Option No. 6965939
When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).
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Version for printing and copying in MS Word
Indicate the numbers of sentences in which the MAIN information contained in the text is correctly conveyed. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) The German engineer Rudolf Gantenbrink created a special robot to explore the ventilation shafts in the Great Pyramid, and this invention glorified the scientist.
2) A robot created by engineer Gantenbrink, exploring the ventilation shaft in the Great Pyramid, discovered a mysterious door in this shaft, and this news shocked the whole world.
3) Robotics engineer Rudolf Gantenbrink, while exploring the ventilation shaft of the Great Pyramid with the help of a controlled robot, made an amazing discovery: there is a door in the shaft.
4) The robot of Rudolf Gantenbrink, having done half the way in one of the mines of Cairo, sent a clear video image to the operator.
5) In March 1993, the sensational news spread around the world that an unknown robotics engineer Rudolf Gantenbrink had created a radio-controlled robot.
Answer:
Which of the following words or combinations of words should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
Against,
Hence,
Apparently,
Probably,
Answer:
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word WORK. Determine in what sense this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
JOB, -s, female
1) Being in action, the activity of something, the process of converting energy of one type into another. R. machines.
2) Occupation, work. Physical r.
3) Service, occupation on some n. enterprise, institution as a source of income. To get a job.
4) pl. Production activity for the creation, processing of something. Irrigation work.
5) Product of labor, finished product. Printed works.
Answer:
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
make it easier
airports
seal
Answer:
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write this word correctly.
On a difficult track, it was not the owners of the most powerful engines that gained the advantage, but the most TECHNICAL racers.
Kolosentsev immediately got up with a BUSINESS look.
She considered herself a backward, UNSUCCESSFUL being, doomed to live a dull, hard life.
Wait! - he interrupted me excitedly. - You put me in a HIGHLIGHTING position.
ROMANTIC irony, gothic degrading parody, a fighting street song, forms of small magazine-satirical (colloquial) genres, Shrovetide laughter are uniquely combined in Heine's wonderful poetic satire.
Answer:
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.
fragrance SHAMPOO
in seven hundred miles
more LONG
MOKLA in the rain
several young ladies
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS | SUGGESTIONS | |
A) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition B) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate C) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover D) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech D) violation in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members | 1) It was completely dark in houses, squares, parks, it was deep night, from which something mysterious and mysterious blew. 2) Without thinking for a second, Fedya rushed across the path of a cyclist who was riding straight at little Dasha. 3) A small forest near the village, a tiny pond behind the garden, a small grandmother's house - all this seemed to Nikolenka a huge world full of adventures. 4) The father promised that upon arrival from a business trip he would certainly tell in all details what he had seen abroad. 5) All those who have found the strength in themselves to resist evil in relation to man will not allow cruelty in relation to nature either. 6) When everyone expressed their point of view, we, after weighing all the pros and cons, made a compromise decision. 7) D.S. Likhachev writes that "an intellectual can be recognized by the absence of aggressiveness, suspicion, his own inferiority complex, and gentleness of behavior in him." 8) Everyone who was on that memorable day at Anna Dmitrievna's evening was struck by the luxurious decoration of her house. 9) After thinking a little, the professor said that even I, being an experienced surgeon, was not ready to take on such a complex operation, and it became clear that I, a doctor just starting my practice, could not cope. |
| A | B | AT | G | D |
Answer:
Define-de-li-those word, in some-rum pro-for-shche-on without-stress-che-re-du-yu-shcha-ya-sya vowel of the root. You-pi-shi-te this word, inserting a missed letter.
appr..speech
see. to-vat (food)
pok .. siv-shi-sya (fence)
exercise
subtraction
Answer:
Find a row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.
pr..follow, (c) pr..dacha
vz..small, ob..sk
be..tasty, ..shaved (beard)
pr .. raised, pr .. lay down
with .. voice, pr .. image
Answer:
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
pressure..quiet
imprint..
move..my
Answer:
You-pi-shi-those word, in some rum in place of the miss-pus-ka-pi-shet-sya letter I.
re-re-st-ro..ny
finished
not-acceptable..my
hope.. you
climbed up .. who
Answer:
Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
This person, UNKNOWN to anyone, behaved as if he knew everyone well.
Money to our hero was constantly (NOT) ENOUGH, because they were spent quickly and stupidly.
Today's performance turned out to be (NOT) MORE INTERESTING than yesterday's.
(NOT) ABLE to speak in public, Demidov was very worried before the meeting.
I did not know how to start a conversation in such an (UN)USUAL environment.
Answer:
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
Yegor sat alone for a long time in a (SEMI) DARK room, then he went out into the dining room, said something, but no one understood what he had (B) in mind.
Krygin TO (SAME) was a specialist in this field, (WITH) known.
My grandmother and I walked (IN) into the depths of the forest, but I didn’t worry at all, because I knew: my grandmother knows this forest well enough TO (Would) find the way back.
SO (SAME) the director talked about the plans of the enterprise for the next year, and everyone (FOR) FOR several hours listened attentively.
The children broke into columns (PO) TWO and (THAT) HOUR set off.
Answer:
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
In mid-September it was windy(1)o; yellow and crimson (2) leaves, doomed (3) about obeying the gusts of wind, desperately (4) round dances circled the streets and squares and, mingling with silver (5) cobwebs, flew away somewhere into the distance.
Answer:
Place punctuation marks. Choose two sentences in which you want to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) I wanted to give my mother a box or a hat or a silk scarf for her birthday.
2) At night it froze and the stars dotted the sky.
3) At the Bird Market, you could both buy your favorite animal and just admire it.
4) Lightning flashed and the forest for a few moments lit up with an inexpressibly bright light, filled with bizarre shadows.
5) Copernicus reflected on the Ptolemaic system of the world and was amazed at its complexity and artificiality, illogicality and confusion.
Answer:
Nikolai Ivanovich (1) being a naturally strong and healthy person (2) that day, for no reason at all, felt ill and (3) immediately interrupting the meeting (4) and (5) calling a car (6) went to his home .
Answer:
Fill in all the missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
- You (1) guys (2) from the middle
Start off. And I will say:
I am not the first shoes
I wear it here without a fix.
Here (3) you (4) arrived at the place,
Guns in hand - and fight.
And which (5) of you (6) knows
What is Sabantuy?
Answer:
Arrange all the signs of pre-pi-na-niya: indicate the number (s), in place of someone swarm (s) in the pre-lo-s-the-s should stand for the fifth (s).
Whether-te-ra-tour-noe pro-from-ve-de-tion cape-whether-elk sti-li-sti-koy as for-mknu-toe and sa-mo-before-attracting whole ( 1) all the elements-you (2) something-ro-go (3) compose a closed system (4) and not pre-la-ha -they are beside themselves no-others
you-sa-say-va-ny.
Answer:
Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.
When Zhenya nevertheless decided to accept Alexander Semyonovich's offer (1) and (2) a letter about this decision had already been sent to his Moscow address (3) she was going to go say goodbye to her aunt (4) so that (5) despite the fact that (6 ) the relationship between them was very difficult (7) to receive a blessing from her.
Answer:
Read sentences 19–29. Specify the number of the sentence, after which the next fragment should be.
“The houses were all overcrowded, and meanwhile the settlers kept coming and coming. They had nowhere to go, and so they scattered huts in the field, where they hid with their families and children in cold and bad weather. Some lived here for a week, two, and others for more than a month, waiting in line on the ship.
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
Answer:
Which of the following statements are faithful? Specify the answer numbers.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Sentence 17 reveals, explains the content of sentence 16.
2) Sentences 20–22 present reasoning.
3) Sentence 36 presents the narrative.
4) Propositions 48-49 point to the consequence of what is said in sentences 46-47.
5) Proposition 67 presents reasoning.
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(2) The caretaker of the resettlement barracks, a retired soldier, with a beard as gray as mouse hair, named Semyon Dmitrievich, or simply Mitrich, went up to his wife and said cheerfully:
- (3) Well, woman, what a thing I thought up! (4) I say, the holiday is coming ... (5) And for everyone it is a holiday, everyone rejoices in it ... (6) Everyone has their own: who has a new thing for the holiday, who will have feasts ... (7) Your room, for example, will be clean, I also have my own pleasure: I will buy sausages for myself! ..
- (8) So what? the old woman said indifferently.
- (9) Otherwise, - Mitrich sighed again, - that everyone will have a holiday as a holiday, but, I say, it turns out for the kids, and there is no real holiday ... (10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds : oh, I think it’s wrong! .. (11) It’s known, orphans ... (12) Neither mother, nor father, nor relatives ... (13) It’s awkward! .. (14) So I thought of this: it’s necessary Amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday. (17) They will bring a Christmas tree, remove it with candles and gifts, and their children just even jump for joy!
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
(30) Returning home, Mitrich did not say a word to his wife, but only laughed silently and, looking at the coin, figured out when and how to arrange everything.
(31) “Eight children,” Mitrich reasoned, bending his clumsy fingers on his hands, “so eight candies ...”
(32) ... It was a clear frosty afternoon. (33) With an ax in his belt, in a sheepskin coat and a hat, Mitrich returned from the forest, dragging a Christmas tree on his shoulder. (34) He had fun, although he was tired. (35) In the morning he went to the city to buy sweets for the children, and sausages for himself and his wife, to which he was a passionate hunter, but he rarely bought it and ate only on holidays.
(36) Mitrich brought a Christmas tree, sharpened the end with an ax; then he adjusted it to stand, and when everything was ready, dragged it to the children in the barracks.
(37) When the tree warmed up, the room smelled of freshness and resin. (38) Children's faces, sad and thoughtful, suddenly cheered up ... (39) No one yet understood what the old man was doing, but everyone already foresaw pleasure, and Mitrich looked cheerfully at the eyes fixed on him from all sides.
(40) When the candles and sweets were already on the Christmas tree, Mitrich thought: the decoration was poor. (41) No matter how fond he was of his idea, however, he could not hang anything on the Christmas tree, except for eight sweets.
(42) Suddenly such an idea came to him that he even stopped. (43) Although he was very fond of sausage and valued every piece, but the desire to treat to glory overpowered all his considerations:
- (44) I will cut off a circle for everyone and hang it on a thread. (45) And slices of bread, and also on the Christmas tree.
(46) As soon as it got dark, the Christmas tree was lit. (47) It smelled of melted wax, resin and greenery. (48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed. (50) Laughter, cries and talk revived for the first time this gloomy room, where from year to year only complaints and tears were heard. (51) Even Agrafena clasped her hands in surprise, and Mitrich, rejoicing from the bottom of her heart, clapped her hands. (52) Admiring the Christmas tree, the children having fun, he smiled. (53) And then he commanded:
- (54) The audience! (55)Come! (56) Taking a piece of bread and sausage from the Christmas tree, Mitrich dressed all the children, then took Agrafene for himself.
- (57) Look, the orphans are chewing! (58) Look, they're chewing! (59) Look! (60) Rejoice! he shouted. (61) And after that, Mitrich took the harmonica and, forgetting his old age, started dancing with the children. (62) The children jumped, squealed merrily and whirled, and Mitrich did not lag behind them. (63) His soul was filled with such joy that he did not remember if such a holiday had ever happened in his life.
- (64) The audience! he exclaimed at last. - (65) Candles burn out. (66) Take your own candy, and it's time to sleep!
(67) The children screamed with joy and rushed to the Christmas tree, and Mitrich, touched almost to tears, whispered to Agrafena:
- (68) Good! .. (69) You can directly say: right! ..
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*Nikolai Dmitrievich Teleshov (1867–1957)- Russian Soviet writer, poet, organizer of the famous circle of Moscow writers "Wednesday" (1899-1916). The story "Yolka Mitrich" (1897) is included in the cycle "Settlers", dedicated to a large migration beyond the Urals, to Siberia, where the peasants were given allotments of land.
(48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed.
Answer:
From sentences 10–16 write out synonyms (synonymous pair).
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(2) The caretaker of the resettlement barracks, a retired soldier, with a beard as gray as mouse hair, named Semyon Dmitrievich, or simply Mitrich, went up to his wife and said cheerfully:
- (3) Well, woman, what a thing I thought up! (4) I say, the holiday is coming ... (5) And for everyone it is a holiday, everyone rejoices in it ... (6) Everyone has their own: who has a new thing for the holiday, who will have feasts ... (7) Your room, for example, will be clean, I also have my own pleasure: I will buy sausages for myself! ..
- (8) So what? the old woman said indifferently.
- (9) Otherwise, - Mitrich sighed again, - that everyone will have a holiday as a holiday, but, I say, it turns out for the kids, and there is no real holiday ... (10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds : oh, I think it’s wrong! .. (11) It’s known, orphans ... (12) Neither mother, nor father, nor relatives ... (13) It’s awkward! .. (14) So I thought of this: it’s necessary Amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday. (17) They will bring a Christmas tree, remove it with candles and gifts, and their children just even jump for joy!
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
(30) Returning home, Mitrich did not say a word to his wife, but only laughed silently and, looking at the coin, figured out when and how to arrange everything.
(31) “Eight children,” Mitrich reasoned, bending his clumsy fingers on his hands, “so eight candies ...”
(32) ... It was a clear frosty afternoon. (33) With an ax in his belt, in a sheepskin coat and a hat, Mitrich returned from the forest, dragging a Christmas tree on his shoulder. (34) He had fun, although he was tired. (35) In the morning he went to the city to buy sweets for the children, and sausages for himself and his wife, to which he was a passionate hunter, but he rarely bought it and ate only on holidays.
(36) Mitrich brought a Christmas tree, sharpened the end with an ax; then he adjusted it to stand, and when everything was ready, dragged it to the children in the barracks.
(37) When the tree warmed up, the room smelled of freshness and resin. (38) Children's faces, sad and thoughtful, suddenly cheered up ... (39) No one yet understood what the old man was doing, but everyone already foresaw pleasure, and Mitrich looked cheerfully at the eyes fixed on him from all sides.
(40) When the candles and sweets were already on the Christmas tree, Mitrich thought: the decoration was poor. (41) No matter how fond he was of his idea, however, he could not hang anything on the Christmas tree, except for eight sweets.
(42) Suddenly such an idea came to him that he even stopped. (43) Although he was very fond of sausage and valued every piece, but the desire to treat to glory overpowered all his considerations:
- (44) I will cut off a circle for everyone and hang it on a thread. (45) And slices of bread, and also on the Christmas tree.
(46) As soon as it got dark, the Christmas tree was lit. (47) It smelled of melted wax, resin and greenery. (48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed. (50) Laughter, cries and talk revived for the first time this gloomy room, where from year to year only complaints and tears were heard. (51) Even Agrafena clasped her hands in surprise, and Mitrich, rejoicing from the bottom of her heart, clapped her hands. (52) Admiring the Christmas tree, the children having fun, he smiled. (53) And then he commanded:
- (54) The audience! (55)Come! (56) Taking a piece of bread and sausage from the Christmas tree, Mitrich dressed all the children, then took Agrafene for himself.
- (57) Look, the orphans are chewing! (58) Look, they're chewing! (59) Look! (60) Rejoice! he shouted. (61) And after that, Mitrich took the harmonica and, forgetting his old age, started dancing with the children. (62) The children jumped, squealed merrily and whirled, and Mitrich did not lag behind them. (63) His soul was filled with such joy that he did not remember if such a holiday had ever happened in his life.
- (64) The audience! he exclaimed at last. - (65) Candles burn out. (66) Take your own candy, and it's time to sleep!
(67) The children screamed with joy and rushed to the Christmas tree, and Mitrich, touched almost to tears, whispered to Agrafena:
- (68) Good! .. (69) You can directly say: right! ..
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*Nikolai Dmitrievich Teleshov (1867–1957)- Russian Soviet writer, poet, organizer of the famous circle of Moscow writers "Wednesday" (1899-1916). The story "Yolka Mitrich" (1897) is included in the cycle "Settlers", dedicated to a large migration beyond the Urals, to Siberia, where the peasants were given allotments of land.
(10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds: oh, I think it’s wrong! (14) So I thought of this: I need to amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday.
Answer:
Among sentences 20-26, find the one(s) that is(-s) related to the previous one with the help of the attributive pronoun, demonstrative pronoun and lexical repetition. Write the number(s) of this offer(s).
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(2) The caretaker of the resettlement barracks, a retired soldier, with a beard as gray as mouse hair, named Semyon Dmitrievich, or simply Mitrich, went up to his wife and said cheerfully:
- (3) Well, woman, what a thing I thought up! (4) I say, the holiday is coming ... (5) And for everyone it is a holiday, everyone rejoices in it ... (6) Everyone has their own: who has a new thing for the holiday, who will have feasts ... (7) Your room, for example, will be clean, I also have my own pleasure: I will buy sausages for myself! ..
- (8) So what? the old woman said indifferently.
- (9) Otherwise, - Mitrich sighed again, - that everyone will have a holiday as a holiday, but, I say, it turns out for the kids, and there is no real holiday ... (10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds : oh, I think it’s wrong! .. (11) It’s known, orphans ... (12) Neither mother, nor father, nor relatives ... (13) It’s awkward! .. (14) So I thought of this: it’s necessary Amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday. (17) They will bring a Christmas tree, remove it with candles and gifts, and their children just even jump for joy!
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
(30) Returning home, Mitrich did not say a word to his wife, but only laughed silently and, looking at the coin, figured out when and how to arrange everything.
(31) “Eight children,” Mitrich reasoned, bending his clumsy fingers on his hands, “so eight candies ...”
(32) ... It was a clear frosty afternoon. (33) With an ax in his belt, in a sheepskin coat and a hat, Mitrich returned from the forest, dragging a Christmas tree on his shoulder. (34) He had fun, although he was tired. (35) In the morning he went to the city to buy sweets for the children, and sausages for himself and his wife, to which he was a passionate hunter, but he rarely bought it and ate only on holidays.
(36) Mitrich brought a Christmas tree, sharpened the end with an ax; then he adjusted it to stand, and when everything was ready, dragged it to the children in the barracks.
(37) When the tree warmed up, the room smelled of freshness and resin. (38) Children's faces, sad and thoughtful, suddenly cheered up ... (39) No one yet understood what the old man was doing, but everyone already foresaw pleasure, and Mitrich looked cheerfully at the eyes fixed on him from all sides.
(40) When the candles and sweets were already on the Christmas tree, Mitrich thought: the decoration was poor. (41) No matter how fond he was of his idea, however, he could not hang anything on the Christmas tree, except for eight sweets.
(42) Suddenly such an idea came to him that he even stopped. (43) Although he was very fond of sausage and valued every piece, but the desire to treat to glory overpowered all his considerations:
- (44) I will cut off a circle for everyone and hang it on a thread. (45) And slices of bread, and also on the Christmas tree.
(46) As soon as it got dark, the Christmas tree was lit. (47) It smelled of melted wax, resin and greenery. (48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed. (50) Laughter, cries and talk revived for the first time this gloomy room, where from year to year only complaints and tears were heard. (51) Even Agrafena clasped her hands in surprise, and Mitrich, rejoicing from the bottom of her heart, clapped her hands. (52) Admiring the Christmas tree, the children having fun, he smiled. (53) And then he commanded:
- (54) The audience! (55)Come! (56) Taking a piece of bread and sausage from the Christmas tree, Mitrich dressed all the children, then took Agrafene for himself.
- (57) Look, the orphans are chewing! (58) Look, they're chewing! (59) Look! (60) Rejoice! he shouted. (61) And after that, Mitrich took the harmonica and, forgetting his old age, started dancing with the children. (62) The children jumped, squealed merrily and whirled, and Mitrich did not lag behind them. (63) His soul was filled with such joy that he did not remember if such a holiday had ever happened in his life.
- (64) The audience! he exclaimed at last. - (65) Candles burn out. (66) Take your own candy, and it's time to sleep!
(67) The children screamed with joy and rushed to the Christmas tree, and Mitrich, touched almost to tears, whispered to Agrafena:
- (68) Good! .. (69) You can directly say: right! ..
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*Nikolai Dmitrievich Teleshov (1867–1957)- Russian Soviet writer, poet, organizer of the famous circle of Moscow writers "Wednesday" (1899-1916). The story "Yolka Mitrich" (1897) is included in the cycle "Settlers", dedicated to a large migration beyond the Urals, to Siberia, where the peasants were given allotments of land.
Answer:
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed in tasks 20–23.
This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the numbers of the terms from the list. Write in the table under each letter the corresponding number.
Write down the sequence of numbers without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
“Telling the reader the story of the holiday organized by Mitrich, N.D. Teleshov generously uses the most diverse means of artistic expression. At the lexical level, it is worth noting the active use of (A)_____ (“theirs” in sentence 17, “fit” in sentence 36, “Mitrich”), as well as such a trope as (B)_____ (in sentence 2). Among other means of expressiveness, one can single out such a device as (C) _____ (for example, in sentences 15-16, 57-58), and such a syntactic means as (D) _____ (in sentences 3, 68, 69).
List of terms
1) synonyms
2) comparison
3) metonymy
5) colloquial vocabulary
6) rows of homogeneous members
7) rhetorical exclamations
8) anaphora
9) rhetorical appeals
Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | AT | G |
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(2) The caretaker of the resettlement barracks, a retired soldier, with a beard as gray as mouse hair, named Semyon Dmitrievich, or simply Mitrich, went up to his wife and said cheerfully:
- (3) Well, woman, what a thing I thought up! (4) I say, the holiday is coming ... (5) And for everyone it is a holiday, everyone rejoices in it ... (6) Everyone has their own: who has a new thing for the holiday, who will have feasts ... (7) Your room, for example, will be clean, I also have my own pleasure: I will buy sausages for myself! ..
- (8) So what? the old woman said indifferently.
- (9) Otherwise, - Mitrich sighed again, - that everyone will have a holiday as a holiday, but, I say, it turns out for the kids, and there is no real holiday ... (10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds : oh, I think it’s wrong! .. (11) It’s known, orphans ... (12) Neither mother, nor father, nor relatives ... (13) It’s awkward! .. (14) So I thought of this: it’s necessary Amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday. (17) They will bring a Christmas tree, remove it with candles and gifts, and their children just even jump for joy!
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
(30) Returning home, Mitrich did not say a word to his wife, but only laughed silently and, looking at the coin, figured out when and how to arrange everything.
(31) “Eight children,” Mitrich reasoned, bending his clumsy fingers on his hands, “so eight candies ...”
(32) ... It was a clear frosty afternoon. (33) With an ax in his belt, in a sheepskin coat and a hat, Mitrich returned from the forest, dragging a Christmas tree on his shoulder. (34) He had fun, although he was tired. (35) In the morning he went to the city to buy sweets for the children, and sausages for himself and his wife, to which he was a passionate hunter, but he rarely bought it and ate only on holidays.
(36) Mitrich brought a Christmas tree, sharpened the end with an ax; then he adjusted it to stand, and when everything was ready, dragged it to the children in the barracks.
(37) When the tree warmed up, the room smelled of freshness and resin. (38) Children's faces, sad and thoughtful, suddenly cheered up ... (39) No one yet understood what the old man was doing, but everyone already foresaw pleasure, and Mitrich looked cheerfully at the eyes fixed on him from all sides.
(40) When the candles and sweets were already on the Christmas tree, Mitrich thought: the decoration was poor. (41) No matter how fond he was of his idea, however, he could not hang anything on the Christmas tree, except for eight sweets.
(42) Suddenly such an idea came to him that he even stopped. (43) Although he was very fond of sausage and valued every piece, but the desire to treat to glory overpowered all his considerations:
- (44) I will cut off a circle for everyone and hang it on a thread. (45) And slices of bread, and also on the Christmas tree.
(46) As soon as it got dark, the Christmas tree was lit. (47) It smelled of melted wax, resin and greenery. (48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed. (50) Laughter, cries and talk revived for the first time this gloomy room, where from year to year only complaints and tears were heard. (51) Even Agrafena clasped her hands in surprise, and Mitrich, rejoicing from the bottom of her heart, clapped her hands. (52) Admiring the Christmas tree, the children having fun, he smiled. (53) And then he commanded:
- (54) The audience! (55)Come! (56) Taking a piece of bread and sausage from the Christmas tree, Mitrich dressed all the children, then took Agrafene for himself.
- (57) Look, the orphans are chewing! (58) Look, they're chewing! (59) Look! (60) Rejoice! he shouted. (61) And after that, Mitrich took the harmonica and, forgetting his old age, started dancing with the children. (62) The children jumped, squealed merrily and whirled, and Mitrich did not lag behind them. (63) His soul was filled with such joy that he did not remember if such a holiday had ever happened in his life.
- (64) The audience! he exclaimed at last. - (65) Candles burn out. (66) Take your own candy, and it's time to sleep!
(67) The children screamed with joy and rushed to the Christmas tree, and Mitrich, touched almost to tears, whispered to Agrafena:
- (68) Good! .. (69) You can directly say: right! ..
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*Nikolai Dmitrievich Teleshov (1867–1957)- Russian Soviet writer, poet, organizer of the famous circle of Moscow writers "Wednesday" (1899-1916). The story "Yolka Mitrich" (1897) is included in the cycle "Settlers", dedicated to a large migration beyond the Urals, to Siberia, where the peasants were given allotments of land.
A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is rated 0 points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
(1) It was Christmas Eve...
(2) The caretaker of the resettlement barracks, a retired soldier, with a beard as gray as mouse hair, named Semyon Dmitrievich, or simply Mitrich, went up to his wife and said cheerfully:
- (3) Well, woman, what a thing I thought up! (4) I say, the holiday is coming ... (5) And for everyone it is a holiday, everyone rejoices in it ... (6) Everyone has their own: who has a new thing for the holiday, who will have feasts ... (7) Your room, for example, will be clean, I also have my own pleasure: I will buy sausages for myself! ..
- (8) So what? the old woman said indifferently.
- (9) Otherwise, - Mitrich sighed again, - that everyone will have a holiday as a holiday, but, I say, it turns out for the kids, and there is no real holiday ... (10) I look at them - and my heart bleeds : oh, I think it’s wrong! .. (11) It’s known, orphans ... (12) Neither mother, nor father, nor relatives ... (13) It’s awkward! .. (14) So I thought of this: it’s necessary Amuse the kids! .. (15) I saw a lot of people ... and ours, and I saw everyone ... (16) I saw how they like to amuse children for the holiday. (17) They will bring a Christmas tree, remove it with candles and gifts, and their children just even jump for joy!
(19) Mitrich winked merrily, smacked his lips and went out into the yard.
(20) Around the yard, here and there, wooden houses were scattered, covered with snow, clogged with boards. (21) From early spring to late autumn, settlers passed through the city. (22) There were so many of them, and they were so poor, that good people built these houses for them, which were guarded by Mitrich. (23) By the fall, the houses were vacated, and by winter there was no one left except Mitrich and Agrafena, and even a few children, no one knows whose. (24) For these children, the parents either died or went to no one knows where. (25) Mitrich had eight such children this winter. (26) He settled them all together in one house, where he was going to arrange a holiday today.
(27) First of all, Mitrich went to the church warden to beg for stubs of church candles to decorate the Christmas tree. (28) Then he went to the resettlement official. (29) But the official was busy; without seeing Mitrich, he ordered me to say "thank you" to him and sent a fifty kopeck piece.
(30) Returning home, Mitrich did not say a word to his wife, but only laughed silently and, looking at the coin, figured out when and how to arrange everything.
(31) “Eight children,” Mitrich reasoned, bending his clumsy fingers on his hands, “so eight candies ...”
(32) ... It was a clear frosty afternoon. (33) With an ax in his belt, in a sheepskin coat and a hat, Mitrich returned from the forest, dragging a Christmas tree on his shoulder. (34) He had fun, although he was tired. (35) In the morning he went to the city to buy sweets for the children, and sausages for himself and his wife, to which he was a passionate hunter, but he rarely bought it and ate only on holidays.
(36) Mitrich brought a Christmas tree, sharpened the end with an ax; then he adjusted it to stand, and when everything was ready, dragged it to the children in the barracks.
(37) When the tree warmed up, the room smelled of freshness and resin. (38) Children's faces, sad and thoughtful, suddenly cheered up ... (39) No one yet understood what the old man was doing, but everyone already foresaw pleasure, and Mitrich looked cheerfully at the eyes fixed on him from all sides.
(40) When the candles and sweets were already on the Christmas tree, Mitrich thought: the decoration was poor. (41) No matter how fond he was of his idea, however, he could not hang anything on the Christmas tree, except for eight sweets.
(42) Suddenly such an idea came to him that he even stopped. (43) Although he was very fond of sausage and valued every piece, but the desire to treat to glory overpowered all his considerations:
- (44) I will cut off a circle for everyone and hang it on a thread. (45) And slices of bread, and also on the Christmas tree.
(46) As soon as it got dark, the Christmas tree was lit. (47) It smelled of melted wax, resin and greenery. (48) Always gloomy and thoughtful, the children screamed with joy, looking at the lights. (49) Their eyes brightened, their faces blushed. (50) Laughter, cries and talk revived for the first time this gloomy room, where from year to year only complaints and tears were heard. (51) Even Agrafena clasped her hands in surprise, and Mitrich, rejoicing from the bottom of her heart, clapped her hands. (52) Admiring the Christmas tree, the children having fun, he smiled. (53) And then he commanded:
- (54) The audience! (55)Come! (56) Taking a piece of bread and sausage from the Christmas tree, Mitrich dressed all the children, then took Agrafene for himself.
- (57) Look, the orphans are chewing! (58) Look, they're chewing! (59) Look! (60) Rejoice! he shouted. (61) And after that, Mitrich took the harmonica and, forgetting his old age, started dancing with the children. (62) The children jumped, squealed merrily and whirled, and Mitrich did not lag behind them. (63) His soul was filled with such joy that he did not remember if such a holiday had ever happened in his life.
- (64) The audience! he exclaimed at last. - (65) Candles burn out. (66) Take your own candy, and it's time to sleep!
(67) The children screamed with joy and rushed to the Christmas tree, and Mitrich, touched almost to tears, whispered to Agrafena:
- (68) Good! .. (69) You can directly say: right! ..
(according to N.D. Teleshov*)
*Nikolai Dmitrievich Teleshov (1867–1957)- Russian Soviet writer, poet, organizer of the famous circle of Moscow writers "Wednesday" (1899-1916). The story "Yolka Mitrich" (1897) is included in the cycle "Settlers", dedicated to a large migration beyond the Urals, to Siberia, where the peasants were given allotments of land.
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DJing festival, Broadway musicals, charity events, brass bands, classics, "generators of goodness" and fireworks: how fun it is to spend City Day and the next weekend in Moscow parks.
Moscow's 871st anniversary is being celebrated this weekend in the capital's parks. A 12-hour marathon theater festival in the Hermitage Garden, performances, master classes, a lot of different good music, “generators of goodness” in Sokolniki Park, a DJing festival and a digital art festival in Gorky Park, films about Moscow and evening fireworks. Mosgorpark tells about this and much more in a selection of the most interesting events.
Center of Moscow:
Hermitage Garden
On City Day, the Hermitage Garden will host the Theater March for the sixth time, a large-scale theatrical 12-hour open-air marathon-festival. 10 Moscow theaters will show their performances to the audience, including the Taganka Theater and the Vsevolod Meyerhold Center. Performances will follow one after another continuously, including the organizers have prepared a rich program for children. So, they will be able to see the production of "A Curious Baby Elephant", the play "Cat's House", "Super Detective Mouse", "Princess Donkey Skin" and many others. There is also an interesting program for adults. For example, the Ubertheater of the Meyerhold Center will show an interactive performance, and the orchestra of the Musical Theater named after K.S. Stanislavsky and Vl.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko. The detailed program of the festival is available on the website of the park http://www.mosgorsad.ru or the Taganka Theatre.
Garden them. Bauman
In the garden to them. Bauman on City Day, musical and theater groups will perform, a series of creative master classes will be held, as well as a fundraising campaign to help sick children together with the “Under the flag of goodness” foundation. Zones with master classes in art therapy and making postcards with wishes for a speedy recovery and just good mood will open here, which will later be given to children who are being treated in hospitals. For outdoor enthusiasts, a dance master class will be held, everyone will be able to master the basics of zumba and rumba. The site will be decorated with a thematic photo zone and an art object. The event will end with a film screening and fireworks.
Gorky Park
On September 8, Gorky Park will host a music festival on the fountain square DMC world dj championship, on September 9 from 16:00 - a music festival on the Fields lawn. Also, the park will host the Makers faire digital art festival along with MISIS and the Garage Museum throughout the weekend.
Museon
This weekend Muzeon Park will host fashion designer shows, performances, style master classes, and contemporary music.
Tagansky park
On City Day, visitors to Tagansky will be able to immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the Musical Theatre. Leading actors of Moscow musicals will invite the audience to take part in famous Broadway and Moscow productions. Guests will enjoy performances by soloists from Moscow musicals, fragments of a theatrical show, an interactive musical and theatrical program for children, master classes in retro-style dancing, pop vocals, sports dancing and stage make-up, as well as a master class in acting for the whole family.
Zaryadye Park
On City Day in Zaryadye Park, on the open stage of the Grand Amphitheater, dance and music groups will perform performances that will perform incendiary hits and favorite compositions of the guests. The concert program will be expanded by an original street theater show and a bright performance by a drum orchestra. On the territory of the park, professional illusionists will entertain guests, involving them in animation programs with contests and quizzes. Also, throughout the day, interactive performances for children and adults will be held in the park, and exciting master classes will be held in the Reserve Embassy. The main program of the holiday will end with fireworks.
Park "Krasnaya Presnya"
On City Day in Krasnaya Presnya Park, projects will be presented by Moscow's largest public organizations of the environmental volunteer movement. Sites will be organized where environmental volunteer organizations will be able to talk about the problem of irrational nature management and environmental pollution. On the territory of the park, points for separate collection of garbage will be organized, and volunteers will distribute promotional materials “Separate and Throw” to the guests of the park with a call to reduce the ecological burden on the environment. A platform will also be organized where residents of the Presnensky District will be able to exchange things that have lost their relevance for them, but may be useful to others. The action "Share with your neighbor" is focused on unloading landfills. For children, there will be organized the Tournament of Ecology Experts, as well as master classes, after which everyone will be able to take home a “green souvenir” made by themselves. Guests of the park will be able to listen to the lecture "The priceless gift of nature", as well as take part in the organized tree planting campaign "In harmony with nature".
Also prepared an interesting program for the City Day Moscow Zoo. 8 September from 11:00 am at the main entrance to the zoo there will be a presentation of the Moscow Zoo tour desk, as well as new routes prepared by volunteers who have completed an intensive course at the Moscow Zoo Guide School. From 11:00 to 14:00, guests will be welcomed by an interactive creative platform located on the Ski Circle. It will host open classes at the Moscow Zoo studios - Color, ART-Zebra, Manulyata. Those who come to the zoo in the morning will be able to visit the Klyuev House at the grand opening of the exhibition of the outstanding animal painter M.M. Kukunov, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the artist. Fans of outdoor activities will not be bored either: they will find an exciting zoo quest in the new territory of the zoo. The quest starts at 11:00 at the enclosure with fur seals.
Northeast of Moscow:
Babushkinsky park
On the day of the celebration of the City Day, visitors to Babushkinsky Park are invited to the performance of the brass band with the Moscow Waltz program and ballroom dancing. Also this weekend there will be demonstration performances by the participants of the Moscow Longevity project and master classes. Also on this day, the largest charitable foundations and public organizations will present their projects, baskets for collecting things will appear in the park. Children will be able to make their own souvenirs with the sights of Moscow, and the older generation will dance at the disco "For those who are over ...". In addition, the guests will enjoy the performance of the demonstration symphony orchestra of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (participant of the Spasskaya Tower festival), a film about Moscow and fireworks.
Square on Olonetsky proezd
On City Day, visitors to the park along Olonetsky Proyezd will be treated to a performance by the Sky Band show band, children's creative groups of the North-Eastern Administrative Okrug, street dancers, as well as the Word of Youth festival, The CRUSH DRUMSHOW drum show, and a performance by the Atmosfera street theater with an interactive program. During the festival, a platform will operate in the park, where residents of the Losino-Ostrovsky district will be able to exchange things and clothes.
Park near Jamgarovsky pond
The park near the Jamgarovsky pond invites you to celebrate the City Day on Sunday. On this day, a brass band will perform in the park, students of the music school named after. Sviridov, the musical group "Karogod", and the chapel group The Cup Of Music and the vocal and instrumental ensemble "Dzhiga Dryga".
Lianozovsky park
On September 8, musical and drama theaters will perform on the stage of Lianozovsky Park with musicals and comedy performances. Also, guests will find creative and sports master classes, an animation program, performances by musical groups and a popular pop artist. The theme of the City Day will be charity, and the main theme of Lianozovsky Park is charity for children. Orphanages, foundations, large families and families raising children with disabilities will be invited to the park.
Goncharovsky park
On September 8, guests of Goncharovsky Park will take part in choreographic performances and incendiary musical performances. Theaters with plastic performances and musical groups with different genres of music will perform on the stage. Also, visitors will be entertained by animators who will hold entertaining games and various master classes.
West of Moscow:
Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill
On City Day, a stage will be located in Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill on the Alley of Defenders of Moscow. With congratulations and concert performances will perform the leading role in the musical "Yar" Sofia Dzhalilova, the vocal and instrumental ensemble "Jiga-Dryga", the semi-finalist of the "New Wave" contest Misha Mayer, the finalist of the TV project "X-factor. Main Stage” Yulia Boyko, participants of the TV project “Voice” and “Main Stage” group “18+Project”. The theaters "Muziko" and "Atmosfera" will show their performances. The headliners of the concert will be the End of Film and Opium groups. The festive program will end with a screening of films about Moscow. It will run from 21:00 to 22:00.
Fili Park
This weekend, guests of Fili Park will enjoy bright costumes, a rich interactive program, famous theater and film artists, musical groups, souvenirs, quizzes, contests, as well as acquaintances with charitable foundations that support children with disabilities. Each guest will be able to get acquainted with the projects of the foundations and contribute to their work. All guests of the park will be able to leave good wishes and congratulations on the "Wishing Wall", which will become a symbol of kindness in honor of the celebration of the 871st anniversary of the city. The concert program will be filled with dances and flash mobs, and in the evening, fireworks await the guests of the park.
Park of the 50th Anniversary of October
City Day in the park of the 50th anniversary of October will turn into a festival of new art and creativity. The purpose of the programs is to surprise participants with unusual shows and involve them in a variety of creative processes. Each participant should feel his involvement in something unusual, important, exclusive. Guests will be offered to create interactive installations, invited to unusual master classes, culinary performances and music programs. Charitable foundations will present their projects.
South of Moscow:
Manor "Kolomenskoye"
The celebration dedicated to the City Day will be held on Voznesenskaya Square in Kolomenskoye. Traditionally, on the Day of the City of Moscow, the museum-reserve will host street concerts, master classes, playgrounds, attractions, a honey fair, carriage rides, as well as numerous exhibitions and expositions. Next to the stage on Voznesenskaya Square, the "Town of Masters" will unfold - free master classes and classes in folk crafts, in which anyone could take part. In the old apple-tree Kazan garden, at the intersection of the Main and Lipovaya alleys, from 13:00 to 17:00, the children's playground "Apple Noon" will be open. Participants of master classes will present their works on the decorated area, everyone will be able to leave a chalk drawing on the pavement, as well as draw coloring pictures together with the kids. A Wish Tree will also be installed here, on which you can hang an apple made by yourself with your cherished dream. The playground is designed for children of all ages and their parents.
Park "Gardeners"
As part of the celebration of City Day, Sadovniki Park will host a charity bike ride in support of charitable foundations, the purpose of which is to draw attention to the problem of childhood diseases. For guests of the park, there will be creative workshops, a sports area, and lectures on the topic “Moscow and Muscovites” will be held. A gala concert will take place on the main stage of the park, where musicians from the symphony orchestra and members of the Jazz Friends band will perform. Fans of active pastime will be able to try their hand at various sports trainings (low core, intensive zumba, breakletix), fight in a frisbee tournament or mini-football. In the evening, fireworks await everyone.
Manor "Tsaritsyno"
The Tsaritsyno estate will host an hour-long concert on Palace Square for two days, in which symphony orchestras and pianists will perform. They will perform masterpieces of Russian and foreign opera, Russian waltz and Russian ballet. Replacing each other, orchestras and pianists will play works by Rachmaninov, Sviridov, Shostakovich, Glinka, Tchaikovsky and other classics
East of Moscow:
Manor "Kuskovo"
The museum-estate "Kuskovo" will host the annual creative festival "Inspiration in Kuskovo", dedicated to the City Day. The festival program includes free tours of the estate, exhibitions, concerts, master classes. You can learn about how the architectural and park ensemble of the estate took shape from the excursions, which will be held free of charge without prior appointment. Gathering groups at the tour desk. Sessions - 11:00, 12:00, 13:00, 14:00, 15:00. In addition to exhibitions of recognized masters, on the Day of the City, the Kuskovo Museum-Estate invites visitors to an exhibition of children's drawings “Islands of Architecture. Moscow”, which will be held at the Children's Museum Center on the ground floor of the Palace.
Manor "Izmailovo"
A festive concert dedicated to the City Day will be held in the Square of the Sovereign's Court in Izmailovo. In honor of the City Day, dance and vocal groups, soloists and ensembles will perform for the guests of the Izmailovo Museum-Reserve. There will be performances and performances by bright, multi-genre groups. By tradition, the audience is waiting for famous songs about Moscow, famous classical and pop tunes.
Perovsky park
A festive concert dedicated to the City Day will take place on the main square of Perovsky Park. The concept of the celebration was based on the theatrical theme “Moscow is my inspiration”. Famous artists of Moscow drama and musical theaters, popular musical groups will perform for the guests of the holiday. Children will be interested in workshops on making collages and paintings on the theme “Inspiration from my city”. Also, a master class on creating cartoons will be organized for young people, where, under the guidance of professionals, it will be possible to create their own cartoons about Moscow. At the end of the holiday, before the traditional screening of a film about the capital, cartoons will be shown in the open air. The program will end with festive fireworks.
Sokolniki Park"
The festive program dedicated to the City Day will take place on the Fountain Square in Sokolniki Park. The main theme of the festival will be opera. Visitors will be able to get better acquainted not only with the work of Fyodor Chaliapin, but also with Russian opera in general, on which he had a great influence. The artists will perform the parts of Chaliapin, as well as other domestic opera singers. In addition, as part of the City Day, 4 “Generators of Good Deeds” art objects will be installed in the park, by clicking on which you can get a list to complete. Each machine will be responsible for a certain direction: the "Generator of Mercy" will offer to help the older generation - buy or help bring food, keep a company on a walk, etc. "Volunteer Generator" - to help hospices and shelters, "Animal Help Generator" will ask you to donate food to the shelter and help in support, and "Charity Generator" - to make a contribution to the treatment of a child or the construction of a temple. The flash mob “Voices of Mercy” will also take place on Fountain Square. Everyone will be divided into a choir and offered to sing the song "The Road of Kindness". The choir will consist of four vocal ranges: Bass of Mercy, Baritone of Kindness, Tenor of Responsiveness and Soprano of Goodwill. Each participant will receive a leaflet with the lyrics of the song.
Izmailovsky park
September 8, 12:00-21:00, September 9, 13:00-20:00
On September 8 and 9, Muscovites will celebrate City Day in Izmailovsky Park together with their favorite artists and finalists of the Metro on Stage festival of young musicians. On Saturday, the brightest finalists of the competition - Alessiee, Margosha, Times Square, Hardballs, Hell Bruzies, Becomung a Hero, PRAVDA and others will perform on the stage of Izmailovsky Park. Nike Borzov, Olga Kormukhina and Alexei Belov, Igor Sarukhanov, Uma2rman will also perform in the park. On September 9, the holiday is only gaining momentum: the headliners of the holiday will be Irina Dubtsova, Konstantin Krymsky, Kristina Orbakaite, Oleg Kaledin, Polina Gagarina, Alexei Vorobyov, the Degrees group and rapper Mot.
Lilac Garden
In the Lilac Garden on City Day, events related to the problem of homeless animals will also be held. Charitable foundations and animal protection organizations will prepare special entertainment programs and interactive activities, guests will be able to take home a small pet, as well as learn how to properly handle animals. Creative workshops, musical and theater groups will create a festive atmosphere.
Southeast of Moscow:
Manor "Lyublino"
A street festival dedicated to the City Day will take place in an open area in Lublin: festivals, concerts, master classes, exhibitions-fairs and much more. Dance and vocal groups, soloists and ensembles will perform for guests of the Lyublino estate. The audience will hear their favorite pop songs, which have long become classics.
Park "Kuzminki"
Guests of Kuzminki Park on City Day will be able to enjoy performances by musical groups, take part in sports competitions, and make miniature Moscow sights with their own hands. All participants will be able to contribute to the creation of a gift to Moscow - a painting that will become a photo zone for memorable pictures. There will be creative workshops where guests of the park will be able to make a kaleidoscope-toy with their own hands, paint a kite with paints, and also create the Moscow Kremlin in miniature. At the end of the holiday there will be a mass launch of kites. There will also be a sports zone (zumba, yoga, mini-football), a gorodki tournament. And in the evening, fireworks await everyone.
Southwest of Moscow:
Manor "Vorontsovo"
The family charity festival "Through the Heart", dedicated to the celebration of the City Day, will be held in the Vorontsovo estate. Guests of the park will be able not only to enjoy the concert program, but also to take an active part in the activities of charitable foundations. Guests will enjoy performances of music and dance groups, vocalists-winners of television, Russian and international competitions, interactive and photo zones, entertainment programs for children and adults. On September 8, within the framework of the designated theme, an open-air film screening will take place, and then fireworks await everyone.
Northwest of Moscow:
Park "Northern Tushino"
In Severnoye Tushino Park on City Day, anyone these days will be able to try their skills in creative and sports master classes, become a participant in an interactive program on the main square of the park, and also enjoy a concert program consisting of theatrical performances, performances by solo performers and brass band. At the end of the program, fireworks await everyone.
Everyone to the park!
Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS | SUGGESTIONS | |
A) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition B) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate C) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover D) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech D) violation in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members | 1) It was completely dark in houses, squares, parks, it was deep night, from which something mysterious and mysterious blew. 2) Without thinking for a second, Fedya rushed across the path of a cyclist who was riding straight at little Dasha. 3) A small forest near the village, a tiny pond behind the garden, a small grandmother's house - all this seemed to Nikolenka a huge world full of adventures. 4) The father promised that upon arrival from a business trip he would certainly tell in all details what he had seen abroad. 5) All those who have found the strength in themselves to resist evil in relation to man will not allow cruelty in relation to nature either. 6) When everyone expressed their point of view, we, after weighing all the pros and cons, made a compromise decision. 7) D.S. Likhachev writes that "an intellectual can be recognized by the absence of aggressiveness, suspicion, his own inferiority complex, and gentleness of behavior in him." 8) Everyone who was on that memorable day at Anna Dmitrievna's evening was struck by the luxurious decoration of her house. 9) After thinking a little, the professor said that even I, being an experienced surgeon, was not ready to take on such a complex operation, and it became clear that I, a doctor just starting my practice, could not cope. |
Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | AT | G | D |
Explanation (see also Rule below).
A) the incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition in sentence 4 is that the non-derivative preposition “by” in the meaning “after something” is used with a noun only in the form of a prepositional case, and not a dative
Here is the correct spelling: The father promised that upon arrival from a business trip he would certainly tell in all details what he had seen abroad.
Rule 7.7.2 paragraph
7.7 MISUSE OF THE CASE FORM OF A NOUN WITH A PREPOSITION
This type includes incorrectly constructed sentences with derivative prepositions and the non-derivative preposition "po".
7.7.1 The use of the correct case form of a noun with derivative prepositions "thanks", "according to", "contrary", "similarly", "in defiance", "across"
After the prepositions “thanks”, “according to”, “contrary”, “similarly”, etc. nouns are used only in the form of the dative case (to whom? to what?) and in no other.
Consider sentences with an error:
Example 1 Real success can only be achieved through (what?) perseverance, determination and (what?) deep knowledge of a person. If the words “perseverance, purposefulness” are in the dative case (which is true!), then the phrase “deep knowledge” is used in the genitive case, it needs to be corrected by writing “deep knowledge”.
Example 2 According to (what?) Traditions prevailing in the fleet, the passage through the equator was considered a significant event. We replace the case: according to (what?) “established traditions”.
Example 3 It was decided to work on the strait, contrary to (what?) established rules, not in summer, but in winter. We replace: "against the established rules."
Note 1 . The preposition "thanks" is used only when it comes to the reasons that caused a positive result. Therefore, turns with this pretext in combination with something negative should be considered unsuccessful: Thanks to the death of my mother, I grew up early. In this sentence, you need to use a simple preposition "because of".
Note 2 . The preposition "thanks" is called derivative because it was formed from the gerund "thanks". And they are completely different parts of speech. By the gerund we pose the question “what are you doing?” and highlight with commas either as a single, or as part of a participial turnover.
Compare: He successfully defended his thesis and, (what was he doing?) thanks to (who?) the project manager and (who else?) comrades for help and support, he left the audience. The gerund "thanks" is an additional action to the predicate "left".
He successfully defended his thesis thanks to (what?) the help of the project manager and comrades. There is no way to put the question “what by doing”, this is not an additional action, this is a pretext. And there are no commas. A comma in sentences with the word "thanks" can serve as a hint: it does not happen with a preposition.
7.7.2 With a noun there is a preposition "by"
The non-derivative preposition "by" in the meaning "after something" is used with a noun only in the form of a prepositional case, not a dative
Therefore, the following sentences are constructed not right:
Upon arrival Yu in Moscow, he felt ill.
Upon arrival at In Venice, I immediately visited several of my old acquaintances.
Upon completion Yu construction workers left the facility in perfect order.
Upon completion Yu English courses I received a certificate.
In these sentences, the preposition “by” means “after something”, so the word after it had to be used in the prepositional form, not the dative case:
upon arrival in Moscow (= after arriving in Moscow), upon arrival in Venice (= after arriving in Venice), upon completion of construction (= after completion of construction), upon completion of courses (= after completion).
The following construction of these sentences would be correct:
Upon arrival in Moscow, he felt unwell.
Upon arrival in Venice, I immediately visited several of my old acquaintances.
Upon completion of construction, the workers left the facility in perfect order.
At the end of the English language courses, I received a certificate.
Remember:
upon arrival (= after arrival),
upon arrival (= after arrival),
upon completionAnd (= after completion),
at the end (= after the end).
7.7.3 With a noun, there is a derivative preposition “in view of”, “due to”, “in case”, “subject to”, “by means of” and others
These prepositions also arose as a result of the transition from independent parts of speech and require the genitive case from the nouns behind them.
In view of (whom? what?) bad weather;
Due to (whom? what?) frosts;
In case of (whom? what?) success
B) the violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate in sentence 5 is that, with the subject ALL, the predicate is in singular. number, but it is necessary in the plural.
The sentence can be restructured as follows: All those who have found the strength in themselves to resist evil in relation to man will not allow cruelty in relation to nature either.
Rule 7.3.1 paragraph
7.3. Agreement of the predicate with the subject
INTRODUCTION
Subject - the main member of the sentence, which is consistent with its predicate according to the laws of grammar.
The subject and predicate usually have the same grammatical forms of number, gender, person, for example: Clouds are rushing, clouds are winding; Invisible moon Illuminates the flying snow; The sky is cloudy, the night is cloudy.
In such cases, we can talk about the agreement of the predicate with the subject. However, the correspondence of the grammatical forms of the main members of the sentence is not necessary, there may be an incomplete correspondence of the grammatical forms of the main members: My whole life has been a guarantee of a faithful date with you.- correspondence of number forms, but different forms of gender; Your destiny is endless chores- inconsistency of number forms.
The grammatical connection of the main members of the sentence is considered as coordination. This grammatical connection is wider and freer than agreement. Different words can enter into it, their morphological properties do not have to correspond to each other.
When coordinating the main members of the sentence, the problem arises of choosing the forms of the number of the predicate, when the gender / number of the subject is difficult to determine. This section of the "Reference" is devoted to consideration of these issues.
7.3.1. In a complex sentence, pronouns act as subjects
If in a sentence (and not necessarily in NGN!) a pronoun is used as a subject, then you need to know a number of rules that prescribe how to correctly coordinate the predicate with it.
A) If the subject is expressed by the pronouns WHO, WHAT, NOBODY, NOTHING, SOMEONE, SOMEONE, WHOEVER, then the predicate is put in the singular form: For example: [Those ( who neglect the opinions of others) risk being left alone].
EXAMPLE 1 (Whoever comes), [everyone will know].
EXAMPLE 2 [No one knew (that the lesson was postponed).]
EXAMPLE 1 (Whoever comes, [everyone will know].
EXAMPLE 2 [No one knew (that the lesson was postponed).]
B) If the subject is expressed by the plural pronoun TE, ALL, the predicate is put in the plural form. If the subject is expressed by the singular pronouns TOT, TA, TO, the predicate is put in the singular form. For example: [ THOSE (who graduated with honors) are more likely to enter a university free of charge].
This proposal is built on the following model:
[Those (who + the predicate), ... the predicate ...]. And this is the most common model in which it is proposed to find an error. Let's analyze the structure of a complex sentence: in the main sentence, the pronoun “those” is the subject, pl. h; "have" -predicate, pl. This is in line with rule B.
Now attention to the subordinate clause: “who” is the subject, “finished” is the predicate in the singular. This is in accordance with rule A.
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 1 [Everyone (who purchased tickets at the box office) must independently check in for the flight].
EXAMPLE 2. [Those (who have seen the northern lights at least once) will no longer be able to forget this extraordinary phenomenon].
EXAMPLE 3. [Those (who are planning a vacation for the summer) buy tickets in the spring].
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 1 [Everyone (who purchased tickets at the box office) MUST check in for the flight on their own].
EXAMPLE 2. [Those (who have seen the northern lights at least once) will no longer be able to forget this extraordinary phenomenon].
In examples 1 and 2, the error is easy to see: it is enough to throw out the subordinate clause. In the following example, the error often goes unnoticed.
EXAMPLE 3. [Those ( who are planning a vacation for the summer) buy tickets in the spring].
C) If the subject is expressed by the phrase ONE OF .., EACH OF ..., NONE OF .. then the predicate is put in the singular form. If the subject is expressed by the phrase MANY FROM ..., SOME FROM ..., ALL FROM .. then the predicate is put in the plural form. For example: [None of those (who won a prize) wanted to go to the republican competition].
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 4 [Many of those (who have been to Mikhailovsky Park) were amazed at the size of the old estate trees].
EXAMPLE 5 [Each of us (who has been in a similar situation) certainly thought about ways out of it].
EXAMPLE 6 [Each of the parties (which presented its project) defended its advantages over other projects].
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 4 [Many of those (who have been to Mikhailovsky Park) were amazed at the size of the old manor trees].
EXAMPLE 5 [Each of us (who has been in a similar situation) certainly thought about ways out of it].
EXAMPLE 6 [Each side, (who presented her project), defended its advantages over other projects].
D) If the sentence contains a turnover of WHO, HOW NOT .., the predicate is put in the singular masculine form. For example: Who, if not parents, SHOULD teach children the ability to communicate?
This turnover can be considered as clarifying, see other examples in clause 7.3.3, part B.
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 7 Who, if not we, should worry about the cleanliness of our cities?
EXAMPLE 8 Who, if not your mother, taught you a model of endurance and love of life?
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 7 Who, if not us, should worry about the cleanliness of their cities?
EXAMPLE 8 Who, if not your mother, taught you a model of endurance and love of life?
7.3.2 Predicate coordination with subject, expressed word or combination of words with the meaning of quantity
When coordinating the main members of the sentence, the problem arises of choosing the forms of the number of the predicate, when the subject points to many objects, but appears in the singular.
A) The role of the subject is the collective name of nouns and words close to them in meaning.
Collective nouns designate a set of homogeneous objects or living beings as an indivisible whole: FOLIAGE, DUBNYAK, ASPEN, CHILDREN, STUDENTS, TEACHER, PROFESSORIES, PEASANTS. They have the form of only the singular, are not combined with quantitative numbers and with words denoting units of measure, but can be combined with the words a lot / little or how much: LITTLE RELATIONS, A LITTLE LEAVES, A LOT OF MOSHKORA.
The words PEOPLE, PACK, ARMY, GROUP, CROWD can also be attributed to them in terms of the meaning of collectiveness; THOUSAND, MILLION, HUNDRED; TROIKA, PAIR; DARKNESS, DEEP, LOTS AND OTHERS
The subject, expressed by a collective noun, requires the predicate to be set only in the singular form:
For example: The children frolicked in the courtyard of the house; young people often take the initiative.
The subject expressed by a noun like GROUP, CROWD also requires setting the predicate only in the singular form:
For example: A group of festival participants shared their impressions; a trio of horses rushed under the windows
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 1. Over the past three years, the leadership of the Central and regional markets have repeatedly filed complaints with higher organizations.
EXAMPLE 3. A couple of lovers were sitting on a bench.
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 1. Over the past three years, the leadership of the Central and regional markets have repeatedly filed complaints with higher organizations.
EXAMPLE 3. A couple of lovers were sitting on a bench.
B) The subject is a collective noun with a quantitative meaning
The nouns MOST, MINORITY, PLENTY, SERIES, PART, despite the grammatical form of the singular, denote not one object, but many, and therefore the predicate can take not only the form of the singular, but also the plural. For example: On this pond ... an innumerable number of ducks were hatched and kept; Many hands are knocking on all the windows from the street, and someone is breaking on the door. Which form would you prefer?
The subject, which has in its composition the collective nouns MOST, MINORITY, Plenty, ROW, PART, requires the predicate to be set only in the singular form, if:
a) there are no dependent words from the collective noun
Part went on vacation, and part remained; many scatteredAxis, a minority remainedAxis
b) the collective noun has a singular dependent word
With a subject that has in its composition the words MOST, MINORITY, PLENTY, SERIES, PART, you can put the predicate both in the plural form and in the plural, if the noun has a dependent word in the plural:
Most students passed the test; a number of participants demonstrated excellent knowledge.
Some of the books were purchased for the library; a number of objects delivered ahead of schedule
The plural of the predicate in such constructions usually indicates the activity of the actors.
Consider the cases in which the use of the plural of the predicate is allowed and permissible.
| The predicate is put | |
| in the singular, if | plural, if |
| The activity of animated persons is not emphasized: Part of the conference participants did not accept participation in the discussion | Activity is highlighted. The subject is animate. Most writers strongly rejected editor fixes. Most students are good answered on the lesson. |
| Activity is not emphasized, the passive participle indicates that the object itself does not perform the action. Row of workersattracted to responsibility. | Activity is emphasized in the presence of participial or participle turnover. |
| Activity is not emphasized, subject is inanimate Most Items lay in disarray A number of workshops manufactures parts for our workshop. | Activity is also indicated by a number of homogeneous members: Majority editors, proofreaders, authors, reviewers studied these documents. Most editors got order, got acquainted with its content and done necessary conclusions. A number of homogeneous predicates. |
Nevertheless, it must be taken into account that the singular form of the predicate is more in line with the tradition of book-writing styles and the use of the plural form of the predicate must be clearly justified. An error in the tasks of the exam will be the unreasonable setting of the predicate in the plural.
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 4 Most of the tasks were not done correctly enough.
EXAMPLE 5 A number of events will be held in Yelets, Voronezh, Orel.
EXAMPLE 6 A lot of poems by this author were published in the series "Children's Library"
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 4 Most of the tasks were not completed correctly. The predicate in the form of a passive participle indicates the passivity of the actor.
EXAMPLE 5 A number of events will be held in Yelets, Voronezh, Orel. Events cannot act on their own, so the predicate must be used in the singular.
EXAMPLE 6 Many poems by this author were published in the Children's Library series.. The predicate in the form of a passive participle indicates the passivity of the actor.
C) The combination of a numeral with a noun acts as a subject
With a subject expressed by a quantitative-nominal combination, the same problem arises: in what number is it better to use the predicate. In Chekhov we find: Some three soldiers stood side by side at the very descent and were silent; He had two sons. L. Tolstoy preferred the following forms: Three peasants and a woman sat in the sleigh; Two feelings fought in his soul - good and evil.
Note: In the USE assignments, such cases do not occur, since there is a high possibility of incorrect classification of the type of error - such cases can be attributed to an error in the use of a numeral. Therefore, we confine ourselves to remarks of a general nature and note the most gross errors made in written works.
With a subject that has in its composition a numeral or a word with the meaning of quantity, you can put the predicate both in the plural form and in the singular:
Five years have passed; ten graduates have chosen our institute
The use of different forms depends on the meaning that the predicate brings to the sentence, activity and generality of action is emphasized by the plural. number.
The predicate is usually put in the singular if
In the subject, a numeral ending in "one":
Twenty-one students of our institute are included in the city's volleyball team, but Twenty-two (three, four, five...) students of our institute are members of the city's volleyball team
If the message fixes this or that fact, the result, or when the message is given an impersonal character:
Twenty-two suits sold; Three or four students will be transferred to another class.
The predicate is expressed by a verb with the meaning of being, presence, existence, position in space:
Three kingdoms stood before her. The room had two windows with wide window sills. Three windows of the room faced north
Wrong: Three kingdoms stood. There were two windows with wide window sills in the room. Three windows of the room faced north.
A single number, which creates an idea of a single whole, is used to designate a measure of weight, space, time:
Thirty-four kilograms of drying oil will be required to paint the roof. Twenty-five kilometers remained until the end of the journey. A hundred years have passed. However, already, it seems, eleven o'clock struck. Five months have elapsed since
Wrong: Thirty-four kilograms of drying oil will be required to paint the roof; Twenty-five kilometers remained until the end of the journey. A hundred years have passed. However, already, it seems, eleven o'clock has struck. Five months have elapsed since then.
With a subject expressed by a complex noun, the first part of which is the numeral sex-, the predicate is usually put in the singular, and in the past tense - in the middle gender, For example: half an hour will pass, half a year has flown by, half the city participated in the demonstration.
Wrong: half the class participated in the competition, half an hour will pass
7.3.3 Coordination between subject and verb separated from each other
Between the subject and the predicate, there may be secondary isolated members of the sentence, clarifying members, subordinate clauses. In these cases, it is necessary to strictly observe the general rule: the predicate and the subject must agree.
Let's consider special cases.
A) Coordination of the subject and the compound nominal predicate in a sentence built according to the “noun. is a noun.”
Note for the teacher: this type of error in the SPP is noted in his manual "How to get 100 USE points" (2015) by I.P. Tsybulko, while in the "Handbook of Spelling and Literary Editing" by D. Rosenthal, such an error is called a construction shift in a complex sentence.
The nominal part of the predicate in a sentence built according to the noun + noun model must be in the nominative case.
For example: [First, (what you should learn) is highlighting the basis of the sentence].
The grammatical basis of the main clause consists of the subject first and predicate selection. Both words are in the nominative case.
And this is what it looks like proposal with an error: [The first (what should be learned) is the selection of the basis of the sentence]. Under the influence of the subordinate clause, the predicate received the genitive case, which is a mistake.
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 1 [The main thing (what you need to pay attention to) is the ideological side of the work]
EXAMPLE 2 [The last thing (to stop) is the composition of the book]
EXAMPLE 3 [The most important (what is worth striving for) is the fulfillment of a dream]
Here are the corrected versions:
EXAMPLE 1 The main thing (what you need to pay attention to) is the ideological side of the work]
EXAMPLE 2 [The last (what should be stopped) is the composition of the book]
EXAMPLE 3 [The most important (what is worth striving for) is the fulfillment of a dream]
B). Coordination of the predicate with the subject, in which there are clarifying members.
In order to clarify the subject, sometimes clarifying (explaining turns), connecting members of the sentence, separate additions are used. Yes, in the proposal Competition Jury, including representatives of a cosmetic company selected from the audience, could not determine the winner the highlighted turnover is a connecting one(in other manuals it is called clarifying).
The presence in the sentence of any member that specifies the meaning of the subject does not affect the number of the predicate. Such turns are attached with the words: EVEN, ESPECIALLY, INCLUDING, FOR EXAMPLE; EXCEPT, INCLUDING, INCLUDING and the like. For example: Editorial Board, including the editors of the Internet portal, is in favor of reorganization.
Consider sentences with a grammatical error:
EXAMPLE 4. The entire team, including dancers and jugglers, spoke out in favor of participating in the competition.
EXAMPLE 5. The whole family, and especially the younger children, was looking forward to the arrival of their grandfather.
EXAMPLE 6. The school administration, including members of the parent committee, supported holding an extended parent meeting.
Here are the corrected versions:
The mistake is easy to see if you throw out the subordinate clause.
EXAMPLE 4 The whole team, including dancers and jugglers, spoke out in favor of participating in the competition.
EXAMPLE 5 The whole family, and especially the younger children, was looking forward to the arrival of their grandfather.
EXAMPLE 6 The school administration, including members of the parent committee, advocated holding an expanded parent meeting.
7.3.4 Coordination of the predicate with the subject, the gender or number of which is difficult to determine.
For the correct connection of the subject with the predicate, it is very important to know the gender of the noun.
A) Certain categories or groups of nouns have difficulty in determining the gender or number.
The gender and number of indeclinable nouns, abbreviations, conditional names and a number of other words are determined by special rules. For the correct coordination of such words with the predicate, you need to know their morphological features.
Ignorance of these rules cause errors: Sochi became the capital of the Olympics; cocoa is cold; shampoo is over; the university announced the enrollment of students, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported
Need: Sochi has become the capital of the Olympics; cocoa has cooled down; shampoo is over, the university announced a set of students, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported
Nouns, the gender/number of which is difficult to determine, are discussed in the section. After studying the above material, you will be able to successfully complete not only task 6, but also 7.
Consider sentences with errors
EXAMPLE 1. The parcel was sent at the beginning of the week.
In the sentence, the word "package" is the subject, feminine. The predicate "was sent" is in the masculine. This is mistake. We fix: The parcel was sent at the beginning of the week
EXAMPLE 2. The tulle harmonized perfectly with the color of the upholstered furniture.
In the sentence, the word "tulle" is the subject, masculine. The predicate "approached" is in the feminine. This is mistake. We fix: The tulle harmonized perfectly with the color of the upholstered furniture.
EXAMPLE 3. The UN has met for another meeting.
In the sentence, the word "UN" is the subject, feminine (organization). The predicate "gathered" is on average. This is mistake. We fix: The UN met for a regular meeting.
EXAMPLE 4. Foreign Ministry announced participation in the meeting
In the sentence, the word "MIA" is the subject, it does not change. When decrypted, we get "Ministry
Foreign Affairs". Keep in mind that this word refers to the masculine gender. The predicate "reported" is on average. This is mistake. We fix: The Foreign Ministry announced its participation in the meeting.
EXAMPLE 5. "Moskovsky Komsomolets" published a rating of the best universities in the country.
In the sentence, the phrase "Moskovsky Komsomolets" is the subject, this is a conditional Russian name, a masculine word, like the word "Komsomolets". The predicate "printed" is in the feminine. This is mistake. We correct: Moskovsky Komsomolets published a rating of the best universities in the country.
EXAMPLE 6. Tbilisi attracts tourists .
In the sentence, the word "Tbilisi" is the subject, it is an invariable code name. It is a masculine word, like the word "city". The predicate "attract" is plural. This is mistake. We fix: Tbilisi attracts tourists.
B) Coordination of the predicate with the subject with the meaning of the profession
With a masculine noun denoting a profession, position, rank, etc., the predicate is put in the masculine gender, regardless of the gender of the person in question. For example: the teacher made a report, the director called an employee
With proposals will be wrong, in which the teacher made a report, the director called an employee .
Note: if there is a person's own name, especially a surname, in which the indicated words act as applications, the predicate is consistent with the proper name: Teacher Sergeeva gave a lecture. More on this point below, 7.3.5
7.3.5 Subject is appendix
An application is a definition expressed by a noun that agrees with the word being defined in the case: city (what?) Sochi, bird (what?) hummingbird, website (what?) "ReshuEGE"
As a general rule, the predicate agrees with the subject, and the presence of an application in the form of a different kind or number in the last does not affect agreement.
For example: The plant, this grand colossus, seemed to be a ship of unheard-of dimensions too. The suggestion would be wrong. The plant, this grandiose colossus, it seemed, was also a ship of unheard of dimensions. .
If the subject has an application, then, first of all, it is necessary to find out which of the words is the subject and which is the application, and then put the predicate in one way or another.
Table 1. Application and subjects are written separately. When combining a generic name and a specific or specific and individual subject, the word denoting a broader concept is considered, and the predicate is consistent with it. Here are some examples:
Application is a common noun:
the rose flower smelled marvelously; the oak tree has grown; kharcho soup is cooked
Application - proper noun
the Dnieper river has flooded; newspaper "Moscow's comsomolets" came out; Barbos dog barked
Exception: last names of people. In pairs, engineer Svetlova reported, Doctor of Science Zvantseva came out, head teacher Marina Sergeevna noted proper nouns are subject.
Table 2. The subject is compound noun, forms terms, in which one part resembles an application in function. In these cases, the leading (defined) word is the word that expresses a broader concept or specifically designates an object.
The predicate agrees with the first word, both words change
an armchair-bed stood in the corner; the factory-laboratory fulfilled the order; invoice issued in a timely manner; theater-studio brought up a lot of actors; attention was attracted by a table-poster; romance song became very popular
The predicate agrees with the second word, the first word does not change:
cafeteria is open(dining room is a broader concept); vending machine open(in this combination, the part of the diner acts as the bearer of a specific meaning); raincoat tent lay(tent in the form of a raincoat, not a raincoat in the form of a tent); "Roman-newspaper" was published in large circulation(newspaper is a broader name).
EXAMPLE 1 ice cream cake cut into equal pieces .
The compound noun "ice cream cake" after the main, more general word "cake" is masculine, therefore: Ice cream cake cut into equal parts
EXAMPLE 2 The story "Children of the Underground" was written by V.G. Korolenko. .
The conditional name is an application, so you need to coordinate the predicate with the word "story": The story "Children of the Underground" was written by V.G. Korolenko.
EXAMPLE 3 A tiny dog, quite a puppy, suddenly barked loudly. .
The subject is the word "dog", it is feminine, therefore: A tiny dog, quite a puppy, suddenly barked loudly.
EXAMPLE 4 Yesterday the young teacher Petrov gave his first lecture. .
The subject is the surname "Petrova", it is feminine, therefore: Yesterday, the young teacher Petrova gave her first lecture.
A) The sentence has homogeneous subjects and one predicate
If the predicate refers to several subjects, not connected by unions or connected by a connecting union, then the following forms of coordination apply:
The predicate after homogeneous subjects is usually plural:
Industry and agriculture in Russia are steadily developing.
The predicate that precedes homogeneous subjects usually agrees with the nearest of them:
In the village there was a clatter and screams
If there are divisive or opposing unions between the subjects, then the predicate is put in the singular.
Experienced fear or instant fright in a minute seems both funny, and strange, and incomprehensible. Not you, but fate is to blame.
Consider sentences with errors:
EXAMPLE 1 Passion for sports and a tough daily routine did their job. .
Two subjects, the predicate comes after a series of homogeneous members, so it must be in the plural: Passion for sports and a tough daily routine did their job.
EXAMPLE 2 Not reason, but fear suddenly took possession of me. .
Two subjects, with the union a, the predicate must therefore be in the singular: Not reason, but fear suddenly took possession of me.
EXAMPLE 3 In the distance, the familiar noise and loud voices could be heard. .
Two subjects, the predicate is in front of a number of homogeneous members, therefore it should be in the singular: In the distance there was a familiar noise and loud voices.
B) The combination in the subject of a noun in the nominative case with a noun in the instrumental case (with the preposition c) like “brother and sister”
The setting of the predicate in the plural or singular depends on what meaning is given to the phrase: joint action or separate.
When combined in the subject of a noun in the nominative case with a noun in the instrumental case (with the preposition c) like “brother and sister”, the predicate is put:
in plural, if both named objects (persons) act as equal action producers(both are subject);
Pasha and Petya had been waiting for their mother's return for a long time and were very worried.
in the singular, if the second object (person) accompanies the main producer of the action ( is an addition):
The mother and child went to the clinic. Nikolai and his younger sister came later than everyone else.
Only in the singular in the presence of the words TOGETHER, TOGETHER:
My father left the city with his mother.
Only in the singular with the subject expressed by the pronoun I, YOU
I will come with a friend; you had a fight with your mom
Consider sentences with errors:
EXAMPLE 1 My brother and his friends went to the beach. .
With the word "together" the predicate cannot be plural: My brother and his friends went to the beach.
EXAMPLE 2 Ruslan and I will come to class today. .
With the subject I (+ someone else), the predicate cannot be plural: Ruslan and I will come to class today. Or: Ruslan and I will come to class today.
EXAMPLE 3 You and your sister will live in this room. .
With the subject you (+ someone else), the predicate cannot be plural: You and your sister will live in this room.Or: You and your sister will live in this room..
C) the incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover in sentence 6 is that the participle and the predicate must denote the actions of the same person, that is, the subject. In this sentence, the subject "decision" cannot weigh. In addition, the grammatically passive participle "accepted" cannot carry a participle.
Here is the correct spelling: When everyone expressed their point of view, we, after weighing all the pros and cons, made a compromise decision.
Rule 7.8.1 paragraph type 2
7.8. USE OF GENERAL PARTICIPLES. ERRORS IN USE
INTRODUCTION
A participle turnover is a participle with dependent words.
The gerund always denotes an additional action that occurs in parallel with the main one, for example: a man walked (the main action), waving your arms(additional, what while doing); the cat fell asleep (main action), tucking its paws (additional action, what did you do?)
The participles answer the question what do you do? (imperfect view) and having done what? (perfect view). Along with this question, you can also ask questions as? how? for what purpose? and the like. A gerund always denotes a sign of an action, that is, it describes how the main action takes place.
We classify all types of possible grammatical errors when using adverbial phrases.
7.8.1 Participle turnover in a sentence with a subject
The general rule for using adverbial phrases is as follows: the gerund and the predicate must denote the actions of the same person, that is, the subject. This person performs two actions: one main, the second additional. The participle should easily be replaced by the second verb: sat down, laid out textbooks - sat down and laid out; looked, smiling - looked and smiled.
TYPE 1. A gerund and a verbal predicate expressed by a verb without the postfix -sya
Slipping on ice I was picked up by a guy next to me.
Passing under the house, an icicle almost fell on me.
In each of the sentences, there were two characters: in the first one, someone slipped and someone picked it up; in the second: someone passed and someone almost fell down. But due to an error in construction, it turns out that the guy picked up, slipping; the icicle nearly fell off as it passed.
With this construction, the participle is erroneously assigned to one actor, and the predicate to another, which violates the basic rule. To avoid mistakes, you need to ensure that the participle and the predicate refer to the same person.
When I slipped on the ice, I was picked up by a guy next to me.
When I was walking under the house, an icicle almost fell on me.
TYPE 2. The gerund refers to the predicate in the form of a short passive participle
Writing a poem "Death of a Poet", the fate of Lermontov was determined.
Analyzing the text, I was quite right in determining its size.
As in type 1, the participle and the predicate refer to different persons. Due to a construction error, it turns out that fate was determined by writing ; the size is determined having analyzed. The predicate is a short passive participle.
If the predicate is expressed by a short participle, then the subject itself does not perform the action, something is done with it. With this form of the predicate gerund, there can be no.
Here are the revised proposals:
When Lermontov wrote the poem "The Death of a Poet", his fate was determined.
When I analyzed poetic text, I was quite right to determine its size.
TYPE 3. The adverbial phrase is attached to the predicate-reflexive verb in the passive meaning, which has a postfix Xia
Consider sentences with a grammatical error.
Usually, creating your work, it expresses Xia author's attitude to life and people.
Having received an education, students direct Xia senior master for practice.
As in type 2, the subject in such a sentence does not actually perform the action itself: attitude expresses Xia(by someone); displays Xia(by someone); direct Xia(by someone). But a if there is no action, then there can be no additional, additional, expressed by a gerund. We replace the adverbial turnover with a subordinate clause.
Here are the revised proposals:
Usually, when a work is created, the author's attitude to life and people is expressed in it. Or: Creating a work, the author always expresses his attitude to life and people.
When students receive their education, they are directed by the senior master to practice.
7.8.2. Participle turnover in a sentence without a subject
It often happens that the subject performing both actions may not be formally expressed, that is, there is no subject in the sentence. In this case, we are talking about one-part proposals. It is these types that cause the greatest difficulty in finding an error.
TYPE 4. Participle turnover in an impersonal sentence (except for type 7)
Consider sentences with a grammatical error.
Sending a rather important telegram I didn't have enough money.
He was sad.
There is no subject, the acting person is expressed by a pronoun to me(this is the dative case). The use of participles in impersonal sentences is unacceptable. It is possible: either to make a subordinate clause from the adverbial clause, or to make the usual one from the impersonal, with the subject.
The exception is sentences with an infinitive verb, see type 7.
Here are the revised proposals:
When I sent a rather important telegram, I did not have enough money.
Refusing to experiment he experienced sadness.
TYPE 5. Participle turnover in an indefinite personal sentence
Consider sentences with a grammatical error.
Having received a good education, Griboyedov was sent as the secretary of the diplomatic mission to Persia.
Didn't finish the report, the head of the department was offered to go on a business trip.
There can be no adverbial turnover with the subject, if it is not defined. This situation occurs in indefinite personal sentences with the verb in the past tense plural.
Who directed? who received? who suggested? who did not finish the report? Unclear. We replace the turnover with a subordinate clause or restructure it so that it is clear who received an education and who completed the report.
Here are the revised proposals:
When Griboedov received a good education, he was sent as secretary of a diplomatic mission in Persia.
Without finishing the report, the head of the department received an offer to go on a business trip.
7.8.3. Participle turnover in a sentence without a subject. Permitted tricks.
Due to the fact that the assignments may also contain correct sentences with adverbial phrases, we consider it important to place a table with such examples and such rules that are not found in erroneous ones. Everything in this table is allowed.
TYPE 6. The adverbial phrase refers to a verb in the imperative mood
When crossing the street, carefully follow the traffic.
Having received the task for the adverbial turnover, check if it contains a request, order or advice.
There is no subject in sentences. But it is allowed to use participial phrases in such sentences where the verb is used in the imperative mood: follow, go, write, search and so on. It turns out that both the turnover and the predicate refer to one person, to whom we advise to do something. Easy to substitute a pronoun you: you follow by passing; you check when you receive it.
TYPE 7. The adverbial turnover refers to the infinitive
Consider sentences without errors.
Walking through the autumn forest, it is pleasant to inhale the intoxicating aroma of fallen leaves.
When handing over the work, it should be carefully checked.
Given that there is no subject (impersonal sentence) it is permissible to use a participial turnover if it refers to the infinitive: walking, inhale; reading, sit; dreaming, dozing; napping, dreaming.
Not all manuals allow this rule: in some of them, the infinitive must be required, it is possible, it is necessary, others follow (the so-called modal words). In any case, sentences like: rewriting, it should be noted; having begun, it is necessary to finish; having received, it is necessary to do, will be ERROR-FREE.
TYPE 8. Participle turnover in a definite-personal or generalized-personal sentence
Consider sentences without errors.
Gathering at the family table in the house of parents, we always remember grandmother's pies and tea with viburnum and mint.
Planning your upcoming vacation carefully calculate the family budget.
There is no subject, but the sentence definitely personal, it is easy to substitute the pronoun we. You can turn! It refers to the implied person: we remember when we gather; we calculate by planning.
D) the incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech in sentence 9 is that when trying to convey indirect speech, pronouns are not replaced. Because of this, it is impossible to understand who I am.
Here is the correct spelling: After thinking a little, the professor said that even HE, being an experienced surgeon, was not ready to take on such a complex operation, and it became clear that I, a doctor just starting his practice, could not cope.
Rule 7.9.1 paragraph
7.9 INCORRECT CONSTRUCTION OF PROPOSITIONS WITH ANOTHER SPEECH
In this task, there is a pro-ve-rya-et-sya ability of students to learn the right-vil-but to build prepositions with qi-ta-ta-mi and oblique speech: out of 9 prepositions on the right, you need to find one, someone contains an error.
In pra-vi-la, from-lo-women below, we will talk about qi-ti-ro-va-nii and about oblique speech, these are very close, but not the same ones.
In everyday life, especially ben-but often in oral speech, we often use re-re-da-chu someone’s words on our own behalf, so on -zy-va-e-muyu oblique vein speech.
Prepositions with oblique speech represent complex but-under-chi-nen-sentences, consisting of two parts (words of av-to-ra and oblique-ven-noy speech), some-rye co-one-nya-yut-sya with-yu-for-mi what, as if to, or me-sto-ime-ni-i-mi and on-re-chi-i-mi who, what, what, how, where, when, how etc., or parts whether.
For example: I was told that it was my brother. She tre-bo-wa-la so that I look into her eyes, and ask-shi-wa-la if I remember the dog-ka-ray, our little quarrels, pick-no-ki. Go-vo-ri-whether about how the birds I catch live.
Suggestions with oblique speech serve to re-re-da-chi someone else's speech on behalf of the speaker, and not the one who actually pro- from-nes. In contrast to prepositions with direct speech, they re-e-give only the content of someone else's speech, but cannot re-re-give everything special -ben-no-sti of its form and in-to-on-tion.
Let’s pro-bu-em restore pre-lo-zhe-niya: from oblique vein speech we re-lead into pre-lo-zhe-niya with direct speech:
I was told that it was my brother. - They told me: "It was your brother."
She tre-bo-wa-la so that I look into her eyes, and ask-shi-wa-la if I remember the dog-ka-ray, our little quarrels, pick-no-ki. - She said: “Look into my eyes!” And then tre-bo-va-tel-but asked-si-la: “Do you remember the dog-ka-ray, our meetings, our quarrels, pick-no-ki? Do you remember?
A friend in-te-re-so-val-sya: “How do the birds that you catch live?”
As can be seen from the examples, the prepositions of owls-pa-da-yut only in meaning, but here are the verbs, and the place-of-ownership, and the unions of me -nya-yut-sya. Ras-look-rim de-tal-but pra-vi-la re-re-vo-yes direct speech in oblique-vein-naya: this is very important both for na-pi-sa-niya so-chi-ne -nia, and for you-half-not-for-da-nia 7.
7.9.1 Basic new pra-vi-lo:
when replacing-me-not pre-lo-the-same with direct speech pre-lo-same-no-I-mi with oblique speech, special attention needs to be paid on the right use of personal and attached places, as well as verbs related to them, so as in oblique speech, we re-e-e-e-e-eminate other people's words on our own behalf.
| Pre-lo-same with direct speech | Correctly formatted oblique venous speech | Not-ver-but formalized oblique-vein speech |
| Father said: “ I I'll be back late." | Father said that is he true et it's too late. | Father said that I would be back late. |
| We asked: “A you from-where-yes came-e-hal? | We asked-si-whether, from-ku-yes is he I arrived. | We asked, "From-where did you come from-e-hal." |
| I confessed: “ Your Mi-kha-il took the books. | I confessed that them Mi-kha-il took the books. | I confessed that "Mi-kha-il took your books." |
| Children for-cree-cha-li: " We not guilty!" | Children for-cri-cha-li, what they not guilty. | Children for-cree-cha-li, that "we do not vi-but-va-you." |
| Let's pay attention to that that about-to-ru-live a mistake can help ka-vych-ki, but only on them ori-en-ti-ro-va-sya is impossible, since ka-vych-ki they stand both at the same time, and in the pre-lo-the-no-yah with qi-ta-ta-mi without mistake-sides, and not in all for-yes-no-yah. | ||
7.9.2 There are a number of additional rules,
associated with the special ben-no-styu of re-re-vo-yes, my direct speech in oblique vein, their observance is also pro-ve-rya-et-sya in for-yes-nii 7.a) If direct speech is in-vest-in-va-tel-noe pre-lo-same,
what. Example: The secretary from-ve-til: "I have filled the request-bu." - The secretary from-ve-til that you-pol-nil request-bu. Place-to-name-for-me-not-but!
b) If direct speech is in-pro-si-tel-noe proposition,
then with-me-not his with-yes-accurate role of the sub-chi-no-tel-ny so-y-call you-half-nya-yut in-pro-si-tel-nye places-of-ownership, on-re-chia, parts, someone-rye hundred-I-whether in a direct question. In-pro-si-tel-ny sign after oblique-vein-no-go in pro-sa does not become. Example: “What did you do, did you-half-thread?” - asked pre-po-da-va-tel stu-den-tov. - Pre-po-da-va-tel asked the stu-den-tov that they had time to-have you-half-thread. Place-to-name-for-me-not-but!
c) When in a direct speech - in a pro-si-tel-nom pre-lo-same-ni from-there-stu-yut in-pro-si-tel-nye places-of-ownership, on -re-chia, parts-tsy,
when replacing its oblique vein, it is used to communicate parts whether. Example: “Are you right-la-e-te text?” - with not-ter-pe-ni-em asked the secretary. - The secretary asked with no-ter-pe-no-em if we are right-lying the text. Place-to-name-for-me-not-but!
d) If direct speech is a re-cli-tsa-tel-noe proposition with a boug-de-ni-em to action,
then she for-me-nya-is-sya from-ya-no-tel-ny with-yes-exact-pre-lo-no-no-em with co-yu-z to. Example: The father shouted to his son: “Come back!” - The father screamed at his son to come back. Place-to-owner-to-bav-le-but!e) Parts and words, gram-ma-ti-che-ski not related to the members of the pre-lo-same
(generalization, inter-do-me-tia, introductory words, complex prepositions) and content in direct speech , with-me-not her oblique speech, opus-ka-yut-sya. Example: “Ivan Petr-ro-vich, make an estimate for the next-du-u-th quarter,” - asked the chief bukh-gal-te-ra di-rek-tor . - The director-tor asked the chief bukh-gal-te-ra to make an estimate for the next quarter.
7.9.3. Special pra-vi-la chi-ti-ro-va-nia.
When na-pi-sa-nii co-chi-non-niy often rises-no-ka-et-no-oh-ho-di-bridge pro-qi-ti-ro-vat or the necessary fragment is used move-no-go text-hundred, or with-ve-sti you-say-zy-va-nie according to pa-me-ty, or-ga-nich-but include qi-ta-tu in pre-lo -same. There are three ways to su-so-ba introduce qi-ta-you into your speech:
1) with the help of direct speech, with co-blue-de-ni-em of all signs of pre-pi-na-niya, for example: Push-kin go-vo-ril: “Love all ages-you-cor-us” or “Love all ages-races-you are-cor-us,” - go-vo-ril Push-kin. This is the easiest way, but it is not always convenient. Such proposals will be met in the quality of the faithful!
2) with help with-yes-exact-but-th pre-lo-same-nia, that is, using unions, for example: Push-kin go-vo-ril that "love all ages-you-cor-us". Look-ra-ti-te-attention-to-me-niv-shi-e-sya signs of pre-pi-na-niya. This method nothing from-whether-cha-et-sya from re-re-da-chi oblique speech.
3) qi-ta-tu can be included in your text with the help of introductory words, for example: As Push-kin says, "love all ages-you-cor-us".
From-me-tim that in qi-ta-te can’t-do anything from me: what is for-key-che-but in ka-vych-kah, is not-re-given ab-so-lute-but exactly, without any is-ka-same-niy. With no-ho-di-mo-sti, include in your text only part of the qi-ta-you use special signs (many , different type of brackets), but this does not have a relation to a given task, since the point-to-a-qi-on-ny Mistakes in task 7 would not be.
Ras-look-rim is not-something-ry especially-ben-no-sti chi-ti-ro-va-nia.
a) How to avoid mistakes if there is qi-ta-ta with a place-name-no-eat?
On the one hand, qi-ta-you can’t change me, on the other hand, you can’t leave a place. If you just insert qi-ta-tu, there will be errors: On-on-le-he-on-well-dy for-me-til that " I I can lose this battle, but I can’t lose mi-well-tu”. Or like this: In his resurrections-by-mi-na-ni-yah, Ko-ro-len-ko wrote that all-gda " I I saw in the face of Che-ho-va an un-doubtful in-tel-li-gent-ness.
In both pre-lo-same-no-yah you need:
firstly, for-me-thread place-to-having-I am on OH, exclude-to-chit place-to-having from qi-ta-you:
secondly, from the me-thread of the gla-go-ly, connecting them with but-you-me-sto-have-no-i-mi and also exclude from qi-ta- you, so we know that nothing can be taken from me.
With such out-of-me-not-ni-yah, qi-ta-you don’t-pre-men-but “suffer-y-yut”, and if the second sentence we can save - thread like this: Ko-ro-len-ko wrote that is he always “saw in the face of Che-ho-wa an un-doubted in-tel-li-gent-ness”, then you-say-zy-va-nie Na-po-leo-na not-lu-chit-sya save-thread. In this way, boldly kill-ra-em ka-vych-ki and for-me-nya-eat qi-ta-tu oblique-vein speech: Na-po-le-he one-na-zh-dy for-me-til that he can lose this battle, but not maybe po-te-ryat mi-well-tu.
b) It is especially necessary to note the cases of oshi-boch-no-go combination of two ways of introducing qi-ta-you into pre-lo -same,
what are you-zy-va-et gram-ma-ti-che-error. As we already know, qi-ta-tu can be entered either as an adjective, or with the help of introductory words. Here's what-wa-et, if two ways are combined:
Wrong: According to you Mo-pas-sa-na, what"Love is as strong as death, but fragile as glass".
Right: In the words of Mo-pas-sa-na, "love is strong, like death, but fragile, like glass."
Wrong: As P. I. Chaikovsky stated, what“breath-but-ve-nie is born-yes-is-sya only from labor and during labor”.
Right: As P.I. Chaikovsky stated, “breathing-but-ve-ing is born only from labor and during labor.”
In this way, for-mu-li-ru-em pra-vi-lo: when using introductory words, the union does not use-require-la-et-sya.
c) In the work of students, there are meetings and cases when qi-ta-ta introduces-de-na with the help of introductory words,
but direct speech is designed-la-et-Xia as from-del-noe before-lo-same-nie. This is not only on-ru-she-nie punctu-tu-a-tion, it is on-ru-she-of the rules for building prepositions with qi-ta- toy.Wrong: According to An-tou-a-na de Sainte-Ek-zu-pe-ri: “Only the heart is vigilant: you won’t see the main eye.”
Right: According to An-tou-a-na de Sainte-Ec-zu-pe-ri, “only one heart is vigilant: you won’t see your own main eye.”
Wrong: According to L.N. ».
Right: According to L.N. ".
E) the error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members in sentence 1 is that you cannot use a common preposition for all members of the series if, in terms of meaning, this preposition does not fit at least one of the SPs.
Let's add the necessary pretext: In the houses, IN the squares, In the parks it was completely dark, it was deep night, from which something mysterious and mysterious blew.
Rule 7.6.4 paragraph
7.6. MISTAKE IN CONSTRUCTING A SENTENCE WITH HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS
INTRODUCTION
Homogeneous are members of a sentence that perform the same syntactic function, are united by the same relationship to the same member of the sentence, and are interconnected by a coordinating link. Homogeneous can be both main and secondary members: subjects, predicates, additions, definitions, circumstances. For example, the definitions of "new, super-powerful computer" in relation to the word "computer" will be homogeneous; circumstances "depicted colorfully, but indistinctly" in relation to "depicted".
TYPES OF ERRORS MADE WHEN USING HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS
7.6.1 Homogeneous predicates have the same dependent object.
Rule: With a normal, correct sentence structure, from each of the two homogeneous predicates (first and second), ONE GENERAL question is posed to the general addition, For example:
Guys addicted to (what?) and doing (what?) sports; Heroes of the story remember (about what?) and share their impressions (about what?) about the years of youth.
An error occurs if each of the predicates asks a DIFFERENT question to the GENERAL addition.
Example 1: I love (who? what?) and admire (who? what) my father.
The predicates “I love” and “I admire” have one dependent word “father”, which is in the instrumental case. It turned out that the addition of “father” correctly obeyed only the second predicate, since the verb “love” requires an accusative from the addition (I love whom? What? Father), therefore, this sentence is constructed incorrectly. To correctly express a thought, you need to change the sentence so that each predicate has a separate, case-appropriate addition, for example, like this: I love my father and admire him.
Example 2: The hero of the story believed (in what? what?) and strove (for what?) to his dream. Each of the verbs requires its own form of complement, it is impossible to pick up a common word, so we change the sentence again so that each predicate has a separate complement that matches the case, for example, like this: The hero of the story believed in his dream and strove for it.
Note for teachers: This type of error refers to control errors. In written work, such a mistake is usually made by students due to inattention: the first predicate is simply overlooked, and the mistake (when pointing to it) is easily corrected. A much more serious problem arises where the student does not realize that this or that case question cannot be raised from a given verb in principle.
7.6.2 Homogeneous members are connected by double unions not only ..., but also ...; if not ... then ... and others
.Rule 1 In such proposals, attention should be paid to that parts of a double union must connect homogeneous members of the same series, For example: We were inspired not so much colorful places of this quiet city, how many the spirit of its inhabitants. Let's make a proposal: not so much O , how many O . The first part of the double union: not so much, is before the first EP, subject to “places” (we do not take into account the word “colorful”), the second part how many stands before the second subject "soulfulness".
Now let's break the sentence. Us not so much inspired by the colorful places of this quiet city, how many the spirit of its inhabitants. The first part of the union now refers to the predicate, and the second to the subject. This is where this type of error lies.
Let's look at some more examples:
Example 1: It can be argued that the mood was the main Not only for the creator of the poem, but also for his readers. That's right: each part comes before the OC, in this example, before the additions. Compare with an incorrectly constructed sentence: It can be argued that the mood was Not only the main thing for the creator of the poem, but also for his readers. The parts of the union are connected not by homogeneous members, but by the predicate and the addition.
Rule 2 It must also be remembered that the parts of a double union are permanent, they cannot be replaced by other words. Yes, the suggestion would be wrong. Merchants Stroganovs Not only boiled salt, as well as , since the union not only.. but also no. The union "not only" has the second part "but" and not "also". The correct version of this sentence would be: Merchants Stroganovs Not only boiled salt, but also mined iron and copper in their lands
This is how you can: (variants of the second part are given in brackets).
1) not only ... but also (and and; but even; and yet; and besides); not only not ... but (but rather, rather; on the contrary, on the contrary); not only; 2) not that ... but (a; simply; even, not even); even ... not that; not even ... not that; not even ... especially not;
3) moreover ... also; not only that ... also; little of; moreover, more than that; worse than that; and even.
7.6.3 In sentences with homogeneous members there is a generalizing word.
It must be taken into account that all homogeneous members must be in the same case as the generalizing word.
The grammatically correct sentence would be: I forgot about everything: about anxieties and sorrows, about sleepless nights, about sadness and longing. . The word [about] "everything" is generalizing, it is in the prepositional case. All OCs are in the same case.
Failure to comply with this rule is a gross violation of the syntactic norm: gifts:crossbows, sables and ornaments.
In this sentence, the generalizing word “gifts” is in the genitive case, and all homogeneous members (“crossbows, sable and jewelry”) are in the nominative case. Therefore, this sentence is incorrect. Correct option: Soon the nobleman began to inspect the brought gifts: crossbows, sables and ornaments.
7.6.5 Using different syntactic elements of a sentence as homogeneous members
.There is a strict grammatical rule that prescribes which elements can and cannot be combined into homogeneous members.
We list the cases in which this rule is violated.
If the proposal is combined into homogeneous
- form of the noun and the infinitive form of the verb: I love chess and swimming, I like to embroider and needlework, I'm afraid of the dark and being alone and similar;
- different forms of the nominal part of the predicate: sister was upset and worried, she was younger and kinder and similar;
- participial phrase and subordinate clause: The main characters of the story are people who are not afraid of difficulties and who are always true to their word.; I do not like people who change their attitude and who do not hide it. and similar;
Participle and participle turnover: Loving their work and striving to do it well, the builders have achieved excellent results. and similar;
that is - grammar mistake. Note that such violations are very common in written work, therefore, like the entire task 7, this part is of great practical importance.
The following types of errors occurred in assignments prior to 2015.
7.6.4 Different prepositions may be used for homogeneous terms.
In one row of OC, when listing, it is possible to use prepositions, for example: in theatre, and on the exhibition VDNKh, and on theRed Square. As you can see, this sentence uses prepositions in and on the, and that's right. It would be a mistake to use the same preposition for all the words in this series: During my three stays in Moscow, I visited and in theater, and exhibition VDNH, and Red Square. You can't be "in VDNKh" and "in Red Square." So the rule is: you cannot use a common preposition for all members of the series if, in terms of meaning, this preposition does not fit at least one of the SPs.
Example with an error: Crowds of people were everywhere: on the streets, squares, squares. Before the word "squares" it is necessary to add the preposition "in," since this word is not used with the preposition "on". Correct option: Crowds of people were everywhere: in the streets, squares, squares.
7.6.6 Connection in one row of specific and generic concepts
For example, in a sentence: The package contained oranges, juice, bananas, fruits a logical error has been made. "Oranges" and "bananas" are specific concepts in relation to the word "fruit" (that is, common), therefore, they cannot stand with it in the same row of homogeneous members. Correct option: The package contained juice and fruits: bananas, oranges.
Another error example: Adults, children and schoolchildren came to the meeting with the famous artist. The words "children" and "schoolchildren" cannot be made homogeneous.
7.6.7 The use of logically incompatible concepts in one series of homogeneous terms
For example, in a sentence The mourners walked with bags and sad faces a mistake is felt: “faces” and “bags” cannot be homogeneous.
Such intentional violation can act as a stylistic device: Only Masha, heating and winter did not sleep(K. G. Paustovsky). When the frost and mother allowed him to stick his nose out of the house, Nikita went to wander around the yard alone.(A.N. Tolstoy). Only if this is acceptable for a work of art of the level of Tolstoy or Chekhov (they are not on the exam, they can joke, play with words!), Then such humor will not be appreciated either in written works or in task 7.
Let's write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | AT | G | D |
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 1 |
Answer: 45691
Rule: Task 8. Syntactic norms.
Task 8 refers to tasks of a high level of complexity.
In the right column, 5 types of grammatical errors are given, in the left - five sentences containing these errors, and 4 - not containing errors. For each correct match found, 1 point is given. In this way, for this task, you can get from 0 to 5 points.
What is a grammatical error?
Gram-ma-ti-che-sky errors are divided into mor-fo-lo-gi-che-sky, word-formation and syn-so-si-che-sky. Next-to-va-tel-but, in tasks there can be no mistake-bok-or-fo-gram and punk-to-gram.
If a word is formed incorrectly, this is a word formation error (over-laugh, underline, etc.). And this is checked in task 6. If the form of the word is incorrectly formed, this is a morphological error (di-rek-to-ry, higher, and so on). And this is also checked in task 6.
And only mistakes syn-so-si-che-sky are checked in task 7. Sin-tak-si-che-sky-means errors in the construction of phrases and sentences, because it is these units of the language that are studied in syn-tak-si-se.
In the 2015-2016 school year, students should be able to see-de-de-de-de-lyat 10 types of side-mistakes. In this case, in each individual task there can be combinations of 5 different types. Here is a list of syntax error types that are checked:
1) a violation in the construction of a sentence with participial ob-rot
2) an error in the construction of a complex preposition
3) a violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
4) violation of the connection between the subject and the sa-zu-e-my
5) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms
6) a violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial verb
7) an error in constructing a complex with indirect speech
8) mistake in using the case form of a noun
9) mistake in the use of the numeral
10) error when using homogeneous terms
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ASSIGNMENT
1. If the sentence has a part-part / de-e-part-part / a word in quotation marks and so on, then this does not mean av-to-ma-ti-che-ski that the error is found -on the. It will be exactly like this: in one sentence there can be de-e-participation, and homogeneous members, and indirect speech. And this DIFFICULT sentence may be perfectly right. Or maybe there will be an error in it. Therefore, it’s not good to guess ...
2. Do not rush to go through task 8 in the test mode. Open assignments with no-no-eat. In the explanation, a specific analysis of the GIVEN in the example task will be given. If there is a not-about-ho-di-bridge, open the link RIGHT-VI-LO, a link to it will be attached to each of the five types.
3. Pay attention to the fact that under the type, for example, on-ru-she-nie in constructing a sentence with participial ob-ro-th as many as SIX different errors are hidden, one way or another related to the sacramental ob-ro-tu. That is why it will be indicated: See paragraph 7.1.2 or 7.4.3. This will be exactly the part of pra-vi-la that is needed for explanations-not-ni. For example, about what represents an error in the use of a lo-ha in a private o-ro-te, it will be on-pi -sa-but in the “Handbook”, in paragraph 7.1.3. On-ve-di-te on the link right-vi-lo and pro-chi-tay-te the right paragraph.
4. You-learn-those right-vi-lo for one type, and only then re-re-ho-di-te to another.
- Good afternoon, Valery Dmitrievich, let's start with the latest events. Here, again, searches began at night. Moreover, the searches are no longer at the politicians, but at those who were identified as participants in these protests, as Sergei Semyonovich Sobyanin called them, "mass riots." Although Varvara found out that the article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Mass riots”, what happened had nothing to do with it.
- Yes, I also, of course, looked at this article, which is charged with the accused, and, of course, there is nothing in common between the content of the article and what we all observed, personally and indirectly, on July 27, there is not a trace. The authorities are now trying to stop the growth of protests in Moscow. And she does it in two usual ways, or rather, three. The first way is to isolate potential and current leaders. The second is to hang the sword of Damocles of criminal prosecution over all potential participants in future actions. And third, she is launching a propaganda campaign. Methodical instructions were received, that behind all this, allegedly, there is the State Department, no more, no less. Look how quickly Trump reacted to Navalny's poisoning (real or supposed). And that all this, they say, is not without reason and that it is necessary at all costs to set the "fire of the orange revolution", the "orange plague" in the heart of Russia, in the Russian capital. There is a natural analogy with the "bog case". But I think that so far the government is not ready to go that far. She would rather intimidate. But if the protest continues, I am inclined to believe that it will continue in an unsanctioned form. Because those who came out on July 27 felt the charm of freedom.
Protests in an unsanctioned form will continue, and then this will entail tougher repression. But this still will not stop the protests, as they have become decentralized.
This is becoming like the yellow vest movement in France, where protests have been going on for almost a year, if my memory serves me, and where the organizer has not been identified. It is quite possible to do this both in Moscow and in other large cities of the Russian Federation. What we saw on July 27 is the transition of the political crisis from a latent phase to an open phase. This is the beginning of the open phase of the political crisis in the Russian Federation.
- From the point of view of social psychology, how do today's protests differ from the protests of 2012? Someone says that people have become more evil. Someone says that they felt that, unlike in 2012, there are no prospects.
Your question actually contains the answer. First, there is nothing to lose. And everyone understands this well. Secondly, any illusions about the fact that you can go to the polls and achieve something, they are disappearing right now. In Russia there have always been supporters of gradual steps, evolutionary action. All these hopes are dashed. You go to the polls, don't go, you just won't be allowed to them anyway. And third, people are tired of being afraid. It is very important. They are tired of being afraid. Here is the part that took to the streets on July 27, she is freed from this fear, she broke this barrier or it became lower for her and they are aware of this .. This was not the case in 2012, when the first repressions hit. But now they know that participation in politics has to be paid, and they are ready. That is, there was, if you like, a natural moral and psychological political selection. And this selection will forge, I'm not afraid of this word, a galaxy of real revolutionaries.
- Yesterday, one of my acquaintances wrote, saying that I was listening to the frightening speeches of the Prosecutor General, who was pumping something up about the riots, that now we will put things in order, and so on, and the whole of Moscow and the region knows that his son is engaged in the garbage business and he polluted the entire suburbs with his garbage dumps. Here he is sitting with a serious look, broadcasting something, and people know that the stink from landfills is part of his son's business. That is, they were no longer perceived precisely as legitimate power. After all, the same police who screwed people in the center of Moscow are the same people who beat people at landfills and during spot developments, acting as servants of the construction and garbage mafia. That is, people begin to develop some kind of immunity to these formidable statements by the security forces.
“People have gone through school. I fully agree with your explanation, Yuri, that the authorities there have lost their legitimacy, because the key representatives are mired in crimes. This is a pure truth. But what matters is how people perceive it. They are tired of seeing all this, they are tired of enduring it and they understand that they were left with no other choice. They just didn't leave it.
When we will write books about how the next revolution in Russia began, we will use all these terms to legitimize power. When we consider this at the everyday level, in our everyday life, what words do we use with you? Enough. I don't have the strength to endure it anymore. Enough. It's a feeling of moral satiety, right? What, then, if we endure, we cease to be human. it's not even a question of whether I'm a citizen or not. We just stop being human. Here people protect their human dignity in this way.
—That is, "not to be cattle", as in this song?
-Yes. By the way, this is a very good song. It could very well be an anthem. Yes, "don't be a beast" is exactly right.
- Yes ... In your opinion, is this why they decided not to allow candidates? Was it some kind of miscalculation of the authorities or did they just not care at all?
- Well, you know, Var, both are true. Firstly, they are completely lazy, well, just completely, they don’t want to excel, they rely only on blunt force, here on blunt force and absolute disregard for public opinion. And secondly, you can put it first, there was a mistake in assessing the situation. Decided: summer, people will swallow. Well, before swallowed. Remember? Well, since they already hawali, they are grabbing this time too. Ah, don't hide it.
I have a feeling that for many who went to the rally on July 20, on the 27th, who will come out on August 3, they don’t care who the candidate is. They have a sense of the moral intolerance of the situation.
This is what I think is very important. Moreover, the process of collecting signatures in itself... To be honest, if you collect signatures, you somehow involve people in this matter, each of the candidates involves several thousand people.
We have said several times that people have changed their psychological image, they do not want to endure anymore, they want changes. Not all of them are willing to pay for change, it's true, but those who came out on July 27 are clearly willing to pay for change. including their own, perhaps, freedom, and their own health. It is obvious. To be honest, I did not see such bitterness in the 12th year. It wasn't easy. Then people hoped that they could somehow slip through, everything would be much easier. And now they understand that they will have to fight for real. Here is the qualitative difference of the situation. And the government also did not appreciate the change in mass sentiment. Moreover, a qualitative change in mass moods. So, she made mistakes and it could have been avoided, or at least of this magnitude. because for the height of summer this is an unprecedented mobilization.
—By the way, in event, which on August 3, almost twice as many people have already registered as on the 27th. How can you explain this?
- There is such a field of scientific knowledge - the study of revolution, revolutionary studies. It says that if society perceives the government as illegitimate, then repression by the authorities is perceived as illegal and increases the political mobilization of the protesters. This is exactly what we have come to now. The more pressure, the stronger the force of opposition. Now we are seeing this in real time. This is considered a very important quality point for any political crisis, it means that we are just starting to crawl into a revolution already. Not in a crisis, but in a revolution, when people have a growing desire to resist.
“Yesterday we found out that the event itself was done according to a very interesting scheme. There are about 5 points on the boulevards, starting with Strastnoy and ending with Pokrovka. And then there is a circular motion along the boulevard ring.
— Visualization is important for the protest. In my opinion, the colors of the national flag, such as a ribbon or badge, can be used for this. Then people understand that there are many of them, and arresting people for having a badge with a national flag is already a recognition that a coup d'état has taken place in Russia.
- In your opinion, have the elections already ended, or maybe Pamfilova will be able to turn on the ombudsman regime and play some role again?
- Well, it's not Pamfilova who decides. Her powers have always been limited, this is decided at a higher level. In this case, the policy towards the Moscow protests is determined by the security forces at the federal level. Sobyanin is here on the side-baked, they gave the text and said "Read, protect the National Guard." By the way, on July 27, the National Guard was instructed not to spare batons. They were told "We will smear you, don't worry." Because of this, tensions arose between them and the police.
—And who does Gorbunov from the Moscow City Electoral Committee work for?
- In this case, everything was transferred to the jurisdiction of the security forces, because the security forces are now preventing a color revolution. On July 27, snipers were sitting on the roof of Tverskaya.
- Do I understand correctly that we now have a nomination to the Moscow City Duma is equated with the "orange revolution"?
“They haven’t gotten that far yet, though. They concluded, I don't know on what basis. But, given that these are people with serious mental problems, those people who assess the situation. I don't know what intelligence data they received.
“But it seems to me that they just invent them themselves.
You see, that's what they're afraid of. They are most afraid of the revolution. They view the revolution to themselves like generals preparing for past battles. They think a mob will gather and take over some government building and set up camp there. So it must be prevented. Therefore, they, like Pavlov's dog, reacted to the appearance of a tent on July 14 near the building of the Moscow City Electoral Committee. This immediately became a signal to them that this was preparation for a revolution.
— Do you know that specially hired provocateurs were carrying these tents, waving signs of candidates near them. But that's not even the point, the point is that there would be no tents if it weren't for those vile scenes when the signatures of opposition candidates were rejected. Moreover, everyone knew that the signatures that the United Russia "self-nominated people" had collected were not collected from living people, but for some reason it was from them that the signatures were checked according to an accelerated procedure.
Everything you say is true, but 2-3 years ago society would have swallowed this whole situation, would have been indignant, but would not have gone out into the street. Now people have changed, they began to go out. And this is very important.
- Do you agree that there are actually very serious economic motives here, because they do not need independent, not corrupt candidates in the Moscow City Duma?
- Well, imagine: someone will examine the budget under a magnifying glass and say, “Look, why so many billions are spent on curbs and landscaping, and not on hospitals?”
- And not just to consider! Nobody bothers to consider even now, we ourselves rummage through it regularly. But with the powers of deputies, it seems to me that it is possible to create a completely different level of informing citizens about what is happening.
- Certainly! There is a lot of money at stake. And the deputies have legal access to this information and will be able to quickly share it thanks to social networks, to which everyone has access in Moscow.
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| Information about the budget of Moscow for 2019-2021 / Mos.ru |
- First of all, yes. Secondly, everything is being considered with an eye on the 2021 elections. Imagine, there, Yashin succeeds, Sobol succeeds. Yashin and Sobol are connected with Navalny. Gudkov succeeds. They publicize all these unseemly deeds, they become very well-known and popular figures on a nationwide or citywide scale, what will happen in the 21st year? They think with this sight. And here they are thinking about the transit of power in order to run everything smoothly. They must win in 80% of the constituencies during the Duma elections. There is already such a plan, 80% must be taken in order to ensure a majority in the State Duma. In voting on party lists, United Russia's chances are already declining almost every day.
In fact, it was not clear from the beginning and now it remains unclear how many of the candidates from the opposition could get into the Moscow City Duma. But the authorities do not want to take risks, this is important. It comes from the fact that people are hiding their true passions now, more hiding than before, and therefore the results of the elections may be unexpected. That is, they do not even trust sociology, and sociology did not look the best. At least in some counties. So we decided not to risk it. This decision was made from the start. It was a fundamental preliminary directive: not to let Gudkov, Yashin, or Sobol in. And just on this issue there was a complete consensus between the presidential administration and the Moscow mayor's office. Nobody expected such consequences. Now they probably think they should have let Mitrokhin in right away, then they would have split the conditional united front. Maybe someone else, they think, maybe one of the candidates who is less likely to get through, you know? And then they took everyone and "banned". And it was possible not all, but the most dangerous. Just think, 1-2 people would pass, not very pleasant, but still tolerable. But they, you see, had to achieve 100% guarantees. Here is "achieved". In fact, the institution of elections no longer exists.
—It seems to me, you know, they simply did not expect that the candidates would be prepared, that they would have headquarters.
- We did not expect, honestly, that it would be possible to collect such a number of signatures. Didn't expect it.
- And this cannot be the result of complete incompetence in political matters of the “new” team of Sobyanin? This is Sergunina, who used to deal with city property in general.
- I can say for sure that all the people who work with her on the subject of elections speak extremely negatively about her. They say that Rakova, no matter how she was treated, was a very good political manager, able to clearly respond to analytics, to changing situations, to modify the political behavior of the authorities. Sergunina is completely different. This is a question of how to earn more in the elections.
—Even so? This is money laundering for the campaign, isn't it?
— Giant money is allocated for the campaign. I'm not kidding at all. It allocates to field work, sociology, conducting and supporting independent candidates. It was possible to receive a budget, but several times the budget of the opposition. We agreed to run as an independent candidate on a conditional basis, saying that I would campaign. You could have been given a lot.
—Corrupt officials of this lower level have now brought the country to the brink of revolution.
“Revolutions usually happen that way. Revolutionaries do not lead society to revolution. Power leads. And not because of a great mind, but because of stupidity, mistakes and greed. Here are three motives. There are studies that show that all revolutions, from two-thirds to three-quarters of revolutions, start as a result of the mistakes of the authorities, and not as a result of objective facts and actions of revolutionaries. Nothing like this. The government simply provokes itself. We see in the example of Moscow how this happens.
- As for nonsense - Mikhail Svetov was detained right at the exit from the mayor's office. A truce came to negotiate - and he was detained. That is, not only were the negotiations themselves of an ultimatum, but the parliamentarian was also detained. This is fine? Is this a mistake or intent?
- This is their way of thinking, they think like that. But by doing so, the government creates serious problems for itself. Who will now talk with you about something or who will believe even a single word of yours? Speaking in the jargon characteristic of the ruling generation, this is all very un-boyish. Boys don't act like that. In response, they will receive a similar reaction. They show a propensity for unmotivated violence. People's hands are untied. What do we see? The deanonymization of the policemen, the fighters of the National Guard has begun, and threats to their families have allegedly already begun. And what will happen next? This is not what the opposition is doing. This is very important to understand. Now any discussion about the need for negotiations is over. Now no one will argue about whether change should be achieved in a revolutionary way, or a radical one. The discussion is over. The government itself has put an end to it.
- So, if we draw a conclusion here, people have ceased to perceive the authorities as a party to negotiations?
- Yes. In a broad sense, they are no longer perceived as power. They are perceived as usurpers. It is very important. You can use a strong expression - as an occupying power. But I would say that if you are not legitimate, you become usurpers. You have no right. And if the usurper resorts to violence...
- That is278thArticle of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
“Then he pushes those who oppose the usurpation of power to violence. In past interviews, we have already discussed the Moscow City Duma. Did the opposition have a chance to get a majority, like, say, in 1996? No. Maximum - 4-5 seats. We understand this well.
— And what about preventive arrests of oppositionists? The country arrested for a period of 10 to 30 days all independent candidates, outraged by the illegal culling of signatures. This is a scandal! In fact, society was defiantly "planted" with these false cases, which in no way correspond to the law and reality, just like drugs were given to Ivan Golunov.
- This is mistake. Politically, this is a mistake. Protests will appear anyway, there will be other leaders. People have shown the ability to self-organize and act in addition to legitimate leaders. This is the most dangerous thing that can happen - when the authorities deprive themselves of the other side of the negotiations, the subject of the negotiations. When the autonomist movement appears, which says: well, what can we talk about with you? You will arrest us all. We will start acting anonymously. This immediately increases the degree of violence, when people are afraid to negotiate, hide their faces, but at the same time are ready to protest, this automatically leads to an increase in the degree of confrontation and the degree of violence. Again, whose fault is this? This is a self-evident answer. This is important to understand. You and I are witnessing an absolute textbook deployment of a well-known political scientist and historian the thesis that "The authorities pave the way to upheavals." It's not the opposition, it's the government that does it. Also notice how she stubbornly and consistently does it. Step by step.
- Valery Dmitrievich, then the last question. I will ask again about the 3rd number. On the 27th, a lot of people came out - despite some stuffing intimidating, warning about some provocations, secret weapons. In fact it was even a very powerful undercover company. Now they have already moved from stuffing and intimidation to specific arrests and imprisonments, they have opened cases under criminal articles, for which there is no probation, there is only one sanction - imprisonment. Now, if, despite all this, as many people come out on the 3rd as on the 27th, what will this say, in your opinion?
- This will just say that the protests are moving into a new quality. In its, at least, moral and psychological aspect. Further, in the autumn, the protesters should unite, move with a nationwide platform. It is impossible to be limited only to Moscow. To succeed, one must go beyond Moscow. I think the protesters will come to feel it. Now the protesters are just testing their own strength and power. It is important for people to feel their new state.
I had a feeling that on July 27th they caught the drive, what I observed, my extensive communication incl. with those people who came for the first time, I was surprised by their reaction: “You know, we liked it, we will definitely go out! We want to fight for freedom, we like to fight for freedom!”. So they wrote to me. I think this is a very important moral and psychological shift. And then it will push towards other political forms: towards unification, towards the development of a long-term strategy, because in order to solve the problem of power in the country, a long-term strategy and nationwide actions are needed. It's understandable, right? We'll get to that in the fall. I want to say that the repression will be tougher. The repressive machine will work throughout the year, counting from August. But by next year it will just break.
Why do you think it will break?
She won't be able to handle the pressure she's going to face. She will face mounting protests. First. And secondly, a very strong moral and psychological breakdown will occur inside the machine itself. Risks will rise, you know? The risks for those who are inside the machine itself will increase sharply, motivation will disappear. I can still understand, conditionally, the advanced National Guard, who receive 50-60 thousand rubles. For them, who came from small towns, this is a lot of money. Plus hatred for Muscovites. Imagine these protests across Russia. The National Guard is definitely not strong enough. By the way, there are not so many of them at all. I mean capable. This is the first. Secondly, there are officers, they will begin to think: is it worth risking their own lives and future for the sake of the generals. In any political crisis, this moment happens when the loyalty of the repressive machine begins to crack. And according to my estimates, not only mine, by the way, the loyalty of the repressive machine will not last long.
Interviewed by Varvara Gryaznova and Yuri Ivanov.
Wednesday, July 31, 2019
I don’t know in detail what the situation is with the fires in Siberia, but, as my local comrades explained, at first they thought that it was not necessary to extinguish, and then, when they realized what was needed, it turned out that it would not work. And we decided that now we must continue to say that it is not necessary, because if you say that, after all, it was necessary, it will turn out that you crap yourself.
I had a classmate in elementary school who crap one's pants in class and pretended hard that nothing had happened. He sat at his desk with a concentrated face and did not get up. And everyone, of course, understood that something was wrong, they sniffed, whispered, in general, it was uncomfortable. At the break, they found out what happened and with whom. Because everyone was running, jumping, and he was sitting - gloomy, serious, immersed in a textbook.
The teacher saved us. She said: "Vasya, I'm letting you go, go home." He got up and left. And everyone breathed a sigh of relief. True, not immediately.
In the situation with the fires in Siberia, there is a feeling that the teacher is not in the class, or she has a very bad cold, and she does not feel anything. And so those who crap themselves continue to sit and be silent, pretending that nothing is happening. It's disturbing and sad.
The story of the elections to the Moscow City Duma is even sadder. The feeling that the teacher in this class crap. But she, as if nothing had happened, continues to teach the lesson, and when someone expresses dissatisfaction, she puts deuces and calls the athlete to put things in order in the class. And he says: “Guys, what don't you like? Look how beautiful our curtains are!”
So we donated money to them...
We, independent municipal deputies of Moscow, express our solidarity with
the demand of tens of thousands of Muscovites who went out to peacefully protest on July 20, 2019.
We stand for fair competitive elections as the only way for peaceful change.
We once again call on the Moscow City Electoral Commission to register all opposition candidates for deputies of the Moscow City Duma.
We are confident that such a decision will ensure civil peace and tranquility in our city.
We demand from Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin and the Moscow authorities not to interfere with the Moscow City Electoral Commission to impartially consider the legitimate complaints of candidates about the refusal to register and take the only correct and legal decision on their registration so as not to aggravate the social situation in our city.
If the city authorities continue to block political competition and insist on an unfair and illegal decision to withdraw the candidates who have collected signatures, we are ready to come out with our demands to a people's gathering near the Moscow City Hall on Saturday, July 27, together with our voters. With our personal authority and our presence, we are ready to support Muscovites at this event.
We call on the police to ensure the safety of citizens exercising their constitutional right to peaceful protest and are committed to helping citizens protect the interests of society and local government.
1 Filina Elena Evgenievna, Prospect Vernadsky;
2 Filchenko Galina Alexandrovna, Tverskoy;
3 Vyacheslav Konstantinovich Titov, Tverskoy;
4 Yakubovich Yakov Borisovich, Tverskoy
5 Kotov Viktor Nikolaevich, Basmanny;
6 Tikhonova Asiya Firdavisovna, Khamovniki;
7 Pishchalnikov Alexander Sergeevich, Troparevo-Nikulino;
8 Volnov Yury Anatolyevich, Preobrazhenskoe;
9 Dikarev Vasily Andreevich, Yakimanka;
10 Shcherbakova Yulia Anatolyevna, Cheryomushki;
11 Dmitry Alexandrovich Petrov, Yakimanka;
12 Melkumov Alexander Alexandrovich, Khamovniki;
13 Venediktov Vadim Arkadyevich, Khamovniki;
14 Nakhimson Alexander Emmanuilovich, Khamovniki;
15 Surikova Irina Evgenievna, Filevsky Park;
16 Ataulin Vadim Rafailovich, Voikovsky;
17 Ilyin Nikita Igorevich, Voikovsky;
18 Romashkevich Anastasia Yurievna, Presnensky;
19 Kolodkin Efim Romanovich, Arbat;
20 Vilents Alexey Viktorovich, Cheryomushki;
21 Komissarova Natalya Lvovna, Preobrazhenskoye;
22 Kakitelashvili Sergey Ilyich, Arbat;
23 Zalishchak Vladimir Borisovich, Donskoy;
24 Alifanov Anton Viktorovich, Khamovniki;
25 Krashakova Tatyana Vladimirovna, Kuntsevo;
26 Tsukasov Sergey Sergeevich, Ostankino;
27 Chudnovsky Alexander Olegovich, Khamovniki;
28 Alieva Elizaveta Romanovna, Maryina Grove;
29 Kasimova Tatyana Leonidovna, Khamovniki;
30 Chernikova Tatyana Grigorievna, Troparevo-Nikulino;
31 Alyokhina Natalya Anatolyevna,
Dorogomilovo;
32 Andreeva Tatyana Gennadievna, Dorogomilovo;
33 Ulyanenko Irina Anatolyevna, Dorogomilovo;
34 Trifonov Sergey Yurievich, Dorogomilovo;
35 Rusakova Elena Leonidovna, Gagarinsky;
36 Gongalsky Maxim Bronislavovich, Ramenki;
37 Prushinsky Sergey Anatolyevich, Teply Stan;
38 Kruglova Anna Lvovna, Sokol;
39 Azar Ilya Vilyamovich, Khamovniki;
40 Truntaev Gennady Fedorovich, Timiryazevsky;
41 Vdovin Sergei Evgenievich, Timiryazevsky;
42 Galyamina Yulia Evgenievna, Timiryazevsky;
43 Morev Andrey Zinovievich, Yakimanka;
44 Kolesnik Anton Valerievich, Airport;
45 Biryukov Mikhail Yurievich, Krasnoselsky;
46 Gospodarik Nikolai Yurievich, Khamovniki;
47 Zuev Yury Borisovich, Gagarinsky;
48 Zelenov Dmitry Gennadievich, Yakimanka;
49 Dolinsky Maxim Semyonovich, Meshchansky;
50 Selkova Elena Andreevna, Cheryomushki;
51 Khalezov Ivan Alexandrovich, Bogorodskoye;
52 Tatsiy Egor Sergeevich, Zamoskvorechye;
53 Leonova Vera Aleksandrovna, Zamoskvorechye;
54 Barantsev Viktor Sergeevich, Zamoskvorechye;
55 Panov Alexey Vladimirovich, Konkovo;
56 Zhuykova Nadezhda Mikhailovna, Academic;
57 Gryaznova Anna Mikhailovna, Khamovniki;
58 Gagarin Alexander Nikolaevich, Troparevo-Nikulino;
59 Tsarenko Tatyana Vladimirovna, Izmailovo;
60 Velmakin Mikhail Vadimovich, Otradnoe;
61 Reinhimmel Yuri Alexandrovich, Meshchansky;
62 Gretskaya Marina Valerievna, Tverskoy;
63 Yashin Ilya Valerievich, Krasnoselsky;
64 Belavsky Evgeny Vladimirovich, Timiryazevsky
65 Gruzdeva Alexandra Nikolaevna, Troparevo-Nikulino
66 Vitkovskaya Kira Georgievna, Vnukovskoye village
67 Vasiliev Nikolai Vladimirovich, Presnensky
68 Gershberg Evgenia Igorevna, Troparevo-Nikulino
69 Vasandani Tatyana Mikhailovna, Academic
70 Khananashvili Nodari Lotarievich, Academic
71 Oleshkevich Denis Valerievich, Savelovsky
72 Lukyanenko Alexey Vladimirovich, Zyuzino;
73 Ivanov Mikhail Sergeevich, Zyuzino;
74 Gurylev Boris Vyacheslavovich, Zyuzino;
75 Kezin Mikhail Sergeevich, Ostankino;
76 Petrunin Maxim Maksimovich, Krylatskoe;
77 Mostinskaya Olga Sergeevna, Filevsky Park;
78 Glek Igor Vladimirovich, Troparevo-Nikulino;
79 Ivashkina Elena Valerievna, Presnensky;
80 Khoroshilov Vasily Vadimovich, Academic;
81 Shaposhnikova Anna Svetlana Alfredovna, Northern Tushino;
82 Yarilin Pavel Anatolyevich, Airport;
83 Makarova Natalya Viktorovna, Tagansky;
84 Kopkina Irina Nikolaevna, Strogino;
85 Mishchenko Ilya Alexandrovich, Krasnoselsky;
86 Silaeva Ekaterina Gennadievna, Northern Izmailovo;
87 Guller Nonna Viktorovna, Arbat;
88 Prokuronov Denis Dmitrievich, Filevsky Park;
89 Denezhkina Marina Nikolaevna, Butyrsky;
90 Ber Ilya Leonidovich, Preobrazhenskoye;
91 Korovin Vadim Alexandrovich, Filevsky Park;
92 Andrey Larichev, Fili-Davydkovo;
93 Alexey Alekseevich Devyatov, Fili-Davydkov;
94 Klochkov Dmitry Vladimirovich, Maryina Roshcha
95 Stusov Anton Alexandrovich, Academic;
96 Dovgal Sergey Fedorovich, Timiryazevsky;
97 Remizova Evgenia Mikhailovna, Basmanny;
98 Kuksina Natalya Sergeevna, Timiryazevsky;
99 Kravchuk Olga Vladimirovna, Rostokino;
100 Langar Artem Rakhimullovich, Gagarinsky; Dmitry Gudkov (5th district), Director of the Anti-Corruption Foundation Ivan Zhdanov(8th district), to a municipal deputy from Zyuzino Konstantin Jankauskas(31 districts). In addition, the working group considered complaints Lyubov Sobol(43 district) and Elena Rusakova(37 district), however, the forecast for registration is also negative, which is why Lyubov Sobol
