The best way to learn something is to discover it yourself. D. Poya Function y = k / x. Her schedule. Properties. Lesson plan: 1. Each student builds a graph of a function using a computer program (independent work) 2. Discussion of graphs (frontal work) 3. Properties of graphs (work in small groups) 4. Consolidation of what has been learned (individual test on a computer) The results of all stages will be enter into the summary table

Table of results F.I. Chart construction(2 b) Function properties(5 b) Test(5 b) Bonus Total back

Y = k / x, k>0 Function properties: 1. Function area x (-;0) (0;+) 2. y >0 at x>0; y 0 Function properties: 1. Domain of function x (-;0) (0;+) 2. y>0 for x>0; y 0 Function properties: 1. Domain of function x (-;0) (0;+) 2. y>0 for x>0; y 0 Function properties: 1. Domain of function x (-;0) (0;+) 2. y>0 for x>0; y 0 Function properties: 1. Domain of function x (-;0) (0;+) 2. y>0 for x>0; y y \u003d k / x, k 0 at x 0 3. Increasing function 5. The function has a break point x = 0 6. The range of the function y (-; 0) (0; +) 4. y - does not exist y - does not exist largest smallest

Homework Synopsis, §18, a) b)

Boyle-Mariotte law. The scientific activity of Robert Boyle was based on the experimental method in both physics and chemistry, and developed the atomistic theory. In 1660, Robert Boyle discovered the law of change in the volume of gases (in particular, air) with a change in pressure. Later, he received the name of the Boyle-Mariotte law: independently of Boyle, this law was formulated by the French physicist Robert Mariotte. In addition, Boyle proved that when pressure changes, even those substances with which this does not occur under normal conditions, such as ice, can evaporate. Boyle was the first to describe the expansion of bodies when heated and cooled. Boyle doubted the universal analytical power of fire and looked for other means of analysis. His many years of research showed that when substances are affected by certain reagents, they can decompose into simpler compounds. Boyle invented the original design of the air pump. The pump was able to almost completely remove the air. He decided to call empty space vacuum, which in Latin means "empty." Boyle studied chemical processes a lot - for example, those that occur during roasting of metals, dry distillation of wood, transformations of salts, acids and alkalis. In 1654, he introduced the concept of analysis of the composition of bodies into science. One of Boyle's books was called The Skeptic Chemist. Elements were defined in it as "primary and simple, not completely mixed bodies, which are not composed of each other, but are those constituent parts of which all so-called mixed bodies are composed and into which the latter can be eventually decomposed" . And in 1661, Boyle formulated the concept of "primary corpuscles" as elements and "secondary corpuscles" as complex bodies. He was also the first to give an explanation for differences in the aggregate state of bodies. In 1660, Boyle obtained acetone by distilling potassium acetate, in 1663 he discovered and applied in research the acid-base indicator litmus in a litmus lichen growing in the mountains of Scotland. In 1680, he developed a new method for obtaining phosphorus from bones, received phosphoric acid and phosphine. At Oxford, Boyle took an active part in the founding of a scientific society, which in 1662 was transformed into the Royal Society of London (in fact, it is the English Academy of Sciences). Boyle wrote many books, some of them were published after the death of the scientist. For a gas of a given mass at a constant temperature, the product of the gas pressure and its volume is constant: p1V=p2V2.

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Physics teacher: Shchepilina T.I.

establish the relationship between two macroscopic gas parameters with the third unchanged.

• Knowledge update.

• Explanation of new material.

• Consolidation.

• Homework.

Isoprocess -

a process in which one of the macroscopic parameters of the state of a given mass of gas remains constant.

V, p, T

Izos - (equal)

isobaric

ISOPROCESSES

isochoric

Isothermal

• Definition and conditions for the implementation of the process.
• Equation and formulation of the law.
• History reference.
• Experimental study of the justice of the law.
• Graphical representation of the process.
• Limits of applicability of the law .

Isothermal process -

THE PROCESS OF CHANGING THE STATE OF A SYSTEM OF MACROSCOPIC BODIES (THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM) AT A CONSTANT TEMPERATURE (FROM THE GREEK WORD "TERMOS" - WARM, HOT).

Boyle-Mariotte law

T - const

The law is experimentally obtained in:

1662 by R. Boyle;

1676 by E. Mariotte.

Robert Boyle

Edma Marriott

Boyle-Mariotte law

pV=const at T=const

For a gas of a given mass at a constant temperature, the product of the pressure of the gas and its volume is constant.

Boyle-Mariotte law

Isotherm -

graph of changes in macroscopic parameters of gas during an isothermal process.

Solve the problem

The air under the pump piston has a pressure of 10 5 Pa and a volume of 260 cm 3 . At what pressure will this air occupy a volume of 130 cm 3 if its temperature does not change?

1) 0.5 10 5 Pa; 3) 2 10 4 Pa; 5) 3 10 5 Pa;

2) 5 10 4 Pa; 4) 2 10 5 Pa; 6) 3.9 10 5 Pa

Isobaric process -

THE PROCESS OF CHANGING THE STATE OF A THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM AT CONSTANT PRESSURE (FROM THE GREEK WORD "BAROS" - WEIGHT).

Gay-Lussac's law

p - const

Law experimentally

received in 1802

Gay Lussac

Joseph Louis

Gay-Lussac's law

V/T=const at p=const

For a gas of a given mass at constant pressure, the ratio of volume to temperature is constant.

Gay-Lussac's law

Isobar -

graph of changes in macroscopic parameters of the gas during the isobaric process.

Solve the problem

Gas occupies a volume of 2 m 3 at a temperature of 273 0 C. What will be its volume at a temperature of 546 0 C and the same pressure?

1) 3.5m 3; 3) 2.5m 3; 5) 3m 3;

2) 1m 3; 4) 4m 3; 6) 1.5m 3

Isochoric process -

THE PROCESS OF CHANGING THE STATE OF A THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM AT A CONSTANT VOLUME (FROM THE GREEK WORD "HOREMA" - CAPACITY).

Charles' Law

V - const

Law experimentally

received in 1787

Charles Jacques Alexander Cesar

Charles' Law

P /T=const at V=const

For a gas of a given mass, the ratio of pressure to temperature is constant if the volume does not change.

Charles' Law

Isochora -

graph of changes in macroscopic parameters of the gas during the isochoric process.

Solve the problem

The gas is in a cylinder at a temperature of 288 K and a pressure of 1.8 MPa. At what temperature will the gas pressure become equal to 1.55 MPa? The volume of the balloon is assumed to be unchanged.

1) 100K; 3) 248K; 5) 456K;

2) 284K; 4) 123K; 6) 789K

Task number 1

Which of the macroscopic parameters remains constant when ...

II-variant

I-variant

ISOTHERMAL

ISOBARIC

PROCESS?

PROCESS?

A) T; B) p; B) V; D) m

Define your knowledge and test your skills

Task number 2

Which formula describes the law...

I-variant

II-variant

GAY LUSSACA?

BOYLE-MARIOTTE?

BUT) ; B); AT) ; G)

Define your knowledge and test your skills

Task number 3

Which scientists own the law that describes ...

II-variant

I-variant

ISOBAR

ISOTHERMAL

A) Mendeleev, Clapeyron; B) Charles; B) Boyle, Mariotte; D) Gay-Lussac

Define your knowledge and test your skills

Task number 4

What is the schedule for...

I-variant

II-variant

ISOCHORIC

ISOTHERMAL

PROCESS?

PROCESS?

Define your knowledge and test your skills

Task number 5

Which of the figures A, B, C, D shows the process corresponding to this graph?

II-variant

I-variant

Check if your answers are correct

job number

1 option

Option 2

Rate your results

Number of correct answers

Homework:

§69, #522, #524

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Illustrations in the presentation:

• Isoprocess Graphs: http://fizika.ayp.ru/3/3_3.html
• R. Boyle: http://www.physchem.chimfak.rsu.ru/Source/History/Persones/Boyle.html
• E. Mariotte: http://mysopromat.ru/uchebnye_kursy/istoriya_soprotivleniya_materialov/biografii/mariott_edme/
• Isobar, isotherm, isochore: 1C: School. Physics, 7-11 cells. Library of visual aids.
• Gay-Lussac: File: Gay-Lussac_Joseph_Louis.jpg
• J. Charles: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ File: Jacques_Charles_-_Julien_Léopold_Boilly.jpg
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Homework http://www.liveinternet.ru/users/arduvan/post129184144/

"The Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation" - Equation of state. The first of the remarkable generalizations in physics. How the state of the system changes. Changing three parameters. The Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation. The case is continued. What is it for. The equation allows you to determine one of the quantities. Variant of the equation. How it all began. How are the processes going on in the system?

"Particle motion" - Qualitative analysis. Addiction. Quantum mechanics. quantum values. Terms. Motion of a particle in a one-dimensional potential well. The passage of a particle. The equation. The probability density of finding a particle. Picture. Classic particle. Hole width. Harmonic oscillator. Harmonic oscillator in quantum mechanics.

"Statistical distributions" - Separation of a substance in a centrifuge. Single interval of speeds. Exact value. Sign. Incredible speed. Velocity distribution of molecules. Ideal gas. The law of uniform distribution of energy over degrees of freedom. Velocity of gas molecules. Distribution properties. Maxwell distribution.

"Equation of state" - Volume. isochoric process. Quantities characterizing the state of macroscopic bodies. The Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation. Relationship. State equation. The concept of "universal gas constant". The gas is compressed isothermally. Isotherm. The equation of state for an ideal gas. Domino. isobaric process. The equation.

"Basic gas laws" - Gas heating. gas laws. Isoprocesses in gases. Air. isobaric process. Process definition. Ideal gas state. The name of the process. Chest volume. What values ​​are stored. Learn the laws of gas. More than 30 different gases are used in technology. Using the properties of gases in technology.

"Ideal gas equation" - The concept of isoprocess. isothermal process. isobaric process. Process numbers. Pressure. Processes. The equation of state for an ideal gas. The amount of ideal gas. Schedule of process. Isothermal expansion chart. isochoric process. Volume. rarefied carbon dioxide. Pressure dependence. The dependence of the volume of an ideal gas.

In total there are 19 presentations in the topic