast a new giant, weighing as much as 128 tons and decorating the temple of Ivan the Great in the Kremlin. Alas, after some time this bell fell and broke, apparently unable to bear its own weight.
Empress Anna Ioannovna decided to surpass all her predecessors and, in memory of her reign, ordered a new bell to be cast from the wreckage of the former one, while increasing the amount of metal to 160 tons (10 thousand pounds). In 1730, the idea of the empress began to be realized. True, at first, many did not believe in the reality of the project, especially if we take into account that not all masters were ready to take on such work. One of those who refused was the famous French mechanic Germain. Having received such an offer, he even thought that they decided to play a trick on him. The Frenchman could not imagine how such an impressive bell could be made.
But the Russian master Ivan Motorin did not overcome any doubts - he was confident in his abilities and agreed immediately. He began work on the bell of the Empress by making a trial 12-pood model. At the same time, he sent all his drawings and sketches to St. Petersburg, not forgetting to describe the scheme for lifting the future giant. After the project was approved at the highest level, the master began to manufacture the Tsar Bell.
The work on its manufacture stretched over more than a year and a half, and on November 25, 1735, a grandiose product was cast. The formation of the Tsar Bell was carried out on Ivanovskaya Square, in a hole specially dug for this purpose, 10 meters deep. True, there was a risk that the casing could not withstand the mass of molten metal, so the casters decided to play it safe: the space between the casting pit and the bell shape was covered with carefully compacted earth.
Unfortunately, I. Motorin did not live to see the completion of the work, and his life's work was continued by his son Mikhail. The final melting of the metal was carried out in four melting furnaces and lasted a total of almost two days. The casting itself took a little over an hour. Many tourists, by the way, are interested in: what is the composition of this alloy? According to the conducted laboratory analysis, the Tsar Bell is mainly composed of copper (84.51%). The analysis also showed the presence of tin (13.21%), sulfur (1.25%). Precious metals also found their place in the alloy: there are 72 and 525 kg of gold and silver, respectively, in percentage terms - 0.036% and 0.25%.
When the miracle bell cooled down, minting work began. For this, the giant was placed in a pit, hoisted on a metal grate, which, in turn, rested on twelve oak piles driven into the ground. On top of the pit "crowned" a wooden ceiling. It is worth noting that in total about two hundred people worked on the creation of this monumental product - blacksmiths and sculptors, carvers and locksmiths, carpenters and many others.
When all the work was completed, it was already necessary to raise the Tsar Bell to the surface, but they simply could not do this, and the colossus remained lying in the pit. And two years later, unfortunately, there was a strong fire that could melt this miracle of foundry art to the ground. To prevent this from happening, the Tsar Bell was poured with water. However, to keep it safe and sound, unfortunately, did not work. Although it did not melt, it cracked in many places - eleven of them were counted. And an impressive fragment weighing over 11 tons fell off it.
You won’t believe it, but the Tsar Bell, which was supposed to glorify the reign of Anna Ioannovna, the fourth daughter of Tsar Ivan V - by the way, he was the brother of Tsar Peter I and even was his co-ruler - was in the pit ... a whole century. Why so long? They just couldn't find a way to get him to the surface. And it is not known how much longer the product would have lain in this place if not for Auguste Montferrand, the creator of St. Isaac's Cathedral and the Alexander Column in St. Petersburg. He developed sophisticated devices, thanks to which the unique monument of Russian foundry art was still pulled to the surface and installed on a white stone pedestal.
Features of the exterior decoration
The pedestal under the product was created according to the project of the same Montferrand. The top of the Tsar Bell is crowned with a copper orb with a gilded cross, which is also the development of a French architect, who, by the way, was called August Avgustovich in the Russian manner, sometimes August Antonovich.
The Tsar Bell is remarkable not only for its huge size, but also for its beauty of form and finely drawn bas-reliefs depicting Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and Empress Anna Ioannovna. In addition, here we can see a baroque floral ornament on belts and cartouches, which depicts Christian saints: Jesus Christ with the Virgin Mary, the Apostle Peter and John the Baptist.
Also noteworthy is the diamond-shaped trellis mesh with four-petal rosette flowers and other floral motifs. Beautiful, masterfully executed decor, literally fascinates. Also on the Tsar Bell are inscriptions, from which you can learn some significant facts from the history of its creation. So, in the lower part, under the image of the Empress, in a round medallion you can read the inscription: “The Russian master Ivan Fedorov, son of Motorin, poured this bell with his son Mikhail Motorin.”
Tourists during excursions are often interested: why is it that not only she, but also Alexei Mikhailovich is depicted on the bell, which was cast at the behest of Anna Ioannovna? What does the second tsar from the Romanov dynasty, who ruled in the second half of the 17th century, have to do with the “brainchild” of the empress, whose era fell on the first half of the next century? Recall that the Tsar Bell was made from an old bell cast during the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich. The full-length king in full dress, with a scepter and an orb in his hands, serves as a reminder of this historical fact.
But the name of the sculptor who created the amazing ornamental decoration of the Tsar Bell was forgotten over time. Only the names of Pyotr Galkin, Vasily Kobelev, Pyotr Serebryakov and Pyotr Kokhtev, known at that time as masters of pedestal work, were mentioned. However, they were only assistants to an unknown master. And if it weren’t for the archival materials discovered by the curator, senior researcher at the Moscow Kremlin museums Inna Kostina, it might not have been possible to find out who this sculptor was until now. But now we know him and can name him - this is Fedor Medvedev.
Legend of the Tsar Bell
This incredible legend takes us... where do you think? At the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th centuries, that is, in the time of Peter the Great. It was then, according to legend, that this world-famous landmark was cast.
The plot of the legend is this. Having won the Battle of Poltava, the tsar returned to Moscow with his army, and in honor of the historical triumph over the Swedes in the capital, all the bells rang. Only one bell "refused" to give a voice, and I think you have already guessed which one. The ringers tried their best to shake his tongue, but in vain. Peter I was seriously angry and sent a company of military men to help them. Only nothing came of this either - their efforts led to the fact that the Tsar Bell's tongue came off, it never rang. The people, having learned about this, aptly noticed that the bell is more stubborn than the sovereign himself.
Known for his tough temper, Peter became even more furious, and, taking in his hand a club, which he allegedly took away from the Swedish king Charles XII, he hit the bell with all his might. The blow turned out to be so strong that a whole piece broke off from the product, and he himself, terribly buzzing and starting to vibrate, fell through the ground - and, in a literal sense. The Old Believers and sectarians saw this as a kind of sign and decided that the Tsar Bell, if ever it would still be on the surface and ring, it would be on the day of the Last Judgment.
In 1941, when the Great Patriotic War began, and the enemy was advancing on Moscow, the communications center of the Kremlin regiment was located inside the Tsar Bell. To darken the brilliance of the giant and divert the attention of the German bombers, it was covered with a special paint.
For many years, there have been suggestions to use the Tsar Bell for its intended purpose, and for this it just needs to be soldered. Experts, however, assure that all the work will be in vain, since, in their opinion, it will not be possible to get a clear sound from this giant.
Visit to the Tsar Bell
Admission to the territory of the Moscow Kremlin is carried out from 10 am to 5 pm daily, except Thursday.
A single ticket to visit the architectural ensemble of Cathedral Square costs 500 rubles, there is a 50% discount for students and pensioners, people under 16 and privileged categories of citizens visit the Kremlin for free. In addition to visiting the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon, a single ticket allows you to see the Assumption, Archangel, Annunciation Cathedrals, the Church of the Deposition of the Robe, the Patriarchal Chambers with the Church of the Twelve Apostles, as well as several permanent and current exhibitions
How to get there
Take the metro to the Alexander Garden, which is located near the walls of the Moscow Kremlin, and get off. Here, near the metro station, there are ticket offices to the Kremlin.
Having bought a ticket, go up to the Kutafya Tower, then cross the bridge and, passing the Trinity Tower, find yourself on the territory of the Kremlin. Now you need to reach the Senate Square, turn right and head towards the Ivan the Great Bell Tower. Passing by the Tsar Cannon, on the other side you will see this unique masterpiece of Russian artistic casting - the Tsar Bell.
