Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev - Russian poet of the XIX century, diplomat and publicist. He also served as a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. More than 400 poems were published from his pen. Tyutchev was born on December 5, 1803 in the Ovstug family estate, located in the Oryol province.

Young years

The parents of young Fedya were of a noble family, so they raised their son accordingly. The future poet received an excellent education at home, by the age of 13 he was well versed in ancient Roman poetry. The boy also knew Latin, could translate the poetry of Horace. His home teacher was the poet and translator S.E. Raich.

At the age of 15, the young man began to attend lectures on literature, which took place on the basis of Moscow University. He became a student of this educational institution. A year later, Tyutchev was enrolled in the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature.

In 1821, Fedor graduated from the university and went to work at the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. After some time, he had to move to Munich as a diplomat. The poet spent 22 years abroad, where he managed to start a family with Eleanor Peterson. The woman was the greatest love in his life, they had three daughters.

In addition, while working in Munich, Fyodor Ivanovich became interested in the German idealist philosophy. He repeatedly communicated with Friedrich Schelling, became friends with Heinrich Heine. It was Tyutchev who became the first translator of his works into Russian.

Debut as a poet

As a teenager, Tyutchev wrote several poems, but they were not successful with critics and readers. In addition, the young man did not like publicity, he rarely published his works. The period of his work from 1810 to 1820 was extremely archaic. The poems resembled the poetry of the last century. Among them are such works as "Summer Evening", "Insomnia", "Vision", released on the pages of Raic's magazine "Galatea".

The full-fledged debut of the poet took place in 1836 thanks to A.S. Pushkin, who accidentally received his notebook with poems. The classic was able to appreciate the talent of Fyodor Ivanovich and published 16 of his poems in his journal Sovremennik. At this time, he began to improve his style, using some forms of European romanticism. Tyutchev skillfully combined them with Russian lyrics, thanks to which his original poems were remembered by readers.

Nevertheless, even recognition from Pushkin did not bring popularity to Fedor. He managed to become famous only after returning to his homeland, when in 1854 a separate collection of poems was published. Then an additional cycle of poems was released, dedicated to Tyutchev's mistress Elena Denisyeva.

At this time, Afanasy Fet, Nikolai Chernyshevsky and Ivan Turgenev admired the poet's talent. Nikolai Nekrasov even writes an article on Tyutchev's work and publishes it in the Sovremennik magazine. Thanks to this, his works are successful, fame comes to Fedor Ivanovich.

Return to Russian lands

In 1837, Fedor was appointed first secretary of the Russian Mission in Turin. There his wife dies. She could not stand the constant betrayal by her husband, in addition, Eleanor often complained about her health. In 1839, the poet marries his mistress; for the sake of the wedding, he leaves for Switzerland without the consent of his superiors.

Because of this, Tyutchev's career as a diplomat ended. For the next five years, he resided in Munich without official status in an attempt to regain his position. Fedor failed to do this, so he had to go back to Russia. Since 1848, Fyodor Ivanovich became a senior censor in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. At the same time, he does not stop writing and participates in the Belinsky circle. The poet constantly communicated with creative people. Among them were such writers as Ivan Turgenev, Nikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Goncharov and others.

In the 50s, the next stage in Tyutchev's poetry begins. At this time, he writes mainly on political topics, but does not publish his poems. From 1843 to 1850, Fedor delivered political articles about the utopian future of the “pan-Slavic empire” and the inevitable clash between Russia and the whole world. In 1858 the poet became chairman of the Foreign Censorship Committee. It is noteworthy that he repeatedly defended the persecuted publications.

In 1848-1850. the writer creates several beautiful poems, completely immersed in political themes. Among them are such poetry as "To the Russian Woman", "Reluctantly and timidly ..." and "When in the circle of murderous worries ...".

1864 was a turning point in the life of the poet. First, his beloved Elena Denisyeva dies of consumption, a year later their joint children die. The decisive blow was the death of Fedor's mother. The released collection did not receive popularity, difficult times came in Fedor's life. Due to numerous problems, his health deteriorated significantly. On July 15, 1873, the poet died in Tsarskoye Selo. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Until the end of his life, the poet remained in the public service, never becoming a professional writer. His last years were marked by the writing of political poems. Among them are the works "When decrepit forces ..." and "To the Slavs".

Stormy personal life

Fedor Ivanovich was an incredibly amorous person. It is noteworthy that the poet dedicated poems to all his women. In addition, he had 9 children from different marriages. In his youth, Tyutchev was in a romantic relationship with Countess Amalia. Shortly after that, the poet married Eleanor Peterson, whom he repeatedly called the main woman of his life. He was broken when the one he loved died. Tyutchev spent the night at her coffin, the next morning he became completely gray-haired.

But after some time, the poet found solace in the arms of Ernestine Dernberg. Their romance began much earlier, it was this betrayal that crippled Eleanor's health, coupled with a shipwreck in Turin. A year after the death of his wife, Tyutchev got married again.

Fedor Ivanovich was not enough with one wife, so he soon began to cheat on her too. Elena Denisyeva became the mistress of the publicist, their relationship lasted more than 14 years. All acquaintances were against this relationship because of the age difference. The girl was the same age as the writer's daughter.

After the public became aware of the relationship between Elena and Fedor, the father disowned the girl. She had to leave the institute, live in a rented apartment. But Deniseva, who was in love, was not too interested in this, she tried to throw herself headlong into the maelstrom of unknown feelings. The girl devoted herself to him and even gave birth to daughters to the poet.

Tyutchev could not stay with any woman for a long time, Denisyeva was no exception. In 1851, he wrote a poem summarizing their relationship in a peculiar way. Nevertheless, the couple continued to cohabit, they had strong friendships, even if the love from Fedor faded away. In August 1864, Lena died in the arms of her beloved.

The work of Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev is strong in its philosophical component. It had a beneficial effect on the formation of Russian poetry. Tyutchev's works belong to the best creations of the Russian spirit. Everything written by the poet Tyutchev bears the stamp of a true and beautiful talent, original, graceful, full of thought and genuine feeling.

The beginning of poetic activity
A collection of three hundred poems, a third of which are translated, a number of letters, and several articles - this is Tyutchev's creative baggage. Centuries pass, but the author's works remain in demand and loved by readers.

The creative fate of F.I. Tyutchev was unusual. Quite early, the poet begins to print his poems, but they go unnoticed for a long time. In the nineteenth century, it was believed that his lyrical monologues, inspired by pictures of nature, were beautiful. But the Russian public also found descriptions of nature in Eugene Onegin, the author of which responded to everything that worried modern readers.

So, the stormy year of 1825 caused Tyutchev to write two curious poems. In one, addressing the Decembrists, he remarked:

"O victims of reckless thought,
You hoped maybe
What will become scarce of your blood,
To melt the eternal pole.
Barely, smoking, she sparkled,
On the age-old mass of ice;
Iron winter died -
And there are no traces left."

In another poem, he talks about how “sad it is to go towards the sun and weave movement behind a new tribe,” how “piercing and wild this noise, movement, conversation, cries of a young fiery day” are for him.

"Night, night, oh where are your covers,
Your quiet dusk and dew? .. "

This was written at a time when Pushkin, with an encouraging word of greeting, turned "to the depths of the Siberian ores" and exclaimed: "Long live the sun, let the darkness hide."

Years will pass and only then will contemporaries discern the incomparable verbal painting of Tyutchev.

In 1836, A.S. Pushkin founded a new magazine, Sovremennik. From the third volume, poems began to appear in Sovremennik, in which there was so much originality of thought and charm of presentation that it seemed that only the publisher of the magazine himself could be their author. But under them, the letters “F.T.” were very clearly displayed. They bore one common name: "Poems sent from Germany" (Tyutchev then lived in Germany). They were from Germany, but there was no doubt that their author was Russian: they were all written in pure and beautiful language, and many bore the living imprint of the Russian mind, the Russian soul.

Since 1841, this name was no longer found in Sovremennik, it also did not appear in other journals, and, one might say, since that time it has completely disappeared from Russian literature. Meanwhile, the poems of Mr. F.T. belonged to a few brilliant phenomena in the field of Russian poetry.

Only in 1850, fortune smiled - in the Sovremennik magazine, N.A. Nekrasov spoke flatteringly about the Russian poet Tyutchev, and they started talking about him in full voice.

Spiritualization of nature in Tyutchev's poetry
Tyutchev's "Night Soul" is looking for silence. When the night descends to the earth and everything takes on chaotically obscure forms, his muse in "prophetic dreams is disturbed by the gods." "Night" and "chaos" are constantly mentioned in Tyutchev's poems of the 20-30s of the nineteenth century. His "soul would like to be a star", but only invisible to the "sleepy earthly world" and it would burn "in the pure and invisible ether." In the poem "The Swan", the poet says that he is not attracted by the proud flight of an eagle towards the sun.

“But there is no more enviable lot,
O clean swan, yours!
And clean, like yourself, dressed
You elemental deity.
She, between the double abyss,
Your all-seeing dream cherishes,
And with the full glory of the starry firmament
You are surrounded by everything."
.
And here is the same picture of nocturnal beauty. The war of 1829, the capture of Warsaw found a quiet response in the soul of Tyutchev.

"My soul, Elysium of shadows,
What is common between life and you?

So the poet asks himself. In the marble-cold and beautiful poem "Silentium" (translated from Latin "Silence") Tyutchev repeats the word "be silent."

"Be quiet, hide and conceal
And your feelings and dreams!
Let in the depths of the soul
And they rise and they go
Like stars clear in the night:
Admire them - and be silent.

In many poets, we find indications of these torments of the word, which is powerless to fully and truthfully express a thought, so that the “thought uttered” is not a lie and does not “disturb the keys” of moral feeling. Silence could not be an escape from this state. Tyutchev was silent only about those thoughts that were evoked by the "violent year" of modernity, but with all the greater "passion" he gave himself up to the impression of nocturnal and truthful nature. Contemplating the southern sky, remembering his native north, he breaks out from under the power of the beauties of nature surrounding him, comes to love for the whole universe. When looking at a kite soaring high to the sky, the poet becomes offended that a man, "the king of the earth, has grown to the earth."

It is necessary to understand, to love all nature, to find meaning in it, to deify it.

"Not what you think, nature -
Not a cast, not a soulless face:
It has a soul, it has freedom,
It has love, it has language."

Even the destructive forces of nature do not repel the poet. He begins his poem "Mal'aria" with the lines:

“I love this divine wrath, I love this, invisibly
In everything spilled, mysterious evil ... "

The poem "Twilight" expresses the consciousness of the poet's closeness to the fading nature:

“An hour of longing inexpressible!
Everything is in me - and I am in everything ... "

The poet refers to the "quiet, sleepy" twilight, calls him "deep into his soul":

"Give me a taste of destruction,
Mix with the dormant world."

The poet everywhere speaks of nature as something alive. He has “winter grumbling for spring”, and “she laughs in her eyes”; spring waters “run and wake up the sleepy shore”, nature smiles at spring through a dream; spring thunder "frolics and plays"; a thunderstorm “recklessly, madly suddenly runs into an oak forest”; “gloomy night, like a stout-eyed beast, looks out from every bush”, etc. (“Spring”, “Spring waters”, “The earth still looks sad”, “Spring thunderstorm”, “How cheerful the roar of summer storms”, “Loose sand to the knees”).

The poet does not single out the highest manifestations of the human spirit from all other natural phenomena.

"Thought after thought, wave after wave -
Two manifestations of the same element.

We find the development of the same thought in the wonderful poem "Columbus":

“So connected, connected from the ages
union of consanguinity
Intelligent human genius
With the creative power of nature.
Say the cherished word he -
And a new world of nature
Always ready to respond
To a voice related to him.

At this point, Tyutchev's worldview came into contact with Goethe's worldview, and it was not for nothing that the relations of both poets, who met during Tyutchev's life abroad, were so close.

Tyutchev's landscape lyrics come from those four seasons that nature gives us. In the poetry of Fyodor Ivanovich there is no dividing line between man and nature, they are one element.

Tyutchev's love lyrics do not close on themselves, although they are largely autobiographical. It is much broader, more universal. Tyutchev's love lyrics are an example of tenderness and penetration.

“I still strive for you with my soul -
And in the darkness of memories
I still catch your image ...
Your sweet image, unforgettable,
He is before me everywhere, always,
unattainable, immutable,
Like a star in the sky at night ... "

Tyutchev's work is full of deep philosophical meaning. His lyrical reflections, as a rule, are not abstract, they are closely connected with the realities of life.

It is impossible, according to the lyricist, to open the curtain before the secrets of the universe, but this can happen for a person who is on the verge of day and night:

"Happy is he who has visited this world
In his fatal moments!
He was called by the all-good,
As an interlocutor at a feast ... "
"Cicero"

Is it necessary to leave a great creative legacy behind in order to become great? On the example of the fate of F.I. Tyutchev, we can say: "No." It is enough to write a few brilliant creations - and descendants will not forget about you.

Text adaptation: Iris Revue

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev was born in 1803 on his father's estate, in the Bryansk district of the Oryol province. His father was a noble landowner. Tyutchev received a good home education, and the teaching of subjects was conducted in French, which F.I. owned from childhood. Among his teachers, a teacher of Russian literature was Raich, a writer, translator of "Furious Orlando" by Ariosto. Raich aroused in the young Tyutchev an interest in literature, and partly under the influence of his teacher, Tyutchev began to make his first literary attempts. His first attempt was a translation of a letter from Horace, published in 1817.

Portrait of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803 - 1873). Artist S. Alexandrovsky, 1876

In 1822, after graduating from the university, Tyutchev was enrolled in the College of Foreign Affairs and lived abroad for twenty-two years, only occasionally visiting Russia. He spent most of his time in Munich, where he met Heine and Schelling, with whom he later corresponded. He married a Bavarian aristocrat and began to consider Munich his home. Tyutchev wrote a lot; the fact that he rarely appeared in print was explained by indifference to his poetic work, but in reality, I think, the reason was his extraordinary vulnerability, sensitivity to editorial and any other criticism. However, in 1836, one of his friends, who was allowed to get acquainted with his muse, persuaded him to send a selection of his poems to Pushkin for placement in a magazine. Contemporary. From 1836 to 1838 forty poems, which today everyone who loves Russian poetry knows by heart, appeared in the magazine signed F. T. They did not attract the attention of critics, and Tyutchev stopped publishing.

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev. video film

In the meantime, he was widowed and married a second time, again to a Bavarian German woman. He was transferred to work in Turin. He did not like it there, he missed Munich. Being a chargé d'affaires, he left Turin and the Sardinian kingdom without permission, for which breach of discipline he was dismissed from the diplomatic service. He settled in Munich, but in 1844 he returned to Russia, where he later received a position in the censorship. His political articles and notes, written in the revolutionary year of 1848, attracted the attention of the authorities. He began to play a political role as a staunch conservative and pan-Slavist. At the same time, he became a very prominent figure in the drawing rooms of St. Petersburg and gained a reputation as the most intelligent and brilliant interlocutor in all of Russia.

In 1854, finally, a book of his poems appeared, and he became a famous poet. At the same time, his relationship with Denisyeva, the governess of his daughter, began. Their love was mutual, deep and passionate - and a source of torment for both. The reputation of the young girl was ruined, Tyutchev's reputation was seriously tarnished, family well-being was overshadowed. When Denisyeva died in 1865, Tyutchev was overcome by despondency and despair. The amazing tact and patience of his wife only increased his suffering, causing a deep sense of guilt. But he continued to live a social and political life. His lean, withered figure continued to appear in the ballrooms, his wit continued to captivate society, and in politics he became unusually cocky and turned into one of the pillars of unbending political nationalism. Most of his political poetry was written in the last decade of his life. He died in 1873; he was shattered by a blow, he was paralyzed, and only his brain was unaffected.

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803-1873) is one of the famous Russian poets who made a huge contribution to the development of the lyrical poetic direction.

The poet's childhood takes place in the family estate of the Oryol province, where Tyutchev receives education at home, studying with a hired teacher Semyon Raich, who instills in the boy a desire to study literature and foreign languages.

At the insistence of his parents, after graduating from Moscow University and defending his Ph.D. thesis in linguistics, Tyutchev enters the diplomatic service, to which he devotes his whole life, working at the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs.

Tyutchev spends more than twenty years of his life abroad, being at diplomatic work in Germany, where he enters into his first marriage with Eleanor Peterson, who gives him three daughters. After the death of his wife, Fedor Ivanovich marries into a second marriage, where he has several more children, but has love affairs on the side, dedicating numerous poems to his beloved women.

The poet composes his first poems as early as his youth, imitating the ancient authors. Having matured, Tyutchev reveals himself as a love lyricist who used the techniques inherent in European romanticism.

Returning to his homeland with his second family, Tyutchev continues to work as a privy councillor, but does not give up his poetic passion. However, in the last years of his life, the poet's work was aimed at creating not lyrical works, but those with political overtones.

Genuine fame and recognition come to the poet already in adulthood when he creates numerous poems that convey landscape and philosophical lyrics, which he composes after retiring from public service and settling in the estate of Tsarskoye Selo.

Tyutchev passes away after a long illness at the age of seventy in the suburbs of St. Petersburg, leaving after his death a legacy of several hundred poems, distinguished by the poet's favorite theme in the form of images of natural phenomena in various forms, as well as love lyrics, which demonstrate the whole gamut emotional human experiences. Before his death, Tyutchev manages, by the will of fate, to meet with Amalia Lerchenfeld, the woman who was his first love, to whom he dedicates his famous poems entitled "I met you ..."

Option 2

Fedor Ivanovich was born on November 23, 1803 on the territory of the Ovstug estate, located in the small Oryol province.

The beginning of education was laid at home, parents and experienced teachers helped him to study poetry written in ancient Rome, as well as Latin. After he was sent to the University of Moscow, where he studied at the Faculty of Literature.

In 1821, he graduated from an educational institution and immediately began to work as an official holding a position in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. As a diplomat, he is sent to work on the territory of Munich. He lives on the territory of a foreign country for 22 years, where he met his true and only love, with whom he lived happily in a marriage in which he had three daughters.

The beginning of creativity

Tyutchev begins to create in 1810, and the early period ends ten years later. This includes poems written in youth that are similar to the works of the last century.

The second period begins in the 20th year and ends in the 40th. He begins to use the features of European romanticism, and also turns to native Russian lyrics. Poetry at this moment acquires the features of originality and its inherent relationship to the outside world.

In 1844 the author returned to his historical homeland. There he worked for a sufficient time as a censor. In his free time, he talked with colleagues in the Belinsky circle, which also includes Turgenev, Nekrasov and Goncharov.

The works written during this period never go to print, he tries to write on political topics, so he tries not to show creativity to others. And the last collection is published, but does not gain much popularity.

The number of troubles suffered leads to a deterioration in health and general condition, so the author dies in Tsarskoye Selo in 1873. During this time, he experienced many difficulties, which he shared with his beloved wife.

The general lyrics of the poet has about 400 poetic forms, there are many museums in Russia that tell about the author's work and his difficult life, as well as the time spent abroad.

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Direction: Genre: Works on the site Lib.ru in Wikisource.

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev(November 23 [December 5], Ovstug, Bryansk district, Orel province - July 15, Tsarskoe Selo) - Russian poet, diplomat, conservative publicist, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 1857.

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev was born on December 5, 1803 in the family estate of Ovstug, Oryol province. Tyutchev was educated at home, studied Latin and ancient Roman poetry, and at the age of thirteen he translated Horace's odes. At the age of 14, as a volunteer, he began attending lectures at the Faculty of History and Philology at Moscow University, where Merzlyakov and Kachenovsky were his teachers. Even before enrollment, he was admitted to the number of students in November 1818, in 1819 he was elected a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature.

Having received a certificate of graduation from the university in 1821, Tyutchev enters the service of the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs and goes to Munich as a freelance attaché of the Russian diplomatic mission. Enrollment in the service took place at the request of a relative, Count Osterman-Tolstoy. Here he meets Schelling and Heine and marries Eleanor Peterson, nee Countess Bothmer, with whom he has three daughters. The eldest of them, later marries Aksakov.

The steamer "Nikolai I", on which the Tyutchev family sails from St. Petersburg to Turin, is in distress in the Baltic Sea. When saving Eleanor and the children, Turgenev, who was sailing on the same ship, helps. This disaster seriously crippled the health of Eleonora Tyutcheva. She dies in 1838. Tyutchev is so saddened that, after spending the night at the coffin of his late wife, he turned gray in a few hours. In 1839, Tyutchev's diplomatic activity was suddenly interrupted, but until 1844 he continued to live abroad.

Returning to Russia in 1844, Tyutchev again entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1845), where from 1848 he held the position of senior censor. Being him, he did not allow the distribution of the manifesto of the Communist Party in Russian in Russia, declaring that "who needs it, they will read it in German."

Almost immediately upon his return, F. I. Tyutchev actively participates in Belinsky's circle

Not printing poems at all during these years, Tyutchev appeared with journalistic articles in French: “Letter to Mr. Doctor Kolb” (1844), “Note to the Tsar” (1845), “Russia and the Revolution” (1849), “Papacy and The Roman Question” (1850), and also later, already in Russia, an article written “On Censorship in Russia” (1857). On April 17, 1858, State Councilor Tyutchev was appointed Chairman of the Foreign Censorship Committee. In this post, despite numerous troubles and clashes with the government, Tyutchev stayed for 15 years, until his death. August 30, 1865 Tyutchev was promoted to Privy Councilor.

On December 4, 1872, the poet stopped moving his left hand and felt a sharp deterioration in vision; he began to suffer excruciating headaches. On the morning of January 1, 1873, despite the warnings of others, the poet went for a walk, intending to visit friends. On the street, he had a stroke that paralyzed the entire left half of his body. July 15, 1873 Tyutchev died.

Addresses

Stay in Moscow

Stay in St. Petersburg

Stay abroad

Poetry

... the interpreter is faced with a well-known paradox: on the one hand, "no single poem by Tyutchev will be revealed to us in all its depth, if we consider it as an independent unit" ... On the other hand, Tyutchev's corpus is frankly "random", we have texts that are not institutionally attached to literature, not supported by the author's will, reflecting the hypothetical "Tyutchev heritage" is obviously incomplete. The "unity" and "crowding" of Tyutchev's poetic heritage make it possible to compare it with folklore.

Very important for understanding Tyutchev's poetics is his fundamental distance from the literary process, his unwillingness to see himself as a professional writer and even disregard for the results of his own work.

Tyutchev does not write poetry, writing down already existing text blocks. In a number of cases, we have the opportunity to observe how the work on the initial versions of Tyutchev’s texts is going on: Tyutchev applies various kinds of “correct” rhetorical devices to the vague, often tautologically designed (another parallel with folklore lyrics) core, taking care to eliminate tautologies, clarify allegorical meanings (in this sense, Tyutchev's text unfolds in time, repeating the general features of the evolution of poetic devices described in the works of A. N. Veselovsky, devoted to parallelism - from the undivided identification of phenomena of different series to a complex analogy). Often it is at a late stage of work on the text (corresponding to the consolidation of its written status) that the lyrical subject is introduced pronominally.

periodization

Tyutchev dedicated two poems to Pushkin: "To Pushkin's Ode to Liberty" and "January 29, 1837", the last of which radically differs from the works of other poets on Pushkin's death by the absence of direct Pushkin's reminiscences and archaic language in its style.

Museums

Monument to Tyutchev in the museum-reserve "Ovstug"

The master's house in the museum-reserve "Ovstug"

The museum-estate of the poet is located in Muranov near Moscow. It went into the possession of the poet's descendants, who collected memorial exhibits there. Tyutchev himself, apparently, has never been to Muranovo. On July 27, 2006, a fire broke out in the museum on an area of ​​500 m² from a lightning strike, two museum employees were injured in the fight against fire, who managed to save part of the exhibits.

The Tyutchev family estate was located in the village of Ovstug (now the Zhukovsky district of the Bryansk region). The central building of the estate, due to its dilapidated state, was dismantled into bricks in 1914, from which the volost foreman, deputy of the State Duma of the IV convocation, Dmitry Vasilyevich Kiselev, built the building of the volost government (preserved; now - a museum of the history of the village of Ovstug). The park and the pond have been neglected for a long time. The restoration of the estate began in 1957 thanks to the enthusiasm of V. D. Gamolin: the surviving building of the village school () was transferred to the museum being created by F. I. Tyutchev, the park was restored, a bust of F. I. Tyutchev was erected, and in the 1980s, according to the surviving The building of the estate was recreated according to sketches, into which the museum exposition moved in 1986 (it includes several thousand original exhibits). In the former building of the museum (former school) there is an art gallery. In 2003, the building of the Assumption Church was restored in Ovstug.

Family estate in the village of Znamenskoye on the Katka River (now the Uglich district of the Yaroslavl region). Until now, the house, a dilapidated church and a park of extraordinary beauty have been preserved; the estate is planned to be reconstructed. When the war with the French began in 1812, the Tyutchevs gathered to evacuate. The Tyutchev family left for the Yaroslavl province, in the village of Znamenskoye. There lived the grandmother of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev from the side of his father, Pelageya Denisovna Panyutina. She had been seriously ill for a long time; relatives found my grandmother alive, but on December 3, 1812, she died. The Tyutchevs decided not to return to burned Moscow, but to go to their estate in Ovstug. Raich, the future mentor and friend of Fedenka Tyutchev, also left Znamensky with them.

A year and a half after the death of my grandmother, the division of all property began. It was supposed to take place between three sons. But since the elder Dmitry was rejected by the family for marrying without parental blessing, two could participate in the section: Nikolai Nikolaevich and Ivan Nikolaevich. But Znamenskoye was an indivisible estate, a kind of Tyutchev's majorate. It could not be divided, changed or sold. The brothers did not live in Znamenskoye for a long time: Nikolai Nikolaevich was in St. Petersburg, Ivan Nikolaevich - in Moscow, besides, he already had an estate in the Bryansk province. Thus, Nikolai Nikolaevich received Znamenskoye. In the late 1820s, Nikolai Nikolaevich died. Ivan Nikolayevich (the poet's father) became the guardian of his brother's children. All of them settled in Moscow and St. Petersburg, with the exception of Alexei, who lived in Znamenskoye. It was from him that the so-called "Yaroslavl" branch of the Tyutchevs went. His son, Alexander Alekseevich Tyutchev, that is, the nephew of Fyodor Ivanovich, was the district marshal of the nobility for 20 years. And he is the last landowner of Znamensky.

Ivan Nikolaevich Tyutchev, poet's father.

Ekaterina Lvovna Tyutcheva, mother of the poet.

Family

Father- Ivan Nikolayevich Tyutchev (October 12 - April 23), son of Nikolai Andreevich Tyutchev Jr. (-) and Pelageya Denisovna, born. Panyutina (-3 December)

Mother- Ekaterina Lvovna (October 16 - May 15), daughter of Leo Vasilyevich Tolstoy (October -14) and Ekaterina Mikhailovna Rimskaya-Korsakova (? -1788). She was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. The father's sister, Anna Vasilievna Osterman, and her husband F. A. Osterman played a big role in the fate of the niece and her family. Mother's brother - A. M. Rimsky-Korsakov.

Brothers:

• Nikolai Ivanovich (June 9, 1801-December 8). Colonel of the General Staff. Died single. The last owner of the Tyutchev family estate with. Gorenovo.
• Sergey (April 6 - May 22)
• Dmitry (February 26 - April 25)
• Vasily (January 19) died in infancy

Father's sister- Nadezhda Nikolaevna (-), married to Sheremetev, mother of Anastasia, the future wife of the Decembrist Yakushkin and Pelageya (-), the future wife of M. N. Muravyov-Vilensky.

Categories:

• Personalities in alphabetical order
• Writers alphabetically
• December 5th
• Born in 1803
• Born in Ovstug
• Born in Orel Governorate
• Deceased July 27
• Deceased in 1873
• The dead in Pushkin (St. Petersburg)
• The dead in the St. Petersburg province
• Bryansk writers
• Graduates of the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University
• Diplomats of the Russian Empire
• Poetry translators into Russian
• 19th century Russian writers
• Buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery (St. Petersburg)
• Poets in alphabetical order
• Russian writers of the 19th century
• Russian poets
• Slavophiles
• Tyutchevs
• Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev
• censors
• Corresponding members of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences

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