Spanish is one of the most popular languages ​​in the world, it is spoken in Spain and in Latin America, although they speak dialects and variations of classical Spanish. Classical Spanish is the basis and is well understood in Peru, Chile, Portugal, Mexico, Cuba and other South American countries. In general, it turns out more than half a billion people in the world. So learning 100 phrases in Spanish will be useful.

Language of Lorca and Cervantes

Spanish sounds beautiful, it is melodic and easy to learn. The spelling and pronunciation are almost identical, it is quite easy to learn it on your own at the level of a tourist. In everyday speech, the Spaniards use about 700-1000 words, of which about 150-200 are verbs. And for tourist purposes, in order not to get lost in the cities of Spain or to understand airport employees, about 100 phrases consisting of 300-350 words are enough.

They are conditionally divided into several groups: words of gratitude and phrases for polite communication, in a restaurant, airport and on the road. You will also need numbers, pronouns and the most popular verbs, designations of directions and names of places, days of the week and time. And also you need to learn the words necessary in difficult and dangerous situations, ask for help or help passers-by.

Sound and pronunciation in Spanish

To speak Spanish, start learning with the basics - phonetics and the alphabet. The language has features and complexities. The Spanish alphabet is almost identical to the English one, with the exception of 1 detail - the letter "Ñ" is added, it reads "n". Otherwise they are the same. Consider the details of the phonetic features of Spanish letters:

• at the beginning of the word, the letter "H" is not pronounced, in the word "Hola!" (hello), it is pronounced "Ola" with the removal of the first vowel;
• in classical Spanish, the letter "C" is often pronounced with a whistle, somewhat similar to the English combination "th";
• the letter "E" is read "E", at this moment foreigners are strongly audible;
• the letter "L" in Spanish is soft;
• basically, words are read as they are written, there are exceptions, but they are few;
• stresses are placed according to the rules, unlike the Russian language - at the end of the word there is a consonant letter (except N and S), then the stress is on the last syllable, the vowel or letters N and S, then on the penultimate one;
• the letter "C" is read "K" in combination with the vowels a, o, u; and "C" - with the letters e, i;
• the letter "G" is read "G" in combination with a, o, u; and with the letters e, i - pronounced "X";

• special combinations "GUE", "GUI" are read as "Ge" and "Gi", and "QUE" and "QUI" - as "Ke" and "Ki";
• the letter "V" is pronounced as the average between "c" and "b";
• the letters "S" and "Z" are read like the Russian "C", and in Spain it is pronounced like "ts".

These features are easy to remember, otherwise the languages ​​are similar and it is not difficult for Russians to learn Spanish and speak it understandably for the natives of Spain.

The difficulty lies in the first 2-3 months of training, when pronunciation is set, at this time it is better to study with a teacher. You can independently instill the wrong sound of some words and combinations of letters, then it is difficult to relearn.

How to learn a foreign language?

Regardless of the country and language, its study should contain certain points and stages, then memorization and understanding will be achieved to the right extent. You can’t learn sentences without knowing how to pronounce individual words, and you can’t start talking without gaining basic knowledge in building phrases. It is best to do everything gradually, including all stages:

• setting pronunciation, studying basic words and sounds - here you can get a dictionary where new phrases and expressions are recorded with transcription and translation;

• solving and performing exercises on phonetics and spelling;
• writing words and expressions to consolidate knowledge with mechanical memory;
• listening to music and watching films in Spanish with subtitles;
• reading books by Spanish authors and translating them - start with simple children's stories familiar to you from childhood, then move on to more complex ones;
• communication with native speakers in chat, social networks, language centers, trips to a Spanish-speaking country.

Skipping any of the stages will negatively affect the speed and completeness of language learning, it is better if everything is in the complex. Communication in Spanish will allow you to put together all the knowledge you have gained and try to reproduce the phrases so that you are understood. This is an opportunity to hear and try to understand real Spanish, because it is very different from the book.

Words of welcome and phrases of gratitude

First of all, write down in your dictionary the words of greeting and farewell, they are the basis for any language and for communication in any country. Spain is no exception, here everyone politely greets in shops, cafes, when meeting acquaintances and friends. As in Russian, in Spanish there are several options for phrases for varying degrees of "kinship" with the interlocutor.

When meeting a friend and well-known peer, you can say ¡Hola! (Ola!) - Hello! But to a stranger or an adult interlocutor they say ¡Buenos días! (Buenos dias!), ¡Buenas tardes! (Buenos tardes!) or ¡Buenas noches! (Buenos noches!), Which translates accordingly to "Good morning/afternoon/night!".

Usually after the greeting I add a polite question “How are you?” or its variations, which do not talk about their problems, just say “Okay! And how are you?" It sounds like this:

¿Que tal? ke tal How are you?
¿Como estas? komo estás How are you?

These two phrases can be used to communicate with an acquaintance or friend, but to a stranger or group of people you should say:

¿Como está? komo está How are you? (if the person is alone), or
¿Como estan? komo estan How are you? (if you are talking to a group of people).

The answer options again depend on the interlocutor:

Bien, ¿y tu? [bean, and tu] Okay, how about you? - so you can say to a friend, but in other options you need this wording:

Bien, gracias ¿y Usted? [bian, grácias and ust] OK, thank you! And you?

In addition to standard greetings, you can use or hear the following phrases: ¿Qué tal la vida/ el trabajo/ la familia/ los estudios? (que tal la vida/el trabajo/la familia/los estudios), which means – How is your life/work/family/study?

In response to these phrases, you can answer the standard “Bien!”, Or you can diversify communication:

• ¡Excellent! (excellent) Great!
• ¡Muy bien! (mui bian) Very good!
• Mas o menos. (mas o manos) More or less.
• Regular. (rregular) Fine.
• Mal. (mal) Bad.
• Muymal. (mui mal) Very bad.
• fatal. (fatal) Terrible.

But after these phrases, polite Spaniards will start asking questions and demanding details, if you are not ready for this, then limit yourself to the standard wording.

You can say goodbye or wish a good day with a famous phrase

• "¡Chao! (chao) Bye!” or “¡Adios! (adyos) Bye! Goodbye!" if the interlocutors are older than you or unfamiliar, then it is better to choose one of these:

• ¡Hasta luego! asta luego Goodbye!
• ¡Hasta pronto! asta pronto See you soon!
• ¡Hasta mañana! asta manana See you tomorrow!
• Nos vemos. nos vemos See you soon! See you.

If suddenly you are faced with a complete misunderstanding of the interlocutor, then you can tell him about it in the following words:

• No entiendo But entiendo I don't understand.
• Mas despacio, por favor. Mas despacio, por favor Could you speak slower?
• No comprendo. But comprendo I don't understand.

These words are quite enough to look like a polite person when communicating with residents in the cities of Spain. With difficulties in understanding, you can switch to English, if it is easier for you to select phrases in this language, besides, you can meet Russian-speaking people, there are a lot of them in all countries of Europe and Latin America.

The right words if you don't know the way

The Spaniards are quite responsive and will gladly show the way to the tourist, but you should know how to ask her and what they can answer you. In order not to memorize complex phrases and phrases, 3 options are enough and you will be understood:

Where is…

I need…

For example, you need to ask for directions to a bank or a hotel, you can ask a question like this:

• ¿Dónde está la calle/un banco/un hotel? (Dongde esta la saye/un banko/un hotel?) – Where is the street/bank/hotel?
• Yo necesito la estación de ferrocarril. (yo nesesito la estacion de ferrocarril) - I need a train station.

Other options that you can use to find the road:

¿Como llego a…? - How can I get to…?
¿Qué tan lejos es…? - How far is...?

In response, they may offer you a map or show you the direction, or they may explain in detail how to get there and where to turn, for this the following expressions are used:

• Right side, to the right (a la derecha) a la derecha;
• Left side, to the left (a la izquierda) a la izquierda;
• Straight ahead (derecho) derecho;
• On the corner (en la esquina) en la esquina;
• Far (Lehos) Lejos;
• Near/near (Sirka) Cerca;
• One/two/three/four blocks (a una cuadra/a dos,/tres/cuatro cuadras) a una cuadra/a dos/tres/cuatro cuadras

Even if you do not understand the Spanish answer well, you can ask to repeat it again or say that you do not understand. As a rule, they will be happy to draw a map, guide you to a place or explain in more detail and more clearly.

In Spain, they treat tourists well and are happy when you manage to pronounce words correctly. They will help you on the street and in the store, and the police officers, while on duty, also take you to the right place.

Phrases for emergency situations

Unforeseen situations can happen to anyone, no one is immune from this. Help may be needed by you or your friends, as well as a person on the street. You don't walk past people in trouble just because you don't know how to call a doctor in Spanish, do you? Traveling with children often requires a quick response to the situation and finding the right phrase in a phrasebook or online translator will make it very difficult to solve the problem. What are the basic phrases you may need to find help:

• ¡Ayudame! (Ayudame!) Help me!
• Help! (Socorro!) Socorro!
• Stop! (stop!) (Pare!) Pare!
• Necesito un doctor/ dentista/ oficial de policia. - I need a doctor / dentist / policeman.
• ¿Hay una farmacía cerca? - Is there a pharmacy nearby?
• ¿Puedo utilizar su telefono? - Can I use your phone?
• ¡Llame a la policia/ambulancia/los bomberos! (Yame a-lapolisia/a-unambulancia/a-los bomberos!) - Call the police/ambulance/firefighters!
• Fire! (fuego) Fuego!
• I'm lost. (me e perdido) Me he perdido.

These phrases will be enough to ask for help from passers-by in an emergency. If you know them by heart, then perhaps this will save someone's life or health and make your trip much calmer and safer.

As a conclusion!

Spanish is a beautiful, sonorous and musical language, it is pleasant and easy to learn it. Phrases for tourists are just the beginning, the tip of the iceberg, and a real understanding of this music will come after a year or two of mastering it. When you can understand the interlocutor, and not guess by gestures what they told you, when you can watch Spanish films without subtitles and translation, then you can confidently go to a foreign country and enjoy its culture and inner world.

Where can you learn Spanish:

1. Language schools, courses and individual lessons with a teacher are the most popular way and the most productive.
2. Online programs and smartphone apps for self-study are long and require self-discipline.
3. Video and audio lessons, exercises and tasks in the network and books - will require specialist correction or help at the initial level.
4. Visiting a country or communicating with native speakers is fast, but it will only give you spoken language, they will not teach you to read and write there.

If learning Spanish is your dream, then supplement your studies with reading the history of the country, books by national authors, searching for information about its culture and features. Then the picture will be more complete. If you need a language to get the job done, deepen your study of technical knowledge, specialized words. To do this, you will need special literature, magazines, newspapers, websites and blogs on the topics you need, and you should start studying them only after you have completed the basic part.

Classes can take from six months to infinity, depending on the intensity and density of classes, the degree of immersion in learning, repetition of acquired knowledge and the addition of new words and phrases.

We have compiled a Spanish tourist phrasebook so that you can use simple combinations of words to form a simple question and understand a simple answer. With the help of our phrasebook, you will not be able to participate in a philosophical discussion or discuss an event.

In our Russian-Spanish phrasebook, intended for tourists, we have collected those words and expressions that we ourselves used. Just what you need to communicate.

Hasta la vista, baby!

I must say right away that Galya and I do not speak Spanish, only spoken English. But before the trip, as always, we learned phrases that help simple communications. By the way, you can study the course "Fast entry to Spanish" and fly to Spain already prepared.

Some, of course, we knew. Among such well-known phrases were the famous words: “Hasta la vista, baby.” Naively, we believed that this was a common farewell. Many Spanish phrasebooks we found on the Internet reported that "Hasta la vista" is "goodbye."

Naturally, we applied our “knowledge of Spanish” at the first opportunity. Imagine our amazement when the owner of the house in Santander, where we booked a pretty room on the second floor, turned pale and agitated. We were going for a walk around the city and said goodbye to him in the way we know - "Hasta la vista". Instead of "baby" we, of course, inserted his name.

Deciding that our pronunciation was not clear enough, we once again said goodbye together. This time more clearly and loudly, so that the Spaniard understood us for sure.

He was stunned and began to ask what we did not like so much in his house. I had to resort to the application described above.

Soon we learned that we were saying goodbye to the owner forever. He decided that we would never return...

Conclusion: Spaniards almost never use this phrase. Here's "goodbye" to you! Just say "Adios!" And, of course, smile)

Another useful word that we often heard from the Spaniards when asked how to get to a boring place for us is “rotonda”.

Rotunda - a place on the road where a roundabout is made. We have more common intersections, and in Spain - roundabouts (thus they get rid of unnecessary traffic lights). Naturally, it is more convenient to indicate the direction in which Galya and I are moving from some point. In 80% it was a rotunda (circle).

I must say that even with a map of the city in hand, it is not easy to navigate in Spain, because. they very rarely write street names on houses. The most convenient in this regard is Germany. In Germany, street names are on every pole and with directions.

Check . You need to know at least a little the names of the numbers. It is best to have a notepad and pen handy. When you buy something, calmly ask to write down the cost in a notebook.

The phrase "speak slower, I don't understand Spanish well" helps.

Another personal observation. In Russia, we often turn to strangers with the words: “Excuse me ... or Excuse me, how can I get through ...” In Spanish, the word por favor (por favor) - please recommend using before contacting. For example, on the street. "Por favor (please, in our sense," excuse me please), and then the question is how to get to Torres Street (for example).

We have noticed that almost all Spaniards exclaim "¡Hola!" (Ola). But beggars and beggars, just addressing, pronounce "porfavor". Maybe Galya and I came across such polite beggars, maybe we were just lucky and this is an accident, but we decided to pronounce the word “por favor” in specific situations - in a store or in personal communication, already in the process of communication, and on the street turn to people with the greeting "¡Hola!" But this is only our observation.

Friends, now we are in Telegram: our channel about Europe, our channel about Asia. Welcome)

How to learn Spanish in a week

Recently found a funny video showing how you can learn Spanish in a week. The results are amazing!

Russian Spanish phrasebook for tourists

Required words

Spanish greetings

Hey!	hola	ola
Good morning	buenos dias	Buenos dias
Good afternoon	buen dia	buen dia
Good evening	Buenas tardes	Buenas tardes
Goodnight	buenas nights	buenas noches
Goodbye)	adios	adios
See you later	hasta luego	asta luego
How are you doing?	como esta usted?	komo esta usted?
Great (great). And you?	Muy bien. Y usted?	Mui bien. And usted?

Difficulties in understanding

I don't understand	no comprendo	But comprendo
I'm lost	Me he perdido	Me e perdido
I understand	Comprendo	comprendo
You understand?	¿ Comprende usted?	Comprende usted?
May I ask you?	¿Le puedo preguntar?	Le puedo preguntar?
Can you speak slowly?	¿Podria usted hablar más despacio?	Podria usted ablar mas despacio? Mas despacio, porfavor (short version).
Please repeat	Repitan por favor	Rapitan por favor
Can you write it?	¿Me lo puede escribir?	Me le puede escrivir?

In the town

Railway station / train station	La estacion de trenes	La estacion de trenes
Bus station	La estacion de autobuses	La estacion de autobuses
Tourist office or tourist information	La oficina de turismo	La officeina de turismo or Tourist information
City hall / town hall	El ayuntamiento	El ayuntamiento
Library	La biblioteca	La libraryteca
The park	El parque	El park
Garden	El jardin	El hardin
city ​​wall	La muralla	La muraya
Tower	la torre	La torre
The street	La calle	la caye
Square	La Plaza	la plaza
Monastery	El monasterio / el convento	El monasterio / el combento
House	La casa	La casa
Castle	El palacio	El palacio
Lock	El castillo	El castillo
Museum	El Museo	El Museo
basilica	La basilica	la basilica
Art Gallery	El museo del arte	El Museo delarte
Cathedral	La catedral	la cathedral
Church	La iglesia	La iglesia
Tobacconist's	Los tabacos	Los tabacos
Tourist agency	La agencia de viajes	La-ahensia de vyahes
Shoe store	La zapateria	La sapateria
Supermarket	El supermercado	El supermercado
hypermarket	El hipermercado	El hypermercado
Market	El Mercado	El mercado
Salon	La peluqueria	la pelukeria
How much are the tickets?	Cuanto valen las entradas?	Quanto valen las entradas?
Where can you buy tickets?	Donde se puede comprar entradas?	Donde se puede comprar entradas?
When is the museum open?	Cuando se abre el museo?	Cuando se abre el museo?
Where is?	Donde esta?	Donde esta?

Taxi

Where can I get a taxi?	Donde puedo tomar un taxi?	Donde puedo tomar un taxi
What's the rate to...?	Cuanto es la tarifa a...?	Quanto es la tari...
Take me to this address	Lleveme a estas senas	Lieveme a estas senyas
Take me to the airport	Lleveme al Aeropuerto	Lleveme al Aeropuerto
Take me to the train station	Lleveme a la estacion de ferrocarril	Lleveme a la estación de ferrocarril
Take me to the hotel	Lleveme al hotel...	Lievame al hotel
near/near	Cerca	Sirka
Far	Lejos	Lehos
Straight	Todo recto	Todo-rrecto
Left	a la izquierda	A la ischierda
Right	a la derecha	A la derecha
Stop here please	Pare aqui, por favor	Pare aka por favor
Could you please wait for me?	Puede esperarme, por favor	Puede esperarme porfavor

Hotel

2 (3, 4, 5-) star	De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estrellas)	De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estreyas
Hotel	El hotel	El hotel
I have reserved a room	Tengo una habitacion reservada	Tengo una-habitacion rreservada
Key	La llave	la yave
receptionist	El botones	El botones
Room with square/palace view	Habitacion que da a la plaza / al palacio	Habitacion que da a la plaza / al palacio
Room overlooking the courtyard	Habitacion que da al patio	Habitacion que da al pacho
Room with bath	Habitacion con bano	Habitacion con bagno
Single Room	Habitacion individual	Habitation individual
Double Room	Habitacion con dos camas	Habitacion con dos camas
With double bed	Con cama de matrimonio	Konkama de matrimonio
Two bedroom suite	Habitacion doble	Habitacion doble
Do you have a free room?	Tienen una habitacion libre?	Tieneng unabitacion libre?

Shopping / Requests

Could you give me this?	Puede darme esto?	Puede darme esto
Could you show me this?	Puede usted ensenarme esto?	Puede usted ensenyarme esto
Could you help me?	Puede usted ayudarme?	Puede usted ayudarme
I would like to...	Quisiera...	Kisier
Give it to me please	Demelo, por favor	Demelo por favor
show it to me	Ensenemelo	Ensenemelo
How much is it?	Cuanto cuesta esto?	Quanto questa esto
What is the price?	Cuanto es?	Quanto es
Too expensive	Muy caro	Mui caro
Sale	Rebajas	Rebajas
Can I measure this?	Puedo probarmelo?	Puedo probarmelo

Restaurant/cafe/grocery store

Order/menu

Dish of the day	El plateau del dia	El plateau del dia
Complex lunch	menu del dia	mainu del dia
Menu	La carta / el menu	La carta / el manu
Waiter / ka	Camarero/camarera	Camarero / Camarera
I am a vegetarian	soy vegetariano	Soi vekhetaryano.
I want to book a table.	Quiero reservar una mesa	Kyero rreservar una-mesa.
Do you have a table for two (three, four) people?	Tienen una mesa para dos (tres, cuatro) personas?	Tienen unamesa para-dos (tres, cuatro) personas?
The check, please.	La cuenta, por favor	La cuenta, por favor
Wine list	La carta de vinos	La carta de vinos
The drinks	Bebidas	babydas
Snacks	Los entremeses	Los Entremeses
Tapas/Snacks (National)	Tapas	tapas
Breakfast	El desayuno	El desayuno
Dinner	La comida / el almuerzo	La comida / el almuerzo
First course	El primer plateau	El primer plateau
Soup	Sopa	sopa
Dinner	La cena	La sena
Dessert	El Postre	El postre

The drinks

Coffee	Cafe	cafe
Tea	Te	Tae
Water	Agua	Agua
Wine	Vino	Wine
Red wine	Vino tinto	Wine tinto
Pink wine	Vino rosado	Wine rrosado
White wine	Vino blanco	Wine blanco
Sherry	Jerez	Heres
Beer	Cerveza	Serves
Orange juice	Zumo de naranja	Sumo de naranha
Milk	Leche	Leche
Sugar	Azucar	Asucar

Dishes

Meat	carne	carnet
Veal	Ternera	Turner
Pork	Cerdo	cardo
semidone	Poco hecho	Poco echo
Properly fried	Muy hecho	Mui-echo
Vegetable stew	Menestra	Mainestra
Paella	Paella	Paella
Cake / pie	Tarta	Tarta
Cake(s)	pastels / pasteles	Pastel / pasteles
Ice cream	Helado	Elado

Products

Bread	Pan	Pan
Toast (fried bread)	Tostadas	Tostadas
Egg	Huevo	uevo
Butter	Mantequilla	Mantequiya
Cheese	Queso	Kaso
sausages	Salchichas	Salchichas
Smoked ham	Jamon Serrano	Jamon serrano
Apple(s)	Manzana/manzanas	Mansana / manzanas
orange(s)	Naranja / naranjas	Naranja / naranjas
Lemon	Lemon	Lemon
fruit / fruits	Fruta / frutas	Fruta
Dried fruits	frutos secos	Frutos sekos
Meat	carne	carnet
Veal	Ternera	Turner
Sauce	salsa	salsa
Vinegar	Vinagre	Vinagre
Salt	Sal	sal
Sugar	Azucar	Asucar

Seafood

Dishes

Useful words

Good	Bueno	Bueno
Bad	Little	Few
Enough / Enough	Bastante	Bastante, you can add the word - finita
Cold	Frio	Frio
Hot	Caliente	Caliente
Little	Pequeno	Paqueño
Large	Grande	grande
What?	Que?	Ke?
There	Alli	Ayi
Elevator	Ascensor	Assensor
Toilet	Servicio	Servisio
Closed/Closed	Cerrado	Cerrado
open/open	Abierto	Avierto
No smoking	Prohibido fumar	Proivido fumar
Entrance	Entrada	entrada
Output	Salida	Salida
Why?	Porque?	Spanking?

Check

Just in case, you should have a notebook on hand and write down the numbers, especially when it comes to payment. Write the amount, show, specify.

You can specify the numbers with the words:

zero	cero	sero
one	uno	uno
two	dos	dos
three	tres	tres
four	cuatro	quattro
five	cinco	sinco
six	seis	seis
seven	siete	siete
eight	ocho	ocho
nine	new	Nueve
ten	diez	ten

So, you can call your hotel room not 405 (four hundred and five), but by numbers: quattro, sero, cinco. You will be understood.

Dates and times

When?	Cuando?	Kuando?
Tomorrow	Manana	Manyana
Today	Hoy	Ouch
Yesterday	Ayer	Ayer
Late	Tardet	Arde
Early	Temprano	Temprano
Morning	La manana	la magnana
Evening	La tarde	La tarde

Emergencies

Call the fire department!	Llame a los bomberos!	Yame a los bomberos!
Call the police!	Llame a la police!	Yame a-lapolisia!
Call an ambulance!	Llame a una ambulancia!	Yame a-unambulansya!
Call a doctor!	Llame a un medico!	Yame a-umediko
Help!	Socorro!	Socorro!
Stop! (stop!)	Pare!	Pare!
Pharmacy	Farmacia	Pharmacy
Doctor	Medico	Medico

Spanish Dialogue Example

Of course, during a conversation it is inconvenient to go into a phrasebook and read. Some words are worth learning. You can prepare questions in a notebook. In extreme cases, you can poke your finger into a printed phrasebook.

Here is an example of a dialogue compiled from this phrasebook:

- Ola (greeting)

- Me he perdido (I'm lost). Puede usted ayudarme? (could you help me?) Donde esta? (where is) La calle (street) …. Torres?

With this phrasebook you asked a question. Now the most important thing begins: you need to understand the answer.

1. Show the map of the city
2. If there is no map, take a notepad and a pen
3. Ask, feel free to:

— ¿Podria usted hablar más despacio? (can you speak slowly). No comprendo! (I don't understand). Repitan por favor (repeat please). ¿Me lo puede escribir? (Can you write it? In our case, draw it).

1. Ask again and clarify:

- Lejos (far?) Todo recto (straight?) A la izquierda (left?) A la derecha (right?)

2. Watch your hands and facial expressions
3. At the end, do not forget to say:

Muchas gracias (thank you very much). Adios (goodbye!)

Before going to Spain, Galya and I watched the lessons

« Polyglot. Spanish from scratch in 16 hours " (Channel "Culture")

Sincerely,

Just like in any other country in the world, the interest of tourists in the national language is perceived by the local population as a sign of respect.

I offer a set of useful phrases for tourists in Spain.

SPANISH LANGUAGE

BASIC WORDS AND PHRASES

hola- ola- Hello hi.

adios- adios- bye, bye. Instead of "adios" they also say "hasta luego" - ásta luego- "see you later".

por favor - pore favor- please in the sense of "be kind."

gracias- grácias- Thank you.

si- si- Yes; no- but- No. In case of refusal of something proposed, it is customary to say “but, gracias”, in case of agreement to something proposed - “si, por favor”

perdon- fart- I'm sorry. It is used as a request to forgive, as a request to repeat what was said and as a way to attract attention (a polite form of “hey, you!”

vale- bale– ok, no hablo español is fine – but áblo espanol- I do not speak Spanish.

SPANISH: SHOPPING

estoy mirando- Estonian Mirando Literally, "I'm watching." Example: "estóy mirándo grácias" ("I'm still looking at what's available (I haven't chosen yet), thanks")

queria eso - keria eso- I would like that. A universal phrase for any stores, combined with the use of the index finger, it saves you from having to remember the names of items. In some phrasebooks, instead of “keria” (“would like”), it is suggested to say “kyero” (“I want”), this is less polite, so they usually do not say this.

y- and- and. Exactly the same as in Russian. Example: "keria eso i eso" ("I would like this and that")

cuanto vale? - quanto bále?- what is the price? The second universal phrase for shops. By combining it with "queria eso", you will actually become fluent in Spanish in terms of shopping. Options: "Keria eso, kuánto bále, por favour?" "Quanto bále eso, por favour?"

probarme- probarma- try on yourself, a single-root word with the Russian "test". Example: “keria probárme eso, por favór” (“please, I would like to try this on”)

probadores - probadores- fitting booths. Example: "probadores, por favour?" equivalent to "please, where is the fitting room here?"

mirar- miar- look, look. Example: “keria mirár eso” (“I would like to look at that little thing over there”)

tarjeta- tarheta- card. Example: "con tarheta?" (“Can I pay by card?”)

en effective - en efficient- in cash. The cashier at the store usually asks how you will pay: in cash or by card. He does this in the following way: "con tarheta o en effective?"

SPANISH: BAR, RESTAURANT

la carta - la carta- menu, list of dishes. The word “menu” as such is often understood as a request to bring not a list of dishes, but a set lunch, so it’s better not to use it as a menu request

tiene menu? - chiene menu? Do you have set meals? Sometimes at first glance it is not clear whether this cafeteria offers set meals (menu del dia), and you have to ask. Taking a set lunch, of course, is always cheaper than ordering the same dishes separately.

sinhielo- blue yelo- without ice. A very important phrase when ordering soft drinks. The fact is that by default they are in most cases served with ice, while ice occupies from a third to a half of the useful volume of a glass. In any case, your drink will be served cold. Example: “ýna fanta sin yélo, por favour!” – “fantu without ice, please!”

del timepo - del tempo– room temperature. Example: "ýna coca-cola del tempo, por favour!" (“not a cold Coke, please!”)

bien-hecho- bien echo- well-done (about meat). If you order meat “in a piece” in a restaurant and do not like it when it is bloody (in a number of dishes it is usually not fried to a “crust”), when ordering, say this magic phrase, and the tenderloin will be guaranteed to be well fried. Some phrasebooks suggest using "muy echo" (" muy echo"), which literally means "very fried". It’s better not to say that, otherwise there is a risk that, according to the request, they will bring you practically a “sole”. If, on the contrary, you like meat with blood, when ordering, say "poco hecho" (" poco echo«)

cana- cana- a glass of beer. It is a glass or a glass (gram 250), and it is beer. Examples: "ýna kánya, por favour!" (“a glass of beer, please!”) “dos canas, por favor!” (“a couple of beers, please!”)

jarra- harra- mug of beer. Example: “ýna kharra grande, por favour!” ("big mug, please!").

cerveza- service- beer. For example: “ýna harra de servésa, por favour!” (“Mug of beer, please!”)

wine - wine– wine, by default – red. Stress on the first syllable. Example: "ýna kópa (dos kópas) de wine, por favour!" (“a glass (two glasses) of wine, please!”)

tinto- tinto– red

rosado- rosado– pink

blanco- blanco- white. Example: "ýna copa de vino blanco, por favour!" (“a glass of white wine, please!”)

agua - água - water.

cafe- cafe- coffee.

cafe solo cafe solo- black coffee

cafe cortado - cafe cortado– coffee with a little milk

cafe con leche cafe con léche– black coffee half-and-half with milk

capuchino - cappuccino - cappuccino

te- te- tea

servicios- servisios – toilet. Example: "los servicios, por favour?" (“Where is the toilet, please?”). The toilet is also denoted by the words lavabo and aseo, but "servisios" is easier to remember

cuenta- quanta- check. Example: "la cuenta, por favor!" ("The check, please!").

SPANISH: AT THE HOTEL

Tiene plancha? - tiene plancha- Do you have an iron?

habitacion - habitacion- room, hotel room.

quería una habitación - keria una habitacion- I would like to rent a room

double- doble- room for two. Example: "queria ýna habitacón double, por favour" ("please, I would like to rent a room for two")

individual - individual- number for one

SPANISH: NUMBER 0 to 10

0 – cero- sero; one - uno– ýno; 2- dos- dos; 3- tres- tres;

4 – cuatro- cuattro; 5 - cinco- sinco; 6- seis– seis;

7 – siete- siete; eight - ocho- ocho; nine - new- Nueve; ten - diez- des.

SPANISH: TRANSPORT, MOVEMENT

pasa por- past time- goes through, goes to. Example: "pasa por plasa Catalunya?" (“Does [this bus, etc.] go to Plaça Catalunya?”)

pare aqui - pare aki- stop here. The phrase is more for a taxi.

estacion - station- station. Estación de autobuses estacion de autobuses- bus; estación de trenes estacion de trenes– railway

litro- liter- liter. Example: “beinte litros, por favour!” ("twenty liters, please")

lleno- yeno- full. Example: "yéno, por favour!" ("Fill it up, please!")

In order to ask the question “how to get there”, it’s enough just to name the right place with an interrogative intonation and the same “por favor”. For example: “estacion de trenes, por favour?” (“please, how do I get to the train station?”). Or “Plaza Catalunya, por favour?” (“please, how do you get to Plaça Catalunya?”)

You have booked a ticket. Your luggage is already packed. You can't wait to start your journey in a country where everyone speaks Spanish.

There is another simple thing you can do that will come in handy on your trip: learn a few Spanish phrases! Travel will definitely be much more fun and rewarding if you can communicate with native speakers.

In this article, we have selected the most popular Spanish phrases that will help you “survive” your trip.

greetings

Hispanic culture is based on a cult of courtesy, you should also always be courteous and say "hello" and "how are you?" And don't worry about making mistakes, others will do their best to understand you and make sure you understand them. Just try your best and they will be happy to see your efforts.

• Good morning - Buenos dias(Buenos dias)
• Good afternoon - Buenas tardes(buenas tardes)
• Good evening - Buena nights(buenas noches)
• Hola (hola) is "hello". You can say hello to people you already know.
• ¿Como está?(komo esta) - a way to ask “how are you?” in case you don't know the person, ¿Como estas?(como estas) - if you know him.
• If they ask you “how are you?”, answer “ok, thank you” - bien, gracias(bien, gracias) because you are also a polite person.
• Never forget keywords: please - por favor(por favor) - and thank you - gracias(gracias).
• When you introduce yourself to someone, you say “Mucho gusto”(much thickly), and you will hear the same in response. It means "nice to meet you".
• If you suddenly run into an insurmountable language barrier, switch to universal English, just make sure with your interlocutor: ¿Habla ingles?(Abla Ingles)? - Do you speak English?

Useful Basic Vocabulary

In everyday communication, even the simplest words and phrases to remember will come in handy. You can always use "I want", "I like", "Do you have...?", and if you don't know how to complete a phrase (for example, you can't remember the right noun), just point to the subject.

• I want, I don't want Yo quiero, yo no quiero(yo kyero, yo no kyero)
• I would like (more politely) - Me gustaria(me Gustaria)
• Where is? - ¿Donde está?(dongde esta)?
• What is the price? - ¿Cuánto cuesta?(cuanto cuesta)?
• What time is it? - ¿Que hora es?(ke ora es)?
• You have? - ¿Tiene?(tiene)?
• I have, I don't have Yo tengo, yo no tengo(yo tengo, yo no tengo)
• I understand, I don't understand Yo entiendo, yo no entiendo(yo entiendo, yo no entiendo)
• You understand - ¿Entiende?(entiende)?

Simple verb forms: where is, I want, I need

You can express many thoughts and requests using simple verb forms. The important thing is that you can say a lot of things using "I want", "I need", "I can", "I could" or "where is" and then just adding a noun. It may not be so easy for you, but you will definitely be understood.

• I want a ticket, a hotel, a taxi - Yo quiero un boleto, un hotel, un taxi(yo kyero un boleto, un hotel, un taxi)

How can I get there?

If you're a little confused or not sure how to get somewhere, you need a few simple phrases to help you find your way. "Where is?" in Spanish it sounds like “¿dónde está?” (dongde esta?), let's see this question in action based on a few examples:

• Where is the railway station? - ¿Dónde está la estación de ferrocarril?(donde esta la estación de ferrocarril) or “autobuses” (autobuses).
• Where is the restaraunt? - ¿Dónde está un restaurante?(donde esta un restaurante)?
  - A train? - ¿Untren?(un tren)?
  - The street …? - ¿La calle...?(la sai)?
  - Bank? - ¿Un banco?(un banco)?
• I am looking for the restroom. - ¿Dónde está el baño?– (donde esta el banyo)?
• I want a hotel, I want a hotel with a bathroom Yo quiero un hotel, yo quiero un hotel con baño(Ye kyero un hotel, yeo kyero un hotel kon banyo)
• I need - Yo necesito(yo nesesito). Very useful phrase, just add the noun:
  Yo necesito un hotel, un cuarto, un cuarto con baño– (yo neseshito un hotel, un quarto son banyo)
• Where is the exchange office located? where is the bank located? - ¿Dónde está una casa de cambio?(donde esta una casa de cambio);
  ¿Dónde está el banco?(donde esta el banco)?
• Money - Dinero (dinero).

Driving directions

Once you ask a question about how to get somewhere, you will hear the answer in Spanish. Remember the Spanish for a few simple directions someone might give you, such as telling you to turn right or left or go straight ahead. Heed these keywords:

• Right side - a la derecha(a la derecha)
• Left-hand side - a la izquierda(a la izkjerda)
• Straight ahead - derecho(derecho)
• On the corner - en la esquina(en la aeskina)
• One, two, three, four blocks a una cuadra, a dos, tres, cuatro cuadras- (a una cuadra, a dos, tres, cuatro cuadras)

In a restaurant: what do you want to eat or drink?

These are probably the phrases you will need the most when you are in a restaurant. Order something with the help of someone you already know "quiero"(kyero) or "quisiera"(kissera) - “I want” or “I would like.” And don't forget to say “por favor” and "gracias"!

• Table - Una mesa(una mesa)
• Table for two, three, four Una mesa para dos tres, cuatro(una mesa para dos, tres, cuatro)
• Menu - Un menu(ung menu)
• Soup - Sopa(sopa)
• Salad - Ensalada(ensalada)
• Hamburger (also a must!) Hamburguesa(amburgesa)
• With ketchup, mustard, tomato, lettuce - Con salsa de tomate, mostaza, tomate, lechuga- (con salsa de tomate, mostaza, tomate, lechuga)
• Snack - Una entrada(una entrada)
• Dessert - Un postre(un postre)
• Drink - Una bebida(una babyda)
• Water - Agua(agua)
• Red wine, white wine Vino tinto(bino tinto), wine blanco(bino blanco)
• Beer - Cerveza(serveza)
• Coffee - un café(un cafe)
• Call the waiter or waitress - ¡Señor! or ¡Señorita!(senor or senorita)
• Check - La cuenta(la cuenta)

Miscellaneous information

• Credit cards. Many places in small towns still don't accept credit cards, so make sure you have enough cash with you. You can ask if credit card is accepted, - una tarjeta de credito(una tarheta de credito). If you have questions, you can always use nouns as a question. For example, you can take out a credit card and ask ¿Tarjeta de credito? They will understand.
• Universal word: no funciona(but functional) - no, it doesn't work. You can use this in many other circumstances. Just point to the shower or whatever and say: “¡No funciona!”
• Practice saying everything out loud, so, firstly, you will remember some phrases without having to "peep" them, and secondly, you will learn to pronounce them quickly and, at the same time, smoothly. Simply listening to the person speaking will also help you understand people.
• Take a small pocket dictionary with you. Of course, you do not want to look for the right verb conjugation in the middle of a conversation, but you will always find the right noun quickly. Download such a dictionary before the trip, it will definitely help out more than once.

1 - uno (uno)
2 - dos (dos)
3 - tres (tres)
4 - cuatro (quatro)
5 - cinco (sinko)
6 - seis (seis)
7 - siete (siete)
8 - ocho (ocho)
9 - nueve (nueve)
10 - diez (diez)

P.S. You will learn more useful phrases in the online course.

Vocabulary to learn before traveling to Spain

Essential Spanish phrases that will save your life

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When planning a trip to the Pyrenees, do not think that you will get by with knowledge of English - a very small percentage of Spaniards speak this language, so travelers often find themselves in situations like in that joke "my friend does not understand."

We hope our readers will definitely not get into such a mess, because tochka.net prepared a small dictionary for them.

1. Basic Spanish Phrases - General Rules

Never hesitate to speak Spanish with Spaniards, even if your knowledge of the language is reduced to a primitive minimum. Even simple words "hello-bye" or "how are you, friend" will be enough to win over the Spaniards. Remember that in Spanish there is no reduction of sounds, i.e. All vowels must be pronounced clearly, whether they are stressed or not. Otherwise, you may not be understood or understood differently than you would like.

• Also remember that the sound of the letter "H" (ache) in Spanish is not pronounced. For example, the greeting hola is pronounced "ola".
• The letter v in Spanish is read as "b", or rather something in between "b" and "c".

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1. Basic Spanish phrases - greetings and polite words

• hola ("ola")- Hi Hello. Sometimes it may seem that the Spaniards were born with this word on their lips. They greet everyone constantly and with everyone: acquaintances, strangers, in a store, cafe, etc.
• por favor ("por favor")- please. Any request of a well-mannered person by Spanish standards of etiquette should be accompanied by this phrase.
• gracias ("gracias")- Thank you. Pay attention to the pronunciation, "gracias" is correct.
• si ("yes"), no ("no"). In this country, it is customary to use "no, gracias", "si, por favor".
• vale ("bale")- ok, fit
• adios ("adios")- goodbye, bye. In Spain, it is customary to always say goodbye to everyone with this word. Often also use hasta luego ("asta luego"). "Asta la vista" is now not used in most regions, although everyone understands it.

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1. Basic Spanish phrases - in a restaurant

• la carta ("la carte")- menu, list of dishes. If you say "menu, por favor", they may misunderstand and bring a set lunch.
• sin hielo ("sin hielo")- without ice. A very useful and important phrase. So, if you don’t specify, you will most likely be served a drink with ice, which will take up from a third to a half of the volume of the glass. Therefore, immediately when ordering, specify: "una cola sin yelo, por favor" - cola without ice, please.
• cerveza ("serves")- beer. Word jarra ("harra") means mug. However, if you say, for example, "una jarra grande, por favor", it immediately implies that you are ordering a large mug of beer. If the waiter does not really understand you, say "una jarra de servesa, por favour" - a mug of beer, please.
• vino ("wine")- wine (accent on the first syllable). If you don't specify which one, the default is red. For example, "una copa de wine, por favor!" - a glass of wine, please. "Dos Copas" - two glasses.
• cenicero ("senicero")- ashtray. Ask the waiter: "el senicero, por favor" - please, bring an ashtray.
• servicios ("services")- toilet. To know how to ask "where is the toilet" learn the following "los servicios, por favor?" Also the words "toilet" mean lavabo and aseo.
• cuenta ("cuenta")- check. "Bill, please" in Spanish would sound like this: "la cuenta, por favour."

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1. Basic Spanish phrases - in store

• estoy mirando ("estoy mirando")- I look. A special phrase for the overly accommodating salespeople who have taken a liking to you with a desire to help. Say "estoy mirando, gracias" in response, which means "I'm still looking at what you have, but I haven't chosen yet, thanks." A win-win option is to stay kind and get rid of the seller.
• cuanto vale? ("cuanto balle?")- what is the price? If you use it with queria eso "queria eso", in Spanish shopping you will feel like a fish in water. You can also ask: "Keria eso, kuanto bale, por favor?", "kuanto bale eso, por favor?"
• probarme - ("probarme")- try on yourself. If you ask: "keria probarme, por favor" means "please, I would like to try on this clothes."
• probadores ("probadores")- dressing room. Ask, "probadores, por favour," and they'll tell you where the fitting booth is.
• tarjeta ("tarheta")- card. "Kon tarheta" would mean "can I pay with a card".
• en efectivo ("en efficient")- cash. At the checkout in stores you will be asked "con tarheta o en effective?" - Would you like to pay by card or cash?

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1. Basic Spanish phrases - note

• linda ("Linda"), guapa ("guapa")- beautiful, cute. If you want to compliment a Spanish woman, use these exact words.
• Spaniards often use affectionate words, adding the softening suffix -ita. For example, mamasita ("mamasita") - mommy, gordita ("proud") - plump, solecito ("solesito")- sun.

1. Basic Spanish Phrases - Emergencies

• ayúdeme ("ayudeme")- help me
• llame ("lyame")- call
• policia ("policy")- police. For example, in an emergency, shout: "llame a la police" - "call the police."
• urgencias ("urgensias")- Ambulance
• llame a un médico ("llame a un medico")- Call a doctor
• me siento mal ("me siento mal")- I feel bad

1. Basic Spanish phrases - funny phrases

• Te he traído la grasa- I brought you fat. Knowing this phrase in Spanish, perhaps, will touch any inhabitant of the Pyrenees.
• Mañana ("manyana")- tomorrow. Do not be surprised, but remember this word. The Spaniards simply adore it and use it at every turn, as if following the principle: "Why do something today, if it can be done tomorrow?"
• Me encanta sangria ("me encanta sangria")- I love sangria. Sangria is the delicious national drink of the Spaniards.

Spanish for tourists. Useful phrases from everyday life: