Balykley secondary school
Fine art lesson in 6th grade
"The heroic past of our Motherland in the works of fine art"
Work completed
With. Balykley
Theme of the lesson: "The heroic past of our Motherland in the works of fine art"
Goals: give a general overview of the fine arts in the fight against fascism during the war years; instill in children a sense of pride and love for their people; feeling of patriotism; to cultivate a respectful attitude towards the older generation, towards the monuments of the war; to teach to convey planning in a drawing, to develop creative imagination and representation of objects depicted in perspective.
Visual range: portraits of artists (A. Deineka, B. Prorokov, A. Plastov, G. Korzhev);
reproductions of paintings dedicated to the war; exhibition of books about the war, audio recordings of songs about the war.
Equipment for students: albums, brushes, paints.
Teacher equipment: pedagogical drawing (phased construction of a drawing, taking into account perspective.
Lesson type: a lesson in the complex application of knowledge.
During the classes
Lesson caption: "This must not happen again"
(B. Prophets)
I. Organizational moment.
II. Conversation.
60 years ago the Great Patriotic War died down, but its echoes are still heard. More than 20 million lives were taken by this war, there is not a single family that the war would bypass. The whole country worked for victory, strove for this bright day, in the rear and at the front, people showed mass heroism.
Mass heroism led the enemy into confusion. The Germans did not understand its causes, its roots, origins. The exploits of the soldiers frightened the enemy, instilled in him a sense of fear. You are surprised, reading the pages of history, their dedication, willpower, courage. What guided their actions?
Love for the Motherland, a sense of duty, an example of comrades who fought shoulder to shoulder?
B. Okudzhava's song "We need one victory" sounds
It has been considered since ancient times that when cannons speak, the muses are silent. The Great Patriotic War denied this statement: guns rumbled all over the earth; dying, starving and freezing in the siege of the city on the Neva; the city on the Volga was on fire; the Brest Fortress was bleeding, the muses were not silent! Poets wrote poetry, composers composed music, artists painted pictures - and all this was in demand. Maybe that's why our grandfathers survived in that terrible war.
Today our conversation is about the painting of the war years. The first to "talk" in the language of colors were the "Windows of TASS" and the posters of the "Combat Pencil". Exhibited in shop windows, pasted on the walls, they gathered groups of people, on whose faces a smile was born: in these pictures the enemy was not terrible, cruel, he was ridiculous, pitiful, cowardly ...
Especially popular were cartoonists Kukryniksy (union of 3 artists) -,.
Hitler was afraid of cartoons and promised huge sums for the heads of artists.
But still, it should be noted that in the first half of the war, the posters were of a tragic nature: “Free me!”, “Revenge!”. Poster by V. Koretsky "Save the Red Army Warrior!", which depicts a woman clutching her son to her chest, and a bayonet with a fascist swastika is aimed at them. The poster called, begged, ordered...
In the second half of the war, the content of the poster changed: work, a soldier drinks water from a helmet, and immediately there is an inscription: “We drink water from our native Dnieper: We will drink from the Prut, Neman and Bug” (1943).
There was hope for victory. And now, on the poster, a soldier, by the way, very reminiscent of Vasily Terkin, squatted down to pull the top of his boot better: “Let's get to Berlin!” (1944)
But during the war years, entire series of paintings and individual canvases were created.
Alexander Alekseevich Deineka (gg) - People's Artist of the USSR.
"Defense of Sevastopol"
There were hot, bloody battles, those that "not for the sake of glory, for the sake of life on earth." Our troops left Sevastopol, but Deineka wrote “The Defense of Sevastopol” in such a way that we see these sailors fighting to the death as winners.
The picture is very large in size. It depicts a battle of such tension that it seems that you yourself are in the thick of things. The picture clearly shows three plans. In the foreground is a full-length depiction of a sailor who is preparing to throw a bunch of grenades. He just got ready to throw, but we already imagine what will happen in a moment: the avalanche of fascists will turn into a bloody mess. Although there is no avalanche in the picture, the artist cut off the edge of the picture on the right, but the avalanche is felt. This is where the wonders of art lie.
The pose of the sailor in the foreground is given in such a furious dynamics that you feel his victory.
The mood is created due to color: pay attention - the dazzling white clothes of the sailors against the backdrop of a stormy sky contrast with the dark figures of enemies against a light background. They huddle, almost adjacent to the ground.
Consider the second plan. Here, a dead German is opposed to a mortally wounded sailor.
In the background, a bayonet attack - opponents came together in a deadly fight.
The heroism is expressed in facial expressions, in gestures and from the picture there is a feeling of a feat - this is how they protect their native land.
During the war years, the People's Artist of the USSR, full member of the Academy of Arts Arkady Alexandrovich Plastov (gg.)
In 1942, which was very difficult for our country, he painted the painting "The Fascist Flew", in which there is a philosophical understanding of the face of the war.
... Before us is the edge of the autumn forest. Rusty grass. Flowers are not visible, but the sun is still warm and the cattle have something to eat in the wild, there is still a blue sky overhead.
A few moments ago, the shepherd boy looked around with pride: after all, he was entrusted with tending the country cows!
But a fascist flew in, and there was no shepherdess in the world. He buried his face in the ground, moistened the boy's bangs with blood - a child's life was cut short ...
The cows mooed, their heads raised in fear, the dog howled. And the boy was gone forever.
How monstrous the atrocity of the German pilot seems, because he did not shoot the accumulation of the enemy’s military forces, just a boy and a herd of rural cows.
This picture shocked and called for revenge. In 1945, Plastov painted the painting "Harvest". It is extremely simple: an old man and children dine in the field near the sheaves - those who fed the whole of Russia during the war years, on whose shoulders lay the care of provisions for the front and a piece of bread for the rear.
From the picture breathes hope: tomorrow fathers and brothers will return from the front.
It is impossible not to dwell on the work of Boris Ivanovich Prorokov (19 years) - People's Artist of the USSR, corresponding member of the Academy of Arts, graphic artist.
This is a man of courageous fate. He went through the whole war. Fate threw him from south to north, from the Baltic states to the Far East, to China, Manchuria. He always painted - and at the front too. He completed a series of ten works and gave a name that sounds like an alarm - "This should not happen again!"
The success at the exhibition in 1960 was amazing. People watched in silence, carrying the call in their hearts - to fight against fascism, as it brings death to all the people of the planet.
The whole series is made in tempera and ink, in some places enlivened with colored pencils.
Here is the first sheet. It shows a mother breastfeeding a child, holding him tightly to her, but she has a rifle behind her shoulders. The face of the warrior mother is stern, anxious.
Second sheet. The young woman is thrown to the ground. Her hands are tied behind her back, her body is bent from pain and abuse, over youth and tenderness "Savagery" - there is no other name to think of.
Third sheet. "At Babi Yar" - that was the name of the place near Kyiv where the Nazis shot 170 thousand innocent people. The artist embodied this tragedy in the images of three women going to their death. We do not know what they experienced before taking their last steps on earth, but we can guess ...
On the right is an old woman, she carries a lit candle in her hand, protecting her flame from the wind. Next to her, a woman covered her face with her hands, we do not see the eyes, but the whole body is mournful! On the left is a young woman with eyes full of tears, hatred and anger. They go to death, but they are above death.
All the pictures were created when the Prophets was very ill, and, defeating this illness, he nevertheless turned to the visions of the past so that they would not be repeated in today's reality.
Gely Mikhailovich Korzhev. When the war began, he was not even 16 years old. At this moment, the artist's youth was interrupted. The cycle of his paintings "Scorched by the Fire of War" includes the canvases "Seeing", "Barrier", "Traces of War", "Mother", "Old Wounds". Each of them is meaningful, deep in thought, original in compositional structure - it creates a completely complete image. They are a panorama of life, struggle, suffering during the Great Patriotic War. All the pictures are filled with human experiences and such pain that they involuntarily attract to themselves, make them delve into their content.
"Barrier". The people are exposed by the fascists as a living barrier. They stand full-length facing the advancing troops of the Soviet Army, with their backs to the Germans hiding in the trenches and waiting. Both are waiting. Some - what the Soviet soldiers will do, others - how the suicide bombers standing at the parapet will behave. One wrong move and a shot in the back. A rural intellectual, probably a teacher, waits calmly, the look of a woman is anxious, the child does not yet understand the horror of his situation. And below, at the feet, the muzzles of machine guns and the cruel faces of enemies blacken. It is difficult to imagine what was going on in the minds of each of those put on the edge of the trench, in fact, on the edge of life. And even the natural fear of death did not kill human dignity in people, did not deprive them of their courage.
Korzhev writes with irresistible force about what excites different people, in the ability to set realistic traditions before himself. The paintings combine today and the author's view of tomorrow.
May the name of Russia be glorified!
We remember: fire and iron
The enemy of our land was tortured,
In the fields not with tears, but with blood
Mother wept over the dead.
Immortal name - Russia -
Lightning wrote to us in the sky
Strengthening the soldier's oath
Stand for the Motherland to the death.
Wash away any lies
Her ancient legends
And the truth, strengthened in thunderstorms,
It gets taller, more visible.
Keeps us in sorrow and in happiness
The immortal name of Russia,
May our conscience be clear
Forever and ever before her.
The song "I love you, Russia!"
III. Independent work.
Guys, love Russia - our Motherland, our Earth. There is nothing better than her. And now, let's try with the help of colors to depict the heroic past of our Motherland, the exploits of our grandfathers and dedicate our work to the 60th anniversary of the Victory.
I.Y. Review of works (lesson analysis).
Y. Summary of the lesson.
With the work of which artists did we get acquainted with in the lesson?
How has the content of the posters of the beginning and end of the war changed?
What feelings do you experience when looking at the paintings of artists?
YI. Homework
Find reproductions of battle paintings, think about the mood conveyed in the work, and the means of expressing this mood.
TOPIC: "My Motherland in music, literature, fine arts" (integrated lesson)
Goal and tasks:
Show the image of the Motherland in the synthesis of arts;
To acquaint students with the poetic and state symbols of Russia;
To arouse interest in the study of the history of their homeland, its state symbols;
To cultivate a sense of love and pride in one's Fatherland through music, poetry,
Paintings.
DECOR:
Exhibition of books: “Russia is my dear mother, my home, the holy land”;
Portrait gallery of Russian poets and musicians;
Exhibition of paintings by Russian artists.
EPIGRAPH:
Oh Russia! With a difficult fate, the country ...
I have you, Russia, like one heart,
I'll tell a friend, I'll tell an enemy
Without you, as without a heart, I can not live.
(Yulia Drunina)
EQUIPMENT:
Record player
player
piano
DURING THE CLASSES:
1. Today in the lesson we will make an excursion into the depths of centuries in order to once again recall our ancestors, the SLAVES, where the name of our state came from - Russia. We will learn how poets, musicians, artists sang our Motherland in their work. Let's summarize our knowledge about the symbols of our Fatherland (both poetic and state).
To sing about Russia - what to strive for in the Temple.
Over forest mountains, field carpets…
To sing about Russia - what to meet spring,
What to wait for the bride, what to console the mother ...
To sing about Russia - what to forget longing,
That love, to love, that to be immortal.
(I. Severyanin)
THE MUSIC OF THE GUSLEY SOUNDS
It was a long time ago, in the country where we live, there were no huge cities, no stone houses, no villages, no villages. There were only fields and dense forests in which wild animals lived. On the banks of the rivers, far from each other, there were poor buildings. Our distant ancestors lived in them.
What were they called? (SLAVS). This name comes from the word "glory", i.e. "praise".
Where did our ancestors live in ancient times, what was the name of the Slavic land? (RUS).
Where did this name come from?
In the Middle Dnieper, where the river Ros flows into the Dnieper, there was a Slavic tribe Rus. We will not be embarrassed by the fact that the letters “o” and “y” are constantly changing in the name of this people (“ros”, the river Ros and “rus”, Russia). So these letters changed in the old days, and in our time we also speak in two ways: “Russian language”, “Russia”. PoetIvan Savvich Nikitinso he wrote about our Russia:
“There is already a reason, mighty Russia
love you, call you mother,
Stand for your honor against the enemy,
For you in need to lay down his head.
2 .PICK THE WORD "RUSSIA" - SYNONYMS. (RUS - RUSSIA - HOMELAND - FATHERLAND) (the word "Russia" is written on the board)
Look closely at the word ... - How do you understand it?
S. Yesenin spoke about this word as follows:
"Russia! The word is so sonorous and pure!
Like spring water! Strong - like a diamond!
Delicate - like a baby ... Expensive, like a mother!
What poems about Russia do you know?
Russia.
Dew consists of dewdrops, We are together: Kalmyks, Chuvashs,
From the droplets of steam - fog, Buryats, Yakuts, Mordovians.
Sand - from the smallest grains of sand, Our only support
Russia is from Russians. There is always Moscow.
For a long time we are united in spirit Earth and water are inseparable,
And bound by a common fate, Like a shore or a river,
We were all inspired by the Motherland Inseparable downpours,
For feat, for work and for battle. And wind and clouds.
We are together: Volzhans, Urals, The rainbow has no halves.
Pomors and steppes - And if a wave - then a wave,
Look like strong fingers And there are no dewdrops,
Big working hand. That's how Russia is one. ( V. Kryuchkov)
“Hello, Russia, my homeland!
Stronger than storms, stronger than any will
Love for your barns at the stubble,
Love for you, a hut in an azure field.
(N.Rubtsov)
Today at the lesson we will learn a new song
(GUYS LEARN THE SONG "MY RUSSIA" - music by Struve, lyrics by Solovyova
3. WE SELECT THE FOLLOWING SYNONYM FOR THE WORD "RUS" articulatory gymnastics
(the word "Motherland" is written on the board)
Where did this word come from?
What is its original meaning?
Find the "root" in this word?
ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY gives the following information:
Common Slavic, derived from the word ROD. The original meaning is "family"; hereinafter referred to as "deposits".
AND NOW LET'S FIND HOW THE ENCYCLOPEDIC DICTIONARY EXPLAINS THIS WORD.
(children read out: “homeland” is a place, a country where a person was born) showing a song by prepared children
Do you know poems about the Motherland? - Who wrote them?
“If they say the word “motherland”, “Motherland”, - we say, worrying,
Immediately in memory rises Dal without edge we see before us,
Old house, currants in the garden, This is our childhood, our youth,
Thick poplar at the gate The maturity of you and me will not pass.
By the river there is a birch - the modest Motherland! Holy Fatherland!
And chamomile hillock ... Coppices. Groves. Shores.
And others will probably remember the Golden Wheat Field,
His native Moscow courtyard ... Haystacks blue from the moon.
Or the red steppe from poppies, The sweet smell of cut hay.
Virgin gold ... The conversation in the village in a singsong voice,
The homeland is different, Where the star sat down on the shutter,
But everyone has one!” To the ground a little - almost flying.
(Z. Alexandrova) Motherland! Land of fathers and grandfathers!
We fell in love with these clovers
Having tasted spring freshness
From the edge of a clinking bucket.
“If the holy army shouts: It will hardly be forgotten
Throw you, Russia, live in paradise. And forever remain holy ...
I will say: “There is no need for paradise, the Earth that was called the Motherland,
Give me my country"(S. Yesenin) If we have to, we will protect with our hearts.
four . THE GAME . The people have many proverbs and sayings about Russia, about the Motherland. Do you remember them?
We are going to play a little game now. It's called "Fold the proverb." You will be given 6 proverbs. Whoever folds them faster - well done.
A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song. On the other side, and the spring is not red.
Needed where was born. A man has one mother, and he has one Motherland.
Motherland is a mother, know how to stand up for her. For your Motherland, do not spare either strength or life.
5 . The Russians are a musically gifted nation. With great pride we pronounce the names of Russian composers who sang the beauty and nobility of the Russian soul, the greatness of Russian nature, the exploits of Russian heroes.
Which of these people can you name?
(children list Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Rachmaninoff, Mussorgsky, Borodin)
What did Tchaikovsky sing in his music?
IN THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TEACHER THE FRAGMENT OF THE PLAY “OCTOBER. AUTUMN SONG".
Which of the composers is rightfully considered the founder of Russian music? (the guys call Glinka, show his portrait).
THE FINAL FROM THE OPERA "IVAN SUSANIN" SOUNDS- showing video material (remember the hero's aria performed by the teacher, and give a definition of music written in the folk spirit).
What do you think: where does the Motherland begin? In one of the previous lessons, you wrote a short essay on this topic. I really liked your thoughts. Some of them I decided to read to you.
THE SONG "WHERE DOES THE MOTHERLAND START?" PERFORMED by M. Bernes, music by Basper, lyrics. Matusovsky.
The result of your creative work?
6 . And now we will talk about poetic symbols.
Do we have them in our country?
What is her personification? (this is birch)
What song about a birch tree does everyone know: from young to old?
Birch - white swan,
I stand next to you
To you, my timid one,
I sing a song.
(A. Prokofiev)
CHILDREN PERFORM THE RUSSIAN FOLK SONG "IN THE FIELD THE BIRCH STOOD"
Russian birch is a symbol of Russian nature. Since ancient times, with the approach of spring, the girls praised the sun god, the Slavs called him Lel or Lyul. These words - names are used in many Slavic songs. Girls dressed up birch trees with ribbons, all sorts of handicrafts, tied birch branches together with rings.
What national holiday are we talking about?(TRINITY)
Did they only sing at these holidays?
(the guys say that on holidays they danced around birches, glorifying their mighty gods).
THE GUYS CHOOSE A GUIDE AND LEAD A DANCE.
7. Birch is a favorite tree of Russian people. Slender, curly, white-trunked, she was always compared in Russia with a tender and beautiful girl, a bride. Our poets and artists dedicated their best works to her.
Do you know any birch verses?
I love the Russian birch. Again about them, curly and whitish ...
Now light, now sad, And what is there to do if in Russia
In a white sarafan, birch trees are found on all roads,
With handkerchiefs in their pockets, At least a day, at least a year, at least forever wheels.
With beautiful fasteners, "Russia" - birches whisper to me,
With green earrings. "Russia" - the reeds whisper,
I love her elegant "Russia" - the key murmurs in the hollow,
Native, beloved, And I quietly echo them: "Rus!"
That clear, ebullient, Your load is not difficult for me.
That sad, crying. I grew up in the field, I am Russian forelock,
I love Russian birch. And I love you in Russian
She is always with her friends My birch Russia!
Bent low under the wind(A.Novikov)
And bends, but does not lie down.
CHILDREN ARE OFFERED AN EXPOSITION OF PICTURES OF RUSSIAN NATURE.
The Russian birch was captured in their paintings by the artists Plastov and Levitan, Kuindzhi and Savrasov.
Writer V.M. Garshin, looking at the pictureA.K. Savrasova "The Rooks Have Arrived",said: “I would call this picture “Feeling of the Motherland”. And the ringing spring drops, and haze, and thin birch trees - all this is so familiar and so dear. This amazing picture gives rise to love for Russia, the Motherland.
in front of the picture "Birch Grove" A.I. Kuindzhifeel special joy. This is what happens when you enter a birch grove on a summer day and feel the beauty of your homeland. Around are green-haired quiet and silent birches.
We have a pictureI.I. Levitan "Birch Grove". White-trunked birch trees, covered with young bright green foliage, a thick carpet of emerald grass, the sun's rays cannot leave
nobody indifferent. The picture captivates with the freshness and play of colors, the thrill of life itself.
looking at a picture"Gold autumn" , involuntarily recall the words of Pushkin:
I love the magnificent nature of wilting,
Forests clad in crimson and gold…
Levitan's landscapes, imbued with love for the Motherland, for its forests, fields and meadows, cannot but evoke a reciprocal love for what he depicts.
8. And now listen to the song "What are you sad, birch ...", which was written by our compatriot: Petukhova Tatyana Ivanovna, who herself writes and herself performs her songs about her native land.
What is this song about?
CONCLUSION : wherever the birch grows, everywhere it brings people joy and light. Birch is a symbol of Russia, our Motherland. And she will be in our open spaces forever, because our people are eternal.
The bread that a person feeds on. The land on which man lives. A mother who gives life... Without all this, it is simply impossible for a person to live, but among all the most cherished, a person has a Motherland. Motherland is the land, city and village where you were born and live, your friends, close neighbors. This is your mother and father, therefore the Motherland is also called the Fatherland, like a native home - a stepfather's house.
MEANS ANOTHER SYNONYM FOR THE WORD "RUSSIA" - this is the word "FATHERLAND" or "FATHERLAND". FIND THE "ROOT" IN THESE WORDS AND CHOOSE ONE-ROOT WORDS.
"FATHERLAND" - comes from the word "FATHER", the Greek word patria (patriot).
I love the Fatherland, but with a strange love!
My mind won't defeat her.
Nor glory bought with blood
Nor full of proud trust peace.
No dark antiquity cherished legends
Do not stir in me a pleasurable dream.
But I love - for what, I don’t know myself ...(M.Yu. Lermontov)
9. We found out that the poetic symbol of our state is a birch. But each state also has official symbols. Every true patriot of his country should know them.
Name them to me. (the guys name the coat of arms, flag and anthem)
What state symbol did we get acquainted with in our lessons?
Have you done your homework?
(children talk about what a hymn is)
The anthem is a solemn song, a symbol of state unity. The origins of hymns are hidden in the depths of history. For the first time, the need for a hymn in court-military use arose under Peter the Great.
The first official anthem of Russia appeared during the reign of Emperor Alexander the First. The English anthem of the 1745 model was taken as a sample."God, save the King." The Russian text for the English anthem was written by V.A. Zhukovsky. The music was composed by A.V. Lvov. For the first time, the national anthem was performed on December 11, 1833 at the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow. It sounded until February 1917. After the February Revolution, the question arose of a new state symbolism. Composer A.T. Grechaninov and poet K.D. Balmont wrote"Hymn of Free Russia".But the cycle of events in 1917 did not allow this work to be realized.
After the October Revolution, as the anthem of Soviet Russia, and then the Soviet Union was approved"International". The Russian text based on the text by E. Pottier was composed in 1902 by A.E. Kots.
The new national anthem was written by A.V. Aleksandrov to the words of S.V. Mikhalkov and sounded on the night of January 1, 1944. Subsequently, the text of the anthem was reworked. In 1977, the most significant changes were made to it.
The idea of creating a Russian anthem arose in 1990. As the music of the future anthem was approved"Patriotic Song"M.I. Glinka. But this song did not have a poetic basis and was not approved as a national anthem by law. Deputies of the State Duma and members of the Federation Council decided: to approve the national anthem of Russia to the words of Mikhalkov and the music of Alexandrov. The law "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" was adopted on December 8, 2000 by the State Duma, approved on December 20 by the Federation Council and signed on December 25, 2000 by the President of the Russian Federation.
I ASK ALL TO STAND FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NATIONAL ANTHEM OF RUSSIA.
Our journey is over, but it won't be the last. Read books about Russia, listen to music about Russia, admire the beauty of Russia! Be real children of your Fatherland!
Similarities and differences between literary and musical speech
The Image of the Motherland in Russian Music and Literature
Russia, Russia, there is no word more beautiful...
Motherland, Russia, Russia! Singing tremulously and with inspirationwriters and composers the image of the Fatherland, Motherland.It is works of art that help us
feel learn and understand their attitude to the Motherland, they teach carefullytreat nature, appreciate people, preserve culture of his people.
Read an excerpt from V. Belov's story.
|
Quiet my homeland, you<...>you heal the soul of your green ty tire. But will there be a limit to silence! Like a cunning fox, wagged its tail my path is lost in the grass, and I do not go out to the young birches, and white fairy tales of my land. Washed by the July rains, they bashfully along the branches, muffling the two-note, it is not clear, but where is the audible the voice of the cuckoo: "Uk-ku, uk-ku!" - as if someone is blowing briefly and rhythmically ... And again the birch rustle tremblingly grows. |
I sit down by the warm haystack and think
that's from waving time yet
some half a century and birches need
just one
songs, and songs too because they die
like people.
And I wonder in the shellstee of birches eternal reproach human witnessesof grief and joy.
These have been related to us for centuriestrees, gave our ancestors creaky bast shoesand a hot, smokeless torch, grew odorousbrooms, rods, skids,
saved melodiousness for paink horns...
I hug my native land, I hear warmth
native grass...
Note that the content of this passage is ambiguous. Hismetaphorical (hidden comparison) - all nature is animated, endowed with human properties - close to music, in which we do not see a person, but feel his presence thanks to the expressive possibilities of musical art to convey feelings and emotions. The whole text is about silence, and at the same time it is filled with sounds, it seems that you yourself hear the life of nature, immerse yourself in this atmosphere with all your feelings. Here everything sounds, breathes music.
The relationship of music, literature, painting.
Listen to the music of SV Rachmaninoff, a fragment of the third piano concerto.
Listen to "Evening Music" by the contemporary composer Valery Gavrilin from the symphony-action "Chimes".
Listen to the music of P.I. Tchaikovsky Symphony No. 4 (2nd part)
What feelings is this music filled with?
Look at the picture "Hacks. Twilight" by I. Levitan
2. What do you think shows the musicality of the lyricof the writer V. Belov's thoughts?
3. Task: Find musical terms us in his text. Is it consonant with this literary frag mentu picturesque landscape “Hacks. Twilight” by I. Levitan?
Literary and musical speech
The most common genre of musical and literary creativity -song.
It is on the examplesongssimilarities and differences betweenliterary speech and musical speech.
expressive speech sounds sometimes so musically, such convincing pauses and accents in it, the main words, the most important in meaning, are so accurately highlighted! Such speech is beautiful, visible ... It seems that it is about to turn intotune…
Answer the question: What is more significant in vocal works: music or poetry?
Read the poem in I. Turgenev's prose "Village" so that the one who listens to you feels the mood, sees everything that is being said. Think about why the writer called his short story "a prose poem."
The last day of the month of June; for a thousand miles around Russia is a native land. The whole sky is filled with even blue; only one cloud on it - either floating or melting. Calm, warm weather... Larks are ringing... And it smells of smoke, and grass... A deep and gentle ravine... A stream runs along the ravine; at the bottom of it, small pebbles seem to tremble through light ripples. In the distance, at the end-edge of the earth and sky - the bluish line of a large river ...
The plots of all works of art are different. But they are related by a poetic worldview, a high feeling of love for the Motherland, which gives rise to the responsibility of each of us for its fate. The artistic and poetic thought of these works is largely similar. It is also clearly expressed in the genre of Russian folk songs, the figurative structure and musical-poetic language of which has evolved over the centuries. It is no coincidence that to this day the folk drawn-out lyrical song excites us and is dear to us.
Think about how the song relateswords and melody? Is this song close to folk?
In the summer and autumn of 2006, in the buildings and halls of the Vologda Regional Art Gallery, the III All-Russian Art Exhibition of Landscape "The Image of the Motherland" was exhibited, organized by the Union of Artists of Russia and the Government of the Vologda Region.
Now Muscovites can see some of the works from the exhibition. In the Central House of Artists from February 1 to 11, 2007, paintings were exhibited at an exhibition under the same name.
And this time the organizers - the Union of Artists of Russia, the ART PRIMA Gallery, the Vologda Regional Art Gallery - were able to create an interesting, rich exposition that demonstrated a complete picture of the development of the Russian realistic landscape. As before in Vologda, part of the halls was given to the heritage of the great classics, such as A. Savrasov, A. Kuindzhi, V. Vasnetsov, S. Zhukovsky, I. Levitan, K. Bogaevsky, P. Konchalovsky, and others. The audience sincerely admired wonderful works of famous painters, unfortunately, who have passed away:, A. Gritsay,. Next to them, the canvases of modern masters looked organically: V. Ivanov, G. Sysolyatin, Yu. Pavlov, S. Smirnov and others. building their works. The immediacy of the plastic language, the poetic excitement, the dynamism of the stroke are inherent in landscapes, V. Glukhova, I. Glukhova. Associative, largely metaphorical images of nature attract attention in the canvases. In a word, we have revealed a huge variety of creative methods and stylistic preferences of artists who are united, first of all, by love for their native land, for all its nooks and crannies. “The landscape genre is traditional for Russian painting, one of the most emotional in the visual arts. Throughout its development, the landscape, being a picture of nature, constantly changed both in its content and in its figurative structure. It underwent the greatest changes in the 20th century. The exhibition “The Image of the Motherland” is designed to show all the richness and versatility of landscape painting of the 20th - early 21st centuries, whose representatives have an individual vision of nature, their own coloristic approach to its interpretation,” wrote V. M. Sidorov. Projects of this level and scale are not a frequent occurrence in contemporary Russian cultural life.
Attendance at the exposition of the exhibition "Image of the Motherland" in the Central House of Artists reaffirmed the interest of viewers in high-quality painting.
Today we will analyze the poem "Motherland" by Lermontov. The author wrote it in the year of his death - in 1841. As a basis, we will take one of the generally accepted schemes for the study of lyrical works, but we will make our own adjustments to it. A plan for analyzing the poem "Motherland" by Lermontov is in front of you. Study, think with us.
Story
The poem "Motherland" was written in March 1841, and already in July the great poet was mortally wounded in a duel. It is known that initially it was called "Fatherland". Did you have to change because of it? The fact is that "fatherland" was the term of the Decembrists, which meant "civic duty, patriotism." This did not coincide with the main idea that Lermontov put into the work. The cornerstone of the poem was the impressions that he received during a trip through all of Russia, when he returned from St. Petersburg to the regiment in the Caucasus.
Genre and composition of the work
Conventionally, "Motherland" can be divided into two unequal parts. The first six lines are polemical, the rest are elegy. In the first, the poet speaks about the Motherland in general, about how big and beautiful it is. He introduces the motif of space into the work to show all the splendor of Russia. Thanks to sonorous consonants, the poem sounds very poetic. Lermontov gladly uses hyperbole and alliteration to enhance the impression of the reader.
Further, the point of view of the lyrical hero changes - he descends to the ground, sees a couple of whitening birches on the hill, village lights. He notices every detail of the picture unfolding before him. This is a peasant's hut with shutters, a full threshing floor. By the end of the poem, the lyrical hero stops watching and takes part in the village festival himself. Thus, the composition of the poem shows us how new and unexpected the impressions that the poet puts into the work.
The theme of the poem "Motherland" Lermontov
So what is this piece about? Its main theme is, of course, love for the motherland. At the same time, the feeling, according to the lyrical hero himself, is strange. Why? To answer this question, it is necessary to make a brief digression into the work of Lermontov.
Consider the poem "Complaints of the Turk". It was written in 1828, when Lermontov was only 14 years old. Already in it we see that the poet's love for Russia is rather irrational. In this poem, Lermontov angrily describes everything that he hates in a country where a person groans from slavery and chains. But here he claims that he loves his homeland, his native land.
In another poem, written in 1840 or 1841, Lermontov will call the Motherland "a country of slaves, a country of masters." It is believed that the poet wrote it on the eve of exile to the Caucasus. After that, he was accused of lack of patriotism. In response to criticism, a few months before his death, Lermontov wrote the poem "Motherland". In it, the poet tries to explain why he loves Russia.
Let's continue the analysis of the poem "Motherland" by Lermontov. From the first lines, he denies everything that could be considered causes. This is not a civil service, sung by the Decembrists, not official patriotism and not the past of Russia.
The poet repeats his idea three times - his feeling for his homeland is strange, which reason cannot overcome. He admits that he himself does not know why he loves Russia. Such love - against all odds - is very similar to the intimate feelings we have for another person.
However, there is still patriotism in Lermontov's soul. It is enough to look at how he describes the nature of his native land, village amusement places.
Artistic Features
The first part of the poem sounds solemn, then the language becomes more accessible and simpler. The absence of pathos is associated with the general concept embedded in the work. Because of this, the size of the poem also changes. It begins with iambic five- and six-foot, and then Lermontov easily moves on to four-foot.
The main artistic and expressive means are epithets ("the cold silence of the steppes") and comparisons ("the floods of its rivers, like the seas").
Significance
The poem "Motherland" is considered one of the most famous works of the great poet. This is not at all surprising. He wrote about patriotism in a way that no one had done before him. Of course, contemporaries did not immediately appreciate the depth of thought that the poet put into the poem. However, critics already then understood the importance of what M.Yu. Lermontov. The poem "Motherland" V. Belinsky called "Pushkin", recognizing it as one of the best works of the poet. N. Dobrolyubov, in turn, noted that Lermontov, it turns out, "understands love for the fatherland truly, holy and reasonable."
Instead of a conclusion
The analysis of the poem "Motherland" by Lermontov is completed. No wonder it is considered a masterpiece of Russian literature. In conclusion, we note that this poem established in poetry the genre of lyrical reflection on the homeland, complemented by images of the village and nature. We hope you liked our analysis of the poem "Motherland" by Lermontov!
