Recently, Hungarian scientists as a result of one of the experiments discovered an anomalous phenomenon. During the decay of beryllium nuclei, they obtained a particle whose mass and behavior cannot be explained by the standard physical model.

anomalous particle

In early 2016, a subsequent collaborative study with a group of American scientists was published in the prestigious journal Physical Review Letters. After studying the behavior of the particle, the scientists compiled a mathematical model that serves as an addition to the standard model. According to scientists, this model in the future could explain the existence and properties of dark matter. They even hope for the first hint of the existence of the fifth fundamental interaction of particles.

standard model

There are four fundamental "forces of nature", which are more accurately called the forces of fundamental interaction: electromagnetism, gravity, strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force. According to the standard model, all forces, except for gravitational forces, interact with each other. This prompts scientists to strive to find a new, fifth fundamental force of interaction, which could allow direct observation of dark matter.

The published experiment was not enough to prove the existence of a new interaction. An anomalous phenomenon today can be caused by a new particle of matter or a massless pathogen of an unknown interaction.

Conducted experiment

The experiment was carried out at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences by scientists who have long been searching for "dark photons" - particles that interact with dark matter. An anomaly in the nuclear decay of beryllium, observed during the experiment, turned out to be a particle with a mass 30 times greater than an electron.

If this particle has the ability to provoke a new interaction, then the discovery could be revolutionary. Not only will the predicted “fifth force” be discovered, but this force could potentially unify known interactions and dark matter. Such a unification will greatly expand our understanding of the Universe and the physical processes occurring in it.

Of course, one experiment and a theoretical model is not enough to believe in the existence of a new fundamental interaction. There is still a lot of research and experimentation to be done, as well as to formulate a new theory that combines the standard model and the new force. Fortunately, the anomalous particle is relatively stable and can be directly observed by most interested scientists.

MOSCOW, May 26 - RIA Novosti. Scientists from Hungary have found hints of the existence of physics outside the Standard Model of the microcosm. They have uncovered evidence for not four, but five fundamental forces of nature, according to the Nature News Service.

At the end of last year, Attila Krasznahorkay of the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Debrecen and his colleagues published an article in which they described the unusual results of observing what happens when a beryllium-8 atom goes from an excited to a normal state when synthesis of beryllium during the bombardment of a sheet of lithium with protons.

As scientists say, under certain circumstances, this process leads to the birth of not photons, but electron-positron pairs, peculiar unstable mini-atoms from particles of matter and antimatter. In itself, this fact is not unusual - such processes occur in nature and in space regularly. What was surprising was how the birth of these particles took place.

put electrons in a corner

The standard model of physics predicts that the frequency of occurrence of such pairs will greatly depend on the angles at which the forming electrons and positrons will scatter - the larger this angle, the less “atoms” of positronium, as scientists call such designs, should appear.

Much to the surprise of Krasnahorkaya and his colleagues, something different happened - when the angle of expansion approached the mark of 140 degrees, the number of electron-positron pairs increased sharply. This indicated that some particles or forces are involved in this process that go beyond the Standard Model.

According to Hungarian physicists, this behavior of beryllium-8 is due to the fact that its nuclei, during their formation in a lithium sheet, emit a special ultralight boson, a carrier particle of one of the four fundamental interactions, which decays into an electron and a positron.

Krasnahorkai believes that this particle, whose mass is approximately 17 MeV (megaelectronvolt), is the so-called "dark photon" - a carrier of electromagnetic interactions that can affect the behavior of dark matter particles.

Protonophobia

Such statements and experimental results attracted the attention of theorists from the University of California at Irvine (USA), who believe that the Krasnahorkai team managed to discover something more - the fifth fundamental force, which acts on matter along with gravity, electromagnetism, weak and strong nuclear forces.

"In the original experimental work on which these theoretical constructions are based, it is said that observations of transitions between excited states of the beryllium-8 atom give results that differ from the current theoretical description. All sorts of deviations in nuclear physics occur regularly, since it is adequate to calculate the excitation spectrum nuclei, the path of even light ones is extremely difficult," Igor Ivanov, a well-known Russian physicist and popularizer of science, commented on the study.

As Ivanov writes, similar inexplicable bursts and anomalies were found earlier in the course of observations of the behavior of neutrinos and in the course of experiments at the LHC, which subsequently "dissolved" as data accumulated and the accuracy of detectors improved.

"Therefore, in this case, too, this is almost guaranteed to be a poorly described effect of nuclear physics. Well, the theoretical article on which the note in Nature News was written is just a standard work for theorists - let's assume that the deviation is real, and speculate on the topic of what it could be be "new physics". They have the right to do so," the scientist concludes.

In a recent interview, Professor G. N. Dulnev, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Russia, made an interesting suggestion. Science knows four fundamental interactions in nature - electromagnetic and gravitational on the scale of the macrocosm, weak to strong on the scale of the microcosm. However, in recent years, the scientific community has been discussing the possibility of the existence of another remote interaction in the macrocosm - spin or torsion, fixing, preserving and transmitting information through a spinor or torsion field. The physical nature of this fifth interaction, apparently, is completely different from that of the other four interactions, since the transfer of information here is carried out, as it were, without the expenditure of energy. There are good reasons to believe that torsion fields are also responsible for parapsychological phenomena. We turned to Anatoly Evgenyevich Akimov, a major specialist in torsion fields, General Director of the Interbranch Scientific and Technical Center for Venture Unconventional Technologies, with a request to tell us more about the state of affairs in this, frankly speaking, intriguing field of knowledge.
The first reports of torsion fields appeared in the public press just a few years ago. The reaction of scientists formed by this time is very contradictory. In the West, for example, there was a strong belief that if these fields exist in nature, then due to their extreme weakness they are actually unobservable and therefore have no practical significance.
However, our domestic scientists decided to take a different look at this problem and undertook a "storm" of torsion fields. They certainly had predecessors. The first of them I would call the great electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. When asked how he manages to transmit electricity over long distances without wires, he replied: “Those who think that I transmit electricity are mistaken!” What then was transmitted? After all, the electric motor, which stood a few kilometers from the Tesla installation, began to rotate when turned on! Probably, the energy of torsion fields was transferred.
Our compatriot Anatoly Aleksandrovich Beridze-Stokovsky should have been placed second in a series of specialists who tried to experiment with torsion fields. Based on his intuition, he created a series of generators of fields of various design, which by all indications are torsion fields.
The third most important I would call Doctor of Technical Sciences Gennady Alexandrovich Sergeev, who developed emitters based, as he claims, on the properties of liquid crystals. True, in my opinion, these are other substances, but this is not the point. Sergeev's sensors work successfully, probably using torsion principles.
Impressive results were achieved by the Khabarovsk discoverer Jen Kan Zhen, who, using the signal generator he invented, brought out chickens with paws ... ducks and worked other "miracles". The torsion fields were investigated, unfortunately, by the late Nikolai Evseevich Fedorenko and a man, strange to many, Alexander Alexandrovich Deev. Indeed, in his experiments, he used to pass off the desired results as actual ones. However, I personally made sure that most of his devices are torsion generators.
When we say that torsion fields are involved in parapsychological phenomena, we mean a firmly proven fact: the fields generated by psychics are torsion fields. Dozens of experiments confirming this have been carried out. Many of them were duplicated in St. Petersburg by Professor Dulnev and in Lvov, in the branch of our scientific center.
Now the theory of torsion fields has already been developed quite deeply. It goes back to the ideas of the Japanese scientist Uchiyama, who suggested that if elementary particles have a set of independent parameters, then each of them must have its own field - an electromagnetic charge, a gravitational mass, and a spin - spin or torsion. Unlike the electromagnetic and gravitational fields, which have central symmetry, the torsion field has an axial symmetry, that is, this field propagates from sources in the form of two cones. In addition, it is not shielded by known natural media. And the most important issue is the speed of its distribution. There is an assumption that it significantly exceeds the light one. This is evidenced, for example, by the famous experiments of N. A. Kozyrev on the instantaneous registration of the visible and actual positions of stars in the sky. By the way, he covered the optics of the telescope with an anti-electromagnetic screen, but the signal from the star nevertheless passed. So it was a torsion field.
It should be emphasized that torsion radiation is an inevitable component of electromagnetic fields. Thus, most radio engineering and electronic devices serve as sources of torsion fields, and the right rotation field improves people's well-being, while the left one worsens it. Notorious geopathic zones are also created by background torsion radiation, and only special screens can protect people living in them from harmful consequences.
All the known features of torsion fields made it possible to imagine what the generators of these radiations might look like. The material accumulated in our center gives grounds to single out several classes of torsion generators that can be created and are being created today.
These are, first of all, as already mentioned, various radio-electronic devices and devices. The second class is installations operating on the basis of specially organized spin ensembles. The third is generators with spin order. By the way, they also include permanent magnets, which, as you know, provide magnetization of water. Obviously, this is possible only due to the torsion field.
The fourth class is form generators. Apparently, even the ancients knew about the effect of form - remember, at least,
the famous Egyptian pyramids, which have a number of unusual properties. By the way, the Jen Kan Zhen mentioned above also gives a special shape to his miraculous generators.
The question may arise whether torsion fields really function in these generators, and not something else? There is only one answer: a screen is needed that cuts off precisely the torsion field. And we created such a screen. The generator sent a torsion signal, and its influence was recorded on the object. Then, on the path of the beam, we placed two plates with the same orientation of their torsion fields. The impact continued. Then the generator beam was blocked by plates with orthogonal orientation of their spins, and the effect disappeared. And the electromagnetic field passed through the screen!
Now the production of synthetic anti-torsion screens from films for sale to the population has been organized. They can be used to protect against geopathic radiation (laying, for example, under a bed), from radiation from computers, television receivers and other electronic devices. New structural materials with unique properties are being created. For example, Ukrainian scientists and I have obtained steel that is twice as strong and six times more ductile than ordinary steel. Various types of sensors are being developed that respond to torsion fields.
Nowadays, this field of activity has ceased to be exotic. Now many organizations, enterprises and research institutes are involved in it. Theoretical research is carried out according to the program approved by the Nobel laureate, academician A. M. Prokhorov. Academician E. S. Fradkin, doctors of sciences D. M. Gitman, V. G. Bagrov, D. D. Ivanenko, I. L. Bukhbinder make a great contribution to the study of torsion fields. Interesting results were obtained by Shipov, Gubarev, Avramenko, Parkhomov and others. We are supported by many well-known scientists, including Academician N. N. Bogolyubov.
The prospects for the use of torsion fields are grandiose. Suffice it to mention new generations of computers with an element base at the micro level with truly incredible computing capabilities. I'm not talking about the natural scientific significance of the discovery of the fifth fundamental interaction, which is, in all likelihood, torsion fields. It will literally change our understanding of nature. If the current century has passed under the sign of electromagnetism, then the next, I am absolutely sure of this, will be the century of torsion energy.

If their findings are confirmed, there will be a worldwide sensation in science, perhaps more significant than the discovery of gravitational waves.

Today, four fundamental forces are known that operate in our world: gravitational and electromagnetic forces at the macrolevel, strong and weak interactions are observed at the level of elementary particles. Physicists still have enough of these four forces to explain everything around. The only concern is that visible matter makes up no more than 5% of the entire matter of the Universe, while the rest is hidden from our senses. Scientists call this imperceptible part of the Universe - dark matter and dark energy.

It is believed that the only force that affects dark matter is gravity, but no unconditional traces of this interaction have yet been found. The lack of interaction with dark matter does not bother scientists, they continue to search for it and are potentially ready for discoveries, including the discovery of a new fundamental interaction.

Last year, physicist Attila Krasznahorkay and colleagues from the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Debrecen) published an article in the ArXiv.org preprint database in which they concluded that they had discovered the fifth interaction. In January, their article appeared in the journal Physical Review Letters.

Both publications were not noticed by the scientific community, with the exception of a group of theoretical physicists led by Jonathan Feng from the University of California (Irvine, USA), who decided to check the results of their Hungarian colleagues. Feng and co-authors carefully studied the calculations of the Hungarian researchers and announced that this new force, as it seems to them, does not violate any laws of nature. Feng has published an article on verification, also at ArXiv.org.

Hungarian scientists were looking for a "dark photon" - a particle of light in dark matter. They bombarded a piece of lithium-7 with protons, causing the protons to turn into an unstable beryllium-8 nucleus, which decayed into a pair of electrons and positrons (antimatter analogs of electrons). When protons hit lithium at an angle of 140 degrees, significantly more pairs of electrons and positrons flew back than the calculations based on the Standard Model suggested.

The authors of the experiment decided that these extra particles could be a manifestation of a new particle - 34 times heavier than an electron. Perhaps this is the dark photon. Feng and co-authors believe that the anomaly observed by the Hungarian scientists does not demonstrate a dark photon, but a manifestation of the fifth interaction.

Now several scientific groups at once - from the Jefferson National Laboratory (Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility) in the USA, MIT, CERN - undertook to repeat the experiment and check the conclusions of Kraznakhorkay and Feng.

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