Japanese numbers at the beginning of the study raise many questions, since they have different pronunciations, actually Japanese, which is pronounced according to the kun reading of the hieroglyph and Chinese, pronounced according to the on reading of the hieroglyph. Learning numbers is not difficult, the main thing is to remember in which case kun or on reading is used.
Also, some numbers have two pronunciations - here it only remains to learn and remember in which combination this or that sound of the hieroglyph is pronounced.
Below are tables of abstract counting without application to days, years, number of objects, etc. It's like ours when we just count to ten: one, two, three, four, five, and so on. In this case, the Chinese pronunciation (one) is used.
Abstract counting numbers from zero to ten
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 零 | ゼロ、れい | zero, rei | zero |
| 1 | 一 | いち | ichi | one |
| 2 | 二 | に | ni | two |
| 3 | 三 | さん | san | three |
| 4 | 四 | し、よん | shi、yon | four |
| 5 | 五 | ご | go | five |
| 6 | 六 | ろく | roku | six |
| 7 | 七 | しち、なな | Shichi、nana | seven |
| 8 | 八 | はち | hachi | eight |
| 9 | 九 | く、きゅう | ku、kyu: | nine |
| 10 | 十 | じゅう | ju: | ten |
To help you with a children's video, you will not only remember the pronunciation of numbers from 0 to 10, but also hear how the Japanese do it, since in some numbers (including in subsequent digits) the sound is reduced or lengthened. It's always good to hear the pronunciation of a native speaker.
Numbers from 10 in Japanese
Japanese numbers after 10 are easy to remember, just learn the first ten. Each subsequent number is the result of adding 10 and the desired number. So 11 is 10+1, in Japanese it looks like this: 十 and 一 / じゅう + いち / ju:ichi
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 十一 | じゅういち | ju: ichi | eleven |
| 12 | 十二 | じゅうに | ju:ni | twelve |
| 13 | 十三 | じゅうさん | ju:san | thirteen |
| 14 | 十四 | じゅうし じゅうよん | ju:shi ju:yon | fourteen |
| 15 | 十五 | じゅうご | ju:go | fifteen |
| 16 | 十六 | じゅうろく | ju:roku | sixteen |
| 17 | 十七 | じゅうしち じゅうなな | ju:shichi ju:nana | seventeen |
| 18 | 十八 | じゅうはち | ju: hachi | eighteen |
| 19 | 十九 | じゅうきゅう じゅうく | ju: kyu: ju:ku | nineteen |
| 20 | 二十 | にじゅう | ni ju: | twenty |
Japanese tens count
As you noticed above, dozens in Japanese are obtained as follows: first, we call the desired number and add 10 to it. Visually, it looks like this - 2 * 10 = 20 / 二 and 十 / に and じ ゅう
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 十 | じゅう | ju: | ten |
| 20 | 二十 | にじゅう | niju: | twenty |
| 30 | 三十 | さんじゅう | sanju: | thirty |
| 40 | 四十 | しじゅう よんじゅう | shiju: yonju: | fourty |
| 50 | 五十 | ごじゅう | goju: | fifty |
| 60 | 六十 | ろくじゅう | rokuju: | sixty |
| 70 | 七十 | しちじゅう ななじゅう | shichiju: nanaju: | seventy |
| 80 | 八十 | はちじゅう | hachiju: | eighty |
| 90 | 九十 | きゅうじゅう | kyu:ju: | ninety |
| 100 | 百 | ひゃく | hyaku | hundred |
Remember:
- 九十 / きゅうじゅう / kyu: ju: /ninety
In this combination, there is only one pronunciation, you cannot use the second meaning of the number 9 (ku)
What will the number 38 look like? Correct: 3*10+8, 三十八 / さんじゅうはち /sanju: hachi,
In this video, you can get acquainted with Japanese numbers from the smallest to the largest. From the first time it may be difficult to understand everything, but when you master the Japanese account, in my opinion a very informative video.
Numbers in Japanese from 100
We learned above that 100 in Japanese reads like 百 / ひゃく / hyaku. The hundreds place is formed by combining 百 with the number we want. So the number 500 is the product of 5 and 100, i.e. we take the number 5 五 / ご / go and add 百 /ひゃく / hyaku= 五百 /ごひゃく / gohyaku.
At the same time, in the category of hundreds, as well as in the category of thousands, new rules for stunning, voicing and doubling sounds appear, this must be remembered!
If you have to say one hundred, then there is also a change in pronunciation 一百 / いっぴゃく / ipyaku
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | 百 | ひゃく | hyaku | hundred |
| 200 | 二百 | にひゃく | nihyaku | two hundred |
| 300 | 三百 | さんびゃく | sanbyaku | three hundred |
| 400 | 四百 | よんひゃく | yonhyaku | four hundred |
| 500 | 五百 | ごひゃく | gohyaku | five hundred |
| 600 | 六百 | ろっぴゃく | roppyaku | six hundred |
| 700 | 七百 | ななひゃく | nanahyaku | seven hundred |
| 800 | 八百 | はっぴゃく | happyaku | eight hundred |
| 900 | 九百 | きゅうひゃく | kyu:hyaku | nine hundreds |
| 1000 | 千 | せん | sen | one thousand |
The number 777, in Japanese, would look like this:
Number 357 - 三百五十七 / sanbyaku goju: nana
Japanese Count - Thousands
The principle of compiling numbers is the same as before, a thousand is added to the number, you just need to remember some features.
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000 | 千 | せん | sen | one thousand |
| 2000 | 二千 | にせん | Nisen | two thousand |
| 3000 | 三千 | さんぜん | sandzen | three thousand |
| 4000 | 四千 | よんせん | yonsen | four thousand |
| 5000 | 五千 | ごせん | gosen | five thousand |
| 6000 | 六千 | ろくせん | rokusen | six thousand |
| 7000 | 七千 | ななせん | nanasen | seven thousand |
| 8000 | 八千 | はっせん | hassen | eight thousand |
| 9000 | 九百 | きゅうせん | kyu:sen | nine thousand |
| 10000 | 万 | まん | man | ten thousand |
The number 1094 in Japanese would look like this: 千九十四 / せんきゅうじゅうよん / sen kyu: ju: yon
Number 6890 - 六千八百九十
Account from 10 000
- Units
- Tens of thousands (まん / man)
- Hundreds of millions (おく/oku）
Each class has 4 digits - units, tens, hundreds, thousands.
If our number looks like 000 000, then in Japan it is 0000 0000 . 1 mana is 10 thousand
1 0000 - まん - ten thousand
10 0000 - じゅうまん - one hundred thousand
100 0000 - ひゃくまん - one million
1000 0000 - せんまん - ten million
1 0000 0000 - おく - one hundred million
10 0000 0000 - じゅうおく - billion
100 0000 0000 - ひゃくおく - ten billion
1000 0000 0000 - せんおく - one hundred billion
1 0000 0000 0000 - ちょう - trillion
So the number 1 1111 is 一 万一千百十一 / いちまんいっせんひゃくじゅういち / ichimanissenhyaku ju:ichi
Japanese numerals
Next, let's take a look at the list of Japanese numerals. There are only ten of them and they are preserved from the old Japanese language. Previously, one in Japanese sounded like "hee", two - "fu", three - "mi", and so on. Japanese numerals are used in certain cases, such as:
- when you need to say the number of the month from one to ten. For example April 2 4月二日 / しがつ ふつか / shi gatsu futsuka
- when you need to say the number of days (from 1 to 10), expressing a period of time. For example: 3 days - 三日 / みっか / mikka
- when specifying the number of small items (cake, bag, chair, etc.)
- when ordering
- when indicating the age (if the counting suffix indicating the age さい) is not used, etc.
You can use such a hint that if the word is used in the interrogative sentence いくつ / ikutsu / how much?, then you should use numerals of Japanese origin in your answer. If the question consists of the Chinese (on) reading 何 / なん、なに / nan, nani / question word - what?, how much, then the numbers given in the tables above are used.
Table of Japanese numerals from one to ten
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 一つ | ひとつ | hitotsu | one |
| 2 | 二つ | ふたつ | footatsu | two |
| 3 | 三つ | みっつ | mitsu | three |
| 4 | 四つ | よっつ | yottsu | four |
| 5 | 五つ | いつつ | itsutsu | five |
| 6 | 六つ | むっつ | muttsu | six |
| 7 | 七つ | ななつ | nanatsu | seven |
| 8 | 八つ | やっつ | yattsu | eight |
| 9 | 九つ | ここのつ | kokonotsu | nine |
| 10 | 十 | とお | tō | ten |
And for clarity, in one table I will place Japanese numbers from 0 to 10 in onn and kun reading:
| Number | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (kun sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Hieroglyph | Hiragana (on sound) | Pronunciation (romaji) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 一つ | ひとつ | hitotsu | 一 | いち | ichi | one |
| 2 | 二つ | ふたつ | footatsu | 二 | に | ni | two |
| 3 | 三つ | みっつ | mitsu | 三 | さん | san | three |
| 4 | 四つ | よっつ | yottsu | 四 | し、よん | shi、yon | four |
| 5 | 五つ | いつつ | itsutsu | 五 | ご | go | five |
| 6 | 六つ | むっつ | muttsu | 六 | ろく | roku | six |
| 7 | 七つ | ななつ | nanatsu | 七 | しち、なな | Shichi、nana | seven |
| 8 | 八つ | やっつ | yattsu | 八 | はち | hachi | eight |
| 9 | 九つ | ここのつ | kokonotsu | 九 | く、きゅう | ku、kyu: | nine |
| 10 | 十 | とお | too | 十 | じゅう | ju: | ten |
The Chinese people have always been famous for their superstition and serious attitude towards legends and common traditions. This is especially true of the magic of numbers, which has been respected and even slightly feared since ancient times, because it can control people's lives. The number 4 in China is considered the most terrible. Thanks to this attitude of the Chinese, even the special term "theraphobia" arose - the fear of the number 4.
What is the reason for such fear? Everything is simple. The bottom line is that the number 4 in China sounds about the same as the word "death". Four is 四 Sì, death is 死亡 Sǐwáng.
Even the different spelling and tone of pronunciation could not save the number from such a sad fate.
To make it more clear, for the Chinese, four means the same as the number 13 for us. This is a devilish number that brings continuous trouble and trouble. By the way, in China they do not believe in the bad value of the number 13, however, in solidarity with European tourists, the Chinese also try not to use this number often.
The panic and fear that the number 4 sows with its presence in China among the local population led to the fact that the Government of the country had to resort to withdrawing this number from general circulation. Arriving in China and settling in a hotel, you will not be able to find in it either a floor or a room signed with the number four. Most often, staff use the substitution with the letter F, or simply the floor or number that follows the fourth in order is signed as the fifth. Signature 3 "a" is also used.
Definitely not everyone does this, there are elevators with the number 4, and floors and house numbers, but the most superstitious still try to remember the meaning of the number 4. Most recently, in one of the hotels in China, I had to go through a very long corridor three times, looking for my number with the number "2034". It simply did not appear, 2036 followed immediately after 2032 (even side).
Many people know the story that the existing hospital at number 4 almost stopped its activities, because patients refused to undergo treatment in it, explaining their position by the fact that, by agreeing to cross the threshold of the hospital with a “dangerous” number, they knowingly doomed themselves to death . In this regard, the hospital had to be urgently renamed.
The unfortunate number 4 in China eventually led to the fact that the country also banned the issuance of license plates containing this magic number. The fact is that almost all motorists who were “lucky” to receive a registration number with a four refused to receive it, frightened by the fact that they could, at best, get into an accident on such a vehicle or even die. Even despite all the paperwork, revision of paperwork, confusion in registration services and huge queues there, the number 4 has become banned in China.
By the way, the fate of the “unfortunate” and “avoidable” numbers overtook not only the four, but also all other complex numbers that contain it. For example, 14, 24, 54, 742, etc.
Be that as it may, no matter how many people would not like to believe in Chinese ancient superstitions, you can’t deceive the statistics. And she says that most deaths in China occur on the fourth day. Such data is provided by American sociologists, having analyzed data on the mortality of Chinese living in the United States. Is this superstition or fiction? The question remains open, but statistics is an exact science, so it is very possible to understand the Chinese, who are afraid of the number 4.
Although even despite such sad data, many modern Chinese remain cold-blooded in relation to the magic four. Even considering the fact that Chinese numerology is based on Taoism, a time-tested tradition.
I will add that the number 4 in China can also have a positive meaning. For example, the number 48 in literal translation sounds like “death money”, but it means “great wealth”, which is earned by honest hard work.
To believe in this superstition or not, this is your personal business, I will add on my own that this phenomenon cannot be explained by science in any way.
If you want to know more about the traditions and culture of China, life and superstitions, and at the same time study Chinese (or even get a higher education), we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the opportunities for obtaining long-term language courses, undergraduate and graduate programs.
Numerology, as a science, has long been popular with people. It is based on the idea that all events in our lives can be reduced to simple mathematical formulas. There are several basic numbers in the life of every person: the number of the name, the number of birth, the number of the path, the number of fate and the number of compatibility.
Each number has its own influence on the behavior, character and decisions made by a person. For example, the four was a symbol of calm and stability in life. She endowed a person with the ability to correctly calculate his strength, a strong character and excellent potential.
Four in numerology is considered a symbol of balance. Many scientists compare this number with a square, which is one of the hardest geometric shapes.
For many centuries, the four have been intimately woven into the very existence of mankind.. The most striking examples of this:
- 4 doomsday(north, south, east and west).
- 4 seasons(spring, summer, winter and autumn).
- 4 natural elements(earth, fire, air and water).
- 4 eras(Golden, Silver, Bronze and Iron Ages).
- 4 times of day(morning, afternoon, evening and night).
- 4 temperaments(melancholic, sanguine, choleric and phlegmatic).
- 4 stages in human life(childhood, youth, maturity and old age).
- 4 phases of the moon(first quarter, full moon, third quarter and new moon) and so on.
Over the millennia, examples have accumulated a great many. Some of them are connected with religion, others with science. In Christianity, the four is much more common than the three, which is considered to be a symbol of this faith.
For example, if you turn to the Bible, you can see some interesting facts related to this figure:
- Heaven and hell have been four rivers.
- Four major archangels(Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel).
- Four Great Prophets(Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel and Ezekiel).
- Four ends at the cross.
- four horsemen apocalypse (plague, war, famine and death) and so on.
In a person's life, this number symbolized confidence and orderliness. It indicated perfection and harmony. It is believed that the four is a sign of creation and consistency in the chaos of life's ups and downs. People born on the fourth number often have logical and rational thinking, earthy desires, love to plan and avoid unjustified risks.
In numerology, the four is defined by such concepts as fundamentality and organization.. This is the number of the square, which is a symbol of order and completeness. In the psychomatrix of Pythagoras, the figure meant that a person pays a lot of attention to the material side of his own life.
He does not have high ambitions, likes to follow the rules, has clear moral principles. If four is the number of fate, it is indicated a mathematical mindset and a penchant for the exact sciences.
The negative qualities of this figure in numerology are considered sarcastic and stubbornness. She highlights such traits as causticity, irascibility and inability to put up with other people's shortcomings. People born under this number are rarely lucky, they have to achieve everything in life with hard work. No matter how much they need, they do not know how and do not like to accept help from outside, even when it is offered by close people.
Four is widely used in magic and witchcraft. During many rituals, in order to focus their own energy, a person needs to put four burning candles around him. It is believed that in this way he will close his aura, preventing her from contacting the outside world and protecting himself from extraneous influence.
People who get four by the number of their birth, name or fate tend to idealize those around them.. They try to see only the best sides in everything, they are considered optimists and have an unpretentious character.
They enter into conflicts only when they are openly provoked, otherwise they prefer to avoid open clashes. They know how to appreciate every moment of their own life, they easily make friends th, are considered reliable and faithful companions.
Four is considered a symbol of family and home. It brings orderliness and reliability to life, confidence in the future and a loved one. People born on this date always keep in touch with their relatives, appreciate the kindness and care of others.
Fours make excellent parents and caregivers. They know how to find a common language even with the most unpleasant interlocutor, inspire confidence in others, and easily achieve influence in society.
As partners, they choose people who are completely opposite to themselves. Thus, they designate a new peak in front of them, which they are trying to conquer. In family life, they try to remake a loved one and his principles for themselves, although they tend to sacrifice their own desires for the sake of loved ones. They do not tolerate orders, in response to someone else's authority, they can show aggression and stubbornness.
In various world cultures, the influence of the four can be traced equally clearly. For example, the Scandinavians had four rivers in Asgard, as in Christian Eden. In the myths of the ancient Germans, the world stands on four dwarfs, which reminds us of the Babylonian and Egyptian legends about the flat earth on the backs of four elephants.
The Old Slavs endowed this number with magical power, linking it with the number of basic protective elements..
In ancient China, four is the number of the earth itself. It meant four gates at the imperial palace, four seas that washed the state, four great mountains. Four is the number of Yin, the West is considered its patron. In Confucianism, which to this day is considered the main religion of China, this is the number of four main books - the Discourses of Confucius, the Doctrine of the Middle and the Great Teaching, the books of Meng-zi.
Often the four was called the number of death, it was skipped in the numbering of houses and apartments.. For the Chinese, this number means the same as for us the number 13, which, by the way, also adds up to a four.
In America, the Maya believed that the heavens rested on the shoulders of four giants, worshiped the four Great Gods, and had four colors of the year in their calendar. Another Mesoamerican people the Aztecs believed that the whole world lay on the branches of four mighty trees, whose peaks pierced not only the vault of heaven, but even time itself.
In ancient Persia, the people were divided into 4 castes, each of which corresponded to one of the four elements.
In Japan, as in China, people feared and shunned this number. In the country, the fear of the four has become a real phobia. License plates ending with this number are prohibited, there is no fourth floor button in elevators, there are no tables in restaurants, and there are no wards with this number in local hospitals.
In angelic numerology, the four denotes a practical approach to business and a sense of responsibility in a person. It is a symbol of talent and excellent abilities. The number indicates a person who is wise, enduring and able to learn not only from his own, but also from other people's mistakes.
Many mystics believe that the four can push a person to important actions and decisions when he gives up. This is a combination of strength, the number of four elements and four cardinal points. It is able to exert a strong influence on the balance of life from the outside, increase potential and attract good luck.
If throughout your life you come across combinations 4, 44, 444 and so on, you can consider that you are lucky. Thus, fate shows that you should not be afraid of anything, you receive support from higher powers.
A person who everywhere meets a message from his Angels in the form of the number 4 knows what he wants from life. He has a sharp lively mind, observant and active.. Changes and any troubles are easily accepted, trying not to pay too much attention to the negative aspects. He is used to making every effort in any business he undertakes, brings everything to the end, for which he receives a generous reward and patronage of fortune.
Japan is an amazing country with a great history and rich culture. For more than 200 years, since 1639, she has remained
13 Incredible Facts About Japan
15:45 January 26, 2017Japan is an amazing country with a great history and rich culture. For more than 200 years, since 1639, it has remained completely isolated from the outside world. The originality of the Land of the Rising Sun still surprises and fascinates us. I present to your attention 13 interesting facts about Japan that are hard to believe.
1. Capsule hotels
One of the variants of Japanese hotels, which is a small sleeping cells located one above the other. There is enough space in the capsule to sleep, watch TV or read a book. A night in such a hotel costs about 30 dollars.
2. Christmas dinner at KFC
Celebrating Christmas with a KFC dinner is a tradition that is becoming more and more popular in Japan. Entire queues line up for a festive bucket of spicy wings, salad and cake.
3. Some Japanese women deliberately crook their teeth.
In Japan, there is such a trend "Yaeba", which means "double tooth" in translation. Japanese women pay hundreds of dollars to dentists to change absolutely straight and even teeth. They all want elongated and protruding fangs.
4. In Japan, the number 4 is considered unlucky.
Hotels and hospitals in Japan rarely have 4th floors. Absolutely everyone avoids the number four, since it is consonant with the word "death".
5. On the island of Miyakejima it is impossible to be without a gas mask
Oyama Volcano, located in the center of the island, spews poisonous gas (sulfur dioxide), so residents simply cannot do without a gas mask.
6. Sleep at work
Sleeping at the Inemuri workplace is a sign of a serious attitude to work, so Japanese companies encourage tired employees to take a nap for half an hour.
7. 32,000 Japanese turned 100 this year
There are currently over 65,000 people living in Japan who are over 100 years old. On the day of honoring old age on September 19, the government gives a silver dish to each new centenarian.
8. The Japanese refuse sex.
The Japanese (45% of women and 25% of men) no longer want to go on dates, get married and even just have sex, because everyone is obsessed only with a career.
9The Police Catch Criminals With Paint Balls
A trace of paint left after a shot on the clothes or vehicle of a criminal helps to quickly detain an attacker.
10. Ban on dancing in clubs after midnight
The Law No Dancing After Midnight was passed back in 1948 to prevent the spread of prostitution.
11. Japan is home to the oldest business in the world
The oldest business in the world is the Japanese hotel Nisiyama Onsen Keiunkan, which has been operating since 705.
12. Students clean the classrooms themselves
In Japan, it is the students who clean the classrooms.
13. More than 70% of the entire territory of Japan is mountains.
The country has many active volcanoes, as it is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Many who practice Aikido undeniably paid attention to such interesting things in the names of Japanese techniques, such as the fact that when counting, the number 4 sounds like shi or shi (shi, 四, and the fourth control sounds like yonkyo (yonkyo, 四教), but the throw "on four cardinal directions" again sounds like shiho nage (shihou nage, 四方 投げ).
What is the matter here? It's time to deal with these and in parallel delve into this issue, maybe there are other similar varieties of names that are the same in meaning but different in sound and vice versa.
First, as you know, the Japanese use hieroglyphs as writing. In turn, each hieroglyph has its own meaning and sound. But the sound or reading of a hieroglyph may have not one, but several (!). Almost every hieroglyph has an on reading and kun reading. Almost all Japanese hieroglyphs were borrowed from Chinese, for this reason, Japanese has preserved similarities to Chinese hieroglyph readings at the time of borrowing - one hieroglyphic readings. "Similarity" because these readings are very different from the readings in modern Chinese, because it comes from the northern dialects, precisely those from which borrowings occurred. Kuna readings, respectively, according to the logic, this is the original Japanese reading. As a rule, hieroglyphs representing independent words are read in kun readings, while in compound words, hieroglyphs are predominantly on readings. So go and understand when, how and what is read ;-)
Secondly, the reading of different (!) hieroglyphs can be the same. And there are many similar homonyms in Japanese writing. Which introduces even more confusion, which is almost not disassembled without parsing each hieroglyph separately, diligently with the dictionary.
Considering these two facts, let's return to our number 4. When a Japanese hears the sound of the number 4, namely Shi, and taking into account the special associative structure of the Japanese head, he hears Shi in the meaning of "death", written with the hieroglyph 死, in contrast to the hieroglyph "four" 四 . To understand a Russian speaker, a very good example with a homonym can be given as follows. When a Russian person hears the expression "a woman with a scythe", he understands more precisely "death", and not a woman with luxurious hair. Thus, the number 4 takes on an eerie meaning. According to intelligence data, Japanese hospitals are afraid of wards number 4, and this also applies to some hotels where rooms are numbered 3a and 3b instead of 3 and 4.
The whole story does not end there, similar things exist with the number 9 kyu (ku, 九). In terms of sound, the reading of the hieroglyph number 9 is the same as the hieroglyph 苦 meaning "anxiety; excitement; torment; torment; efforts; suffering; labor; hard feelings; efforts."
Then under the sound of 49 (四九, shiku, shikyu) we can hear as "mortal torment".
It partly becomes clear why 4th control in Aikido does not sound like "shikyo", but already sounds like "yonkyo", otherwise it would sound consonant with "shikyu" - which is translated as "mortal torment" (which, if performed correctly, is very likely similar ), but written with other characters 四教.
In turn, the throw of "shiho nage" can, in principle, be translated, without knowing the hieroglyphs with which it is written (四方 投げ), as "throw of the deadly direction" (死方 投げ) and again, with some methods of execution, it can be so.
Some vaguely distant aikidokas, listening to the mysterious Japanese mentors and their reasoning about the lethality of Aikido techniques, may not be aware of the "play on words", remaining in ignorance, not bothering to open the dictionary. Quite recently, one such aikidoka convinced me that the term irimi is "filling the void" and tenkan is "emptying the void", don't you believe me? You can see for yourself in the comments.
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