Association of officers of the guards infantry and l. -Guards. Volyn regiment. It united the officers of the guard living in Belgium in exile. Was in Brussels. Was part of the V department ROVS
Association of officers of the General Staff. It united the officers of the General Staff who lived in Belgium in exile. Was in Brussels. Was part of the V department ROVS. Previous - gen.-lieutenant. A.P. Arkhangelsk.
Association of Seversk Dragoons. Cm. 18th Seversky Dragoon Regiment.
Association of the Tver Cavalry School. Was part of the I department ROVS. Representative in France (Paris) - colonel. V.G. Kovalevsky.
Association of the Tiflis military school. It united graduates of the school in emigration. Located in France (Paris). He had a mutual aid fund. Previous - gen.-lieutenant. G.B. Andguladze. Board members: Major General A.I. Matafanov, Col. VC. Zrodlovsky, D.S.S. N.M. Turbovich, Col. V.L. Gamrekeli, Col. A.I. Safonov, Col. L.I. Ivanov, Col. A.G. Savchenko, piece-cap. V.N. Brailovsky. Members of the Audit Commission: colonel. F.S. Buchbinder, Capt. ON THE. Pavlov, es. L.I. Sokolovsky.
Consolidation of the ranks of the 13th Infantry Division. Cm. 13th Infantry Division.
Consolidation of the ranks of the 18th Army Corps. It united in emigration persons who served in the 1st World War in the 18th Army Corps. Created in Yugoslavia. Was in Belgrade. Was part of the IV department ROVS. Previous - Major General M.N. Dobrorolsky, secretary - cap. A.A. Hartz.
Consolidation of the ranks of the 48th Infantry Division. It united in emigration persons who served in the 1st World War in the 48th Infantry Division. Created in Yugoslavia. Located in Sarajevo. Was part of the IV department ROVS. Previous - gen.-lieutenant. E.F. Novitsky.
Association of cadets of the Odessa military school. Located in France (Nuilli-sur-Seine). Was part of the I department ROVS. Previous - regiment. A.I. Wide.
Ob-Irtysh flotilla. Formed within Eastern Front in August - September 1919 from the ranks Kama flotilla and Naval Riflemen Brigades. Includes 2 divisions. Successfully fought on the Tobol and the Irtysh. In the autumn she was drawn to Tomsk, where, after a disaster at the front, her ships fell into the hands of the Reds. Commander - Capt. 1st rank P.P. Feodosiev (killed). Division commanders: cap. 2nd rank A.R. Gutan (killed), Art. late. V.S. Makarov (1st), Art. late. Haken (2nd).
Odessa Rifle Brigade(from January 27, 1919 - Separate Odessa Rifle Brigade) Volunteer army of the Odessa region. In Odessa in November 1918 on the ship "Saratov" under the command of General. A.N. Grishin-Almazov, volunteer officer units were formed from the troops of the 3rd Odessa Hetman Corps, which liberated the city from the Petliurists. At the beginning of 1919, Gen. Timanovskiy of them formed the Odessa Rifle Brigade (2 Consolidated Rifle Brigade, Consolidated Cavalry Regiment with 4 gun battery). Includes departments Consolidated regiment of the 4th infantry division(the hetman has the 5th personnel division), the Consolidated Regiment of the 6th infantry division (the hetman has the 6th personnel division) and 42nd Yakut Infantry Regiment(the hetman has the 2nd Volyn personnel regiment), who came to Odessa from the 1st Volyn hetman corps. By March, the brigade consisted of 5 thousand people. (3350 pieces and 1600 subs.). Until March 20, 1919, it defended the Odessa region, after which it retreated along the Dniester to the south and was transferred to Novorossiysk. In April 1919 included Consolidated Regiment of the 15th Infantry Division, 42nd Yakut Infantry Regiment, rifle and combined cavalry regiments and the 4th rifle artillery brigade. May 18, 1919 deployed to 7th Infantry Division. Commander - Major General N.S. Timanovsky (since January 31, 1919). Beginning headquarters - cap. K.L. Kapnin.
Odessa Cadet Corps. Restored for some time in 1918 under the authority of the hetman. It was restored and from April 1, 1919 included in the VSYUR, having taken in 1919 at his location Kyiv and Polotsk cadet corps. At the beginning of 1920, when leaving Odessa, most of the cadets, with the exception of about 350 (including Kyiv and Polotsky buildings) left in the city, and the personnel were evacuated to Yugoslavia, where they became part of the 1st Russian Cadet Corps. The remaining cadets, led by the director of the corps, tried to retreat to Romania, but were forced to return to Odessa, where they dispersed. Of the 99 officers who graduated from this corps and rose to the ranks of general and staff officers, 71 received them in the White armies (7 each in the Imperial and Bulgarian, 6 in Polish, 5 in Yugoslav, 1 each in Hetman, Georgian and Lithuanian), from 25 captains who held headquarters officer positions - 11 (12 in the Imperial, 1 each in the Yugoslav and R OA). Of the 235 dead graduates of the corps, 70 died in the 1st World War, 128 in the White armies (including 56 in 1920) and another 32 in the fight against the Bolsheviks after the civil war. Of the 1196 graduates of the corps, 446 served in the white armies (out of 1031-386 who graduated before 1920 inclusive), i.e. the vast majority of those whose fate is known (of the other 70 died in the World War, 53, including foreigners, served in foreign armies: 15 in the Polish, 13 in the Yugoslav, 12 in the Bulgarian, 8 in the Georgian, 3 in the Hetman, 1 each in Lithuanian and English, several dozen after the corps did not become officers, and there is no information about the rest. Director (before leaving Odessa) - Colonel V. A. Bernatsky. In exile, the association of the corps published in 1955 in Paris the magazine " Leisure of the Odessa Cadet” (1 issue on the rotator, 250 copies, editorial board: S.M. Nozhin, V.S. Novikov, S.M. Kaminsky, K.S. Solovskiy).
Odessa self-defense detachment. Created December 14, 1919 as part of Troops of the Novorossiysk region Central Council of Self-Defense of the Union of German Colonists in the Black Sea Territory. After the evacuation of Odessa in February 1920, he was transferred to the Crimea, where in August 1920 he was disbanded. Commander - Col. Zhdanov.
Odessa military school. Restored for a short time VSYUR as part of Troops of the Southwestern Territory. Heads: Major General Anisimov, Major General Kislov (since January 13, 1919).
"Oleg". light armored train VSYUR. Created in December (order to form on September 30) 1919. Participated in the battles in December 1919 - January 1920 in the North Caucasus against the rebellious highlanders near Kizlyar and Grozny.
Olonets Volunteer Army. Anti-Bolshevik formation in the North of Russia. In the summer-autumn of 1918 she operated in Karelia. Mainly based in Finland.
Olonets regiment. Cm. 14th Olonets Infantry Regiment.
"Olga". Minesweeper Black Sea Fleet. In April 1919, before the evacuation of Sevastopol, a team of 78 officers headed by Art. late. N.N. Mashukov carried out an operation to export from about. Berezan 50 thousand shells for the army, which were manually reloaded onto the ship and the barge towed by it. Commander - midshipman I.D. Bogdanov.
Omsk Rifle Division. Cm. 4th Steppe Siberian Rifle Division.
Omsk military district. Formed at the end of May 1918 in Novonikolaevsk, the headquarters of the West Siberian Military District was renamed the headquarters of the West Siberian Army on June 12, and the headquarters of the pre-revolutionary Omsk Military District, restored at the same time, was renamed the headquarters of the West Siberian Military District. The chief head of supplies (since July 13, the head of the district) was also the head of supplies Siberian army (1918). On July 22, it was restored within the pre-revolutionary borders - Tobolsk, Tomsk, Altai provinces, Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions. (excluding front-line counties). Until the autumn of 1918, he served as the military department of the Provisional Siberian Government. January 16, 1919 renamed Omsk. September 1, 1919 subordinated to the commander Eastern front. Ceased to exist in December 1919. Commanders of the troops and chief commanders: regiment. A.N. Grishin-Almazov (May 28 - June 12, 1918), Major General V.R. Romanov (June 12-27, 1918), Major General G.K. Mende (June 27 - December 25, 1918), Major General (Leutnant General) A.F. Matkovsky (since December 25, 1918). Beginning headquarters: Col. P.A. Belov (June 2-12, 1918), Col. A.N. Shelavin (June 18 - September 13, 1918), Col. Storozhev (September 13, 1918 - July 13, 1919), Major General Kazakov (July 13 - October 25; November 9-11, 1919), Major General V.N. Kasatkin (October 25 - November 9, 1919), Major General Izergin (since November 11, 1919).
Onega Lake Flotilla. Formed in May 1919 as part of northern front. It included several motorized fighter boats armed with 3 machine guns and one 47 or 57 mm gun each and the Svetlana fighter base. Withstood the first battle on August 3, 1919, as a result of which the captured steamship "Strong" was included in the flotilla. As part of the flotilla, the landing company of Leith operated. Vuicha. Commander - Capt. 1st rank A.D. Kira-Dinzhan.
Onega region. Operational connection in the composition northern front. It was formed on March 3, 1919 within the boundaries: west - the valley of the river. Onega, east - Arkhangelsk-Vologda railway. Initially included the 3rd separate battalion, the 1st and 3rd companies and the machine-gun team of the Arkhangelsk infantry regiment, the platoon of the Arkhangelsk half-squadron, the artillery platoon and partisan detachments, from May 14 - 5th Northern Rifle Regiment. When the front collapsed, the troops of the region, together with the troops Zheleznodorozhny district tried to break through to Murmansk and the Finnish border, but were surrounded near Soroca and surrendered. Commanders: Col. I.I. Mikheev (March - August 29, 1919), Major General V.I. Zamshin (August 29, 1919 - February 1920). Beginning headquarters: Mrs. podes. Boldyrev (since March 10, 1919), piece-cap. Chebotarev (since September 1, 1919).
"Organization of the fight against the Bolsheviks and the dispatch of troops to Kaledin". Anti-Bolshevik underground organization that operated in late 1917 - early. 1918 in Petrograd. Engaged in recruiting volunteers to be sent to the white units on the Don. Regiment led. N.N. Lansky and since. A.P. Eagle. January 22, 1918 Orel and 17 other officers were arrested by the Cheka.
Organization of General Kutepov. Combat organization ROVS, created and headed by gene.-inf. A.P. Kutepov. It was formed in 1922 for the purpose of active reconnaissance and combat activities on the territory of the USSR. Numbered several dozen people. - mostly young officers (including those made in the white army from junkers) and graduates of foreign Russian cadet corps. Until April 1927, she relied mainly on consolidating her agents in the SSR, then (after the exposure of the pseudo-monarchist organization MOR - "Trust" created by the GPU) - on terrorist actions against the organs of the GPU and the Communist Party (in particular, on June 7, 1927, a group led by Capt. VA Larionov threw grenades at a party club in Petrograd). In the course of particularly active operations in the second half of 1927, it lost at least 80% of its numbers killed and shot. After the kidnapping and murder of Kutepov on January 26, 1930, the organization was headed by General-Cav. A.M. Dragomirov, but its activity has noticeably weakened. Among the most famous members of the organization operating in the SSR are M.V. Zakharchenko, capt. A.B. Bolmasov, capt. G.N. Radkovich, midshipmen N.N. Stroev, D. Gokkanen, N. Gokkanen, por. Paderna, S.V. Solovyov, D. Monomakhov, Peters and others.
Organization of General Pokrovsky. Created in Bulgaria by Gen.-Lt. V.L. Pokrovsky. It united some of the most resolute and irreconcilable officers. The main task was to carry out landings in Russia. Her chief of staff was F.N. Buryak, the regiment was in charge of the personnel. I.D. Zolotarevsky, communications and quartering - Major General M.D. Getmanov, political intelligence - N.V. Babkin, naval officer - Major General V.V. Muravyov, Capt. IN AND. Dragnevich, representative in Serbia - General Lieutenant. A.A. Borovsky, in Constantinople - regiment. Kuchuk-Ulagay. However, attempts to land troops in the Caucasus failed for various reasons. One of the groups dispersed in the area of Trebizond, the other was immediately ambushed and destroyed. The organization also fought against the Bolshevik agents and the "return" movement that they planted.
Order of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Established in Russian Army April 30, 1920. It was a dark cross made of iron, on the front side of which - in a hoop around the image of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker - the inscription "By faith Russia will be saved" (for persons of non-Christian faith, instead of the image of St. Nicholas - the state emblem). Ribbon - national colors. According to the position and method of awarding, it is equated with the St. George awards. The right to award belonged to the Cavalier Duma, the decision of which was approved by the Commander-in-Chief (he had the right to award in addition to the Duma). Had 2 degrees. The 1st (the same size as the Order of St. George of the 3rd degree) was worn around the neck, the 2nd (the same size as the Order of St. George of the 4th degree) was worn on the chest below this order. Cavalier holiday - May 9th. The order was also awarded to soldiers (having St. George's crosses of at least 3rd degree). There were insignia of the order for military units: banners, silver pipes with ribbons of the order and Nikolaev pennants for the fleet. The first gentleman (May 25, 1920) was then. Lyubich-Yarmolovich, tank commander who personally captured the gun. There were no awards of the 1st degree, only 337 people were awarded the 2nd degree.
"Eagle". Auxiliary cruiser of the Baltic Fleet. On October 3, 1917, he was sent on a training voyage with the personnel of the Separate cadet classes to Vladivostok, where (after a stay in Indochina) in December 1919 he became part of the Training Detachment Siberian flotilla. On January 31, 1920, he left Vladivostok and went to the Crimea with the cadets of the Naval School, but in Dubrovnik, where he arrived on August 12, 1920, he was returned to the Volunteer Fleet. Commanders: Art. late. Afanasiev, cap. 1st rank M.A. Kititsyn (since February 1920).
"Eagle". light armored train VSYUR. Created December 31, 1918 in Mariupol (officially February 14, 1919). In battles from March 5, 1919 near Mariupol. Participated in the battles near Tsaritsyn. Since August 1, 1919, it was part of the 4th armored train division. Disbanded on the 12th and abandoned on March 13, 1920 during the evacuation of Novorossiysk. Commanders: lieutenant. Poletika (December 31, 1918 - March 3, 1919), Col. M.A. Walros (April 7 - June 15, 1919; killed), cap. Muromtsev (August 6 - September 8, 1919, killed), cap. Savitsky (September 8, 1919 - February 19, 1920), regiment. Sollogub (February 19 - March 13, 1920). Acting: cap. Blavdzevich (December 1919).
Orenburg army. It was formed on October 17, 1918 on the basis of formations of the Orenburg Cossacks who rebelled against the Bolsheviks as the South-Western Army, subordinate until November to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, General-Leut. V.G. Boldyrev, and then - adm. Kolchak. On December 28, it was renamed into the Separate Orenburg Army, consisting of 1st and 2nd Orenburg Cossack Corps, 4th Orenburg Army about , Consolidated Sterlitamak and Bashkir (4 infantry regiments) corps and 1st Orenburg Cossack Plastun Division. The number of its Reds was estimated at 10 thousand people. In the spring of 1919, it was separated from it and subordinated to Western Army Southern Group. At the beginning of 1919, the army left Orenburg and Orsk, but in April returned Orsk and developed an offensive against Aktyubinsk. May 23, 1919 army, Southern group and Orenburg Military District reorganized into the Southern Army, consisting of the corps: 1st(which included parts of the disbanded 2nd) Orenburg Cossack, 4th Orenburg, 5th Sterlitamak(or 5th Siberian from the 19th and 2nd regiments of the 20th rifle division), 11th Yaitsky army (21st Yaitsky rifle division and 29th Orenburg Cossack regiment (or 2 regiments of the 20th division) , Consolidated Turkestan (Orenburg Plastun division, 42nd Trinity and 24th Ural and 1st Linear Cossack regiments) corps, 1st Orenburg Cossack and Separate Bashkir cavalry brigade... In June, it numbered 15.2 thousand units. , 12 thousand sab., 7 thousand unarmed, 247 machine guns and 27 guns.In mid-July 1919, the army replenished 11th Siberian Rifle Division.
The army took part in the June offensive against Orenburg, and from the end of July 1919 acted independently (the Headquarters had no information about it), in August it covered Bashkiria and the Orenburg region. and kept the Verkhneuralsk region, trying to keep in touch with Ural army. At that time, it consisted of 8 Orenburg Cossack regiments, the 21st Yaik Infantry Division (81st, 82nd, 83rd and 84th regiments of 200-300 people each), two horsemen (captains of Marsov and Lvov) 100 sub. and artillery (lieutenant colonel Grinev) divisions. After the loss of Verkhneuralsk, it retreated to the southeast and in September left the Turgai steppe in the Petropavlovsk region (during this time, 1,200 out of 1,500 people remained in it), and on September 18 it was again renamed the Orenburg Army. On October 10, 1919, she (numbered 20 thousand people) became part of Moscow Army Group. After the battles near Orsk and Aktobe, it retreated to Semirechye, where on January 6, 1920 it became part of the Orenburg detachment (1st and 2nd Orenburg Cossack divisions and the Syzran separate chasseur brigade) Semirechye army. Commanders: gen.-lieutenant. A.I. Dutov (October 17, 1918 - May 23, 1919), Major General P.A. Belov (May 23 - September 21, 1919), lieutenant general. A.I. Dutov (September 21 - October 16, 1919). Beginning headquarters: Col. (major general) A.N. Vagin (October 17, 1918 - May 23, 1919), Major General I.V. Thin (since May 23, 1919).
Orenburg Cossack brigade. Formed in 1920 in Transbaikalia from the remnants of the Orenburg Cossack regiments. Upon arrival in Primorye in the spring of 1921, it numbered up to 1,300 people, but by autumn its ranks had thinned somewhat. At the same time, up to 120 best sergeants and cadets were allocated from the brigade, of which a regiment was formed under the command. Sokoreva School of cadets of the Orenburg Cossack army named after Ataman Dutov. By November 1921 and until the end of its existence, it consisted of the Orenburg Cossack Regiment (Major General Zuev; by November 1921 80, on September 1, 1922 400 sab.), the Orenburg Plastun division (regiment Titov; by November 1921 80, on September 1, 1922 200 pieces) and the Orenburg Artillery Hundred (Es. Plotnikov; by November 1921 20 pieces and 50 subs., on September 1, 1922 1 more gun with the same number of ranks). In 1921 -1922. was part of 1st Corps of the Far Eastern Army. In August 1922, it was renamed the Orenburg Detachment (as of September 1, 1922, 220 units, 450 subs. and 1 gun). Commanders: Gen. Panov (1920-1921), Major General Borodin (spring - autumn 1921), Major General Naumov (autumn 1921 - autumn 1922).
Orenburg partisan detachments. Formed at the beginning of 1918 in Verkhneuralsk, where the Orenburg military government moved. Commanders: 1st - troops. senior Mamaev, 2nd - pick up. Mikhailov, 3rd - drive up. Borodin, 4th - troops. senior Enborisov, 5th (officer platoon) - EU. Savin. In the spring of 1918, under the general command of the military ataman A.I. Dutov retreated to the Turgai steppe. In the summer - autumn of 1918 they served as the core Orenburg army.
Orenburg army corps. Cm. 4th Orenburg Army Corps.
Orenburg military district. The decree of the military circle of the Orenburg Cossack army was formed on December 11, 1917 within the boundaries of the Orenburg province. On October 20, 1918, it was reorganized into a district in the theater of operations, and its headquarters was merged with the headquarters of the Orenburg Cossack army. On December 18, 1918, it was restored on the same basis with the inclusion of the Turgai region in its composition. Abolished May 23, 1919 in connection with the formation Southern Army. Commanders of the troops and chief commanders: Major General I.G. Akulinin (since October 19, 1918), lieutenant general. A.I. Dutov (since December 11, 1918), lieutenant general. Timashev (since March 1919). Beginning headquarters: Major General V.A. Karlikov (since December 21, 1917), lieutenant colonel. A.N. Vagin (since July 28, 1918), Major General Polovnikov (since October 25, 1918).
Orenburg regiment (detachment). Cm. Orenburg Cossack Brigade.
Orenburg Cossack Military School. At the end of 1917, 150 cadets of the school were the backbone of the Orenburg ataman A.I. Dutov, and some of them died in battle. Having retreated within the limits of the Ural army, the school graduated to the cornet, after which 20-25 junior cadets and the staff of the school remained, returning to Orenburg, liberated in the summer. It was revived in August 1918. When leaving Orenburg in January 1919, it moved to Troitsk in march order, where it was loaded onto a train and transported to Irkutsk. Composition: a hundred (75 junkers), a squadron (75), an infantry company (120), a semi-battery (60) and an engineering platoon (80). The course is 1 year. The first release is 3.07. 1919 Then the second set was made, and in early December - the third (300 people). After the rebellion in January-February 1920, the school ceased to exist. Head - Major General K.M. Slesarev.
Orenburg Cossack army. It occupied the southern part of the Orenburg province. It was divided into 3 military departments: Orenburg, Verkhneuralsky and Troitsky (the center is Orenburg, in total 61 villages, 553 farms, 446 settlements, 71 settlements). Number - St. 533 thousand people In peacetime, it fielded 6 cavalry regiments, 3 batteries and 3 separate hundreds. 18 cavalry regiments, 3 reserve regiments, 33 separate hundreds and 9 batteries were put up in the world war. By 1917, about 30 thousand people were in service: 18 cavalry regiments, an cavalry division, a hundred in l. -Guards. Consolidated Cossack regiment, 4 separate and 35 special cavalry hundreds, 9 escort half-hundreds, 3 horse-artillery battalions (6 batteries), 2 separate horse-artillery batteries, 3 spare cavalry regiments, guards spare cavalry fifty, foot spare hundred, spare horse - artillery battery.
The army did not recognize the power of the Bolsheviks (by order of the ataman Dutov on the army No. 862 on October 26, 1917) and was attacked by the Bolshevik detachments. The fighting began on December 23, 1917 Dutov's situation was complicated by the low number of officers in the rear of Orenburg. Only 120 people arrived from Moscow. At the disposal of the ataman was a military school (150 junkers) and the remnants of the ensign school - 20 junkers since. Studenikin. 17.01. 1918 Orenburg left about 300 or up to 500 people. - the remains of officers' companies, Constituent Assembly Defense Detachment, cadets and cadets - non-Pluevites, led by ensign Khrustalev and cadet Miller. Part of the officers, junkers and volunteers, led by Gen. -Major K.M. Slesarev went to the Ural Cossacks. Many officers alone and in small groups took refuge in the villages, farms and Kyrgyz auls. After the fall of Orenburg on January 18, 1918, Ataman Dutov (Chief of Staff Colonel N.Ya. Polyakov) settled in Verkhneuralsk with the military government. His only armed force was a partisan detachment of troops. senior Mamaev and small detachments of podsauls Borodin, Mikhailov and Enborisov - only about 300 fighters, mostly officers. February 23, 1918 in the village. Buran under the leadership of the cornet P. Chigvintsev began an uprising, which soon spread throughout the territory of the army. In March, the officers who took refuge in the villages in the Orenburg region raised an uprising and, under the leadership of the military foreman Lukin, took Orenburg on April 4, but could not hold it. The head of the detachments in the area of the villages of Izobilnaya and Buranna was the EU. Bitch, then pull up. Donetskov, the military foremen Shmotin, Krasnoyartsev, Kornoukhov, the lieutenants Bogdanov, Nesterenko, the centurions of Slotov, Timashev, Melyanin, capt. Bulgakov. Operations in the area of the Iletsk Defense in June were led by Major General V.A. Karlikov (former commander of an infantry regiment that stood in Orenburg before the war).
After the liberation of Orenburg on June 17, it began to form there Orenburg army A.I. Dutov, which later fought the majority of the Orenburg Cossacks. Orenburg units were also part of Western and even Siberian separate armies(in particular, the 2nd, 5th, 12th and 18th regiments were on the Ufa front, and the 3rd, 6th, 11th and 17th regiments were on the Yekaterinburg front). In total, the Orenburg Cossack army fielded 36 cavalry and 3 plastun regiments and 9 batteries in the Civil War. The remnants of the Orenburg units crossed into China from Semirechye and were settled in Xinjiang, after which they made a trip to the east (see. hunger march). Part of the Orenburg Cossacks continued to fight as part of their own formations (see. Orenburg Cossack Brigade) in Far Eastern Army. Cossacks of the III (Trinity) and IV (Chelyabinsk) departments came to Transbaikalia, there were also few Cossacks of the II (Upper Ural) department; Cossacks of the 1st (Orenburg) department were only a few. This is explained by the fact that the regiments that were at the front of the Western and Siberian armies were replenished with Cossacks of the III and IV divisions, and the I, II and partly III divisions replenished the Orenburg army. In exile - mainly in China and Australia. Military atamans: Col. (gen.-leit) A.I. Dutov (September 1917 - February 6, 1921), Major General N.S. Anisimov (March 1, 1921 - February 16, 1923), Major General I.G. Akulinin (since February 16, 1923). In exile in Harbin, magazines (collections) "Orenburg Cossack" were published: one - annually in 1932 -1938 by the Circle of Adepts of the History of the Orenburg Cossack Host, and the other - by the Union of Cossacks in 1939. (ed. - S.R. Starikov).
"Informant". Russian foreign military scientific journal. Published in 1936 -1938 in Paris 2 times a year. There were at least 5 issues. Editor-in-Chief - Gen.-leit. N.N. Golovin.
Ossetian cavalry division. Formed in VSYUR February 15-20, 1919 from Ossetian equestrian division. Belonged to Troops of the North Caucasus. March 23, 1919 3rd Ossetian Regiment transferred . In the autumn of 1919 it included: 1st, 2nd, 3rd(as of October 5 as part of Consolidated Mountain Cavalry Division) and 4th Ossetian cavalry regiments and 1st (formed on May 7, 1919), 2nd (308 units, 4 pools; colonel A.K. Tkhostov, from November 10, 1919) and 3rd (from May 1, 1919; 384 units, 4 pul., Colonel Granat, from November 10, 1919) Ossetian rifle battalions. In early 1920, she retreated from the Astrakhan direction to Georgia. The 3rd cavalry regiment and the 1st rifle battalion by October 5, 1919 were in Volunteer army, March 2, 1920 they were consolidated into the Consolidated Ossetian Division (regiment M.A. Dzhaginov), which participated in delusional campaign. Heads: Major General A.K. Razgonov (February 10-21, 1919; died), Col. A.N. Emmanuel (since October 8, 1919). Beginning headquarters - regiment. Ivanovsky. Brigade Commander Col. Butakov (since August 1, 1919).
Ossetian equestrian division (I). Formed in September 1918 Volunteer army as part of Detachment of Colonel Shkuro. Joined the 1st Native Mountain Division. Included in the army since October 15, 1918. In 1919 deployed in Ossetian cavalry division.
Ossetian equestrian division (II). Formed during VSYUR at the end of 1919 from the remnants Ossetian cavalry division. 28 Apr 1920 merged into 1st Native Cavalry Regiment. Commander - Col. A.G. Sabeev (since November 22, 1919).
Special Manchurian Ataman Semyonov Division. Cm. Special Manchurian Detachment.
Special Officer Headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief Company. Formed in Volunteer army in August 1918 from disabled officers, veterans 1st Kuban campaign by allocating 100 people. from Markovsky regiment. She wore the uniform of the regiment with the replacement of white piping and gaps with orange ones. Commanders: piece-cap. Betling (until February 22, 1919; died), cap. M.F. Savelyev (until November 21, 1919).
Special Astrakhan Liberation Detachment. Belonged to Ural army. Consisted of Astrakhan Cossacks. In November 1919, he advanced on Astrakhan from the Dzhambay direction. Numbered about 3500 pieces. and sab., 16 or., 40 pool. Composition: 1st Astrakhan Cossack Cavalry, 1st Astrakhan and 2nd Krasnoyarsk Plastun Cossack Regiments. Commander - Col. Sereznikov.
Special Corps. One of Russian volunteer formations in Ukraine. It was formed in 1918 (mainly in Kyiv) from officers who did not want to serve in the Hetman's army. In the Kyiv parts of the corps, the 1st squad was commanded by a regiment. book. L.S. Svyatopolk-Mirsky, 2nd - regiment. A.N. Rubanov (this squad was soon merged into the 1st). In addition, the 1st Separate Officer Artillery Battalion was formed in the corps at the headquarters of the Hetman Serdyutsk Artillery Brigade. In the fall of 1918, Russian officer groups from vacation ranks also entered the corps. Volunteer army and volunteers. Parts of the corps took part in the battles with the Petliurists in Kyiv, near Poltava and in the Kharkov direction (see. Poltava Volunteer Battalion). Commander - Major General I.F. Buyvid.
Special Manchurian detachment. The first center of resistance to the Bolsheviks in Eastern Siberia. Formed in December 1917 in Transbaikalia by Yesaul G.M. Semenov, who arrived there back in June 1917 as a commissar of the Provisional Government for the formation of volunteer units from Cossacks and Buryats. On November 19, 1917, in Verkhneudinsk, Semyonov, at the head of the Mongol-Buryat regiment, entered into battle with the local Bolsheviks, after which he retreated to Manchuria. In mid-December, the detachment consisted of 90 officers, 35 Cossacks and 40 Buryats. At the end of 1917, regiments began to arrive in Transbaikalia Transbaikal Cossack Division, most of the officers and a significant part of the Cossacks who joined Semenov. By April 1918, the detachment, based in the right-of-way of the Chinese Eastern Railway and called the Special Manchurian, included the Mongol-Buryat cavalry regiment, 2 regiments of the Mongols-Kharachen, the 1st Semenovsky and 2nd Manchurian foot regiments, 2 officer companies, 2 Serbian companies and a battalion Japanese volunteers, had 4 armored trains and 14 guns. In mid-April 1918 at st. Semyonov had up to 700 people in Manchuria. By July, the detachment consisted of the 1st Semenovsky and 2nd Manchurian foot, 1st Mongol-Buryat and 2nd Daur cavalry regiments, Urga detachment, artillery battalion (3 batteries), engineering and automobile companies. On September 1, the 3rd Daursky Regiment was formed, on September 23 it formed a separate Native Cavalry Brigade with the 2nd (see. Foreign Cavalry Division). On October 8, 1918, the detachment was included in the 5th Amur Separate Corps, whose headquarters was created on the basis of the detachment headquarters.
On April 18, 1919, the detachment was transformed into the Special Manchurian Ataman Semenov Division (from April 25, the name "Special" was abolished, from June 6 - Consolidated), from June 18, 1919, part of 6th East Siberian Army Corps. Composition: 1st ataman Semenov (plastunsky regiment, consolidated Cossack and Serbian divisions) and 2nd ataman Dutov (from June 16 - General Krymov; Amur cavalry regiment and Urga detachment) cavalry regiments. After reformation, from November 1, 1919, it included 2 brigades: rifle - 1st ataman Semenov and 2nd (formerly 31st Chita) Manchurian rifle regiments, Jaeger battalion and 1st light Manchurian artillery battalion; and equestrian - the 1st equestrian ataman Semenov and the 2nd Ussuri Cossack regiment and the 1st equestrian Manchurian artillery division; as well as an air squadron, an engineering division and an artillery park.
On March 21, 1920, the division was consolidated into the Manchurian Rifle Ataman Semenov Brigade: the 1st and 2nd Manchurian Rifle Regiments, the 1st Mounted Ataman Semenov Division and the 1st Manchurian Rifle Artillery Regiment (formed on November 1, 1919 from the 1st Light Rifle Artillery Battalion , Manchurian Battery and Artillery Park), an engineering battalion and a commandant's company. On May 8, 1920, the 1st Consolidated Manchurian Ataman Semenov Division was formed from this and the 1st Separate Cavalry Brigade as part of the 1st Rifle Manchurian Ataman Semenov (1st and 2nd Manchurian Rifle Regiments, light Manchurian artillery battalion, separate hussar Byryatsky division) and the 2nd Cavalry (1st Cavalry Ataman Semenov Regiment, separate Kazan Dragoon, Simbirsk and Yekaterinburg Lancers and 1st Cavalry Artillery Divisions) brigades. On January 26, 1921, the division was consolidated into a separate cavalry brigade (a cavalry regiment, a separate cavalry ataman Semenov division and a separate cavalry squadron). A separate Manchurian division under the command of the regiment. Buivida in the fall of 1921 (then numbering up to 300 combat ranks) became part of Separate rifle brigade.
The detachment had crimson epaulets with the letters "AS" - Ataman Semenov and a breastplate in the form of a silver double-headed eagle without crowns, holding a snake in its paws; on the chest of the eagle there is a gilded shield with the monogram letters “AS”, and above its head are the golden rays of the rising sun with the inscription “OMO” (in another case, on the shield “OMO”, and “AC” on the rays and on the wings of the eagle date "19" "17"). In 1937, a commemorative sign was established in exile - a copy of this, but under the eagle - a shield of national colors with the number "XX" in the middle and below - the rising sun with the date "1937". The detachment established the cross "For Courage" on the St. George's ribbon - an exact copy of the St. George's, but on the upper side there is an image of the sun, on the left - the letter "O", on the bottom - "M" and on the right - "O". Division chiefs: es. G.M. Semenov, Col. A.I. Tirbach, general-leutenant V.A. Kislitsyn (May 8 - September 2, 1920), Major General K.P. Nechaev (since September 2, 1920). Beginning headquarters - regiment. N.G. Natsvalov.
Special Ussuri ataman Kalmykov detachment. Cm. Separate consolidated Ussuri ataman Kalmykov division.
Special Shenkur battalion. Formed in October 1918 in the troops northern front from peasant partisans of the Shenkur district, participants in the Shenkur uprising in the summer of 1918. He was one of the most reliable units. In September 1919, there were more than 100 pieces. Joined the troops Dvinsky district. Almost all the ranks of the battalion were subsequently shot by the Bolsheviks. Commander - Capt. S.I. Vorobyov.
Special Junker Battalion. Formed February 12, 1918 in art. Olginskaya during the reorganization Volunteer army at the beginning 1st Kuban campaign. - about 400 people. (1st company of cadets and cadets, 2nd and 3rd of students) - from Junker battalion, student battalion and parts 3rd Kyiv School of Ensigns. In the middle of March 1918, having about 200 pieces, he was poured into the 5th and 6th companies Consolidated officer regiment. Commander - Major General A.A. Borovsky.
Ostrovsky regiment. Cm. 5th Ostrovsky Regiment.
Separate brigade of the 12th Infantry Division. Formed in VSYUR in 1919 on the basis of the officer cadre of the regiments of the 12th Infantry Division of the Imperial Army. It included the 1st and 2nd Combined Infantry Regiments of the same division, a separate artillery battalion and a separate cavalry battalion. Disbanded on April 19, 1920. By order of April 16, 1920, it was disbanded and turned to staffing Drozdov division Consolidated regiment of the 12th Infantry Division.
Separate brigade of the 52nd Infantry Division. Formed in VSYUR. Separated in November 1919 from 8th Infantry Division. Belonged to Troops of the North Caucasus. included 1st and 2nd Composite Regiments of the 52nd Infantry Division. Disbanded April 6, 1920. Beg. headquarters - regiment. G. Grigoriev (since November 25, 1919).
Separate brigade Northwestern Army. Cm. 6th Infantry Division.
Separate Volunteer Battery. Formed within Far Eastern Army in the spring of 1921 in Primorye from the Volunteer Artillery Battalion of the Volunteer Brigade (see. Volunteer division). In March 1921, when the brigade split, it moved to Grodekovskaya group of troops. When speaking in Khabarovsk campaign in November 1921 she fielded 72 combatant and 29 non-combatant ranks and 2 3-inch guns. Joined the Izhevsk-Votkinsk brigade. Most of the officers and part of the soldiers of the battery were pupils of the cadet corps (mainly Omsk), and the cadet spirit and traditions dominated in it, which ensured an exceptionally strong unity. Most of the battery officers, in contrast to other artillery units of the army, where infantry officers who served in the artillery since 1918 predominated, graduated from artillery schools. In August 1922, it was renamed the Kama artillery battery (team) as part of the Kama regiment of the Volga region group or rati (see. 3rd Corps). On September 1, 1922, there were 93 people. and 2 3-inch guns. Commander - Lieutenant Colonel. A.A. Gaikovich.
Independent Cavalry Brigade (I). Formed in VSYUR as part of Troops of the Novorossiysk region November 16, 1919 Operated against Makhno's gangs in Ukraine. Compound: Consolidated Dragoon, Crimean equestrian and 8th Hussar Lubensky Regiment.
Separate cavalry brigade (II). Formed April 16, 1920 Russian Army in the Crimea from the part of 1st Cavalry Division (II) 2nd Cavalry General Drozdovsky Regiment, Chechen and Crimean cavalry regiments, Taurida Equestrian Division, as well as divisions 3rd Novorossiysk and 9th Kazan Dragoons, 1st Petrograd and 9th Bug Lancers and 8th Lubensky and 9th Kyiv Hussars former Imperial Army. Was part of 1st Army Corps. Compound: 6th and 7th Cavalry Regiments, Reserve division (2 squadrons; from the reserve cavalry regiment 9th Cavalry Division), 4th and 5th cavalry artillery battalions (from the 6th and 7th cavalry artillery battalions). Management is formed from management 9th Cavalry Division. On April 28, 1920, it was reorganized into the 2nd Cavalry Division (see. 2nd Cavalry Division (II).
The Combat Composition of the Armed Forces in the South of Russia
Troops of the North Caucasus - General of the Erdeli Cavalry
8th Infantry Division
2nd Tersk Plastun Brigade (battalion and battery)
3rd Terek Cossack Division
4th Terek Cossack Division
Kabardian Cavalry Division (part)
Ossetian cavalry division
Chechen cavalry division (part)
Dagestan cavalry brigade (part)
Transcaspian detachment
8th Infantry Division - Major General Rudnev
Apsheron Infantry Regiment - 1,286 units, 16 pools.
Dagestan infantry regiment - 738 units, 9 pools.
Shirvaninfantry regiment - 1,011 units, 9 pools.
1st Consolidated Regiment of the 52nd Infantry Division - 1,673 units, 7 pools.
2nd Consolidated Regiment of the 52nd Infantry Division - 538 units, 6 pools.
Reserve battalion - 411 pcs.
8th artillery brigade (4 divisions) - 12 light, 4 mountain [guns] and 3 howitzers.
Total:5,657 pcs., 47 pul., 12 light, 4 bugle. [about rudiya] and 3 howitzers.
1st Terek Plastun Brigade - Colonel Lesikov
9th Terek Plastunsky battalion - 208 units, 4 pools.
1st Volga plastun battalion - 304 units, 5 pools.
2nd Volga plastun battalion - 85 pcs., 1 pool.
1st Sunzha-Vladikavkaz plastun battalion - 222 units, 4 pools.
2nd Sunzha-Vladikavkaz plastun battalion
1st Caucasian Artillery Battalion:
1st Caucasian Plastunskaya mountain battery - 3 mountain guns
1st Caucasian Howitzer Battery - 2 howitzers
Total:819 pieces, 14 bullets, 3 mountain guns and 2 howitzers.
2nd Terek Plastun Brigade (brigade in Dobrarmia)
16th Terek Plastunsky battalion - 111 units, 4 pools.
2nd Caucasian Plastunskaya mountain battery - 4 light guns
1st Kuban Plastun Brigade - Colonel Firsov
6th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 245 units, 7 pools.
7th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 562 units, 12 pools.
12th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 800 pieces, 9 pools.
Special Kuban Plastun Battalion
1st Kuban Plastun Battery
4th Kuban Plastun Battery - 4 light guns
Total:1,607 pieces, 28 bullets, 4 light guns.
3rd Terek Cossack Division
1st Sunzha-Vladikavkaz Cossack regiment - 212 sub., 3 pool.
2nd Sunzha-Vladikavkaz Cossack regiment - 313 sub., 7 pool.
3rd Sunzha-Vladikavkaz Cossack regiment - 240 sab., 3 pool.
3rd Terek Cossack regiment - 380 sab., 5 pool.
4th Terek Cossack battery - 3 light guns
6th Terek Cossack battery - 4 light guns
Total: 1,145 sub., 18 pul., 7 light guns.
4th Terek Cossack Division - Major General Kolesnikov
1st Kizlyar-Grebensky cavalry regiment - 235 sab., 4 pool.
2nd Kizlyar-Grebensky cavalry regiment - 161 sab., 6 pools.
3rd Kizlyar-Grebensky cavalry regiment - 253 sab., 1 pool.
4th Terek Cossack Regiment - 407 sub.
5th Terek Cossack battery - 4 light guns
Total: 1,056 sab., 11 pul., 4 light guns.
Kabardian Cavalry Division - Major General Anzorov
1st Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the Caucasian Army)
2nd Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the Caucasian Army)
3rd Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the Caucasian Army)
4th Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the Caucasian Army)
5th Kabardian cavalry regiment - 70 sab., 2 pool.
6th Kabardian Cavalry Regiment - 360 subs.
Training reserve team - 44 sub.
Machine gun courses - 7 pools.
Total: 474 sub ., 9 pool.
Ossetian cavalry division - Colonel Emanuel
1st Ossetian cavalry regiment - 265 sab., 5 pool.
2nd Ossetian cavalry regiment - 244 sab., 8 pool.
3rd Ossetian Cavalry Regiment - in the Volunteer Army
4th Ossetian cavalry regiment - 93 sab., 8 pool.
1st Ossetian Rifle Battalion - in the Volunteer Army
2nd Ossetian rifle battalion - 308 units, 4 pools.
3rd Ossetian rifle battalion - 384 units, 4 pools.
Total: 692 pieces, 8 pools; 602 sub., 21 pools.
Chechen cavalry division - Major General Revishin
1st Chechen Cavalry Regiment)
2nd Chechen Cavalry Regiment) retired to the rear area
3rd Chechen Cavalry Regiment) of the Volunteer Army
4th Chechen Cavalry Regiment)
Kumyk cavalry regiment - 378 sab., 4 pools.
Total: 378 sub ., 4 pool.
Dagestan Cavalry Brigade
1st Dagestan Cavalry Regiment) in the Caucasian Army, entered
2nd Dagestan cavalry regiment) Svodno-Gorskaya [cavalry] division
1st Dagestan Rifle Battalion - in the Caucasian Army, attached
Svodno-Gorsk [cavalry] division
2nd Dagestan Rifle Battalion - 36 units, 4 pools.
3rd Dagestan Rifle Battalion - 177 pcs.
4th Dagestan Rifle Battalion - 17 pcs.
1st independent light battery - 5 light guns
Total: 230 pieces, 4 pools ., 5 light guns.
Units that are not part of divisions and brigades
Alexandria Hussar Regiment - 861 Sat., 18 pools.
Ossetian (Kuban) division - 78 sub.
Ossetian equestrian division - 46 sab., 1 pool.
Partisan detachment - 191 sub., 1 pool.
Astrakhan separate hundred - 120 sub.
Caucasian engineering battalion - 3 companies, 256 sappers
Spare Terek battery - 6 light guns
1st separate horse-mountain division (2 batteries) - 8 light guns
Armored train: "Terets"
"Caucasian"
"George the Victorious"
Radio stations No. 18, 6, 8
air squadron No. 5 - 2 aircraft
Total: 1,296 sab., 20 pul., 14 light guns; 3 companies, 256 sappers; 2 aircraft, 3 armored trains
Transcaspian detachment
Transcaspian division
1st regiment - 923 units, 7 pools.
Reserve battalion - 76 pcs.
Turkestan regiment - 952 pieces, 15 pools.
Equestrian Dagestan division - 297 sab., 3 pool.
Ossetian equestrian hundred - 68 sab., 1 pool.
Equestrian partisan division - 107 sab., 7 pool.
Caucasian Artillery Battalion - 2 light guns
Transcaspian Artillery Battalion - 4 light guns
Sapper company - 1 company, 72 sappers
Kizil-Arvatskayarailway squad - 144 units, 4 pools.
Armored train: "Sentinel"
"General Kornilov"
"Partizan"
"Three Musketeers"
"Thunderstorm"
Total:2,051 pcs. , 26 pools; 562 sub. , 11 pools; 8 guns; 1 company, 72 sappers; 5 armored trains
Total in the troops of the North Caucasus:
11,167 pcs. , 131 pools.
5,513 sub. , 94 pool.
58 light, 7 mountain [guns], 5 howitzers
4 companies, 328 sappers
2 aircraft; 8 armored trains
Caucasian army - Lieutenant General Baron Wrangel
1st Kuban Corps
4th Kuban Cossack Division (temporarily in the 4th Kuban Corps)
On body:
Consolidated Grenadier Division
2nd Kuban Corps
2nd Kuban Cossack Division
On body:
Svodno-Gorskaya [cavalry] division (temporarily)
4th Cavalry Corps
1st Cavalry Division
Svodno-Gorskaya [cavalry] division (temporarily in the 2nd Kuban Corps)
Kabardian [cavalry] division
On body:
4th Kuban Cossack Division (temporarily)
With the army:
Astrakhan Cossack Division
1st Kuban Corps - Lieutenant General Pokrovsky (temporarily Major General Pisarev)
1st Kuban Cossack Division - Major General Kryzhanovsky (temporarily the entire division without the 2nd Black Sea [Cossack] regiment - in the 2nd corps)
2nd Linear Cossack Regiment - 244 sab., 6 pool.
2nd Black Sea Cossack Regiment - 202 sab., 6 pool.
2nd Consolidated Kuban Cossack Regiment 2 - 98 sab., 7 pool.
3rd Consolidated Kuban Cossack Regiment 2 - 40 sab., 1 pool.
Guards Division - in Yekaterinodar
Rifle regiment - 741 units, 20 pools.
1st Kuban [Cossack] Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
1st Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 4 light guns
4th Kuban Cossack cavalry battery - on staffing in Zhutovo
Total: 741 pcs. 20 pool .; 584 sub., 20 pools; 4 light guns.
On body:
Consolidated Grenadier Division - Major General Pisarev (temporarily acting Major General Chichinadze)
Consolidated regiment of the 1st Grenadier Division
Consolidated regiment of the 2nd Grenadier Division
Consolidated regiment of the 3rd Grenadier Division
Consolidated regiment of the Caucasian Grenadier Division
Grenadier Artillery Brigade (4 divisions)
Grenadier Engineering Company
Total:1,149 pieces, 27 pools; 178 sub., 3 pools; 13 light guns, 4 howitzers.
3rd Kuban Plastun Brigade - Major General Khodkevich (temporarily acting Colonel Tsyganok)
1st Kuban Plastun Battalion - on staffing in Otradnoye
3rd Kuban Plastun Battalion - 721 units, 12 pools.
5th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 508 units, 12 pools.
11th Kuban Plastun Battalion - on staffing in Otradnoye
1st Kuban plastun howitzer battery - being manned in Tikhoretskaya
3rd Kuban Plastunka battery - 3 light guns
Total:1,229 pieces, 24 bullets, 3 light guns
2nd Kuban Plastun Brigade - Colonel Zapolsky
2nd Kuban Plastun Battalion - 1,108 pieces, 20 pools.
4th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 605 units, 26 bullets, 2 light guns
8th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 765 pieces, 21 pools.
9th Kuban Plastun Battalion - 821 units, 11 pools.
2nd [plastunsky] artillery battalion:
2nd light plastun battery - 3 light guns
2nd howitzer plastun battery - 3 howitzers
Total:3,289 pcs. , 78 pools; 5 light guns, 3 howitzers.
1st Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion:
1st battery - 3 heavy guns
2nd battery (1 platoon) - 2 heavy guns
4th howitzer battalion of the 2nd artillery brigade:
7th howitzer battery - 2 howitzers
8th howitzer battery - 4 howitzers
Total in the body:6,408 pcs. , 149 pools; 862 sub. , 23 pools; 25 light guns, 13 howitzers, 5 heavy guns.
2nd Kuban Corps - Lieutenant General Ulagai
2nd Kuban Cossack Division4 - Major General Mamonov (acting Colonel Shlyakhov)
1st Kuban Cossack regiment - 150 sab., 6 pool.
1st Labinsky Cossack Regiment - 97 sab., 7 pool.
2nd Kuban Cossack Regiment - 96 sab., 4 pool.
1st Poltava Cossack Regiment - 210 sab., 12 pool.
Rifle regiment - 157 pcs.
2nd Kuban Cossack Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
3rd Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 2 light guns
7th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 2 light guns
1st Kuban Cossack Mounted Howitzer Battery - 3 howitzers
Total: 157 pieces; 553 sub., 29 pools; 4 light guns, 3 howitzers.
3rd Kuban Cossack Division - Lieutenant General Babiev
1st Black Sea Cossack Regiment - 190 sab., 12 pool.
1st Taman Cossack Regiment - 120 sab., 8 pool.
1st Caucasian Cossack Regiment - 364 sab., 10 pools.
2nd Poltava Cossack Regiment - 281 sab., 12 pool.
Rifle regiment - 309 units, 14 pools; 31 sub.
KornilovskyCossack regiment - 334 sab., 21 pools.
3rd Kuban Cossack Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
5th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 4 light guns
1st Kuban Cossack horse-mountain battery - 4 light guns
Total: 309 pieces, 14 pools .; 1,320 subs., 63 pools; 8 light guns.
At the division:
Consolidated battalion of the Steppe partisans - 147 units, 201 subs.
Artillery Platoon of the Steppe Partisans - 2 light guns
On body:
Svodno-Gorskaya [cavalry] division - Colonel Grevs (temporarily acting Colonel Kotiev)
Ingush cavalry brigade:
1st Ingush cavalry regiment - 80 subs.
2nd Ingush cavalry regiment - 61 sab., 3 pool.
Karachay cavalry regiment - on staffing in st. N evinnomysskaya
Dagestan Cavalry Brigade:
1st Dagestan Cavalry Regiment - 249 sab., 4 pool.
2nd Dagestan Cavalry Regiment - 53 subs.
Total: 443 sub ., 7 pool.
At the division:
1st Dagestan Rifle Battalion of Imam Shamil - 230 units, 4 pools.
Total in the division: 230 pieces, 4 pools .; 443 sub., 7 pool.
1st separate engineering hundred of the Kuban Cossack army - 1 company, 166 sappers
Total in the body:845 pcs. , 18 pools; 2,517 subs., 99 pools; 14 light guns, 3 howitzers; 1 company, 166 sappers.
4th Cavalry Corps - Lieutenant General Toporkov (acting Colonel Muravyov)
1st Cavalry Division - Major General Uspensky (temporarily Major General Pavlichenko)
1st Yekaterinodar Cossack regiment - 120 sab., 1 pool.
1st Linear Cossack Regiment - 90 sab., 6 pool.
1st Uman Cossack Regiment - 151 sab., 2 pool.
1st Zaporizhzhya Cossack Regiment - 58 sab., 2 pool.
Rifle regiment - 519 units, 12 pools.
1st Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
2nd horse battery - under repair at st. White clay
3rd cavalry battery - 2 light guns
4th Horse Battery - 1 light gun
1st Horse Howitzer Battery - 4 howitzers
Total: 519 pieces, 12 pools .; 419 sub., 11 pools; 3 light guns, 4 howitzers.
Kabardian Cavalry Division - major general Bekovich-Cherkassky
1st Kabardian Cavalry Regiment - 140 subs.
2nd Kabardian Cavalry Regiment - 35 subs.
3rd Kabardian cavalry regiment - 62 sab., 3 pool.
4th Kabardian Cavalry Regiment - 40 subs.
5th Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the troops of the North Caucasus)
6th Kabardian Cavalry Regiment (in the troops of the North Caucasus)
2nd Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
1st horse battery - 2 light guns
2nd Horse Howitzer Battery - 1 howitzer
5th Horse Battery - 1 light gun
Total: 277 sub ., 3 pools; 3 light guns, 1 howitzer
On body:
4th Kuban Cossack Division - Colonel Buryak (temporarily Colonel Zemtsev)
2nd Zaporizhzhya Cossack Regiment - 105 sab., 4 pool.
2nd Uman Cossack Regiment - 109 sab., 4 pools.
2nd Yekaterinodar Cossack regiment - 73 sub., 3 pool.
2nd Caucasian Cossack regiment - 64 sab., 1 pool.
Rifle regiment - 703 units, 9 pools.
4th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
6th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 2 light guns
9th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Battery - 2 light guns
Total: 703 pieces, 9 pools .; 351 sub., 12 pools; 4 light guns.
Total in the body:1,222 pieces, 21 pools; 1,047 sab., 26 pools; 10 light guns, 5 howitzers.
Parts not included in the body:
Astrakhan Cossack Division - genera l[-major] Kolossovsky
1st Astrakhan Cossack Regiment - 546 sab., 8 pool.
2nd Astrakhan Cossack regiment - 151 sab., 6 pool.
3rd Astrakhan Manych regiment - 424 sab., 12 pool.
4th Astrakhan Kalmyk Manych Regiment - 377 sab., 11 pool.
1st Foreign Cavalry Regiment - 97 sab., 3 pool.
4th Cavalry Artillery Battalion:
1st Astrakhan Cossack battery - 4 light guns
9th Horse Battery - 5 light guns
Total: 1,595 sub., 40 pul.; 9 light guns.
1st Separate Kuban Cossack Brigade - Major General Kosinov
3rd Caucasian Cossack Regiment
3rd Black Sea Cossack Regiment - guarding the railway
16th [Kuban] Plastun Battalion
Total: [...]
Life Hussar Pavlograd Regiment - 94 sub.
Razdorskaya separate hundred - guarding the railroad
Separate Kuban battery - 4 light guns
1st armored train division:
"United Russia"
"Forward for the Motherland" (under repair)
"General Alekseev" (under repair)
Adapted armored train "Stepnoy"
Don armored trains:
"Steppe"
"Cossack Zemlyanukhin"
"Ataman Platov"
"Ilya Muromets"
2nd armored division:
1st, 2nd and 3rd armored detachments - under repair
1st tank battalion:
1st Tank Detachment
4th Tank Detachment - sent to Taganrog
2nd tank battalion:
6th Panzer Detachment - assigned to Tsaritsyn
air squadrons :
1st Kuban Cossack - 3 aircraft
English 17-A - 5 aircraft
English 17-B - 4 aircraft
English 17-O - 3 aircraft
1st railway battalion of the Dobrarmia
1st Caucasian Radiotelegraph Division
1st Caucasian separate engineering company - 1 company, 117 sappers
Naval Special Forces - Captain 1st rank Zaev
Naval separate battalion - 165 pieces, 8 bullets, 2 small-caliber guns
6th division of river boats
boats:
MK 3, MK 4, MK 7
MK 5, SK 1, SK 2, MK 10 - under repair
7th division of river boats
armored boats:
"Cossack"
"Circassian"
"Plastun"
“Lineets ”- under repair
"Chernomorets"
"Ataman Chipega"
"Anton Golovaty"
1st Gunboat Division
Special Purpose Division of Naval Heavy Artillery
1st battery - under repair
2nd battery - 3 heavy guns
2nd Naval Heavy Artillery Battalion
3rd battery - 2 heavy guns
4th Naval Heavy Artillery Battalion
7th battery - 2 guns
8th battery - 1 gun
6th Naval Heavy Artillery Battalion
12th battery - 2 guns
Separate howitzer platoon - 2
Total in the Caucasian army:
8,640 pieces, 196 pools.
6,115 sub., 188 pool.
62 light guns, 21 howitzers, 2 small-caliber guns
Major General TIMANOVSKY
1 officer general Markov regiment
2 officer general Markov regiment
3 officer general Markov regiment
1 Kornilov strike regiment
2 Kornilov strike regiment
3 Kornilov strike regiment
Zap. Battalion of the 1st Infantry Division
1st Artillery Brigade
1 spare artillery battalion
1st Separate Engineering General Markov Company
Total
3rd Infantry Division
Major General VITKOVSKY
1 officer general Drozdovsky regiment
2 officer general Drozdovsky regiment
3 officer general Drozdovsky regiment
Samursky infantry regiment
Reserve Battalion, 3rd Infantry Division
3rd Artillery Brigade
3rd reserve artillery battalion
3rd separate engineering company
Total
at the body
Consolidated regiment of the 31st infantry division
Partisan General Alekseev Regiment
Combined Rifle Regiment
Consolidated regiment of a separate cavalry brigade
Mountain Muslim division
3rd separate heavy cannon track. Division
1st building radio telegraph department
5 separate telegraph company
Separate engineering company of the 1st Army Corps
Armored trains
2nd division
"General Kornilov"
"Officer"
“John Kalita” (heavy)
4th division
"Eagle"
"Glory to the officer"
"Terrible" (heavy)
9th division
“Drozdovets ”
"Thunder of Victory"
"Soldier" (heavy)
6th division
"General Drozdovsky"
Fitted:
"The Valor of the Knight"
Armored cars
"General Kornilov"
"Glorious"
"Kuban"
"General Drozdovsky"
3rd Tank Detachment
Consolidated regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division
2nd Cavalry Regiment13
3rd Cavalry Regiment
1 Guards Composite Cuirassier Regiment
2nd Guards Composite Cavalry Regiment
Total
When hull
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Total in the body |
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Under the Army |
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Ordinary squadron |
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1st Aviation Division |
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2nd squadron |
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6th squadron |
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1st Air Base |
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2nd Radiotelegraphic division |
|
1st armored car division |
|
"Dashing" (under repair) |
|
"Dusseldorf" (under repair) |
|
Fiat (under repair) |
|
"Kornilovets" (under repair) |
|
1st armored car detachment "Volunteer" (under repair) "Kubanets" (at the 1st corps) "General Drozdovsky" (at the 1st corps) "Artilleryman" |
|
3rd armored car detachment "General Kornilov" (at the 1st Corps) “Glorious” (at the 1st corps) "Bogatyr" (under repair) |
|
4th armored car detachment “General Shkuro” (under repair) |
|
Total in the Volunteer Army |
Reorganization of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia, the composition of the Russian army - April - May 1920
Order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia No. 3012 of April 16, 1920.
“... I traveled around the army units at the front and in the rear and examined the positions in detail.
The political and strategic situation is forcing us on the Crimean front to go over to the defensive.
I decided to use the time of my stay in place primarily for the reorganization of the army.
I order:
item 1.
The troops of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia in the Crimea (except for the Cossacks), to bring them into two army corps and keep them in the following composition:
A. 1st Army Corps.
one). Corps Directorate - Rename from Volunteer Corps Directorate
2). Kornilov (shock) division
b). 1st General Kornilov shock regiment - unchanged
in). 2nd General Kornilov shock regiment - unchanged
G). 3rd General Kornilov shock regiment - unchanged
d). Kornilovskaya Artillery Brigade - no change
1st division - to form from the Kornilov artillery brigade
2nd division - to form from the Kornilov artillery brigade
3rd division - to form from the Kornilov artillery brigade
A separate engineering company of the Kornilov division - no change
Reserve battalion of the Kornilov division - unchanged
3). Markovskaya (infantry) division
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st General Markov Infantry Regiment - no change
c). 2nd General Markov Infantry Regiment - unchanged
d) 3rd General Markov Infantry Regiment - no change
d). Markovskaya Artillery Brigade - no change
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - to form from the 2nd and 3rd divisions of the Alekseevskaya artillery brigade.
4th division - no change
Markov company - no change
and). Reserve battalion of the Markov division - unchanged
four). Drozdov (rifle) division.
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment - no change
in). 2nd Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment - no change
G). 3rd Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment - no change
d). Drozdovskaya artillery brigade - no change
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division - no change
e). Separate engineering general Drozdovsky company - no change
and). Reserve battalion Drozdovskaya divisions - no change
5). Separate cavalry brigade
a). Brigade Directorate - to form from the existing non-regular command of the 9th Cavalry Division
b). 6th and 7th cavalry regiments - to form from the Novorossiysk and Kazan dragoons, Kyiv and Lubensky hussars, Petrogradsky and Bugsky Lancers, Chechen, Crimean cavalry and 2nd cavalry general Drozdovsky regiments, Tauride Cavalry Division.Hurry parts of the guard and Ingrian hussar regiment, consisting of the Crimean Corps, handing over horses and saddles horseless Separate cavalry brigade. Transfer personnel to the 1st Cavalry Division. Per selected officers' own horses to pay repair prices. The distribution on the shelves is to be carried out by order of the head of the Separate Cavalry Brigade.
in). Reserve division of the Separate Cavalry Brigade - 2 squadrons to form from the reserve cavalry regiment of the 9th Cavalry Division.
G). 4th equestrian- artillery division and 5th equestrian- artillery battalion - to form from the 6th and 7th equestrian- artillery battalions.
6). Units not included in the division:
a). 1st Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion:
Division Directorate - to form from the Directorate of the Caucasian Rifle Artillery Brigade.
1st battery - to form from an emergency consolidated battery of the Caucasian rifle artillery brigade.
2nd battery - to form from the 7th battery of the 2nd artillery brigade.
3rd battery - to form from the 8th battery of the 2nd artillery brigade
b). 1st Separate Position Artillery Battalion:
Division Directorate - to form from the Directorate of the Alekseevskaya Artillery Brigade. Batteries included in the division will be indicated separately. The named division is to be maintained according to the staff of the Separate Heavy Division.
in). Rename the Separate Engineer Company of the 1st Army Corps from the Separate Engineer Company of the Separate Volunteer Corps.
G). 5th separate telegraph company - no changes.
B. 2nd Army Corps.
1. Corps Directorate - rename from the Crimean Corps Directorate.
2. 13th Infantry Division.
a). Division management - no change.
in). 50th Infantry Bialystok regiment - no change
d). 52nd Infantry vilensky General Alekseev regiment - to form from the infantry Vilensky, 1st and 2nd Partisan General Alekseev Infantry Regiments
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division - no change
and). Independent Engineer Company, 13th Infantry Division - Rename from 5th Independent Engineer Company
h). Reserve Battalion, 13th Infantry Division - no change
3). 34th Infantry Division
a). Division management - no change
G). 135th Infantry Kerch– Yenikalskiy regiment - no change
d
e). 34th Artillery Brigade - no change
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division - no change
and). Independent Engineer Company, 34th Infantry Division - Rename from 7th Independent Engineer Company
h). Reserve Battalion of the 34th Infantry Division - unchanged
four). 1st Cavalry Division
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st brigade.
Guards Cavalry Regiment - to form from all parts of the Guards Cavalry, including in it all the guards cavalry units located in the Crimean Corps.
1st Cavalry Regiment; 2nd Brigade (2nd Cavalry Regiment, 3rd Cavalry Regiment), 3rd Brigade (4th Cavalry Regiment, 5th Cavalry Regiment) - to form from the existing 1st, 2nd and 3rd th Consolidated Cavalry Regiments, Courland, Volyn, Chuguevsky, Yamburgsky Lancers, Mariupol, Alexandria, Klyastitsky and Belarusian hussar regiments and Ingrian hussars, consisting in the Crimean Corps, the Native and Tatar cavalry regiments, the Consolidated Brigade of the Kabardian Division and arriving from the Sochi region Tertsev. The distribution among the regiments is to be carried out by order of the Chief of the 1st Cavalry Division
d). Spare regiment of the 1st cavalry division - 6 squadrons
e). 1st Konno- artillery division - no change
and). 2nd Konno- artillery division - no change
h). 3rd Konno- artillery division - no change
With dismounted cavalry regiments, have 50 mounted scouts and mounted machine gun teams of 18 machine guns per regiment.
5. Units that are not part of divisions:
a). 2nd Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion:
Division management, 1st, 2nd, 3rd batteries form from the 1st division Consolidated– Guards artillery brigade and from the 2nd battery of the 4th Separate heavy howitzer division.
b). 2nd Separate Position Artillery Battalion.
Division Directorate - to form from the Directorate of the 2nd Artillery Brigade
Batteries included in the division will be indicated separately. The named division is to be maintained according to the staff of the Separate Heavy Division.
in). 4th Separate Engineering Company - no change
G). 3rd separate telegraph company - no change
item 2.
Disband the following units and headquarters and turn to staffing:
Consolidated- shootingregiment - 13th infantry division
Consolidated Regiment of the 12th Infantry Division - Drozdovskaya rifle division
Pinsko- Volyn battalion - 13th infantry division
1st Regiment of the State Guard - 34th Infantry Division
The detachment of the Guard, which is attached to the Crimean Corps - send the infantry guards to staff the infantry units of the 2nd Army Corps, the horse guards, handing over horses and saddles to the Separate Cavalry Brigade, transfer to the 1st Cavalry Division.
Marine Brigade - Kornilovskaya shock division
Samurskyinfantry regiment - Drozdovskaya rifle division
item 3.
Disbanded by my order of April 6, the Consolidated Regiment of the 2nd Infantry Division should be turned over to staffing the Markov Division.
item 4.
The infantry battalion and squadron formed from the German colonists should be included in the VSYUR, called the “Separate detachment of German colonists” and maintained according to the state of the Separate infantry battalion with a squadron attached to it.
The named detachment is considered to be seconded to the 2nd Army Corps.
item 5.
In the cavalry, I allow, as part of the regiments, the preservation of the uniform of the regiments of the old Russian Army in separate platoons, squadrons and divisions (depending on the combat strength), but with the obligatory implementation of the above in p.p. 6,7 and 8 of this order.
item 6.
Disband all redundant headquarters, administrations, institutions and convoys. The personnel should be directed to the staffing of combat units. There should be no combat-ready people in the rear. I will check and strictly exact from the guilty, no matter what their merits.
item 7.
The rest of the advances issued to the shelves for the purchase of horses must be handed over to the repair department.
item 8.
I demand that in the units, institutions and departments there should be only regular property and carts. Everything superfluous by May 10 of this year. must be handed over to the Head of the Supply Department. have property separate cells, consisting of cadres of regiments of the old Russian Army, I forbid and I consider it a crime. All property must be necessarily common - regimental.
item 9.
All reorganizations indicated in this order must be completed by May 1 of this year.
item 10.
Subject to formation, on the basis of the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia in 1919 No. 2664, separate engineering companies of the 13th and 34th infantry divisions are considered not formed.
Signed: Commander-in-Chief General Wrangel
(According to the Military Administration) signature
(Department of the General Staff)signature
Order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia No. 3421 dated July 7, 1920
item 1.
In the abolition of my orders this year. for Nos. 3012 and 3081 at sem a new schedule of units of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia is announced.
BUT). 1st Army Corps
one). Body control - no change.
2). Kornilovskaya division:
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Kornilovsky
in). 2nd Kornilovsky strike regiment - no change
G). 3rd Kornilovsky strike regiment - no change
d). Kornilovskaya artillery brigade:
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
e). Separate engineering company Kornilovskaya divisions - no change
and). Reserve battalion Kornilovskaya divisions - no change
3). Markov division
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Infantry General Markov Regiment - unchanged
in). 2nd Infantry General Markov Regiment - unchanged
G). 3rd Infantry General Markov Regiment - unchanged
d). Markov artillery brigade
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division (howitzer) - unchanged
e). Separate engineering company of General Markov - no changes
and). Reserve battalion of the Markov division - unchanged
4). Drozdovskaya division:
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment
in). 2nd Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment
G). 3rd Rifle General Drozdovsky regiment
d). Drozdovskaya artillery brigade
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division (howitzer) - unchanged
e). Separate engineering general Drozdovsky company
and). Reserve battalion Drozdovskaya rifle division
5). 6th Infantry Division:
a). Division management - no change
b). Caucasian Rifle Regiment - no change
in). 83rd Infantry Samursky regiment - no change
G). 25th Smolensk Infantry Regiment - unchanged
d). Don Rifle Regiment - transfer from the Don Corps
e). 6th Artillery Brigade.
The brigade's administration - in change of the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia No. 3350, to form from the administration of the former 1st Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion.
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
Division educational– preparatory artillery school:
1st and 2nd batteries - form from the 1st and 2nd batteries educational– preparatory artillery school
and). Separate engineer company of the 6th Infantry Division - unchanged
h). Reserve Battalion, 6th Infantry Division - unchanged
a). 1st Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion
Division management - re-form
1st battery - no change
2nd battery - no change
b). Separate tractor battery - no change
in). 1st Separate Engineering Company - no change
G). 2nd Separate Telegraph Company - no change
B). 2nd Army Corps.
one). Hull controls - no change
2). 13th Infantry Division
a). Division management - no change
b). 49th Brest Infantry Regiment - unchanged
in). 50th Infantry Bialystok regiment - no change
G). 51st Lithuanian Infantry Regiment - unchanged
d). 52nd Infantry vilensky regiment - no change
e). 13th Artillery Brigade
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division - no change
and). Independent engineer company of the 13th Infantry Division
h). Reserve Battalion, 13th Infantry Division
3). 34th Infantry Division
a). Division management - no change
b). 133rd Simferopol Infantry Regiment - no change
in). 134th Feodosia Infantry Regiment - unchanged
G). 135th Infantry Kerch - Yenikalskiy regiment - no change
d). 136th Taganrog Infantry Regiment - no change
e). 34th Artillery Brigade
Brigade management - no change
1st division - no change
2nd division - no change
4th division (howitzer) - unchanged
and). Separate engineer company of the 34th Infantry Division
h). Reserve Battalion, 34th Infantry Division
four). 2nd Separate Consolidated Cavalry Brigade:
a). Brigade Directorate - reorganize and rename from the Directorate of the 3rd Cavalry Division
b). 8th Cavalry Regiment - unchanged
in). 1st Native Cavalry Regiment - unchanged
G). 2nd Native Cavalry Regiment - unchanged
d). 5th equestrian- artillery division
1st Caucasian Cavalry Battery - no change
2nd Caucasian Cavalry Battery - no change
5). Units that are not part of divisions:
a). Separate detachment of German colonists - unchanged
b). 2nd Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion - unchanged
Division management - no changes
1st battery - no change
2nd battery - no change
3rd battery - no change
in). 2nd Separate Engineering Company - no change
G). 3rd Separate Telegraph Company - no change
AT). Horse Corps.
one). Corps Office - Rename from Consolidated Corps Office
2). 1st Cavalry Division
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Brigade - Guards Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Regiment - no change
in). 2nd brigade - 2nd cavalry regiment, 3rd cavalry regiment - unchanged
G). 1st equestrian- artillery division - no change
d). 3rd equestrian- artillery division - no change
3). 2nd Cavalry Division
a). Division management - no change
b). 1st Brigade - 4th Cavalry Regiment - Transfer from 1st Division
5th Cavalry Regiment - unchanged
in). 2nd Brigade - 6th Cavalry Regiment, 7th Cavalry Regiment - no change.
4th equestrian- artillery division - no change
G). A group of special forces (it was intended for landing on the Kuban - approx. V.Ts.).
one). The headquarters of the group is to be re-formed, according to the special states.
2). 1st Kuban Cossack Division
a). Division Directorate - rename from Directorate of the Kuban Cossack Division
b). Partisan Cossack regiment - from the Kuban Cossack division
in). Uman Cossack Regiment - from the Kuban Cossack Division
G). Zaporozhye Cossack Regiment - from the Kuban Cossack Division
d). Kornilovsky cavalry regiment - to form from Kornilovsky equestrian division
e). 2nd equestrian- artillery division - transfer from the 1st Cavalry Division
and). Spare regiment of the 1st Kuban Cossack division
3). 2nd Kuban Cossack Division
b). Wolf Cossack regiment - transfer from the Kuban Cossack division
in). Wolf Rifle Regiment - to form from the personnel of the Kuban Cossack division
G). Circassian cavalry regiment - to form again
d). Kuban Guards Division - transfer from the Convoy of the Commander-in-Chief
e). Separate Kuban Cossack equestrian- artillery division - transfer from the Kuban Cossack division
and). Spare regiment of the 2nd Kuban Cossack division
four). 1st Separate Tersko- Astrakhan cavalry brigade
a). Brigade management - re-form
b). 1st Terek Cossack Regiment - unchanged
in). 1st Astrakhan Cossack Regiment - unchanged
G). 2nd Astrakhan Cossack Regiment - unchanged
d). Tersko- Astrakhan Cossack equestrian- artillery division
Division management - re-form
Terek Cossack cavalry battery - to form from the Terek artillery platoon
Astrakhan Cossack Cavalry Brigade - no change
e). Spare division of the 1st Separate Tersko- Astrakhan cavalry brigade - to allocate as part of three hundred from the 3rd cavalry division
5). Consolidated division (the future 7th infantry division as part of the 3rd army corps - approx. V.Ts.)
a). Division management - re-form
b). 1st Partisan General Alekseev Infantry Regiment - from the Kerch Fortified Region
in). Kuban Rifle Regiment - separate from the Kuban Cossack Division
G). Kuban Alekseevsky military school - from the garrison of Feodosia
d). Junker General Kornilov School - from the Kerch garrison
e). Konstantinovskoe military school - from the garrison of Feodosia
and). A separate Alekseevsky artillery battalion is to be reorganized from the Alekseevsky division of the 13th artillery brigade and transferred from this brigade.
6). Units that are not part of divisions:
a). A separate Kuban engineering hundred - to separate from the Kuban Cossack division
b). 4th Separate telegraph company - from the Kerch fortified area
D). Don Corps.
The composition of the corps will be announced in addition to the appendix to this order.
E). Parts not included in the housings:
a). Reserve Cavalry Regiment - re-form
b). Repair cavalry regiment - without changes
item 2.
I subordinate the 1st and 2nd Positional Artillery Brigades to the Chief Perekop - Sivashsky district.
Signed: Commander-in-Chief General Wrangel
Stapled: VR. I. D. Head of the Military Directorate,
Major General Nikolsky
(According to the Military Administration)
(Department of the General Staff).
RGVA. F. 39540, Op.1., D. 45, Ll. 1-13rev; D. 179, Ll. 143a - 143d (rev).
The composition of the Russian army after the evacuation of the Crimea (November 1920).
Order to the troops of the 1st Army Corps No. 3.
"Diamond"
item 1.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of November 4/17, 1920, No. 4731, the Army entrusted to me was ordered to be reduced to one corps, of which I was appointed commander.
item 2.
The corps will include:
1. Infantry Division - Gen. Witkowski:
Kornilovskyregiment - from Kornilovskaya divisions.
Markov regiment - from the Markov division
Drozdovskyregiment - from Drozdovskaya divisions
Alekseevsky regiment - from parts of the 6th division, Alekseevsky regiment, Consolidated- Guards regiment and parts of the 13th and 34th infantry divisions.
2. Cavalry Division - Gen. Barbovich:
1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cavalry regiments
To form horse regiments from parts of regular cavalry.
item 3.
Select all Cossacks in Donskoy and Kuban corps by affiliation.
Signed: Corps Commander General Kutepov.
A separate problem in the history of formations of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia is the formation of regular cavalry units. It was here that the number of resurgent regimental cells was greatest, and it was here that constant reorganizations had to be carried out. An idea of this is given by the documents below on the composition of the cavalry units of the VSYUR - the Russian Army for the period 1919 - 1920.
The diary of the times of my participation in the Volunteer Army (1919-1920) has been lost, and I have to limit myself to describing individual events and battles that for some reason I remember.
It is not easy at least approximately to restore the list of Nizhny Novgorod officers in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, which included squadrons of the Nizhny Novgorod, Seversky and Tver regiments. Instead of the Terek Cossack regiment of imperial times, the squadrons of the Pereyaslav Dragoon Regiment were given.
Some of our officers took part in the struggle against the Reds even before my arrival in the city of Kerch and continued this struggle in Kerch, and then in the Crimea. In the future, other fellow soldiers joined us. All of them - and seconded officers from other units - fought before leaving for Poland. Under General Wrangel, there were already fewer of us, because. some officers who fled from the Polish camp remained in Europe and, in addition, there were losses.
I left Batum with our colonel, Prince Boris Lvovich Golitsyn, on the English warship Spiraka. It was a small steamship designed to fight against submarines, in essence, a merchant marine ship with camouflaged guns.
We landed in Kerch tired but happy. We didn't have horses yet. There were two foot Nizhny Novgorod squadrons. One was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Prince Sergei Lvov, the other was commanded by Ossetian captain Konstantin Tuskaev.
Of the junior officers in Kerch, there were brothers princes Boris and Yuri Abashidze, lieutenants Arkady Stolypin, Mikhail Essen, Baron Dmitry Firks, cornets Alexei Maklakov, brothers Ivan and Nikolai Staroselsky, count Boris Shamborant, Vladimir Popov, Vsevolod Isaev II and our former sergeant major 3- th squadron. Cornet Maklakov's brother Leonid, who was a volunteer, was also there.
In Kerch, the headquarters captain, Prince Boris Abashidze I, was killed, the cornets Count Musin-Pushkin and Nikolai Staroselsky were seriously wounded and did not return to the regiment. I was then slightly wounded in the arm.
In the battle under Ak-Manai in the Crimea, our Nizhny Novgorod soldiers were wounded - lieutenants Mikhail Essen and cornets Ivan Staroselsky and Vsevolod Isaev II.
After the “exit” from the Crimea, Nizhny Novgorod residents joined us - colonels Prince Boris Golitsyn and Boris Sheremetyev, headquarters captain Count Lev Shamborant, lieutenants Konstantin Sakhnovsky, Vasily Geider, Prince Nikita Lobanov-Rostovsky, cornets Nikolai Boldyrev, Sergey Kishinsky, Prince Dolgoruky, Prince Yuri Gagarin, Kozlov (former sergeant major of the Nizhny Novgorod regiment) - and seconded - cornet Freiman, Cossack cornet Alexei Bednyagin, cornet Mayborod of the Dagestan cavalry regiment and lieutenant Samovalenko from the detachment of General Shkuro.
Upon returning from Poland, the number of our officers in the army of General Wrangel decreased. Captain Konstantin Tuskaev died of tuberculosis in Poland. Cornet Prince Dolgoruky and cornet Sergei Kishinsky were killed. The latter received permission from his superiors to find his family in Romania and was killed by the Romanians on the Dniester River. Lieutenant Baron Dmitry Firks, lieutenant Arkady Stolypin (in the leg) were wounded, and cornet Ivan Staroselsky was transferred to the Life Guards Horse Regiment.
As far as I remember, in the army of General Wrangel, besides me, there were lieutenant colonel S. Lvov, brothers Lev and Boris Shamborant, brothers Alexei and Leonid (volunteer) Maklakov, Freiman, cornet Bednyagin and cornet Luft. There were obviously others, but I can't remember who.
According to captain Kartsev of the Tver regiment and our Nizhny Novgorod resident Ivan Staroselsky, the following officers of the Consolidated Regiment fought in the Volunteer Army.
16th Tver Dragoon Regiment: captain Zhdanko, headquarters captain Sakharov, Kartsev, Denisov, lieutenants Shalonsky, Leonov, cornets Levandovsky, Basiev, Vilinsky, Yuzvinsky; seconded: headquarters captains Benetsky, Povshedny.
18th Seversky Dragoon Regiment: Colonel Vladimir Popov, captains Leonid Ermolov, Pavel Ivanov, headquarters captains Kharitov, Igor Chervinov; seconded Hartulari (from the horse-mountain artillery division).
15th Pereyaslav Dragoon Regiment: Colonel Vakhvakhov, Lieutenant Colonel Shchastlivtsev, Captain Lelièvre, cornets Orlov, Balashev, ensign Ter-Pogosov.
Fighting near Kerch
Kerch - the ancient Panticapaeum - is located in the depths of the bay. To the left of the city is a cape, on which there is a small village and the Bryansk plant, and on the cape, which is to the right, is the Kerch fortress. It had no military significance for a long time. But there were still intact bastions and various escarps, counter-scarps and ramparts.
The old fortress became cozy, overgrown with grass and bushes of bird cherry and lilac. In the flowering bushes - it was in the spring of 1919 - nightingales were flooded, and "every evening at the appointed hour" our young officers walked along the ramparts with local sirens.
We didn't have horses then. We were dressed and shod like someone else. Junior officers were in a soldier's position or almost. There were few old dragoons... Who were our soldiers? Yes, more former sailors and Red Army soldiers, either defected to our side, or from prisoners. There were also many different young volunteers. To be honest, I didn't have much confidence in the soldiers. During the night rounds I avoided going first and always had the right man behind me.
Events soon confirmed my suspicions. A native of Nizhny Novgorod, a regimental rider Voronov, was captured by the Bolsheviks; pretending to be a man of leftist views, he gradually entered into their confidence, after three weeks he fled. Returning to our regiment, he reported that among our soldiers there was already a cell of conspirators preparing to kill the officers. Voronov even named some names... At that time we still knew little of our guys, and only with time the tares were separated from the grain.
Around the city were the famous Kerch quarries. This is a kind of underground city with wide galleries-streets, crossroads and squares. From this labyrinth, from these catacombs, light but strong building stone was previously mined. Now the Reds driven out of the city were hiding in the quarries - the Bolshevik sailors of the Black Sea Fleet, as well as workers, deserters and just criminals. We were upstairs and watched the exits from this labyrinth. They lived below their mole life. They had supplies and weapons. We also had all this, but there was also the sun, the sky and the sea ...
Some galleries, unknown to us, went out to the suburbs and villages, and the Reds had connections with the inhabitants in this way. The main exits were guarded by us day and night, but we did not have enough people for all the exits. The Reds made sorties. Once, even in the evening, they broke through in the equestrian ranks past one of our outposts, because. they also had horses, though not many...
It remained to fill up the exits from the galleries with explosions. They took out barrels of melinite, similar to yellow sulfur powder. Melinite does not explode well, and in order to "wake it up", you need dynamite. Our subversive team took up this matter, and soon almost all the exits were filled up. Almost, but not all... Skirmishes continued, and one day a sapper Captain Chervinov was killed by a bullet in the eye.
The main explosion was not completely satisfactory either. By the light of the torches, our dragoons rolled in twelve barrels of melinite, passed the fuses... And outside we looked at the clock and counted the minutes. Muffled thunder and smoke burst from the gallery. Inside there were collapses and cracks formed. But the Bolsheviks still managed to get out through the side galleries.
However, these explosions got on the Reds' nerves. Yes, and the very life in the twilight and the fear of being buried alive drove some of them to despair. We heard about it from prisoners...
I often visited the galleries and once, after another explosion, I was lowered by a rope. Several hunters with torches descended behind me. For a long time and silently we walked through the soft dust in the midst of deathly silence. Leaving people around the corner, I crept forward in the darkness, holding on to the wall until the next turn. He looked around the corner: something like a trench and a dim lantern on a pole - their outpost ... We were not ordered to continue further reconnaissance, and we did not take hand grenades with us. They turned and silently left.
I remember a shootout near the fortress. Baron Firx personally hit with a machine gun. A soldier was lying next to me in a chain, who soon received a bullet near his ear. He moaned, and I dragged him behind a bush, where he died. His last name was Eternal.
Once in the morning we were awakened in the fortress by gunfire. It was still dark, but you could see how dazzling white rockets were fired from our and British warships and fired from naval guns at the trenches in which the Bolsheviks had settled. Machine-gun rattle was also heard ... I watched and listened, as if spellbound. I was gnawed by impatience and was a little ashamed to look at all this from a distance! Three hours later - it was May 10 - I asked to go to the city, hired a cab and got to the suburbs. Who would have thought that you can take a cab to get to the battlefield? For some reason I remembered Pierre Bezukhov!
On the way, I was told that we had heavy losses. I turned into the hospital. Prince Boris Abashidze was lying with a bandaged neck and head - a bullet had broken his cervical vertebra. Abashidze whispered something. I leaned towards him: "Flies!". The damned flies haunted the dying man. I held his hand for a long time and drove away the flies. Then he called his sister and left. I never saw Boris Abashidze again.
In the next room lay another of our Nizhny Novgorod - Count Alexei ("Mumka") Musin-Pushkin. Poor Alexei's right hand was taken away. He lay quietly, did not complain, behaved like a hero. He was, of course, weak and pale. I was mentally transported to St. Petersburg, where I so often visited this family at 17 Liteiny Prospekt.
Leaving the hospital, I put on my hat to hide my tears - my nerves were obviously somewhat frayed ... Then I reached the outskirts of the village on foot. There was shooting. Leonid (Lenya) Yermolov, a captain of the Seversky regiment, was lying near the machine gun on the high Tsarsky mound. Occasionally he sat down and gave short bursts from his "maxim". Climbed up to him. "Where are ours?" - "Yours - here very close - over there ... Only you will have to run about two hundred paces of commercials and at full speed." - "Why at full speed?". - "Yes, because" they "are almost there, at hand, at the entrance to the galleries, and they can slam away at point-blank range." - "So how to be?" - "Yes, what to do - hit with all your might, and I will water them with a machine gun."
No sooner said than done, but not entirely well. Halfway he stumbled and fell. He fell, however, successfully, for a low cover, maybe half an arshin high. He waved to Yermolov that, they say, he was alive and well. Lying, he looked around: our soldier lay nearby. Crawled: "What's wrong with you?" - "Oh, famously, I'm dying ... in the stomach, bastards, they hit ... some water, for Christ's sake ...". I didn't have a flask. The sun was hot. The wounded man groaned softly (he was carried out when the shooting weakened). It had to be decided. Gained air into the lungs, crossed himself and rushed. Yermolov opened fire... He ran to his own and found out that cornet Nikolai Staroselsky, Jr., was seriously wounded by fragments of a hand grenade and that the losses were heavy.
In the evening the fire stopped, the heat began to subside. We stood on a slope, chatted peacefully, smoked, joked - the reaction after the battle. Suddenly, somewhere in the rear, a rifle shot clicked, and the bullet gave a resounding ricochet at my feet. Another shot: a sharp pain ... the right arm hung like a whip, the fingers cramped, and they stopped moving. This is still not enough! It turned out that they shot from the bell tower of the church. The bullet touched the arm between the elbow and the wrist... The unchanging Yermolov opened fire again while I ran to the barrow.
In the hospital where I ended up in the morning, they laid me down and injected me with morphine. A few days later, in the evening, a steamboat took me to the Taman Peninsula.
There, in the hospital, Shchetinina's sweetest older sister placed me on a mattress next to Nikolai Staroselsky's bed. His wound was in bad shape and smelled strongly. In the corner of the ward lay Musin-Pushkin, to whom his mother arrived two days later. He had one more operation ahead of him: the arm had to be amputated already at the very shoulder (both survived and later survived).
On the fourth day, my fingers began to move. I returned to Kerch, where, not without hidden pride, I sewed the first golden stripe on my sleeve - a sign of injury ... Meanwhile, the enemy's resistance in Kerch was gradually weakening. A general offensive to the north was brewing - through Perekop to Tavria.
We were sent to guard posts along the Kerch Strait. The steppe blossomed. In the clear sea water we fished, not disdaining even plebeian bulls. Small smoked Kerch herrings, the best in Russia, were received from the city in boxes woven from popular prints. After the quarries, it was a real paradise ... At night I walked with a carbine over my shoulders in sentry guarding. He peered into the dark distance and listened to the night rustles. This was our present. There was also a past, but it seemed infinitely distant...
I am recording the battle at the Bryansk plant from the words of our cornet Ivan Staroselsky - brother Nikolai.
On May 9, 1919, one of the two Nizhny Novgorod squadrons of the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division was under the command of Ossetian captain Konstantin Tuskaev. The squadron was stationed in the buildings of the Bryansk plant. There were: the headquarters captain Prince Boris Abashidze, cornets Ivan and Nikolai Staroselsky, Count Alexei Musin-Pushkin and Luft. There were also Cossacks-plastuns, probably two hundred ...
The plant was not far from the quarries, and therefore special attention was paid to reinforced guards. Our trenches were 500-600 meters from the Reds ... It was decided to attack the enemy at five o'clock in the morning. Few of us slept that night. However, I finally fell asleep. I was awakened by a conversation between Musin-Pushkin and an officer of the Pereyaslav Dragoon Regiment, whose name I do not remember. Both saw dreams. Moreover, Pushkin saw in a dream that he was wounded in his right hand, and Pereyaslavets - in his left. “Dream in the hand” - how they joked ... What is surprising is that after the battle, Pushkin was taken away his right hand, and the left hand of Pereyaslav! Neither of them returned to the Free Regiment.
At 4:30 am, our destroyers and English ships opened fire on the Bolshevik trenches, and at 5:00 am we began to advance. I commanded one platoon, and Pushkin commanded another. We walked side by side and, as I remember now, in the hands of a cane.
After walking 200 paces towards the enemy trenches, we were met by strong rifle and machine-gun fire. Several dragoons were already wounded, when suddenly Musin-Pushkin fell, clutching his stomach: "I'm dying, let my mother know in Novocherkassk!" One bullet hit him in the right arm, crushing his elbow, and the other slid down his stomach without causing injury; but the blow was strong, and he thought that he had been wounded in the stomach ... I tore off the “individual package” from the checker and, having removed the overcoat and tunic from Musin-Pushkin, I saw that his right hand was hanging on ligaments and skin and that blood was gushing with might and main. I remembered from the lessons of military hygiene in the Corps of Pages that in such cases it is necessary to bandage the hand above the wound, not tighten it too tightly so that the blood can seep a little in order to avoid gangrene. Having bandaged my hand, as it should be, I ordered the dragoon Yelnikov, who was lying next to me, to carry Musin-Pushkin's cornet to the dressing station with two more dragoons ...
I collected the dragoons. Seeing that the losses were heavy, he sent a report to Captain Tuskaev, who commanded the squadron, asking for instructions. The answer was: "Immediately take the Tsar's barrow!". It was a high mound. Bolsheviks with machine guns sat on it. It was impossible to reason. We moved forward, took the mound, went down from there, captured several more rows of trenches ... Two other platoons were advancing to our left, my brother Nikolai was with them. Their task was to occupy the village of Old Quarantine.
I was sitting in a captured trench when a dragoon sent by cornet Luft (former commander of the 3rd squadron) approached me and said: “Your brother is seriously wounded and evacuated. The staff captain Stolypin, who commanded the left wing, was also wounded.
Towards evening, in view of the calm that had come, I asked Captain Tuskaev for leave, went to the pier where the Red Cross steamer was moored, and looked for my brother. He was wounded in both legs by a bullet and a grenade, which tore out part of his leg from the knee to the groin. My brother refused to have his leg taken away, and he did well, because. kept it to this day.
Consolidated regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Formed in the VSYUR on Feb. 2, 1919 (the formation took place under the Foreign Regiment). On May 22, 1919, he was part of the Separate Cavalry Brigade of the 3rd Army Corps (II). Since June 19, 1919, he was part of the 3rd brigade of the 2nd cavalry division (I). In July 1919 included 2 squadrons of the 16th Tver, 17th Nizhny Novgorod and 18th Seversky dragoon regiments. In Sept. - October 1919 reduced to the Consolidated Caucasian Cavalry Division. He participated in the Bredovsky campaign as part of the Separate Cavalry Brigade and was interned in Poland. Commander - Col. A.V.Popov. (May - Oct. 1919).
17th Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon Regiment. Reborn in the Volunteer Army. The division of the regiment (in July 1919 - 2 squadrons) was part of the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Participated in the Bredovsky campaign. Upon arrival in the Crimea on August 8, 1920, the division of the regiment was part of the Caucasian Cavalry Regiment. Since the beginning of 1919, 26 native officers of the regiment and 4 seconded officers fought in it. Regimental association in exile (part of the EMRO) - "Union of Officers of the Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon Regiment" (Paris): before. - regiment. book. K.A. Tumanov, secretary - regiment. book. N.S. Trubetskoy.
18th Seversky Dragoon Regiment. Reborn in the Volunteer Army. The division of the regiment (in July 1919 - 2 squadrons) was part of the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Participated in the Bredovsky campaign. Upon arrival in the Crimea on August 8, 1920, the division of the regiment was part of the Caucasian Cavalry Regiment. From the beginning of 1919, 5 indigenous officers of the regiment and 1 seconded fought in it. Regimental association in exile - "Association of Seversky Dragoons" (Belgrade, Yugoslavia; was part of the IV department of the EMRO). Head - Major General M.A. Kobiev, adjutant - root. B.N. Ern. Beginning regimental group (Cavalry Division) in France - Regiment. Tuganov. After 1945 - in the USA, in 1967 there were 7 people.
16th Dragoon Tver Regiment. Reborn in the Volunteer Army. The division of the regiment (in July 1919 - 2 squadrons) was part of the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Participated in the Bredovsky campaign. Upon arrival in the Crimea on August 8, 1920, the division of the regiment was part of the Caucasian Cavalry Regiment. From the beginning of 1919, 10 native officers of the regiment and 2 seconded officers fought in it. Regimental association in exile (part of the EMRO) - "Union of Tver Dragoons" (Paris): before. - regiment. Z.G. Natiev, secretary - piece - rotm. A.V. Shchigrovsky.
15th Dragoon Pereyaslav Regiment. Reborn in VSYUR. From the beginning of 1919, 6 officers of the regiment fought in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, having formed their own squadron. Since June 19, 1919, the division of the regiment was part of the formed Consolidated Dragoon Regiment, where in July 1919 the Pereyaslav dragoons were represented by 2 squadrons. In exile, early regimental group (Cavalry Division) in France - Regiment. P.A.Lyzlov.
Lvov Prince Sergei Alexandrovich, b. September 27, 1885. Lieutenant Colonel of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. Georgievsky Cavalier. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; Apr. - Dec. 1919 commander of the Nizhny Novgorod squadron in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division.
Tuskaev Konstantin. Tver Cavalry School 1912. Staff captain of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; Apr. - Dec. 1919 squadron commander in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. Captain (since September 30, 1919). He died of tuberculosis in Poland in early 1920.
Prince Abashidze George (Yuri) Dmitrievich. Staff Captain of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; in the spring and autumn of 1919 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Evacuated to Serbia. July 21 - August 1, 1920 returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea. Captain He died June 10, 1921 in Gallipoli.
Baron Firks Dmitry. Lieutenant of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; 1919 - at the beginning of 1920 in the squadron of his regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Staff captain (since August 20, 1919).
Maklakov Alexey Nikolaevich. School of Law 1917 (did not graduate; 2nd grade). Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia; April 1919 - 1920 in the division of his regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. July 20, 1920 evacuated to Yugoslavia. On August 20, 1920, he returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea. Lieutenant. In exile in France; taken to Germany in 1940. He went missing in 1945 in Berlin (he was shot by Soviet troops in a hospital).
Staroselsky Ivan Givich. Corps of Pages 1917. Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; Apr. - Dec. 1919 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, at the beginning of 1920 he was transferred to the Life Guards. Horse regiment. Lieutenant (20 Aug. 1919). Evacuated. July 21 - August 1, 1920 returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea. In exile in France. Died 30 Aug. 1979 in Paris.
Staroselsky Nikolai Givich, b. 1901. Corps of Pages 1917. Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; Apr. - Dec. 1919 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. In the Russian Army in the escort of the Commander-in-Chief before the evacuation of the Crimea. Evacuated from Yalta on the ship "Korvin". In exile on the East Coast of the United States. Died March 23, 1978 in Philadelphia.
Count Shamborant Boris Alexandrovich. Nicholas Cavalry School. Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the VSYUR and the Russian Army; April 1919 - in the summer of 1920 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Captain In exile in France. Died 18 Aug. 1939 in Paris.
Maklakov Leonid Nikolaevich Student of the Alexander Lyceum (4th grade). Volunteer. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia; April 1919 - 1920 in the squadron of the 17th Dragoon Regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. Evacuated to Serbia. On August 20, 1920, he returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea. In exile he served in the Foreign Legion in Africa. Died after 1929.
Count Musin-Pushkin Alexei Vladimirovich. Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR in the squadron of his regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Seriously wounded in May 1919 in Kerch and did not return to the regiment. Lieutenant (since August 20, 1919). In exile in the USA. Died Jan 27, 1966 in New York.
Count Shamborant Lev Alexandrovich, b. 1892. Staff captain of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the VSYUR and the Russian Army; 1919 - in the summer of 1920 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, before the evacuation of the Crimea in the Sevastopol Marine Hospital. Captain Evacuated on the ship "Rumyantsev".
Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky Nikita Ivanovich*, b. 1898. Lieutenant of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia; Apr. - Dec. 1919 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. In exile in France. Committed suicide on 22 Aug. 1921 in Paris.
Kishinsky Sergey Petrovich. Alexander Lyceum 1915. Cornet of the 17th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; Apr. - Dec. 1919 in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Lieutenant. In exile in Chisinau. He died after 1929 (according to erroneous data, he was killed in early 1920 by the Romanians on the Dniester).
This refers to Lieutenant Prince Yuri Nikolayevich Gagarin (b. 1896).
Bednyagin Alexey Petrovich. Ensign. in the Volunteer Army. Member of the 1st Kuban (“Ice”) campaign, then in the 2nd Consolidated Regiment of the Kuban Cossack army, from January 27, 1919 cornet. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia in the squadron of the 17th Dragoon Regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. Cornet. By July 20, 1920, he was evacuated to Yugoslavia. After August 20, 1920 he returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea.
Luft Georgy Georgievich. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; in June - December 1919, a sergeant major in the squadron of the 17th Dragoon Regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. July 20, 1920 evacuated to Yugoslavia. Returned to the Crimea. Cornet.
Kartsov Taras Nikolaevich (Kartsev). Corps of Pages 1914. Officer, adjutant of the 16th Dragoon Regiment in the Volunteer Army and the All-Russian Union of Youth in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Captain In exile in Algeria. He died on October 5, 1977 in Nice (France).
Yuzvinsky Georgy Nikolaevich. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR in the squadron of the 16th Dragoon Regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, since August 20, 1919 cornet. Headquarters captain. In exile in France. Died October 18, 1933 in Paris.
Ermolov Leonid Nikolaevich Nikolaev Cavalry School 1908 (officer since 1910). Staff Captain of the 18th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. July 20, 1920 evacuated to Yugoslavia. Captain (since August 20, 1919). Returned to the Crimea?
Ivanov Pavel Vladimirovich, 1888. Elisavetgrad Cavalry School 1912. Captain of the 18th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Lieutenant colonel. In exile. Served in the Russian Corps. After 1945 - in South America. He died on August 18, 1973 in Asuncion (Paraguay).
Kharitov Kh.P. Staff Captain of the 18th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR in the squadron of his regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Captain In exile in France. Died 28 Dec. 1938 in Paris.
Chervinov Igor Vladimirovich Elisavetgrad Cavalry School 1914. Staff captain of the 18th Dragoon Regiment. In the Volunteer Army from November 1917. In the VSYUR in the squadron of his regiment in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. In the Russian Army before the evacuation of the Crimea. Colonel. In exile in Yugoslavia, France, Morocco. He died on November 3, 1932 in Staroseltsy (Poland).
This refers to Prince David Agafonovich Vakhvakhov.
Colonel Vsevolod Nikolaevich Shchastlivtsev in May 1919 commanded the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division in the Crimea.
We are talking about captain Boris Aleksandrovich Lelyevra.
Balashev Nikolay Mikhailovich Cornet of the 15th Dragoon Regiment. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia in the Consolidated Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. By July 20, 1920, he was evacuated to Yugoslavia. On August 20, 1920, he returned to the Russian Army in the Crimea.
In memory of Gerasimenko Semyon Gavrilovich, Kuban Cossack,
In May 1942, the 11th Army of Erich von Manstein, in the course of Operation Bustard Hunting, almost completely (with the exception of Sevastopol, which held out until July 9-12, 1942) captured the Crimean peninsula.
The remnants of the 51st and 44th armies, which crossed over to the Taman Peninsula at the end of May 1942, were sent to resupply the North Caucasian Front. The 72nd Cavalry Division was the last to cross the Kerch Strait. In total, after the evacuation, 2146 people gathered at the assembly point of the division in the village of Starotitarovskaya, of which 255 were commanding officers, 396 junior officers and 1495 privates. It was also possible to take out a certain amount of military property from the Kerch Peninsula: 762 rifles, 32 PPD and PPSh, 11 light, 16 easel and 5 anti-aircraft machine guns, as well as two 32-mm and 50-mm mortars.
As already mentioned, at first the fighters of the division were located in the village of Starotitarovskaya, but then they were sent to the village of Krymskaya. The division did not lose a single banner in the battles (excluding the banner of the 195th cavalry regiment, but there is a dark story there). Therefore, the division was not going to be disbanded at first. This is also supported by the fact that already at the end of May - beginning of June, new officers from the replenishment are appointed to command and command positions instead of retired officers. But in view of the loss of life and the complete loss of the entire horse composition, by order of the Commander of the North Caucasian Front No.-00322 / op dated 06/16/42, the 72nd Cavalry Division was reorganized into a Special Motorized Rifle Brigade, which belonged to the mechanized units of the North Caucasian Front and was under the command of the front.
It took almost a month to replenish the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade with personnel: ordinary and especially command. The number of the brigade was increased to 3.5 thousand people. Colonel Nikita Fedorovich Tseplyaev (major general from November 17, 1942) was appointed commander of the brigade, Baldynov Ilya Vasilyevich, who left the 72nd Cavalry Division, was appointed chief of staff. Almost all the commanders and chiefs of staff of all battalions of the brigade came out of it. The brigade consisted of 3 battalions, plus a training (4th) battalion. Mechanized vehicles were represented by various types of all-terrain vehicles and other military equipment, as well as vehicles of the ZiS, Studebaker, Dodge types, up to 400 in total. Cossacks, remaining from the 72nd Cavalry Division: Kubankas, hoods, etc. The photographs at the end of the article show the commander of the 40th Motorized Rifle Brigade, Nikita Fedorovich Tseplyaev, in a cloak and hat, and some commanders of the brigade unit, also in kubankas. In a word, the brigade was well equipped with both weapons and means of transportation and military equipment.
Although the official full name of the brigade was: 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade, some modern researchers and many sources refer to the brigade as plastunskaya. And the writer Vitaly Zakrutkin in his “Caucasian Notes” directly calls the fighters of the 40th brigade scouts: “... Twenty-three days the scouts of Colonel Tseplyaev made their way from the encirclement ...”
On July 25, the Battle for the Caucasus began. German troops rushed to the Caucasian oil. Having occupied Rostov-on-Don at the end of July 1942, the Germans launched an attack on the Kuban with three armies: the 1st Tank, 17th field and 3rd Romanian armies. Soviet troops were represented by the North Caucasian and Transcaucasian fronts. Having inflicted a number of powerful blows on the Soviet troops, the Germans captured Stavropol, Armavir, Maykop, Krasnodar, Elista, Mozdok, Novorossiysk in August-September but were stopped at the end of September. Anticipating the imminent capture of Transcaucasia, the Germans set up their banners on the western and eastern peaks of Elbrus. Then part of the Romanian troops was transferred to Stalingrad. Stretched to the limit, having suffered huge losses (only killed by December, the Germans lost over 100 thousand soldiers and officers), the German troops lost their offensive initiative. The Wehrmacht was never able to break into the Transcaucasus. Having failed to achieve decisive successes during the August and September battles, the German command at the end of September began preparing an offensive against Tuapse with the forces of the 17th Army. Stunned and drained of blood, having also suffered huge losses, the Soviet troops were also unable to radically turn the tide. Instead of a deeply echeloned strong defense, units of the 18th Army turned out to be scattered and, despite the overall superiority in forces, in each individual direction turned out to be weaker than the advancing enemy.
The autumn-winter of 1942 is characterized by the German offensive in the Tuapse direction and protracted exhausting battles in the Caucasian foothills and on the mountain passes of the main Caucasian ridge.
July 12 The Special Motorized Rifle Brigade concentrates in the area of the village of Korsunskaya, where until July 30 it conducted training and knocking together units. On August 1, 1942, the brigade marched to the area of the villages of Mirny and Kovalevsky. After a two-day respite, on August 3, 1942, the brigade entered the battle.
On the morning of August 3, 1942, the brigade dug in near the village of Prochnookopskaya in the area of crossings across the Kuban River. After lunch, the brigade was subjected to massive artillery fire. Then the positions of the brigade were subjected to several attacks by German infantry units, which, with the support of 30 tanks, tried to cross to the other side of the Kuban River. Having lost 7 medium tanks and up to two infantry platoons, the Germans were forced to withdraw.
Then parts of the brigade were transferred to the site of the station. Kurgan - st. Labinskaya, a. Koshekhable. By posting the 1st battalion as the vanguard at the crossing a. Koshekhabl, brigade commander of the Special Brigade concentrated the main forces in the area of st. Labinskaya, at the crossings over the Laba River. During the next German offensive, the 1st battalion was cut off and during August 7-8 fought surrounded. The brigade commander decides to break through the encirclement around the 1st battalion with an attack, and during a continuous ten-hour battle, the enemy was driven back. In this battle, the brigade destroyed 5 tanks, 6 armored personnel carriers, many vehicles and up to two enemy infantry battalions, one German aircraft was also shot down. In the area of the village of Yaroslavskaya, the Germans cut the Labinskaya-Maikop highway and surrounded the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade in the area of \u200b\u200bthe station. Kuzhorskaya. After a five-day encirclement, the brigade commander, Major N.F. Tseplyaev, decided to break through the encirclement. On August 15, the brigade was divided into two parts: one part, breaking through the enemy's front, began to retreat in the direction of the Makhoshevsky forests and further to Bagovskaya. The other part, having attacked the enemy in its sector, retreated towards Maykop and left along the valley of the Belaya River to the village of Kamennomostskaya. The breakthrough was carried out not in the direction of the main parts of the Red Army, as the enemy expected, but to the southwest and west. During the encirclement and during its breakthrough, the fighters of the brigade knocked out 6 tanks, 10 vehicles, shot down two aircraft and destroyed up to one and a half battalions of German infantry.
The divisions of the brigade marched in two groups along the rear of the Germans. Separate detachments of the Germans constantly attacked the flanks and rear of the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade, trying to destroy the broken scouts. However, contact was established with local partisan formations. In particular, with partisan detachment No. 2 “For Stalin”. The commander of this detachment, Fedor Gavrilovich Rudakov, recalled that his partisan detachment was partially armed and replenished the stock of cartridges for rifles and PPSh machine guns from the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade.
The first group, led by the cobrig Tseplyaev, after the breakthrough, went to the village of Bugunzha. It was the territory of the Caucasian reserve. The local huntsman Yakov Vasilievich Sklyarov led units of the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade along narrow mountain paths for several days. In the end, the huntsman led the brigade units to the pass in front of Krasnaya Polyana. The 70-year-old ranger Sklyarov asked to volunteer for the brigade, after which he was enrolled in one of the units of the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade.
The second group, leaving in the direction of Maikop, went to the village of Kamennomostskaya. Then the scouts headed towards the Rest House and the Old Monastery. Having overcome the most difficult descent along the Shushuk river, the scouts went to the valley of the Dakh river and further to the village of Sakhray. When overcoming this descent, several guns and many vehicles were lost. From the village of Sakhray, parts of the brigade moved to Brilyovo Polyana. There were no further roads. The brigade left the equipment to the partisans and on foot went to Krasnaya Polyana.
Having fired on the communications of the Germans, destroying rear lines and carts, by August 30, 1942, the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade reunited again and concentrated at the foot of the main Caucasian ridge in the area of Mount Urunshein and then marched through the main pass on foot to Krasnaya Polyana to connect with parts of the front. The march through the Main Caucasian Range took place in exceptionally difficult conditions: the mountainous and wooded terrain was very difficult to pass, and besides, it was pouring with heavy rain all this time.
During the August battles, the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade, in the most difficult conditions, made a 220-kilometer march, practically without leaving the battles. For a significant part of the time, the brigade's path passed in the rear of the Germans, it was almost a forced raid on the German rear. During this time, the fighters of the brigade knocked out 27 tanks and armored vehicles, about 50 vehicles and 18 enemy aircraft, killed and wounded up to an infantry regiment. Maintaining battle formations, on September 5, 1942, the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade reached the village of Krasnaya Polyana and joined with units of the Red Army. From September 6 to 11, 1942, the brigade made a foot march along the route Krasnaya Polyana - Lazarevskoye - Olginka, where it stopped to rest. At the end of September 1942, the brigade was renamed from the Special Motorized Rifle Brigade to the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade. Until September 29, the brigade was in the Olginka area, where it was engaged in antiamphibious defense of the coast. In addition, the brigade was engaged in putting together units, as reinforcements arrived from the regions of the Krasnodar Territory and the Caucasian republics.
On September 29, according to the order of the commander of the Black Sea Group of Forces of the North Caucasian Front, the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade marched on foot along the route Olgina - Tuapse - Shaumyan - Perevalny and on October 1, 1942 entered the operational subordination of the 18th army. The 3rd Infantry Battalion was in the forefront.
From September 30, units of the 40th brigade approached positions in the areas of the farms of Pelik, Perevalny and Kindzhan. The brigade of N. F. Tseplyaev was not sent here by chance: in the area of the village of Kotlovina, a large gap was formed in the defense of the 18th Army, up to 7 kilometers wide. The German rangers and foot soldiers had an excellent opportunity to break through the mountain passes to Tuapse and the Black Sea coast. Thus, dismember the Soviet troops and neutralize the Black Sea Group of Forces. Anticipating a possible enemy breakthrough here, the commander of the 18th Army sent the 40th Brigade here.
The terrain in the area of these farms turned out to be practically impossible for defense. Despite the fact that parts of the brigade occupied the heights, it was extremely difficult to hide on them: rock and stony soil, and there were not enough trench tools. However, ingenuity prompted the Cossacks to use the axles of broken carts instead of crowbars. And thanks to incredible efforts, a day later, trenches appeared on the front flank, communication channels, observation posts and dugouts.
Already in the morning, October 1, the enemy launched several mental attacks on the positions of the 3rd battalion, without achieving a result, the Germans withdrew. Here, up to two battalions of mountain riflemen from the 1st Mountain Rifle Division “Edelweiss” acted against the scouts of the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade (commander General Hubert Lanz, a former mountaineer, had repeatedly passed through the Caucasus mountains before the war, it was the soldiers of the 1st Mountain Rifle Division who installed on both peaks of Elbrus fascist banners) from the 49th mountain rifle corps. Nearby, in the defense sector of the 694th Infantry Regiment, units of the 46th Infantry Division of the Germans broke through, capturing the village of Kotlovina. The Cossacks were familiar with this division from the May battles on the Kerch Peninsula. The 1st and 2nd battalions of the 40th brigade launched a counterattack and drove the German infantry out of the Kotlovina. The very next day, October 2, the brigade's battalions fought fierce battles against units of the German 46th Infantry Division, repelling 14 attacks. The brigade entrenched itself at the newly occupied line: the 2nd battalion was in the forefront in the village of Kotlovina, the 4th battalion in the area of the Perevalny farm, the 3rd battalion in the area of the Altubinal farm, the 1st battalion was in the area of the Kinjan farm, but then, 5 October, was sent to help the 2nd battalion to the village of Kotlovina. Then the 3rd battalion was also sent there. A separate anti-aircraft artillery battalion and an artillery regiment of the brigade were located one kilometer south of the main positions of the brigade. On October 8, the 408th Rifle Division approached to the left of the 40th Brigade, which slightly eased the position of the brigade.
The 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade occupied the above positions in the area of the Perevalny farm for more than twenty days. From the first days of October 1942, some units of the 1st Mountain Rifle Division acted against the brigade in this sector, then it was replaced by the 46th Infantry Division, and from October 16, the Germans brought the fresh 4th Division into battle. On October 21, the 408th Rifle Division began to retreat under enemy attacks, which put the 40th Motorized Rifle Brigade in an extremely difficult situation. Grechko writes about this in his memoirs: “... The soldiers and commanders of this brigade, showing courage, suspended the further advance of the enemy in the Perevalnoye area. This settlement changed hands several times during October 21-22. The battalion of Major Savitsky especially distinguished himself in these battles: the fighters knocked out the Nazis from Perevalnoye three times ... ".
Nevertheless, on October 22, under the pressure of superior enemy forces, the brigade fighters left the village of Kotlovina and retreated to the original line Perevalny - Altubinal, and on October 25, leaving the farms Perevalny and Kindzhan, concentrated in the area of the Altubinal farm. But then, on October 29, having launched a counterattack, units of the 40th brigade regained their previous positions. Unable to complete the task assigned to them, the 13th and 42nd regiments of the 46th German infantry division went on the defensive. And by November 1, units of the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade firmly held the farms of Perevalny, Kindzhan, Altubinal. For several days then, on the right flank of the 18th Army, the 40th Brigade remained alone until the 12th Cavalry Division approached. In mid-November, the Nazis made their last attempt to break through to Tuapse. But this time, their efforts were in vain. In addition, part of the attacking German troops was surrounded and completely destroyed.
In the second half of December, the troops of the 18th Army went on the offensive everywhere, and by December 21, the formations of the 18th Army reached the Pshish River, which eliminated the threat of a German breakthrough to Tuapse. This ended the Tuapse defensive operation.
Constantly turning to counterattacks, destroying enemy soldiers and equipment, in everyday intense battles, the brigade suffered huge losses in killed and wounded: 2426 people were killed and wounded, which is up to 70% of the personnel. For more than three weeks, units of the 40th separate motorized rifle brigade held the above positions. The 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade was able to stop the onslaught of the German rangers. The Germans were never able to step over a handful of scouts, sometimes alone defending their mountain passes. The threat of capturing oil storage facilities and the port of Tuapse, as well as the threat of German access to the Black Sea, was eliminated.
In the period August - November 1942, the 40th separate motorized rifle brigade destroyed 6364 enemy soldiers and officers, shot down 25 aircraft, knocked out 27 tanks, defeated two enemy headquarters and three warehouses.
On November 17, 1942, for successful military operations during the Tuapse defensive operation, the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade was presented to the rank of "Guards" with the presentation of the Guards Red Banner, and on December 13 of the same year, at the request of the Commander of the Black Sea Group of Forces of the front, General Lieutenant Petrov, the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade was presented to the Order of the Red Banner. However, neither the “Guards” nor the brigade received the order.
The commander of the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade, General N.F. Tseplyaev, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and another 205 officers and fighters of the brigade received government awards.
In the period up to the beginning of January 1943, a relative lull was established in the sector of the 18th Army. The troops put themselves in order, replenishment came.
On January 14, 1943, the offensive of the 18th Army began. She was opposed by the troops of the 17th field army of the Wehrmacht.
In early February 1943, the liberation of Krasnodar began. Among the first formations that liberated the city was the 40th Separate Rifle (from December 17, 1942) brigade of Major General N. F. Tseplyaev. The fighters of the 40th brigade entered the city from the south side and, interacting with the arrows of the 9th mountain rifle division (the future 9th Plastunskaya rifle division), liberated Krasnodar street by street.
In April, the 40th Rifle Brigade was withdrawn from the North Caucasian Front and sent to the Steppe Military District. In May 1943, the 40th Infantry Brigade was reorganized into the 38th Infantry Division. This division fought from the Kuban to Hungary.
Until now, only fragmentary information can be found about the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade. Apart from a few archival documents, a couple of occasional mentions and a few small memoirs, this brigade is not mentioned anywhere.
The units evacuated to Taman were equipped with the North Caucasian Front (practically the successor to the Crimean Front). Many units were disbanded and went to the understaffing of others. Few units were lucky enough to survive as combat units and maintain their combat capability. Among them is the 72nd Separate Kuban Cavalry Division, represented by its successor, the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade. The only reason why it was not left as a cavalry division was the complete loss of the cavalry.
Created on the basis of the 72nd Separate Kuban Cavalry Division, replenished mainly with conscripts - natives of the regions of the North Caucasus Military District (Cossacks, Russians and mountaineers), the 40th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade proved that with excellent training, excellent cohesion of fighters and units, it is capable of solve not only ordinary tactical, but also non-standard tasks, thereby contributing to the solution of strategic tasks. Having changed horses for armored personnel carriers, moving from cavalry to motorized rifle troops, the fighters did not lose their combat capability. The Cossacks, who showed themselves in the battles on the Kerch Peninsula, have proven themselves well in the battles in the Caucasus. At crossings across the Kuban and Laba rivers, when trying to break through parts of the 49th German Mountain Rifle Corps to Tuapse and the Black Sea coast. Having played one of the key roles in the Tuapse defensive operation, the fighters of the brigade were able to withstand and not let the enemy through their positions: the German rangers could not step over a handful of scouts defending their mountain passes ...
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army N 1 dated December 24, 1917, the Crimean Center of the Volunteer Army was formed, the head of which was Major General Baron de Vode. The center was subdivided into private centers: the city of Sevastopol and the area up to Balaklava; gg. Simferopol and Evpatoria Feodosia and Kerch, Yalta and surroundings; Alushta and its environs (order for the Crimean Center N 1 dated October 10, 1918).
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army N 1 dated December 24, 1917, the Crimean Center of the Volunteer Army was formed, the head of which was Major General Baron de Vode. The center was subdivided into private centers: the city of Sevastopol and the area up to Balaklava; gg. Simferopol and Evpatoria Feodosia and Kerch, Yalta and surroundings; Alushta and its environs (order for the Crimean Center N 1 dated October 10, 1918).
According to the telegram of the Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army N 03588 of November 15, 1918, Lieutenant General Baron Bode was entrusted with the command of all units of the Volunteer Army in Crimea (order of the commander of the Volunteer Army in Crimea N 8 of November 15/28, 1918). The headquarters of the commander of the troops was formed by the same order.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army, the head of the center was appointed the official representative of the Volunteer Army in the Crimea. (Order of the representative of the Volunteer Army in the Crimea N 3 dated November 6/19, 1918).
By order of the representative of the Volunteer Army in Crimea N 6 dated November 10/23, 1918, units of the Volunteer Army were announced to enter the territory of Crimea and the military units formed on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula were included in its composition. The army included Krymskaya, 3 pd. Melitopol detachment, separate Perekop battalion, Berdyansk settlement.
By orders of the Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army NN 172 and 189 of November 19 and 23, 1918, the representative of the Volunteer Army in Crimea became known as the commander of the Volunteer Army in Crimea. The commander's department was formed according to the staff of the department of a non-separate corps with a more developed supply body and a mobilization department.
At the beginning of December 1918, in order to restore parts of the old Russian army, previously stationed in the Crimea, the formation of a battalion began from the ranks of the former 13th Infantry Division, from the ranks of the Crimean cavalry regiment-squadron, from the ranks of the 13th artillery brigade - batteries, as well as new units - Simferopol an officer regiment, an engineering company, two light, howitzer and heavy howitzer batteries. (Order of the Commander of the Volunteer Army in the Crimea N 15 of December 7, 1918).
By personal order of the Assistant Commander-in-Chief of the Volunteer Army, announced in the order of the Commander of the Volunteer Army in Crimea N 20 dated December 19, 1918, the Crimean and private centers were abolished.
By order of the commander of the Volunteer Army in Crimea N 25 dated December 24, 1918, the Berdyansk, Melitopol, South-Western detachments, the consolidated guards company, the personnel battery of the guards horse artillery, the reserve cavalry regiment, the 9th battalion, the consolidated Guards Regiment, 2nd Taman Cavalry Regiment, ex. 8 Ukrainian Corps.
By December 31, 1918, the troops included: the Crimean division (Simferopol officer consolidated infantry / formed from consolidated battalions 13 and 34 infantry /, reserve cavalry, 2 cavalry Taman regiments, a separate personnel squadron); 3rd infantry division (2 officer, Samursky, 2 cavalry regiments, Ingermanland cavalry division, Czechoslovak separate battalion. Petropavlovsk, Aleksandrovsky, Romanovsky detachments, 3 separate engineering company, 3 howitzer battery, 3 light artillery division, 1 horse-mountain battery, 3 park artillery division , 3rd reserve battalion, 3rd air detachment, Chuguevsky and Belgorod cavalry detachments); Melitopol detachment (combined guards regiment. Melitopol separate battalion, 1 guards light artillery division, 2 non-standard guards light artillery division, non-standard guards heavy artillery division, separate non-standard light artillery division, hundred 2 of the Taman cavalry regiment); Perekop separate battalion with a light artillery division; Berdyansk Infantry Regiment and Sevastopol Fortress.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the VSYUR N 4 of December 27, 1918, the troops operating in the area of the Tauride and Yekaterinoslav provinces, the 3rd Infantry Division were consolidated into the Crimean-Azov Corps, the command of the Commander of the Volunteer Army in the Crimea was disbanded, the personnel and property were turned to the formation of the department corps.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Union Socialist Republic No. 42 dated January 10, 1919, the corps was renamed the Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army, and the corps headquarters was reorganized into the army headquarters. It included the departments of the quartermaster general (operational, intelligence, general, topographic departments), the general on duty (inspector, general, mobilization, ship departments) and the military-political department (order of the Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army N 16 of January 15, 1919 .).
At the army headquarters, a judicial-investigative commission was formed (order of the Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army N 18 of January 20, 1919), the department of the chief of artillery (order of the army N 56 of February 17, 1919).
Instead of the disbanded department of the chief of supplies, the department of the detachment quartermaster was formed, renamed from June 1 to the department of the corps quartermaster (order for the army N 157 of May 10, 1919).
On the basis of the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Union Socialist Republic N 134 of January 19, 1919, by order of the Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army N 28 of January 26, 1919, the Crimean division was renamed 4 infantry division, as part of the Simferopol officer, Crimean consolidated (former consolidated) pp, Tatar joint venture, four artillery divisions, a personnel squadron of the Crimean cavalry regiment, 2 Taman cavalry regiment. By the same order, 5 infantry divisions were formed as part of the guards consolidated, Melitopol (reformed from a separate battalion), Berdyansk pp, Perekop separate pb, three artillery divisions, a separate horse-mountain battery, and a spare cavalry regiment.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Union Socialist Republic No. 974 dated May 22, 1919, the headquarters of the Crimean-Azov Army was disbanded and turned to the formation of the headquarters of the 3rd Army Corps. The corps included the 4th infantry division (Simferopol officer regiment, the consolidated Crimean regiment, the consolidated regiment 34 infantry division, which was joined by the disbanded Melitopol and Berdyansk infantry regiments and the Perekop infantry battalion, 4 artillery brigade, 4 separate engineering company and a separate cavalry brigade as part of the consolidated regiment Guards Cuirassier Division, transferred from the 5th Infantry Division, 2nd Cavalry Regiment from 3rd Infantry Division, the Composite Regiment of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, the Guards Horse-Mountain Battery.).
A separate cavalry brigade was reorganized into the 2nd cavalry division of a three-brigade structure (Order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Union Socialist Republic N 1285 of June 19, 1919), which was excluded from the corps on July 9 (except for the consolidated dragoon and 2 Taman regiments).
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Russian Union of Youth Union N 2018 dated August 20, 1919, the department of 3 ak was disbanded, the personnel turned to the formation of the headquarters of the commander of the troops of the Novorossiysk region. From the same date, a headquarters was established as part of the departments: the quartermaster general and the general on duty, the inspector of artillery, the head of supplies (with the departments of the heads of the artillery and engineering units and the quartermaster), the head of the sanitary unit, the head of the veterinary unit.
After the evacuation from Odessa to the Crimea, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the All-Union Socialist Revolutionary Party N 2982 of April 8, 1920, the headquarters of the commander of the troops of the Novorossiysk region was disbanded on March 27, 1920.
Commanders: Lieutenant General Baron de Bode (October 10, 1918 - January 6, 1919), General Staff Lieutenant General A. A. Borovsky (January 7 - May 31, 1919), General Staff Lieutenant General S. K. Dobrorolsky (May 31 - May 20 July 1919), Lieutenant General N. N. Schilling (July 20, 1919 - March 27, 1920).
Chiefs of Staff: General Staff Colonel Dorofeev (October 10 - November 29, 1918), General Staff Lieutenant General D. N. Parkhomov (November 29, 1918 - May 12, 1919), General Staff Major General V. V. Chernavin (May 31, 1919 - February 19 1920);
Headquarters location: gg. Yalta, Simferopol, Kerch, st. Seven wells, c. Dzhankoy, Kherson, Odessa, Feodosia.
