Hormonal disbalance is a dysfunction caused by pathology of the endocrine and neuroregulatory systems, both in women and men. All processes occurring in the body largely depend on the hormonal status.

In women, such a failure causes various diseases of the reproductive system and, in combination with impaired immunity, inflammation and sexual infections, causes a number of serious problems: menstrual irregularities, endometrial hyperplasia, and. It is very important to regularly conduct gynecological examinations, because a number of diseases of the female genital area are asymptomatic, without pain, bleeding and other clinical manifestations.

What you need to know about female hormones? Complex processes in the female body are controlled by estrogen and progesterone. It is these hormones that are responsible for puberty and the onset of menstruation in adolescence, breast and hair growth, and regulation of the reproductive period.

Hormonal levels change after a woman becomes pregnant: a new hormone is released - human chorionic gonadotropin. In a woman preparing to become a mother, the amount of estrogen and progesterone increases, and at about the fourth month, the placenta begins to support the pregnancy thanks to its own hormones.

The next hormonal surge occurs after childbirth, and the biological functions of the body return to normal. Now the main task of female hormones is to ensure the production of breast milk for feeding the baby.

Thus, before the onset, when the ovaries stop producing an egg and produce estrogen, the level of hormones in the body can change.

But if in past years a failure in the hormonal sphere meant the pathological work of the endocrine glands only in women, now this concept has spread to the male part of the population. It was found that in them the abnormal functioning of the endocrine system also leads to disorders. Moreover, the fact that the reproductive system in men and women is far from the same does not negate the similarity of symptoms caused by pathologies in the hormonal sphere.

Causes of hormonal failure in women and men

There are many factors that contribute to hormonal failure in both men and women. This is primarily due to the dependence of the hormonal status on the neuroendocrine regulation of the central nervous system, which occurs in the brain, and on the proper functioning of the endocrine glands, which are localized on the periphery.

In this regard, the causes contributing to hormonal disorders can be divided into two large groups:

Causes caused by violations in the functioning of the central regulation.

Causes provoked by pathological processes occurring in the peripheral glands. Failures in their work can be caused by tumors, infections, inflammatory processes, etc.

So, let's highlight all the possible causes of hormonal failure:

The system of neuroendocrine regulation, also called the hypothalamic-pituitary system, may begin to work incorrectly as a result of a lesion of organic origin. These include severe brain and skull injuries,. In addition, internal and external causes can cause malfunctions in the functioning of this system. For example, it can be exhaustion of the body, chronic fatigue, like a syndrome, etc .;

Such glands that do not affect the function of reproduction, such as the adrenal cortex or, can have a direct effect on the human hormonal background;

Due to the fact that hormonal metabolism occurs in the liver, and the excretion of metabolites is carried out with the help of the kidneys, disturbances in their functioning can also cause failure;

It is impossible to exclude the factor of heredity. It plays an important role in the development of hormonal imbalance, especially those changes that occur during menopause and after it;

Congenital pathologies of the systems that are responsible for the production of hormones also represent a separate cause leading to imbalance. For the first time, such pathologies usually manifest themselves by delayed puberty or its absence;

Most often, disruptions in the hormonal sphere occur during periods of physiological changes. Among the most significant stages are puberty and similar fading. Women, unlike men, experience several more sexual storms - these are childbirth and, in some cases, abortions.

Symptoms of hormonal failure in young girls 14-16 years old may be the absence of menstruation or its irregularity. At this time, the cycle should already be established, but if this does not happen, there is a possibility of insufficient production or absence of estrogen and progesterone in the body. Alarming symptoms are also excessive body hair and underdevelopment of the mammary glands. Often, girls with insufficient levels of sex hormones in the blood have high growth, thinness, long arms and legs. The menstrual cycle is almost always disturbed if the body weight is less than 48 kg.

Hormonal failure can cause cystic degeneration of the ovaries and underdevelopment of the uterus. Also, after the onset of sexual activity, you should regularly be examined by a gynecologist, since some sexually transmitted diseases can cause inflammation of the reproductive organs and hormonal disorders. In pregnant women, symptoms of hormonal failure can be premature contractions of the uterus, pain in the lower abdomen.

An alarming sign is also an increase in premenstrual syndrome: a sharp change in mood, soreness and swelling of the chest, joint pain, and absent-mindedness. During menstruation, they can occur, develop. You should also pay attention to weight fluctuations, skin changes and visual disturbances.

Hormonal failure can cause serious diseases: these are fibroids, polycystic, and

Malfunctions of the reproductive system

At a young age, malfunctions in the functioning of the reproductive system are manifested in the fact that a teenage girl experiences a delay in sexual development with a delayed formation of sexual characteristics (secondary). In this case, the ontogeny of differences that are uncharacteristic of a particular gender often occurs. Women develop secondary masculine characteristics (masculinization), while men develop feminine characteristics (the process of feminization).

In addition, the reproductive system suffers:

Sexual desire is significantly reduced, up to its complete absence;

Erectile function suffers in males;

Women have difficulty reaching orgasm (anorgasmia);

Disorders in the work of the nervous system

With hormonal dysfunction, the process of cerebrosthenia develops. The symptoms of exhaustion are as follows:

hypersomnia;

Nervousness and irascibility, unreasonable irritability;

Fatigue after a short period of work;

Emotional instability, tearfulness;

Emotional disorders that can lead to depressive disorders;

Decrease in intellectual abilities, which is reversible.

Pathologies of metabolism

Metabolic problems that occur with hormonal failure are most often expressed in an increase in body weight. A sharp jump in weight makes doctors think about hormonal pathology.

In addition, patients begin to suffer from osteoporosis. Problems with bone tissue arise against the background of calcium metabolism disorders.

However, with correct and timely treatment, all symptoms can be eliminated. Nevertheless, if you ignore the failure for a long time, then it may well lead to more pronounced health problems, which will be provoked by long-term functional disorders in the work of most of the most important organs and systems.

Consequences of hormonal failure

Complications that can be caused by prolonged hormonal imbalance are as follows:

Inability to conceive a child, including male infertility;

Inability to have an adequate sex life, complete loss of libido;

Obesity;

The formation of malignant tumors, the growth of which depends on the hormonal status;

Fractures due to osteoporosis;

Heart attacks and strokes that develop against the background of atherosclerotic lesions;

The second type of diabetes.

Signs of hormonal failure in girls during puberty

An indicator of normal puberty in females is its manifestation in the period from 7 to 8 years. This process is completed by the age of 18. In the pubertal period, there is an acceleration in the rate of maturation of the body, an increase in height and weight, the formation of secondary sexual characteristics. It was at this time that the formation of the female reproductive system takes place, which is responsible for the process of reproduction in the future.

If secondary sexual characteristics are observed in children under 7 years of age, then sexual development is considered premature. In this case, an early start of menstruation occurs (sometimes this can happen even at 4 years old), the formation and growth of the mammary glands. Girls begin to quickly increase in height, however, it will ultimately not exceed 152 cm. This is due to premature ossification of the skeletal zones responsible for the growth of the girl in height.

There are several types of early onset puberty:

Pathological premature maturation, caused by disorders in the central genesis or occurring against the background of existing ovarian tumors that produce hormones. Most often, it is the tumors located in the region of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus that become the causes of early puberty;

Early sexual development of the constitutional type, its cause is the child's genetic predisposition to an early onset of puberty. At the same time, there are no pathological disorders in the systems responsible for the hormonal background. Such girls have a normal ability to reproduce, they do not need therapy. The first menstruation does not begin before 6 years.

The fact that the girl has a delay in the onset of puberty will be indicated by the absence of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 16. More often, these problems arise as a result of a genetic predisposition. At the same time, all systems after the onset of menstruation (at the age of 17 or 18) will work normally, and this feature of development will not complicate the process of further conception and childbearing.

However, there is also a pathologically determined delay in puberty. It can be a consequence of either Shereshevsky-Turner disease, or disorders in the functioning of the pituitary gland.

Currently, more and more often delayed puberty occurs due to alimentary exhaustion. It is the result of starvation due to mass dieting and girls' desire for painful thinness.

Sexual development with erased virilization

Sexual maturation with erased virilization is a pathological process in which a person has sexual characteristics that are not inherent in his gender. For example, in women, hair grows in a male pattern or the skeleton is distorted. If the basis for such a failure was a violation of metabolic processes, then characteristic signs may appear: acne, overweight, stretch marks.

Genetically determined pathologies in the development of the ovaries or the adrenal cortex can be the basis for a failure with latent virilization.

More often than others, the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty occurs, the causes of which are not fully understood. However, it is generally accepted that such a response of the body occurs against the background of an existing chronic tonsillitis or other infection, or as a result of an injury to the skull. It is impossible to exclude the influence of emotional stress, past viral infections, the fact of chronic overeating.

Hypothalamic syndrome, which provokes hormonal dysfunction, manifests immediately after the first menstruation in a girl, that is, in the age period from 11 to 13 years. At the same time, the appearance of a teenager exudes health: such girls are usually tall, slightly overweight, their hips and shoulders are wider than those of their peers. However, behind the seeming external well-being, there are many problems, among which are the excess of its indicators, excessive irritability and fatigue.

Stretch marks are another characteristic sign of hypothalamic syndrome, and these purple stripes that appear on the skin are most often not associated with obesity. Their appearance signals the activation of pathology.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

With hormonal failure, profuse uterine bleeding may occur during the onset of the next cycle. In this case, there are violations in the associated work of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries.

Juvenile uterine bleeding is a fairly common problem and accounts for up to 20% of all adolescent pathologies in the gynecological field.

As for the etiology of dysfunctional bleeding, it can be vitamin deficiency, SARS, or mental and physical overstrain. Moreover, pathology can develop in a teenager who does not have health problems, but who is studying in a too intensive program.

Symptomatically, this pathology is accompanied by the development of bleeding after a prolonged absence of the next menstruation. Moreover, the delay can vary from two weeks to several months. Menses preceding juvenile bleeding usually do not have abnormalities for 2 years. The bleeding itself can be both profuse and scanty, but prolonged (up to 15 days). They are often the cause of anemia.

If abnormal menstruation becomes too intense, then this may cause the development of DIC. In this case, urgent help from doctors is needed, since increased blood loss threatens the life of a teenager.

Signs of hormonal imbalance in women of reproductive age

It is characterized by the absence of menstruation in women who have not entered the menopause, are not carrying a child and are not breastfeeding.

Distinguish amenorrhea that has arisen:

Due to ovarian pathology;

Due to a failure of the central nervous regulation;

Due to disorders of the adrenal cortex.

If amenorrhea arose as a result of ovarian pathology, then most likely the cause is their polycystic disease. It becomes the result of stress, difficult childbirth, an early start to sexual activity, etc. In parallel, a woman will suffer from more or less pronounced obesity, as well as male-type hair growth (hair grows on her chin and on her lip, on the inner thighs). Stretch marks appear on the skin, nails become brittle, hair falls out. If such a condition is ignored, then this threatens the further development of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis, since these diseases are the result of a failure in carbohydrates.

When amenorrhea of ​​central origin is observed, the patient suffers from anemia, and. Long-term illness or starvation, a hereditary factor in which the pituitary gland and hypothalamus are affected, injuries and oncological diseases can lead to such hormonal disruptions.

It is difficult, with damage to internal organs, a hormonal failure occurs, caused by Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome. Amenorrhea in this case is one of the symptoms of the disease. The signs of this pathology are quite specific: specific obesity is observed, in which fat accumulates in the neck, face and upper body, the limbs gradually atrophy, striae appear on the body, hair grows in a male pattern. In parallel, the woman suffers from osteoporosis, hypertension and impaired glucose susceptibility.

If a woman has signs of this syndrome, then it makes sense to suspect the pathology of the adrenal glands. The cause may be hormone-producing tumors, or neoplasms localized in the pituitary gland and synthesizing steroids, which are normally produced by the adrenal glands.

A common phenomenon leading to hormonal failure is pseudo-Cushing's syndrome. It provokes disturbances in the work of the neuroendocrine system, and alcoholism, mental diseases and obesity can cause functional hypercortisolism.

Intermenstrual uterine bleeding

It is hormonal dysfunction that most often causes uterine bleeding. Menstruation occurs with disturbed periodicity, the risk of oncology increases, the reproductive ability of a woman decreases, and problems with bearing a child appear.

There are two types of functional uterine bleeding. The first type is ovulatory, in this case, blood loss occurs some time after the delay in the cycle. The delay itself can last more than 2 months. Blood loss is not too plentiful, however, in time they are quite long. There is a periodic increase in blood loss with a subsequent decline.

The second type - anovulatory - is distinguished by a progredient lengthening of the cycle. The duration of such menstruation can exceed a month.

Premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by a cyclical symptom complex in women, which is due to a malfunction of the hypothalamus regarding the regulation of hormonal production. This pathology can occur at any age, but most often affects women over 30 years of age. As for the causes of the ongoing violations, scientists suggest that the hereditary factor plays a role. In addition, severe stress, abortion and diseases of an infectious nature can provoke hormonal dysfunction. The influence of a sedentary lifestyle, nutritional errors, pathologies of the central nervous system, as well as gynecological pathologies is not excluded.

The syndrome starts a few days before the start of the next menstruation, on the first day of the cycle it gains maximum strength, after which it eliminates itself. In severely current pathology, the duration of symptoms can increase significantly.

The nature of the course of premenstrual syndrome may be as follows:

According to the type of metabolic disorders with swelling of the limbs and face;

By type of migraine with severe headaches, nausea and vomiting;

According to the type of neurosis with excessive irritability, depressive states, increased fatigue and sleep disturbances;

According to the type of dystonia with a slowing of the pulse, a decrease in pressure and flatulence;

According to the type of sympathoadrenal crisis with pressure surges, unreasonable fears, an increase in the number of heartbeats, culminating in copious urine output. Such crises are the result of a malfunction of not only the hypothalamus, but also the adrenal glands.

Common symptoms for most women are pain in the mammary glands and increased olfactory function. Sometimes it is noted, heart pain, allergic manifestations. The younger the woman, the more she is prone to depression during premenstrual syndrome, and the older, the higher the tendency to irritability these days.

In terms of frequency of occurrence, it is hormonal dysfunction that is the most common complication of abortion. This procedure is accompanied not only by the most complex restructuring of the body, but also by a strong nervous shock. If this is the first pregnancy for a woman, then the risk of complications increases significantly. Moreover, the method of interruption does not have a significant effect on this. However, it is best to perform the procedure as early as possible, this somewhat reduces the risk of possible complications.

If a medical abortion was chosen as a method of terminating a pregnancy, then the woman is prescribed hormonal therapy, which contributes to the normalization of the cycle. When no complications develop, it returns to normal after a month.

The onset of hormonal dysfunction after an abortion may indicate:

body weight growth;

• Nervous symptoms;

  Jumps in blood pressure, pulse instability,.

Hormonal failure in women after childbirth

The body of any woman who has given birth undergoes complex hormonal transformations, so menstruation may begin with a certain delay, even if the child is not breastfed.

Hormones have an effect on weight gain during breastfeeding, however, their action is a physiologically determined need that ensures milk production. In this regard, breastfeeding women need to be in motion as much as possible and not consume foods that are high in calories. Most often, proper nutrition and exercise allow you to eliminate excess body weight after it stops.

If the weight does not go away, despite the fulfillment of all the doctor's prescriptions, then this most often indicates hormonal dysfunction.

You should consult a doctor if:

Weight increases unmotivated;

Virilization process is observed;

The menstrual cycle is not restored, the discharge between;

Neurological disorders appear.

Stress, infections, exacerbation of existing chronic diseases, as well as gynecological pathologies can increase the risk of developing hormonal dysfunction after childbirth. Overwork, which most young mothers experience, negatively affects the hormonal system.

When a woman reaches the age of 45, the gradual extinction of her sexual functions begins. This process is called climax. The period is characterized by an irregular menstrual cycle, followed by the complete disappearance of menstruation. However, this process should not be taken as a pathology, because it is a physiological norm. Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence among women of menopausal syndrome, which is provoked by hormonal dysfunction.

Signs of the development of a pathological menopause are divided into three groups:

Developing early - about three years before the complete stop of menstruation;

Delayed in time - they begin to disturb a woman three or two years after the complete cessation of menstruation;

Late - develop after 5 years after the cessation of menstruation.

If we consider the symptoms of delayed menopause, then this is mainly a lesion of the skin in the genital area and dystrophy of the appendages. Urinary incontinence develops, pain occurs during intimacy, and the likelihood of developing vulvovaginitis also increases. These phenomena are associated with a decrease in the level of estrogen in the blood. Brittle nails, hair loss and dry skin are characteristic signs of estrogen deficiency.

The symptoms of menopause delayed in time are gross metabolic disorders. Women suffer from osteoporosis and diabetes.

Why changes occur in the hormonal sphere during menopause is a question that is still open. However, there are suggestions that the provoking factors are poor nutrition, stress and bad habits.

The development of pathological menopause threatens women:

With pathologies of the nervous system;

With violations of neuroendocrine regulation;

With gynecological infections;

Passed through miscarriages, abortions or had complicated childbirth.

To ensure the normal development of secondary sexual characteristics in adolescence, hormones produced by the testicles - androgens - are responsible for muscle strength, impressive growth and aggressiveness of adult men. However, in order for the male body to work without failures, it also needs female hormones - estrogens. Therefore, against the background of the full health of a man, his blood will have the same estrogen content as a woman in the menopausal period.

It is they who are responsible for the sexual desire of a man who will suffer with their shortage or excess. Estrogens provide an opportunity for the successful maturation of spermatozoa, are responsible for mental abilities, regulate metabolic processes, in particular, lipid and calcium metabolism in bone tissue.

Estrogens in men are the result of the work of the liver and adipose tissue, which convert testosterone. In the sex glands, it is formed negligibly small.

The activity of the male gonads is also regulated by the pituitary and hypothalamus working in the system, as well as the work of the testicles. Therefore, the main cause of male hormonal dysfunction is considered to be hypogonadism - secondary and primary.

Secondary hypogonadism is a pathology of central origin, which, like in women, is the result of brain tumors (pituitary and hypothalamus), neuroinfection, congenital malformation or trauma.

Sometimes a hormonal failure occurs as a result of chronic poisoning against the background, taking drugs, and harmful professional activities. Such intoxication entails increased production of estrogen from testosterone.

Endocrine pathology is a rare cause of hormonal dysfunction in the male body. Hormone-dependent tumors, pathologies of the liver and kidneys also rarely provoke such disorders.

Symptoms of hormonal failure in men

puberty

Beginning of puberty in young men can be both late and ahead of schedule. If we are talking about premature puberty, then it is caused by brain tumors localized in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. In addition, the cause may be a genetic predisposition. Secondary sexual characteristics in this case may appear in a boy as early as 7 years old. The child begins to grow rapidly, but this process stops in adolescence, as the growth zones of the skeleton ossify prematurely.

If a boy has obesity and other symptoms of metabolic disorders, then most often this hormonal failure is provoked by the pathological work of the adrenal cortex. An additional provoking factor is the child's consumption of hormone-containing foods. For example, meat and milk with steroids.

There may be several reasons leading to a delay in the onset of puberty in boys:

Poisoning, infection, injury - any damage to the central nervous system;

Diseases of the thyroid gland, obesity - pathologies of the endocrine nature;

Chronic diseases that provoked the depletion of the body.

In the treatment of delayed puberty, hypogonadism and hereditary predisposition should be considered as possible influencing factors.

Hormonal failure in reproductive age

Manifestations of sexual dysfunction in the reproductive period most often occur against the background of increased estrogen production:

Excess body weight;

Pathologies of the nervous system;

Growth of the mammary glands;

Violations of sexual desire and the possibility of reproduction.

The reasons for the failure can be very diverse: pathologies of internal organs and systems, poisoning, bad habits, nervous tension, malnutrition, etc. Symptoms in each case will be supplemented by appropriate etiological signs.

Menopause in men

A natural physiological stage is the extinction of sexual function in men in adulthood. However, it also happens that this process is accompanied by pathological disorders.

First of all, menopause in men will be accompanied by the following symptoms:

Increased irritability;

fatigue;

Depressive moods;

Falling self-esteem;

Panic attacks;

Fall of cognitive abilities, decrease in creative possibilities;

Feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness.

In addition to disorders in the nervous sphere, men suffer from, in parallel with which problems with urination begin.

The mammary glands may begin to increase, body weight increases, and fat begins to accumulate in places uncharacteristic for men - on the sides, on the hips. Facial and chest hair stops growing.

The cardiovascular system suffers, atherosclerotic vascular lesions begin to develop and.

The skin gradually atrophies, the condition of nails and hair worsens. Like women, men can have hot flashes, increased work of the sweat glands.

Factors provocateurs of pathological male menopause are as follows:

Pathologies of the central nervous system caused by injuries, infections, poisoning;

Diseases of the endocrine gland;

Bad habits, poor nutrition, low physical activity;

Liver disease;

Prolonged stress;

Somatic diseases;

hereditary predisposition;

Previously transferred hormonal dysfunctions.

Diagnosis of hormonal failure

The comprehensive survey should include:

Tests to detect hormone levels, general and biochemical blood tests;

Examination of internal organs, which allows you to assess their possible damage caused by hormonal dysfunction;

Exclusion of pathologies of organic origin, for example, tumors, etc.;

Carrying out differential diagnostics, which allows to identify hypogonadism, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, etc.

If a tumor has become the cause of the violations, then it must be eliminated from the body. When the failure provocateur factor cannot be eliminated, for example, if it is a menopause, then hormone therapy is required. If the pathology does not have a severe organic nature, then its manifestations can be successfully eliminated by a course of medication.

It is very important to remember that therapy is always selected individually, depending on the results of medical tests. This suggests that self-medication with hormonal failure is contraindicated. To avoid complications and serious consequences, you need to undergo gynecological examinations twice a year.

Preventive measures to prevent the recurrence of the disease, both in women and men, are reduced to the following rules:

Adherence to the principles of proper nutrition;

Compliance with the daily routine;

Strong physical activity;

Rejection of bad habits;

If possible, avoid stressful situations.

If there are appropriate appointments, then physiotherapy, treatment in sanatoriums and dispensaries can be shown.

Education: Diploma of the Russian State Medical University N. I. Pirogov, specialty "Medicine" (2004). Residency at the Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, diploma in Endocrinology (2006).

Many girls and women complain about the deterioration of sleep, bad mood, but I don’t want to talk about their appearance - the skin is dry, the hair is split and broken, and there is an unhealthy shine in the eyes. But no one associates these symptoms with the level of hormones, and after all, all important life cycles in the body are directly related to physiological changes and therefore a hormonal failure occurs, the symptoms of which are presented above. Therefore, one should not underestimate the normal state of this background, because the endocrine system can affect many functions of the central nervous system and regulate the proper functioning of all human organs.

If a woman has a hormonal failure, the reasons for this phenomenon are very different, but the most important factor is considered to be a low level of progesterone. The thing is, the female half of humanity produces hormones such as progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone is considered a female hormone, and although the body produces these two hormones in the same amounts, it often happens that the level of estrogen is higher than the level of progesterone. And then the hormones go astray in their work.

This is influenced by the following reasons:

• ovulation does not occur in the female body. The ovaries cannot produce progesterone, and its level drops. And estrogen, on the contrary, becomes more, because the ovaries could not produce eggs that can be fertilized every month. All this adversely affects the hormonal balance;
• improper diet and strict diets. The female body simply needs enough fiber, but not all foods contain it, if a woman is on a strict diet, this leads to symptoms of hormonal failure;
• genetic predisposition. If there is a congenital defect of the hormonal system of the body, then against the background of such factors it is very difficult to cure hormone failures, because this will require a thorough examination and complex treatment;
• overweight and obesity. Fat ladies have a lot of excess subcutaneous tissue, and this directly leads to the withering of the hormonal background;
• infectious diseases. These are constant acute respiratory infections and tonsillitis in childhood and more serious diseases - chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea and many others that are sexually transmitted;
• strong physical activity. If they are also combined with strict diets and malnutrition, then this leads to an increase in the intervals between menstruation and a hormonal imbalance;
• disruption of the endocrine system. These are diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and pancreas, which most directly affect hormonal failure in women;
• nervous breakdowns. Transferred stress or constant nervous tension also lead to such a state;
• abdominal or genital surgery. Of particular danger are artificial childbirth, during the operation there is a very strong failure of hormones and this can even serve as such a terrible diagnosis as infertility;
• a specific time period in a woman's life. The causes of hormonal failure can be such familiar periods in the life of any woman as sexual development, childbirth and pregnancy, as well as menopause. In certain cases, these conditions require adjustment or even serious treatment;
• female diseases. These include uterine fibroids, polycystic ovaries, breast cysts, and many others. Atherosclerosis, migraine and bronchial asthma can also affect the failure of hormones.

Signs and symptoms of hormonal disorders

It should be borne in mind that dysfunctions and many diseases caused by hormone failure are very difficult to treat. But if you know why a hormonal failure occurs, its signs and how you can deal with it, you can greatly facilitate such an unpleasant process. Symptoms of hormonal disorders can be very diverse.

Unstable and irregular menstruation

Periods become irregular, go for a very long time, or vice versa - they pass in a day or two. The nature of the discharge during menstruation also changes markedly - they are plentiful or very scarce. In some cases, menstruation does not happen at all for several months. This symptom is often present in girls with anorexia nervosa.

Malfunction of the central nervous system

A woman begins to get very nervous for no serious reason, depression and melancholy appear, her mood changes dramatically. Sometimes there are unjustified bouts of aggression and ladies often react painfully to those things that previously did not even deserve their attention. Premenstrual syndrome is aggravated, it is difficult and the woman is constantly nervous.

Rapid increase in body weight

Another sign of hormonal failure is unexpected weight gain and at the same time body weight cannot be corrected. Physical activity does not help to lose weight, and different diets do not help. Therefore, a woman recovers without obvious reasons, since it does not depend on nutrition and it is impossible to cope with such a phenomenon.

Decreased or no sex drive

Ladies become indifferent to sex, libido decreases or is completely absent. Sometimes there is even complete indifference to the partner, and there is no desire to enter into intimacy with him. His former caresses are annoying and do not bring effect. During sexual intercourse, the secretion of mucous secretion from the vagina is disturbed, and the sexual intercourse itself is sometimes painful and painful for a woman.

Deterioration of hair and nails

Some women notice that their hair has begun to fall out badly, the curls become dry, brittle and dull. With nails the same picture: they break, become grayish or yellowish and look ugly.

Rashes on the skin in different parts of the body

The main symptom of hormonal failure is considered to be a change in the skin on the chest, back and face. Acne often appears, the rash is not treated with anything. Sometimes thick black hairs begin to grow on the body, and this is very disturbing for a woman, because they look ugly.

Sleep disturbance and fatigue

Long-term insomnia may be present, a woman cannot fall asleep for a long time, and the dream itself becomes sensitive and disturbing. Increased fatigue was also noted, while strong mental and physical stress does not happen.

Reproductive disorders

This is the most difficult moment for any woman, because she cannot conceive and bear a baby. When hormones fail, there are miscarriages, fetal fading in the early stages of pregnancy and a long impossibility of fertilization.

When can a hormonal imbalance occur?

Symptoms of hormonal failure appear at different periods of life, both in women and men. Despite the differences in the structural features of the reproductive system, hormone failure causes almost similar symptoms in both sexes.

Disorders during puberty

In adolescence, for the first time, a girl is faced with changes in the background of hormones, because her body is being rebuilt from a child to a woman. The mammary glands begin to increase, the first menstruation comes and the like. And at this time, the hormonal system gives the first failure, this can serve as a delay in puberty or premature maturation.

It is worth noting that puberty may not be present.

If the girl's body lacks sex hormones, sexual development is delayed, and menstruation can begin at 16 or even later. This happens due to severe stress, various diseases or malnutrition.

Acne is the first sign of disorders, followed by headache, lack of sleep, irritability, irregular menstruation, and much more. If you notice that your daughter has become irritable, contact her doctor.

In many cases, it will be necessary to establish the correct daily routine for the girl and everything goes by itself. But in severe cases, hormonal drugs can be prescribed, which are taken clearly according to the instructions.

If puberty occurs earlier than normal and the girl is completely healthy, she does not need treatment.

In boys, hormones can also fail, early sexual development is associated with neoplasms of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. If there are pathologies of the adrenal cortex, then the failure of hormones is expressed in obesity and other signs of impaired metabolism. The fact that boys are delayed in sexual development is indicated by the fact that normal maturation is delayed by more than two years compared to the usual time.

The greatest likelihood of hormonal failure after childbirth or abortion

Hormonal problems after an abortion

If a hormonal failure occurs in a woman after an abortion, the symptoms of this pathology are not difficult to distinguish.

These include:

• weight gain;
• stretch marks appear on the skin;
• blood pressure and pulse are unstable, sweating is present;
• the woman becomes irritable, restless, complains of depression and headaches.

The earlier the abortion was done, the less risk for the woman, but the normal work of hormones is already confused during the surgical intervention itself. A month after the operation, the menstrual cycle should be restored, but if this does not happen, immediately go to the doctor. It may be that you need the appointment of hormonal drugs.

Problems after childbirth and recovery period

Not only during menopause, during pregnancy or at the time of puberty, hormones can fail. There are also hormonal imbalances after childbirth. Pregnancy and childbirth for every woman is considered a great stress for her body, after the birth of a baby, the body returns to its normal state, and reverse changes occur in all organs and systems, especially the endocrine system.

Do you want something interesting?

The hormonal balance must be restored in two to three months after the birth of the baby, but if this is not observed, then we are talking about a hormone failure. And if you feel that your pressure “jumps”, your head often hurts and feels dizzy, there is insomnia, irritability - do not leave it unattended. Signs of hormonal failure are also a decrease in libido, sweating and constant fatigue.

For an accurate diagnosis of hormonal failure after childbirth, you need to contact an endocrinologist. He will send you to take special tests for hormones and, based on the result, treatment is prescribed.

You should not let it take its course, because the consequences can be serious - there may be constant depression or problems with the production of breast milk.

The doctor will prescribe drugs that contain natural or artificial hormones. Mastodinone is often prescribed or recommended to take various nutritional supplements.

Climax and attenuation of reproductive function

Menopause is considered a special time period in the life of every woman, at which time the reproductive function fades. If, after 45 years, menstruation is not regular, but there is no severe bleeding and pain, this is considered a normal physiological phenomenon.

But most women at this age find it difficult to endure the onset of menopause. Symptoms of hormonal failure in women during the onset of menopause are various nervous disorders, disorders of the cardiovascular system. Migraines, jumps in blood pressure, depression, poor sleep, sweating attacks, especially at night, and much more are possible.

All these signs are associated with a lack of estrogen in the female body.

Provoking factors are smoking, physical inactivity, malnutrition and stress. With a pathological menopause, you must definitely consult a doctor, you may need to prescribe hormonal drugs.

Treatment should be prescribed by a specialist

Treatment of hormonal disorders with special drugs

If a hormonal failure is diagnosed, the treatment of this pathology begins with the identification of the cause that caused it. You will need to take a blood test for hormones, which will determine the condition of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland and ovaries. Based on the results of the tests, the doctor will prescribe therapeutic measures.

The following medications may be prescribed:

1. drugs containing artificial and natural hormones. These are Mastodinon, Klimaktoplan, Cyclodinon and others;
2. neuroleptics;
3. homeopathic preparations;
4. calcium preparations.

Treatment of hormonal failure for patients with increased body weight is prescribed only after normalization of weight. Much attention is paid to physical exercises, the correct regimen of the day. Useful herbal decoctions and infusions, fruits and vegetables. It is recommended to take vitamin and nutritional supplements. Hormonal imbalance during pregnancy is not treated, since the body after childbirth will bring hormones back to normal after its restructuring.

Now you know how and why hormonal failure occurs in women and in no case should such a situation be left unattended. Otherwise, irreversible consequences may appear in the form of complications from various organs, and this is very sad.

This material is for informational purposes only, before using the information provided, it is necessary to consult with a specialist.

All vital processes of the human body are interconnected with physiological changes in the level of hormones in the blood, which control its cycles of development and growth, reproduction and decay. For hormonal secretion in the body, the system of functional regulation of internal organs is responsible - the granular apparatus, represented by various endocrine glands of internal secretion.

They have a significant impact on the work of the central nervous system and exercise control and functional regulation of each vital organ. Hormonal failure is a process of hormonal dysfunction caused by pathologies in the neuroregulatory and endocrine systems.

The activity of the intrasecretory glands and the hormones they synthesize are in a state of harmonious equilibrium and balance in a healthy body. But such a state is very fragile.

Violation of the synthesis of just one type of hormones leads to a violation of the coordination in the work of all endocrine glands - an imbalance of hormones, manifested by various pathological changes in the body.

Signs and symptoms of a failure in the hormonal background are observed in women of different ages, various disorders lead to an imbalance of hormones:

• an increase in the synthesis of hormones, or its decrease;
• changes in the chemical structure of hormones, leading to impaired synthesis;
• violations in the system of transport of hormonal organic substances;
• simultaneous failure of synthesis in various glands of the endocrine system.

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Causes of hormonal imbalance in women

The factor of insufficient hormonal synthesis, which caused hormonal failure in women, can be various pathological processes in the form of:

1. Infectious and inflammatory processes in the endocrine glands;
2. Anatomical congenital anomalies due to their underdevelopment;
3. Surgical interventions, with injuries, or tumor processes in the secretory glands;
4. Hemorrhagic manifestations in their tissue structure;
5. Lack or violation of blood supply;
6. Deficiency in the diet of vitamin and mineral elements;
7. Immune failure.

Excess secretion of hormones is provoked by:

• uncontrolled use of drugs containing hormones;
• various injuries (mainly the abdomen and head);
• inflammatory pathologies.

Disrupt the balanced operation of the system of the granular apparatus can:

• stressful and hypodynamic states;
• chronic lack of sleep;
• addiction to bad habits;
• too early sexual life, or its complete absence.

In addition, there are reasons for changes in the hormonal background in women, due to physiological reasons. This is facilitated by the reorganization of the background during pregnancy.

In this period, the synthesis of new hormones begins to ensure normal gestation. At the beginning of pregnancy, the synthesis of female hormones increases, and at the beginning of the 2nd trimester it decreases, since the synthesis of estriol by the placenta begins.

Hormonal changes occur again after delivery. Pregnancy hormones stop being synthesized and they are replaced by the synthesis of the prolactin fraction, which stimulates the intensity of milk production. When a woman stops breastfeeding, there is a decrease and the body returns to the normal volume of synthesis of the main female hormones (progesterone and estrogen).

A sharp imbalance of hormones is also caused by medical abortions. Endocrine glands stop the synthesis of a number of hormones. In response to such stress, the body responds with increased secretion of adrenal and female sex hormones. During this period, the female body is very vulnerable.

Concomitant pathologies and adverse factors against the background of hormonal imbalance can provoke pathological disorders in the structure of the ovaries - their tissue growth (tecomatosis), tumor formations, or the development of processes.

signs of hormonal failure, photo

There are almost no specific, special symptoms of a malfunction in the balance of hormones in a woman's body, so the diagnosis of endocrine diseases is not an easy process - the signs of a hormonal failure are similar to the symptoms of many other diseases. Although there are several signs that suggest a hormonal failure still exists. They appear:

Increased appetite, but weight loss progresses. This indicates increased secretion processes in the thyroid gland. Pathology appears:

• irritability and nervousness;
• insomnia and hyperhidrosis;
• tremor of the fingers on the hands;
• cardiac arrhythmia;
• low, prolonged body temperature.

The lack of functional activity of the thyroid glands is characterized by signs:

• the development of simultaneous obesity throughout the body;
• weakness (asthenia) and a tendency to drowsiness;
• dry skin and mucous membranes, including the vagina;
• brittle hair and their thinning;
• chilliness and low temperature;
• hoarseness of voice.

In women of 30 years of age, hormonal failure often results from dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary system. What provokes the development of a selective process of obesity, when, with thin legs, the upper body is rapidly overgrown with fat. Wavy crimson stripes appear over the stretching of the skin of the thighs, abdomen and mammary glands.

The presence of such "metamorphoses" causes sharp jumps in blood pressure in women. As a result of excessive synthesis of somatotropin (growth hormone), the appearance changes - the jaw and tongue increase, the shape of the lips, cheekbones and superciliary arches changes.

The voice becomes hoarse, there is increased hair growth and joint pain. In the presence of tumor neoplasms in the pituitary gland, the symptoms of hormonal imbalance are marked by a deterioration in visual functions, accompanied by persistent migraines.

Failure of the endocrine gland of the digestive system (pancreas) leads to the development of diabetes, accompanied by pruritus, slowly healing wounds, furunculosis, constant thirst and polyuria (frequent urination).

Increased synthesis of androgens (testosterone) provokes hormonal failure in women with symptoms of a delayed menstrual cycle, heavy menstrual flow, intermenstrual hemorrhages, and disturbances in the duration of menstruation. At the same time, changes in appearance are manifested:

• excessive hair growth on the body and face of women;
• rough, greasy skin;
• regular rashes and the development of acne.

Signs of age-related hormonal failure in women are manifested by a mass of unpleasant symptoms during menopause. This is due to a sudden cessation of the hormonal synthesis of female hormones and an increase in hormones synthesized by the glands of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, thyroid and adrenal glands. The manifestation of symptoms depends on the genesis of various disorders.

With the vegetative-vascular nature of the disorders, the symptoms are expressed:

• hypertension and heart pain;
• bouts of tachycardia;
• hand tremor and hyperhidrosis;
• hot flushes to the head.

For emotional disorders:

• excessive nervousness, bouts of anger and anger;
• depressed mood and tearfulness;
• anxiety and depression.

insomnia is one of the signs of hormonal imbalance

Neurological signs:

• decreased attention and impaired mental productivity;
• drowsiness during the day and insomnia at night;
• frequent manifestation of migraines and signs of vertigo.

Functional disorders in metabolic processes, manifested by:

• osteoporosis - increased bone fragility;
• symptoms of hirsutism (hair in the form of a mustache and beard);
• slowing down hair growth in the armpit and groin area.

If symptoms and signs of hormonal failure occur in women, treatment depends on which hormone deficiency is found in the body - one or a group. The treatment protocol is due to two directions - the regulation of imbalance with oral contraceptives, or individual drugs.

In the first treatment option for hormonal dysfunctions, oral contraceptive preparations are used with a different number of hormonal combinations - low-dose and micro-dose forms. Sometimes, if long-term treatment is necessary, a mixed course of drugs is prescribed, but a short-term course of high-dose contraceptives is also possible.

• Among nazkodozirovannyh drugs preference is given to Femodena, Gestoden, Marvelon, Desogestrel, Cyproterone, Zhanin, Yarina, Drospirinone.
• In therapy with microdosed drugs, Mercilon, Desogestrel, Novinet, Loest and Gestodene are used.

Treatment of hormonal levels in women with hormone preparations begins with an individual selection of medicines. Which causes a certain difficulty, since the treatment course consists of several drugs and it is important to choose them in such a way as not to cause a violation of the secretion of those hormones that are present in the norm.

• With excess secretion of androgen, drugs "Dexamethasone", "Cyproterone" or "Metipred" are prescribed.
• To normalize the level of progesterone in the blood, "Urozhestan" and "Dufaston" are prescribed.
• Estrogen deficiency is corrected with the help of Premarin, Divigel or Proginova, and if it is in excess, Clomiphene or Tamoxifen is prescribed.

These are just minor examples of the treatment of this problem, a specific therapeutic regimen should be drawn up by a specialist doctor.

The prognosis of treatment depends on the timeliness of hormone therapy, which can prevent a lot of unpleasant pathologies: the development of malignant neoplasms leading to stroke and heart attack, eliminate a real threat

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The life of a modern woman is not always filled with bright colors, especially at a time when it comes to possible health problems that negatively affect both the emotional and physical state, and the functionality of the reproductive system. A woman's health depends on many factors, not least of which is hormonal balance. It is known that mood, sleep, sexual desire, the ability to conceive, give birth and bear a healthy child and other vital functions, without which the female body cannot function properly, depend on hormonal balance.

Hormones in a woman's body must be balanced, and any deviation in their quantity can lead to pathological symptoms and the development of hormonal imbalance. Initially, "hormonal imbalance" was attributed to the pathologies of the endocrine system, which were manifested by menstrual disorders. However, at the moment, these terms mean a number of disorders, against which a large number of diseases develop. According to medical indicators, about 80% of the female population suffers from endocrine disruptions and many of them are unaware of this, attributing their ailments to physical activity or other diseases. What is a hormonal failure in women, what are the symptoms, signs, what are the consequences of such disorders, how to treat and prevent the development of hormonal disorders? Let's try to figure it out!

What is a hormonal imbalance?

Hormonal imbalance is a disorder caused by a decrease or increase in the production of hormones, which leads to changes in the whole body. Unfortunately, hormonal disorders are not uncommon in our time, their abrupt or slow change can cause various disruptions in the female body, which will be reflected in the well-being, functionality of internal organs and systems. The main hormones of the female body are: progesterone, estrogen, testosterone and prolactin. These hormones are produced by the endocrine system, enter through the blood into the tissues of the internal organs, where they control their work. If a hormonal failure occurs in a woman’s body for one reason or another, this will be reflected not only in the health of the reproductive system, but also in appearance, well-being and the condition of internal organs.

Several decades ago, it was believed that hormonal failure in women - the symptoms and signs of which are the lot of ladies of "Balzac age", but at present, pathologies of the hormonal sphere have become much "younger" and are often found in very young girls.

Hormones and their effect on women's health

In order to get better acquainted with the term "hormonal failure", you need to know which female hormones are the most significant, what they are responsible for and how their amount can affect our health. It is important to note that disorders in the female body, as well as symptoms, occur depending on which of the 4 hormones fails.

Testosterone. Male sex hormone that is present in the female body. It is responsible for sexual desire, the function of sweat and sebaceous glands, and kidney function. Testosterone deficiency leads to women's frigidity, menstrual irregularities.

Its excess amount for women causes the development of the body according to the male type.

Progesterone. An important hormone of the reproductive system responsible for the conception and bearing of the fetus, the menstrual cycle, preparing the breast of the expectant mother for lactation. The lack of this hormone causes inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, heavy menstruation, and acne in women. It is difficult to conceive a child with a progesterone deficiency, but still, if this happens, there is a high risk of miscarriage.

If the amount of progesterone in a woman's body "rolls over", kidney failure, benign or malignant tumors may develop.

Prolactin. The female hormone responsible for the development of the mammary glands, the production of breast milk after the birth of a child, takes an active part in the water-salt metabolism.

The lack of this hormone leads to abnormal development of the mammary glands, lack of breast milk after the birth of a child, and menstrual irregularities.

Estrogen. Responsible for the formation and functionality of the mammary glands, uterus, menstrual cycle, the body's readiness for conception and gestation, and also prevents the development of atherosclerosis, takes part in the production of phosphorus and calcium.

Estrogen deficiency causes infertility, development of cervical erosion, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis. There is a high risk of developing a tumor of the mammary glands.

Based on the above, we can conclude that each of the hormones takes an active part in the functioning of the whole organism. Therefore, their balance is very important for every woman who wants to have healthy offspring and good health.

The main causes of hormonal imbalance in women

Hormonal failure in women is not always pathological. Very often, hormonal imbalance occurs at the physiological level. Such violations do not require medical intervention, as over time they return to normal on their own. Physiological hormonal imbalances include:

• Puberty.
• Pregnancy and childbirth.
• Menopause.
• Genetic predisposition - primary amenorrhea (complete absence of menstruation).

In cases where endocrine failure in women is not a physiological phenomenon, it is a pathology. The following disorders or diseases can become the cause of hormonal imbalance:

• Sexually transmitted infections
• Frequent viral or infectious diseases
• Thyroid diseases
• Abortion
• Nervous breakdowns

Hormonal imbalance can be caused by other reasons, which can be determined by the doctor after the results of the examinations.

Clinical signs of hormonal disorders

In order to determine the symptoms of hormonal failure in women, you need to know their signs, which can show up in the form of:

• Menstrual irregularities
• Difficulty in conceiving a child
• Increased irritability
• Sudden change of mood
• Weight gain
• Recurrent or regular headaches
• Chronic fatigue
• bad dream
• Decreased sex drive
• Hair loss
• excessive sweating
• Pronounced thinness

In addition to the above symptoms, women with hormonal failure are often diagnosed with gynecological diseases, such as cysts of various etiology and localization, fibroids, mastopathy and other diseases that do not allow a woman to lead a full life. With the manifestation of one or more signs of a hormonal failure, you do not need to self-diagnose. It is possible that such symptoms are present in other diseases and disorders.

Consequences of hormonal disorders

Hormonal imbalance causes disturbances in the work of the whole organism, therefore, if the cause is not recognized in time, there is a high risk of developing complications, such as:

• violation of sexual function;
• infertility;
• obesity;
• osteoporosis;
• hormone-dependent benign or malignant tumors;
• atherosclerosis with a high risk of stroke or heart attack;
• diabetes;
• gynecological diseases of various origins.

Considering that endocrine failure is fraught with its consequences, treatment should be carried out as soon as possible so as not to start the progression of any of the diseases that have developed against the background of hormonal imbalance.

How to treat hormonal imbalance?

Before treating hormonal failure in women, you need to determine their cause. To do this, the doctor prescribes a series of examinations:

1. General blood analysis.
2. Hormone analysis.
3. Ultrasound of internal organs.
4. Analysis for STDs.

The results of the examination will allow the doctor to draw up a complete picture of the disease, to determine which hormones need to be brought back to normal.

The treatment of hormonal failure is aimed at eliminating the very cause that led to the disruption of the hormonal background and restoring the stimulation of the production of the desired hormone. Basically, medical therapy consists of taking medications that will normalize hormones, you also need to adhere to the right lifestyle, diet, and follow all the doctor's recommendations. If treatment is not followed, hormonal imbalance may reappear. Taking medications can take a few days, or several months or years. It all depends on the situation and the characteristics of the female body.

Folk remedies to restore hormonal balance

As an additional therapy to the main treatment, a woman can use traditional medicine, which over the centuries of its existence has collected many recipes and methods to restore hormonal balance.

Consider a few recipes:

Oregano with hormonal failure. Promotes the production of hormones, prevents the development of hormonal disorders. To prepare an infusion of oregano you will need: 2 tbsp. l. oregano herbs, pour 0.5 l. boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain and take 100 mils 2 times a day.

Hop infusion. 1 st. l. hops pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. Insist in a thermos, take 50 mil 3 times a day. With the help of this infusion, you can not only prevent the development of hormonal disorders, but also increase the size of the mammary glands.

Flax seeds are a natural source of estrogen. For cooking, you need 1 tbsp. flax seeds + 0.5 l. kefir, natural yogurt or curdled milk. Take half a glass 2-3 times a day.

Sage from hormonal failure. Allows you to stimulate the production of estrogen. For cooking, you need to brew sage in a thermos, take from 6 to 15 days of the menstrual cycle.

It is important to note that, despite the safety of traditional medicine, before using any of the recipes, you need to consult a doctor. Some herbs can cause bleeding, which can be dangerous for a woman's health.

Prevention of hormonal imbalance

In order to prevent the development of hormonal imbalance, a woman needs to monitor her health, regularly take tests for hormones, undergo examinations by a gynecologist once every six months, give up bad habits, and also eliminate all factors that can lead to hormonal disorders.

The hormonal background for a woman is a very important element in her health, because it is the hormonal background that affects such indicators as weight, height, skeletal structure, skin structure and even hair color.

Hormones and hormonal background

Hormones are produced in a woman's body in many organs, and each hormone is responsible for a particular function of the female body. Hormones are produced:

• thyroid and parathyroid glands;
• adrenal glands;
• ovaries;
• pancreas;
• hypothalamus;
• pituitary;
• thymus;
• etc.

After hormones have been secreted by the glands, they are carried with the blood to various organs and have an effect on them, which affects the further functioning of the whole organism as a whole.

It is the imbalance of hormones in the female body that most often leads to a number of gynecological diseases and pathological conditions. In addition, with a hormonal failure, emotional and physical well-being changes.

Normally, in the body of a woman, both female and male hormones must simultaneously function, which must be in a balanced state. But with an imbalance of sex hormones, violations begin to occur.

Causes of hormonal disorders

First of all, hormonal disorders can be hereditary and genetically determined. In this case, the treatment will be long and difficult.

Stress and experiences. The central nervous system affects the proper functioning of the endocrine system, which is responsible for the production of hormones. Therefore, when the nervous system is overloaded with a lot of stress and tension, the risk of hormonal disorders greatly increases. In this case, the reproductive function suffers first - the process of maturation of the follicles is disrupted.

For the correct development of the hormonal system of a woman, any surgical operations in the genital area and peritoneum are dangerous. Therefore, the most common cause of hormonal diseases of the genital area, which lead to infertility, are abortions associated with curettage of the uterus.

Manifestation of hormonal disorders

• Hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction (obesity, cycle disorder, infertility);
• Sclerocystosis of the ovaries (the production of sex hormones is disturbed);
• Hyperandrogenism (an increase in the level of male sex hormones - a disease of the adrenal glands or ovaries);
• Hyperprolactinemia (mastopathy, pathological lactation, anovulatory infertility, hypoplasia of the internal genital organs).

Now let's take a closer look at the main hormonal disorders in women and their manifestations.

Menstrual irregularities

If a woman has hormonal disorders, then the presence of menstrual irregularities may also indicate this. This may manifest as a lack of menstruation, or a violation of the discharge - very scanty, excessively profuse, painful or short-lived.

To determine the presence of menstrual irregularities, its duration, regularity and general well-being of a woman should be taken into account. The normal cycle is from 21 to 35 days, the menstruation itself ranges from 2 to 7 days. The regularity of both the cycle and the duration of menstruation is very important. If there are fluctuations, then this indicates the presence of health problems, which can also manifest themselves in a violation of the hormonal background.

Also, hormonal disorders can be indicated by painful menstruation and accompanying symptoms in the form of a sharp increase or decrease in blood pressure, dizziness, bloating, swelling, loss of strength, and general malaise.

Weight and skin

Hormonal disorders in women very often manifest themselves outwardly. First of all, you should pay attention to your weight. Problems with weight are not only in the direction of increase, but also with a sharp loss of weight. After all, both excess adipose tissue and a lack of body weight reduce ovarian function. Hormonal disorders can appear on the skin in the form of acne, increased greasiness. This may indicate an excess of male sex hormones in ovarian dysfunction. This is also indicated by excessive hairiness. Stretch marks on the skin are also a sign of hormonal disorders in women who have not given birth.

Pregnancy

Very often, it is hormonal disorders that are the reason why a woman cannot become pregnant. This occurs when the body does not produce enough of the hormone progesterone, which supports pregnancy. It is precisely because of the lack of this hormone that a woman either cannot become pregnant. Usually, it is precisely because of its lack that a woman either cannot become pregnant at all, or the fertilized cell cannot stay in the uterus. Moreover, with a lack of progesterone, as a rule, the menstrual cycle does not change, so this hormonal disorder does not outwardly manifest itself.

Milk glands

You can determine hormonal problems by the condition of the breast. With a normal level of hormones, the breast should be normally developed, and not have any seals, there should not be any discharge from the nipples. In this case, the breasts may swell before and during menstruation, be sensitive, but not hurt. Excessive engorgement and soreness are the first signs of a lack of the hormone progesterone.

climacteric syndrome

Hormonal disorders can also occur during menopause. At a time when changes occur in a woman's body - the maturation of follicles and the process of ovulation stop - the production of hormones by the body occurs even after the cessation of menstruation.

If a woman does not have hormonal disorders, then the period of menopause, as a rule, occurs calmly, without complications. However, in the case of hormonal disorders, a climacteric syndrome is observed, which manifests itself in hot flashes, insomnia, irritability, depression, and increased blood pressure.

Treatment of hormonal disorders

For the treatment of hormonal disorders, a woman, first of all, needs to visit a gynecologist and an endocrinologist. Next, an examination will be scheduled to help identify hormone imbalances.

The treatment of most hormonal disorders in women is hormone therapy, which effectively eliminates the symptoms of the disease, helps restore the menstrual cycle and prevent relapses. But not always hormone therapy can be effective in the treatment of hormonal abnormalities, then the treatment will consist in surgical intervention (curettage of the uterus, laparoscopy), and only then hormonal drugs are prescribed to consolidate the results.

In the treatment of hormonal disorders, prevention is important. Therefore, it is so important for every woman to monitor her health, pay attention to the menstrual cycle, and with a delay of more than 35 days or the onset of menstruation in less than 21 days, with too much blood loss during menstruation or the appearance of intermenstrual bleeding, you should immediately contact a gynecologist - endocrinologist for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

It is necessary to undergo preventive examinations by a gynecologist at least twice a year. This will help in time to identify possible problems at an early stage and to carry out treatment.