In 2017, more than 700,000 people took the exam. This is twice the number of all the inhabitants of Iceland! Future graduates, as well as teachers and parents with bated breath are waiting for news about the next changes in 2018. Maria Kucherova talks about new assessment criteria, essay topics and shows what their developers say about assignments.
For those who are preparing for the main school exam
The 2018 graduation campaign was no exception. And so far, the parent community has not received an answer to the question: do the annual changes in the KIMs of the Unified State Examination contradict Part 2 of Article 21 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Let's leave the protection of the legal rights of minors to parents and lawyers, I propose to get acquainted in detail with what awaits us this academic year. I propose to go through all the subjects and tell as much as possible about each.
Final essay, compulsory exam
On September 1, 2017, the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation O. Yu. Vasilyeva and Advisor to the President of the Russian Federation, great-great-grandson of L. N. Tolstoy, V. I. Tolstoy announced five topics for the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year:
- Loyalty and betrayal;
- Indifference and responsiveness;
- Aims and means;
- Courage and cowardice;
- Man and society.
These are approximate directions for topics for the final essay; graduates will learn specific formulations at the exam itself. The work is evaluated as usual - according to the “pass-fail” system, as arguments, you can use literary examples both from the school curriculum and not included in it.
There will be a written exam December 6, 2017. In case of an unsatisfactory result, it will be possible to rewrite the final essay February 7 and May 16, 2018. They promise to 2019 year, the final essay will not undergo any serious changes.
Russian language, compulsory exam
There are no major innovations this year. However, you need to know that there are changes in the system for evaluating examination tasks in the Russian language. The maximum primary score is now increased to 58 (was 57 before). Basically, the changes in KIMs are associated with the expansion of the language material and the range of skills being tested, an excerpt of a poetic text was introduced.
An example of a new task from the FIPI demonstration materials
This and all subsequent examples are taken from the FIPI 2018 Demo Materials.
In 2018, graduates will not pass the oral part in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language for sure. Approbation of this exam will be held in the ninth grade in three regions of the Russian Federation: the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Tatarstan and the Moscow Region.
Here is first-hand information, from Tsybulko Irina Petrovna, a leading researcher at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FIPI", the head of the Federal Subject Commission on the Russian Language, a candidate of pedagogical sciences.
Mathematics, compulsory exam, there are basic and specialized levels
No changes. Thank God, so far nothing new has been invented. Baseline and profile levels are preserved. It is necessary to make a choice before 1st of February 2018 of the year. The number of tasks, evaluation criteria - everything is the same as last year.
We learn a lot of useful information about the USE in mathematics from Ivan Yashchenko, head of the Federal Commission for the Development of KIM in Mathematics.
Literature, profile exam of choice
There are a lot of changes here. The developers finally heard the criticism and began to make changes. However, it is still far from ideal.
If you have specific claims or suggestions on the USE materials, you can send them to the email address: [email protected] Until September 30, 2017, FIPI invites the expert and professional communities to take part in the discussion of the draft examination materials for 2018.
According to the statistics of the Unified State Examination in literature, only 5% of graduates choose, but this is not a reason to believe that their developers do not need to work substantively with control and measuring materials. I would like the high scores for the Unified State Exam in literature not to be equated with a real order of courage.
In the Unified State Exam in Literature 2018, the requirements for completing two tasks have been clarified and the fourth topic of the essay has been introduced. The maximum initial score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 (as much as 15 points have been added), which means that the assessment criteria have changed a lot. These criteria have been completely reworked in tasks with a detailed answer. 8, 9, 15 and 16. AT tasks 9 and 16 now it will not be necessary to justify the choice of an example for comparison. The most important change is the introduction of the fourth theme of the essay, which tests knowledge on the latest domestic literature.
Sergey Zinin, head of the Federal Commission for the Development of KIM in Literature, believes that the usual model for passing the exam in literature has proven itself well, and the accumulative principle of test scores has been fully worked out.
History, profile exam of choice
There are no changes in 2017-2018. Everyone has already heard that 2020 The USE in History will become mandatory for all graduates. Today, this profile exam is chosen by about 20% of graduates. Whether the basic and profile level of the Unified State Examination in history (by analogy with mathematics) will be introduced in 2020, no one knows yet.
Igor Artasov, Deputy Head of the Federal Commission for the Development of KIMs for History, told last year what was new in the assignments. All these changes will also apply to the exam in the history of 2018. He also told how satisfied teachers are with modern history textbooks and how many hours a week it takes to know history well.
Social studies, profile subject of choice
The Unified State Examination in Social Studies is the most popular subject of all elective subjects: an average of 55% of graduates take it. The changes affected primarily the evaluation criteria. The maximum primary score increased from 62 to 64 points. This is due to the fact that the grading system for tasks 28 and 29 has changed. In task 29, the wording is detailed.
It's nice when Tatyana Liskova, head of the FKR in social studies, sincerely thanks teachers for their work and notes that officials see the results of their great efforts.
Physics, profile exam of choice
The maximum primary score for the USE in physics increased by two points (from 50 to 52 points). This is due to the fact that a new task was added to the test part of the KIMs No. 24. The developers decided that the tasks of the basic part of the exam must include a task in astrophysics.
Marina Demidova, head of the Federal Commission for the Development of KIM in Physics, tells how to pass physics with 100 points and what is the contribution of MEPhI to the creation of assignments. Special thanks to Maxim from Moscow for his question on the phone at the very end of the video (twentieth minute). True, there is still no reasoned answer.
Chemistry, profile exam of choice
Only one task #30 has been added, but it is of increased difficulty. Despite the innovation, the number of maximum primary scores remained unchanged - 60, as the criteria for evaluating the basic part of the Unified State Exam in chemistry have changed.
Dmitry Dobrotin, Deputy Head of the Federal Commission for the Development of CIM for GIA, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, tells how to prepare for the exam. It would be nice for the Federal Antimonopoly Service, it seems to me, to pay attention to the comments after the question about manuals for preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry (at the eleventh minute). The question from the mother of a graduate from the North-Eastern District of Moscow is also very curious (twelfth minute). However, like the answer.
Biology, profile exam of choice
There were huge changes in 2016-2017, so this year you can breathe freely - there will be no innovations in the KIMs of the Unified State Examination this year. Biology is chosen by about 18% of graduates, and for them the news is good. Congratulations on this future doctors, veterinarians, ecologists! After all, they have chosen very respected and necessary professions. Moreover, many people know what difficulties they will face in the summer, everyone knows how difficult it is to enter medical universities on the budget.
Valeryan Rokhlov, head of the Federal Commission for the Development of KIM in Biology, told a lot of "interesting" things about tutoring.
Geography, profile exam of choice
Over the past two years, the geography exam has undergone significant changes. There are no innovations this year. The 3% of graduates who annually choose the USE in geography can relax a bit.
Vadim Barabanov, head of the Federal Commission of KIM Developers for Geography, explains why out of 34 tasks only 9 (!) directly cite materials from school textbooks. By the way, he is not very happy with the textbooks.
Informatics, profile exam of choice
Approximately 7% of all graduates choose computer science every year. This year there are changes in the KIMs of the Unified State Examination in this academic subject.
The possibility of writing an algorithm in natural language was removed from the exam paper in computer science due to the lack of demand for this possibility by the exam participants. Examples of program texts and their fragments in the conditions of tasks in the C language have been replaced with examples in the C ++ language, as it is much more relevant and common. This affected tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25.
Vyacheslav Leshchiner, researcher at FIPI, developer of the Unified State Examination in Informatics, finally explains why the Unified State Examination in Informatics is not performed at the computer, advises in what sequence tasks should be solved, and admits that some students are smarter than inspectors.
Foreign language, profile exam of choice
You can still take this exam in four languages: English, German, French and Spanish. There are those who want to take Chinese, but so far everything is at the level of conversations. Approximately 10% of school graduates pass the USE in foreign languages, the vast majority choose English.
From 2022, the USE in foreign languages will become a mandatory exam. Whether KIMs will change by this period is still unknown.
In 2018, the changes are minimal: the criteria for assessing the performance of tasks 39 and 40 have been clarified. The fact is that the USE KIMs in foreign languages have only recently been updated. Now there is a listening and oral part of the exam.
Maria Verbitskaya, head of the developers of the KIM USE in foreign languages, demonstrates her “Oxford” pronunciation and tells how the USE has positively influenced the knowledge of foreign languages among modern schoolchildren.
And she also came up with a new phrase “one hundred and eighty ten minutes” (twentieth minute of the video).
The Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements has published a draft of changes to the USE 2018 - this will affect seven school subjects. The Unified State Exam changes from year to year, and there are two main areas of change: the complexity of tasks and the clarification of criteria.
Russian language: 1 new task was added before the text: task No. 20 on knowledge of lexical norms, which tests the ability to find a speech error in a sentence and correct it. The task is estimated at 1 point, the basic level of difficulty. In the demo version, an example with pleonasm / lexical redundancy is presented, the essence of the task is to find and write out an extra word. Thus, now there will be 26 tasks in the USE in the Russian language. Some classic tasks have undergone point meaningful changes. In task No. 23 (former 22), the wording with the meaning of the word is clarified: its stylistic affiliation is indicated (“write out the book word”). In task No. 24 (former 23), now they can check the knowledge of the digits of numbers. In task No. 25 (former 24 - review), the list of terms has been expanded: knowledge of the classification of one-component sentences is checked (most likely, other similar terms will appear in tasks Nos. 23-25). The wording of the essay has been clarified (task No. 26). The requirement for criterion 3 has become more specific: "Formulate the position of the author (narrator)".
Physics: in the exam in physics this year again 32 assignments. The new task of the basic level of complexity is the last task of the first part (24th position), timed to coincide with the return of astronomy to the course of the school curriculum. The task has a characteristic of the type "choice of 2 judgments out of 5". In accordance with this task, the subsection "Elements of Astrophysics" of the section "Quantum Physics and Elements of Astrophysics" was added to the codifier, which includes the following items:
- Solar system: terrestrial planets and giant planets, small bodies of the solar system.
- Stars: a variety of stellar characteristics and their patterns. Sources of stellar energy.
- Modern ideas about the origin and evolution of the Sun and stars. Our galaxy. other galaxies. Spatial scales of the observable Universe.
- Modern views on the structure and evolution of the Universe.
Social science: in task number 3, a list of characteristics is presented, and not terms, as before. Probably now, both terms and characteristics can meet.
The wording of task No. 13 has been clarified. In task No. 26, a clarification has been added about the development of the examples given. For task No. 28, three evaluation criteria were identified: disclosure of the topic, the number of points of the plan, the correctness of the wording of the points and the sub-item of the plan. The maximum score for this task has increased to 4. The previously controversial issue of abstract points of the plan is now clearly described in the first criterion; if criterion 1 scores 0 points, the entire task is scored 0 points. The wording of task No. 29 has been expanded, now it more fully reflects the requirements of the exam. The list of evaluation criteria for task No. 29 has been changed. Now it is: disclosure of the meaning of the statement, the theoretical content of the mini-essay, the correctness of the use of concepts, theoretical positions, reasoning and conclusions, and the quality of the facts and examples given. The maximum score for the task has increased to 6. Thus, the maximum primary score has increased to 64.
Chemistry: the format of the former task No. 30 has changed, earlier it was given a chain of transformations that needed to be supplemented, now it is necessary to independently draw up an equation from the proposed substances, a new task has appeared. Items 30 and 31 are now worth 2 points, previously item 30 was worth 3 points. Last thing
the exam task is now rated at 3 points instead of 4. The maximum score for the exam has not changed, it is 60 points.
English language: the wording of the criteria has been clarified, they have become even more transparent and unambiguous. If there were questions before about what is considered a violation, there will be no more such questions. Comparison: 2017 (The task was completed in full: the content reflects all aspects specified in the task (full answers were given to all questions, three questions were asked on the specified topic); the style of speech was chosen correctly, taking into account the purpose of the statement and the addressee; the norms of politeness accepted in the language are observed ) 2018 (The task was completed in full: the content reflects all the aspects indicated in the task (full and accurate answers to all questions were given, three questions on the specified topic were asked correctly); the style of the speech was chosen correctly, taking into account the purpose of the statement and the addressee; the language accepted in norms of politeness (1 incomplete or inaccurate aspect is allowed)) The wording of task 4 in the "Speaking" block has been clarified.
Literature: mini-essays and scores have changed accordingly. Previously, for tasks No. 8, 9, 15, 16 they received 4 points each, now for Nos. 8 and 15 - 5 points each, for Nos. 9 and 16 - 10 points each. This was done in order to separate these tasks by complexity , because Nos. 9 and 16 are more difficult than Nos. 8 and 15. The criteria for these compositions have changed: before there were 2 criteria for Nos. 8 and 15 and one for Nos. 9 and 16, now there are 3 of them (added / separated factology), now speech errors are taken into account everywhere, earlier in Nos. 9 and 16 they were not taken into account. Another topic was added to the 17th essay, now there are 4 of them. The maximum score has been increased, now it is 15, not 14, the criteria have increased from 5 to 7. A new topic from the latest literature, which was not there before. The maximum score for the exam has increased from 43 to 57.
The analytics was prepared by the MAXIMUM training center.
We have become accustomed to the fact that each new academic year necessarily brings with it something new. Curricula are changing, new requirements for teaching are being introduced, methods of presenting material are being updated, and much more. Do not bypass innovations in the assessment of students' knowledge. What will be the USE 2018 - the most important test for graduates?
There will be no significant changes and innovations in the USE 2018. The Minister of Education of Russia O.Yu.Vasilyeva has repeatedly spoken about this. Olga Yuryevna is an adherent of gradual changes, which must be brought up for public discussion. Therefore, everything that is planned will be implemented gradually and systematically.
So, what changes will affect the graduates of 2018?
- The Russian language exam will no longer contain short answer tasks;
- It will be much easier to check the ability to analyze a work;
- There will be more proposed topics for essays, up to five;
- The minimum number of words in an essay will increase from 200 to 250;
- It is planned to introduce the oral part into the Russian language exam. Abandoning the test form completely is impractical. But it makes sense to make the exam partly test, and partly with “live” answers. Experts believe that the variety of control forms gives a more complete picture of the level of knowledge of the graduate, and the examiner has the opportunity to demonstrate his abilities in an expanded form;
- In 2018, a new exam and a new form of its conduct are expected. A comprehensive exam in natural science, which will include assessment of knowledge in chemistry, physics, biology and geography, will be called integrated. How the new exam will be built, what the requirements will be, there is no information yet. Yes, this is not the most important thing. For the successful passing of the exam, knowledge is important, first of all. Therefore, it is better for high school students to lean on the natural sciences now and be ready for a new test;
- And the most important change is that the assessment will take place according to a five-point system familiar to everyone.
Which subjects are required and which are optional?
The list in 2018 is planned to remain the same as in previous years. And this means that it is necessary to prepare in the Russian language and mathematics. A subject like history, which has long been wanted to be made mandatory, will be introduced in 2020.
In the meantime, the third exam can be, at the choice of graduates, history or social science, physics or chemistry, biology or geography, a foreign language or computer science and ICT, literature. Here, it is important for students to decide as early as possible on the choice of profession and the university in which they need to enter. The more time you have to prepare, the more likely you are to pass the exam well.
There are rumors...
As we can see, no special 2018 is expected, especially since this was officially announced in numerous interviews with the Minister of Education of Russia. And yet, different information wanders among the people. Most likely, these are rumors and conjectures, but, as they say, there is no smoke without fire. What are teachers, children and their parents talking about, what news from “verified” sources are they discussing?
English will be a mandatory exam in 2018
The issue of passing English by graduates of the eleventh grade has been raised for a long time. The topic is very relevant. The school aims to prepare children for adulthood, to make them competitive all over the world. Without communication skills, this is impossible, and knowledge of a foreign language is a key link in the adaptation of young people.
At the moment, a foreign language is a voluntary exam, and if desired, graduates can choose one of the five proposed languages - these are English, French, German, Spanish and Chinese.
In order for a foreign language to acquire the status of a mandatory USE exam, it is first necessary to increase the level of teaching of the subject. So only the 2022 graduates will be the first to pass the English language proficiency test.
USE will be canceled in 2018
Rumor has it that from 2018 the USE in the form in which children take it now will be canceled. Final exams will be held in the traditions of the old school, when for everyone it was not only a test of knowledge, but also a holiday. The USE, with its checks, escalating tension, and an imperfect assessment system, causes a negative attitude not only among schoolchildren, but also among teachers.
And yet, no one is going to cancel the exam. Transform and improve - yes. The final certification will undergo some of the changes mentioned above already in 2018.
Screening before the exam will be even more intensified
Before passing the exam, each examinee must undergo a screening. They say that in 2018, in addition to the metal detector and the presence of the police, a search will also be added. They will turn out pockets, inspect shoes for the presence of cribs. These are just rumors that escalate an already nervous situation and cause unjustified fear in children.
And really, there is nothing terrible. Yes, there will be metal detectors at the entrance to the auditorium. Surveillance cameras will be installed in corridors and offices. That's all. All these measures are aimed at ensuring that the assessment of knowledge is clean and fair.
It just so happened that the most accurate information about the conduct of the Unified State Exam becomes known and available only at the beginning of the current academic year. This means that surprises and surprises can be expected.
Video news
Passing a single test as a final school exam and at the same time passing to the country's universities is a familiar procedure, but the cancellation of the Unified State Examination was recently announced. The rumor excited the public, and the official website has not yet confirmed the information. The information on the pages of the resource is devoted to the tests of the current year, while schoolchildren and parents are experiencing understandable excitement.
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Every year, the format of the unified state exam causes controversy and rumors. This is due to the frequent changes that accompany the event. Editions during the existence of the Unified State Examination (since 2008) affected all the main components of the school test:
- procedural regulations for the conduct;
- validation rules and evaluation criteria;
- the content of the tests.
It is no wonder that the participants in the educational process experience a certain amount of confusion, asking a considerable number of questions, the main of which is: what will the USE 2018 be like?
USE and new educational trends
The fact that evaluation activities gravitate toward change is entirely justified. School programs are developing, and the content of tests is keeping up with them. This is normal even along with a somewhat negative attitude towards the procedure. Most of the claims are addressed to excessive demands. There are complaints about inconsistencies, often reaching criticism of the system as a whole. What is the USE and what is the position of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation?
The unified exam is a form of nationwide certification, which is carried out on the basis of programs developed for the secondary education segment (SEA). The basis of the exam is control and measuring materials (KIM). Sets of questions are developed in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and are provided on special forms. Answering tests in compulsory subjects should be in writing according to the schedule approved by the relevant department.
The system itself implies constant reform, but the abolition of the USE is out of the question, said the head of the educational department O. Vasilyeva. In order to eliminate errors, the Ministry of Education and Science and FIPI are constantly working on the project, which may lead to changes and transformations, but not cancel the approach itself. It is possible to correct the list of compulsory disciplines or introduce a single questionnaire for all general education subjects.
OGE as a rehearsal for the exam: how many subjects to take in grade 9?
In the 9th grade, Russian students take the main state exam - the OGE. For students, this is an opportunity to try their hand in anticipation of a more meaningful test. The final certification includes two subjects: Russian language and mathematics.
The current reform of the school certification system is being vigorously discussed by people's deputies. After analyzing their initiatives, we can derive a list of the most likely changes that may affect the OGE in 2018:
- Introduction of two more compulsory subjects.
- Increasing the number of disciplines to six closer to 2020.
- Revision of assessment criteria and raising the status of examination grades through inclusion in the certificate.
How many subjects to take in the 11th grade and will the new disciplines complement the USE?
In the 11th grade, the Russian language and the basic course of mathematics remained the basis of the USE. They were supplemented by subjects that are studied at the university chosen by the potential applicant. In 2018, their composition is unlikely to be adjusted, but changes in the general plan are predicted.
It is planned to include an essay in the Russian language testing. The innovations of the Ministry of Education are clearly aimed at reforms, not excluding the possibility of a revival of oral interviews. The number of attempts may increase. Each student will have the opportunity to re-take the exam, but no more than three times.
What is the minimum score required for the exam?
| Subject | Number of points (min.) |
| maths | 27 |
| Russian language | 36 |
| physics | 36 |
| chemistry | 36 |
| biology | 36 |
| geography | 37 |
| foreign language | 22 |
| story | 32 |
| social science | 42 |
| literature | 32 |
| informatics and ICT | 40 |
The Unified State Examination (USE) has undergone many changes since its introduction, and innovations at one time concerned the procedure for conducting the test, the rules for testing, and the composition of tasks.
The testing system had to be finalized several times, especially with the arrival of new people in the leadership of the Ministry of Education. It is not surprising that schoolchildren and their parents track the latest legislative initiatives in this matter every year.
What will changes in the exam 2018 it is not yet known exactly, but from the existing statements of representatives of the Ministry of Education, several future innovations can be distinguished.
Will the USE 2018 be canceled
Recently, the USE has been subject to frequent criticism from both teachers and students.
The main complaints relate to too high requirements for students, the often encountered absurdity of assignments and the lack of thought of the entire system as a whole. Because of this, rumors about the abolition of the exam often appear, and some deputies even prepare relevant bills. However, the position of the Ministry of Education on this issue remains unchanged - there is no question of the abolition of the USE.
Representatives of the department say that a lot of money and effort have been invested in the testing system, so it is not advisable to stop halfway and cross out all efforts. In addition, despite all the shortcomings, the exam has established itself as the most effective system for assessing the knowledge of graduates.
At the same time, the ministry agrees that many of the nuances of the USE need to be reviewed and improved. The exam will be reformed, but gradually, to make it easier for students to adapt to innovations.
Thus, the abolition of the exam in 2018 is not worth waiting for, but there will be changes in the exam.
Changes to the list of required exams
The main question that worries future graduates is what will be the list of compulsory subjects in 2018. Even earlier, Dmitry Litvinov, being the Minister of Education, stated that the list of disciplines that would be included in the Unified State Exam would expand to 6. As conceived by the then head of the Ministry of Education, in 2017 one more mandatory exam should have been added, and already in 2018 three at once - one required and two optional.
When the department was headed by Olga Vasilyeva, plans for the Unified State Examination changed: the new leader turned out to be an adherent of smooth reforms and refused to drastically transform the system. According to her plan, in the 2016-2017 academic years, schoolchildren will, as before, take an exam in three disciplines, two of which are mandatory and one is optional. This approach is due to the fact that it takes a lot of time to develop tasks for new subjects.
Teachers and graduates should know in advance which subjects they need to prepare for. However, already in 2018, the list of mandatory exams is planned to be supplemented with one more subject, although it is not yet known which one. Experts believe that, most likely, the exam in history will be the third one, because it is this discipline that is singled out as necessary for the education of patriotism in the future generation.
Another candidate for inclusion in the list of required exams is social studies. An analysis of the results of last year's USE showed that graduates most often prefer to take this particular subject. There is an opinion that students make such a choice because of the relative simplicity of the discipline, but if it is added to the list of mandatory exams, then the tasks will become much more difficult.
It is possible that graduates, along with mathematics and the Russian language, will have to take physics. Various deputies have repeatedly spoken out in favor of orienting education towards the exact sciences, in which they are supported by representatives of engineering universities. But such a choice is quite controversial, because not all students can master physics at a high level, and not so many graduates plan to receive higher education in the engineering field.
What other changes can we expect in 2018?
From the interview with Olga Vasilyeva, it is clear that the changes will primarily affect the literature exam, which causes perhaps the most debate among teachers and students. Thus, the Ministry of Education plans to exclude tasks with short answers, which are aimed at testing knowledge of terminology. According to the idea, the exam should become more creative, so the main focus will be on writing an essay.
Schoolchildren will be offered not three, but four or even five essay topics to choose from, which should make life easier for graduates. At the same time, the volume of the essay will be increased from 200 to 250 words.
The department also intends to facilitate the task of analyzing the work. Now the students have to compare the text presented in the task with two others that they must remember. After the changes have been made, students will need to provide only one text as an example.
The Ministry of Education will introduce grades for essays, instead of the current criteria of "passed" and "failed". In 2018, this task will be evaluated on a five-point scale.
Summing up, we can say that some changes are waiting, but they will not be as dramatic as many feared. The current composition of the Ministry of Education has taken a course towards a gradual reform of the USE system, and each innovation will be brought to the attention of the public by the department. This allows us to hope that the ministry will listen to the opinion of experts in the field of education and the wishes of students, as a result of which the USE will become a truly objective and useful exam.
