Analysis of the poem Listen to Mayakovsky

Plan

1.History of creation

2.Genre

3.Main theme

4.Composition

5.Size

6. Expressive means

7. Main idea

1. History of creation. At the beginning of the 20th century, many literary movements arose in Russian poetic society. One of the brightest representatives of the new wave was. The poem "Listen", created in 1913, is a passionate spiritual impulse of the poet, in which he expresses his innermost thoughts.

2. The genre of the work is a lyrical poem, a monologue-confession of the protagonist.

3. The main theme of the work is the author's philosophical reflection on the meaning of human life. This reflection is based on the observation of the stars - symbols of the infinity of the universe. On the eve of the First World War, not only in Russia, but throughout the world, there was a spiritual crisis. Significant technological progress did not lead to the triumph of goodness and justice. Mankind was painfully looking for a way out of this situation.

Society was permeated with disbelief and the expectation of an inevitable end. Mayakovsky, possessing a sensitive and vulnerable soul, also suffocated in this atmosphere. He sees the main problem of society in the indifference of people who are carried away only by their own momentary interests. The work begins with a passionate appeal to people - "Listen!". The author tries to draw attention to himself in order to convey his idea. To do this, he asks an unexpected question about the reasons for the appearance of stars.

He opposes to useless human fuss serious philosophical reflection. People spend their lives aimlessly thinking they are doing something important. Their physical existence is insignificant compared to the eternal firmament. But the stars couldn't have come out of nowhere. Probably, their appearance is also associated with someone's passionate plea, which means "does anyone need this?".

Mayakovsky allegorically compares the process of the appearance of new stars with the action of higher forces. But God does not create the stars on his own initiative, he does not care. Only human prayer can influence the divine decision. Therefore, the stars come into being as a result of the desire of people who really need it. The author is sure that while this is happening, not all is lost. Mankind can be saved if it retains its best aspirations and hopes.

4. Composition. The work has a circular composition, thanks to the repetition of the phrase "someone needs it." Three parts can be distinguished: the formulation of the question, the author's reflection, and the conclusion.

6. Expressive means. The work is an exception to Mayakovsky's original style. There are no neologisms and distorted words in it. Thanks to this, it is perceived as an extremely sincere and pure impulse of the poet. The only innovative technique is a detailed comparison: “stars-spitting-pearls”. The most striking epithet is the "veiny" hand of God.

7. The main idea of ​​the work is that humanity, which has lost the meaning of life, can find it again only by turning to the eternal laws of the universe. The first step on this difficult path should be a simple observation of the stars, which can bring peace, peace and a sense of happiness to the soul.

Analysis of Vladimir Mayakovsky's poem "Listen!"

The poem "Listen!" written in 1914.
In the poems of this period, the attentive reader will see not only familiar, mocking, dismissive intonations, but, looking closely, he will understand that behind the external bravado is a vulnerable, lonely soul. The integrity of the poet's character, human decency, which helped to navigate the main problems of the time, inner conviction in the correctness of his moral ideals separated V.M. from other poets, from the usual course of life. This isolation gave rise to a spiritual protest against the philistine environment, where there were no high spiritual ideals. The poem is the cry of the poet's soul. It begins with a request addressed to the people: "Listen!" With such an exclamation, each of us very often interrupts his speech, hoping to be heard and understood.
The lyrical hero of the poem does not just pronounce, but "exhales" this word, desperately trying to draw the attention of people living on Earth to the problem that concerns him. This is not a complaint about "indifferent nature", this is a complaint about human indifference. The poet, as it were, argues with an imaginary opponent, a narrow-minded and mundane person, an inhabitant, a tradesman, convincing him that one cannot put up with indifference, loneliness, grief.
The whole structure of speech in the poem "Listen!" exactly the same as when there is a heated discussion, polemics, when you are not understood, and you are frantically looking for arguments, convincing arguments and hoping: they will understand, they will understand. Here only it is necessary to explain properly, to find the most important and precise expressions. And the lyrical hero finds them.
The intensity of passions, emotions experienced by our hero becomes so strong that otherwise they cannot be expressed as soon as this multi-valued capacious word - "Yes ?!", addressed to someone who understands and supports. It contains concern, and care, and empathy, and hope .....
If the lyrical hero did not have any hope of understanding at all, he would not convince, exhort, or worry like that ... The last stanza of the poem begins in the same way as the first, with the same word. But the author's thought in it develops in a completely different way, more optimistic, life-affirming compared to how it is expressed in the first stanza. The last sentence is interrogative. But, in essence, it is affirmative. After all, this is a rhetorical question, the answer is not required.
Arranging the poems with a "ladder", he ensured that each word becomes significant, weighty. Rhyme V.M. - unusual, it is, as it were, "internal", the alternation of syllables is not obvious, not obvious - this is blank verse. And how expressive is the rhythm of his poems! It seems to me that rhythm in Mayakovsky's poetry is the most important thing, first it is born, and then a thought, an idea, an image.
Some people think that V.M. you have to scream, tearing your vocal cords. He has poems for "squares". But in the early poems, intonations of confidence and intimacy prevail. It is felt that the poet only wants to appear formidable, bold, self-confident. But in fact he is not like that. On the contrary, M. is alone and restless, and his soul yearns for friendship, love, and understanding.
In this poem there are no neologisms so familiar to V.M.'s style. "Listen!" is an excited and tense monologue of the lyrical hero. Poetic techniques used by V.M. in this poem, in my opinion, very expressive. Fantasy ("breaks into God") is naturally combined with the author's observations of the inner state of the lyrical hero. A number of verbs: "breaks in", "cries", "asks", "swears" - conveys not only the dynamics of events, but also their emotional intensity. Not a single neutral word, everything is very, very expressive, and, it seems to me, the lexical meaning itself, the semantics of action verbs, indicates the extreme acuteness of the feelings experienced by the lyrical hero. The main intonation of the verse is not angry, accusatory, but confessional, trusting, timid and uncertain. We can say that the voices of the author and his hero often merge completely and it is impossible to separate them. The expressed thoughts and the feelings of the hero that have burst out and burst out undeniably excite the poet himself. It is easy to catch notes of anxiety in them ("alarming walks"), confusion.
Of great importance in the system of visual and expressive means in V.M. has detail. The portrait characteristic of God consists of only one single detail - he has a "veiny hand." The epithet "wiry" is so lively, emotional, visible, sensual, that you seem to see this hand, feel the pulsating blood in its veins. "Hand" (an image familiar to the consciousness of a Russian person, a Christian) is organically, absolutely naturally replaced, as we see, simply by a "hand".
It seems to me that in a very unusual antithesis, in the words antonyms (they are antonyms only in V.M., in our usual, commonly used lexicon, these are far from antonyms), very important things are contrasted. We are talking about the sky, about the stars, about the universe. But for one star "spitting", and for another - "pearl".
The lyrical hero of the poem "Listen!" and there is that "someone" for whom life on Earth is unthinkable without a starry sky. He rushes about, suffers from loneliness, misunderstanding, but does not reconcile with him. His despair is so great that he simply cannot endure "this starless torment."
The poem "Listen!" is an extended metaphor that has a great allegorical meaning. In addition to daily bread, we also need a dream, a great life goal, spirituality, and beauty. We need stars - "pearls", not stars - "spitting". V.M. concerned with eternal philosophical questions about the meaning of human existence, about love and hate, death and immortality, good and evil.
However, in the "star" theme, the mysticism of the Symbolists is alien to the poet, he does not think about any "stretch" of the word to the Universe, but V.M. in no way inferior to mystic poets in the flight of fantasy, freely throwing a bridge from the earth's firmament to the boundless sky, space. Of course, such a free flight of thought was prompted by V.M. in an era when it seemed that everything was subject to man. And no matter what tones the astral images are painted in, satirical or tragic, his work is imbued with faith in Man, in his mind and great destiny.
Years will pass, passions will subside, Russian cataclysms will turn into normal life, and no one will consider V.M. only a political poet who gave his lyre only to the revolution. In my opinion, this is the greatest of lyric poets, and the poem "Listen!" is a true masterpiece of Russian and world poetry.

Listen!

After all, if the stars are lit -

pearl?

And, tearing up

in blizzards of midday dust,

rushes to god

afraid of being late

kisses his sinewy hand,

to have a star! -

swears -

will not endure this starless torment!

walks anxious,

but calm on the outside.

Says to someone:

"Are you okay now?

Not scary?

Listen!

After all, if the stars

ignite -

Does that mean anyone needs it?

So, it is necessary

so that every evening

over the rooftops

lit up at least one star ?!

In March 1914, the collection "The First Journal of Russian Futurists" was published with four new poems by Mayakovsky. Among them is the poem “Listen!” written in November-December 1913. In those days, the poet worked in St. Petersburg to complete and stage his first play, the tragedy Vladimir Mayakovsky. And with its tonality, mood, correlating the feeling of love with the cosmos, with the universe, the poem is close to this play, in some ways it continues and complements it. The poem is built as an excited monologue of a lyrical hero, looking for an answer to a vital question for him:

Listen!

After all, if the stars are lit, it means that someone needs it?

So - someone wants them to be?

So - someone calls these spittles

pearl?

The lyrical hero, formulating the main question for himself, mentally creates an image of a certain character (in the form of a third person: “someone”, “someone”). This “someone” cannot endure “starless torment” and for the sake of “so that there must be a star”, he is ready for any feats. The imagery of the poem is based on the implementation of the metaphor "the stars are lit". Only a lit star gives meaning to life, is a confirmation of the presence of love, beauty, goodness in the world. Already in the fourth verse of the first stanza, a picture begins to unfold of what feats the hero is ready to perform to light the star: “torn in the midday dust blizzards”, he hurries to the one on whom it depends - “breaks into God”. God is given here without any author's irony or negativity - as the highest authority, to which they turn for help, with a request. At the same time, God is quite humanized - he has the "veiny hand" of a real worker. He is able to understand the state of the visitor who “breaks in” because he “is afraid that he is late”, “cries”, “asks”, “swears” (and not just humbly prays, like a “servant of God”). But the very feat of lighting a star is performed not for oneself, but for another, beloved, close (maybe a relative, or maybe just a neighbor), who is present in the poem as a silent observer and listener of the hero’s subsequent words: “... now you have nothing ? / Isn't it scary?..” The final lines close the cyclic construction of the poem - the initial appeal is repeated verbatim and then the author's statement and hope follow (already without the use of an intermediary hero in the third person):

So - it is necessary that at least one star lights up over the roofs every evening?!

In a poem, the poet not only expresses his feelings, but in simple colloquial language explains his thought to the reader, listener, tries to convince him with logic, example, intonation. Hence the colloquial “after all”, and the multiple (five-fold) “means”, and the abundance of exclamation and question marks. A question that begins with the word "means" does not require a detailed answer - a brief "yes" or tacit consent is enough. The final lines, closing the ring construction of the work, retain the interrogative construction. But their affirmative modality is sharply increased. And not only by the logic of the preceding lines, but also by its own peculiarities. An additional split created a pause (“light” when repeated is highlighted in a separate line). In the last verse, the star is no longer kindled by someone else (even though powerful), but “it is necessary” that it “light up” (reflexive verb) as if by itself. And not somewhere in space in general, but "above the roofs", that is, here, nearby, in the city, among the people, where the poet is. For the poet himself, the final lines are no longer questions. The only question is how much his opinion about the “necessity”, “necessity” of the stars surrounding him is shared. This ending is the semantic center of the poem. One person can “every evening” bring spiritual light to another, is able to dispel spiritual darkness. The flaming star becomes a symbol of spiritual relations between people, a symbol of all-conquering love.

The poem is written in tonic verse. It has only three stanzas-quatrains with cross rhyming avav. Poetic lines (separate verses) are quite long and most of them (except for the 2nd and 3rd in the first stanza) are additionally divided into several lines in a column. Thanks to the breakdown of the lines, not only the end rhymes are accentuated, but also the words that end the lines are updated. So, in the first and penultimate verse, an appeal is highlighted, which constitutes an independent line, repeating the title - “Listen!” - and the key word of the main metaphor of the poem - "light". In the second quatrain - the key word "God" and verbs that convey the tension of the hero: "cries", "asks", "swears" ... In addition to the "main" cross end rhymes, additional consonances are heard in the poem ("listen" - "pearl ”, “means” - “crying” ...), fastening the text.

In the intonation-strophic construction of the poem "Listen!" there is another interesting feature. The end of the fourth line (verse) of the first stanza (“And, tearing himself / in the midday dust blizzards”) is not at the same time the end of the phrase - it continues in the second stanza. This is an interstrophic transfer, a technique that makes it possible to give the verse additional dynamism, to emphasize the extreme excitement of the lyrical hero.

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Updated: 2011-05-09

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Lesson - workshop on literature in grade 11

Topic: “Analysis of the poem by V. Mayakovsky “Listen!”

Lesson type: A lesson in learning new material, primary consolidation of knowledge and the formation of skills and abilities.

Lesson form: traditional lesson

Lesson Objectives:

Educational - training in working with text; introduction to the world of V. Mayakovsky's lyrics, through his work to comprehend the personality of the poet;

Developing - developing in students the skills of competent and fluent command of literary speech, the ability to highlight the main thing, analyze, draw conclusions based on already known material;

Educational - instilling a love for literature and the poetic word, the formation of knowledge and skills that ensure the independent development of artistic values.

Technology: - information;

Person-oriented;

Pedagogical cooperation;

Health saving.

Methods - creative reading;

training: - search;

Analysis and synthesis.

Board writing:

Mayakovsky is a very talented person, extremely light, bordering on ... sensitivity. A. Lunacharsky.

Mayakovsky is “a man without convictions. This is the singer of violence. The main motive of his poetry is revenge, the cult of cruelty. And he himself is a man with a hardened soul. Y. Karabchevsky

Equipment for the lesson:

The lesson is held in a computer class, slides of photographs of V. Mayakovsky, his family, friends, texts of his poems, a recording of poetry readings by the author himself and famous artists are displayed on the screen.

DURING THE CLASSES

“I am a poet. That's what's interesting."

V.V.Mayakovsky

1. Introduction by the teacher. slide 1.

It is impossible to imagine the 20th century without Mayakovsky. Mayakovsky “painted” a whole era with himself, he was the most famous and talented futurist poet (if it were not for Mayakovsky, futurism would not have received such fame). Several generations of Soviet readers knew Mayakovsky primarily as the author of Soviet slogans and posters, "Poems about the Soviet passport", poems about Lenin, etc.

I.V. Stalin in the 30s called Mayakovsky the best and most talented Soviet poet. And the subsequent forced introduction of Mayakovsky into the consciousness of the Soviet people turned him into an official figure. B. Pasternak wrote that "Mayakovsky began to be forced in, like potatoes under Catherine", and "this was his second death." But Mayakovsky does not fit into the definition that Stalin gave him, and as a poet Mayakovsky was much more complex and interesting than many imagined.

Creativity and personality of V. Mayakovsky have always been the subject of heated debate. A lot has been written about Mayakovsky. Opinions about him are very different. (Reading the writing on the board). And Mayakovsky will say about himself: “I am a poet. That's what's interesting." And today we will look at him through the prism of his poems. And we will present Mayakovsky through his lyrical "I".

2. Slide 2. Listening to the poem "Listen!"

3. Explanation of new material.Analysis of the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky "Listen!" Slide 3.

1. Teacher: When was this poem written??

Pupils: The poem "Listen!" written in 1914.

Teacher: Let's try to imagine the historical situation during the creation of the poem. Russia 1914. The worst is yet to come: the First World War, and the revolution, and the arrival of the Bolsheviks... Young Mayakovsky, fascinated by futurism and poetry, looking to the future with hope, is trying to understand what is the meaning of life? It was a time when the country was actively developing, and its inhabitants believed in themselves and in the future. The development of industry, urbanization, the gradual change of the old to the new influenced the consciousness of people. This optimistic mood is felt in the poem. In the poems of this period, the attentive reader will see not only familiar, mocking, dismissive intonations, but, looking closely, he will understand that behind the external bravado is a vulnerable, lonely soul. The integrity of the poet's character, human decency, which helped to navigate the main problems of the time, inner conviction in the correctness of his moral ideals separated V.M. from other poets, from the usual course of life. This isolation gave rise to a spiritual protest against the philistine environment, where there were no high spiritual ideals. But he dreamed about them. This is not a complaint about "indifferent nature", this is a complaint about human indifference. The poet, as it were, argues with an imaginary opponent, a narrow-minded and mundane person, an inhabitant, a tradesman, convincing him that one cannot put up with indifference, loneliness, grief.

2.Teacher: What is the meaning of the name? How many times is the word “Listen!” repeated?

Pupils: The poem begins with a request addressed to people: "Listen!" With such an exclamation, each of us very often interrupts his speech, hoping to be heard and understood.
The lyrical hero of the poem does not just pronounce, but "exhales" this word, desperately trying to draw the attention of people living on Earth to the problem that concerns him. Some people think that V.M. you have to scream, tearing your vocal cords. He has poems for "squares". But in the early poems, intonations of confidence and intimacy prevail. It is felt that the poet only wants to appear formidable, bold, self-confident. But in fact he is not like that. On the contrary, M. is alone and restless, and his soul yearns for friendship, love, and understanding. The poem "Listen!" - the cry of the poet's soul.
3. TeacherQ: What is the main tone of the poem?

Pupils: The intonation of the poem is not angry, accusatory, but confessional, trusting, timid and uncertain. The whole structure of speech in the poem "Listen!" exactly the same as when there is a heated discussion, polemics, when you are not understood, and you are frantically looking for arguments, convincing arguments and hoping: they will understand, they will understand. Here only it is necessary to explain properly, to find the most important and precise expressions. And the lyrical hero finds them.
The intensity of passions, emotions experienced by our hero becomes so strong that otherwise they cannot be expressed as soon as this multi-valued capacious word - "Yes ?!", addressed to someone who understands and supports. It contains concern, and care, and empathy, and hope .....
If the lyrical hero did not have any hope of understanding at all, he would not convince, exhort, or worry like that ... The last stanza of the poem begins in the same way as the first, with the same word. But the author's thought in it develops in a completely different way, more optimistic, life-affirming compared to how it is expressed in the first stanza. The last sentence is interrogative. But, in essence, it is affirmative. After all, this is a rhetorical question, the answer is not required.

We can say that the voices of the author and his hero often merge completely and it is impossible to separate them. The expressed thoughts and the feelings of the hero that have burst out and burst out undeniably excite the poet himself. It is easy to catch notes of anxiety in them ("alarming walks"), confusion.

4.Teacher: What is the composition of the poem? How many parts can be distinguished in a poem?

Pupils: Compositionally, the poem consists of three parts, different in form, rhythm, and emotional impact. In the first part, the poet addresses the readers, identifies the problem: “So, does anyone need this?” From the first line one can feel the presence of higher forces that "light" the stars. Mayakovsky raises the problem of God, predestination, because “pearls” do not appear over the roofs of houses themselves, but by the will of someone who is above all people.
The second part shows an emotional picture of how the lyrical hero "rushes to God", in despair asks him:

To be sure to have a star! -

Swears -

Can't bear this starless torment!

Having received a “star” from God, that is, a dream, the hero finds peace and tranquility. He is no longer afraid of anything, and his life is now not empty and meaningless. This part is a kind of prayer addressed to God. Moreover, God here is not a spiritualized higher essence, but a very real person with sinewy hands, and, as it seemed to me, kind eyes. However, this is where the description of God ends, we will not know anything more about him. Just one detail that Mayakovsky singled out - hands - and how much they can tell! God is always ready to give a saving hand of help, you just need to really want it.

The third part of the poem sounds like a conclusion, like a statement, despite two question marks, to which an exclamation mark is added, which was not at the beginning of the work. The lyrical hero, who has found his star, no longer asks, but claims:

So, it is necessary

To every evening

Above the rooftops

At least one star lit up?

5. Teacher: Describe the lyrical hero of the poem.How do you see the lyrical hero of the work?

Pupils: The lyrical hero of the poem "Listen!" and there is that "someone" for whom life on Earth is unthinkable without a starry sky. He rushes about, suffers from loneliness, misunderstanding, but does not reconcile with him. His despair is so great that he simply cannot endure "this starless torment." In the poem, three "acting" persons can be distinguished: the lyrical hero, God and "someone". These "someone" are people, all of humanity, to which the poet addresses. Everyone treats “stars” differently: for some they are “spittles”, for others they are “pearls”, but, undoubtedly, their light is necessary.
The lyrical hero of the poem not only pronounces, but, I would say, "exhales" this word, desperately trying to draw the attention of people living on Earth to the problem that concerns him. This is not a complaint about "indifferent nature", this is a complaint about human indifference. The poet, as it were, argues with an imaginary opponent, a narrow-minded and mundane person, an inhabitant, a tradesman, convincing him that one cannot put up with indifference, loneliness, grief. After all, people are born to be happy.

6.Teacher: See what the lyric hero does to see God.

Students: Lyrical heroPoems "Listen!" and there is that “someone” for whom life on Earth is unthinkable without a starry sky. He rushes about, suffers from loneliness, misunderstanding, but does not reconcile with him.

And, tearing up

In blizzards of midday dust,

Rushing to God

Afraid of being late

Crying...

The despair is so great that he simply cannot bear "this starless torment."

7.Teacher: Why does God have a sinewy hand, and why is nothing visible except for this detail?

Pupils: The face is not visible, because God cannot be seen by a mere mortal. A sinewy hand is the hand of a worker. The Lord created everything in 6 days.Of great importance in the system of visual and expressive means in V.M. has detail. The portrait characteristic of God consists of only one single detail - he has a "veiny hand." The epithet “wiry” is so lively, emotional, visible, sensual that you seem to see this hand, you feel the pulsating blood in its veins.

8. Teacher: What are the language features of the work?

Pupils: Every word in the poem is expressive, emotional, expressive. All the pictures described literally appear before our eyes: a “visit” to God, stars in the sky, roofs of houses ... The poem seems to be inspired, it is airy and sincere, close to the reader. Perhaps due to the fact that Mayakovsky does not use any pronouns other than “someone”, you seem to feel yourself in the place of a lyrical hero, you feel the wind of “midday dust”, tears in your eyes and inner anxiety. The poem is very rhythmic, which is inherent in Mayakovsky. A play on words, a transition from one to another, accents achieved through the use of punctuation marks - all this creates a unique emotional mood, an inner strain.The whole structure of speech in the poem "Listen!" exactly the same as when there is a heated discussion, polemics, when you are not understood, and you are frantically looking for arguments, convincing arguments and hoping: they will understand, they will understand. Here only it is necessary to explain properly, to find the most important and precise expressions. And the lyrical hero finds them.

9. Teacher: What features of Mayakovsky's rhyme can be traced in this poem?

Pupils: By arranging the verses with a "ladder", he ensured that each word becomes significant, weighty. Rhyme V.M. - unusual, it is, as it were, "internal", the alternation of syllables is not obvious, not obvious - this is blank verse. And how expressive is the rhythm of his poems! It seems to me that rhythm in Mayakovsky's poetry is the most important thing, first it is born, and then a thought, an idea, an image. And the use of his famous ladder helps the reader to correctly place all the accents that seem to the poet the most important. And then ... Further, it seems to me, in a very unusual antithesis, in the words antonyms (they are antonyms only in V.M., in our usual, commonly used lexicon, these are far from antonyms) very important things are contrasted. We are talking about the sky, about the stars, about the universe. But for one star "spitting", and for another - "pearl".

10. Teacher: What figurative and expressive means can be distinguished in this work?

Pupils: The first two sentences are interrogative, then the third is interrogative and exclamatory at the same time. The intensity of passions, emotions experienced by our hero is so strong that otherwise they cannot be expressed as soon as this multi-valued capacious word - “Yes ?!” addressed to someone who understands and supports. It contains concern, and care, and empathy, and participation, and love ... I'm not alone, someone else thinks the same way as I do, feels the same way, rooting for this world, the sky, the Universe with all my soul, everyone heart. If the lyrical hero had no hope of understanding at all, he would not have convinced, exhorted, or worried like that. The last stanza of the poem (there are three in total) begins in the same way as the first, with the same word. But the author's thought in it develops in a completely different way, more optimistic, life-affirming compared to how it is expressed in the first stanza. The last sentence is interrogative. But, in essence, it is affirmative. After all, this is a rhetorical question, the answer is not required.

Gradation - a series of verbs: "breaks in", "cries", "asks", "swears"

Epithet - sinewy hand

Antithesis. It seems to me that in a very unusual antithesis, in the words antonyms (they are antonyms only in V.M., in our usual, commonly used lexicon, these are far from antonyms), very important things are contrasted. We are talking about the sky, about the stars, about the universe. But for one star "spitting", and for another - "pearl".

Anaphora - repetition of the word "means" Rhetorical question

The final stage of the lesson

Conclusion

What is the meaning of life for each of us? Why, why did we come into this world? People from ancient times to the present day have been trying to find answers to such philosophical questions. They are complex in that they cannot be answered unequivocally, you cannot say to a person: do this, and this is the meaning of your life. Everyone chooses their own path, their goal and dream.
Mayakovsky's poem "Listen!" dedicated to the theme of the meaning of human life. But the poet does not talk about what you need to dream about and what to strive for, but about the fact that each of us should have a dream for which it is worth living. Mayakovsky calls this goal, the meaning of life, faith in tomorrow a “star”, lit by “someone” and needed by “someone”.
"Listen!" - a kind of appeal to people, but not loud and pretentious, as is usually the case with Mayakovsky. This is a request to stop for a moment, rise for a while above the world of “midday dust” and look at the sky, at the stars, think about what justifies our every step on earth and who came up with all this.
The main idea of ​​the poem is that in the life of every person a star should light up. Without an idea, without a goal, it is impossible to exist in this world, “starless torment” begins, when everything you do is meaningless, empty. It is not enough for a man to simply live. Greet every morning with a smile, move towards something bigger and better, give love and joy to others - this is life marked by "stars". Mayakovsky in his lyrical creation is revealed as a person with a sincere soul, with a kind heart, who wants everyone to find a place in life sooner or later. In my opinion, this is the greatest of lyric poets, and the poem "Listen!" is a true masterpiece of Russian and world poetry.
Much has been written about the search for the meaning of life and the fact that it is impossible to live without a goal. But only Mayakovsky said this in simple, accessible words. He compared the dream to the stars, a metaphor that had been used before him. But only Vladimir Vladimirovich managed to do it in such a way that you immediately want to look up, to find that star that shines exclusively for you.
The “pearl” of Mayakovsky was the idea of ​​a new society, a new person, a future in which everyone will find their happiness. And, I believe that the poet followed his star all his life so that decades later his poems remain unique masterpieces of world poetry.
Mayakovsky's lyrics raised deep moral problems, in which good and evil, beautiful and ugly, earthly and sublime, momentary and eternal are mixed. He managed to leave his gift of a poet to people, spent his life in order, according to R. Yakobson, "to make the poetry he created a treasure of the people."

Lesson summary

Homework

Exercise 1.

Compose a cinquain about Mayakovsky.

Noun that sets the topic

Adjective, adjective - to the given noun

Verb, verb, verb - to the given noun

Meaningful phrase of four words

One final word (sentence) that determines the emotional attitude to everything said

Task 2. Answer the questions. The answer must be given in the form of a word or a combination of words.

B1 Specify the name of the avant-garde movement in the poetry of the early twentieth century, one of the leaders of which was V.V. Mayakovsky and whose principles are partly reflected in the poem "Listen!".

B2 Name the type of composition characterized by a final return to the original thought, image (see the twice repeated appeal of the lyrical hero in the poem above).

B3 What is the name of the type of trail, a means of artistic expression based on the transfer of the properties of one object or phenomenon to others (“in the midday dust blizzards”)?

B4 Specify the term for the repetition of a word or group of words at the beginning of adjacent lines (" means - does anyone need it? / Means - it's necessary…").

B5 The poem ends with a question addressed to man and mankind. What is the name of the type of question that does not require an answer and is often a hidden statement?

Give a coherent answer to the question in the amount of 5-10 sentences.

C1 How do you understand the main idea of ​​the poem "Listen!"?

C2 What feelings are filled with the poet's lyrical confession and what gives it special expressiveness?

C3 In what works of Russian classics do the heroes reflect on the connection between man and the universe, and in what ways are these works consonant with the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky "Listen!"

The song "Listen!" performed by E. Kamburova. slide 5

One of the famous works of the writer and poet Mayakovsky is the poem "Listen!". The verse does not have a clear construction and semantic line; it is not easy to understand it. By the way, this applies to almost all of Mayakovsky's work, which is quite understandable not to everyone.

This work was born in 1914 and has a beginning that is like a mirror image of the end. There is a repetition of some words, but the meaning is different. In general, if we consider the meaning of the poem, then it is devoted to the theme of human existence.

If you look at the structure of the poem, you get the impression that it is better not to read it, but to listen to it. It is built so correctly, the thesis and explanation for it.

In this poem, the author thinks about the purpose of people, while comparing them with the stars. If we compare human life according to the measures of the universe, then it is very short, like a short moment. Mayakovsky is trying to convey to the reader that the meaning of life is to be needed by someone and, if possible, help people. But the author cannot confidently say that his work is beneficial to people and doubts it.

The concept of tragedy and lyrics prevail in the poem "Listen" and show the vulnerable soul of the author. Mayakovsky always considered himself a great poet and did not hesitate to assert this, but in this poem one can also see doubts about this. The author thinks that if he were not a writer, but someone else, perhaps he would become more useful and better.

Even reading a poem many times, it is still impossible to fully capture the whole essence of it. And when you once again approach the work, you can find something new.

Analysis of the poem Listen! Mayakovsky

One of the most striking and memorable poems of the great Russian poet Vasily Vladimirovich Mayakovsky, written in his youth, can be called the poem "Listen!".

This work, oddly enough, does not have a completely clear, built-up storyline. It is a kind of appeal to each reader.

As for the construction, we can say that it has clear boundaries and frame design. This poem has a specific ending and a logical conclusion. Even though they are different from each other, they have exactly repeated expressions. But, at the same time, the main idea of ​​the poet has its full development.

The appeal opens with an exclamation, this is done in order to draw the attention of readers to this work as much as possible.

In the central part of this work there is a so-called "plot" episode.

In general, according to critics and experts in the field of literature, this poem is not intended for readers, but for listeners. Since while reading it is impossible to fully understand the entire depth of this work, but at the moment of listening it is revealed in full.

For this poem, Vasily Vladimirovich used a fairly large number of colorful epithets, which made it possible to make the work colorful and surprisingly interesting. Moreover, it is worth noting that the work itself is quite small, but the number of literary devices makes it visually much larger.

The main intonation that is used in this work is confessional in nature, it also changes to trusting, sincere and somewhat timid.

The lyrical hero, whom the poet endowed with a special outlook on life, tries to convey to the listeners his most intimate thought.

I would also like to say that if at the beginning the author uses an appeal, then at the end there is a certain statement of his thought, the main idea, and so on.

Every word in this poem is expressive, emotional and expressive. In order to feel it as best as possible, you should carefully read or listen to every line of the work.

Option number 3

Mayakovsky's work "Listen" is a verse written in a special style of rhyme, written in 1914. Mainly a poem, the writer presents a distant star. But not as a heavenly body. And in the role of human life. In fact, Mayakovsky's poems are difficult to understand, because his heroes are often young rebels who are trying to find their purpose in life. This is what the story is about in this story. After all, the poet himself was 21 years old at the time of writing the poem.

And from the first lines we see a lot of metaphors and allegories. Little stars, the poet represents the small lives of people, because compared to the whole world, one human life is nothing, but for the person himself, his life is a priceless gift. And everyone wants to live it not in vain, everyone wants to understand and find their purpose in this life as early as possible. Find the business that you like, find those people who will be with you, despite all your shortcomings, and will share with you both grief and joy. And if the stars are lit, then someone needs it. This means that every life is important, no matter how bad a person does, his life is only his business, but at the same time, it is reflected in many others. Both directly and indirectly.

Another subtext of the poem "Listen", Vladimir Mayakovsky himself reflects on his own life. After all, at the age of 21, the young poet had not yet had time to finally settle in his work, and his reflections on the topic, "maybe I'm doing the wrong thing?" seen in this work. Although Mayakovsky considered himself a genius of the pen, at that moment he was clearly tormented by doubts about whether he was doing the right thing when he picked up a pen. After all, most people did not like his creations. And now, like any other young man, he needs a star. A star, that is, a goal that he will set before himself and will rapidly go towards it. Purpose is needed for young people to spend their energy on something truly important.

Therefore, finding your place in life is already tantamount to living half your life. After all, it happens that people realize that they have been doing something wrong all their lives, only already lying on their deathbed, and at such moments you can no longer turn back time. Therefore, the poet is trying to draw our attention to the fact that not everyone can understand the meaning of life, and that this is very important. And this is exactly what you need to pray to God, and thank fate.

Briefly according to the plan

Picture to the poem Listen!

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