It is written -НН-:
In participles:
In adjectives:
if the stem of the word ends in -N- (Н + suffix Н = НН) | mist + H = misty picture + H = picture |
if the word is formed with suffixes Onn-, -enn- | straw + enne = straw station + onn = station |
in three words, which are the exception: | |
In verbal adjectives ending in -ovanny, -evanny (exceptions: forged, chewed. BUT! Forged (with what?) Copper chest, chewed (perfect view) | PAINTING, SCARED, STUFFED |
In some verbal adjectives formed from non-prefixed imperfective verbs (they must be remembered): | seen, given, desired, unseen, unexpected, minted, unexpected, unheard, unintended, pecked, sacred, promised, desperate, deprived, counted |
Exception:
Adjective windy spelled with one -N-.
BUT! Windless.
It is written -N-:
In participles:
In adjectives:
Rules | Examples | Exceptions |
if adjectives are formed without a suffix | youthful, spicy | |
in relative adjectives formed with suffixes -an-, -yan- | leather + en = leather wool + yang = woolen | pewter, wood, glass |
In possessive adjectives formed with the suffix -in- | swan + yin \u003d swan eagle + in \u003d eagle | |
In adjectives formed from non-prefixed imperfective verbs with suffixes -n-, -en- and without dependent words | laden (wagons) knitted sweater) fried potatoes) | desired sacred unguessed unheard of |
In the exception windy (BUT! windless) | windy (BUT! windless) | |
In adjective oil, i.e. "consisting of oil", "made in oil", "working on oil" | oil |
In short adjectives, in nouns and adverbs, as many N are written as in the full form of the adjective from which they are formed:
Cloudy morning - cloudy morning, it was cloudy.
Speech is long - speech is long, speak long, original.
Modern language - she is modern, contemporary, dress modern.
Spelling Н and НН in different parts of speech
noun
HH
1. Nouns ending in -NICK, -NITSA and OST, formed from adjectives withnn also written withnn : society nn th - society nn ik - society nn itz-society nn awn.
2. Cnn nouns are also written with suffixes
-NICK, -NICA from nouns with stem onn: tribute - yes nn ik - yes nn itza .
H
1. In nouns formed from an adjective withn , are written withn : Yu n y - y n awn.
Remember:
prida n oh, but shameless nn itza
brought up nn ik
elect nn ik
sacred nn ik
setting nn ik
drowned nn ik
brew n ik
smoked n awn
ice cold n oh
muche n ik
harder n ik
study n ik
adjective
HH
1. In adjectives formed with a suffixn from nouns with stem onn: kame n b - kame nn oh, with n -so nn oh, ba n I - ba nn th.
Remember:
bar n uy
saza n uy
tulle n uy
This also includes adjectives formed from neuter nouns inme : name- name nn oh, flame - flame nn th, tribe - tribe nn oh .
Remember:
green n th (but green tent)
blush n th
svi n oh
Yu n th. They are formed without the help of suffixes.
nameless nn th
mean nn th.
2. In adjectives formed from nouns using the suffixes ENN, ONN:revolution - revolution he N th, society - society enn th .
3. In adjectives: tin nn oh, tree nn oh, glass nn th.
4. In adjectives in -OVANNY, -ЁVANNY, formed from verbs: take risks -risky nn th , uproot -korcheva nn th.
Exceptions : kova n oh, chew n th.
5. In a few adjectives formed from verbs without prefixes or with negation not (in these adjectives nn are clearly heard ): wish - wish nn oh, no wait - waiting nn oh, ugly nn oh no nn oh, gem nn oh, holy nn th .
6. In adjectives formed from verb stems with prefixes:lost nn th (view), worn nn th (suit) .
7. Short adjectives are writtennn , if they are formed from complete, havingnn : length nn th - length nn a, tse nn th - tse nn a, celebration nn th - celebration nn s .
8. In the first stem of complex adjectives, it is writtennn , if it is formed from an adjective withnn : vago nn o-locomotive park (vago park nn th and locomotive).
H
1. In non-prefixed adjectives formed from imperfective verbs (these verbs answer the question what to do ?): rage - rage n oh, cook - cook n th.
Remember: Non-prefixed adjectives of the type in question must be distinguished from participles similar to them, which are written with nn . Such participles carry dependent words:
Gruzhe n th (adjective) platform – heavier nn th (communion) stone platform.
2. Adjectives with the suffix IN:chickens in oh, guest in th.
3. Adjectives with the suffix AN, YANG:silver yang ouch, cannabis yang ouch, ice yang oh. Exceptions: tin nn oh, glass nn oh, tree nn th.
4. Adjectivewindy. Prefix adjectives formed from the wordwind , are written with nn:no wind nn oh, tomorrow nn oh, downwind nn th .
5. In the first stem of complex adjectives, n is written if the first stem is formed from a noun on n: wave n construction plant (machine building plant) n ).
We need to distinguish:
wind en weather - windy yang oh engine
oil en th pancake - oil yang oh cookie
silver yon th spoon - silver yang th bowl
Sol yon th fish - salt yang oh pole
Communion
HH
1. In the full passive past participles formed from verbs with prefixes:With break - break nn th, on sow - sow nn th .
Exceptions:
name n yy (brother)
planted n yy (father)
smarter n th (boy)
2. In full participles formed from non-prefixed verbs of the perfect form (these verbs answer the question what to do ?): buy - purchase nn oh, captivate - captivity nn th.
Remember:
nezhda nn th
bad luck nn th
unheard nn th
unseen nn th
affairs nn th
desire nn th
not tea nn th
3. In participles on -OVANNY, -ЁVANNY:organization ovated .
Remember:
kova n th
chewing n th
smoother n th - smoother n th
washing n th - rewash n th
writing n oh beauty
Easier n oh sunday
smoother n th
domotka n th
little traveler n th
4. If the sacrament has a dependent word:sowing nn through a sieve flour.
H
1. In short participles:heard n uh, story n s, treason n s.
2. If the sacrament does not have a dependent word, prefixes:scrap n th line
Adverbs
HH
1. If nn is written in the suffix of a full adjective or participle, then nn is also preserved in the adverb:scattering nn th man - I look scattering nn oh fright nn th facial expression - fear nn oh subdued .
Spelling H and HH in adjectives
The number of letters H in adjectives depends on the suffix with which the word was formed.
If the word is formed using the suffix -Н-, doubling of the consonants is obtained only when the stem of the generating word ends in N. For example: SON-N-Y, DRUM-N-Y.
If suffixes were used in the formation of a word
–AN-, -YAN-, -IN-, then you need to write one letter H. For example: GUS-IN-Y, SILVER-YAN-Y, LEATHER-AN-Y.
If the suffixes are -ONN- or -ENN-, then two N are written. For example: AVIATION-ONN-Y, STRAW-ENN-Y.
Remember a few exceptions: GLASS, TIN, WOODEN. In these words, double H is written, despite the fact that they were formed with the help of the suffix -YAN-.
Notice also the word WINDY. There are no double consonants in it, since this adjective was formed not from the noun WIND, but from the obsolete verb WIND with the suffix N.
There are also a few adjectives for which this rule cannot be applied, for example: YOUNG, RUSSIAN. The fact is that these words were formed without suffixes at all. They write one H, which is at the root.
An exercise
1. From below came a growing, rising rumble, from the side - the sound of bone balls through a glass partition, behind which anxious faces flickered. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
2. Just think: forty kopecks from two dishes, and both of these dishes and five alt are not worth it, because the supply manager stole the remaining twenty-five kopecks. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
3. Then the bloody sun burst in his head with a ringing sound, and he saw absolutely nothing more. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
4. The duck's nose turned pale, and Turbin immediately realized that he was mistaken, he grabbed the wrong person. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
5. The machine, having turned the first stagnant waves, went smoothly, with a thousand-headed, lion's roar and ringing filling the empty halls of Spimat. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
6. Having surveyed the position with an eagle's eye, Korotkov hesitated for a moment and with a battle cry: "Forward!" ran into the billiard room. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
7. But the woman remained adamant and sad. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
8. He himself, in the same bandage, but not wetted, but dry, walked around not far from a group of executioners, not even taking off his overhead silver lion's muzzles from his shirt, without taking off his leggings, sword and knife. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
9. Then, with horror, he looked into the razor mirror, sure that he had lost an eye. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
10. The pantser was rising with a country, unnatural speed, and Korotkov's heart sank at the thought that he would let him go. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
11. The man, smiling with an unusually polite, lifeless, plaster smile, approached Korotkov. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
12. Korotkov tried to laugh artificially, but it did not work out for him. (M. Bulgakov "The Devil")
13. With a shiny penknife, he cut the bell wire ... (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
14. The car drives in vain kaze_n uy! the cat also chimed in, chewing on the mushroom. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
15. Then he hung a heavy Mauser in a wooden holster, shaking the rack with deer antlers. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
16. Vaguely seen clumps of virgin and untouched lilacs, under the snow, a door, a glass lantern of an old canopy covered with snow. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
17. The ruddy-faced fat cadet slammed his bed by the box and stood motionless. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
18. ... the holster, probably due to the absent-mindedness of Colonel Malyshev, was unbuttoned. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
19. The rifle clattered down the icy hump of the pavement. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
20. A strange drunken ecstasy arose from Nikolka from somewhere in his stomach, and his mouth instantly dried up. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
21. In place of a very weak and in really difficult cases, an unnecessary mind, a wise animal instinct grows. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
22. Jack of Hearts climbed onto a chair, spat in Vasilisa's mustache and fired point-blank. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
23. ... a golden tail and the ends of two rifles flashed on a hat. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
24. There is only one illuminated place: Vladimir has been standing on a terrible heavy pedestal for a hundred years now, cast-iron black Vladimir and holding in his hand, upright, a three-sazhen_th cross. (M. Bulgakov "The White Guard")
25. He was wearing a leather jacket from someone else's shoulder, worn leather trousers and English high boots with lacing up to the knees. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
26. And if you want to listen to good advice: pour not English, but ordinary Russian vodka. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
27. The doctor, pale, with very determined eyes, raised his glass with a dragonfly waist. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
28. Philip Philipovich woefully pointed with both hands at the window curtain. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
29. On board the most magnificent jacket, like an eye, a precious stone stuck out. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
30. The blizzard clapped from a gun over his head, threw up huge letters of the poster's canvas ... (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
31. Complete astonishment was expressed on the faces, and the woman was covered with a cranberry coating. (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
32. He fell right on the table into a long dish, splitting it along ... (M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog")
33. Here, in the state library, authentic manuscripts of the warlock Herbert of Avrilak, tenth century, were found, and so it is required that I sort them out. I am the only specialist in the world. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
34. The novelist Petrakov-Sukhovey, who was dining at the next table, with his wife, who was eating up the pork escalope, noticed the courtship of Archibald Archibaldovich with the observation characteristic of all writers and was very surprised. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
35. He shifted his gaze higher and saw a figure in a crimson military mantle, rising to the execution site. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
36. But the fact is that all the time and continuously more and more new material entered the sleepless floor. (M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita").
The exercise was prepared by R. Lozovsky and B. A. Panov (“League of Schools”).
Adjectives:
1) Adjectives with suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in- written with one -n-: clay, silver, chicken. Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
2) Adjectives with suffixes -onn-, -enn- written with two -n-: aviation related.Exception : windy, oily.
3) In adjectives formed from the base on -n with a suffix -n-, written two -n-:pictorial (kartin -a + n th).
Participles and adjectives formed from verbs:
two letters -n- are written in suffixes of full participles and adjectives formed from verbs:
1) if they have a prefix: sun plowed, from boiled(but: with a thoughtful boy, named brother);
2) if they have dependent words: Varnn aya on milk;
3) if the word has suffixes -ova-, -eva-, -irova-: marinated, asphalted;
4) if the word is formed from a non-prefixed perfective verb (except wounded):deprived;
In short participles, one is written -n-, and in adjectives - two (except for the masculine singular form). It is necessary to distinguish between full and short forms of passive past participles with suffixes -enn- and -nn- and adjectives formed from verbs. Compare:
educated, participle from the verb "educate"; short form: brought up, brought up a, brought up oh, brought up and educated, adjective; short form: educated, educated, educated, educated.
How to distinguish? It is possible in meaning, but it is easier to try to substitute the word ‘ more’:Masha was raised by her grandmother and Masha is educated, polite and smart. As you can see, in the first case, the substitution of the proposed word is inappropriate, and in the second, it is quite real. In addition, passive participles require the presence (at least on a subconscious level) of an indication of who performed the action indicated in the participle.
Writing one or two letters -n- in difficult adjectives obeys the general rule: plain dyed (paint, imperfect species); plain dyed (paint, perfect view).
adverbs, formed from adjectives with two -n-, also written with two -n-: went in an organized manner.
In nouns, formed from adjectives, participles and verbal adjectives, so many -n-, how many of them were in the production basis: pupil ( from ‘ educated’), martyr ( from ‘ tormented’) .
Two - n- are written in all words formed from the bases on -n, with a suffix starting with -n:foamy (pen-a + n-th), hexagon (six + face b + n ik).
Tasks.
His manners were not distinguished by simplicity, but were refinements (1) s. In the labyrinth of crooked, narrow and weak (2) streets, people were always scurrying about. The drivers argued with the loaders that the car was underloaded (3).
Manners (what?) of sophistication (1) s. This is a short adjective, as it can be replaced by a full form of sophistication ... th. We determine the spelling of the full form: sophistication ... th is formed from the verb to find, in which there is a prefix from-. Thus, both in full and in short form, we write two HH. Weak (2) th (what?) Streets. This is a full adjective, formed from the imperfective verb to bridge. The prefix non- does not affect spelling, there are no suffixes -OVA / -EVA, there are no dependent words either. We write one N. The machine is underloaded (3) but (what has been done?). This is a short participle, since it can be replaced by the verb underloaded. In short participles, one N is written. Thus, the correct option is answer No. 4.
In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place of which HH is written?
The house stood somewhat away from the forest; its walls here and there were renovated (1) with fresh woods, the windows were painted (2) with whitewash, a small porch on the side, decorated with (3) carvings, still smelled of resin.
In the foreground of the picture, against the background of figures more closely (1) with smeared (2) soot faces, a girl's figure in a snow-white dress with plaited (3) sleeves stands out brightly.
In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which one letter H is written?
In the painting “Kermessa”, Rubens depicted a crowd of hot (1) townspeople, desperate (2) about dancing beche (3) dance.
First you need to understand what form is an adjective:
Then you need to find out what part of speech the word is formed from noun or from verb.
| Full form | |||
| I. Adjectives from nouns | II. Adjectives from verbs (participles) | ||
| -N- | -HH- | -N- | -HH- |
| -an, -yan, -in lion - lion ! Glass |
1. -onn, -enn revolution - revolutionary ! Windy 2. H+H = sleepy+ny BUT! The words also belong to the primitives: single, pheasant, raven, ram, carp, seals, peacock, crimson, zealous, bulany. 3. MY = enn temporary (time) |
1. without prefix frozen catfish (from freeze) not
frozen |
1. with prefix per frozen catfish 2. dependent word frozen mom catfish 3. suf. ova, eva, irova marinated ! forged, chewed, pecked ! desired, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected |
| short form | |||
| 1. The meaning of the action (what is done?) - "N" raised by a father, excited by the storm |
2. The meaning of the sign (what are they?) - see the full form: how many "n" in the full, so much in the short. They brought up nn s and education nn s (educated and educated). |
||
Tasks and tests on the topic "Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives and participles"
- Spelling participles - Communion Grade 7
Lessons: 3 Assignments: 12 Tests: 1
- Spelling participles, participial turnover
Lessons: 4 Assignments: 11 Tests: 2
- Spelling of adjectives - Adjective 6th grade
Lessons: 5 Assignments: 10 Tests: 1
- adjective as a part of speech - Morphology. Independent parts of speech Grade 10
