Help for those in difficult times. Social support for families in difficult situations

Life is unpredictable. Yesterday everything could have been fine, but today a situation has occurred that has radically changed the perception of the world around us. The problem is that the main troubles are related to the lack of funds, which forces us to look for solutions to problems. One of the rescue options financial assistance to people in difficult situations . If you think that you are left alone with the problem, you are mistaken.

Special funds

Today, there are many funds that provide gratuitous financial assistance to ordinary people. One of the options is the Mercy organization, whose volunteers receive calls around the clock, advise and are ready to provide the necessary support. Here, assistance is provided to people who find themselves in a difficult financial situation - pensioners, large families, the disabled and other citizens who are not able to solve the problem on their own. Monthly, up to 130-150 thousand rubles are spent on the wards of the fund.

In addition to the organization considered, there are a number of other funds that provide assistance to people in difficult financial situations - Zhivoi, Nadezhda, Rusfnd, AdVita, Zhivi and many others. Most often they are focused on raising funds necessary for the treatment of seriously ill children and adults.

Many people think that they can count on financial assistance from Putin. Letters to the President often come across on the Web, and some even send their appeals to the administration of the Head of State. Naturally, such "documents" are unlikely to be considered by anyone. It is easier to seek support from funds or use an alternative option, which will be discussed below.

Money is tight? - It can be solved

One of the best specialists in the issue of obtaining financial assistance from people is the site “Not enough money?”. The following paths are available here:

Making a microloan on favorable terms. At your disposal are only selected options with the best interest rates (section "Loans in MFIs").
Financial assistance to people in debt. Often there are situations when a person has issued a loan, but it was not possible to cope with it on their own. Take advantage of the opportunities of our partners - follow the link "Help with delays".

To get real financial assistance, which is provided to ordinary people from investors, follow the link "Ask for money" and tell your site readers about your situation. With a high probability, you will find people who can deal with financial difficulties.

As can be seen from the above, there are plenty of options for eliminating money problems. It remains only to choose one of the above methods and act. Remember that this is your chance to solve the problem quickly and comfortably.

How can people get financial help in a difficult situation?: 101 comments

Comment navigation

I am a single woman, I live alone. Due to the crisis, my income almost halved, so this year it has become very difficult to pay for loans. I have 3 loans + mortgage. I applied to banks to refinance loans, but for some reason they refuse me, and my story is good, it seems to me that they do this on purpose to take away my apartment. For a month now, I have not been able to pay for a single loan, I began to sleep badly, eat. Due to the nervous situation, all sorts of sores came out, so the money is still spent on medicines, and they are expensive. I would be very, very grateful if someone could help me, at least get rid of consumer loans in the amount of 300,000 rubles. Thank you for your attention. GPB 4874 1565 2136 0193.

A hopeless situation, there is no money even to pay for a kindergarten ... fell into a debt hole 89511452690

Anyuta is writing to you from the Kushchevsky district, you are the only person who can help. So I tearfully ask you for help, skills, this is the situation. I am denied benefits, I believe in you and your help, I tearfully ask and beg for help

Hello. My name is Murshida. I am 56 years old. Please help. there is no housing. children do not need it. I receive a minimum wage pension. even enough for food. the loan is unpaid. my phone number is 89824897198 wallet number is 410015205765113

Hello. Please help I need money urgently 100000. Unemployed. left without a job. You have to pay utilities and loans. ended up in debt. Children need money for food and clothes. Sincerely. waiting for your response. the number is linked to the card 89822408234. wallet number 410018837132994

Hello. My name is Aigul. I want financial help. help me please. fell into debt. loans. collectors were tired of calling. utilities are on the rise. unemployed. left without a job. By the end of the month, we need urgently 100,000 money. my number is linked to the card 89822408234 . wallet number 410018837132994 respectfully waiting for an answer.

Please help me!!! I got into a very difficult situation and I do not lie and do not deceive. It's related to MFO!!! I’m not going to invent and write something left, I need the amount of 180000k. Who can transfer at least how much to the card (it is nominal 5469100012013398) I will return everything later to the penny who transferred how much !!! Enter into a position I ask you very much any money will help me
Hello. I got into a very unpleasant debt hole because of my gullibility and desire to help. So much so that I had to turn to microloans, in the end I was able to pay half, and at that time more interest came up. I no longer have the strength to even work normally due to constant tension and nerves from the collectors. I’m bored with at least 30,000 rubles so that I can work at least a little plus. I swear that to everyone who helps, I will repay doubly. Please help me get out of this swamp. Here is my Sberbank card 4276 3500 1697 5177

I don’t know how to ask for help, but unfortunately my daughter and I simply disappear, she is visually impaired and cannot work, after my production burned down, I changed several jobs, unfortunately they didn’t pay me there, as it often happens now, I climbed into loans, nothing to pay, nothing to eat, the phone is turned off, electricity and gas too, I can lose my apartment, I’m now at a new job, but they pay in pieces there, I haven’t seen a penny for a month. It’s scary to die of hunger, but it’s even scarier to watch my child die, if anyone has the opportunity, help, at least for food, so that I can get back on my feet again. My daughter's card number is 4276 5500 5328 8638, my phone number is 89602724710. Help, if possible!

Hello, I'm in a terrible situation with no one to help [email protected] help anyone who can

Hello, I need help, I don't know what to do next. Same story as many other people. I'm very embarrassed. I can't get myself out of debt. Lenders and collectors pressure, threaten, and even somewhere they took the phone number of their daughter (10 years old) and call her. Can someone help with advice [email protected] I'm not lying, I can provide documents 4276300028010646

Kind people help me as much as anyone can. Never in my life have I thought a hundred times I will ask for money. There was a situation that I took a microloan, paid everything well, now I burned my hand of the 3rd degree, I can’t do anything, but I need to pay a loan, help people kind, call, they threaten, the children are afraid of what to do, I don’t know, the only hope is for you. tel. 0638544452 card number 5168742230036380

Good afternoon! I don’t know if people who can really help these appeals read, but I’ll try, I’m 34 years old, I live in Poltava, I have a small child, I took a loan at a bad time to close it, I accumulated debts from relatives and colleagues, there’s nothing to please the new year child, if possible, lend 10,000 UAH to distribute debts, I can return in small parts. Perhaps your suggestions 0504222197 Vitaly, [email protected], card number 5168 7422 0188 1418 PrivatBank

Good afternoon, Poltava, my name is Vitaly, 34 years old, I have a 2.5-year-old daughter and a wife, at the moment, my wife and daughter are sick, fever, cough, I need medicine and care! I am writing here in the hope of help, a year ago I took a loan from a bank, invested money in cryptocurrency, naturally, two months later the site was closed, the money disappeared, I had to pay the loan myself, but there was not enough money, because I worked alone, my wife was on maternity leave, at the moment accumulated debts at work for 7,000 UAH, and the bank owes 10,000 UAH, taking into account closing the loan at 50% write-off of fines and penalties, before the new year. If someone can help at least for 10 hryvnia, please, if possible, I will. I will return. Viber +380504222197 Anastasiev Vitaly, [email protected], card number 5168 7422 0188 1418 PrivatBank
Good evening! I think those who help is rare. I myself got into a difficult life situation and I think that a miracle should happen for people to help)))) [email protected]

Hello, my name is Anastasia. I got into a terrible situation. She helped her husband on her head, took 2 loans in her name but for him when they were still married. Now he has left and is not paying his loans, and I am sitting with my little daughter and cannot go to work right now. I ask if anyone can help me borrow 20,000 to pay off the loan, since the court will only be on them in January, and there is already a debt. I've put everything up for sale. I ask for help, I will gradually return everything, we can even assure you from the naiarius. But you need to replenish your credit account today. Please help me. My mail for contact: [email protected]
Map: 4817760171663697
Yandex wallet 410016481185190

Good evening everyone, I ask everyone who can help raise the amount for the operation, if someone read it and can help. Write to vatsap 89381027909 and I will explain all our problem. I hope that at least someone will respond.

Help people. I got into a debt hole and I can't get out. I can lose the only housing that I have is a room in a communal apartment. I need 150000 rub. If there is an opportunity to help, then transfer money to Yandex card 5599005007435196

Hello, I am writing here this is the last hope, Now there are a lot of scammers, with the help of them I got into a debt hole and I can’t get out, if you can help, then write to the mail [email protected]
There, for EVERYONE who wants to help, I will provide evidence of the reality of my story, despite what happened to me, I still believe in kind people, thanks in advance

Good afternoon! My name is Vitaly, help as much as you can, I got microloans and now they are choking me and my family with interest. He took microloans to develop his own business, but did not manage to quickly unwind due to the fall in the sales market. Now, at least in the loop, I have a daughter, I have a job, but there is a catastrophic lack of money to close all loans, I need $ 3,000, for some this amount is not large, but for me it is not lifting yet. If there is a God and real kind people in this world, then help. My card number 5168742204675734 is ready to give with interest on your terms.

Voronezh regional charity

public organization "RASSVET"

OGRN TIN// tel.+

*****@***RU WWW. *****

"Crisis center for people in difficult life situations"

The Russian homeless is not just a person without a home. Almost all social and medical assistance provided by the state in Russia is associated with the presence of a person's registration at the place of residence ("propiska"). If for any reason (family circumstances, fraud in a housing transaction, inability to restore lost documents, etc.) a person is deprived of registration, he is actually excluded from society: he cannot get a legal job, free medical care, go to court, register marriage, educate children... Obtaining registration in the event of its loss often turns out to be problematic due to the practical impossibility for the majority of the population to acquire housing in property, on the one hand, and the poorly developed legal rental housing market, on the other.

Homelessness in Russia is a state (social status) of a person associated with his lack of rights to a specific residential area that he could use for living or staying, and in which he could register at the place of residence or at the place of stay.

The problem of homelessness is not only the broken lives of millions of people, but also a problem that has a negative impact on the development of the state as a whole. We are talking about about three percent of the population of Russia, and about people, a significant part of whom are of working age. Unable to legally find a job and, accordingly, pay taxes, they inevitably find themselves included in the sphere of the shadow economy. Not being able to start a family, they do nothing to improve the demographic situation. Exclusion from the schemes of prevention and provision of medical care at an early stage of disease results in an increase in the financial burden on the state system of social protection and health care. Tying the whole complex of medical and social guarantees to the place of registration creates problems not only for people who do not have registration, but also for those who have registration in another region. Such a system significantly reduces the mobility of labor resources, does not allow, without losing social guarantees, to move from regions where there is a problem with jobs to those where the need for labor is acutely felt. Thus, serious obstacles are created for the development of the country's economy and solving the problems of crisis regions.

Reasons for homelessness

The main primary reasons include family circumstances, the consequences of fraud (including in housing transactions), deprivation of housing or documents in connection with serving a sentence in places of deprivation of liberty, eviction, sale of housing. Survey results show that personal choice is an extremely rare cause of homelessness. Often cited in connection with homelessness, the problems of alcohol and drug addiction are undoubtedly an important component of the problem, but it can be difficult to determine to what extent these addictions were the cause of homelessness, and to what extent they were a consequence of the need to survive in conditions of life on the street.

Secondary reasons include, first of all, the lack of mechanisms enabling people who have lost their registration to remain in the legal field - to have legal access to basic social and medical services, legal employment, etc., as well as the lack of comprehensive programs for the resocialization of those who already has street life experience.

Suggested Approaches to Addressing the Problem of Homelessness

The problem of homelessness has two main aspects that must be kept in mind when developing social support measures and programs for the resocialization of the homeless.

1. Social- lack of housing and a set of problems associated with this - the lack of minimum conditions for maintaining their life, health and sanitary conditions (the ability to wash and wash clothes, use bedding, a toilet, access to hot food and drinking water, etc.). d.). Prolonged exposure to such conditions leads to the loss of social skills: labor skills, skills in caring for clothes, caring for the body, skills in maintaining one's appearance, cooking, etc.

2. Legal- lack of registration and the possibility of obtaining it (due to the lack of the right to housing) and a number of problems associated with this - a significant defeat in civil rights (limitation of access to employment, to medical and social services, restrictions in many areas of life associated with the lack of registration and often passports).

Solving homelessness

Addressing homelessness involves working on three fronts :

1) homelessness prevention- activities aimed at reducing the number of new homeless (working with the reasons why people become homeless: fraud in real estate transactions, failure to provide housing for graduates of orphanages, separation from family and the inability to live together, loss of social ties and housing while in the field imprisonment, etc.);

2) prevention of "street" homelessness- social and legal measures aimed at solving the problems associated with the lack of registration, helping to ensure that the hidden form of homelessness does not turn into a “street” one:

Creation of mechanisms for people without registration to access at least basic social and medical services and opportunities to improve their life situation (providing medical assistance in the amount of mandatory medical insurance, assistance in obtaining pensions and benefits, employment, etc.);

Providing support for people who are temporarily in a difficult life situation (psychological and legal assistance, providing opportunities for temporary residence, social support for those released from places of deprivation of liberty, etc.);

3) social support and measures for the resocialization of people who are forced to live outside their living quarters- improving access to hot meals, drinking water, sanitary and hygienic services (washing, laundry), places to sleep (night stays, heating points in cold weather), development of rehabilitation programs and psychological support programs for the homeless.

Project Description

"Crisis center for people in difficult life situations"

Project Goals

Strengthen civil society and local authorities and increase their cooperation and participation in the decision-making process in order to ensure and promote the possibility of exercising the rights of the homeless and other socially marginalized groups in the Russian Federation.

Improving the quality of life of homeless people who are forced to live in the conditions of the “street” by providing them with assistance in the form of free hot meals, first medical aid, provision of sanitary and hygienic services (showers) and places to sleep.

Attracting young people to volunteer social activities.

3. Department of Health of the Voronezh Region

List of services of the Crisis Center

Crisis center - an institution designed for temporary stay of people who find themselves in a difficult life situation, during which they are assisted in restoring documents, obtaining medical assistance, finding a job, for the disabled - assistance in registering disability, admission to boarding schools.

Medical examination and first aid

Sanitary treatment (treatment of the body with disinfectant solutions for pediculosis)

Individual lockers in which shelter residents can store their personal belongings, outerwear,

Nightstands in the living room,

Washing and drying machines,

beds,

Bed linen, underwear,

Cleaning tools and supplies,

Fuels and lubricants for the car

3. Funds for the maintenance of the shelter building and the surrounding area:

4. Food and disposable tableware.

5. Ford Transit car, Sable

Materials used in the preparation of the project

Project "Strengthening civil society and local authorities in the European part of the Russian Federation" - The problem of homelessness and ways to solve it

Order of the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation No. 10 of 01.01.2001

Marina Perminova "Why do we need a Day Center for the Homeless"

Materials of the institution of the ONP "Bomzh"

Materials of RBOO "Nochlezhka"

You will need

- a copy of any document proving your identity;
- indicate the composition of the family at the moment (reference);
- a document confirming the right to receive financial assistance;
- Documents / certificates of income of each of the family members;
- a certificate from the employment service, since for disabled citizens, it is necessary to officially have the status of an unemployed person;
- Documents on housing conditions (certificate of inspection/survey).

Instruction

Contact the Social Security Office where you live, as this is where you can get help. Financial support is provided to persons who find themselves in a definitely difficult life situation. It can be both in cash and in the form of essentials. As a rule, you can only apply for financial assistance once a year.

In the form of allocation of funds, assistance is provided in the following situations:

Fires, when housing and property was destroyed or damaged;
- spouses, children, as well as parents whose relatives-military personnel died;
- Disabled citizens released from the place of deprivation of liberty;
- poor and lonely people, as well as disabled citizens from low-income families;
- during the funeral. Those who did not work, while not being a pensioner, or at the birth of a deceased child.

In-kind financial assistance (primary necessities, including vehicles for special purposes):

Residents who are in a difficult life situation;
- people with disabilities and those who care for them;

Assistance in the form of allocation of funds is provided by the "Department of Social Protection", and in the form of in-kind (primary necessities) - by regional state institutions, as well as unitary enterprises.

In a social institution, write an application, specify in detail the family members, your and their income and property. Specify whether the family or any of the relatives and relatives have benefits, or whether you receive social assistance.

Before contacting the Department of Social Protection, prepare all available documents that officials may request. Usually, in any situation, documents on the composition of the family and a certificate from the place of residence are required. A complete list of required documents can be suggested by social service employees, although not in every department.

Wait for the decision on the allocation of financial assistance, it must be made no later than 10 days after the application is made and all the necessary documents are submitted.

The payment of one-time financial assistance may not be provided if the citizen belongs to the privileged category, and also if this year the lump-sum payment has already been made.

note

If the situation is extreme or force majeure, it will be necessary to provide evidence of the incident, since this is precisely what can give a chance to receive material assistance from the state.

Helpful advice

Before you run to the "Department of Social Protection of the Population", find the phone number and find out the opening hours, otherwise you can lose such precious hours on the road.

There are non-state funds to support various groups of citizens, look for them in your area - in such funds, support can often be more substantial.

There are situations in life when one cannot cope without outside help. For people who have recovered in a difficult financial situation, especially those who belong to the socially unprotected strata of society (young mothers with children, pensioners, the disabled), the state provides support. It should be taken into account that financial assistance, as a rule, is allocated one-time or annually (not more often) and on average amounts to one or two minimum wages established in the territory of the Russian Federation.

Instruction

Contact your local Social Security Office. For material you will need to provide justification. Namely: a certificate of wages of all members of your family, a certificate of family composition from the Housing Office, documents confirming your plight, for example, a medical report and a list of necessary medicines. You also need to bring a copy of the pages of your passport with a photo and registration and a copy of your savings book to social security - material assistance will be transferred to it.

In some organizations and enterprises, material assistance is provided to employees who find themselves in a difficult life situation. In order to, you will need to write a statement addressed to the director describing your problem, and attach documentary evidence to it in the form of, certificates from the police or fire department, and so on.

Find out at the local branch of the Pension Russia if you are entitled to one-time targeted social assistance. As a rule, such assistance is allocated annually to the unemployed, in whose families the average is below the subsistence level. If you meet all the requirements, prepare a list of documents confirming your difficult life situation.

Sources:

http://mszn.mosreg.ru/proekts_norm_acts/410.html

Advice 3: How to submit documents to the social security authorities in electronic form

The electronic form of documents is increasingly entering our lives. Now you can make an appointment with a doctor at a regular clinic via the Internet, apply to the registry office or the court without leaving your computer. Electronic services are also active in the field of social protection.

You will need

a computer
access to the Internet
notary for power of attorney

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Hosted at http://www.allbest.ru/

Course work

Types of help for a person in a difficult life situation

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I. The concept of a difficult life situation in accordance with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation. Social Security and Social Assistance

1.1 The concept of a difficult life situation

1.2 Fundamentals of social rehabilitation

1.3 Types of social rehabilitation

1.4 Legal regulation of social assistance

CHAPTER II. The specifics of social assistance to a person in a difficult life situation

2.1 Provision of social assistance to children, adolescents and youth

2.2 Problems of middle and mature age (on the example of social work with women)

2.3 Social protection of the elderly and disabled

CONCLUSION

LIST OF USED LITERATURE

INTRODUCTION

The current socio-economic, moral, psychological and spiritual situation in Russia is extremely contradictory and multifaceted. Changes in Russian society in the last decades of the XX-XI centuries. had the following consequences: the emergence of a new, highly contradictory structure of society, where some are exorbitantly elevated, while others are at the very bottom of the social ladder. First of all, we are talking about the emergence of such socially vulnerable categories of the population as the unemployed, refugees, internally displaced persons, as well as those categories of citizens who at the present stage do not find adequate support from the state and society, and these are the disabled, pensioners, children, teenagers. In the country as a whole, the number of people in need of protection, marginalized people, alcoholics, drug addicts, homeless people, etc. is constantly growing.

In turn, the problems of social services became aggravated, since with the beginning of economic transformations, a person with his problems was left to the mercy of the market elements. This process coincided with the professionalization of social work in Russia, which has become a phenomenon of a civilized society. Often, the bodies and institutions of social services are the only structures, the appeal to which leaves a person with hope for support and assistance in resolving his life problems.

Large-scale structural changes in the economy caused by new economic realities and technologies, individualization of lifestyle and pluralization of values make social work in the life of modern society a stabilizing factor that contributes to maintaining social balance and improving welfare.

All these circumstances led to the fact that the study of the formation and functioning of the system of social work with the population in the Russian Federation, which does not yet have a clear, effective model, is becoming more and more relevant every year.

Today, a whole network of institutions has already been created that provide social services to families and children, the unemployed, and the disabled, but their work is often not carried out actively enough. The activities of specialists are organized as a response to customer requests, which are still predominantly material in nature. With the existing "reactive" position of social protection services, the number of poor, asocial families, alcoholics is not only decreasing, but even growing. Endlessly receiving material subsidies from the state, individual members of society by no means activate their own capabilities.

That's why goal of our research is to build a model of social work with a person who finds himself in a difficult life situation.

An object of our research - social work with a person in a difficult life situation.

Thing - a model of social work with a person in a difficult life situation.

In accordance with the problem, subject, object and purpose of the study, the following tasks:

To study the theoretical and methodological foundations of social work with the population;

To study the experience of social work with people who find themselves in a difficult life situation;

To build a model of social work with a person who finds himself in a difficult life situation.

The set goals and objectives are achieved using research methods such as

content analysis

study of legal acts

Analysis of the literature on the research topic

· description.

Since the 1990s, one of the most significant trends in social policy has been the creation of a new model of social services for people in difficult life situations, as well as the widespread use of modern technologies and methods in working with the population.

social work person life situation

CHAPTER 1. BASICS OF SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

1.1 The concept of a difficult life situation

In accordance with Article 3 of the Federal Law of 1995, a difficult life situation is understood as a situation that objectively
disrupting the life of a citizen (disability, inability to self-service due to old age, illness, orphanhood,
neglect, poverty, unemployment, lack of a fixed place of residence, conflicts and abuse in the family, loneliness, etc.), which he cannot overcome on his own (Article 3 of the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. In Russian federation").

Thus, based on the definition of a difficult life situation given by federal law, the list of situations that can be classified as a difficult life situation is open. Therefore, based on the logic of Art. 3 any situation that objectively disrupts the life of a citizen, which he cannot overcome on his own, gives him the right to receive appropriate measures of social support guaranteed by the state. Thus, the list of categories of citizens receiving appropriate measures of social support is very extensive and mobile in its composition.

In accordance with paragraph 24 of Art. 26.3 of the Federal Law of October 6, 1999 No. 184-FZ “On the General Principles of Organization of Legislative (Representative) and Executive Bodies of State Power of the Subjects of the Russian Federation”, the provision of social support and social services to citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation is classified as joint jurisdiction the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, carried out at the expense of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

1.2 Fundamentals of social rehabilitation

Every modern state puts the principle of humanism as a priority. The Russian Federation is a social state whose policy is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a decent life and free development of a person. This is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in Article 7. Any society is heterogeneous and is divided into different groups and communities. The social policy of the state is aimed at uniting, stabilizing and harmonizing the interests and relations between various social groups. The practical implementation of the social policy of the state consists of social security and social services. Social security is allowances, subsidies, benefits, etc., which are paid to citizens.

social service- is the provision by social services of various services and assistance to poorly protected segments of the population and to any person who finds himself in a difficult life situation (a situation that objectively disrupts life: disability, illness, orphanhood, low income, unemployment, loneliness, etc., which a person cannot overcome on their own).

To perform these functions, social service centers have been created for the population:

Comprehensive social service centers

Territorial centers of social assistance to families and children

Social service centers

Social rehabilitation centers for minors

Centers for helping children left without parental care

Social shelters for children and adolescents

Centers of psychological and pedagogical assistance to the population

telephone emergency psychological help centers

night stay houses

· Social homes for single elderly

Stationary institutions of social service

Gerontological centers

Other institutions providing social services to the population

In the implementation of social rehabilitation, a large role belongs to the medical staff, which controls the systematic implementation of rehabilitation measures by a person. Social rehabilitation on an outpatient basis allows the patient to return to his previous job or creates conditions for rational employment, and also contributes to the formation of useful interests in patients, the appropriate use of free time.

1.3 Types of social rehabilitation

The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees everyone social security in old age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, for the upbringing of children and in other cases established by law.

As an economic category, social security is a system of distributive relations, in the course of which, at the expense of a part of the national income created by able-bodied citizens and then redistributed through the budget system and extra-budgetary funds, public funds of funds are formed and used to provide material support and service to disabled and elderly citizens. , as well as to provide material assistance to certain groups of the population (single mothers, families who have lost their breadwinner), large families, etc.).

The main types of social security expenditures are payments of cash pensions and benefits.

Pensions are periodic payments of certain amounts of money for the material provision of citizens in connection with old age, disability, length of service and in connection with the death of the breadwinner. Main types of pensions:

by old age

by disability

for years of service

on the occasion of the loss of a breadwinner

The main types of benefits:

due to temporary disability

· Pregnancy and childbirth

At the birth of a child

for children of conscripts

· Unemployment

ritual.

Along with this, there are other forms of security:

vocational training

retraining of the unemployed

retraining and employment of the disabled

free maintenance of the disabled in nursing homes for the elderly and disabled

prosthetics and supply of disabled people with motor and bicycle strollers, cars

organization of many types of home care, etc.

An important feature of social security are the principles of its construction.

1. Universality - the distribution of social security in the event of disability due to age or due to disability to all workers, without any exceptions and regardless of gender, age, nationality, race, nature and place of work, forms of its payment. All disabled family members of the deceased breadwinner are subject to social security: minor children, brothers, sisters, grandchildren, elderly or disabled wives (husbands), father, grandfather, grandmother and some others.

2. General availability - the conditions that determine the right to a particular pension are available to everyone.

Thus, the right to an old-age pension for men arises at the age of 60, and for women at the age of 55. And for those employed in heavy types of labor, the retirement age for men has been lowered to 50-55 years, and for women to 45-50 years. The length of service required to receive this pension is set at 25 years for men, and 20 years for women, and even lower for those employed in hard work.

3. Establishing the dependence of the size and forms of support on past work: length of service, working conditions, wages and other factors. This principle is reflected indirectly through wages.

4. A wide variety of provided types of support and services. These are pensions and benefits, employment, various measures to improve health, prevent and reduce morbidity, placement in homes - boarding schools for the disabled and the elderly, etc.

5. The democratic nature of organization and management is manifested in the solution of all issues of social security. The role of trade unions is especially great in this. Their representatives participate in the work of commissions for the appointment of pensions, they are directly involved, together with the administration, in the preparation of documents for retiring employees.

Social security contributes to the constant renewal of personnel, the growth of labor productivity. Survivor's pensions provide children with the opportunity to learn and acquire the necessary profession.

Pension legislation, creating benefits for citizens working in more difficult working conditions, helps to retain personnel in the leading sectors of the national economy.

The state social policy can be carried out by funds mobilized to the budget and extra-budgetary funds.

Funds from state targeted non-budgetary funds created in accordance with the Law of the RSFSR "On the Fundamentals of the Budget Structure and Budget Process in the RSFSR" are a financial guarantee of the constitutional rights of Russian citizens to social protection in the event of old age, illness, unfavorable social and economic status of certain groups of the population.

In accordance with the Decree of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of December 22, 1990 No. The Pension Fund of the Russian Federation was created, the purpose of which is the state management of pensions for citizens.

The funds concentrated in the Pension Fund are used to pay state labor pensions, pensions for the disabled, allowances for children aged 1.5-6 years, compensations to pensioners, etc. The Pension Fund's expenses in 2001 amounted to amounted to 491123 million rubles.

The second largest social non-budgetary fund is the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, formed in accordance with the Decree of the President of August 7, 1992 No.

Its purpose is to finance the payment of benefits for temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, at the birth of a child, care for a child up to one and a half years old, financing the organization of sanatorium treatment and recreation.

In accordance with the Law of the RSFSR of April 19, 1991, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation was established. At the expense of this fund, the tasks of professional retraining of the population, employment and others are solved.

Significant allocations for social security are directed directly from the state budget, bypassing these funds. At their expense, pensions and benefits are provided to servicemen of the Russian Army, railway troops, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, private and commanding staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Security Service, foreign intelligence, tax police and their families.

The implementation of social security is entrusted to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation, the republics within the Russian Federation and their local bodies.

As part of this Ministry, the Department of Pensions was established, which develops proposals for the formation of the state federal policy of pensions and its implementation in cooperation with the authorities of the constituent entities of the Federation; organization and methodological support of work on the appointment, recalculation, payment and delivery of pensions; ensuring the uniform application of federal pension legislation and preparing proposals for its improvement, and other tasks.

Assignment of pensions and allowances to officers, ensigns, midshipmen and long-term servicemen of the Russian Army, border troops, railway troops, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, to private and commanding staff of the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Security Service, foreign intelligence, tax police and their families is carried out by the relevant departments.

Thus, the social policy of the state is aimed at materially providing certain categories of citizens from the state budget and special off-budget funds in the event of the occurrence of events recognized by the state at this stage of its development as socially significant, in order to equalize the social position of these citizens compared to other members of society.

1.4 Legal regulation of social assistance in relation to citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation

The basics of legislative regulation of the provision of social services for citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation are established by the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 195-ФЗ “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population”. This Federal Law defines social services as the activities of social services for social support, the provision of social, social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, social and legal services and material assistance, social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations. In accordance with Art. 7 of this Federal Law, the state guarantees citizens the right to social services in the state system of social services for the main types defined by Federal Law No. 195-FZ in the manner and under the conditions established by laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The main types of social services for citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation, in accordance with the above Federal Law, are:

material aid;

social services at home;

social services in stationary institutions;

provision of temporary shelter;

organization of day stay in social institutions
service;

advisory assistance;

rehabilitation services.

Social services are provided to the population free of charge and for a fee. Free social services in the state system of social services in the volumes determined by state standards of social services are provided to the following groups of the population:

citizens who are not capable of self-care due to advanced age, illness, disability, who do not have relatives who can provide them with assistance and care - if the average income of these citizens is below the subsistence level established for the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in which they live;

citizens who are in a difficult life situation due to
unemployment, natural disasters, disasters affected by
as a result of armed and inter-ethnic conflicts;

minor children who are in difficult life
situations.

CHAPTER II. THE SPECIFICITY OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR A PERSON IN DIFFICULT LIFE SITUATION

2.1 Provision of social assistancecabbage soup for children, teenagers and youth

The child protection system begins with the protection of the family, mother and child. The provision of this social sphere in Russia is one of the most developed. Education in children's institutions is based on proven programs. Its necessary element is teaching children to communicate, activities as part of a group, preparation for entering school.

Social protection of preschoolers is carried out in cooperation with medicine, pedagogy, and production. Social security agencies contribute to the rehabilitation and treatment of preschool children, for which they provide, for example, preferential conditions for the stay of preschool children in sanatoriums. The upbringing of preschool children solves the problems of their socialization. The youngest learn the rules of behavior, are included in group activities, and master the basics of culture.

The system of social protection of schoolchildren organically includes a variety of activities held at school, in extracurricular institutions, work with families and the public. The main result of this activity is the formation of social security for schoolchildren as a stable mental state, including confidence in their successful social and professional self-determination, as well as effective socialization. Social and pedagogical work contributes to the inclusion in productive work, the system of continuous education.

Social protection of childhood also includes the prevention of pedagogical injuries, education without losers, without repeaters, since they are characterized by mental states that depress vital activity. Social work of such a plan is of a preventive and therapeutic nature. Practical socio-psychological work is widely used.

An important direction in the socialization of children and adolescents is their rehabilitation in connection with deprivation (educational, psychological, moral, social, etc.), that is, the loss of important personal qualities. At the same time, personal development is diagnosed, individual plans for the restoration of abilities (perceptual, intellectual, communicative, practical activities) are built, correctional groups are organized, actual classes are selected that allow one to acquire socially valuable knowledge and the ability to use them in work, communication, and personal life in collective activity. .

The foregoing is closely related to the problem of the so-called "difficult", maladjusted children and adolescents. It should be noted that working with such children requires combining the qualities of a social worker when dealing with those who are involved in helping children (parents, neighbors, friends or officials) and the qualities of a social educator when dealing directly with minors.

Working with "difficult" children, it is necessary to focus on the pragmatism of everyday life. This helps to perceive the child in a specific living space - in the place where he lives, in the family, where his behavior, connections, personal characteristics can be observed, and living conditions, the relationship of psychological, material, social factors become much clearer, since the understanding of the problem does not close only on the personality of the child.

Psychologists distinguish the following areas of correction of the social maladjustment of the personality in childhood as the main ones:

Formation of communication skills;

Harmonization of the child's relations in the "family" (place of permanent residence) and with peers;

Correction of some personal properties that impede communication, or changing the manifestation of these properties so that they do not negatively affect the communication process;

Correction of the child's self-esteem in order to bring it closer to adequate.

In this regard, the main content of the work of a social worker is the creation of an atmosphere of real cooperation and partnership in relations with minors. Equally applicable are the principle of their voluntary appeal for help (search for help by the addressee), and the principle of offering help (moving help to the addressee). Getting to work with "difficult" teenagers, you can not be straightforward. The latter, unlike younger children, are not a passive object of social work; their disorganizing activity is great and forces one to reckon with oneself. The offer of any help from the social worker should “outweigh” the negative and distrustful attitude of the teenager towards him and must contain not some abstract schemes, but attributes of the teenage subculture (often rejected by adults) - only after that you can move on to solving deeper issues . Consequently, the social worker does not have to focus on official values, but takes into account the child's condition, producing and realizing those needs that are caused by his addictions and preferences.

Social workers only achieve success if they do not ignore these circumstances and create at the beginning a kind of backbone of their like-minded people among “difficult” teenagers, and involving everyone else in common activities. These two different tasks - the formation of a core of like-minded people and influence on the least susceptible - have to be solved simultaneously.

But the tasks of the social worker do not end there; he is obliged to constantly maintain a trusting relationship with the teenager. In contact with the latter, a pronounced and unsatisfied need of the educated person for informal and confidential communication with an intelligent adult who adheres to generally accepted moral principles and helps to comprehend the meaning of life and the values of human relationships is realized. Here it is important for a social worker to demonstrate that he does not try to absolute himself and his abilities and is always ready to take into account the experience of his younger communication partner, that is, the teenager himself, taking him into account. Trusting relationships with teenagers exclude traditional methods - teaching, moralizing, strict regulation. The main mechanism of interaction is the ability to establish contact and the ability to accept a teenager as he is.

Traditional work with hard-to-adapt children, often involving their isolation from the family and placement in closed institutions, has shown to be ineffective and even harmful in relation to children with neuropsychiatric disorders. The new technology is based on the following provisions.

Personally oriented individual approach with an assessment of the child's key family problems, learning, communication, areas of interest, needs.

· Development of differentiated assistance and support programs, correctional and rehabilitation programs adequate to the individual psychological and age characteristics of children and adolescents.

· Organization of work with them in the aspect of social pedagogy, correctional and rehabilitation activities.

· Development and creation of a holistic system of assistance, excluding the isolation of children and adolescents, in a comprehensive mode.

When determining the goals and objectives of social work with difficult-to-educate children and children with neuropsychiatric disorders, including neurotics, the concept of "special social needs" is the main one. In such children, primary developmental disorders should be identified and identified as early as possible.
After the diagnosis, targeted positive impact, correction, training, etc. begin (regardless of the age of the children). The lack of targeted psychological and pedagogical assistance, its neglect can lead to irreversible consequences - the inability to reach a certain level of the child's rehabilitation potential.

Compliance of the development program chosen for this child with his real achievements is regularly monitored. In addition, the spatial organization of the rehabilitation environment is provided. For example, neurotic children and neuropathic children need a special structuring of their living space, which makes it easier for them to understand the meaning of what is happening, which allows them to predict the course of events and plan their behavior. In general, children with various developmental disabilities need to form mechanisms for conscious regulation of behavior, interaction with others, and correction of emotional states. Their complex medical-psychological-socio-pedagogical examination can be carried out using game diagnostics and game therapy with simultaneous correction.
The specificity of social work with maladjusted adolescents, children with special social needs is that they are quite satisfied with themselves and do not consider their situation to be any critical. Something is needed for the sake of which the child will want to voluntarily and consciously refuse this or that behavior. In other words, adults (parents, social worker, teacher) must convincingly and clearly prove to the child the perniciousness of his behavior.

The new properties that appear in the child and the new direction of his activity appear only in the course of his development. All this implies an active search for non-standard methods of early diagnosis and correction of impaired development of adolescents, which manifests itself in the form of various problems of social adaptation.

The most adequate technology for solving these problems can be considered the analytic-transformative method - a re-educational correction of the child's personality, carried out in the following sequence.

1) Psychological qualification of personality deformations of a teenager, identification of their internal mechanisms, determination of the levels of mental changes (individual-psychological, interpersonal, personal), motivational-need and value-semantic sphere.

2) Establishment, on the basis of the analysis, of specific tasks of the sphere, in relation to which preventive, didactic and corrective influences are shown - that is, determining which features of the psyche of a given adolescent will be amenable to effective outside influence.

3) Finding, development and approbation of tactical methods of diagnostic and corrective methods, optimal conditions conducive to their implementation. Here preliminary hypotheses and conclusions are tested.

The beginning of preventive work with difficult-to-educate and other adolescents from risk groups provides for the study of the causes of personality deformation and their origins; then the social worker focuses his efforts on preventing the development of numerous consequences of maladaptation into socio-psychological pathologies.
A social worker and a psychologist are faced with the task of forming in a “difficult” teenager a full-fledged need for a normal life in exchange for often only a verbally expressed readiness to “correct” (this is the specificity of adolescence). Such tasks can be implemented in four stages: the first is motivational (creation of high personal interest in the proposed psycho-corrective classes); the second is indicative (numerous motives are introduced that potentially “objectify” the existing need state); the third is attitudinal (personally acceptable motives for “changes” are formed for this teenager, for example, individual attitudes towards a conflict-free relationship with parents); fourth - activity (development for a teenager of detailed plans and programs for organizing future behavior within the framework of a certain activity - sports, creative, educational, etc.). Rehabilitation is associated with the expansion of the reasons for changing the behavior of adolescents, the emergence of new objects of activity - in other words, with positive changes in the development of the motivational sphere.

As a result, we can say that the asocial activity of such difficult-to-educate adolescents does not yet mean an unconscious desire, say, to commit crimes. Only one thing is important here: to prevent the final degradation, not to miss the moment until the asocial side of their life has completely and completely turned into their essence, way of life and thoughts, would not begin to meet age and individual needs.

The formation of social security for graduates of orphanages has its own characteristics. At the first stages of social independence, children need social assistance. It is usually provided by the family. A child without parents (at present, they are mostly victims of social orphanhood: their parents are quite healthy mentally and physically, but they are socially deprived individuals), masters social roles and moral norms during the years of stay in an orphanage. In this regard, ties with social life are of particular relevance.

The socialization of children from orphanages is carried out in close interaction of upbringing and educational work. Social assistance is provided by a school psychologist and a school social worker. The core of the social protection of such children is the education in them of a feeling of friendship and love, and on their basis of readiness for mutual assistance. It should not be overlooked that mutual assistance in the groups of the orphanage is combined with competition. Educators should complete groups taking into account the possibility of communication, leadership. Social work is called upon to give civilized forms to this natural competition.

The main task of the orphanage is the socialization of pupils. For this purpose, family modeling activities should be expanded: adult children should take care of the younger ones, show respect for the elders. It is advisable to prepare for family life in such a way that the pupils develop skills in housekeeping, first aid, and leisure activities (in particular, pupils here comprehend the functions of family members). It is impossible not to take into account that the preparation of children and adolescents for family life takes place against a complex moral background, since they are jealous of children who have parents, relatives, as well as children who are chosen for adoption.

It is obvious that the lack of positive influence of the family is the critical factor determining the peculiarities of the mental development of children in the orphanage, the difficulties of their education and upbringing. Sometimes, teachers and caregivers of orphanages, realizing this, try to build their relationships with children on the family type, setting themselves the goal of directly replacing the mother or father for children. At the same time, the emotional side of communication is excessively exploited, which, however, does not bring the expected results, but only often emotionally exhausts, emasculates the teacher (the concept of “emotional donation” arose not without reason). Therefore, one should agree with those doctors and psychologists who believe that the connections between educators and pupils of closed children's institutions should not imitate family ones.

Finally, the task of a social worker in an orphanage should also be to help optimize the relationship of the child with his guardians, other relatives, as well as with parents who, as you know, even being deprived of parental rights or being in hospital, maintain certain relationships with the child. : through correspondence, rare meetings, etc. Often such letters and especially meetings have a traumatic effect on the child, unsettling him for a long time. However, in spite of everything, children often feel the need to communicate with their parents and other relatives.

In the activities of the boarding school, the principles of practical pedagogy and psychology, taking into account the individual characteristics of children, are of particular relevance. First of all, it is advisable to involve pupils in activities that are interesting for them and at the same time ensure the development of their personality, such as: initial professional, technical, artistic, musical education. Then, educational, labor activity should be aimed at achieving success, which enhances the motivation for self-development of the individual. Each student gets an idea of the strengths of his development, relying on these qualities, children achieve a high level of general education and initial training. A variety of activities allow students to engage in the educational and labor process in accordance with individual characteristics.

One of the most important ways of solving the problems of social protection is vocational guidance for schoolchildren and students of secondary specialized and higher educational institutions. The career guidance system is a continuous process and is carried out purposefully at all age stages, performing diagnostic, teaching, formative and developmental functions.

The problem of freedom of choice that has actually arisen before a significant number of young people has become a feature of the current tasks of career guidance. In connection with the freedom of choice, there are some ethical problems of professional counseling. In career guidance, ethical problems can be considered in two interrelated planes: from the point of view of the individual's readiness to choose and implement a certain moral position and from the point of view of the readiness of a professional consultant (in our case, a social worker) to provide an individual with real assistance in such self-determination, without any violation basic ethical standards of interaction with clients.
The study of the real needs of young people in social services is a key element in the formation of a system of their social protection. According to studies, young people need, first of all, a labor exchange, points of legal protection and legal advice, a "helpline" and then - a sexological consultation, a center for helping a young family, a hostel - a shelter for teenagers who find themselves in a conflict situation at home.

When organizing social services for young people, it is very important to clearly define their tasks.

Thus, the social rehabilitation center for minors includes four departments: the department of diagnostics, social rehabilitation, day care and a hospital.

The tasks of the diagnostic department include: to identify maladjusted adolescents, to identify and analyze the factors, forms and stations of such social maladaptation; develop individual programs for the social rehabilitation of young people, a set of measures aimed at getting young people out of a difficult situation and creating conditions for normal life.

The main tasks of the social rehabilitation department are: organization of the phased implementation of youth social rehabilitation programs; restoration of lost contacts with the family, within the family; improvement of interpersonal relationships, elimination of traumatic situations, development of communication skills based on moral standards; assistance in obtaining a specialty and work; provision of comprehensive medical, psychological and legal assistance, etc.

2.2 Problems of middle and mature age (on the example of social work with women)

Social problems of middle and mature age, on the one hand, are very complex, since they require a differentiated approach in terms of social status, gender, religious, ethnic and other characteristics of the client. These signs form a set of various social problems of such population groups as, for example, military personnel, women, representatives of national and religious minorities, etc.

On the other hand, all these groups are characterized by the well-known "mid-life crisis". It is with him, if we discard the complex of everyday, economic, legal problems, that the social worker most often encounters when working with a middle-aged representative. The difficulty here is precisely the need to single out this psychological crisis in the structure of the same type, recurring problems of a material, everyday, legal nature. The fact is that often this phenomenon is the cause of family, domestic troubles, misunderstanding in the work team, and general depression of the psyche. Thus, it is the overcoming of this problem that can be the key to the successful solution of other social and psychological difficulties.
This crisis is, in fact, a psychological phenomenon of a kind of disappointment, when the realization comes that the hopes of youth will never come true; fatigue comes from the monotony of family life, the monotony of labor relations. This causes general apathy and often deep depression. If, however, these phenomena are accompanied by, say, a disastrous financial situation, cruelty in the family, the position of a national and religious outcast of the client himself and his family, then complex socio-economic, psychological assistance will be required to resolve the whole range of problems.

Generally speaking, the midlife crisis is not of the same type, its various manifestations are characteristic of specific age intervals of the “maturity” period. So, at the age of 30-35, the client usually faces the problem of "missed hopes" of youth, disappointment in family life, housing and domestic difficulties. As we approach old age, the problems of unrealized "wasted" potential, loneliness and uselessness in an increasingly accelerating pace of life, material security in the conditions of approaching old age become actual. The foregoing also determines the difference in the methods of social work with such people - be it consultation, psychological training, group work, socio-economic assistance.

Taking into account the limited amount of work, we will consider the problems of middle age using the example of social assistance to women (taking into account the peculiarities of age periodization against the background of socio-gender typology).

The complexity, complexity of women's social problems, the conditionality of their causes by the general socio-psychological problems of society determine the need for a systematic approach to their resolution, the use of a wide variety of technologies to obtain specific positive results.

First of all, of course, it is necessary to guarantee a woman the opportunity to find a job that would allow her both to provide for herself and (if necessary) her family, and to realize her personal potential, including its family and non-family components. According to studies, the need for women to have a job outside the home is due to three groups of motives:

the need for a second income in the family,

work is the most important means of "social insurance" for both a woman and her family,

Work is a means of self-affirmation, self-development, a way to gain recognition, a place where you can enjoy interesting communication, rest from monotonous household chores (this is typical for women, mainly with a high educational status).

For women, the only option for a positive development of the situation is the need to quickly get rid of the illusions about the possibility of someone's beneficial intervention in their situation, the position and well-being of their families and build their lives using the principles of personal independence and freedom of choice to the maximum.

In terms of employment, this should mean fighting to achieve conditions where fertility is not a discriminatory factor in the labor market. A woman should be given the right both to combine maternal and labor duties (including having young children), and to devote herself entirely to her family and children, if she considers such a choice to be the best. The permeability of the boundaries between these statuses, a painless transition from one to another should be ensured both by law and by a system of organizational measures that facilitate and ensure a woman's adaptation to the changing conditions of the labor market.

Independence and freedom of choice should be ensured to a woman in family relations as well. She must choose the best option for herself and her family: to be a housewife living on her husband's income, or to be independent in terms of income, provide for her family herself - this choice involves changing the labor and employment policy in the country in such a way that honest socially useful work gave people the opportunity to earn enough income to support their livelihoods.

A woman should be independent and have freedom of choice in the field of sexual relations. This will help reduce the number of cases of domestic and sexual violence, protect women from unwanted pregnancies, introduce the basic principles of family planning into the mass consciousness and, as a result, possibly eliminate Russia's infamous leadership among all countries in terms of the number of abortions performed annually.

In technological terms, it is necessary to make serious changes in the system of upbringing and education of children, which is only partly within the competence of social work. A social worker can, firstly, initiate attention to this area at the local level by contacting decision-making bodies, the media, creating associations of people interested in resolving these issues and having the opportunity to influence social management bodies. Secondly, he can carry out social and therapeutic and corrective work in order to change the unfavorable situation in a particular family.

Ensuring maximum (territorial-organizational and economic) availability of contraception and abortion services, dissemination of reliable information about family planning technologies can also have a positive impact on women's social well-being. The organization of healthcare and the provision of a healthy lifestyle are among the types of social activities that are carried out at all three levels - federal, regional and municipal. Medical education, promotion of knowledge, family planning skills are the responsibility of a social work specialist, and a variety of rehabilitation methods are used by social service centers, whose main clients are women.

Speaking about the gender areas of social work, three stages of tasks in the field of helping women can be distinguished: saving their lives and health, maintaining social functioning and social development. In specific individual and social conditions, one or another task is a priority.

To save the life and health of women and children, hospital shelters, crisis centers, shelters with a range of social services (psychological and medical rehabilitation, legal counseling and legal protection, assistance in finding another place of residence and suitable work, sometimes assistance in obtaining or restoring documents). Of course, emergency relief does not solve social problems per se, but it can sometimes save the life of a woman or her children. Acute economic difficulties give a woman the right to apply for targeted social or emergency assistance, which is also a short-term (in accordance with its conceptual purpose) one-time technology.

The maintenance of social functioning is of a more long-term nature, and the need for it is determined by a more complex set of reasons. Accordingly, the technologies used in this case are more diverse: all adequate types of socio-psychological, socio-economic, medical rehabilitation and support for women in difficult life situations. The most important means of social and labor rehabilitation should be considered the retraining or retraining of women in more necessary professions. Consultations or other legal assistance can help protect women's rights in case of family conflicts or property disputes, in any situation where, due to either the imperfection of the regulatory framework or the peculiarities of their social status, women are in a vulnerable position.

Social development can be provided by informing women, teaching them progressive personal skills and social technologies, including technologies of self-employment and self-sufficiency, small business. Of great importance is the support of self-help and mutual aid groups, associations for the protection of civil, social and other rights of various strata of the female population.

Of course, all these three types of tasks, as a rule, are performed by social workers together with employees from various areas of the social complex - law enforcement agencies, employment services, medical and educational institutions, etc.
The most common types are social service centers for the population, as well as centers for social assistance to families and children. The typology and names of such centers, their functions may vary depending on local conditions. In addition, social assistance institutions created by foreign organizations or with their help, confessions, private and public organizations can function. Characteristically, the majority of clients of virtually any social institution oriented to the provision of a wide variety of services are women. It is important that the activities of these organizations do not violate the rights of the women they are called to help, be transparent for control in terms of the content and methods of work, and be also informationally available to clients.

Emergency social assistance is a one-time single assistance to an individual or family experiencing difficulties through the issuance of money, food or things. Targeted social assistance is provided to low-income segments of the population and also provides for the issuance of money, food or things, but can be provided repeatedly, even regularly. This type of assistance can be received by various categories of the population, primarily representatives of socially disadvantaged families.
Protection from domestic violence in a non-stationary institution, as a rule, involves a combination of activities of law enforcement officers and social service institutions: the former stop violence, while the latter provide rehabilitation, legal and other types of assistance to its victims.

An effective technology is the creation of therapeutic groups of victims of domestic violence, whose members can best support each other, achieve better results under the guidance of a specialist in social work in correcting their personality, protecting their social interests.

A higher level of work is the transition of therapeutic groups to the status of self-help groups, that is, associations of clients that have existed for a longer time, having a wider range of problems that develop the personality of group members. The assistance of a social worker in the creation of such groups means the transfer of his clients from the category of objects of influence to the category of subjects who equally participate in solving their own problems.

2.3 Social protection peopleand the elderly and disabled

The system of social services for the elderly covers, in particular, medical geriatric care, both inpatient and outpatient; maintenance and service in boarding schools, home assistance to those in need of outside care; prosthetic care, provision of vehicles; employment of those wishing to continue passive labor activity and their professional retraining; organization of labor at specially created enterprises, workshops; housing and communal services; organization of leisure, etc. Guardianship of the elderly is one of the main areas in social work in general. Guardianship is understood as a legal form of protection of personal and property rights and interests of citizens. Its forms are very diverse, but the main form of social guardianship over older people who are unable to fully (or at all) exercise their rights and fulfill their duties for health reasons is the functioning of the system of boarding schools.
It should be noted that at present, mostly people who have completely lost the ability to move and require constant care come to boarding schools. Of course, older people want to live in their own home, in a familiar environment. Expanding home care (a variety of home-based services: home delivery of groceries, assistance with paperwork, purchasing essentials, etc.) allows them to push back the timing of relocation to nursing homes.
Moreover, contrary to popular belief, the majority of the elderly are not limited in their usual activities and are not addicted; they live in their own houses or in the houses of their relatives. Old age does not in itself mean that the specialized assistance of a social worker is needed. Therefore, the main care for the elderly is provided within the framework of primary health care. The main activities in the medical and social rehabilitation of the elderly are aimed at the maximum possible preservation of the life of an elderly person in a family environment. Its forms include: specialized centers with inpatient departments, specialized care departments, rehabilitation institutions. The most important principle is prevention.

Prayer for help in a hopeless situation to the Lord God

The Bible contains many examples of how even the best of people were sometimes attacked by evil spirits. Why does the Lord allow this? And He just waits for a person to trust Him implicitly. Then He will begin to destroy the enemy's plans one by one.

God is not an automaton with miracles, but even one has to go up to an automaton and throw a coin, and a person must express his desire to receive protection. To do this is simple - read a prayer for help in a difficult situation.

“In the hand of Your great mercy, O my God, I entrust my soul and body, my feelings and words, my advice and thoughts, my deeds and all my body and soul, my movements. My entrance and exit, my faith and dwelling, the course and death of my belly, the day and hour of my exhalation, my repose, the repose of my soul and body. But you, O Most Merciful God, of the whole world with sins, insurmountable Goodness, gentle, Lord, me, more than all sinners, accept in your hand your protection and deliver from all evil, cleanse a lot of my iniquities, grant correction to my evil and accursed life and from always delight me in the coming sinful falls, and in no way when I anger Your philanthropy, even cover my infirmity from demons, passions and evil people. Forbid the visible and invisible enemy, guiding me on the saved path, bring me to Thee, my refuge and my desires. Grant me a Christian end, shameless, peaceful, keep from the air spirits of malice, at Your Terrible Judgment, be merciful to Your servant and count me at the right hand of Your blessed sheep, and with them to You, my Creator, I glorify forever. Amen."

Quite often it happens that a person's desire does not coincide with what God has prepared for him. Many see prayer as an opportunity to "persuade" the Creator to do things his way. Only such a plan is unlikely to work - it can only cause the wrath of God, Who will cease to heed the voice of the rebellious. It happens that people still act in their own way, but it ends sadly. So is it worth it to insist and strive for what the omnipotent ruler of heaven considers unnecessary for you?

It is important before prayer to set the soul to humility, acceptance of the inevitable. After all, there are situations that cannot be avoided. And asking for magic to happen is not worth it - it will not happen. It is better to ask for wisdom, patience and strength. To do this, it is good to use such a well-known biblical book as the Psalter. In it you can find prayers for help in any situation, no matter how difficult it is.

Psalms can be read in Russian.
You can read any number of psalms, even for days on end.
You can sit while reading the Psalter.

All psalms are addressed to God, some of them are laudatory, others are prophetic, but you can choose any one that corresponds to the inner state of the soul. She will surely be healed by the Word of God.

Prayer in difficult times to the Mother of God

According to Orthodox tradition, the Mother of God walks the earth every day, helping the unfortunate, sick, orphans. Anyone who needs help in life can turn to the Mother of God. There is a huge number (several hundreds) of icons to which various properties are attributed.

"" - pray for the strengthening of faith, for protection from enemies, for the prosperity of Russia.
"" - she is asked to get rid of cancer.
"" - pray in the presence of problems with hearing and vision.
"" - gives spiritual joy, teaches you to love your neighbors.
"" - blesses those entering into marriage, helps in difficult times (for any problems).
"" - it is customary to hang in the house to protect it from fire.

My Tsaritsa Preblagaya, My Hope, Mother of God, Shelter for orphans and wanderers Defender, grieving Joy, offended Patron! You see my trouble, you see my grief; help me as a weak one, guide me as a wanderer. You know my offense: resolve it according to Your will. For I have no other help than You, no other Defender, no good Comforter - only You, O Mother of God: save me and protect me forever and ever. Amen.

The earthly life of the Ever-Virgin was full of ordinary worldly sorrows. When she was still a very young girl, her parents died - after all, they were very old when the Lord gave them the joy of motherhood. The Virgin Mary was glad to live at the Jerusalem temple, but one fine day they decided to marry her. Marriage was a formality and was done so that a young innocent girl had a roof over her head.

And she humbly accepted the will of God, although she did not want to leave the monastery, where she could study the Scriptures and pray. For her, the time has come for ordinary earthly worries. And when the Baby appeared, she was destined to walk next to Him along the way of the cross and watch the Son die on the cross, without any guilt. How much patience, humility and love lives in the heart of the Mother of God? She will never ignore the petitions of the disadvantaged, everyone can count on her support.

Prayers to the saints for help

In any situation, even if it seems hopeless, you can go to the temple, venerate shrines, order a prayer service, your soul will feel better. You can also turn to the saints of God, who are known for their holy lives and miracles. To whom to pray?

Holy Prince Daniel of Moscow. His relics rest in the Danilov Monastery in the center of Moscow. It especially helps with housing problems that many have today. Some believers acquired their own apartments after fervent prayers to the saint. Helps build relationships with superiors, protect against unfair attacks. Provides patronage in all Christian life.

The most famous Russian saint. Through it, you can get help from God - get rid of various physical ailments, prayer also helps those who cannot cope with their studies, mastering new specialties for themselves. Of course, in case of doubt, the desire to transgress one of the commandments, one should also turn to this saint.

He is known as a great teacher of Christianity, although he did not leave written works, but he lived like the ancient biblical prophets. He spent all his days in work, prayer, caring for others.

An ancient saint revered in all Christian churches. His relics are preserved incorrupt. Born in Greece, he was an ordinary shepherd. He became famous for the gift of miracles during his lifetime. It is believed that he still walks the earth, helping the suffering - every year he wears shoes with worn soles.

It helps to conduct entrepreneurial activities, to conduct real estate transactions, the unemployed pray to him for finding a decent labor field.

In any situation, you can also go to the saint whose name you took at baptism. The text that will be pronounced is not so important. You can turn to heaven in your own words. How to make any prayer strong? This, of course, requires faith that the Lord can and wants to help you. After all, he is a loving Father for all people.

Also, one should not demand, put forward ultimatums. We must try to understand the reasons for what happened, ask for forgiveness for all the mistakes made (we all have them). And then ask for help - assistance, consolation, understanding of what needs to be done.

We must always remember that for those who love God, everything is given for the benefit, even trials.

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Help for those in difficult times. Social support for families in difficult situations

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How can people get financial help in a difficult situation?: 101 comments

Comment navigation

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Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

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