Great spelling difficulty is caused by vowels, which are called connecting. "O" and "e" in compound words are often overlooked, as a result of which mistakes are made. It is noteworthy that there are no other letters connecting the two bases.
Definition
If a word consists of two or more bases, it will be called complex. For example, agricultural (agriculture), meat and dairy (meat and milk), scientific and technical (science and technology), chronicler (write chronicles).
Compound words in the Russian language appeared at the present stage of development in a period of abundance of information, because this allows you to fit several concepts in one word.
Phenomena when more than two roots are used in the formation of a compound word are quite rare. For example, cycling.
Education and spellings
Compound words can be formed in a variety of ways. This will depend on their spelling. Let's analyze the most popular:
Spelling compound words
The connecting "o" and "e" in compound words can be used both when they are spelled together and when they are hyphenated. Consider the use of a hyphen.
Compound words can be formed with the help of coordinating and subordinating connections. If they are formed by the first case, they will be written with a hyphen. In other words, the union "and" can be easily put between the parts. Let's look at examples, for this you need to compose complex words: sofa and bed - sofa bed; scientific and technical - scientific and technical; Russian and English - Russian-English; factory and plant - factory; meat and milk - meat and milk; military medical - military and medical and others.
Compound words (nouns and adjectives) with the meaning of the cardinal points: Western European, Southeast, Northeast. 
Words that convey shades of colors: raspberry-gold, gray-brown-brown, light green, purple-blue.
If the word is formed from its own name: Leo Tolstoy style, Walter Scott ideas, New York Stock Exchange. The exception is geographical names formed from the phrase noun and adjective: Velikiye Luki - Velikie Luki, Sergiev Posad - Segrievo Posad, Staraya Rus - Old Russian.
The words are scientific and technical terms: dynamo, vacuum dryer, diesel electrode, stop valve, filter press.
Words are designations of political parties and movements: vice-mayor, liberal democratic, social democrat, national socialist.
A word that has a value judgment in the first part: unfortunate wife, shirt-guy, sweetheart-daughter, good boy-son.
If the first producing basis is the designation of any Latin letter: alpha male, beta-carotene, gamma radiation.
It is necessary to write together complex words formed with the help of a subordinate connection: timber processing (processing timber), Staromoskovsky (old Moscow), chronicler (writing a chronicle), dairy processing (processing milk), logging (logging).
SPELLING OF COMPOUND WORDS
In compound words, after the basis for a solid consonant (except for w, w, c), a connecting vowel o is written: atom about move, water about pressure, waves about cut, east about slavic, sound about insulating, fish about catching.
After the stems for a soft consonant, as well as for w, w, c and for a vowel, e is written: big e eyed, snake e prominent, beam e emitter, fire e meth, vegetable e storage, birds e catch, fresh e frozen.
Note 1. In some words, after the basis for a soft consonant, o is written (in parallel with words in which, according to the rule, after the same basis, e is written): far about combat (long e jet), bone about carved (bone e crushing), shelter about treatment, blood about letting (blood e creative, bloody e substitute), song about singing (song e creativity), wool about spinning, wool about weaving (wool e harvesting, wool e processing).
Note 2. In the words gas and fication, gas and fit, electr and fication, electric and to fit and derivatives from them is written and. These words are not complex, since the Russian language does not have the words "fikation" and "fitsirovat". Wed spelling compound words with a similar stem: gas about wire, gas about generator, gas about meter, gas about throne, heat about cart, electric about cart, electric about car, electric about razor, etc., where the general rule applies.
Note 3. The word agr and culture has a parallel spelling agroculture, which is more common in the modern language. This, apparently, is explained by the fact that the Greek root agros ("field") in Russian formations stands out as an independent one. Wed also spelling of words agr about business, agri about town, agra about climatic, agr about plant, agro OK complex, agr about industrial, agricultural about service, agr about chemist, agricultural about school, etc., which does not contradict the general rule.
2.8. Difficult words. Connecting vowels and suffixes in compound words. Spelling of vowels in compound words
1. As noted (see Section 2.2), the Russian language has a fairly large number compound words, that is, words with several (usually two) roots.
Blue-eyed, warm-loving, white-red-blue.
In compound words, roots can be connected using special morphemes - connecting vowels. It is traditionally believed that there are two connecting vowels in Russian - o and e.
Steam move, millennium, white-faced, blue-eyed.
2. At the same time, other elements can be used as connecting parts of compound words. Some of them are sometimes equated with connecting vowels. But in the school tradition they are usually referred to as suffixes.
Such suffixes include, for example, the following:
suffixes -o- and -e- in compound words formed from the combination "adverb + adjective";
Small about cute, forever green.
suffixes -i-, -uh-, -u- in compound words with the first part - the form of the numeral in the genitive case. Although these suffixes coincide in form with the endings of numerals: five days, two days, however, these are not endings, but suffixes (!);
Fifth and storey, two days, two at the trunk.
a) by merging a group of words into one word;
Cum and gone, mind and deprived.
b) using the first part - the initial form of the word;
Time I am a pastime, here I am a kidney.
suffix -and- in compound words with the first part - the form of the verb in the imperative mood;
Vert and head, vert and tail, hold and muzzle, roll and field;
suffixes -а-, -я- in complex words denoting a shade of color, in the first part of which there is a prefix from- / is-.
Is blue is black, yellow is green.
3. In some cases, the final vowel of the first part of a compound word (usually a foreign language element) is included in the root.
Avi a base, kin o film, auto base, mot o race.
4. The spelling of a vowel in the middle of compound words depends on what element this vowel is (connecting vowel, suffix, part of the root) and how the compound word is formed.
The spelling of connecting vowels is subject to the following rule:
O- is written after hard consonants (except w, w, c), -e- is written after soft consonants and w, w, c.
Water-collared, blue-eyed, freshly shaven.
2) In some compound words, after the stem to a soft consonant, the connecting vowel -o- is used:
In some compound words, the first part is the word in its initial form.
Time I am calculus, time I am forwarding, this I share, this I am a leg, this I am a kidney.
But in other cases, with the first part - the same root - a connecting vowel is used (in combination with the suffix -en-).
Wed: seed about storage, seed about vodstvo.
The final vowels of the root are preserved in compound words with the first foreign part:
o and e: auto-( auto base), agro- ( agr o chemistry), bio- ( bi o stimulator), geo- ( ge o politics), hydro- ( hydr o knot), zoo- ( zo tech), movie- ( movie about almanac), macro- ( macro o element), meteo- ( mete o summary), moto- ( mot o sport), radio- ( for the sake of the mechanic), tele- ( body essay), a photo- ( photo of the studio), electro- ( electric motor).
Exception: kin e osprey;
a: air- ( air mail, air line);
and: quasi- ( kvaz and scientific), multi- ( cartoon and millionaire), poly- ( sex and vitamins), mini- ( min and -dress).
In some words ( center and fugue, agr and culture, electr and fication, electr and fiq, electr and fiq, gas and fiq, gas and fiq, gas and fiq) the vowel [i] is pronounced and the vowel i is written. Compound words with these roots use the connecting vowel -o-.
Wed: the center of the refugee, the agricultural school, the electric razor, the gas exchange.
The vowels a, i of the former case ending are preserved in compound words arising from phrases:
the mind is deprived, the sum is gone, I love myself, I love myself.
In compound words, in the first part of which numerals appear, the genitive case form is used with vowels and, a.
Five and a multiple, five and a storey, seven and a letka, forty a day, one and a half a percent.
Exceptions:
compound words with the first part - the numerals one, ninety, one hundred, one thousand - have connecting vowels -o- or -e-.
One day, nine hundred years, one hundred years, one thousand years.
some compound words with the first part forty have a connecting vowel -o-;
Forty about the leg, forty about the mouth.
some words with the first part three have the connecting vowel -e-.
Tripod, triangle, triangular, triangular.
Suffixes -а-, -я- are used in complex words denoting a shade of color, in the first part of which there is a prefix from- / is-.
Compound words without a connecting vowel
1. It is necessary to distinguish between compound words with connecting vowels and compound words without a connecting vowel. Compare: psychotherapy (psych + therapy) - psychasthenia (psych + asthenia).
2. In some compound words, the first part is a word in its initial form, for example: time reckoning, pastime: cotyledon, seed stalk, ovule (cf .: seed production, seed storage - with a connecting vowel).
3. Without a connecting vowel, terms such as nitrogen-containing, forward looking, etc. are formed.
4. The letter is saved a at the end of the component -air-(short for aviation), which forms the first part of compound words such as air base, airborne assault, airmail, air unit, etc.
5. With a case ending in the first part, the words crazy, insane, and the like that have arisen from phrases are formed.
6. In the form of the genitive case without a connecting vowel, numerals are included in compound words, for example: three-meter, five-time, seven-year-old. Exceptions are the numerals one, ninety, one hundred and one thousand, for example: one-year, ninety years, hundredfold, thousand mouths. The numeral forty in compound words is used in two forms: without a connecting vowel (forty days) and with a connecting vowel (magpie, centipede - not in the direct meaning of the count).
7. It is necessary to distinguish between compound words and words in which two stems are not distinguished in Russian. Compare: gas pipeline - gasification, electrician - electrification, where in the first words of these pairs two roots and a connecting vowel are distinguished, and in the second - one root. Wed also compound words with a connecting vowel about- agricultural technology, agriculture, agrominimum and completely borrowed obsolete word agriculture - from lat. agriculture - farming, farming.
Note 1. On a common basis, foreign prefixes are written together anti-, archi-, hyper-, inter-, infra-, counter-, post-, sub-, super-, trans-, ultra-, extra-, etc., for example: anti-folk (but: Anti-Dühring - in the function of a proper name), arch-rogue, hyperinflation, international, infrared, counter-proposal (but: rear-admiral, where the first part has a different meaning), post-impressionism (with the preservation of the initial root and), postmodernism (cf. the continuous spelling of the same prefix in words of foreign origin indivisible by morphemes: postscript, post factum, etc.), dust jacket (but: super-computer - before the capital letter), subtropics, trans-Siberian, ultrasound, extraordinary ( but: extra-class - before the noun).
Note 2. The initial components are written together quasi-, pseudo-, pan-, for example: quasi-scientific, pseudo-classical, pangerian (but: quasi-Pushkin, pan-Europe, etc. - before their own names).
Words with a connecting vowel "o" and "e"
In Russian, new words are formed by addition using connecting vowels -about- and -e-.
The method of adding two words (bases) using a connecting vowel -about- (interfix) written after solid consonants, for example, complex nouns are formed.
Compound nouns with the connecting vowel "o"
Pure addition:
reinforced concrete, forest-steppe, gas cylinder, forest park, dried fruits, self-esteem.
Addition with suffix:
plane, samovar, dump truck, scooter, gardener, beet grower, helicopter, gas pipeline, rock climber, snowfall, bread machine, juice cooker, fisherman, dough mixer, icebreaker, climber, whirlpool, waterfall, bread slicer, steam locomotive, motor ship, astrologer, moon rover.
Compound adjectives with the connecting vowel "o"
pale about face, narrow about eyed, sharp about top, red about face, chamois about sour, latin about American, north about marine, cast iron about foundry, mechanic about assembly, low about sorted, black about brow, white about marble, oriental about Slavic, short about hairy, dark about hairy.
Compound nouns with the connecting vowel "e"
Connecting vowel -e- written after soft consonants, hissing and "c" in compound nouns:
birds e factory, ship e wreck, vegetable e storage, senior e class student, cha e water, land e mer, pool e meth, mouse e dexterity, suns e standing, walking e move, birds e fishing, life e love, dirty e hospital, land e swarm, earth e scoop, earth e shaking, dust e collection, vegetable e Cafe and bar Menu of our hotel It is inexpensive to book a room in a hotel with full board and home cooking in St. Petersburg Are you going to visit St. Petersburg and you are interested in inexpensive accommodation and meals in […]
Russian language
6th grade
33. Connecting about and e in compound words
Compound words are words that consist of two (rarely three) roots.. Compound words are formed from the bases of the original words (steam, carry → locomotive), from whole words (sofa, bed → sofa bed).
When forming complex words, connecting vowels are most often used. about and e.
Sometimes compound words are formed without connecting vowels: plastic.
Consider compound words. Which connecting vowel is used after hard consonants, and which is used after soft consonants, hissing and c!
167 . Write down compound words that would have the same roots as in these words. Indicate the conditions for choosing the studied spellings. Which of these compound words appeared later than the others? Make complex sentences with any two written words.
Water, fall. Forest, cut. Porridge, cook. Gas, conduct. Ice, prick. General, live. Atom, walk. Storm, break. Bird, catch. Moon, walk. Way, walk.
168 . Write out compound words indicating the conditions for choosing connecting owe. Then write down the remaining words, denoting suffixes in them.
I..investigator, rain..measures, close..feeder, switch, observer..meter, bee..water, account..tchik, steam..move, language..ved, eye..measures, counter.. tchik, test pilot.
169 . The roots given in the box are most often found in the second part of compound nouns. Pick up and write down 2-3 words with each of them. With two compound nouns, make up sentences that would help you understand the meaning of these nouns.
In this lesson, we will analyze such concepts as compound words, connecting vowels; Let's answer the question when the connecting vowel O is written, and when - E.
Compound words are words that were created as a result of combining two (less often three) words into one word:
himself, fly - plane
steam, walk - steamboat
porridge, cook - cook
poultry, factory - poultry farm
Compound words are formed with the help of connecting vowels O and E. These vowels are added to the end of the first stem, which is part of the compound word.
Notice some of the words below:
Based on these examples, we formulate the rule for writing connecting vowels O and E in compound words.
The connecting vowel E is written after:
1) hissing: w, w, w, h;
2) letters C;
3) soft consonants.
And the connecting vowel O is written after the bases on a solid consonant (except w, sh and c): fabulist, hunter.
How to determine which connecting vowel should be written in a word?
To do this, you must first select the first root. If the final consonant of the root is hissing, the letter C or a soft consonant, then the letter E should be written to connect the roots.
In other cases, the connecting O is written.
For example:
In other cases, the connecting letter O is written in compound words, for example:
It is important to learn how to correctly identify roots in compound words, remember the rule for writing connecting vowels O and E and apply it.
List of used literature:
- Baranova M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A., Shansky N.M., Vlasenkova A.I. Work programs and calendar-thematic planning in the Russian language for the textbook "Russian language" for grade 6, edited by Baranov M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A., Trostentsova L.A., Grigoryan L.T.
- Sokolova G.P. Russian language lessons in grade 6: A book for teachers: From work experience. - M.: "Enlightenment", 1986. - 80p.
- Calendar-thematic planning "Russian language grade 6" according to the textbook: "Russian language grade 6". Textbook for educational institutions. Authors-compilers: Ladyzhenskaya T.A., Trostentsova L. et al. - M.: Education, 2012. Federal State Educational Standard.
- Gromov S.A. Russian language. Practical literacy course. Textbook for educational institutions. - M .: Moscow Lyceum, 2006. -55 p.
- Blinov G.I., Antokhina V.A. Collection of dictations on spelling and punctuation. A guide for the teacher. - M .: "Enlightenment", 1986.
- Yarovikova O. V. We remember through the image. Methodological guide for teachers and students. - Yoshkar-Ola: "String", 2008. - 84 pages.
Russian language lesson in 6th grade.
Teacher: Egorova
Albina Vsevolodovna,
Teacher of Russian language
And literature MBOU
"Secondary School No. 24", Cheboksary
Topic: “Connecting vowels O-E in compound words»
Target:
- repeat the basic ways of forming words;
- introduce the method of forming words from the bases of the original words with the help of connecting vowels;
- teach to choose connecting vowels o-e in compound words;
- to raise interest in the word, to show the pictorial possibilities of word formation.
During the classes
1. Repetition of methods of word formation already known to students
Give a coherent answer to the question: “What are the main ways of forming words in Russian do you know? Illustrate your answer with examples.
Guys, I want to give you a statement by the famous children's writer K.I. Chukovsky:
“Prefixes give Russian speech so many rich shades. The wonderful expressiveness of speech depends to a large extent on them. In the variety of prefixes, there is a variety of meanings. Do you agree with him? Try to prove Chukovsky's point of view with examples.
Indeed, the prefix can unrecognizably change the meaning of even obviously cognate words. For example: contribution, tray, transfer, denunciation, wear, removal, etc.
Form a new word from these words using the given prefixes and suffixes. Write down the words and sort them into composition:
original word | Console | suffix |
Drive | Once- | Xia |
Law | ||
Pair | On the- | Nick |
gnaw | OK |
|
The border | By- | Nick |
Secret | ||
River | Per- |
2. Setting the goal of the lesson:
Working with a table:
Look carefully at the table. What do you think the lesson will be about today? How would you formulate the problem we will be working on today? Determine the purpose of today's lesson.
(The teacher summarizes the children's answers)
3. Explanation of the new topic
What is the peculiarity of the words included in the table? (They all have 2 roots)
What vowels are used to connect them? What do you think determines the choice of the vowel -o and -e?
What can you say about the words presented in the third column? Why are they separate?
What would you write on the first line of the table?
Complete the table with your own examples.
Conclusion : The connecting vowel -O is written after hard consonants. Consonants do not follow the rule-w, - w, -c followed by a connecting vowel–e.
After the stem into a soft consonant, after the hissing and–c the connecting vowel is written e.
4. Training exercises
Creative dictation
Replace phrases with one compound word, underline the consonant, on which the choice of the connecting vowel depends.
Help mutually (mutual assistance)
love work (hard work)
People with the same surname (namesake)
One who walks (pedestrian)
The one who cooks steel (steelmaker)
Logging (logging)
Device for catching mice (mousetrap)
Mud treatment (mud therapy)
Beetle that eats bark (bark beetle)
The one that swims in the sea (navigator)
5. "Guess the riddle"
Guys, we will continue the vocabulary dictation, only you must write down the words yourself. Write down the word that is the answer to the riddle.
1. I will rumble, I will scream, I will fly away under the sky (helicopter, plane).
2. He drinks with his tail, and gives with his beak (water supply).
3. He has a rubber trunk, a canvas stomach, and his motor hums - he swallows both dust and rubbish (vacuum cleaner).
4. I have a hedgehog in my room for a year.
If the floor is smeared with wax, he will rub it to a gloss (electric floor polisher).
5. There is a hole at the top, a hole at the bottom, and in the middle there is a fire and a hole (samovar).
6. A miracle janitor in front of us, with raking hands in one minute, raked up a huge snowdrift (snowplow).
7. A fabled bird flies, and inside the people sit, talking to each other (airplane).
8. Whatever this eye looks at, it will convey everything in the picture (camera).
"Find yourself a mate"
- Guys, now let's play with you. Each of you will receive a piece of paper on which this or that word is written. Your task is to find a match for yourself and create a compound word using a connecting vowel.
(The table shows an approximate group of words that are distributed to children)
Water | O | Fall |
Thunder | divert |
|
Earth | measure |
|
Ship | crash |
|
edge | to know |
|
Ice | prick |
|
Forest | hack |
|
Oil | The wire |
|
Fire | Extinguish |
|
On foot | Walk |
|
Bird | Farm |
|
Fish | Catch |
5. Visual possibilities of word formation
Writers often use well-known word-building methods to create their own, they are called author's words. For example, the famous writer Saltykov-Shchedrin, whom you know from his fairy tales, creates accusatory words that are necessary for a satirical depiction of his contemporary society: nonsense-bearing brethren, black-armed meaning, foam skimmers, etc.
Modern writers actively use the possibilities of word formation. Let's read Matusovsky's poem, in which the poet forms new words according to the type of the word forbs (blooming meadows).
Who else could compete
With this forest greenery?
Summer all your riches
Scatters in front of me.
To be worthy of note
We haven't been able to
Diversity, colorfulness,
Diversity of the whole Earth.
We will never get bored
Never get bored
Diversity, diversity,
diversity of these places.
Young birches neighborhood,
lonely elm sadness
I take it straight to my heart
I'm afraid to drop something.
Mint, porridge, lungwort
Here they huddle in the meadow.
Now it's time for us to part
Yes, I can't.
Becoming older than I am,
I feel stronger
Diversity, diversity,
Variety of summer days.
Write out difficult words from the text, distributing them into two columns. What groups will you divide them into?
What figurative and expressive means does the poet use to create the image of a summer day.
6. Reflection
What new way of forming words have we met today?
What determines the choice of the connecting vowel?
7. Explanation of homework
I suggest you take up vocabulary. Come up with your own compound words on the topic "Winter".
Let's see how the word is formed airplane. He flies himself. There are two roots in the word sam-, let-. Words that have two roots are called compound words..
What do these complex words have in common: plane, samovar, scooter, homemade, self-love?
The samovar cooks itself, the second root is var-.
The scooter itself rolls, rolls, the second root is kat-.
Homemade - he does it himself, business, the second root of affairs.
Self-esteem - self-esteem - oneself, loves, the root of love.
Sam is the first part of compound words.
Let's observe which vowel letters connect two roots in compound words.
navigator (goes to the sea, roots of sea-, walk-),
steam about move (walks on a couple, roots of couples-, move-)
stone e pad (stones fall, roots of stone-, pad-),
stars about pad (stars fall, roots of stars-, pad-)
In words sailor and rockfall the first root ends in a soft consonant sound p "and n", the roots are connected by the letter E.
In words steamboat and starfall the first root ends in a solid consonant r and d, the roots are connected by the letter O.
Most often, the roots in compound words connect the vowel letters o or e. These letters are called connecting vowel letters.
How to proceed in order to correctly write the letter of the connecting vowel indifficult words?
1. Make sure that the word is complex: find the roots and verbally pick up words with the same root for each.
2. If the word is complex, listen to what consonant the first root ends with. If on a hard one - you need to write O, if on a soft one - E.
The letter E comes after unpaired hard ones: w, w, c.
Decide what letter to write in the place of the gap.
Perennial- many years, roots many-, years-, the letter of the connecting vowel O,
guide- way, lead, roots put-, water-, the letter of the connecting vowel E,
Old Russian-drevny, Russia, roots of ancient-, rus-, the letter of the connecting vowel E,
waterfowl- water, swim, roots water-, floating-, the letter of the connecting vowel O.
Forming compound words
What compound words can replace these sentences?
1) A stream of water that falls from a great height.
2) A person who plows the land.
3) Animals that look like mice that dig the ground.
4) A beetle that eats bark.
5) A person walking.
Check yourself: waterfall (roots of water-, pad-), plowman (roots of earth-, plow-), shrew (roots of earth-, swarm-), bark beetle (roots of cor-, ed-), pedestrian (roots of foot-, walk-).
What are these magical items called?
Boots- self-propelled, tablecloth - self-assembly, gusli - samogudy.
What is the common root in these words? Root self-.
Why are fairy-tale magic items called that? Boots walk by themselves. The tablecloth itself collects food (to take in the meaning of getting food). Gusli themselves play, buzz.
We find difficult words in poetic lines:
Early bird jumping
On the snow-covered branches -
yellow-breasted tits
They came to visit us.
(Yu. Sinitsyn)
Spring came! Spring is red
With green grass by the window.
hung up earrings
White birch.
(E. Trutneva)
Along the ravines, along the cliffs,
Through the fingers of the willow
It pours quietly and fearfully
Yellow river.
School house one-story
Smiling at the window.
The rook roams the fields importantly,
Like a rural agronomist.
(M. Isakovsky)
Falling leaves! Falling leaves!
Forest autumn caulking.
Cannabis flew,
Became red edges.
(N. Egorov)
Difficult words:
yellow-breasted- with yellow breasts, roots yellow-, breast-;
white-legged- with a white leg, leg, roots white-, knife-;
leaf fall- leaves fall, roots leaf-, pad-;
yellow-leaved- with yellow leaves, roots yellow-, leaf-;
one-story- with one floor, roots one-, floor-.
What kind of person can you say that about?
Couch potato- likes to lie on its side, the roots lie-, side-, the first root ends in w, we write the letter e;
sweet tooth- loves sweets as food, sweet roots, hedgehogs;
idle talk- says empty words, the roots are empty-, words-.
These words are called character traits of a person. Let's explain the meaning of the words.
Hardworking- loves work, roots work-, love-;
weak-willed- weak will, roots weak-, vol-;
merciful- sweet heart, roots mil-, heart-;
good-natured- kind soul, good roots, soul;
noble- the good of the family, the roots of good, kind-.
What would you call a person who has a great soul, sharp mind, clear eyes, dark hair?
great soul - generous(the roots are great-, shower-),
sharp mind - witty(roots sharp-, mind-),
clear eyes - clear-eyed(roots clear-, eye-),
dark hair - dark-haired(dark roots, hair-).
Let's read the names, think about whether these words are difficult.
Dobrolyubov- to love goodness, the roots of kindness, love. Nikolai Dobrolyubov is a Russian writer.
Dobronravov- good disposition, roots dobr-, disposition-. Nikolai Dobronravov is a songwriter.
Bogolyubov- loving god, roots god-, love-.
Krasnoshchekova- red cheeks, red roots, cheeks.
Compound words call people by profession.
commander- leads the regiments, the roots of the regiment-, water-,
fabulist- writes fables, roots of fables, piss,
beekeeper- breeds bees, bee roots -, water -,
plumber- conducts water, roots of water-, water-, prefix pro-,
steelmaker- cooks steel, roots steel-, var-,
birder- catches birds, bird roots-, catch-, the first root ends in c, we write e.
Listen to the text, determine how many difficult words met.
Moscow was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. Moscow was originally a wooden fortress, fenced with a palisade of logs. The oak walls of the Kremlin were replaced by white stone ones. It was then that Moscow received a name for all time - white stone. And also golden-domed, with golden heads, domes of temples. Chistoprudny Boulevard is one of the old streets in the center of Moscow.
Dolgoruky- long arms, roots long-, arms-,
stockade- a fence of closely driven stakes, the roots are part-, count-,
white stone- built of white stone, the roots are white, stone,
golden-domed- with golden heads, roots of gold-, heads-,
Chistoprudny- clean ponds, clean roots, pond-.
Redfin fish is very beautiful. Her back is green, on the sides are golden scales with a brown border on the sides. Orange eyes, yellow lips. The fish got its nickname for the color of the fins. (According to N. Osipov)
A blade of grass grows, straight, strong, and at the end of its green brush sticks up. This is what a foxtail looks like. Of course, such a tail is too small even for a fox, but it still looks like a tail.
water strider- this is the name of an insect that quickly runs through the water, as if it wants to measure the distance.
Redstart- a compound word consisting of two roots mountains- and a tail-. Root words: burn, ponytail.
rudd- a compound word, consists of two roots: red- and per-. Root words: red, feathers.
Foxtail- roots fox-, tail-. Related words: fox, ponytail.
water strider- roots of water-, measure-. Water, measure.
