Anton Smekhov

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Depending on the psychological characteristics, they are divided into introverts and extroverts. A specific type is characterized by behavioral features and the direction of internal energy. In the article I will consider the answers to the questions: "Who is this - an introvert?" and "What is an extrovert and ambivert?".

Most people in the world are extroverts. They like to communicate and relax in noisy companies, to get new experiences.

An introvert is a person whose life energy is directed inward. He openly does not show emotions, does not express thoughts and feelings. A true introvert does not feel comfortable in a large company, especially if he is surrounded by strangers. He is never the first to make contact and always remains secretive, even with a few friends. Finding a girl for such a person is extremely problematic.

In the world of outgoing extroverts, it is extremely difficult for introverts. They experience, experience mental anguish, focus on a particular situation. The people around the introvert do not notice anxiety, do not seek to provide support and help of a psychological nature.

Character traits of an introvert

I propose to consider the character traits of an introvert. A detailed study of the features of behavior will help us. Considering introverts extremely shy is not correct. They are in constant communication with a small group of people and eschew crowded companies.

What additional character traits do true introverts have?

• They rarely make acquaintances. For introverts, this is fraught with significant energy costs. Therefore, their social circle is modest.
• Uncomfortable introverts feel in a large company or a crowd of people. Any event, protest or meeting, brings great discomfort.
• The upcoming interview makes the introvert very nervous. The first minutes of the conversation, he tries to concentrate, after he reaches maximum concentration and begins to deftly show his abilities.
• Honesty is the main virtue. He remains loyal to friends, albeit few.
• Introverts try to relax and restore energy in splendid isolation. For a short time they are isolated from society and do nothing. After the activity resumes.
• An introvert cannot immediately trust a stranger. In the process of building a relationship, you need to be patient and wait.
• An introvert likes other people with their own politeness. For any guest, an introvert tries to create an extremely comfortable and pleasant environment.
• Planning is important. They think everything over in advance and carefully, trying to achieve a balance between loneliness and communication.

Video "How to be an introvert"

If there are such people in your environment, do not seek to condemn them. Try to understand the peculiarities of their behavior.

Behavior of an introvert in life

Surrounded by everyone there is a person who leaves a noisy holiday before everyone else, referring to the need to relax, or does not want to look into the bar after work, justifying the decision with some important reason. Do not look for a catch or try to catch it. Most likely, he is telling the truth and just wants to relax. Such is the behavior of an introvert in life.

1. The main feature of an introvert: the source of his energy is memories, emotions and experiences. From constant communication, he is very tired. A few hours of solitude allow you to cheer up and prepare for the next meeting with the outside world.
2. Introverts may focus on certain activities. Alone, they read, watch the best New Year's films, knit, walk, do creative work or sports.
3. For a long time, introverts can be in one place and watch a certain event - the flow of a river or the play of children. They even prefer to work alone, since constant contacts are very exhausting.

   Introverts make great researchers and scientists

4. An introvert is a punctual and well-organized person. He is taciturn and restrained in manifestations, thoughtful, reasonable and seemingly absolutely calm.
5. Before expressing a thought or taking a certain step, the introvert will carefully consider everything. Often, the slowness of introverts is ridiculed by extroverts.

Introverts are assigned modesty and insecurity, which is not entirely correct. Of course, demonstrative behavior is not typical for an introvert, but he is confident in his own abilities and has high self-esteem. It's just that the environment does not understand his inner world.

Types of introverts

Introversion is a state when psychic energy is directed inward. Introverts use their own ways to adapt to society. Psychologists have long considered this condition a developmental defect.

It is now clearly known that introversion manifests itself in human behavior and in the features of the brain. The behavior of different introverts can vary significantly.

4 types of introverts

• Social. Within a small company, social introverts are chatty, relaxed and sociable. They carefully choose the environment and only reveal themselves in a comfortable environment. They work alone, the presence of strangers takes away energy and interferes with concentration. Prolonged lack of communication is not terrible, but the need to feel practical, to be among people and observe behavior is present.
• Thoughtful. Such introverts pay a lot of attention to thoughts, introspection and inner peace. They boast a well-developed intuition and the ability to evaluate the world, using their own experiences as a prism. They approach the matter creatively and put a piece of their soul into it. The work that is done according to the instructions is not suitable for them. Sometimes it is problematic for thoughtful introverts to find a job.
• alarming. Anxious introverts prefer to be alone because they feel uncomfortable around them. When communicating with people, they often do not understand the interlocutors and find themselves in an awkward situation. Only under the condition of regulated communication do anxious introverts feel comfortable. Behavior is precautionary, benevolence and predictability are expected from others.
• Restrained. Such introverts give the impression of a slow personality. Before they do or say anything, they think everything over. After waking up, they need time to recover. Restrained introverts often put forward balanced and reasonable proposals, their thoughts are characterized by thoroughness and depth. This quality is an excellent counterbalance to the activity of a bright extrovert.

The behavior of people depending on the type is significantly different. Some do not avoid communication, others are true fans of a lonely pastime.

How to work as an introvert?

An introvert will not be able to earn money in sales, since such work involves communication with a client, improvisation, and the correct construction of a dialogue. These qualities do not correspond to the behavior of introverts. Working in a large company is also not suitable, since being in an office space crowded with other employees of the company will not bring comfort. Psychologist or teacher - neither.

These professions require close communication with strangers, which is fraught with great stress for an introvert. The question arises: what should an introvert do? Answering it, I will say that when looking for a job, an introvert should take into account his strengths - a thorough analysis of information and the destruction of stereotypes.

Top professions

1. Writer. The profession contributes to the fusion of unity and love for creativity. The writer can stay at home for days and work. He practically does not communicate and uses his creative abilities to the maximum.
2. Accountant. The head of an accountant is filled with numbers, reports and acts. He lives in a world of numbers and tries not to be distracted by the people around him. Outsourcing is growing in popularity, when work can be done at home, sitting on the couch.
3. Designer. A great opportunity to work remotely and maximize your creativity. An experienced designer can get a large and highly paid project. This way of earning can provide a good income.
4. copywriter. The job is suitable for an introvert who is fluent in Russian and is able to write texts. Communication with customers is carried out through social networks or e-mail, and high-quality order fulfillment brings good money.
5. Interpreter. The profession requires knowledge of a foreign language and provides an opportunity to escape from office slavery. The customer is only interested in the result, and the introvert is able to provide it.
6. Programmer . The option is ideal for a melancholic introvert who needs access to computer equipment for normal work. Due to their temperament, such people do not communicate much in real life, but on the Internet they are real activists.

The professions I named allow you to work from home. If they are not suitable, you will have to deal with sending resumes and preparing for an interview.

Video description of introverts and extroverts

Extrovert - who is this?

It is equally interesting to know who an extrovert is.

Extroverts are called people who direct vital energy towards society. They are the absolute opposite of introverts, who focus on the inner world.

Extraversion is the scientific name for the state when a person seeks to make contact with the objects around him, craves communication and fulfillment of desires. True extroverts, in pursuit of the realization of desires, quickly waste their vital energy.

Many extroverts are characterized by vigorous external activity and continuous expansion of the social circle. Lack of communication brings extroverts a lot of pain. If locked up, it can lead to severe stress or depression.

Character traits of an extrovert

An extrovert is a person who cannot imagine existence without society. Self-expression is achieved exclusively in society and on condition that it approves. Extroverts usually make excellent politicians, singers, speakers, actors, public figures, and dancers.

A characteristic feature of a clear extrovert is talkativeness. It is usually focused on friendly communication, but is highly dependent on public opinion. There are other signs of an extrovert that dominate the character.

The self-expression of the extrovert is oriented towards the outside world. Such people are dependent on others, because they cannot live normally without constant communication.

Behavior of an extrovert in life

There is an opinion that extroverts are more successful in work and life than introverts. There is some truth in this. As statistics show, it is extroverts who own the world, they account for about 70 percent of the world's population.

These persistent, sociable and incredibly active people are able to quickly achieve good results, which weighing, thinking and slow protégés cannot boast of. Let's take a closer look at the behavior of an extrovert in life.

1. Extroverts are characterized by fierce sociability, initiative, activity and openness to the world. They like to speak in front of an audience and listen to words of praise. The extrovert instantly adapts to new conditions, although he does not like planning and spontaneous actions are characteristic.
2. An extrovert can have a deep inner world. He is not a superficial person. The inner "I" uses extremely rarely, and uses thoughts, feelings, emotions and actions to achieve new goals.
3. In life, extroverts show emotions in every possible way and never hide experiences and feelings. When important events approach or occur - the birth of a child or a wedding anniversary, they are happy to share information with the environment, using facial expressions and violent gestures.
4. Extroverts don't figure out what motivates other people to do a certain thing. They demand directness and do not accept hints.
5. Extroverts treat other people with understanding, but they do not always understand themselves. There are times when personal feelings and emotions become a real mystery to an extrovert. Conscious empathy with a lack of shyness allows them to easily make new acquaintances and expand their social circle.
6. An extrovert often has good ideas, but constancy and monotony scares them away from the start of their implementation. They like to work in a team, when a colleague can complete the work that has been started.

Extroverts are quite interesting and sociable personalities, without problems with sociability and acquaintances. They lack independence, which is compensated by activity in society.

Types of extroverts

During the conversation, we learned that an extrovert is a liberated person, characterized by active interaction with society. He has energy comfort in the first place. He makes contact easily even in cases where the interlocutor is extremely unfriendly.

• Ethical-sensory . This type of extrovert is represented by active optimists with excellent taste. They aim for stability, but have scheduling problems due to the inability to calculate their own time.
• Intuitive-logical . They are characterized by excellent intuition and quick reaction to the situation. Work and career always come first. Such extroverts are very trusting, but do not consider the feelings of others.
• Sensory Logic . Decisive and extremely enterprising pragmatists who actively participate in various events. They boast high resistance to stress, but painfully endure criticism and disruption of plans.
• Intuitive-ethical . This kind of extrovert likes to exchange emotions and acquire original things. They are able to conduct behavioral analysis and have the gift of persuasion. They are not friendly with instructions and formalities.

There are times when an introvert can change the psychotype and attitude towards society. Carefully read the characteristics of the opposite and try to acquire them. To achieve the goal, you will need to become more sociable, master the technique of showing initiative and more often visit noisy companies.

How to work as an extrovert?

The concept of "extrovert" appeared in psychology at the beginning of the last century. A person has this property of character from birth. It affects the choice of profession.

Extroverts enjoy an active social life. In work, they motivate themselves with success, recognition, material, career and psychological encouragement. In the process of choosing a profession, they prefer working in large organizations where there is a hierarchy.

The most suitable professions

1. caregiver . Children are close to extroverts due to their openness and curiosity. Such a person can safely work in a kindergarten or school. He won't get tired of this job.
2. Secretary. The profession provides for the desire and ability to help another person. It is possible that the personal life of an extrovert may fade into the background, but this is compensated by the status of an active accomplice and powerful motivation in the form of rewards.
3. Correspondent . The list of the main advantages of a real correspondent is represented by sociability and curiosity. Only an open person, ready for constant communication and not afraid of unexpected situations, can work successfully in this area.
4. Administrator . Extroverts are able to organize and motivate people. These are the qualities that a good administrator should have. Discipline with confidence and interest allows an extrovert to solve problems in a timely manner and as efficiently as possible.
5. Policeman . An officer career is attractive to extroverts because it is characterized by a strict hierarchy and rank system. Using opportunities, such a person will be able to achieve good results, and the role of a defender will give a certain charm.
6. Advocate. A lawyer working in a courtroom is like a tamer of wild animals. With a deft gesture and an unexpected question, he is able to turn the situation around and pull the ward out of the swamp. A good lawyer can play on the feelings of outsiders and keep the public's attention. This is only possible for an extrovert.

This is not a complete list of professions that are ideal for an extrovert. Such people can work as a guide, advertising manager, human resources specialist or translator. The main thing is that the profession contributes to the disclosure of potential.

Ambivert - who is it?

In this article, we talked about introverts and extroverts. Is there a "golden mean" - a person who combines all qualities? It turned out yes. It's about the ambivert. Such people feel great both alone and in a noisy company. They often change the environment.

For a real ambivert, communication in a company is acceptable, provided that it is of a short duration. Frequent meetings with other people are stressful.

Ambiverts pay special attention to self-education. Prolonged loneliness has a negative impact on morale. Often leads to discontent and depression.

There are a number of fundamental differences that define ambiverts. The main distinguishing feature is the ability to easily switch to another state.

Psychological portrait of an ambivert

• Third-party observation is replacing active actions. It cannot be said that the ambivert "turned on". But, he can easily participate in different activities. True, at the next similar events, you should not expect support from the ambivert, since he will switch to observation mode.
• Mix of fun and quiet. People from the environment of the ambivert describe his tastes, wishes, preferences and character traits in different ways. He can be active or remain passive, depending on the type of occupation and his condition. Some friends call him a carefree merry fellow, others call him a cold and reasonable gentleman.
• Star of festivals. An ambivert can happily drop by a secular party, for example, a New Year's corporate party, and become an excellent conversationalist. He attends such events with a certain frequency.
• The ability to transform. The environment or the current situation can cause the reincarnation of the ambivert. From a ringleader, he will instantly turn into an ordinary visitor, or vice versa.
• Teamwork and loneliness. Ambiverts easily perceive the need to work in a team, but they also cope well with tasks and responsibilities on their own. This is provided that a person understands a particular area. In some cases, he may seek help, but he will experience discomfort.

I am finishing the material devoted to introverts, extroverts and ambiverts. I hope you find the article useful and you can learn something new about yourself with its help. Good luck!

As the psychiatrist believed, these are people with different vectors of the direction of vital energy. The former are oriented outward, into the world of others; the second (these are introverts) - inward.

Since then, more than a hundred years have passed, and the concept of "introvert" has acquired many interpretations, interpretations and additional meanings. Let's try to figure out what kind of person this is and what types of introverts are.

Inside yourself - to the outside world

Speaking of introverts, we, of course, will have to touch on the opposite end of the scale, so first of all we will define all types. So, introverts, extroverts, ambiverts - who are they? If you generalize to the maximum, then everything can be explained with the help of binary oppositions:

• Plans - improvises.
• Listens - speaks.
• Retires - interacts.
• Self-sufficient - needs others.
• Limits contacts - expands contacts.

The words, the first in each pair, are a characteristic of an introvert, the second, respectively, of its antipode. The ambivert is a cross between the two types.

The tendency to introversion or extroversion can also be defined as a different type to environmental conditions. Introverts turn from this environment inward, while extroverts, on the contrary, strive for it.

By the way, as recent studies by neurobiologists show, attraction to one or another pole is explained by physiological reasons. The cerebral cortex of introverts is constantly in a state of greater excitation than that of the opposite type.

That is, the former need a smaller number of external stimuli to stimulate it, and the latter, respectively, more. Therefore, an introverted person prefers to recuperate alone or, in extreme cases, in a circle of loved ones, while an extrovert "recharges" in society.

Therefore, it is unlikely that you will be able to radically change your psychotype. And is it worth it? Of course, if, say, on duty, an introvert has to talk a lot or speak in public, he will be able to do this - he will be able to “put on the mask” of an extrovert, but then he will need peace and solitude to recuperate.

It is better to learn how to get the most out of your features. And that means questions like “How to stop being an introvert?” shouldn't even occur. Let others take their place: “What advantages of introverts will be especially useful in my profession?” For extroverts, it will be useful to think about how to communicate with an introvert so that he is comfortable, and not try to remake him for himself.

Unfortunately, trying to remake introverts is a given in the modern world. Simple test. Here is a description of two people. Which of them would you rather call successful? Active, energetic, loving to be in the center of attention, easily making new acquaintances, striving for leadership, not afraid to promote himself?

Or calm, preferring to be in the shadows, focused on his inner reflections, thoughtfully and attentively fulfilling the task? It is not surprising if the majority will answer that the first person is successful, that is, an extrovert. The signs of an introvert seem more appropriate for a modest performer who does not have outstanding abilities, but this is not so.

Introvert children cause anxiety of parents: they are too shy and quiet, an introvert teenager is often seen by classmates as an unsociable beech ... As they grow older, new problems arise - for example, when trying to start a romantic relationship. Let's say an introverted man will doubt for a very long time before confessing his feelings.

It's time to stop changing introverts, you need to learn to accept them: respect their personal space, not require excessive social activity, give time to think and make decisions. In addition, each character trait can be represented both as positive and negative - it all depends only on the angle of view.

For example, introverts are prone to slowness or ... are distinguished by thoroughness and are able to fully concentrate on the task at hand. And the contact of extroverts is easy to imagine as frivolity and superficiality in relations with people.

Subtypes

In addition to the fact that introversion itself can be weaker or stronger in a person, it can also be of various types.

If we return to Jung again, then in addition to dividing on the basis of extraversion / introversion, the psychiatrist singled out personality types according to the predominance of the so-called mental function: sensation, thinking, feeling or intuition. For the thinking type, the main thing is logic and intellect, for the sensing type - practical application and benefit, for the sensual - the emotional state of oneself and others, for the intuitive - ideas and self-expression.

Accordingly, many combinations are possible: a mental introvert, an intuitive extrovert, and so on and so forth... Such a classification underlies the well-known division by socionic types. You can often find slightly different sounding formulations. For example, an emotional introvert is an introvert with a predominance of the sensual function.

But there is another typology. It is completely new (it was first presented to the scientific community in 2011), but it has already received a large number of positive reviews and is of interest not only to psychologists, but also to ordinary people. It was proposed by the American psychology professor Jonathan Cheek.

So, according to Chick, there are four types of introversion: social, thoughtful, reserved, and anxious.

A social introvert is a person who, in general, feels the need to be among his own kind, but just to be, and not to actively interact with them. This type works better individually, not in a team. Among a small group of close people, he can even be the soul of the company. Only now it is not so easy to be a member of this circle of the elite: a social introvert is very selective in contacts.

A thoughtful introvert attaches great importance to the inner work that his consciousness does every day: for him, it is more real than the life around. Thoughts, feelings, experiences, observations, constant analysis of all this ... It is often said about such people that they live in their own world. An artist, writer, designer and other creative professions are perfect for thoughtful introverts, allowing them to fully express their rich imagination and individuality.

What is anxious introversion? With her, loneliness is more of a forced measure than a conscious choice. A person likes clear rules and predictability and feels comfortable in those situations where he can get both.

The restrained type is unhurried, thorough, sometimes giving the impression of being clumsy. He always needs a little more time to adapt than others (at a new place of work, in a new city, when setting a new task, even after getting up in the morning). But the depth and balance of his judgments can amaze.

In conclusion, let us recall that Jung himself noted: pure extroverts and pure introverts do not meet, but each person tends to a greater extent to one or another pole. It’s the same with subtypes: you can recognize yourself in several descriptions at once, and this is absolutely normal.

In any case, we emphasize once again: saying about yourself “I am an introvert” does not mean admitting that something is wrong with you. It means understanding yourself and thinking about how to get the most out of your character traits. What do you want! Author: Evgenia Bessonova

Fragment of the book Marty Laney. Benefits of being an introvert. - M.: Mann, Ivanov and Ferber, 2013.

In this book, a practicing psychotherapist and a leading U.S. expert on introversion combines his wealth of experience and scientific research to dissuade introverts from the fact that something is wrong with them and help them see and appreciate their strengths - analytical skills, creativity. , the ability to high concentration. In addition, the book contains practical advice on how to improve relationships with people of different temperaments in the family, at work and among friends.

The founder of this theory, Carl Gustav Jung, believed that extraversion and introversion are innate properties that have a physiological basis. Modern science has confirmed the correctness of his intuitive guesses. He argued that we can best adapt in this world by moving along a continuum from the introverted to the extroverted end of the spectrum when we need to. According to Jung, apart from extremes, one can be at any point on the continuum, and this is quite normal. However, we are always pulled in one direction more than the other. We all have a “comfort niche” where we function best. Jung believed that the child would be greatly harmed if he was pushed outside the natural area of ​​\u200b\u200bhis temperament in the process of education, since this is “violence of the innate predisposition of the individual.” He was convinced that this leads to mental illness. However, Jung pointed out that other points on the continuum are available to us. And the ability to move around it can improve our awareness of the whole process. Jung believed that if a person functions outside of his natural niche (extrovert or introvert), additional energy is spent, and no new one is produced. But if you learn how to accumulate energy and thus create its reserve, then you can effectively use it in a less natural environment for yourself. The basic differences between introverts and extroverts are as follows. The main thing that distinguishes an introvert from an extrovert is the source of energy. Extroverts are energized by the outside world - activities, people, places and things. They are energy wasters. Long periods of inactivity, inner contemplation, loneliness or communication with only one person deprive them of a sense of the meaning of life. However, extroverts need to alternate times when they are most active with intervals of just being, otherwise they will get lost in the whirlwind of hectic activity. Extroverts are easy to express themselves, focused on results, love the crowd and action. Most of them like to communicate, engage in some kind of activity, work with people, be in the thick of things and events. Contrary to popular belief, they do not necessarily have a light and cheerful nature, it is just that their focus is always outside their personality. Extroverts easily waste energy and often cannot stop. They quickly recuperate by doing something outside the home, organizing active leisure. Extroverts can experience loneliness and feel empty when they are not in contact with people or the outside world. It is often difficult for them to relax and give their body a rest. Introverts, for their part, find a source of energy in their inner world of ideas, emotions and impressions. Contrary to popular belief, they are not necessarily quiet or withdrawn people. The focus of their attention is simply within their own personality. They need a quiet place where they can think carefully and recharge their energy. They conserve energy. The outside world quickly puts them into a state of overexcitation, and they have an unpleasant feeling that there is "too much" of something. This can manifest itself in nervousness or, conversely, apathy. Therefore, introverts need to limit social contacts so as not to be completely devastated. Nevertheless, they need to supplement the time spent alone with the time spent in society, otherwise they may lose their vision of perspective, relationships with others and generally communication with the outside world. Introverts, able to balance their energy needs, have stamina and perseverance things independently, focus deeply and work creatively. The next difference between introverts and extroverts is their sense of external arousal and response to external stimuli. Extroverts are comfortable in an atmosphere of constant action. Extroverts like to experience more emotions and new experiences, while introverts like to know more about what they are experiencing. Introverts are characterized by a high degree of internal activity, and everything that comes from the outside world very quickly raises their level of tension. Introverts, often without even understanding why, try to regulate the feeling of tension by limiting the flow of information from outside. Introverts are not intimidated by the complexity when they can focus on one or two activities and do not have to work under stress. But if too many different things pile on, they quickly feel overwhelmed. Being around other people already overexcites introverts. Energy drains from them when they are in a crowd, classroom, or noisy, nerve-wracking environment. They may like people very much, but after talking with one person for a while, introverts usually feel a strong desire to leave, take a break, "take a breath." Extroverts also need breaks, but for other reasons. For example, if they go to the library, they stay in a state of learning for a very short time (internal process) and soon begin to feel the need to walk between the shelves, go to vending machines, talk to people (external process). Communication breaks can increase arousal in extroverts and decrease it in introverts. Extroverts feel the need to recharge the more they feel the lack of excitement inside. The third difference between extroverts and introverts is the perception of the concepts of breadth and depth. In general, extroverts prefer a wide range: to have many friends, experiences, understand a little of everything, be generalists. What they learn from the environment, as a rule, does not deepen when processing the experience gained. Introverts prefer depth and limit impressions, but in each they reach the very source. They usually have few friends, but very close ones. Their mind absorbs information from the environment and then analyzes and expands it. Introverts like to explore a subject, going to the very roots, looking for the “richness” of a few experiences rather than variety. It is enough for them to discuss one or two topics in a conversation, otherwise it begins to seem to them that they are overwhelmed with thoughts. So, the main differences between an extrovert and an introvert. Extrovert:

• Likes to be in the thick of things.
• He loves variety, the same thing bothers him.
• I know a lot of people and considers them friends.
• She enjoys talking to people, even strangers.
• The action charges him, eagerly grabs the next thing.
• Speaks or acts without having to think first.
• In general, this is a rather energetic person.
• Tends to talk more than listen.

Introvert:

• Prefers to relax alone or in a narrow circle of close friends.
• He considers friends only those with whom he has a deep relationship.
• Needs to rest after some activity, even if it is entertainment.
• Seems calm, balanced, likes to watch.
• As a rule, first he thinks, and then he speaks or acts.
• Feels empty in the head when in a group of people or under stress.
• Dislikes feeling overworked.

The simplest way to diagnose temperament is as follows. If you're still not sure what type you are, think about how to answer this question: Do you tend to feel closed off in a crisis, distancing yourself from everything, and reacting slowly? Or do you prefer to immediately move physically, do something without hesitation? In a stressful situation, we return to the most basic behavior model inherent in us by nature. If you tend to retreat and silence falls over you like a thick fog, then you are more of an introvert. If you are more extroverted, you react by immediately putting yourself on alert. There is value in both responses. If you're still unsure, ask yourself, "When do I feel more rested: after being passive (introverted) alone or actively (extroverted) being around people?" You can use the special online test Introvert or Extrovert. Temperament assessment. Introvert

introversion - extraversion- a common basis in psychology for categorizing or measuring personality traits. The most famous are two slightly different concepts of introversion-extroversion, belonging to Carl Gustav Jung and Hans Jürgen Eysenck.

According to Jung, extraversion is manifested in the orientation of a person's libido to the outside world, in the fact that an extravert prefers the social and practical aspects of life to immersion in the world of imagination and reflection. The introvert, on the other hand, prefers reflection and imagination to operations with real external objects.

Psychology knows two fundamentally different personality types: extroverts and introverts.

Extroverts are a type of personality (or behavior) that is oriented in its manifestations outside, to others.

Introverts - a type of personality (or behavior), oriented inward or on oneself.

Extroverts are characterized by behavior in which a person seeks:

• to communicate with people
• attention from others,
• participating in public speaking
• participation in crowded events and parties.

An extrovert can be an excellent toastmaster, an organizer (often on a voluntary basis), an official who manages people, an artist or an entertainer.

Introverts are characterized by behavior that is more associated with comfortable loneliness, internal reflections and experiences, creativity or observation of the process. An introvert can be an excellent scientist, researcher, observer, writer, or self-employed person. If an extrovert needs the presence of other people for comfort, then an introvert is comfortable working alone.

Over time, Jung significantly revised his views on extraversion-introversion. First, he singled out a number of independent factors (psychological functions) that he previously included in the composition of extraversion-introversion: thinking, feeling (experience), sensation, intuition. Secondly, starting with his programmatic work Psychological Types (1920), he spoke not of extroverts and introverts, but of the extraversion or introversion of the dominant function. That is, he wrote that one of the functions can dominate in the psyche of an individual person - extraverted or introverted thinking, feeling, sensation, intuition, while in the psyche there was a place for other functions that played an auxiliary role or were forced out into the unconscious.

Eysenck, borrowing these concepts from Jung, fills them with a slightly different content - for Eysenck, these concepts are the poles of the superfactor - a complex of correlated personality traits that is genetically determined. The typical Eysenck extrovert is sociable, optimistic, impulsive, has a wide circle of acquaintances and little control over emotions and feelings. On the contrary, the typical introvert is calm, shy, withdrawn from everyone except close people, plans his actions in advance, loves order in everything and keeps his feelings under strict control.

In psychiatry, the typology of Leonhard is widespread, who borrowed the earliest interpretation of this term according to Jung and rethought it: according to Leonhard, an extrovert is a weak-willed person subject to outside influence, an introvert is a strong-willed person. At the same time, Leonhard's typology is psychiatric, not psychological, and refers primarily to pathologies. If we are not talking about pathologies, then close to the interpretation of Leonhard (but not Jung) of this term are such terms of psychology as locus of control (internal and external), externalism and internalism (Akoff and Emery), etc.

The terms "extraversion" and "introversion" are also used in the Myers-Briggs typology, in socionics, in psychosophy, in the NEO-PI-R test and in a number of other modern questionnaires and diagnostic methods, where their interpretation has its own specifics.

At its core, introversion is a type of temperament. This is not at all like shyness or aloofness, it is not a pathology. In addition, this personality trait cannot be changed, even if you really want to. But you can teach to work with it, not against it.

The most important distinguishing feature of introverts lies in the source of energy: introverts draw energy from their inner world of ideas, emotions and impressions. They conserve energy. The outside world quickly puts them into a state of overexcitation, and they have an unpleasant feeling when something is “too much”. This can manifest itself in nervousness or, conversely, in apathy. In any case, they need to limit social contacts so as not to be completely devastated. However, introverts need to supplement their time alone with time out into the outside world, otherwise they may lose their sense of perspective and connection with other people. Introverts, who are able to balance energy needs, have resilience and perseverance, can look at things independently, focus deeply and work creatively.

What are the most characteristic qualities of extroverts? They are charged with energy from the outside world - from actions, people, places and things. They are energy wasters. Long periods of inactivity, inner contemplation, or loneliness, or communication with only one person deprives them of the sense of the meaning of life. However, extroverts need to supplement the time they spend in action with intervals of just being, otherwise they will get lost in the whirlwind of hectic activity. Extroverts have a lot to offer our society: they express themselves easily, focus on results, love crowds and action.

Introverts are like a rechargeable electric battery. They need to periodically stop, stop wasting energy and rest in order to recharge again. It is the opportunity to recharge that provides introverts with a less exciting environment. In it, they restore energy. This is their natural ecological niche.

Extroverts are like solar panels. For them, the state of loneliness or being inside is like being under heavy, dense clouds. Solar panels need the sun to recharge - extroverts need to be in public for this. Like introversion, extroversion is a temperament with a constant pattern of action. It cannot be changed. You can work with her, but not against her.

Introvert or extrovert - who is it? Introvert or extrovert - how to know who I am?

Sometimes a person thinks about who he is - an introvert or an extrovert. What are these concepts? To understand, you need to know some terms generally accepted in psychology.

How do you know if a person is an introvert or an extrovert? Who is it?

A person's character is a combination of actions, habits and skills. His features are certain habits and specific skills. And it is they who dictate how a person should act in this situation. But, in addition to the habits and skills formed during life, the character can be attributed to one of the psychological types that also affect his actions. An introvert and an extrovert - who they are, what character traits they have, psychologists can say more accurately.

Concepts

The terms "extrovert" and "introvert" have been known for a long time, but Carl Jung firmly introduced them into everyday life at the beginning of the 20th century. These are two completely opposite personality types. It is believed that each person has features of both types, but one prevails.

An extrovert is a person who loves to communicate. He may have a rich inner world, but he does not really pay attention to it, but only if it is necessary to achieve some goal.

An introvert is a person who is immersed in himself. And yet, if necessary, he can communicate with people, but only as much as necessary. The definition of a personality type is based on a combination of such qualities as ambition, activity, assertiveness, sociability and talkativeness. To answer the question: “Are you an introvert or an extrovert?”, we need to consider each type separately in more detail. And only then you can draw some conclusions.

extrovert

An extrovert is a person who seeks to communicate with people. He likes the attention of others. He easily makes new acquaintances, participates in social events, often speaks to the public. Affable, has many friends, very ambitious and assertive. These are the words to describe an extrovert.

These people do not tolerate loneliness, they are very dependent on the opinions of others, which makes them easy to influence. An extrovert can become an excellent toastmaster, artist, politician or official. But he must keep his aggressiveness under control, try to limit the propensity for risk and the desire to act on the spur of the moment.

Introvert

An introvert is a person who is pessimistic, withdrawn, always keeps his emotions under control. He is shy and reserved. He likes to be quiet and alone. An introvert prefers books to society. He rarely makes new acquaintances, and if he becomes someone's friend, then the most reliable and for life. He never acts contrary to his beliefs, but if suddenly this does happen, the introvert will suffer and worry for a long time. For better or worse, such people are practically not amenable to other people's influence and always have their own point of view. One of the most valuable qualities of this type of personality is that a person rarely crosses the generally established norms of behavior.

Introverts make great scientists, researchers, writers, or entrepreneurs. After all, for them, the creative process is more important than the final result. Introverted children are quiet and excellent students who can never stand up for themselves and fight back. And all because they are very kind, even too much. Many people use this, especially if they want to cheat on a test. Introvert men become henpecked, but women of this type feel much more comfortable in marriage than extroverts.

Where and why did such differences between people appear?

Carl Jung suggested that everything is connected with the source of energy, which determines the type of person (ie, introvert or extrovert). Its restoration plays a big role in the well-being and life of everyone. This usually happens during sleep, when the physical body is resting, and the mental one simply experiences the thoughts and sensations that a person experienced during the day. A human biofield can also receive a portion of energy through nutrition and breathing, but it is not as significant as restored during sleep. This scenario of obtaining energy is only suitable for introverts. In the morning they feel fresh and rested.

For extroverts, for a full-fledged life, additional energy is needed, since they simply do not have enough energy restored overnight. Where can I get it? Only in the outside world. Therefore, they so often need attention, they try with all their might to attract it to themselves and get their portion of energy from other people. It is with this that the concept of "energy vampirism" is connected. This is a category of extroverts who get energy by harming others, provoking people into scandals and quarrels, in which there is a huge release of energy.

That is why many who are under such an attack feel devastated and tired. Fortunately, there are significantly fewer such extroverts than representatives of another category who are energized by doing good and helping people. They like to be useful and at the same time, thanks to their good deeds, to be in the center of attention.

Who is easier to live in our world?

Many people think about who adapts more easily in life - an introvert or an extrovert. After some observations, we can say with confidence that it is easier for an extrovert to adapt.

After all, the attention of most people in society is focused on the world around us. And yet, by creating all the necessary conditions for himself - solitude and silence, an introvert can fully reveal his potential, just as an extrovert will bring great benefits to society by working in the best conditions for his type.

Who to be better?

It is impossible to say who is worse - an introvert or an extrovert. It's just not possible. Each personality type has both positive and negative traits. The best example of an introvert is a level-headed, calm person who looks to the heart of things, while an extrovert can be completely frivolous about them. As a complete antipode of a positive introvert, you can imagine a loser nerd or a programmer in torn jeans, whose hair is tousled, and his thoughts hover somewhere far from the surrounding reality.

Communication of two types

Very often, these two types cannot understand each other due to the fact that they may have different reactions to the same events. And it confuses both of them. Introverts do not like to take the initiative. At their core, they are reinsurers, which greatly hinders them in a team where speed of decision-making is valued. At the same time, they are excellent strategists. Extroverts are impulsive and ready to fight here and now. They are interested in tactics and immediate victory.

And cautious introverts in the team only interfere with them. It does not matter that the latter can see the situation more deeply and predict its outcome in the distant future. In fact, introverts are gray cardinals who prefer to observe what is happening from the side, while extroverts crave to be in the center of events.

Sooner or later, every person asks the question: "How do I know if I'm an introvert or an extrovert?" And he begins to look for answers in books on psychology. After passing many tests, the results of which are rather contradictory, he finally gets lost in a sea of ​​information and terms. But the easiest way to start is to compile a comparative table that will clearly show whether this user is an introvert or an extrovert. It should describe all the traits of your character and check with the data found in books or, for example, in this article.

Conclusion

It doesn't matter if you are an introvert or an extrovert. This is not a verdict. Knowing about the positive qualities of your psychological type, you can purposefully reveal them and achieve stunning success in your chosen field. In addition, every person, regardless of whether they are an introvert or an extrovert (who they are, we have already described in detail), familiar with these concepts and with the character traits inherent in each of these types, can communicate perfectly with everyone, easily finding the key to them. .

What is an introvert

Igor Nemaltsev

An introvert is someone who "twirls" everything in himself. Well, that is, he generally considers everything through his own prism, looking for mechanisms of relationships with the outside world (with other people) in his internal reserves. Based on their views. An extrovert is the one who "twirls" all events and relationships trying on society, "society. - it's accepted" "it's supposed to be", he is more focused not on his own world but on the world around him. These are rather superficial definitions (introvert, extrovert), popularization, very simplified, but generally true. Generally speaking, these words, these personal psychological characteristics - an introvert and an extrovert, are most often used in everyday life and will be used in these superficial meanings, quite amateurishly. Just because these terms are used very truncated, conditionally, well, something like in horoscopes, I'm Cancer ... or Aquarius there, etc. There is no need to delve into the meanings of these psychological types. In fact ... these are very capacious and difficult concepts. These are the scientific works of psychologists of the level of Jung, - (a value equal to Freud_) ... everything is much more complicated there.

"Makar"

Introversion - extraversion - a common basis in psychology for categorizing or measuring personality traits. The most famous are two slightly different concepts of introversion - extraversion, belonging to Carl Gustav Jung and Hans Jurgen Eysenck.

Very good conversationalist ;)

An introvert is
totality
characteristics
personality. Main
manifestation
introversion
can serve
orientation
human attention to
more inner world,
than external.
For example, a person
more like
feel your emotions
feelings, sensations,
understand them than
manifestations of external
peace. And therefore
introverts sometimes
evaluated as
closed silent
people who love
to be in
loneliness. Actually
actually it's just
peculiarities
distribution
attention between
internal and external
side of the world.
(The philosopher gave / gave
meaning of the word
introvert)
An introvert is one
from mental
type characteristics
personality, which
determined
isolation
person from outside
world and environment.
An example from the literature
- famous
Chekhov character
story "The Man in
case".
The opposite
this type of personality
is an extrovert
which is opposite
directed outward.
(Student-botanist gave /
gave the meaning of the word
introvert)

What is an introvert? Who is an extrovert?

What is an introvert?

Who is an extrovert?

How to distinguish an introvert from an extrovert?

Semyon Viktorov

Of all the theory and practice of psychology, these are the two most easily distinguishable categories.

In simple words: introvert - directed inward, into oneself; extrovert - outward, to people.

The most elementary test: how can a person find their way in an unfamiliar city? An introvert - himself on the map, an extrovert - will ask for directions from others.

But the information is more complicated: it is believed that introverts are theorists, extroverts are practitioners. The main driving force of scientific and technological progress is introverts, scientists, "nerds-nerds". And extroverts are the embodiment of their ideas. And the most dangerous thing in human society is when extroverts, traditionally slightly despising introverts, begin to move their own ideas. They try to pretend to be "great thinkers" and begin to implement their own projects. What comes out of this is known from the history of human civilization. Tons of examples.

Quiet, modest and inconspicuous introverts should not be underestimated. These are our brain...

An extrovert is focused on the external environment, the people around him. Introvert - on himself (his thoughts, his experiences). Therefore, extroverts are more relaxed, more sociable, and it is important for them to be around people. And introverts do not need constant communication and are burdened by large companies. For them, solitude is preferable. They are absolutely not bored with themselves.

But even with this information, you can’t immediately determine an introvert in front of you or an extrovert. Only a long acquaintance with a person will help to understand who he really is.

lander

An introvert is a person closed in himself, touchy, suspicious, distrustful, these are melancholic and phlegmatic people, and an extrovert, on the contrary, is a person who is constantly in front of everyone, with a mouth that does not close and a huge inner and outer world, these are choleric and sanguine people.

How often do we hear these words as characteristics, used in different contexts and with different meanings. So who are these introverts and extroverts? Understanding is not so difficult - we see "live examples" at every step. The term itself came to us from psychology, pointing to a certain set of personality traits, in general, predetermining a person's attitude towards himself, others and the world around him. However, extraversion or introversion is most clearly manifested in interpersonal relationships, which we will talk about.

The easiest way to describe these types in a nutshell would be like this: extroverts prefer an active social life, and introverts - their own inner world. Based on the explanations of the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung, introversion or extraversion are ways of realizing internal energy, one way or another wanting to be transformed into action. Accordingly, extroverts indulge in dreams, fantasies, creativity and philosophical research, and introverts - communication, friendships, work, knowledge of the world.
Extroverts love to perform in public, to be participants in noisy, fun holidays, parties and events, as the saying goes *see others and show yourself*. Remember the toastmaster, the host of any show - and an extrovert will appear before you in all the "glory" of his own spiritual properties.

introverts rather, they are writers, artists, philosophers, scientists, theorists, people of creative, creative professions that require solitude, introspection or a thorough deepening into the subject being studied. To find peace of mind, an introvert needs peace and solitude, while an extrovert needs crowded meetings and everyone's attention.

It is worth focusing on what is rarely seen extroverts and introverts in "pure form". The unambiguous attribution of a person to one or another psychotype is incorrect and is nothing more than an ordinary formality, simplifying and stereotyping the attitude towards each other. In fact, everything is much more complicated, different scientists and psychologists identify from two to sixty factors that may indicate that a person belongs to an introversive or extraversive type. According to Carl Jung, who can rightly be considered the founding father of this classification, there are four main indicators (functions) that determine whether a person is an extrovert or an introvert. These are thinking, feeling, sensation and intuition. Their recombinations give rise to many subtypes, which, in turn, have given rise to various discussions and other classifications of psychotypes.

Personality type ( extrovert or introvert) is a person's way of responding. Since our life and events in it are very diverse, we are forced to quickly adapt to changing environmental conditions. This explains the fact that an extrovert in general can be an introvert in details, and vice versa. So, for example, an extrovert can be a wonderful manager, not depend on the team and perform their duties perfectly. However, wanting to get a promotion, he will simply have to lead an active life, communicate with colleagues, speak to an audience, and so on. That is, to acquire the qualities of an extrovert, while remaining a true introvert in the soul.

Personality type can change with age (although rarely and often - not very dramatically). The better expressed introversion or extraversion, the less comfortable a person will feel in conditions that do not correspond to his spiritual life. The most serious psychological restructuring of a mature person occurs after 40 years. At this point, abrupt changes in the nature and way of responding can occur. Don't worry too much about this - just support your favorite introvert or extrovert, whoever he is.