A comparative description of Assol and the table will give you the most complete understanding of what kind of heroes they were, what goals they pursued, where they came from and what they were in character. Especially for this, we have prepared for you a small but meaningful table that most fully reveals these two characters from the work ""

We hope that such a short comparative description will help you better understand the main characters. Good luck!

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Characteristics of the hero

KHOR - the hero of the story by I. S. Turgenev "Khor and Kalinich" (1847) from the series "Notes of a Hunter". This is one of the most interesting peasant types in Russian literature. He personifies a healthy practical principle: being a quitrent peasant, X. lives independently of his landowner, Polutykin, his economy is well-established, he has many children. The author especially notes the active mind of his hero as an integral part of his nature. This is manifested in conversations with another hero of the Notes, the narrator: “From our conversations, I made one conviction that Peter the Great was predominantly a Russian person, Russian precisely in his transformations. What is good - he likes it, what is reasonable - give it to him, but where it comes from - he does not care. This comparison, as well as the comparison of the appearance of X. with the appearance of Socrates, gives special significance to the image of X. The most important means of characterizing this hero is a parallel with another character, Kalinych. On the one hand, they are clearly opposed as a rationalist and an idealist, on the other hand, friendship with Kalinych reveals in the image of X. such features as an understanding of music and nature. The character of the hero is reflected in a peculiar way in his relationship with Polutykin: there is no dependence in X's behavior, and he is not redeemed from the serfs for some practical reasons. X. is not the only similar type among Turgenev's heroes. In the "Notes of a Hunter" a certain image of the Russian national character is formed, testifying to the viability of this solid, businesslike beginning. Along with X., such heroes as the one-palace Ovsyannikov, Pav-lusha, Tchertop-hanov, county Hamlet belong to him. Features of this literary type are found in Turgenev later in the image of Bazarov.

Average rating: 3.9

Khor and Kalinich is the first story in the Hunter's Notes series. I.S. Tugrenev in this story gives a description of the customs, life, people and way of life of one of the provincial corners of Russia. In this story, I.S. Turgenev refutes the prevailing opinion about the peasants that they are not capable of friendship, cannot rationally manage their household, do not notice the beauty of the world around them. The author uses a method of comparison well known in the literature. Tender friendship connects two completely different people - Khory and Kalinich.
The first, Khor, is a strong master, he knows how to set things up in such a way that it brings joy and profit. He has a large family, where harmony and prosperity reign. Turgenev compares his hero with Socrates, with Peter the Great, emphasizing the remarkable mind and amazing ingenuity of the peasant: "Peter the Great was predominantly a Russian person, Russian precisely in his transformations." Khor is a person who feels his dignity, a rationalist. He is closer to people, to society.
Kalinich, the second character, is completely different. He is a dreamer, a poetic nature, a man of a cheerful disposition. He is closer to nature, often goes hunting with his master. An idealist and romantic, Kalinich does not like to reason and believes everything blindly.
So different, friends harmoniously complement each other. There are no conflicts between them, they respect the views and principles of each other. I. S. Turgenev observes their meeting: “Kalinych entered the hut with a bunch of wild strawberries in his hands, which he had picked for his friend, Khorya. The old man greeted him cordially. Independence, desire for freedom, softness and poetry of Kalinych complement and continue the pragmatism, rationality and settled way of life of Khory. The song that they sing together at the end of the story reveals the souls of ordinary peasants, something that binds them tightly to each other. Khor and Kalinich are the embodiment of the wealth of the soul, the giftedness of Russia, the hope for the future.

The writing

KALINYCH - the hero of I.S. Turgenev's story "Khor and Kalinych" (1847) from the series "Notes of a Hunter". In contrast to Khor, the hero of the same story, K. symbolizes the poetic side of the Russian national character. The everyday life of a hero who does not have business acumen is poorly organized: he has no family, he has to spend all the time with his landowner Polutykin, go hunting with him, etc. At the same time, there is no servility in K.'s behavior, he loves and respects Polu-tykin, completely trusts him and watches him like a child. The best traits of K.'s character are manifested in his touching friendship with Khorem. So, the narrator meets him for the first time when K brings his friend a bunch of field strawberries, and admits that he did not expect such "tenderness" from the peasant. The image of K. opens in the "Notes of a Hunter" a number of "free people" from the people: they cannot constantly live in the same place, doing the same thing. Among such heroes are Kasyan from "The Beautiful Sword", Yer-molai, the companion of the narrator-hunter, appearing in the stories "Yermolai and the Miller's Woman", "My Neighbor Radilov", "Lgov" and others. Such a type with his poetry, spiritual softness, sensitive attitude to nature is no less important for Turgenev than a reasonable and practical hero: they both represent different, but complementary sides of the nature of a Russian person. Following the tradition of Turgenev, A.I. Kuprin creates two opposite characters, similar to Khory and K., in the story “The Wilderness” (originally “In the Wilderness”, 1898). This is the Sotsky Kirill and the woodsman Talimon, but such a type as K. turns out to be more attractive to Kuprin, therefore his impractical, kind and modest Talimon is higher in his spiritual appearance than the narcissistic and talkative Kirill.

Other writings on this work

Oct 12 2012

Kalinich is depicted here without such comparisons, but this is a character, a "pair" of Khoryu, opposite to him in his psychological make-up, but equal in scale. Kalinych focuses on the world of folk poetry, legends, ancient parables, hagiographic literature. The idealist Kalinich appears as a “hunter” wandering through peasant and landlord Russia, surrounded by the comfort of a clean and poor, like a cell, hut, hung with healing herbs. He gives the traveler water to drink with spring water and feeds him with honey. He comes to his friend Khoryu with a bunch of field strawberries, as an ambassador of nature, and nature, recognizing his relationship with herself, endows him with mysterious power: he speaks blood and diseases, pities people and animals, "his bees never died," with him peace and tranquility enter the house. Poor, having nothing and not caring about the blessings of the earth, he can bestow well-being on the rich: “Khori asked him to bring a newly bought horse into the stable, and Kalinich with conscientious importance fulfilled the request of the old skeptic. Kalinich stood closer to nature; Ferret - to people, to society ... ”(IV, 15). Thus, Khor represents the historical existence of the people, and Kalinich - "natural". Depicting Russia age-old, serf, attached to the earth, taken into account by the revision tales and doomed by legislative measures to live motionless, Turgenev at the same time draws an unceasing movement taking place among the masses. Such a movement is carried out by representatives of the people endowed with a special character and is associated with “secret”, latent, unknown, and perhaps incomprehensible, as it seems to Turgenev at this stage, the processes taking place in the mass of the people. These are seekers, vagabonds, travelers (Kalinych, Stepushka, Kasyan, etc.). They are the spokesmen for the dream of the masses, its poetic consciousness.

Turgenev attached the property of mystery not only to the poetic, wandering character of a man from the people, but also to the peasantry as a whole. In his depiction of the people, he expressed a feeling of great richness and mystery of the spiritual world of a simple person; in the people's environment, he sees a variety of characters and the "surprise" of their manifestations. The poet-hunter, wandering around his native fields, makes amazing discoveries at every step, any of his clashes with a peasant leaves him with a question, a sense of mystery, of the possibilities and motives of ordinary people that he does not fully understand, which he recognizes. So, describing in the story "Yermolai and the Miller's Woman" the disposition of the carefree and good-natured Yermolai, the observant "hunter" suddenly notices in him unexpected flashes of demonism, "manifestations of some kind of gloomy ferocity." Like the flights of a bird, the sudden transitions from village to village of this seemingly prosaic person are inexplicable and mysterious. In the story "Raspberry Water" two yard people and a random passing peasant spent half an hour at a source with a poetic name in the author's company. How significant are their simple, everyday conversations, how original characters!

In the "Notes of a Hunter" authoritative sentences of peasants are constantly heard about this or that landowner, about the steward, about the moral essence of people's behavior, about Russian life and about the life of other peoples. refers to the opinion of the peasants as a decisive argument in favor of any point of view and, wishing to give his assessment greater weight, reinforces his view with a sentence heard from the lips of the peasants.

In this regard, the position of Turgenev in his stories of the late 40s and early 50s is sharply differs from the position of Grigorovich. Of course, Grigorovich also depicted the peasant with sympathy, and his persecutor, whether it be a landowner, a manager or a kulak miller, with antipathy, but both the peasant and the landowner represented in his stories primarily their position. The main thing in the characterization of Akulina ("The Village") and Anton ("Anton Goremyka") was persecution, his meekness, drawing which, he affirmed the idea of ​​the unjustification of his cruel treatment. The suffering of the peasant is a direct consequence of his serfdom.

The folk heroes of Turgenev are not the spokesmen for the situation, even if it is such an important position for society as serfdom. They have high moral traits. They are thinking, sensitive personalities, doomed to be the "property" of one or another - mostly insignificant, stupid and vulgar - master. Every time when phrases like “Yermolai belonged to one of my neighbors…” appear in the writer’s text, this strikes the reader not because the hero of the story experiences resentment and oppression, although there are many manifestations of social injustice, arbitrariness, and violence in the book, but by the discrepancy between the manner in which the hero is depicted and the fact that he exists in the state of things. The peasants, shown by Turgenev in all the complex richness of their natures, acting as representatives of the nation, its historical existence and its future mysterious destinies, asserted the moral unjustification, inhumanity and doom of serfdom much more eloquently than any fiery journalistic tirades or pictures of violence.

Gogol, exclaiming: “Rus, where are you going, give me an answer? Does not give an answer, ”he turned his thoughts to the whole country; Turgenev, on the other hand, saw the source of the historical movement in the peasant masses. Having shown the richness of the inner spiritual world of a simple person, Turgenev, however, portrayed such a hero synthetically, without penetrating into his psychological “mechanism”. Turgenev perceived the peasantry as a force that decides a lot in the life of the nation, an attractive and beautiful force, but integral and not amenable to analysis.

The focus of the poetic line of the "Notes of a Hunter" is "Bezhin Meadow". The author is surrounded by nocturnal nature, living its own, independent of him, man, life. “The dark clear sky solemnly and immensely high stood above us with all its mysterious splendor. The chest was sweetly embarrassed, inhaling that special, lingering and fresh smell - the smell of a Russian summer night. Even dogs belonging to boys who tend horses at night do not accept a “stranger”: “For a long time they could not come to terms with my presence and, drowsily squinting and looking sideways at the fire, occasionally growled with extraordinary self-esteem” (IV, 97).

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