On the eve of the celebration of VICTORY DAY, the note by Valery Tsvetkov "The only one in the world" . It tells about the history of the emergence of three monuments in Kozelsk: in 1996, a T-54M tank, a ZIS-3 cannon, and a MiG-17 aircraft were installed on pedestals near the House of Culture of the Russian Army. The T-54M tank is especially noted in the article by V. Tsvetkov - "Object 139", as the only copy of such tanks left in the world. The article describes in detail how this military equipment got on the pedestals. Our colleagues from the site were the first to respond to the publication sosensky.info, highlighting the most , according to the author, article numbers.

This issue did not leave us indifferent, and we, after Great Victory Day , visited all these monuments in Kozelsk, made sure that the tank and gun are in perfect order and adequately reflect the power of our Armed Forces. And even the plane, despite its " shabby"by time and by the curious, it still strives upward, awakens fantasies and calls the Kozel boys with its contours to the sky. Our military observer Oleg Fedoseev had the idea to tell a little more about the history of these particular types of weapons and equipment so that the Kozels, being near the monuments , would think about the fact that each combat unit installed here on a pedestal has not only its own history of hoisting on a pedestal in Kozelsk, but also a history of creation and combat use.

Monument - Tank

If the pedestal is installed tank T-54M "Object 139" , then this specimen is indeed (V. Tsvetkov writes about this) very rare, if not the only one. Then it would be more correct to call it simply "Object 139", as a copy that was not included in the series and not accepted for service. Although in the specialized literature of the 1950s. this tank is referred to as the T-54M tank, although other samples, including those adopted for service, passed under this name. In particular T-54M "Object 137M". But in general, this is the same T-54.

Tank "Object 139" differed from the serial T-54 tank in that, due to the installation of a more powerful main weapon, its cast turret was changed. A 100-mm rifled D-54TS tank gun with a muzzle brake and a coaxial 7.62-mm SGMT machine gun were placed in the tank turret. Instead of a 12.7 mm DShK machine gun, an anti-aircraft machine gun mount with a 14.5 mm KPVT machine gun was installed. In addition, fuel racks were introduced on this machine, increasing the total capacity of the fuel tanks to 980 liters. To conduct combat operations at night, the tank used infrared observation devices and a night sight.

"Object 139" , was developed in 1955 and was a modified version of the T-54 tank. In addition to testing new weapons, it also tested a more powerful diesel engine with a capacity of 426 kW (580 hp). The details of the transmission and chassis were also improved.

Three prototypes of the tank were produced in 1956, and in January 1957 they were sent for testing, which took place at the NIIBT training ground in Kubinka. Then "Object 139" did not pass the test. The tank was not recommended for mass production due to a flaw in the tank gun, its stabilization system, and insufficient reliability of the newly used transmission and running gear parts. The fate of two, out of three released tanks, "Object 139", we now know from a newspaper article "Our town". The history of the third tank remains unknown.

Indeed, if taken quantitatively, tank T-54M "Object 139" rare. But in fact, this is the same T-54, only subjected to modification, moreover, not so radical in comparison with the production model. Outwardly, for an uninformed person, it is practically indistinguishable from serial models. Unlike his other counterparts in the T-54 brand. It turns out that "Object 139" , this is also a T-54 tank, albeit a different one from the standard configuration. But after all, other T-54s are not all twin brothers. Changes in the design and configuration of the tank occurred constantly. Compare.

The origin of the tank took place during the Great Patriotic War.

The prototype was the T-44 tank, which did not participate in the hostilities of the Great Patriotic War, but is well known to us from films about the war, during the filming of which, after a small dummy, it depicts the German "Tigers".

T-54 model 1945

T-54 model 1945

T-54 mod. 1949

T-54A model 1955

T-54M "Object 139"

T-54M "Object 139"

T-54M "Object 137M" 1977

See how even outwardly the image of the tank changed until it took on its final appearance - already the serial T-54, the latest releases, switching to the T-55 model. Yes, and it did not become final, giving rise to new, more modern models of T-62 tanks and beyond. And these transitions were carried out precisely through testing and testing on serial models of new weapons and technical inventions in the field of tank building. So there were experimental samples.

Rare in number, but not unique in value. A kind of model-test samples, on which they try on and test a novelty, before launching into a series.

Therefore, you will not find them in the famous museum in Kubinka. There was no place even for truly unique samples of Soviet tank building with a capital letter. Tanks, similar to which, even outwardly, there is no, and never will be in any country in the world.

But we have a different topic, so let's get back to the T-54.

This is one of the most numerous tanks in the world. Taking into account all modifications and licensed foreign releases, the total number of cars produced is about 100,000 pieces .

T-54 did not have to take part in the Great Patriotic War.

But, on the other hand, he got all subsequent wars and conflicts. Southeast and Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa, Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, in all these regions, the T-54 and its subsequent modifications participated in the hostilities. It was and is in service with more than 70 countries of the world. It is possible that during the deployment of a self-propelled tank battalion in Kozelsk in the 50s, it could also have T-54s in its arsenal. Whether so it, probably, old-timers of city will be able to prompt. They can also remember the AT-T artillery tractors (BATs), also made on the basis of the T-54.

Monument - Cannon

The ZIS-3 gun can rightly be called the weapon of Victory. This is the most famous and most massive gun of the Second World War.

« This gun is a masterpiece in artillery system design.”- said I. Stalin, when he first saw the ZIS-3 on trials. "... the Soviet ZiS-3 was the best weapon of the Second World War", Professor Wolf, the chief engineer of the artillery department of the German corporation Krupp, also noted.

"76-mm divisional gun mod. 1942" it was under this name that the ZIS-3 was put into service on February 12, 1942. Although its first model left the factory on June 22, 1941, by the time it was officially put into service, at least a thousand ZIS-3s had already fought at the front. It was designed to solve such problems: the destruction of enemy manpower; suppression and destruction of firing points and enemy artillery; destruction of barriers; destruction of enemy tanks and other mechanized means; supporting the infantry with fire and wheels (the ability to move the gun after the infantry only by the forces of the gun crew).

This made the ZIS-3 universal, which compensated for the lack of specialized guns. Thanks to its high manufacturability, the ZIS-3 became the first artillery gun in the world to be put into mass production and conveyor assembly.

Until the end of the war, the ZIS-3 firmly held the status of the main divisional gun, and since 1944, due to a slowdown in the production of 45-mm guns and a shortage of 57-mm ZIS-2 guns, the ZIS-3 actually became the main anti-tank gun of the Red Army. By the way, the ZIS-3 divisional gun owes its appearance to its older sister, the 57-mm ZIS-2 anti-tank gun, developed in 1940 and put into service in 1941. They are very similar and an ignorant person will distinguish them only by the barrel, which is longer in the ZIS-2 and without a muzzle brake. At the time of release, the ZIS-2 was the most powerful anti-tank gun. For this, and suffered, it was removed from production. Since the armor of the tanks was not an obstacle for her shells, they pierced the tank through and through, without harming it, except for an unplanned new hole. Unless, of course, they fell into the ammunition or crew. But with the strengthening of the armor of German tanks, the production of the ZIS-2 was restored in 1942, although the preference for the production of guns still remained with the ZIS-3, as a more versatile weapon. In December 1942, on the basis of the ZIS-3 and the T-70 light tank, the famous SU-76 self-propelled gun was created, which, in terms of mass production, ranked second after the T-34 tank.

Having gone through the entire war, the ZIS-3 gun remained in service for a long time, and in some foreign countries it is still in service. She also participated in wars and conflicts around the world.

Monument - Plane

MiG-17 - fighter aircraft. The prototype was the no less famous MiG-15 fighter, one of the best and most massive fighter. But the merits and fame of the MiG-17 are no less significant. It was in service with more than 40 countries of the world, taking part in wars and conflicts in different parts of the globe, on different continents. He performed particularly well during the Vietnam War.

Work on its creation began in the late 40s. Passed tests and began to be mass-produced since 1951. In addition to the fighter, modifications of the interceptor, fighter-bomber, reconnaissance aircraft were produced. The aircraft was produced until 1958. In our country it was in service until the 70s. In the future, many machines were transferred to the DOSAAF aviation, where they were used for training. Here are the wings of our MiG, just from one of such a former DOSAAF Aviation Training Center, and he himself may be from there, because. there were no more MiG-17s in the military units.

As you can see, all three monuments are not just weapons, but military equipment with a rich military history. Brought fame and respect to Soviet weapons around the world. Monuments of the era not only of the Second World War, but also "Cold War" which followed almost immediately after it.

According to another aspect, the location of these monuments - a tank, a cannon, an airplane - can be considered correct. They are, in a way, a memory of those officers who were among the first to join the new type of troops - the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces). At that time, we still did not have special schools for training officers for the Strategic Missile Forces. The basis of the new units were representatives of other branches of the armed forces. It was the military aviation schools in Kharkov and Serpukhov, as well as the artillery school in Rostov, that became the basis for the formation of schools for a new kind of troops.

Yes, and with the advent of the Strategic Missile Forces, as we remember, the slogan was uttered that we do not need planes and tanks, and the guns have become obsolete. The armed forces were sharply reduced. The graduates of the same tank and artillery schools were directly distributed to the Strategic Missile Forces. Yes, and the old emblems of missilemen, as we remember, are artillery ones.

I have a personal relationship with the tank monument. It was in the Kantemirovskaya division, where this tank was brought from, that my father served on similar T-54/55 vehicles in the 50s. With the beginning of the formation of the 28th Guards Rocket Division, he was sent to serve in Kozelsk. And so, years later, the T-54 from his first, tank division, stood as a monument in the city where he lived and served.

• Medium tank T-54 and vehicles based on it. NPZh "Equipment and weapons" 10.2008

On the Alley of Heroes of the Moscow Automobile Plant named after I. A. Likhachev, a memorial was erected in honor of the military and labor feats of automakers during the Great Patriotic War.

The plant sent 16 thousand people to the front. Of these, three armored units were formed: the 63rd separate tank brigade, which began its journey near Naro-Fominsk, and two separate units of the 24th tank brigade. Hundreds of plant soldiers were awarded high government awards. 16 Zilovites became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The Memorial of Glory is a granite stele with a relief image of three warriors. On the stele there is a laurel branch with a red five-pointed star, the names of the dead car factory workers are carved above them. Next to the stele on a bronze plate is the inscription: "Avtozavodtsy - avtozavodtsam! Fathers and brothers, mothers and sisters, comrades and friends of ours in memory of military and labor exploits during the Great Patriotic War."

The memorial was built at the expense of the workers of the enterprise. It was opened on May 8, 1969. The authors are the chief architect of the plant G. V. Egorov and the artist I. I. Stepanov.

A commemorative sign for car manufacturers who died on the battlefields was also erected at the Lenin Komsomol Automobile Plant (Volgogradsky Ave., 32). It was built in 1973 in front of the plant management building according to the project of sculptors D. F. Fisher, K. L. Litvak, Yu. B. Abdurakhmanov and architects Yu. A. Regentov and E. V. Malinin.

On a granite low platform with a bronze wreath, over which two battle banners leaned, united by a ribbon of a relief metal frieze, the inscription was carved: "Eternal glory to the dead heroes - car factory workers."

And on a marble slab, fixed on the wall, standing next to the memorial, is carved: "In 1941, on the territory of the plant in the building of the former school No. 421, the Tagansky fighter battalion and 2 companies of volunteers of the AZLK, 1-GPZ and other enterprises of workers were formed, who later fought as part of the 436th regiment of the 155th Stanislavskaya Red Banner (former 4th Moscow communist) rifle division."

Baumants

In 1958, on the territory of the Moscow Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Higher Technical School named after N.E. Bauman (2nd Baumanskaya St., 5), a monument was erected to students and teachers of the oldest Moscow university who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic war. A half-figure of a young soldier in a cape and with a machine gun on his chest was carved from a white stone block. On the face of the block there is an inscription: "Baumans who fell in the battles for the Motherland".

The monument was built at the expense and efforts of students and teachers from Bauman. The author is the sculptor V. A. Gorchukov.

In the first months of the war, hundreds of students and teachers of the school went to the army, divisions of the people's militia, partisan detachments. Baumants also took part in the defense of Moscow: they built bomb shelters, dug trenches, ditches, set up firing points on squares, streets and roofs of houses. Workshops with a design bureau for the development and implementation of ammunition and weapons into production were created within the walls of the school. Mine cases were processed here, grenades, parts of aerial bombs and anti-tank rifles were made. In 1943, the staff of the school was awarded the State Prize for the development and introduction into production of chill casting mines.

Pupils of artillery special schools

In 1937, the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR announced the opening of special paramilitary schools in Moscow and some other cities. First, artillery were created, then aviation, and in Leningrad and Sevastopol and naval.

Two special artillery schools were formed in Moscow: the 1st was located in Shmitovsky passage on Krasnaya Presnya, and the 2nd - in the area of ​​​​Kropotkinskaya street, in Chertolsky lane.

The graduates of these schools covered themselves with unfading glory during the war years. Many of them later became famous military leaders. Five pupils of the 2nd art school were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, three of them posthumously: Timur Frunze, Nikolai Prokhorenko, Mikhail Libman.

The living remember the fallen and honor their immortal glory.

On May 8, 1971, on the eve of the Victory Day, in front of the building of the 101st school in Shmitovsky passage, a commemorative sign was unveiled - a 76-mm divisional cannon on a concrete pedestal. The inscription is carved on the marble slab: "The gun was installed in memory of pupils of the first special artillery school who fought heroically on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

On October 22, 1982, a commemorative sign made in the form of a gray granite stele was solemnly opened near school No. 29 in Chertolsky lane, where the 2nd special art school was located. On its right side there is a high-figure high relief depicting a group of art school graduates, on the left side there are engraved silhouettes of a fluttering ribbon, a Komsomol badge and the inscription: "To Pupils of Moscow Special Artillery Schools Who Showed Courage and Heroism in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945".

For pupils of Moscow schools

In Stolovy Lane near the Nikitsky Gates in the courtyard of school No. 110 there is a monument to heroic schoolchildren. Five youthful figures in spacious, oversized overcoats, five defenders of the Motherland with rifles behind their weak shoulders.

This is a monument to Yura Divilkovsky, Igor Kuptsov, Igor Bogushevsky, Grisha Rodin and Gabor Raab, the son of a Hungarian communist, a hero of the civil war. Their lives were cut short near Kursk and Rzhev, in Poland and Germany, but now they again gathered at the walls of their native school to say to their surviving comrades and today's students: "Be worthy of the memory of the fallen." These words were carved on the basis of a monument built according to the design of the former students of this school - the sculptor D. Yu. Mitlyansky, the architects E. A. Rosenblum and P. I. Skokan.

The history of the creation of the monument is as follows. In 1968, at the All-Union Art Exhibition "50th Anniversary of the Komsomol" in the Central Exhibition Hall, the sculptural group "Requiem of the 41st" by D. Mitlyansky was exhibited. The sculptor dedicated his work to the memory of his schoolmates, with whom he volunteered for the front in 1941. It was then that the students offered to install this sculptural composition in their school yard.

On the pedestal of the monument there is a memorial plaque with the names of 100 teachers and students of school No. 110 who died in the battles against fascism.

On Medvedev Street, 5, in the public garden of school No. 175, there is a monument-stele made of white stone to pupils of schools in the Sverdlovsk (now Frunzensky) district of the capital, who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

On it are carved the penetrating lines:

Let me not name all the names, There is no blood relatives. Am I alive because they died? What I owe them, I know. And let not only the verse, My life will be worthy of their soldier's death.

The monument was built on a voluntary basis by the sculptor V. B. Shelov and the architect M. N. Bylinkin. The opening took place on October 28, 1968.

A white marble obelisk, bordered by black granite, is installed in the courtyard of school No. 350 on 11th Park Street. On one of its planes, the names of teachers and students of this school who fell in battles for the Motherland are carved, and the words:

You are alive, but we will not get up, You tell us alive!

This memorial, solemnly opened on May 9, 1967, was built on the initiative and at the expense of teachers and schoolchildren.

On September 26, 1964, in front of school No. 408 on Krasnokazarmennaya Street in the Kalininsky district of Moscow, a solemn opening of a memorial to the former pupils of this school who died during the Great Patriotic War took place.

It is a stele resembling an unfolded banner, with a contour image of a soldier going on the attack embedded on it. He is wearing a helmet with a star, a machine gun in his hand, a cape fluttering in the wind behind him. The inscription reads: "No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten. To the pupils of the school."

The monument to 13 former students and teachers of the school, whose names are inscribed in gold on the memorial plaque, was erected by young patriots on their own initiative and with their own funds received from the delivery of scrap metal.

Now every year, at the monuments to pupils of Moscow schools, first-graders are attached to their chests a five-pointed October star with the image of young Ilyich, third-grade students are accepted as pioneers, and high school students are given Komsomol tickets.

Gubkins

In front of the building of the Orders of the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the Institute of the Petrochemical and Gas Industry named after I.M. Gubkin (Leninsky Prospekt, 65), a memorial was erected to the employees and students of the institute who fell in battles with the Nazi invaders on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. This is a granite extended stele-wall on the undercut, on which the faces of a young man and a girl are carved, whose hands are squeezing a machine gun. Near text: "Your deed is immortal, your memory is eternal."

The memorial, designed by sculptor V. V. Sotnikov and architects E. V. Kozlov and Yu. A. Tikhonov, was opened on September 3, 1971.

Dzerzhintsy

Near the walls of the F. E. Dzerzhinsky Military Academy (9/5, Kitaisky pr.), decorated three times, there is a monument-memorial to former students, teachers, workers and employees who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of the Motherland during the past war.

This academy is one of the oldest military educational institutions in the country. Her pupils fought on the fronts of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. The pupils of the academy defended Moscow, fought for Rostov and Kursk, Kerch and Novorossiysk, Stalingrad and Odessa, liberated the capitals of the socialist countries, stormed the Reichstag.

The party and the government highly appreciated the feats of arms of the graduates of the Dzerzhinsky Academy during the war years. 64 of them were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and Marshal of the Soviet Union K.S. Moskalenko and Lieutenant General A.P. Shilin were awarded this high title twice.

On the pedestal is a soldier in an open cape. In his lowered left hand, he holds a helmet, and with his right he squeezes the barrel of a rifle.

Next to the three-meter sculpture of a fighter is a 12-meter horizontal stele made of polished black granite on a raised granite platform. The words "No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten" and 310 names are carved on it. Among them were the commander of the first guards reactive mortar battery "Katyusha" I. A. Flerov and one of the leaders of the underground Komsomol organization "Young Guard" in Krasnodon Ivan Turkenich, who took his last battle on Polish soil; artillery commander of the North Caucasian Front, former head of the academy, Lieutenant General A. K. Sivkov and former commissar of the academy, member of the Military Council of the Southern, and then Southwestern Front, Lieutenant General K. A. Gurov.

The memorial was erected by decision of the Council of Veterans of the Academy on a voluntary basis, designed by sculptor L. L. Berlin and architect B. S. Markus. The opening took place on May 8, 1978.

Railway workers

On August 23, 1967, in a small square, located among steel tracks, semaphores, traction electric lines, in front of the workshops of the Moscow Order of the October Revolution of the Ilyich locomotive depot (not far from the Belorussky railway station), a monument was opened to the volunteer militias, who in 1941 left to defend the capital and did not return from the battlefield.

44 railroad workers of the depot, who became infantrymen, artillerymen or tankers in the days of severe trials (and many of them did not change their professions, continuing to drive trains along the front lines), gained immortality. Their names are carved on a white marble obelisk.

Next to the obelisk is a sculptural figure of a woman. As if unable to come to terms with the fact that forever, without return, her relatives passed away, she - mother and wife - froze in mournful silence. Her son snuggled up to her. He sadly looks at the soldier's helmet, which lies at the foot of the marble obelisk, which is crowned with a golden star. On the obelisk there is the emblem of the railway workers and the inscription: "Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland. To the workers of the Ilyich depot who died in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The memorial was built on the initiative and at the expense of railway workers, the project of which was worked out by the sculptor S.T. Konenkov.

Near the locomotive depot of the Khovri-no Oktyabrskaya railway station there is a memorial to Khovrin railwaymen. Lined with white and gray marble, this building was created by the hands of the depot workers at their expense in honor of the comrades who died in the Great Patriotic War.

An image of the Eternal Flame is carved on the obelisk, and white metal letters sparkle above it: "They gave their lives for their Motherland", and then - the names of 20 heroes who died in the battles for the freedom and independence of our fatherland.

On May 9, 1980, on the territory of the Likhobory locomotive depot (Mikhalkovskaya st., 56), a memorial was opened to 18 railway workers who died during the war. On the obelisk, designed by the sculptor D. A. Polyakov and the architect S. G. Deminsky, the inscription is carved: "Glory to the soldiers-heroes of the Likhobory locomotive depot, who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

Ilyichevtsy

On May 8, 1975, on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany, on the territory of the Moscow Electromechanical Plant named after Vladimir Ilyich (Party lane, 1), a solemn opening of the memorial complex took place and a fire was lit - a symbol of the Eternal glory of the Ilyichevsk heroes who died in years of the Great Patriotic War.

Over 800 workers of this illustrious enterprise went to the front. More than 400 soldiers did not return to their native workshops, dying the death of the brave. Their names are carved on memorial plaques mounted on the end wall of one of the factory buildings. Nearby, on a concrete platform, two monolithic high stelae rose, supporting the wreath of Victory, entwined with sashes. Between the steles there is a granite slab where the flame of the Eternal Flame burns (architects V. Kubasov, V. Gvozdev, engineer A. Tsikunov).

In 1941, for the first time in the country, this plant began to produce shells for guards mortars - "Katyushas", which is reminiscent of a marble plaque installed on one of the plant's buildings.

Compressors

On the building of the Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Compressor plant (2nd Entuziastov St., 5) there is a marble plaque with the inscription: “Here, in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the workers of the Kompressor plant forged weapons that were formidable to the enemy: rocket-propelled mortars, the famous Katyushas.

Here, in the cold shops of the forty-first year, workers did not leave the machines for several shifts, creating launchers for rocket artillery, and made ammunition. The men who had gone to the front were replaced by women, the elderly, and teenagers. But the formidable military equipment was continuously delivered to the front.

Rocket launcher BM-13 - "Katyusha", donated to the plant "Compressor" by one of the guards mortar units, stands on a granite pedestal in the courtyard of this plant. On a marble slab, fixed on a pedestal, the names of the workers of the enterprise who died during the Great Patriotic War are inscribed in gold letters. In front of the monument is the Eternal Flame, lit from the unquenchable flame of the tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Kremlin wall.

Krasnobogatyrs

"1941-1945. Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in the battles for our Soviet Motherland". "Krasnobogatyrs who fell in battles with the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War",- a four-meter stele was carved in granite, and then 102 names of workers and employees of the Order of Lenin of the Krasny Bogatyr plant (Krasnobogatyrskaya st., 2) are carved in gold letters on a white marble board.

The memorial was built according to the project of the editor of the factory radio broadcasting, retired lieutenant colonel I. V. Belovolov. The opening took place on October 25, 1967, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. And since then, twice a day - at 11 and 15 o'clock - a solemn mourning melody sounds at the monument in memory of the Red Bogatyr workers who fell in battles with the enemy.

Red proletarians

In front of the main building of the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the A. I. Efremov Red Proletarian plant on Malaya Kaluga Street, a memorial of Eternal Glory was erected. It is a seven-meter rectangular pylon made of white marble, on which is carved: "To the heroes who fell in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", and more than 500 families. Next to the pylon, on a low pedestal of black granite, stands a bronze figure of a worker who raised a palm branch of the world over his head (sculptor A. M. Nenasheva, architect N. V. Donskikh).

1850 Red Proletarians fought on the fronts of the war. More than 800 of them went to battle with the enemy in the very first year of the war, about 300 joined the ranks of the people's militia.

Already at the end of June, the forty-first plant launched the production of weapons for the front. Tanks were repaired in its workshops, grenades and shells were made. For the first time in the history of machine tool building, the Red Proletarians set up mass production, having mastered more than 50 types of new machine tools during the war years.

32 times the plant won the challenge Red Banner of the State Defense Committee, which after the end of the war was left to the enterprise for eternal storage.

For the uninterrupted supply of weapons and military equipment to the front, more than 120 Red Proletarians were awarded high government awards.

The opening of the memorial took place on May 8, 1965, during the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany.

Medics

On the territory of the 1st Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov (B. Pirogovskaya st., 26) a memorial was erected in honor of the doctors, whose feat as an unfading page of glory entered the annals of the Great Patriotic War.

From here, in the unforgettable 41st, under the shadow of the banners of the 5th division of the people's militia, which later became the 113th rifle division, the military roads of many professors, teachers, employees and students of the country's oldest medical institute began.

The symbolic sign in the form of a medical Red Cross, created by the sculptor L. E. Kerbel and the architect B. I. Tkhor, is made of two four-meter blocks of red polished granite. In the center of the composition is a bas-relief image of a wounded soldier and a nurse.

The words are carved on the memorial: "Medics - Heroes of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945".

They were called soldiers of life. Company medical instructors and fighters of medical battalions, workers of field hospitals and health resorts in the deep rear - they carried the wounded out of the flames of battle, rescued, treated, nursed the defenders of the Motherland, many of whom then returned to duty. Demonstrating mass heroism, sometimes risking their lives, doctors, paramedics, nurses and orderlies provided the necessary medical assistance to over 10 million wounded.

The country highly appreciated the labor and military feat of these people. More than 116,000 military doctors and 30,000 Soviet healthcare workers were awarded orders and medals during the war years. 19 company medical instructors and orderlies were awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees. 44 doctors became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The monument to medical soldiers, created at the expense of students and employees of the 1st Medical Institute, was opened on May 5, 1972.

There is a monument to medical soldiers on the territory of the 2nd Order of Lenin Medical Institute named after N.I. Pirogov (Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 1). During the war years, about 200 students and employees left the walls of this educational institution for the front, for the active army, 101 people joined the people's militia. For those who died in the battles, this monument was erected.

It is a massive horizontal block lined with gray polished granite, resting on a low, in the form of undercut, black granite base. The facade side of the block is composed of four triangular planes of different sizes, extending into the perspective, into the depth of the block, into a small black square.

On the granite of this memorial monument, designed by the architect L. I. Shtutman, is inscribed: "To them who accomplished a great feat, eternal memory." "To our fallen comrades 1941-1945 from the staff of the Second Medical Institute".

At the main building of the Moscow Medical Dental Institute on Kalyaevskaya Street on October 2, 1973, another memorial to medical soldiers was erected, made by sculptor A.N. Kostromitin and architect N.D. Kostromitina.

On the pedestal there are figures carved in granite: a nurse leaned over to the lying wounded soldier. On the board, fixed on the building of the institute, it is cut down: "Eternal memory to the doctors and employees of the Moscow Medical Dental Institute, who fell in battles during the Great Patriotic War for the freedom and independence of our Motherland."

Mendeleev

In the first days of the Great Patriotic War, dozens of students and employees of the Orders of Chemical Technology of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor of the D. I. Mendeleev Institute (Miusskaya Square, 9) went to the front. Many of them died in the battles for their homeland. Now their names are carved on a light gray granite slab, next to which there are bronze figures of two young soldiers leaving for the front on a pedestal. One of them raised his hand, as if saying goodbye to his remaining friends (authors A. A. Volkov and A. A. Ershov).

The inscription is carved on the pedestal: "Eternal glory to Mendeleev warriors who fell in battles for the Soviet Motherland".

On the eve of the 20th anniversary of the Victory, the large-circulation newspaper "Mendeleevets" published an open letter from war veterans who proposed creating a monument to the Mendeleev soldiers who gave their lives in the fight against fascism. The letter received a wide response. During the year, students and teachers of the institute worked at construction sites, gave concerts, gave lectures. The proceeds went to the fund for the construction of the monument.

metallurgists

On the territory of the pilot plant of the All-Union Research and Design Institute of Metallurgical Engineering (Ryazansky prospekt, 8a), a six-meter pylon rises, on the front side of which the Order of the Patriotic War is depicted and the inscription is carved: "Eternal memory to those who died in the Great Patriotic War". Nearby, the names of 22 workers of the enterprise, who went to the front in 1941 and died a heroic death, are carved nearby.

Next to the pylon, topped with a ceramic image of the Eternal Flame, images of a Soviet soldier and Motherland are imprinted on the stele.

The Memorial of Glory was built at the expense of the workers of the plant and employees of the institute. Author architect VV Kolesnikov. The opening took place on May 7, 1969.

Metallurgical plant "Hammer and Sickle" (Zolotorozhsky Val, 11). A memorial of Glory was erected on its territory. Three soldiers, cast in concrete, with machine guns on their chests, shoulder to shoulder, forever froze in the guard of honor of the memorial to 300 dead comrades who changed their work overalls for army tunics in the harsh year of 1941.

The memorial to the soldiers-metallurgists, designed by students of the V. I. Surikov Art Institute N. P. Konishchev and A. T. Galaev, was built on the initiative and at the expense of the workers of the plant. The opening took place in June 1966.

Sailors of the North Sea

This monolithic stone, weighing about 30 tons, was delivered to Moscow hundreds of kilometers away - from the shores of the Barents Sea, where fierce battles took place during the last war. It was installed in the courtyard of school No. 203 (30 Dmitrovskoye Highway), which has been patronized by veterans of the Northern Fleet for several years now.

The monument to the sailors of the North Sea - marines, submariners, scouts, pilots was created on the initiative of schoolchildren, teachers and warriors of the North Sea as a symbol of memory of the heroes who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of our Motherland, as a reminder to the younger generation of the valor and heroism of their fathers and elders brothers.

The verses of an unknown poet-sailor are carved on the granite monolith:

Simple polar granite. He is washed by the wave and blood. May the Immortal glory of heroes be kept in your memory.

The sculptor L. E. Kerbel, who was in the Northern Fleet during the Great Patriotic War, worked on the design of the monument. The opening took place on November 4, 1972.

A museum of military glory has been created at the school, where students have collected interesting exhibits telling about the sailors of the North Sea.

Moscow-Minsk division

Not far from the Filevsky Park metro station, on the square of the Moscow-Minsk division, a memorial sign was erected in honor of the famous unit of the Soviet Army.

On a pink granite stele, under bronze images of the five orders, is carved: "Named in 1976 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the formation of the Guards Proletarian Moscow-Minsk division and its military exploits in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The whole glorious history of the 1st Guards Proletarian Moscow-Minsk Order of Lenin, twice Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Motor Rifle Division is connected with Moscow. Here she was formed, preparing for the coming trials. Its main backbone was made up of representatives of Moscow plants and factories. In the prewar years, she constantly participated in parades on Red Square. Future famous military leaders served in its ranks - Marshals of the Soviet Union S. S. Biryuzov and I. S. Konev, chief marshals of artillery N. N. Voronov and M. I. Nedelin, army generals twice Heroes of the Soviet Union P. I. Batov and D. D. Lelyushenko.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Proletarian Division increased its glory. In 1941, she blocked the way for the Nazi invaders to Moscow near Naro-Fominsk. Its soldiers mercilessly smashed the Nazis on the Berezina, near Smolensk and on the Kursk Bulge, liberated Belarus, stormed Koenigsberg and Pillau (now Baltiysk).

In September the forty-first division became a guard division, and in August the forty-fourth it was given the honorary name "Minsk".

For the heroism and courage shown in the battles against the Nazi invaders, more than 3 thousand proletarian guardsmen were awarded military orders and medals, and 15 of the most courageous soldiers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

A commemorative sign in honor of naming the square after the Moscow-Minsk Division was created by the workers of Mosmetrostroy according to the project of architect O.K. Gurulev, artist-architect S.I. Smirnov and sculptor I.P. Kazansky. Opened December 20, 1977.

Mosfilm people

On the territory of the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution of the Mosfilm film studio (Mosfilmovskaya st., 1), in memory of those who defended the conquests of their fathers and brothers from the encroachments of the fascist invaders, a kind of memorial was erected - a concrete block of a torn form, completely covered with high relief images of episodes of the Patriotic war. Next to the memorial composition is a marble pylon, on which the names of directors, actors, cameramen and other film studio workers who valiantly fought in the ranks of the Red Army, militia divisions, partisan formations and who gave their lives for the victory over the enemy are carved.

Plekhanovites

In the courtyard of the Plekhanov Moscow Institute of National Economy (28 Stremyanny per.) there is a memorial of Eternal Glory to the fallen heroes.

An inscription is carved on a two-meter truncated obelisk of black polished granite: "Eternal glory to students, graduate students, teachers and staff of the Plekhanov Moscow Institute of National Economy, who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our socialist Motherland on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

From the very first days of the war, more than 200 Plekhanov volunteers joined the 17th division of the people's militia of the Moskvoretsky district of the capital, which was formed in July forty-first within the walls of their native university, where the headquarters of this division was located.

Together with the workers and employees of the plant named after Vladimir Ilyich, the tannery, the Goznak factory and other enterprises of the region, the Plekhanov militia went through a glorious military path from the Nara River to the Baltic Sea during the war years. As part of the division, which later received the honorary name "Bobruisk" and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, they liberated the cities of Smolensk, Oryol and Belarus, participated in the defeat of Nazi troops in East Prussia.

The obelisk, built at the expense and on the initiative of the staff and students of the institute, was inaugurated on November 5, 1965.

Bearings

In the square on Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Street there is a memorial of Eternal Glory to the workers and employees of the 1st State Order of Lenin and the October Revolution of the bearing plant, who died on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War.

This memorial, built at the expense of the workers of the plant, is a female sculptural figure, symbolizing the Motherland, clutching a battle banner pierced by bullets to her chest. And on vertically standing slabs of red polished granite, the names of more than 600 heroes who gave their lives for the happiness of the people are carved.

Even on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, a group of workers - veterans of the Great Patriotic War - turned to the team with a proposal to install a monument of Eternal Glory to the heroes who died during the war years on the territory of the plant. In their appeal, they wrote that the plant staff had invested a lot of work in the cause of victory over fascist Germany, having established uninterrupted production of mine fuses from the first days of the war, organizing the production of the necessary parts for the Katyusha guards mortars, as well as other military products, which is more than 6,000 Bearers defended the honor, freedom and independence of our Motherland with weapons in their hands. Many of them died a heroic death on the battlefields, and among them Heroes of the Soviet Union P. I. Romanov and I. F. Golubin.

The call of veterans was supported by the whole plant. The workshops discussed the design of the monument, created by the sculptor A. N. Novikov and the architect Yu. A. Tsvetkov.

Svarzovtsy

Workers of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Sokolniki Carriage Repair and Construction Plant (SVARZ, Matrosskaya Tishina St., 15/17) sacredly honor the memory of those who during the war years left their native enterprise for the front and the people's militia to defend the independence of the Motherland, and died brave.

On May 5, 1970, on the eve of the 25th anniversary of the Victory, a monument-memorial was built on the funds raised by the team on the territory of SVARZ, and the Eternal Flame was lit, brought here from the tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Kremlin wall. The authors are sculptor I. K. Machkevsky and architect Ya. N. Kupriyanov.

In front of a high pylon, two sculptural figures of soldiers are installed on a granite pedestal. One of them, dying, passes the battle banner to his comrade walking in front. On the pylon under the five-pointed star is the inscription: "Eternal glory to the soldiers of Svarz who fell in the battles for the honor, freedom and independence of our Motherland. 1941-1945".

Solemn rallies are held at the memorial, young pioneers of the sponsored school 367 take the oath, the soldiers of the sponsored unit take the oath, and Svarzov conscripts leaving to serve in the Soviet Army receive parting words. And every time they are seen off here by war veterans, those who were lucky enough to return to their native plant with a victory in the unforgettable 1945.

For machine-tool manufacturers

129 workers from the Moscow Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the Sergo Ordzhonikidze Machine-Tool Plant (Ordzhonikidze St., 11) did not return from the war. 129 names are forever listed on a snow-white four-meter stone slab. In front of her is the cast iron figure of a young warrior throwing a grenade in his dying effort.

At the top of the memorial plaque, inserted into a rectangular pylon of dark polished granite, is the inscription: "Eternal glory to the workers of the machine-tool plant named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, who fell in battles for the Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The monument to the workers of the Moscow Plant of Grinding Machines who died in the Great Patriotic War was installed and opened on the territory of the enterprise on May 9, 1967 (Sushchevsky Val, 5). On the granite obelisk there is a relief image of the Order of the Patriotic War and the names of 137 former employees of this plant are carved, among which is the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union Ts. one of the squares in Moscow is named after him).

The monument to the fallen machine-tool workers was made at the initiative of the Council of War Veterans with funds earned by the workers after hours. The author is the artist of the plant V. G. Egorov.

Stankolitovites

The monument to the Stankolitovites - heroes of the Great Patriotic War stands near the main entrance of the Moscow Orders of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor of the Stankolit iron foundry (Skladochnaya Street, 1). Two granite stelae, vertical and horizontal, symbolize the feat of brave heroes who died in the name of life. "And the saved world remembers, the eternal world, the living world ...". 300 names of the factory workers are carved on the memorial horizontal stele of the monument. On the vertical - a sculptural group cast from iron is depicted: a woman with a child in her arms.

For students and teachers of Moscow State University

The war entered their lives during the examination session, in early autumn they became soldiers.

On the night of June 23, 1941, an emergency Komsomol meeting was held in the Communist auditorium of the Lomonosov Moscow State University on Mokhovaya. It adopted a resolution, which, in particular, stated that the Komsomol organization of the university declares itself fully mobilized to carry out any task of the Communist Party and government.

Over a thousand students, graduate students and teachers went to the front from the first days of the war. 1065 people joined the people's militia. Over 3,000 people worked on the construction of defensive lines... For participation in the hostilities on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, over 2 thousand students and university staff were awarded military orders and medals, and eight of them were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union...

The memory of the fallen lives forever in the hearts of grateful generations. They are reminded of by the memorial with the Eternal Flame erected on the Lenin Hills near the building of the humanities faculties of Moscow State University.

In the center of a large platform lined with granite slabs, three 16-meter bayonets lined with light gray stone are installed, symbolizing the continuity of three generations: grandfathers, fathers and children who survived and won the last war. Three bronze bas-reliefs unite bayonets directed upwards. The author of the memorial is a graduate student of the architectural institute Alexander Studenikin, who created it under the guidance of architects A. V. Stepanov and M. M. Volkov, with the participation of sculptor Yu. S. Dines.

On the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, on May 6, 1975, the Eternal Flame flared up in the center of the memorial, illuminating the inscription carved in granite: "To students and staff of Moscow State University who fell in the Great Patriotic War. 1941-1945".

Timiryazevites

In the park of the Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev there is a memorial complex in memory of the students of the academy, its teachers and employees who died during the Great Patriotic War. "To my sons and daughters, who gave their lives for their Motherland. Grateful Timiryazevka."

These words are engraved on the dedication stone, and on the eight-meter pylon - 102 names of the Timiryazev heroes who died defending the Motherland from the Nazi invaders.

The third element of this complex is a white-stone wall with a multi-figure high relief dedicated to episodes: the departure of the Timiryazevites to the front, the battle with the enemy, scientific work and the celebration of the Victory.

Electric plants

Memorial "To the heroes of electric plants from the staff of the plant 1941-1945" built November 5, 1968. 114 names of workers and employees of the Moscow Electric Plant named after VV Kuibyshev (Elektrozavodskaya st., 21) are carved on marble boards mounted on a high brick stele. In front of her, on the right side, there is a concrete sculptural group - a girl escorts a soldier-warrior to the front.

During the war years, the workers of the enterprise, in addition to their main products - power and instrument transformers - produced separate units for guards mortars - Katyushas, ​​as well as shells for them, anti-tank hedgehogs and repaired T-34 tanks. 320 people went to the people's militia. In 1943, A. G. Zhuravlev, an electric plant manufacturer, was awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

During the war years, over 600 workers, engineers and employees of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the M.I. militia. 300 of them did not return. In memory of them, a memorial was opened on the territory of the plant in 1970 (architect G. D. Chechua).

More than 200 workers, engineers and technicians of the Moscow Non-Ferrous Metal Processing Plant left during the war years to fight the Nazi invaders. 50 of them did not return, falling on the battlefield as a heroic death.

During the celebration of the 26th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany, in May 1971, a memorial was solemnly opened on the territory of the plant to the former workers of the enterprise who died for the freedom and independence of our Motherland (sculptor V. E. Korolev).

The memorial to the memory of those who did not return from the battlefields, on the territory of the pipe plant (Barklaya street, 6) is a sculpture of a warrior with a machine gun in his hand. His face is turned to the gates of the enterprise - the very entrance through which more than 700 workers went to the front during the Great Patriotic War. The authors of the memorial with the Eternal Flame, built on May 6, 1975, are the sculptor B. Golovin and the architect Y. Rodin.

Everyone who comes to the Kuskovsky chemical plant (Zavodskoy pr., 2) is greeted by a majestic memorial built in honor of more than a hundred Kuskovsky warriors who died as heroes. Opened November 5, 1968.

Three flat granite pylons with the dates of the Great Patriotic War and the names of all the victims carved on them (architects Yu. N. Konovalov and Yu. A. Kubatsky) stand on a stepped platform, round in plan.

On the territory of the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute of Communications (Aviamotornaya st., 8a), a memorial was erected, the basis of which is a multi-figure high relief cast in cast iron on the theme of tragedy and people's grief. It is inserted into a niche of a horizontal volume lined with polished Labradorite.

"Immortal are the heroes who fell in battles for their Motherland"- carved on polished granite of the memorial of Glory to signalmen (sculptor Yu. L. Rychkov, architect I. M. Studenikin).

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, about 900 workers of the autotractor electrical equipment plant (Elektrozavodskaya st., 2) went to the front, including about 450 to the 2nd division of the people's militia. 315 of them died. Their names are on the memorial erected in front of the plant in 1975 according to the project of the sculptor V.N. Levin and the architect S.P. Buritsky.

During the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Victory over fascist Germany on the southeastern outskirts of Moscow, in the center of the Kapotnya microdistrict, a memorial was opened to the dead workers and employees of the oil refinery. It is a kneeling figure of a soldier (sculptor V.V. Glebov and architect A.F. Anufriev).

On the territory of school No. 562 (Perekopskaya st., 21), a monument was erected in honor of the inhabitants of the former village of Zyuzina, who fell during the war, which entered the city. This commemorative sign was built with funds raised by Pathfinder Schoolchildren.

A small square stele on a fluted undercut, with a relief five-pointed star, is made of sheet steel according to the design of architect T. I. Muravyova. "Eternal glory to the soldiers who fell in the battles for the Motherland." This inscription is made of overlaid metal letters. School students participated in the creation of a memorial sign, as well as in the improvement around it.

More than 70 workers of the Losinoostrovsky Electrotechnical Plant named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky (Pilot Babushkin St., 1) went to the front, about half of them did not return. In 1975, a memorial was erected on the territory of the plant to those who died for the Motherland (authors T. B. Topoyan and E. M. Terzibashyan).

Near the entrance of the confectionery factory "Bolshevik" (Leningradsky prospekt, 15) there is an obelisk to the former workers of the enterprise who fell on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The monument is strict and simple. A platform fenced with a stone border, a low pedestal of reddish granite and a black marble slab on which the names of the dead are carved in gold.

The monument to teachers, staff and students of the Moscow Institute of Architecture who died during the war years (Zhdanova St., 11) was built in 1979 in the courtyard of the institute according to the project of E. M. Markovskaya, a former student. It is a horizontal stele of pink forged granite. The volutes carved in granite are cut by an inclined through cut, symbolizing the tragic breakdown brought by the war. The figures "1941" and "1945" are carved on the facade planes of the monument.

On the territory of the Orders of the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the 2nd watch factory (Leningradsky Prospekt, 8), on May 8, 1975, a memorial complex was opened in memory of those who fell in the battles of the Great Patriotic War (sculptor V. A. Sonin, architect I. I. Ermolaev).

Hundreds of workers and employees of the plant went to the front as part of a division of the people's militia of the Leningrad region of the capital and went through the battle path from the walls of Moscow to Koenigsberg. 86 names of the dead are inscribed on three marble plaques mounted on a semicircle of a stone stele, in front of which the figure of a mother and son froze in mournful silence.

Over a thousand workers of the Moscow Order of Lenin food plant (1st Perevedenovsky per., 35) during the war went into the army, into the people's militia. Many of them died the death of the brave.

The monument-memorial is a marble stele with the inscription: "Eternal memory to the fallen in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland. 1941-1945", at the base of which an easel machine gun is installed and a soldier's helmet lies. On the retaining wall there is an image of half-mast battle banners, and nearby, on a pedestal, anti-tank hedgehogs froze.

It was built on the initiative of former front-line soldiers by the workers of the enterprise according to the project of the artist of the plant B. T. Grebenyuk. The opening took place on May 7, 1975, on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany.

The memorial in honor of the employees of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Dorogomilovsky Chemical Plant named after M.V. Frunze, who died in the battles of the Great Patriotic War, was opened on May 6, 1967, on the eve of the celebration of the 32nd anniversary of the Victory Day. It was built according to the project of the sculptor A. E. Abalakov and the architect L. P. Zemskov (Berezhkovskaya embankment, 20).

During the war, 1,150 workers from the Burevestnik shoe factory (3rd Rybinskaya st., 18) went to the front, 400 of them died. At the foot of the memorial to the fallen, made of white marble and sheet aluminum, there is a marble plaque with the words: "The monument was built at the expense of the factory workers" - and there is the date of its opening: "May 6, 1972". There is also a small multi-jet fountain built from rifle cartridges, the number of which corresponds to the next anniversary of the Victory.

The sculptural group depicts a mother who escorts her son-soldier to the front. In front of them are three marble stelae, built in the form of half-mast banners, and on each of them are inscriptions made of brass: "Glory", "Fallen", "Comrades", "1941", "1945".

In 1974, at the Moscow Order of Lenin Plant of Electrovacuum Devices, a monument was erected to 463 workers and employees of this enterprise who did not return from the front (Elektrozavodskaya st., 23). The authors are the sculptor A. G. Postol, the architect Yu. G. Krivushchenko. A multi-figure bas-relief is carved on a rectangular pylon of pink hewn granite - a soldier with a machine gun in his hand, raising his comrades into battle, the profile contours of fighters going on the attack, and a wounded soldier with a grenade in his hand. The monument says: "Eternal glory to the factory workers who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland."

On May 9, 1980, on the day of the 35th anniversary of the Victory, a memorial dedicated to the memory of workers and employees who fell on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War .

Next to the tetrahedral obelisk, lined with red granite slabs and crossed at the top with a mourning strip, there is a stele resting on two massive bases. White marble plaques with the names of more than 200 dead heroes are fixed in the niche. The relief composition in the form of a bowed female figure embodies the sorrow of the Motherland.

On the territory of the Moscow Abrasive Plant (Chernitsinsky pr., 3) a memorial complex was built for the soldiers of this capital enterprise who fell on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War.

The memorial is a white marble stele with a chased multi-figure bas-relief, which depicts: a mother bent over her dead son, a wife frozen in inconsolable grief, soldiers who swear at the battle banner to avenge and defeat the enemy. And next to the stele on a granite pedestal is a bronze figure of a girl with a flower in her hand. The following lines cast in metal are fixed on the stele:

Remember through the centuries through the years remember those who will never come never remember

The opening of the memorial complex, built at the expense and on the initiative of the plant staff and students of sponsored school No. 767, took place on December 5, 1981, when the whole country solemnly celebrated the 40th anniversary of the start of the defeat of the Nazi troops near Moscow.

On the territory of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Institute of Land Management Engineers (Kazakov St., 15), a memorial was erected to those who died for the Motherland. There is a red marble cube on the pedestal. One of its faces, lined with gray marble, seems to be torn out of a single whole. Opened August 31, 1982.

The years "1941-1945" and the inscription are engraved on the edges: "Eternal memory to the staff and students of the institute who died during the Great Patriotic War".

The memorial, designed by the fifth-year students of the Faculty of Architecture Alexander Efremov and Grigory Marin, was created at the initiative of the Komsomol members of the institute by a student construction team.

Monuments-memorials to the dead workers and employees, students and teachers are also installed on the territory of: the city clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin, the factories "Krasnaya Presnya", "Kauchuk" and "Memory of the Revolution of 1905", locomotive repair and Lublin Foundry and Mechanical, SMC No. 9 of the Metrostroy and the Aviation Institute named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Moskhladokombinatov No. 1 and 2 and many other Moscow enterprises, institutions and educational institutions.

Monuments and monuments to the armed defenders of the Fatherland are important symbols of military glory.

The practice of erecting monuments to perpetuate the memory of important events originated in ancient times. The most common type was sculptural figures or groups. In the Russian Empire, most of the monuments were statues in honor of heroes, generals, emperors, as well as cathedrals, churches and chapels.

In the first years of Soviet power, the monuments to its leaders and national heroes reflected the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses.

There are almost no monuments dedicated to the Civil War, the heroism of the Red Army soldiers and built immediately in hot pursuit. Therefore, many were built mainly after the Great Patriotic War.

Monuments in honor of the heroes and heroic events of the Great Patriotic War began to be created back in wartime, but they began to be erected especially actively for anniversaries.

There are monuments to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War in all corners of our country, and not only where the battles took place. Throughout Russia, in cities and small villages, there are obelisks to soldiers who gave their lives for their homeland.

Many monuments to Soviet soldiers were erected on the territory of the states that the Soviet army liberated from the Nazis.

Huge memorial complexes with the Eternal Flame, dedicated to the heroism of the Soviet military personnel, were opened in the hero cities.

Attention to the heroic events (past and present) of our army and navy continues unabated. Monuments and commemorative signs are erected in cities and villages in honor of the servicemen who died in peacetime while protecting the interests of Russia.

The symbolic significance of monuments and monuments lies in those numerous traditions and rituals that form a sense of patriotism, readiness to honestly perform military duty.

Conclusion

The Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia have a glorious military past, which is deservedly appreciated by the country. Of no small importance in shaping the fighting qualities of military personnel, instilling in them a sense of patriotism is the military uniform, symbols and rituals of internal troops. Neglect of the historical past, ignoring the significance of military uniforms, disregard for insignia and rituals leads not only to violations of military discipline, but also to a decrease in the moral and psychological stability of military personnel, a weakening of military spirit and, as a result, affects the combat readiness of troops.

Literature

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1994 No. 442 "On state awards of the Russian Federation".

2. Military encyclopedic dictionary. - M., 2006

The city of Chelyabinsk has a rich history, a special page of which was the years of the Great Patriotic War. As a rear city, Chelyabinsk played an important role in the victory over fascism. After all, it was here, in just 33 days, that the mass production of T-34 tanks was mastered and established, and their assembly was put on the conveyor. It is no coincidence that during the war years the city was called Tankograd. Today, memorials and monuments on its streets and squares testify to the exploits of Chelyabinsk residents.

Monument to tank volunteers

The main memorial dedicated to the Great Patriotic War was installed in Chelyabinsk on Myasnaya Square. It was here, on May 9, 1943, that volunteers going to the front took an oath to fellow countrymen - fighters of the 63rd volunteer Chelyabinsk tank brigade of the volunteer Ural tank corps. This memorial, made by the sculptor L. Golovnitsky in collaboration with the architect E. Alexandrov, is a kind of symbol of the unity of the rear and the front.

And next to the bronze five-meter figure of a volunteer tanker, calling with a wave of his hand to fight, an “Eternal Flame” was installed in memory of the fallen heroes.

Chelyabinsk "Eternal Flame"

The "eternal flame" in Chelyabinsk was lit in honor of the 20th anniversary of the victory, in honor of those Chelyabinsk residents who did not return home from the war. A large cast-iron star, in the center of which a fire always burns, is framed by a wreath of laurel and oak leaves. Here, on granite slabs, the names of the South Urals are carved, 250 heroes who died liberating their land from the enemy. Among them are holders of the Orders of the Red Banner and Heroes of the Soviet Union.

There are also monuments in Chelyabinsk, reminiscent of other wars in which its inhabitants died.

Monument "Eaglet"

So, the famous monument "Eaglet" is dedicated to the Komsomol members, the heroes of the Civil War in the Urals. It was installed on the day of the 40th anniversary of the Lenin Komsomol, in 1958, on the Scarlet Field of Chelyabinsk. Subsequently, it was recognized as one of the best monuments of domestic sculpture, for which its creator, sculptor L.N. Golovnitsky, was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize.

Monument to the Valiant Sons of the Fatherland

And in memory of the people of the Urals who died in armed conflicts and local wars in different periods, a memorial to the Valiant Sons of the Fatherland was erected in Chelyabinsk. It is a sculptural composition, which consists of two huge granite blocks, 7 and 10 meters high, symbolizing a mountain gorge, as well as a bronze eagle sitting on its top with proudly outstretched wings, symbolizing military glory and honor.

This majestic monument weighing 180 tons is located on the Walk of Fame, next to the "Eternal Flame" and the monument to tank volunteers.

Memorial "Soldiers of law and order" in Chelyabinsk

And not so long ago, a memorial was solemnly opened in Chelyabinsk in memory of Chelyabinsk law enforcement officers who died in the line of duty. The monument was named "Soldiers of law and order", and its opening was timed to coincide with the Day of the employee of the internal affairs bodies.

The memorial is a four-meter sculpture of a Chelyabinsk policeman covering a child with his hand. And behind it - plates with the names of the dead law enforcement officers, residents of the Chelyabinsk region, carved on them. The memorial is located near the building of the local history museum.

Monument "The Tale of the Urals"

Created on the basis of the fairy tales of P. Bazhov, the monument "The Tale of the Urals" is a powerful 12-meter stone sculpture of a giant with a huge belt - a symbol of the Urals (the name "Ural" is translated from Bashkir as "belt"). In the hands of the giant is a huge hammer - evidence of the labor merits of the South Ural residents.

This monument was erected on the railway station square as the personification of the power and strength of the Southern Urals in 1967.

Monument to Kurchatov in Chelyabinsk

There is also an original monument in Chelyabinsk to the famous nuclear academician, Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov, who discovered the fission of the atomic nucleus. It was installed on the border of Lenin Avenue and the Chelyabinsk park named after Yuri Gagarin for the 250th anniversary of the city, in 1986.

The originality of this monument lies in its extraordinary illumination. Indeed, according to the idea of ​​the author, sculptor Vardkes Avakyan, in the evening, the atomic nucleus and the monument itself were to be illuminated thanks to the installed lamp from the aircraft. True, for some technical reasons, this design ceased to operate shortly after the opening, but 20 years later, in 2006, the illumination of the atom and the entire memorial was restored and even supplemented. So in the evening this monument looks especially impressive.

"Sphere of Love"

This sculptural and landscape composition, beloved by Chelyabinsk residents, is installed in the center of Chelyabinsk, not far from the Kinomax-Ural complex. Since 2000, wedding processions have stopped here. To romantic music, the newlyweds give each other an oath of fidelity and love. This is such a beautiful tradition.

Monument to the Professional Beggar

But those who want to improve their material well-being come to the sculpture of a professional beggar and put money in his bronze hat. Chelyabinsk residents believe that if you do it from the heart, and even stroke the bald head of the sculpture, the Lord will send good luck and prosperity.

The monument is located in the southern part of the Kirov Square in front of the educational buildings of the Ural Federal University (former Ural Polytechnic Institute).

Against the background of an unfolded red banner, there are three bronze figures: a warrior who raised his machine gun high, a nurse girl and a wounded sailor clutching a grenade.

On the pedestal there is an inscription: "To our comrades who died in the battles for the Motherland."

On the reverse side of the banner there are words: “The memory of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will not be erased for centuries. From the Komsomol members of the Ural Polytechnic Institute. S.M. Kirov. May 9, 1961"

This is the first monument to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War in the city.

Monument to the wars of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps

In 1962, a monument to the wars of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was opened on the Railway Station Square.

An old worker, symbolizing the gray-haired working Urals, escorts a young warrior tanker into battle. The pedestal of the monument is made in the form of a tank. A worker and a tanker are standing on the turret of a tank moving forward.

On the sides of the pedestal, where the tank has caterpillars, the ledges on which depict the labor and combat exploits of the Urals during the Great Patriotic War.

The inscription on the pedestal: "To the heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. soldiers of the Ural volunteer tank corps from the workers of the Sverdlovsk region.

“The front was fiery - this is known.
But the rear was also fiery.
In inextinguishable furnaces everywhere
The rumble of planned battles floated.
And machines of thunder and steel
Reflected in the Iset River
We started an offensive in the Urals
On the Kursk Bulge.
Time turns into a flame
In marble, bronze and resistant granite.
Today is a monument - a city of memory,
Keeps the past for posterity"

On March 11, 1983, when the 40th anniversary of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was celebrated, Station Square was renamed the area of ​​the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

Memorial to Uralmash workers who died during the Great Patriotic War

On May 8, 1969, on the First Five-Year Plan Square, in the square at the intersection of Mashinostroiteley streets and Kultury Boulevard, a memorial was opened to the Uralmash workers who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.

The memorial is made of granite and labrodorite.
In the center is a stele, on which, against the background of half-mast banners, workers are depicted bowing their heads in memory of their fallen comrades. One of them knelt before the banners.
To the left are labrodorite slabs. On the plates are the names of almost a thousand Uralmash workers who died with the enemy. Against the background of a black stone, blue blotches are visible - a symbol of frozen tears, a symbol of sorrow.
The list is opened by 3 names of the heroes of the Soviet Union. These are pilots Vladimir Sergeevich Kurochkin and Nikita Nikolaevich Dyakonov and the legendary intelligence officer Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov.
The words are carved on the memorial: “To the courage of proud hearts. To our fathers, brothers, and sisters, who defended our Motherland with their lives. Know, who listens to this stone, with the immortality of the brave put it for centuries. Uralmash is grateful. No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten!”

Initially, at the memorial every half an hour from 8.30 to 22.00 Schumann's melody "Dreams" and the words uttered by Yuri Levitan sounded: "The memory of you, sons of Russia, glorious Uralmash warriors, will be eternal. The blood shed by you for the Motherland will glorify your feat through the ages, and your grateful descendants will forever keep your names in their hearts. Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland.”

Shirokorechensky memorial in memory of the soldiers who died of wounds in the hospitals of the city of Sverdlovsk

During the Great Patriotic War, Yekaterinburg-Sverdlovsk was a city of hospitals. The wounded, who died in hospitals, were buried in different cemeteries. The largest burial was at the Shirokorechenskoye cemetery.

On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, a memorial was opened at the Shirokorechenskoye cemetery to soldiers who died of wounds in hospitals. By the 40th anniversary of the victory, the memorial was reconstructed. A new obelisk made of red granite 28 m high was installed.

On the left side of the memorial there is a mass grave of soldiers.

Above the grave, on the memorial wall-fence, there are shields with the names of soldiers who died from wounds in the hospitals of the city.

On the right front corner of the mass grave, a laurel wreath is a symbol of the glory of the winners. On the memorial wall is the glory: "Your feat is immortal." The foundation of the memorial is concrete slabs. The plates are not connected to each other. In summer, green grass breaks through between the plates - a symbol of continuing life.
Authors of the monument: sculptor F.F. Fattakhutdinov, architect G.I. Belyankin.

By the 70th anniversary of the Victory, a major reconstruction is being carried out.

The memorial will feature 6 large reliefs of the "Milestones of the Great War" series: "Liberation of Europe from fascism", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Battle for Moscow", "Siege of Leningrad", "Battle of the Kursk Bulge" and "Liberation of Europe from fascism", "Winners ". The reliefs are made on the basis of archival documents and photographs.
An eternal flame will be lit at the memorial. The eternal flame will be delivered from Moscow from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

Paving slab replacements. The inscriptions “1941–1945” and “Your feat is immortal” on the front parts of the walls were updated, the metal parts of the complex were restored - a star, cartouches and a wreath, the lighting system was updated. Specialists have restored 19 memorial plates with the names of soldiers who died in Sverdlovsk hospitals during the war years. Now 1354 surnames are written here.

On the right side there are reliefs "Milestones of the War". The reliefs were made by the creative and production association Yekaterinburg Art Fund. Authors S. Titlinov, A. Medvedev, A. Chernyshev with the participation of A. Popovich.

It is interesting that wartime artifacts are embedded in the reliefs: a Mosin rifle, a brick from the Grudinin mill, which became one of the monuments of the Battle of Stalingrad, a symbolic ration of bread given to the blockade of Leningrad, a medal of the Ural veteran "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. » and other relics.

On May 9, 2015, the Eternal Flame was lit at the memorial.

The right to light a fire was given to a participant in the Battle of Kursk, operations to force the Dnieper, the liberation of Kyiv, Minsk, Warsaw, a participant in the Bagration operation Mikhail Chislov and a labor veteran awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, the Order of Glory I, II and III degree Vladimir Nick.

Monument to scouts-motorcyclists

In 1995, in the Central Park of Culture and Leisure named after Mayakovsky, a monument was erected to the soldiers-motorcyclists of the 7th separate guards reconnaissance battalion.
The place for the monument was not chosen by chance. On the territory of the park, trainings of future scouts of motorcyclists were held.
The author of the monument is the architect G.A. Golubev.
The monument is made in the form of a broken motorcycle wheel. The spokes of the wheel symbolize the rays of glory. A motorcyclist rushes along the rim of the wheel, a fight is going on behind him. On the outer rim are the names of 133 scouts under the names of the operations that became their last, and the military address of the battalion: “Field mail 51123”.
Inscription around the circle: “Alive, remember us, we covered our Motherland with ourselves in our last hour of death. Alive, remember us…”
The 7th Guards Separate Reconnaissance Prague Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, Alexander Nevsky and the Red Star Battalion was the UTDC corps intelligence and collected information directly for the corps command.

Monument "Gray Ural"

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Victory in May 2005, the monument "Gray Ural" was solemnly opened on Oborony Square.

Oborony Square (former Nochlezhnaya, Simeonovskaya, Maxim Gorky Square) received its name in the forties of the 20th century. During the Great Patriotic War, Sverdlovsk residents saw off their relatives and friends to the front from this square.

The monument "Gray Ural" is dedicated to the labor and military feat of the Urals.
A huge bronze sculpture of a master blacksmith, holding a sword sheathed in his hand, personifies the Gray Ural, who forged weapons for the front throughout the war years and sent his best sons and daughters to the battlefields. The height of the sculpture together with the pedestal is 12 meters.

On the monument there are inscriptions: "To the Urals who forged the victory" and "To the Urals - defenders of the Motherland".

Monument to Marshal Zhukov G.K.

The monument was erected on Lenin Avenue on the square in front of the headquarters of the Central Military District (formerly the Urals, and then the Volga-Urals).

In 1948-1953 Marshal Zhukov G.K. was the commander of the Ural military district.

The author of the monument is the sculptor Grunberg K.V. depicted the marshal astride a rearing horse. Once, during a parade on the square in 1905, Zhukov rode around the troops, sitting on horseback. And from the loud cheers of "Uraaa!" the marshal's horse reared up. This moment was captured by K.V. Grunberg.

A monument was cast at Uralmashzavod. They say that the commission that accepted the monument did not want to allow its installation for a long time. The reason for the doubts was the stability of the sculpture. The Uralmash masters found a solution - they remade the horse's legs, replacing the hollow structure with a frame with a monolithic one.

The monument was opened to the 50th anniversary of the Victory on May 8, 1995.
The monument was created with public money. On the pedestal of the monument there is an inscription: "To Zhukov G.K., a soldier and marshal from the Urals."

Memorial to the children of war and home front workers

The memorial is located in the square near the Mashinostroiteley metro station at the intersection of Cosmonauts Avenue and Frontovye Brigade Street in the Ordzhonikidzevsky District.
The place for the monument was not chosen by chance: it was in this area that the largest factories in the region that produced products for the front were located. On the land where the memorial now stands, during the war years there were barracks in which workers who came from everywhere to the Urals lived. Here, within easy reach of all the heroic factories.
The initiative to create such a monument 10 years ago was made by the veterans of the Uralelectrotyazhmash plant, who were children during the war and worked in the factory workshops. In 2006, a stone was laid at this place indicating that a monument would appear here. The memorial was opened in November 2014.
The central sculpture, 3.5 meters high, depicts children. A boy and a girl carry a symbolic cross, made from shells and parts for military equipment, a cross of exhausting labor in the name of Victory.
Behind the sculpture is a 13-meter-high 3-meter-high bas-relief - a kind of cast-iron foundry lace. On the bas-relief there is an inscription "And we will live! And we will remember!"
Another iconic element of the composition is the clock on the sidewalk, a symbol of the uninterrupted operation of factories during the war years, and the rails along which finished products were sent to the front.

Sculptor Konstantin Grunberg, architect Yury Doroshin, employees of the Architectural Workshop of Academician Belyankin and the foundry workshop "Foundry Yard" took part in the creation of the memorial complex.

Memorial to the workers of the Verkh-Isetsky plant, who died at the front and those who forged victory in the rear

The memorial is located on Subbotnikov Square next to the checkpoints of the Verkh-Isetsky plant.

On the left in the foreground is a sculpture of a woman, symbolizing the Motherland. She points to the west, where our soldiers fought the enemy. On the right is a slab with the names of the workers of the Verkh-Isetsky plant who died during the Great Patriotic War, and two sculptural groups. These are wars of three types of troops: a pilot, a sailor and an infantryman - those who fought the enemy at the front. And the workers who forged victory in the rear. There are also three workers: a veteran, a woman and a teenager.

Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov in 1935-1936 worked at Uralmashzavod.

The monument to railroad soldiers was erected on Chelyuskintsev Street near the building of the Railway Workers' Palace of Culture. The monument is made of red granite. On the basis of the memorial, the words: "Eternal memory to the railroad soldiers." On the pylons are the names of railroad soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War.

Monument to soldiers - athletes

In 1996, the inhabitants of the city of Yekaterinburg immortalized the feat of the soldiers-athletes who took an active part in the Great Patriotic War. The monument is installed on the alley leading to the Ice Palace of Sports.

During the war years, sports organizations of the city and the Sverdlovsk region, in accordance with a special program, trained more than two and a half million skiers, over seven hundred hand-to-hand combat specialists and two hundred thousand swimmers. Warrior-athletes as part of special units performed special tasks behind enemy lines and on the fronts.
A massive pedestal 4 meters high, made of polished gray granite slabs. A commemorative inscription is carved on the front side. A composition of three figures is installed on the pedestal. Three warrior-skiers in a single formation move on a mission, in the center is the group commander, to his left is a girl - a medical instructor with a medical bag on her shoulder, to the right - a fighter. The sculptural group is monolithic, 3.5 meters high.
The authors are sculptors K. V. Grunberg K. V., V. A. Govorukhin and architect A. Yu. Istratov.

Monument to military doctors

The monument to military doctors was opened on the 70th anniversary of the Victory on May 7, 2015 at the main entrance to the hospital for war veterans.
The idea of ​​its creation appeared 20 years ago, but then there was not enough money to implement it. Now the Urals have raised funds from the whole world. It took about nine million rubles to manufacture and install the monument, while not a penny was spent from the budget.
The bronze sculpture, over four meters high and weighing five tons, is a collective image of a military doctor and a nurse against the background of a tree split by a shell, fragments of a mine and railway rails.
The authors of the monument are the Ural sculptors Fedor and Alexander Petrov.