Tatyana Mironova an extraordinary journey into ancient Russia. Grammar of the Old Russian language for children

BEFORE A LONG ROAD(instead of preface)

Grammar ... - my future reader will disappointedly stretch out and wrinkle his nose. Wait! Do not rush to close the book! This grammar is not easy. It has many wonders.

First miracle. You will learn how your ancestors spoke seven hundred years ago. You will hear how they called each other, how they resolved state disputes, what they taught their children, even how they quarreled among themselves, you will hear. You will be able to read the real old Russian letters, annals, prayers. And be sure, this is how they wrote and prayed in Ancient Russia. And children's rhymes and teasers in this grammar are also real, ancient, not invented.

Miracle second. You will see what land your ancestors lived on, what cities, monasteries, temples, houses they had. "Grammar" will tell you how the ancient Russian people created books and icons, how they traded and fought, defending their native land from enemies. You will also find out how your peers studied in ancient Russian schools, what games they played, what funny little men they drew in their student notebooks. All this is not invented, not composed. Archaeologists and historians learned about this by reading birch-bark writings and chronicles, finding during excavations darkened military helmets, weapons, fragments of jugs for mixing paints and necklaces with extinct stones during excavations. In the "grammar" ancient things came to life: old Russian swords and helmets acquired their former elegant brilliance, the strict faces of saints on the icons shone with a warm light, and instead of ancient clay cuttings - steep-sided painted jugs. You can see them and... almost touch them!

And finally, the main miracle. "Grammar" will teach you the Old Russian language. And then sheets of handwritten books of deep antiquity will open before you, they will tell you about many amazing deeds, and the feats of arms of our ancestors, they will enlighten, teach wisdom, give support for many years.

So do not hurry to close this book, my future reader, but go to An extraordinary journey to Ancient Russia...

treasure hunters

Vanya opened his eyes. Finding a knot hole in the shutters, a pale beam seeped into the room. The clock on the wall showed half past six. Thank God I didn't oversleep. At six o'clock they are to meet Vaska on the footbridge that leads to the Chudinovsky ravine, where, as it turned out yesterday, archeological excavations have been going on for a week.

Since the beginning of summer, Vanya and Vasya have been visiting their grandmothers, whose houses on the outskirts of Novgorod were buried in July lush greenery. In what only friends did not replay games in a month - and in the war, and in the towns, and in the chizhik, in the "classics" and then they jumped. Vanya even read books, but at his grandmother, Vera Vasilievna, there are not too many of them, new books. She has a whole chest of old ones. Vanya's grandmother is a believer. Every evening she opens a thick book in a wooden, leather-covered binding, the book lies on a table in front of the icons, and begins to read measuredly:

Lord God Ours, hedgehogped in the days of Seis the word, business and estimate, Jaco, the good and man-sorry forgiveness: Miren Son and Cranny Darui Mi: An Angel of Your Guardian Ambassador, covers and observing me from all slander: Yako you are the keeper soul and telemight , AND WE SEND THE GLORY TO THE FATHER AND THE SON AND THE HOLY SPIRIT NOW AND FOREVER AND FOREVER. AMEN.

Grandmother reads a prayer, and Vanya, listening to her soft muttering, is surprised at unfamiliar words. How is it "sinned"? Probably "sinned"? That's what my grandmother would say. But this is "now and ever and forever and ever" ... Wonderful " ! Vanya keeps trying to ask his grandmother about it, but he is embarrassed to interrupt his grandmother's reading, and Vanya does not have enough strength to wait until the grandmother finishes reading, he falls asleep. In the morning there is nothing to ask about, outlandish words heard in the evening are forgotten during the night ...

Boredom enveloped Vanya and Vasya like a viscous midday stuffiness. Last night, sitting on the pond with fishing rods, they lazily gnawed seeds, spitting the husks into the green lace of the pond duckweed, occasionally and reluctantly pulling the fishing rods ashore to replace the worm gnawed by cunning and cautious crucian carp. It was too lazy to talk.

Along a bumpy dirt road trimmed with high weeds, a truck was dusted, in the back of which, holding on to the sides, sat guys in spacious green jackets and wide-brimmed hats. Bouncing on potholes, the truck disappeared around the bend.

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BEFORE A LONG ROAD(instead of preface)

Grammar ... - my future reader will disappointedly stretch out and wrinkle his nose. Wait! Do not rush to close the book! This grammar is not easy. It has many wonders.

So do not hurry to close this book, my future reader, but go to An extraordinary journey to Ancient Russia...

treasure hunters

The students have gone, - Vasya yawned drowsily. - Grandmother says they are digging in the Chudinovsky ravine.

Pipes change? - Vanya lazily clarified, he was used to the fact that students, and his older brother was a student of a technological institute, are always thrown out to urgently change leaky pipes. Vasya shook his head, looking at the half-eaten worm in the palm of his hand:

Grandmother says they are from the university. They came to her, asked what and where it was before the war, they dig up ancient monuments, look for coins, rings ...

Coins?! - Drowsiness vanished, Vanya stared at Vasya. - And you are silent! They're looking for treasure, don't you understand?! And we are sitting here with crucians!

Vanya jumped up and hurriedly pulled the fishing line out of the water with a cork dangling on it and a white feather that replaced the float, began fussily winding the fishing line on a long flexible rod. Continuing to speak quickly, Vanya for some reason switched to a whisper:

Since the expedition has arrived, it means that there is definitely a treasure. So many people will not be sent in vain, understand ?! They probably have a map, and there the place of the burial place is marked with a cross. Do you know how it's done? Have you read Treasure Island? A gang of pirates hides the loot, draws a plan, marks where the treasure is hidden, then the main pirate kills everyone, and pockets the map. Well, after his death, the card went to roam from hand to hand. You look, and you got to what a big professor, he sent the students for the treasure, he himself can’t, go, it’s painfully old. They are digging treasure, and you and I are guarding the floats.

Wow! Vasya laughed uncertainly. - Pirates! We never had them here.

There were no pirates? And the earplugs?! Who robbed merchants along Ilmen? Yes, after them, as many treasures as you like left! Drop your yellowfins. Went!

They hid their fishing rods under a huge, three-girth oak, here they left a rusty can of worms, and hurriedly moved along the track, soft from thick dust, to a ravine overgrown with sparse shrubs.

The boys saw the excavation site immediately. It was a courtyard fenced with low, freshly planed stakes, from which tunnels dug into the depths of the ravine ran like narrow beams. Several people with small shovels, and some with their hands, carefully raked the ground, swept it with brooms and brushes. The sifted earth in buckets and on a stretcher was carried to the road and poured into heaps. Next to the stakes, on a whitish tarpaulin, there were things that had darkened with time, similar to those that Vanya and his grandmother had seen in the museum of the Novgorod Kremlin - cuttings, beads, a serrated knife with a bone handle, greenish-brown rings, a fragment of an iron stick. "Not a lot," thought Vanya and pushed Vasya in the side.

You see, they haven't reached the treasure yet. So let's search.

Where? Here?! They'll see! - Vasya shook his head, the place was really open.

What about the night? Vanya was resolute.

Well, no, - rested Vasya. - What can you dig up in the dark, and your grandmother will not let you go.

Then early in the morning, - Vanya compliantly agreed, he understood that his grandmother Vera Vasilievna would not be happy with her grandson's nightly absences.

On that they decided, finally agreeing on the way back that they would start digging early in the morning, while the students were sleeping, and let the grandmothers think that they had gone to the river to fish ...

The morning was foggy, the sun's rays could not break through the dense milky veil that covered the meadow and forest. In the dense fog, the bridge was not visible, but Vanya habitually walked along the road, knowing its every turn. Here is the bridge, but Vasya was not on it. "He probably overslept," Vanya sighed dejectedly, but, peering into the fog, he noticed a dark figure moving towards the bridge. He hurriedly stepped forward, but then, with surprise, he saw that not one person in front, but two, were walking, in a hurry, almost running. Vanya darted under the bridge, into the burning thickets of nettles sticky with dew, hid.

The old log bridge creaked strainedly. Voices were heard.

Well, fog, - Vanya heard over his head, one spoke.

It's good, - answered another.

Shaking off the dust and earth that had fallen on his head, rubbing his knees burned with nettles, Vanya looked after the guys who had disappeared into the fog for a long time. They obviously went to the excavation. "The devil brought them," Vanya was annoyed at the inopportunely appeared students. "Okay, let's see what they got up so early."

And then, finally, Vasya appeared. He ran, clutching his clothes and a paper bundle to his chest with both hands.

I overslept, - out of breath, Vasya blurted out, pushed the bundle to Vanya and put his foot in the trouser leg, - you see, I didn’t even have time to get dressed.