1. In the main subgroups of the periodic system, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with:
- a decrease in the radius of atoms;
- an increase in the number of energy levels in atoms;
- a decrease in the number of protons in the nuclei of atoms;
- an increase in the number of valence electrons.
2. In periods, the reducing properties of atoms of chemical elements with an increase in their serial number:
- weaken;
- intensify;
- do not change;
- change periodically.
3. The greatest restorative activity has:
4. In the row B - C - N - O (from left to right) non-metallic properties:
- weaken;
- intensify;
- do not change;
- change periodically.
5. In the series Na→K→Rb→Cs, the ability of metals to donate electrons:
- weakens
- intensifies
- does not change
- changes periodically;
6. The most pronounced metallic properties are:
7. The number of elements that form the following substances: carbine, fullerene, activated carbon, coke, soot - is equal to:
- alone
- four;
8. The number of elements forming the following substances: light water, heavy water, super heavy water, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, ozone - is equal to:
- six
- two;
9. Which statement is not true:
- elements - non-metals in the Periodic system of D.I. Mendeleev is almost three times less than the elements - metals.
- for elements - non-metals, the phenomenon of allotropy is more characteristic than for elements - metals.
- all elements - non-metals have the properties of allotropy.
- the reasons for allotropy for non-metals are: the different structure of crystal lattices and the different number of atoms in molecules.
10. In the period with an increase in the charge of the atomic nucleus, chemical elements observe:
- an increase in the atomic radius and an increase in the electronegativity value;
- an increase in the atomic radius and a decrease in the value of electronegativity;
- a decrease in the atomic radius and an increase in the value of electronegativity;
- a decrease in the atomic radius and a decrease in the value of electronegativity;
11. The main properties are enhanced in the series:
- NaOH - Mg (OH) 2 - Al (OH) 3,
- Be (OH) 2 - Mg (OH) 2 - Ca (OH) 2,
- Ba (OH) 2 - Sr (OH) 2 - Ca (OH) 2,
- Al (OH) 3 - Mg (OH) 2 - Be (OH) 2;
12. Rb and Sr have the same:
- atomic radii,
- relative electronegativity value,
- degree of oxidation,
- the number of electronic layers;
13. Which statement from the general characteristics of the properties of subgroups of alkali metals is not true:
- the atoms of all elements contain one electron at the outer level,
- these elements form simple substances - metals that have the property of the photoelectric effect,
- the photoelectric effect is most pronounced in cesium,
- with an increase in the serial number of the atoms of these elements, the hardness of the metals they form increases;
14. The same numerical value, but the opposite charge of the oxidation state in a volatile hydrogen compound and in a higher oxide has an element:
- carbon
- oxygen;
15. The properties of the higher oxides of the elements of the third period are changed as follows:
- from amphoteric through basic to acidic,
- from basic through acidic to amphoteric,
- from basic through amphoteric to acidic.
- from acidic through amphoteric to acidic;
16. Which of the following statements is true:
- all halogens exhibit only oxidizing properties,
- chlorine atom has the highest electorality
- fluorine exhibits only oxidizing properties,
- the oxidation state of fluorine in the F 2 O compound is +1.
Patterns of changes in the chemical properties of elements and their compounds by periods and groups.
1
1) N, B, C 2) N, P, As 3) Na, Mg, K 4) B, Si, N
2. In an iron atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
1) 0 2) 3 3) 1 4) 4
3 . The number of electrons in the ion S 2-
1) 16 2) 32 3) 18 4) 30
4
1) Ca 2) K 3) Al 4) Si
5. Which element has the most metallic properties?
1) Li 2) Fe 3) Na 4) Mg
6 .Chemical elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii
1) K, Rb, Cs 2) Rb, Sr, In 3) Al, Na, Mg 4) O, S, Cl
7
1) an increase in the number of neutrons in the nucleus
2) a decrease in the radius of atoms
3) an increase in the number of electrons in the outer energy level
4) an increase in the radius of atoms
8. The number of electrons in the Fe 2+ ion
1) 23 2) 24 3) 26 4) 56
9.
1) Si 2) P 3) S 4) Cl
10. Which element has the most non-metallic properties?
1) Si 2) P 3) Br 4) Cl
11 .Chemical elements are arranged in decreasing order of their atomic radii
1) Ba, Cd, Sb 2) In, Pb, Sb 3) Cs, Na, H 4) Br, Se, As
12. In the chlorine atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
1) 3 2) 0 3) 1 4) 5
13. The number of electrons in the ion P 3-
1) 10 2) 12 3) 18 4) 31
14 . Has the greatest restorative activity
1) Ba 2) Ca 3) Al 4) Si
15 . Which element has the most metallic properties?
1) Ca 2) Fe 3) Be 4) Mg
16. In which order are the elements arranged in ascending order of their atomic radius?
1) Na, Mg, Al, Si 2) Li, Be, B, C 3) P, S, Cl, Ar 4) F, O, N, C
17. What is the electron configuration of the most active metal atom?
1) 1S 2 2S 2 2p 1 2) 1S 2 2S 2 2p 6 3S 1 3) 1S 2 2S 2 4) 1S 2 2S 2 2p 6 3S 2 3p 1
18 . For elements of the carbon subgroup, with increasing atomic number, the
1) atomic radius 2) charge of the nucleus of an atom
3) number of valence electrons in atoms 4) electronegativity
19 . The number of energy levels and the number of outer electrons of the chlorine atom are equal, respectively
1) 4 and 6 2) 2 and 5 3) 3 and 7 4) 4 and 5
20. An atom of a chemical element, the highest oxide of which is RO 3, has the configuration of an external energy level
1) nS 2 np 4 2) nS 2 np 3 3) nS 2 np 2 4) nS 2 np 6
21 . All valence elekirons of an atom are located on the 4s-energy sublevel
1) iron 2) calcium 3) carbon 4) sulfur
22. In order of increasing electronegativity, the elements are arranged in the following order:
1) C, N, O 2) Si, Al, Mg 3) Mg, Ca, Ba 4) P, S, Si
23. Decreases over the period from left to right
1) atomic radius of elements 2) number of valence electrons in atoms
3) electronegativity of elements 4) acidic properties of hydroxides
24. In the series of chemical elements NaMgAlSi
1) the number of valence electrons in atoms increases
2) the number of electron layers in atoms decreases
3) the number of protons in the nuclei of atoms decreases
4) the radii of atoms increase
25. Hydrogen compounds show the strongest acidic properties.
1) H 2 O 2) NH 3 3) P 4 4) PH 3
26. The electronic configuration 1S 2 2S 2 2p 6 3S 2 3p 6 3d 1 has an ion
1) Ca 2+ 2) Al 3+ 3) K + 4) Sc 2+
27. An atom has the largest radius
1) bromine 2) arsenic 3) barium 4) tin
28 . In the series of oxides SiO 2 - P 2 O 5 - SO 3 - Cl 2 O 7 acidic properties
1) increase 2) decrease
3) do not change 4) first decrease, then increase
29
1) Ca 2) Br 3) C 4) Kr
30 . The largest number of neutrons is contained in an atom
1) nitrogen 2) potassium 3) arsenic 4) zinc
31. An element whose atom contains 19 protons is called
1) potassium 2) scandium 3) zirconium 4) strontium
32. An ion containing 16 protons and 18 electrons has a charge
1) +4 2) -2 3) +2 4) -4
33 . In the main subgroups of the periodic system, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with
1) a decrease in the radius of atoms
2) an increase in the number of energy levels in atoms
3) a decrease in the number of protons in the nuclei of atoms
4) an increase in the number of valence electrons
34 . In periods, the reducing properties of atoms of chemical elements with an increase in their serial number
35. Has the greatest restorative activity
1) Li 2) Be 3) B 4) S
36 . In the series ВСNO non-metallic properties
1) weaken 2) increase 3) do not change 4) change periodically
37 . In the NaKRbCs series, the ability of metals to donate electrons
1) weaken 2) increase 3) do not change 4) change periodically
38. The sum of protons, neutrons and electrons in the 40 Ca ion is
1) 40 2) 60 3) 30 4) 50
39. In the series of elements nitrogen-oxygen-fluorine increases
1) hydrogen valence 2) number of energy levels
3) number of external electrons 4) number of unpaired electrons
40. The largest number of protons is contained in an atom
1) calcium 2) iron 3) sodium 4) sulfur
41. In order of decreasing atomic radius are the elements
1) boron, aluminum, gallium 3) boron, carbon, silicon
2) potassium, sodium, lithium 4) krypton, xenon, radon
41. Particles are arranged in order of increasing radius
42. Particles are arranged in order of decreasing radius
1) N 5+, N 0, N 3- 2) S 6+, S 0, S 4+ 3) S 2-, S 0, S 4+ 4) Cl -, Cl 5+, Cl 7+
43. Has the smallest radius
1) K + ion 2) Na atom 3) Li atom 4) Li + ion
1. In what row are the chemical elements arranged in order of increasing charges of the nuclei of atoms?
1) B, N, C 2) O, Se, S 3) Br, CI, F 4) Be, Mg, Ca
2. The highest reducing activity has
1) Si 2) P 3) S 4) CI
3. In what series of chemical elements B → C → N
1) metallic properties are enhanced
2) reducing properties weaken
3) the electronegativity of atoms decreases
4) the highest degree of oxidation in oxides decreases
4. In which row are the chemical elements arranged in order of weakening of their non-metallic properties?
1) Be → B → C 2) Ga → AI → B 3) S → CI → Ar 4) CI → Br → I
5) In which row are the chemical elements arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii?
1) N, B, C 2) N, P, As 3) Na, Mg, K 4) B, Si, N
6) The lowest degree of oxidation in the series of chemical elements fluorine - oxygen - carbon
1) increases 2) does not change 3) decreases 4) changes periodically
7) The highest oxide of the EO composition is formed by all elements
1) IV A group 2) IIA group 3) IV period 4) II period
8) In the series of hydroxides B (OH) 3 → AI (OH) 3 → TI (OH) 3, the properties of hydroxides change from
1) basic to acid 2) amphoteric to acid
3) acidic to basic 4) amphoteric to basic
Plan:
1. Chemical sign
2. Ordinal number, atomic mass (rel.) Ar
3.Period, group, subgroup (main, secondary)
4. The structure of the atom, the charge of the nucleus, the number of energetic. levels, distribution of elements by levels, electronic formulas, including graphic
5.Possible oxidation states
6. Comparison of the redox activity of an element with neighbors by period and subgroup, reducing properties, oxidizing properties
7. Formulas of compounds (classes), which may include this chemical. element
8.-
9.-
10.-
.........
2. Which of the following oxides will interact with an aqueous solution of sodium:
a) P O b) CuO c) MgO d) NO
3. Based on the position of the element in the periodic system, find a correspondence between the names of the elements and their characteristics:
1) Silicon a) Number of electrons in an atom 14
2) Sodium b) Forms a volatile hydrogen compound
3) Sulfur composition RH
c) The distribution of electrons in an atom corresponds to the series 2, 8.1.
d) The electronic formula of the element 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
e) Among these elements, it exhibits the greatest non-metallic activity.
4. What type of bond will arise between the elements, the charge of the nuclei of which is +3 and +9, when compounds are formed between them:
a) ionic
b) covalent polar
c) covalent non-polar
d) metal
Select the main air pollutant:a) N b) HO (steam) c) SO d) H e) NH
Indicate the harmful effects of an increase in its concentration in the atmosphere.
Determine the mass of carbon monoxide (IV), which can be obtained by the interaction of calcium carbonate weighing 7 grams. With a solution of hydrochloric acid weighing 20 g, in which the mass fraction of HCI is 15%.
HELP PLEASE!!! AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!
Option 1
1) N, B, C 2) N, P, As 3) Na, Mg, K 4) B, Si, N
2. In an iron atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
3. The number of electrons in the ion S 2-
4
1) Ca 2) K 3) Al 4) Mg
5.
1) Li 2) Fe 3) Na 4) Mg
Option 2
1. Chemical elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii
1) K, Rb, Cs 2) Rb, Sr, In 3) Al, Na, Mg 4) O, S, Cl
2. In the main subgroups of the periodic system, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with
1) an increase in the number of neutrons in the nucleus
2) a decrease in the radius of atoms
4) an increase in the radius of atoms
3. The number of electrons in the Fe 2+ ion
4 . Has the greatest restorative activity
1) Si 2) P 3) S 4) Cl
5. The highest oxide of the EO composition is formed by all elements
1) IVA group 3) IV period
2) IIV groups 4) IIA groups
Periodic Law and Periodic System
Option 3
1 .Chemical elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii
1) Ga, Ge, As 2) Al, Ga, Ge 3) As, P, Ge 4) Se, As, Ge
2. In the zinc atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
3. The number of electrons in the ion Sc 3+
4 . Has the greatest restorative activity
1) In 2) Tl 3) Ga 4) Al
5. The highest oxide of the composition EO2 is formed by all elements
1) IVA group 3) IV period
2) Group IIA 4) Period II
Periodic Law and Periodic System
Option 4
1. Chemical elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii
1) Mn, Fe, Co 2) Mn, Cr, Fe 3) Al, Sc, Ti 4) Ni, Cr, Sc
2. In side subgroups of the periodic system, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with
1) an increase in the radius of atoms
2) a decrease in the radius of atoms
3) an increase in the number of electrons in the outer energy level
4) an increase in the charge of the nucleus
3. The number of electrons in the Cl ion -
4 . Has the greatest restorative activity
1) Br 2) As 3) Ga 4) Ge
5. Which element has the most metallic properties?
1) K 2) Rb 3) Cs 4) Sr
Periodic Law and Periodic System
Option 5
1. The chemical elements are arranged in decreasing order of their atomic radii
1) Zn, Cd, Ca 2) Cl, Br, F 3) In, Sn, Sb 4) Br, Se, As
2. In a titanium atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
3. The number of electrons in the Cu 2+ ion
4 . Has the greatest restorative activity
1) Mn 2) Ca 3) K 4) Rb
5. Which element has the most metallic properties?
1) Fe 2) Al 3) Ba 4) Ca
Periodic Law and Periodic System
Option 6
1 .Chemical elements are arranged in decreasing order of their atomic radii
1) Pb, Sn, Ge 2) Ga, In, Ta 3) K, Rb, Cs 4) Li, Na, K
2. In the main subgroups of the periodic system, the oxidizing power of atoms of chemical elements increases with
1) an increase in the number of energy levels
2) an increase in the number of protons in the nucleus
3) decrease in the radius of the atom
4) increase in the number of valence electrons
3. In the series N®P®Si®Al
3) the highest degree of oxidation of elements increases
4 . The highest oxidation state in a series of chemical elements
gallium-germanium-arsenic-selenium
1) increases
2) does not change
3) decreases
4) first decreases, then increases
5. The highest oxide of the composition E 2O3 is formed by all elements
1) IIIA group 3) VIA group
2) Group IVA 4) Group VIIA
Periodic Law and Periodic System
Option 7
Chemical elements are arranged in ascending order of their atomic radii
1) Ba, Cd, Ra 2) In, Pb, Sb 3) Cs, Na, H 4) Br, Se, As
2. In the chlorine atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is
3. In the C®Si®P®S series
1) the number of energy levels in atoms increases
2) the metallic properties of the elements are enhanced
3) the highest degree of oxidation of elements decreases
4) weaken the metallic properties of the elements
4. The highest oxidation state in a series of chemical elements
indium-tin-antimony-tellurium
1) decreases
2) does not change
3) increases
4) first increases, then decreases
5. Which element has the most metallic properties?
