There are several large lakes and ski resorts within a two-hour drive from it, which has created a temperate climate in the region, with a transition from maritime to continental. Snowy winters and cool summers have largely contributed to the fact that sightseeing holidays in Munich are relevant all year round. However, there are exceptions when the thermometer in winter can drop to ... -30 С°.
Story
The history of the city dates back to the 8th century. It was at this time that a small settlement of monks appeared here, which later acquired the status of a city. After a while, the lands passed into the possession of the Wittelsbach dynasty, which ruled Bavaria until its partition until 1255, but until 1918 the city remained their residence. Today, the Wittelsbach Palace operates as a museum and is open to tourists throughout the year.
During the First World War, Munich was badly damaged by air attacks organized by French troops. In 1918, the November Revolution brought the Social Democrats to power. King Ludwig III and his family have to flee the city. In April 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was proclaimed, but a month later it was liquidated by government troops.
World War II also left its mark on the city. Munich suffered more from the bombing of allied aircraft. The result of seventy raids on the city was the almost complete destruction of its historical part, and Munich itself was 50% in ruins.
In the post-war period, the city quickly recovered and already in 1972 was honored to host the Olympic Games on its territory. Built specifically for this event, the Olympic Park is still a place of pilgrimage for tourists.
Useful information for tourists
Getting around the city is much more convenient by public transport than by taxi. Firstly, a taxi is expensive, and secondly, it is not so easy to find a car, only in special parking lots. Moreover, not every local resident will be able to give you the number of a taxi service, since rarely anyone uses this service. Everyone has heard about German pedantry, but the organization of public transport can be the best way to verify this.
Munich is connected by a large and well-developed network of trams, buses, metros and even city trains. All of them run according to the schedule, accurate to the minute. Rare are the cases when transport is delayed - rare enough that it becomes the event of the day.
For comfortable movement around the city, just choose the right ticket. At first glance, this may seem like a difficult task, but if you plan a tourist route in advance and understand a little German, everything is quite simple. The Munich transport system is divided into 4 zones, internal, white and green (XXL) and general. The cost of tickets does not depend on the distance you need to overcome, and not even on the type of transport, but on the zone. For a tourist, the most optimal would be a day or three-day Single-Tageskarte ticket (for one person) or Partner-Tageskarte (up to 5 people).
How to get to Munich
Munich Franz Josef Strauss Airport (Flughafen München "Franz Josef Strauß") daily receives more than a hundred flights from around the world, including from Russia. From the airport to the city center can be reached by train S-Bahn, which stops at all significant stops in the city. You can buy a ticket for the train in one of the many machines, which, as a rule, are located right next to the escalators. Taxis are also available for Munich. The cost of a trip from the airport will be much more than in the city.
You can also get to Munich by train. The railroad is well developed here. However, fans of traveling by car will also be satisfied with the road infrastructure, because many autobahns of German cities are connected precisely with Munich.
Where to stay
You can stay anywhere in Munich. It all depends on the tastes and preferences of the tourist. Chic and modest hotels, inexpensive apartments, hostels - everything is at the service of guests. However, it is worth taking care of booking in advance, especially when it comes to the peak of the tourist season.
Shopping and shopping
The capital of Bavaria will enchant shoppers. In Munich, in addition to large shopping centers where time flies, literally on every street you can find boutiques of famous brands, souvenir shops and various shops offering to buy anything. However, it is worth noting that boutiques and small shops are open mainly until 18:00 and only from Monday to Saturday.
Seasonal markets and fairs
Antique market - you can get to it only on the first Saturday of the month. Here you can buy antique jewelry, furniture, accessories, postcards, stamps.
BRK-Flohmark is a grandiose fair taking place at the end of April. Here you can buy children's things and toys, including antiques, while their cost will be much lower than in local shops.
Riem Market is the largest Bavarian bazaar. Mostly people come here to sell old things, but it is difficult to call them old, rather new ones that have not been used in everyday life.
Viktualienmarkt is a flea market. Contrary to the prevailing stereotypes, for more than 200 years they have been selling here not unnecessary things, but all kinds of products, including delicacies. By the way, farm products are constantly brought here, and bakeries also operate on the territory of the market.
Sights of Munich
If you want to learn more about the history and culture of Munich, feel the atmosphere of the capital of Bavaria, visit its main attractions: Frauenkirche, Nymphenburg Palace, St. Peter (St. Peter's Church), Residence, Old Town Hall. No less interesting would be a visit to the BMW Museum, Karlplatz. And, of course, do not forget to visit the English Garden and the Olympic Park.
Frauenkirche (Cathedral of Our Lady) is a Gothic cathedral built in the 15th century, one of the symbols of Munich. The cathedral is 109 meters long, 40 meters wide and 37 meters high and can accommodate 20,000 people. Two towers stand out in the architecture of the cathedral, almost 100 meters high with stunning views of the city. Frauenkirche is a masterpiece of late Gothic. This is an austere brick three-nave temple with a simple interior decoration. The footprint in the hallway of the church is called the Devil's footprint. According to legend, the unclean man argued with the architect of the cathedral, but lost the argument. Enraged, he turned into wind and tried to destroy the temple. That is why there is always a slight breeze here.
Nymphenburg Palace is one of the main attractions of Munich, a luxurious palace with a picturesque garden and a canal. Built as a summer residence for kings, the palace impresses with its luxury and austerity of form. The construction of Nymphenburg dates back to the 17th century. The architect was the Italian Barelli. Inside you can appreciate the life of the monarchs, see art and history. No less famous is the palace park - 229 hectares of park landscape in the English style. You can ride a gondola along the palace canal.
Marienplatz
Marienplatz Munich's Marienplatz with the New and Old Town Halls is the world famous center of the Bavarian capital. This is a real attraction for guests and residents of the city, a venue for major cultural events and fairs.
In the architecture of the square, the New Town Hall stands out - a grandiose neo-Gothic building built at the beginning of the 20th century. Now the city council of Munich sits here. The tower of the New Town Hall provides a beautiful view of the old town. You can climb it by elevator.
In the center of the square there is an 11-meter Marian column of the late 16th century with a sculpture of the Virgin Mary with Christ.
Old Town Hall (left) and St. Petra (right) In the eastern part of Marienplatz, you can look at two interesting buildings at once. The Old Town Hall is an old building of the 14th century in the Gothic style, restored after the destruction of the Second World War. The tower houses a toy museum.
Next to the Old Town Hall is the Cathedral of St. Petra is Munich's oldest parish church with a history spanning over 8 centuries. The building combines the features of many architectural styles, and a beautiful baroque altar is built inside. The architecture of the cathedral stands out with a 91-meter tower, which can offer one of the most beautiful views of Munich. To do this, you need to overcome more than 300 steps.
Allianz Arena is the home stadium of the Bayern football club, one of the most famous and comfortable stadiums in the world.
Karlplatz (Karlplatz) is one of the main squares of the historic center with beautiful architecture. The square is named after Charles IV Theodore, although the people of Munich themselves simply call the square Stachus. In honor of the old beer tavern, which was before its formation. The main architectural attraction is the Charles Gate - an ancient Gothic gate from the early 14th century, which used to be part of the city's fortifications. Opposite is the neo-Baroque Palace of Justice and the building of the Kaufhof Gallery shopping complex. The main pedestrian street connects Karlsplatz with another central square, Marienplatz.
Odeonplatz is an Italian-style square in the northern part of the historic center of Munich near Ludwigstraße. Here you can admire a beautiful church of the 17th century in the late Baroque style with two powerful towers and a dome, a loggia similar to the building on Piazza della Signoria in Florence, the royal residence and the Hofgarten garden.
The residence is one of the largest palace complexes in Germany, located near Odeonplatz on Max-Joseph-Platz. This impressive building with an area of more than 23,000 square meters. meters with luxurious halls in the style of classicism, baroque and rococo, decorated with objects of culture and art. The history of the Residence is over 600 years. More than 40 original bronze sculptures from the 16th and 17th centuries are exhibited in the bronze halls of the palace, and royal regalia and other valuable items are in the treasury.
The Olympic Park is one of the most beautiful and popular places in Munich. Built on the occasion of the 1972 Olympic Games. Here are several famous places in Bavaria: the Olympic Stadium, the Olympic Hall and the Olympic Towers. In addition, there is the largest amusement park in Bavaria, concerts, entertainment and cultural events, festivals and various sporting events are held here.
Other attractions in Munich
BMW Welt is a museum of the world-famous BMW brand. There are exhibitions and promotions, tours of the museum and the plant.
The Pinakothek is an art gallery in Munich. The old Pinakothek exhibits objects of European painting from the 14th-18th centuries, while the new and modern Pinakothek exhibits about 400 works of art from the 18th-20th centuries.
The Bavarian State Opera is one of the largest operas in the world with 450 performances annually.
Hofbräuhaus is an old beer house. Here you can touch the secrets and traditions of Bavarian brewing, enjoy regional cuisine, beer, music and folk dances that convey the historical atmosphere of Munich.
The Old Court is an old imperial residence located on the road from Marienplatz. This is the Munich Kaiserburg, which houses the museum.
Oktoberfest is the legendary beer festival in Germany, which is held annually in Munich in autumn from mid-September to early October. It is the largest beer festival in the world with over 6 million tourists. During this time, millions of liters of beer are drunk here. Oktoberfest is an important part of Bavarian culture and its roots go back to the Middle Ages.
Video - Munich
The Isar flows through Tyrol (Austria) and Bavaria (Germany) and flows into the Danube. The Isar River has probably been used since prehistoric times as a trade route for the transport of goods by rafts from the Alps and from Italy to the Danube.
Bridges across the Isar have been discovered since the Middle Ages. The cities of Munich and Landshut were founded in the Middle Ages in connection with the construction of bridges over this river, while it was a question of distributing trade routes with the conquest of power and economic influence. Further urban expansion generated a steady demand for timber and lime, which led to a boom in alloying, especially in the highlands.
Since the 17th century, various goods, tropical fruits, spices, cotton and silk have been transported through the Isar from Mittenwald, the city of Venetian fairs, to Vienna and Budapest.
Today, the Isar River plays a huge role for Munich, providing the city with water, as well as electricity from hydroelectric power plants built within the capital of Bavaria. In summer, vacationers gather on the banks of the Isar. Thanks to good water purification in the river, you can swim.
The Munich Zoo Hellabrunn is located on the right bank of the river, and the Thalkirchner Brücke bridge connects the Thalkirchen (Tierpark) metro station, line U3, located on the left bank of the Isar.
Location map:
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The fountain is located in Munich on Museum Island (German: Museumsinsel) north of Ludwigsbrücke. It is dedicated to the Rhine, the river god of the same name. The fountain was created by the Munich sculptor Adolf von Hildebrand (1847-1921), whose work includes...
Maksturm is the only surviving part of the Herzog-Max-Burg (German: Herzog-Max-Burg), or Maxburg (German: Maxburg) building destroyed during World War II. Maxburg was built by order of William V the Pious in 1590 by architect...
The House of Literature is a cultural institution in the center of Munich dedicated to the teaching of literature and the organization of literary events. On Salvatorplatz (German: Salvatorplatz), next to the House of Literature, is the Salvatorkirche church. Previously on terri...
Maximiliansanlagen is a park located in the city parts of Bogenhausen and Haidhausen in Munich between the Ludwig Bridge and the Max Josef Brücke. Its central point is the 38-meter monument "Angel of Peace". Maximilian Park was created between 1856 and 1866...
St. Matthew's Church at Sendlinger Tor Platz is the successor to the first Protestant church in Munich, which was located next to Karlsplatz. Since 1799, together with Caroline, the Lutheran wife of Elector Max IV Joseph, a Protestant arrived in Munich...
:) Today we will take a walk along the river itself and see how Munich residents spend their holidays and where they spend their hot summer weekends.
The Isar River is relatively small (only 300 kilometers long), originates in the Austrian Alpine peaks and flows into the larger and more famous Danube in Bavaria. In the upper segment, Isar is popular with fans of extreme sports, while in Bavaria, Isar becomes more calm and meek. Although, to tell the truth, here the flow of the river is quite serious and fast.
2. Artificial dams in the center of Munich
3. View from the back 
4. A real Munich citizen uses any islet as a beach. Look at this cute picture :) 
5. These trees, I think, sailed with the June flood (remember when all the news was about Prague?). And although Munich held out, the level in the Isar was above the June norm 
6. 
7. Somewhere the river is quite calm 
8. 
9. Pedestrian bridge over the river 
10. As such, I did not find the embankment in Munich. Well, here's something similar. 
11. Nearby is a small museum dedicated to the study of the Alps. Stones with signatures on each with information about rocks and places where they were taken from 
12. In addition to the outdoor exhibition, there is also a small two-story building where you can learn the history of the conquest of the Alps, look at rare photographs, and also take a look at climbing (now you understand the origin of this word? :) equipment. Museum official website - www.alpenverein.de/Kultur/Museum/ 
13. 
14. Lifebuoys are everywhere. Very similar we met in Stockholm 
15. 
Friends, welcome! Munich is known to travelers for its historical center. And what to see in Munich if the popular historical triangle has already been passed? By the historical triangle in this case, I mean the tourist route marked by Marienplatz, Odeonsplatz and Karlsplatz squares.
Here are the most famous temples of Munich and the new town hall, the residence and the monument of the Generals. Therefore, guests of Munich certainly visit these historical quarters, and if they make any deviations from the mentioned triangle, then in the direction of the famous beer …
Since I don’t have any interest in beer houses, having familiarized myself with the main sights, I sketched out several walking routes for myself. Some of them I managed to implement. Thanks to what I saw Munich completely different - calm and immersed in greenery:
And now I want to tell you where else it is worth going, and what you can see in Munich if there is not much time. So, not far from the center, it is interesting to walk along the following routes:
- To the river Isar, where the most famous bridge of Munich is located
- To the German Museum of Natural Sciences and Technology
- In the direction of the Sendlinger Tor gate
River Isar and the oldest bridge in Munich
Actually, first of all, I was going to look at the Isartor gate, which once served as a checkpoint to Munich. Tal street leads to the gate. And further along the course will be the Isar River.
Tal begins behind the building of the Old Town Hall, and here they find themselves as soon as they leave the Marienplatz square. The street immediately pleased me with its playfulness. A few steps from the town hall, people crowded to entrust their desires to Juliet:
That's unexpected! Why is the sculpture of Juliet installed in Munich? It turns out that Munich maintains close ties with the Italian city of Verona. And to which part of the body all dreamers strive to touch for the sake of fulfilling a desire, there is no doubt left))
While I was walking down the street and thinking that I want to see all the historical gates in Munich, my attention was attracted by these wonderful girls:
The Isartor gate came into view pretty soon. They are really very interesting in their design, and even with a funny clock. Check out this piece of architecture in a separate article as we continue our journey towards the river and the Ludwigsbrücke bridge. Unless we slow down for a couple of minutes to take a picture at the Isartor gate, so that there is no doubt that I also go along these routes, and not only recommend them to you)))
The bridge, named after King Ludwig, greets travelers with pylons with sculptural images. These are such massive cabinets that end with fire bowls:
During the construction of the bridge in the early 1890s, two pairs of pylons were installed on the left and right sides of the bridge's carriageway. Perhaps they were installed not only as a decoration, but also as a kind of beacons. Now three pylons have been preserved, and the fourth, which was destroyed during the war years, has not been restored.
I mentioned that the Ludwigsbrücke bridge is considered the oldest. In fact, the current design of the bridge is not even hundreds of years old, but how many earlier versions were there!
The first crossing in this place appeared in the XII century, when Heinrich the Lion ruled Bavaria. The bridge over the river Isar was strategically important, as it was part of the trade route that brought salt to Munich.
For several centuries, the bridge remained the only permanent crossing. It is now bridges on this section of the Isar River that have accumulated in abundance:
Probably, the river seemed quite narrow to you. In the photo, the bridges look short, but this is only part of them. In this section in the middle of the river stretched a fairly large island. Therefore, all the local bridges first connect one side of the river with the island, and then stretch from the island to the other side.
Another temple of Munich is located near the river - the Protestant Church of St. Luke. The building was built at the end of the 19th century according to the project of A. Schmidt:
Rather, the church is not located on the very shore, there is still a roadway along the river. But, since the beautiful domes of the temple reach a height of 64 m, they are perfectly visible from any bridge.
By the way, this area by the river is perfect to stay in - it's still the center of the city, but more peaceful.
German Museum in Munich
We have just examined the northern part of Munich on the Isar River, and now let's turn our attention to the southern part in relation to the Ludwig Bridge. All the same island stretches in this direction. By the way, it is called the Museum and the largest natural science and technical museum in the world is located here:
The museum is so famous that it is not even necessary to mention its full name. All interested people know it as the Deutsches Museum in Munich. Another bridge leads directly to it.
Since 1903, the German Museum has existed, representing more than 50 thousand areas of science and technology. And since 1906 it has been located on the island of the Isar River. The German Museum has about 28,000 exhibits, which in an accessible form acquaint visitors with the achievements of natural science and technology.
The museum is very popular among residents and visitors of Munich. If you prefer to visit the German Museum instead of walking around the city, you will recognize it by the high tower with a barometer to the right of the Ludwigsbrücke:
But, choosing in favor of the museum, you will not only have to give up walking tours, but you also need to have a certain amount of time. I didn’t have this stock in Munich, so I turned back to. I had to return to the starting point of my walking tours in order to walk around Munich also in a southwestern direction.
Destination Sendlinger Tor
This time I decided that I wanted to see the southern gate in Munich and proceeded from Marienplatz past St. Peter's Cathedral along Rindermarkt Street to a small square where a new Jewish center was erected:
But since my goal was the Sendlinger Tor gate, I moved to the parallel Sendlinger Street. By its purpose, it is a shopping street, where the church of the Azam brothers is also located in a dense row of buildings.
The street is completed by historical gates with solid towers, which since the 14th century have served as the southern entrance to the city. You can see Sendlinger Tor at, and we will satisfy our curiosity about what Munich is like outside the historical territory.
Behind the square, which continues the square at the gate, there is a transport ring, but which inquisitive traveler was prevented by the transport line? Moreover, a modern high tower rises behind the line:
The tower is attached to a building of unusual shape. This building stands in a beautiful spacious park, and after the crowded Sendlingerstrasse, you just want to take a walk around it:
While I was inspecting the building and walking in the park, a melodious ringing sounded on the tower. As it turned out, the avant-garde building is a religious center. A fountain pulsates next to the building, it seems to be so simple, but also with an avant-garde solution))
And it's time for me to complete the tour in this direction. To stop in time. Otherwise, it’s not even an hour, I would have gathered at Terezin Lug))) It’s just along this line.
My routes around Munich were short so as not to be a serious distance from Marienplatz. Therefore, I did not visit either Nymphenburg or the English Garden. And I didn’t see a lot more ... Somewhere I noticed how the famous Bavarian beer yards look like:
I admired how the local population actively uses bicycles:
This "parking lot", by the way, is located near the northern wall. Not otherwise than the employees, whose offices are located in the town hall building, get to work in this way. I fully admit that this may be so, because in European countries it is not shameful for officials of a very high rank to ride a bicycle to work.
Friends, if you are going to Munich for the first time, then find out what you can see in Munich in the article where I described our or walking route along. Still, that historical triangle, which I mentioned at the beginning, deserves paramount attention. I wish you interesting excursions that best suit your interests!
Your euro guide Tatiana
The population of Munich is 1,382,273 people (12/31/2010). Thus, it is the largest city in Bavaria and the third city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is home to the government of Bavaria, the government of the region of Upper Bavaria, and the government of the Munich district.
Munich is famous for its brewing traditions. There are six large breweries in the city that supply beer to the world-famous Oktoberfest (German: Oktoberfest) - a festival of beer, pretzels, fried chicken and carousels, held annually in late September - early October on Theresienwiese Meadow (German: Theresienwiese).
Modern Munich is not only the center of cultural and museum values, but also a major industrial and research center. Thanks to famous universities, one of the largest in Europe, the Bavarian State Library with 6 million volumes, the Max Planck and Heinz Mayer-Leibniz Institutes, the nuclear research reactor and many other institutions, Munich holds a strong position in European science.
History (overview)
Middle Ages
The history of Munich begins in the 8th century, when monks from the nearby Tegernsee Monastery settled on Peter's Hill (German: Petersbergl). Today, on the site of the settlement is the Church of St. Peter (German: Sankt-Peter-Kirche). The city was first mentioned in documents in 1158 under the name Villa Munichen; however, already in 1175 Munich was given the status of a city and city walls were erected. In 1240, Munich passed into the possession of the Wittelsbachs and, after the division of Bavaria in 1255, was their residence in Upper Bavaria until 1918. With the unification of Bavaria in 1507, Munich became its capital, and in 1806 - the capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria. At present, the Munich residence of the Wittelsbachs functions as a public museum.
new time
On October 17, 1810, in honor of the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig (later King Ludwig I) and Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghaus, horse races were held, which marked the beginning of the annual Oktoberfest beer festival.
Weimar Republic
In 1916, during the First World War, the city was bombed for the first time: three French bombs fell on the city. The post-war period became difficult for Munich: in November 1918, Ludwig III and his family fled the city, and after the assassination of the first Republican Prime Minister of Bavaria, Kurt Eisner, on April 13, 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic (leader Ernst Toller) was proclaimed in Munich, which May 3, 1919 was defeated by detachments of the Freikorps. After that, Bavaria became part of the Weimar Republic. On February 24, 1920, the Nazi Party was formed in the beer hall Hofbräuhaus. In 1923, the Beer Putsch took place in Munich at the Bürgerbräukeller, when Hitler's supporters attempted to carry out a coup; however, then the Weimar Republic withstood, and now this event is commemorated by a memorial plate on the Odeonsplatz. Hitler was arrested (later released early in 1924), and the Nazi Party, at that time practically unknown outside of Munich, was temporarily banned throughout Germany. Despite the events of 1923, Munich continued to be the capital of the NSDAP.
Munich under the Nazis
In 1933, in the elections to the Reichstag on March 5, 1933, the NSDAP proved to be the most influential among the right-wing parties. However, the number of votes cast for her was the smallest: 37% against an average of 44% in Germany. Despite this, the City Council turned out to be Nazi. In 1934, Hitler cracked down on his political opponents: according to the official data of the Nazi government alone, over 60 people were killed during the Night of the Long Knives (now this figure is considered underestimated [source not specified 515 days]). In 1935, Hitler called Munich "Capital of the Movement", referring to the putsch that took place here. In addition, such prominent figures of the Nazi Party as Heydrich and Himmler, the former chief of police, began their careers here. Near the city, the first concentration camp in Dachau was founded in 1933. Munich became the site of the signing of the 1938 agreement between Germany, Italy, Great Britain and France, as a result of which part of the territory of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland) passed to Germany (the Czechoslovak government was faced with a fact and accepted the surrender), and Hitler gained de facto control over the rest Czechoslovakia on the condition of not advancing further. A year later, Georg Elser made an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Hitler in the Bürgerbräukeller beer hall during the annual message in honor of the anniversary of the Beer Putsch. At the same time, there is no other city in Germany in which there was such a massive rejection of Nazism as there are such diverse manifestations of the resistance movement here. The organization "White Rose" functioned here, in which Hans and Sophie Scholl, as well as Christoph Probst, participated. In April 1945, military interpreters, wanting to avoid bloodshed, organized the "Action for the Freedom of Bavaria" ("Freiheitsaktion Bayern") with the capture of radio stations and a number of government buildings. Although the action was eventually suppressed by the SS, it achieved its goals - American soldiers entered the city in the spring of 1945 without a fight, not a single bridge was blown up. A fourth of the city's population died, 60% of the buildings were destroyed. The historical center of the city is almost completely destroyed. Of the 815,000 inhabitants, only 480,000 remained in the city. Of the 10,000 Jews, only 746 remained in the city. During World War II, Munich was bombed 71 times and badly damaged. But in the summer of 1945, the City Council decided to restore the historic center in its former form. During the post-war reconstruction, it was decided to keep the original street layout.
post-war period
In 1957, the population of Munich exceeded the milestone of 1 million people. In 1972, the XX Summer Olympic Games were held in Munich, in preparation for which the city center was reconstructed, the Olympic village and metro were built, and the transport network was significantly expanded. Unfortunately, these games have become infamous due to the terrorist attack against the Israeli team, undertaken by Arab terrorists. Since 1962, the International Conference on Politics and Security has been held annually in Munich in the first decade of February.
Culture and attractions
New town hall
The central square of the city, on which stands the column of the Virgin Mary, erected by Maximilian I - Marienplatz (German: Marienplatz), in the area of \u200b\u200bwhich many attractions are located, including the old (German: Altes Rathaus) and the new town hall (German: Neues Rathaus).
Munich has many architectural and cultural monuments. The most interesting is the Old Town (German: Altstadt) with the Cathedral of the Holy Virgin and many churches. The Cathedral of the Holy Virgin (German: Frauenkirche) is the highest cathedral in Munich (99 meters), which has become a symbol of the city. The church was built in the 15th century in the Gothic style. Its two towers have become the symbol of Munich. Here is the black marble sarcophagus of Emperor Ludwig IV of Bavaria. There is a legend that the footprint at the entrance to the temple was left by the devil. Peter's Church (German: Peterskirche) is the oldest church in Munich, built in the 12th century. As a result of a fire at the beginning of the 14th century, the church was badly damaged. It has been restored, but in the Gothic rather than the Romanesque style. The Church of St. Michael (German: Jesuitenkirche St. Michael) was built in 1583-1597 by order of William V, who wished to pay tribute to the Counter-Reformation in this way. This is one of the most remarkable creations of the Renaissance in Germany. There is a tomb here, where the ashes of many kings and princes of the Witelsbach dynasty are buried, among which is Ludwig II of Bavaria, who went down in history as a "fairytale king". Theatin Church of St. Kajetan (German: Theatinerkirche St. Kajetan) is another famous church in Munich. The construction of the Theatinerkirche was begun in 1662 in the Baroque style and continued into the 18th century. The grandiose dimensions of Theatinerkirche (the height of the dome is 71 m) emphasize the importance of the event in honor of which it was built, the birth of the heir to the throne, Max Emmanuel. The most beautiful church in the city is Azamkirche (German: Asamkirche) (officially the church of St. John Nepomuk), created by the Azam brothers in 1729-1771 and is considered a masterpiece of European late baroque. The facade of the church in the Baroque style is inscribed in a single row with other buildings of the street.
Munich is a city of museums, many of which have been created over the centuries. Munich owes this wealth to Louis I of Bavaria, who founded the most beautiful museums in the city - the old and new Pinakothek and the Glyptothek. Munich is a place of pilgrimage for lovers of modern and ancient art. The Alte Pinakothek is the most visited museum in Munich, housed in a gloomy building built in the Venetian Renaissance style by Leo von Klenze, the court architect of Louis I of Bavaria. It houses 9,000 paintings by 1,400 artists. Other masterpieces of the Pinakothek include Leonardo da Vinci's Madonna and Child and Albrecht Altdorfer's painting The Battle of Alexander the Great with Darius. The pearl of the museum are the halls of old German masters from Lucas Cranach to Albrecht Altdorfer, as well as Rubens. There are magnificent collections of works by German and Dutch artists of the 15th and 16th centuries, as well as Dutch and Flemish paintings of the 17th century.
The New Pinakothek was built in the middle of the 19th century by order of Louis I of Bavaria, destroyed in 1944 and restored by the architect Alexander Brancas in 1975-1981. More than 550 paintings and 50 sculptures are presented in 22 halls and 10 cabinets. The collection covers the period from Rococo to German Art Nouveau. The canvases of the pre-romantic period in French and German painting and paintings of the Impressionists are presented. Here are many world-famous paintings - Feuerbach's Flight of the Medea, Van Gogh's Sunflowers and Manet's Luncheon on the Grass.
The Glyptothek is one of the oldest museums in Munich and the first museum in Europe to open to the public. It contains wonderful works of antiquity from the collection of Louis I of Bavaria. The collection of sculpture covers the period from Greek art of the 6th century BC. e. until the 4th century AD e. One of the most charming cafes in Munich is located in a beautiful classical courtyard.
The Gallery of Modern Art is located in the House of Arts. Its collection consists of 400 paintings and sculptures dating from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day, including surrealists, fauvists and cubists. Works by Klee, Ernst Kirchner, Emil Nolde, August Macke and 14 works by Picasso are not to be missed.
The Deutsches Museum is one of the largest technical museums in Europe dedicated to natural sciences and technology. Created in 1903 by Oscar von Miller. Its expositions introduce all the major discoveries made during the 20th century. You can see real submarines that participated in the battles of the First and Second World Wars. Villa Lenbach is located a few steps from Königsplatz, the museum is housed in the villa of the painter Franz Lenbach, a beautiful building in the Florentine style. Of particular interest in the museum's collection are the works of artists - members of the Blue Rider group. The collection of works by Wassily Kandinsky is world famous.
The Villa Stuck exhibits frescoes and paintings by the neo-romantic and symbolist Franz von Stuck, a master who, along with Lenbach, was called the king of artists. The Museum of the City of Munich is dedicated to the history of the city; there is a very good collection of engravings, lithographs and models of old Munich. The Bavarian National Museum was founded in 1855 by Maximilian II and is dedicated to the culture and folk art of Bavaria. Many works of religious art are exhibited: sculptures, statues, tapestries, altars.
The Toy Museum in Munich is located in the tower of the old town hall. There is a collection of toys by Ivan Steiger. The collection includes old models of the railway, plush toys, dolls (also a Barbie doll and the history of its development), robots, toy houses with furniture and utensils. Among the other most significant museums in Munich, it is worth noting the German Theater Museum, which presents the entire history of the Munich theater, as well as the BMW Museum, which tells the history of the famous car and the Munich City Museum.
Other attractions
The world-famous Munich English Park, one of the largest urban parks in the world, stretches from the city center to the outskirts along the Isar.
There are many beautiful buildings in the Art Nouveau style in the Gaertnerplatz area, as well as a wonderful monument of classicism - the building of the State Theater, built under Emperor Maximilian. The unique architectural complex of modern Munich is the Olympic Park, built for the 1972 Olympic Games. A 290 m high tower, an observatory, a metal and glass roof in the form of a giant tent make a great impression. The park consists of a water stadium, an Olympic stadium, an ice rink and a velodrome. The tower has a revolving restaurant and an observation deck.
The largest architectural monument in Munich is the Nymphenburg Palace, the former summer residence of the Wittelsbachs. The palace was built by order of Elector Ferdinand-Maria in 1664-1674. Nymphenburg is the largest baroque palace in Germany. The Gallery of Beauties deserves special attention - one of the halls decorated with portraits of the most beautiful women commissioned by King Louis I. On the territory of the Nymphenburg Park there are three small castles (Amalienburg, Pagodenburg and Badenburg), as well as ponds, cascades and the Magdalenenklause chapel.
In addition, it is worth noting such architectural ensembles as the Munich Residence, Maximilianeum, Blutenburg Castle, Allianz Arena.
Munich has two football teams playing in the Bundesliga - Bayern Munich and 1860 Munich. Bayern is the most popular and titled German football club. The team won the German championship 22 times, the German Cup 15 times, the UEFA Champions League 4 times, the Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup once each. Both teams play their matches at the Allianz Arena, which these days is illuminated in red (if Bayern is playing) or blue (if 1860 Munich is playing). Winter sports are also very popular in Munich, especially ice hockey and biathlon. The city has a large number of amateur and semi-professional hockey clubs. There is a professional hockey club EHC Munich which plays in the highest hockey league in Germany. The city hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics, the 2006 FIFA World Cup, the 1975, 1983, 1993 Ice Hockey World Championships, and Munich also applied to host the 2018 Winter Olympics.
