~~~*~~~~*~~~~*~~~~*~~~~

It was time: our holiday is young
He shone, made noise and married with rods,
And with the songs of glasses, the ringing interfered,
And we sat in a tight crowd.
Then, the soul of the careless ignorant,
We lived everything and easier and bolder,
We drank everything for the health of hope
And youth and all its inventions.

Now it’s not the same: our wild holiday
With the advent of years, like us, I went crazy,
He calmed down, calmed down, settled down,
The ringing of his healthy bowls became muffled;
Between us, the speech does not flow so playfully,
Spacious, sadder we sit,
And less often laughter is heard among the songs,
And more often we sigh and are silent.

It's time for everything: the twenty-fifth ral
We celebrate the cherished day of the Lyceum.
Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,
And how they have changed us!
No wonder - no - a quarter of a century has flown by
Do not complain: such is the law of fate;
The whole world revolves around a person, -
Will he be immovable alone?

Remember, O friends, from that time
When our circle of fate was connected
What, what were we witnesses!
The games of the mysterious game,
Confused peoples rushed about;
And kings rose and fell;
And the blood of people either glory or freedom,
That pride crimsoned the altars.

Do you remember: when the Lyceum arose,
As the king opened the palace of the queens for us,
And we came. And Kunitsyn met us
Greetings between royal guests.
Then the storm of the twelfth year
Still sleeping. Another Napoleon
Did not experience the great people -
He still threatened and hesitated.

Do you remember: the army flowed for the army,
We said goodbye to older brothers
And in the shade of sciences they returned with annoyance,
Envying the one who is dying
He walked past us ... and the tribes fought,
Russia embraced the arrogant enemy,
And the glow of Moscow lit up
His shelves are ready to snow.

Do you remember how our Agamemnon
From captive Paris, he rushed to us.
What a delight then resounded before him!
How great he was, how beautiful he was,
Peoples friend, savior of their freedom!
Do you remember how you suddenly perked up
These gardens, these living waters,
Where he spent his glorious leisure.

And he is not - and he left Russia,
Taken by them over the astonished world,
And on the rock an oblivious exile,
Alien to everything, Napoleon died out.
And a new king, stern and mighty,
At the turn of Europe, he became cheerful,
And new clouds came together over the earth,
And hurricane them. . . . . . . . . . .

1836

Analysis of Pushkin's poem "It was time"

The poem "There was a time: our holiday is young ...", written in 1836, is one of Pushkin's last works. It is dedicated to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum and is designed in the genre of a friendly message. In the first stanza, the lyrical hero recalls the happy days of his youth, when comrades gathered in a close crowd and "the ringing interfered with the songs of glasses." That carefree time in the good sense of the word is the time of hopes and dreams. Life seemed easy, and all roads were open. The second stanza is a mirror image of the first. The hero sadly states: "Now it's not that ...". Youth is gone, there is less fun at the holidays, the songs have practically ceased to sound, they were replaced by thoughtful silence. Readers get the feeling that each line of the first stanza in the second is served with a minus sign. Such an antithesis - the opposition of youth and maturity - is quite traditional. It is often found in other writers as well.

The beginning of the third stanza is a logical continuation of the previous reasoning. The hero says sadly:

Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,
And how they have changed us!

It seems that the atmosphere of sadness will continue to reign in the poem, but an unexpected turn occurs: “No wonder - no! A quarter of a century has flown by! Then follows the definition of the law of fate:

The whole world revolves around a person, -
Will he be immovable alone?

In a toast uttered at a friendly feast, philosophical problems arise. Pushkin compares human life with the life of the Universe. He seems to project the inner world of a person onto the world of the Universe. At the beginning of the fourth stanza, the lyrical hero again turns to his comrades, asking them to remember what they managed to survive together. And this is where the "games of the mysterious game" appear. Through this image, the poem is taken to a completely different level. A friendly feast fades into the background. It is replaced by something more global - world history, in which lyceum students find themselves inscribed. Subsequently, the scale will again vary. For example, in the fifth stanza, the hero directly addresses former classmates. At the same time, we are talking about memories accessible to a narrow circle of people - about the day when the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum first opened its doors to students.

According to contemporaries, Pushkin recited the poem at the last meeting of lyceum students in his life. At the same time, the poet was so excited and emotional that he could not even complete the reading.

To the question Tell me the analysis of the verse. Pushkin "It was time: our holiday is young" given by the author Anatoly Kurbashnov the best answer is The poem by A. S. Pushkin “It was time: our holiday is young ...” was written in 1836 on the 25th anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. It was opened on October 19, 1811 in accordance with the decree of Emperor Alexander I, developed by him with the participation of his associate M. M. Speransky. Boys aged 11–12 from noble families were admitted to the lyceum to study various sciences. The young Pushkin was also sent there. There the poet found many comrades, with whom he carried friendship through his whole life: Delvig, Pushchin, Kuchelbecker, Volkhovsky, Matyushkin and many others. Since then, they have been gathering together every year to celebrate the “cherished day of the Lyceum” and remember “what, what we were witnesses to”. But there was something...
A month later, the multinational army of the French emperor crossed the Neman. “Thunderstorm of the twelfth year” woke up. “You remember: the army followed the army” - columns of the Russian guards walked past the lyceum to participate in the war. How the lyceum students wanted to be with them on the battlefields! Many even tried to escape; Pushkin wanted to leave, and they didn't let him in.
Napoleon lost. He was never able to understand the “great people”, did not understand why these barbarians did not surrender, why they did not accept his promise to abolish serfdom (and he would) and how these almost unarmed peasants could inflict such damage on his army. He sent ambassadors to Kutuzov, wrote letters to Alexander I; he demanded, demanded peace. Instead of the shameful surrender of Russia (in Pushkin it is: Russia), Napoleon received the glow of Moscow, the icy catastrophe - the Berezina, Leipzig, the capture of Paris, the abdication of the throne, the Hundred Days, the denouement at Waterloo and, finally, the second Peace of Paris.
“Do you remember how our Agamemnon // Rushed to us from captive Paris.” This is how Pushkin writes about Emperor Alexander I the Blessed. This is one of the most mysterious figures of Russian history, “Agamemnon of Europe” (Agamemnon is the king of Mycenae, the leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War), “Northern Sphinx”, “Crowned Hamlet”. I must say, the poet treated this emperor ironically (“The ruler is weak and crafty, // A bald dandy, an enemy of labor”, “I will take everyone with my people,” // Our tsar spoke in Congress”). Here, eleven years after his death, the poet pays tribute to Alexander I as a man, no doubt, gifted and wishing Russia happiness: “How great, how beautiful he was, / Peoples friend, savior of their freedom! ”, “And he is not there - and he left Russia, / He will be lifted up by him over the astonished world.”
On the island of Saint Helena, Napoleon died, a genius who ruined so many lives because of pride and patriotism. Alexander died in Taganrog. “And a new tsar, stern and mighty,” in the person of Nicholas I, ascended the throne. Decembrists, among whom there were many lyceum students, in Siberia; censorship is being tightened, a secret police is being created - a squeezed man of the Nikolaev era appears. Romanticism and chivalry are gone. Eternal drama. Eternal pathos of history. A story that Pushkin feels very well. The poem remained unfinished - in three months the poet would be killed.
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"It was time" Alexander Pushkin

It was time: our holiday is young
He shone, made noise and married with roses,
And with the songs of glasses, the ringing interfered,
And we sat in a tight crowd.
Then, the soul of the careless ignorant,
We lived everything and easier and bolder,
We drank everything for the health of hope
And youth and all its inventions.

Now it’s not the same: our wild holiday
With the advent of years, like us, I went crazy,
He calmed down, calmed down, settled down,
The ringing of his healthy bowls became muffled;
Between us, the speech does not flow so playfully.
Spacious, sadder we sit,
And less often laughter is heard among the songs,
And more often we sigh and are silent.

It's time for everything: for the twenty-fifth time
We celebrate the cherished day of the Lyceum.

And how they have changed us!
Unsurprisingly - no! A quarter of a century has flown by!
Do not complain: such is the law of fate;
The whole world revolves around a person, -

Remember, O friends, from that time
When our circle of fate was connected
What, what were we witnesses!
The games of the mysterious game,
Confused peoples rushed about;
And kings rose and fell;
And the blood of people either of Glory, or of Freedom,
That Pride crimsoned the altars.

Do you remember: when the lyceum arose,
As the tsar opened the palace of the tsaritsyn for us.
And we came. And Kunitsyn met us
Greetings between royal guests, -
Then the storm of the twelfth year
Still sleeping. Another Napoleon
Did not test the great people -
He still threatened and hesitated.

Do you remember: the army flowed behind the army,
We said goodbye to older brothers
And in the shade of sciences they returned with annoyance,
Envying the one who is dying
He walked past us ... and the tribes fought,
Russia embraced the arrogant enemy,
And the glow of Moscow lit up
His shelves are ready to snow.

Do you remember how our Agamemnon
From captive Paris, he rushed to us.
What a delight then resounded before him!
How great he was, how beautiful he was,
Peoples friend, savior of their freedom!
Do you remember how you suddenly revived
These gardens, these living waters,
Where he spent his glorious leisure.

And he is not - and he left Russia,
Taken by them over the astonished world,
And on the rock an oblivious exile,
Alien to everything, Napoleon died out.
And a new king, stern and mighty,
At the turn of Europe, he became cheerful,
And new clouds came together over the earth,
And hurricane them. . . . . . . . . .

Analysis of Pushkin's poem "It was time"

The poem "There was a time: our holiday is young ...", written in 1836, is one of Pushkin's last works. It is dedicated to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum and is designed in the genre of a friendly message. In the first stanza, the lyrical hero recalls the happy days of his youth, when comrades gathered in a close crowd and "the ringing interfered with the songs of glasses." That carefree time in the good sense of the word is the time of hopes and dreams. Life seemed easy, and all roads were open. The second stanza is a mirror image of the first. The hero sadly states: "Now it's not that ...". Youth is gone, there is less fun at the holidays, the songs have practically ceased to sound, they were replaced by thoughtful silence. Readers get the feeling that each line of the first stanza in the second is served with a minus sign. Such an antithesis - the opposition of youth and maturity - is quite traditional. It is often found in other writers as well.

The beginning of the third stanza is a logical continuation of the previous reasoning. The hero says sadly:
Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,
And how they have changed us!

It seems that the atmosphere of sadness will continue to reign in the poem, but an unexpected turn occurs: “No wonder - no! A quarter of a century has flown by! Then follows the definition of the law of fate:
The whole world revolves around man,
Will he be immovable alone?

In a toast uttered at a friendly feast, philosophical problems arise. Pushkin compares human life with the life of the Universe. He seems to project the inner world of a person onto the world of the Universe. At the beginning of the fourth stanza, the lyrical hero again turns to his comrades, asking them to remember what they managed to survive together. And this is where the "games of the mysterious game" appear. Through this image, the poem is taken to a completely different level. A friendly feast fades into the background. It is replaced by something more global - world history, in which the lyceum students find themselves inscribed. Subsequently, the scale will again vary. For example, in the fifth stanza, the hero directly addresses former classmates. At the same time, we are talking about memories accessible to a narrow circle of people - about the day when the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum first opened its doors to students.

According to contemporaries, Pushkin recited the poem at the last meeting of lyceum students in his life. At the same time, the poet was so excited and emotional that he could not even complete the reading.

reading view

One of the last works of Pushkin. Dedicated to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum and designed in the genre of a friendly message.

It was time: our holiday is young

He shone, made noise and married with roses,

And with the songs of glasses, the ringing interfered,

And we sat in a tight crowd.

Then, the soul of the careless ignorant,

We lived everything and easier and bolder,

We drank everything for the health of hope

And youth and all its inventions.

Now it’s not the same: our wild holiday

With the advent of years, like us, I went crazy,

He calmed down, calmed down, settled down,

The ringing of his healthy bowls became muffled;

Between us, the speech does not flow so playfully.

Spacious, sadder we sit,

And less often laughter is heard among the songs,

And more often we sigh and are silent.

It's time for everything: for the twenty-fifth time

We celebrate the cherished day of the Lyceum.

Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,

And how they have changed us!

Unsurprisingly - no! A quarter of a century has flown by!

Do not complain: such is the law of fate;

The whole world revolves around a person, -

Will he be immovable alone?

Remember, O friends, from that time

When our circle of fate was connected

What, what were we witnesses!

The games of the mysterious game,

Confused peoples rushed about;

And kings rose and fell;

And the blood of people either of Glory, or of Freedom,

That Pride crimsoned the altars.

Do you remember: when the lyceum arose,

As the tsar opened the palace of the tsaritsyn for us.

And we came. And Kunitsyn met us

Greetings between royal guests, -

Then the storm of the twelfth year

Still sleeping. Another Napoleon

Did not experience the great people -

He still threatened and hesitated.

Do you remember: the army flowed behind the army,

We said goodbye to older brothers

And in the shade of sciences they returned with annoyance,

Envying the one who is dying

Walked past us... and the tribes fought,

Russia embraced the arrogant enemy,

And the glow of Moscow lit up

His shelves are ready to snow.

Do you remember how our Agamemnon

From captive Paris, he rushed to us.

What a delight then resounded before him!

How great he was, how beautiful he was,

Peoples friend, savior of their freedom!

Do you remember how you suddenly perked up

These gardens, these living waters,

Where he spent his glorious leisure.

And he is not - and he left Russia,

Taken by them over the astonished world,

And on the rock an oblivious exile,

Alien to everything, Napoleon died out.

And a new king, stern and mighty,

At the turn of Europe, he became cheerful,

And new clouds came together over the earth,

And hurricane them. . . . . . . . . .

Analysis of the poem "It was time: our holiday is young"

In the first stanza, the lyrical hero recalls the happy days of his youth, when comrades gathered in a close crowd and "the ringing interfered with the songs of glasses." A carefree time is a time of hopes and dreams. Life seems easy, and all roads are open. The second stanza mirrors the first. The hero sadly states: "Now it's not that ...". Youth is gone, there is less fun at the holidays, the songs have practically ceased to sound, they were replaced by thoughtful silence. Antithesis - opposition of youth and maturity. Readers get the feeling that each line of the first stanza in the second is served with a minus sign.

The beginning of the third stanza continues the previous reasoning. It seems that the atmosphere of sadness will continue to reign in the poem, but there is a turn: “No wonder - no! A quarter of a century has flown by! Then follows the definition of the law of fate: The whole world revolves around a person, - Will he really be immovable alone?

Pushkin compares human life with the life of the Universe. He projects the inner world of a person onto the world of the Universe. At the beginning of the fourth stanza, the lyrical hero again turns to his comrades, asking them to remember what they managed to endure together. Here appear the "games of the mysterious game." The poem is taken to another level. The feast fades into the background. It is replaced by world history, in which lyceum students are included. Subsequently, the scale will change again. In the fifth stanza, the hero directly addresses his classmates. At the same time, we are talking about the memories of a narrow circle of people - about the day when the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum first opened its doors to students.

The poem “There was a time: our holiday is young ...” Pushkin recited at the last meeting of lyceum students in his life. At the same time, the poet was so agitated and emotional that he could not complete the reading.

Education Department of Youth Policy and Sports

Pilninsky municipal district

Municipal educational institution

Stolbishchenskaya secondary school

Regional student conference

"Under the Sign of Pushkin".

Abstract on the topic: "Literary analysis of A. S. Pushkin's poem "There was a time ...".

Completed: Lukachev

Ivan Alexandrovich

10th grade student

MOU Stolbischenskaya secondary school

Supervisor: Lukachev

Olga Alexandrovna.

607461

Nizhny Novgorod Region

Pilninsky district

Pos. Budenovka

st. Zarechnaya, 41

Tel. (fax) 8(831 92) 38-235

Email mail:stolbskool@ yandex. en

2016

Content

Introduction…………………………………………………. ………………With. 3

1. The last lyceum anniversary of A.S. Pushkin ……………………..p. four

2. The poet's working day on October 19, 1836 and "Boldino Autumn" in 1830 ....... p. 5-6

3. Historical and cultural commentary on the poem “It was time”…….p. 7-8

4. The ideological content of the poem “It was time”…………………………p. 9-10

5. Friendship in a poem……………………………………………………………..p.11-12

III . Conclusion………………………………………………………………………..p. 12

IV .List of literature used………………………………………………p. 13

Note : pages are listed with title page, table of contents and bibliography.

“I always want to say too much about Pushkin,

always talk too much

and you will never say everything that follows.

V. O. Klyuchevsky

Introduction.

Pushkin... Alexander Sergeevich... Autumn 1836, October 19... Petersburg, an apartment on the Moika, an office and the lines “There was a time: our young holiday shone, rustled and got married with roses... This poem was not completed by the poet. This ordinary autumn day was incredibly fruitful and comparable, perhaps, only with the Boldin autumn of 1830.

Whatever Pushkin's pen touched, turned into a work of art. “He lyrically recreated his life, his experiences consisted to a large extent in the fact that his infinitely rich and multifaceted character artistically reflected himself in various images of lyrical experience. Understanding the relationship of the lyrical image with the character of the poet himself helps to get closer to understanding Pushkin's work. It is not enough to understand the image of one experience when, in essence, we are talking about a chain of experiences unfolded in time, about changes in the developing state of the soul ... " 1

I chose “Literary analysis of the poem by A. S. Pushkin “It was time ...” as the topic of the study. The purpose of my work was to study the late Petersburg lyrics, to which this poem belongs, written in 1836, three months before the death of the poet. But working in this direction, I realized that I need to reconsider the entire life and creative path of the poet of 1836. This year brought me back six years ago - to the famous fruitful "Boldino Autumn" of 1830. This poem can also be called ritually significant, written for the next anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. For Pushkin, this day meant a lot.

For him, this was the beginning of familiarization with society, with "camaraderie", with interesting and very different people. This feeling of friendship, carried through the whole life, is generally unique in our literature. Even today it is a moral example of steadfast fidelity. I will try to understand this and analyze the poem in different aspects.

In the work on the essay, I relied on the books: Skvoznikova V. Pushkin's Lyric, Fomicheva S.A. Pushkin's Poetry. Creative evolution.

Svoznikov V. Lyrics of Pushkin. - Moscow, "Fiction", 1975, p. 16

The last Lyceum anniversary of A. S. Pushkin.

The poem "It was time ...", written in mid-October 1836, is one of Pushkin's last works. It is dedicated to the anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum and is designed in the genre of a friendly message. This is an unfinished poem, Pushkin did not have time to finish it for the holiday and read it in the evening in an unfinished form at a very thinned meeting of comrades in graduation and, as they recall, burst into tears and could not continue.

Here are the documentary lines from the protocol of the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Lyceum, October 19, 1836.

“The twenty-fifth anniversary of the Lyceum was celebrated by Yudin, Myasoedov, Grevenits, Yakovlev, Martynov, Modest, Korf, A. Pushkin, Alexey Illichevsky, S. Komovsky, F. Steven, K. Danzas.

The aforementioned gentlemen gathered in Yakovlev’s house and feasted as follows: 1) they had a delicious and noisy dinner, 2) they drank three health drinks: a) for the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Lyceum, c) for the well-being of the Lyceum, c) for the health of those absent, 3) they read letters written once absent brother Kuchelbeker to one of his comrades, 4) read old protocols and songs and other papers stored in the lyceum archive at the head of Yakovlev, 5) commemorated the lyceum antiquity, 6) sang national songs,7) Pushkin began to read poetry on the 25th anniversary of the Lyceum, but he did not remember all the poems, and besides, he replied that he did not finish them, but promised to finish them, write off and attach the original to today's protocol.

Note. They all gathered at half past five and dispersed at half past ten.

According to the headman of the lyceum anniversaries M. L. Yakovlev, Pushkin only began the first stanza, with general silence:

“It was time, our holiday is young

He shone, made noise and got married with roses ... "-

How tears rolled down from his eyes, and he could not continue to read. 1

If we return to October 1825, where the poet is also reading a poem, we feel a different mood, Pushkin anticipates that he will be with friends, and here in October 1836 he anticipates death.

Find out about a book in the library.

The poet's working day is October 19, 1836 and "Boldino Autumn" 1830.

No matter how difficult the circumstances were, August and September 1836 passed with Pushkin under the sign of a high creative upsurge. In September he worked on the white version of The Captain's Daughter. At the end of the month, the poet sent the first part of the novel, which he had copied out with his own hand, to the censor P. A. Korsakov. Korsakov, who had a reputation as one of the most educated and benevolent censors, sent a reply to Pushkin the next day. It was a most kind letter. P. A. Korsakov reported that he had just read a new work by Pushkin and was ready to sign it for publication even now. The first reader of Pushkin's novel spoke of him with genuine admiration: "With what pleasure I read it! Or not; I didn't just read it - I swallowed it! I'm impatiently waiting for the next chapters." 1 This letter was an unexpected joy for the poet after all the misadventures with censorship that he had to endure during this year. Pushkin completed work on the white text of the novel three weeks later. On the last page of the manuscript, he put the date: "19 Oct. 1836." So the poet celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Lyceum.
Pushkin's manuscripts marked with this date give us a one-of-a-kind opportunity to see how the poet worked that autumn.
On October 19, Pushkin completed the final pages of The Captain's Daughter. On the same day, he worked on the poem "It was time: our holiday is young ...".Timed to coincide with the lyceum anniversary, it, as you know, remained unfinished. During the day, Pushkin rewrote the stanzas that he managed to finish so that in the evening he could read them at a meeting with M. L. Yakovlev.
The same date marks the well-known letter from Pushkin to Chaadaev, the significance of which goes far beyond private correspondence. It was a response to the publication of Chaadaev's "Philosophical Letter" in "Teleskop", which caused a wide public outcry just in those days. Continuing his long-standing dispute with Chaadaev, Pushkin wrote to him on October 19: "As for our historical insignificance, I absolutely cannot agree with you<...>I am far from delighted with everything that I see around me: as a writer - I am annoyed, as a person with prejudices - I am offended - but I swear on my honor that for nothing in the world I would not want to change my fatherland or have a different history than the history of our ancestors, such as God gave it to us."
But he spoke about the current situation in Russia with deep bitterness, "... this lack of public opinion, this indifference to all duty, justice - and the truth, this cynical contempt for human thought and dignity," Pushkin wrote, "can truly lead to despair You did well to say it out loud, but I'm afraid that your [religious] historical views will not hurt you." 2

When, a few days later, rumors spread about government repressions that had fallen on Chaadaev and the publisher of Teleskop, Pushkin decided not to send his letter. He made a note on it at the bottom: "A raven will not peck out the eyes of a raven." But the poet read this letter to his friends and acquaintances, and it was widely circulated in the lists.

1. Belinsky V. G. KhVI, With. 162

2. Belinsky V. G. KhVI, With. 172. 173, 393

The poet's working day on October 19 ended early. At about four o'clock in the afternoon, Pushkin left the house and went to M. L. Yakovlev for the traditional meeting of the lyceum students of the first graduation. But this short autumn day, in terms of the scope and significance of what the poet managed to do, recalls the blessed days of his most fruitful Boldino autumn.

It was in September - November 1830 - in this famous "Boldino autumn", amazing in its "fertility", as the poet himself said - Pushkin, at the same time, committed a difficult deed: he burned the tenth chapter of Onegin, and perhaps even anything else, we don't know. And it is no coincidence that this happened on October 19th. On the same day, he wrote his last letter to Chaadaev, summing up their long and difficult relationship (I spoke about this above). In the Boldin Autumn of 1830, there was no pre-road rush: there were other extremely unpleasant chores. But there was also time to concentrate in solitude and sum up the next life results. 1 But then the focus on the actual lyceum memories did not take place. And soon Delvig suddenly dies - the closest of the lyceum friends. Perhaps that is why Pushkin did not attend the 1831 celebration. But this day is not passed over in silence, the poet will write "The more often the lyceum celebrates." And now Alexander Sergeevich again returns to what he has not yet said, and each return is a new stage in the moral and creative movement.

1. Svoznikov V. Lyrics of Pushkin. - Moscow, "Fiction", 1975, p.70

Historical and cultural commentary on the poem "It was time .."

Alexander Sergeevich superstitiously honored the day of the lyceum and in different years celebrated it in different ways, depending on the conditions and state of mind. Five poetic responses to lyceum anniversaries are the most valuable milestones in the development of Pushkin the lyricist. These verses are traces that represent to us the breadth of the poet's acceptance of life. Each poem is a return to the past. Each return is a new stage in the moral and creative movement. I would like to list them all: 1) October 19, 1825 (“The forest drops its crimson pattern”, 2) October 19, 1827 (“God help you, my friends”, 3) October 19, 1828 the quaternary (“Having prayed earnestly God”), 4) October 19, 1831 (“The more often the Lyceum celebrates”) and 5) the last return on October 19, 1836 - in the last anniversary message “It was time ...”

A poem by A.S. Pushkin "It was time: our holiday is young ..." was written in 1836 on the 25th anniversary of the opening of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. It was opened on October 19, 1811 in accordance with the decree of Emperor Alexander I, developed by him with the participation of his associate M.M. Speransky. Boys aged 11–12 from noble families were admitted to the lyceum to study various sciences. The young Pushkin was also sent there. There the poet found many comrades, with whom he carried friendship through his whole life: Delvig, Pushchin, Kuchelbecker, Volkhovsky, Matyushkin and many others. Since then, they have been gathering together every year to celebrate the “cherished day of the Lyceum” and remember “what, what we were witnesses to”. But there was something...In Russia, the historical nineteenth century began on the night of March 12, 1801, with the assassination of Emperor Paul I. Under him, Russian-French relations were of a contradictory nature - from a complete break to friendship. The new emperor Alexander I at first treated Napoleon peacefully, but the murder of the innocent Duke of Enghien and the adoption of the title of emperor by the first consul in 1804 caused Russia to join the anti-French coalition, which also included England and Austria (“embarrassed peoples rushed about”). The result was the complete defeat of the allied forces by Napoleon in 1805 at Austerlitz. The stupidity of the command of the anti-French coalition, the constant interference of Alexander in military affairs and the superiority of the French forces led to a series of unsuccessful battles and the lost Russian-Prussian-French war. In June 1807, negotiations between Napoleon and Alexander took place on a raft in the center of the Neman River near the town of Tilsit. As a result of this meeting, peace was signed, the map of Europe was redrawn (“and kings rose and fell”), Russia joined the continental blockade of England.Despite the apparent calm, a most complicated diplomatic game began, which included not only negotiations between diplomats, but even professional espionage and secret agents. There was an ongoing preparation for the war, both from the Russian and the French side. Meanwhile, in the presence of the emperor, the teacher of Russian language and literature, Kunitsyn, met the first lyceum students with a welcoming speech ... On May 16, 1812, Kutuzov signed peace with Turkey in Bucharest, inflicting a serious diplomatic defeat on Napoleon, who was pulling up the last troops to the border.A month later, the multinational army of the French emperor crossed the Neman. “Thunderstorm of the twelfth year” woke up. “You remember: the army followed the army” - columns of the Russian guards walked past the lyceum to participate in the war. How the lyceum students wanted to be with them on the battlefields! Many even tried to escape; Pushkin wanted to leave, and they didn't let him in.Napoleon lost. He was never able to understand the “great people”, did not understand why these barbarians did not surrender, why they did not accept his promise to abolish serfdom (and he would) and how these almost unarmed peasants could inflict such damage on his army. He sent ambassadors to Kutuzov, wrote letters to Alexander I; he demanded, demanded peace. Instead of the shameful surrender of Russia (in Pushkin it is: Russia), Napoleon received the glow of Moscow, the icy catastrophe - the Berezina, Leipzig, the capture of Paris, the abdication of the throne, the Hundred Days, the denouement at Waterloo and, finally, the second Peace of Paris.

“Do you remember how our Agamemnon / From the captive Paris rushed to us. This is how Pushkin writes about Emperor Alexander I the Blessed. This is one of the most mysterious figures of Russian history, “Agamemnon of Europe” (Agamemnon is the king of Mycenae, the leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War), “Northern Sphinx”, “Crowned Hamlet”. I must say, the poet treated this emperor ironically (“The ruler is weak and crafty, // A bald dandy, an enemy of labor”, “I will take everyone with my people,” // Our tsar spoke in Congress”). Here, eleven years after his death, the poet pays tribute to Alexander I as a man, undoubtedly gifted and who wished Russia happiness: “How great he was, how beautiful he was, / Peoples friend, savior of their freedom!” him - and he left Russia, // Ascended by him over the astonished world.

On the island of Saint Helena, Napoleon died, a genius who ruined so many lives because of pride and patriotism. Alexander died in Taganrog. “And a new tsar, stern and mighty,” in the person of Nicholas I, ascended the throne. Decembrists, among whom there were many lyceum students, in Siberia; censorship is being tightened, a secret police is being created - a squeezed man of the Nikolaev era appears. Romanticism and chivalry are gone. Eternal drama. Eternal pathos of history. A story that Pushkin feels very well. The poem remained unfinished - in three months the poet would be killed.

The ideological content of A. S. Pushkin's poem "There was a time ..." .

In this poem, one of Pushkin's last works in general, created at a time when black clouds were gathering more and more hopelessly over him, the poet looks around with a sad, almost parting look at his personal life, and at that stormy era of wars and revolutions, of which he was a witness and participant. his generation.

For this poem, Pushkin used the size and stanza of his poem for October 19, 1825. It is sustained in the genre of a friendly message.

Sadness and despondency are imbued with this poem. It begins with a striking contrast between two periods in the life of Russia - a period of hopes and disappointments. The author compares the beginning and end of life, youthful enthusiasm and sadness of people who have seen a lot in life. Time changes not only the appearance, but also the thoughts and feelings of a person.

Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,

And how they have changed us!

No wonder - no! - A quarter of a century has flown by!

Constantly repeating the words "Do you remember ...", the poet, as it were, recreates the historical picture of what friends happened to experience over these 25 years.

Remember, O friends, from that time.

When our circle of fate was connected

What witnesses we were!

In this poem there are no pictures of autumn so beloved by Pushkin and so appropriate in this case (for example, in comparison with the first four poems that I mentioned above). The message was written in the city by a man caught up in the daily bustle of the city. The lyrical thought of this last gift to the memories of lyceum youth does not spread in breadth: on the contrary, it is directed into the depths of the feeling that has come. She does not hover in the autumn expanse - she was born within the walls of an office that was just being settled on the Moika and announced in the apartment of an old comrade. This last epistle is especially noteworthy not only for its extreme maturity of poetic culture. Thought gets here to a very deep and inherently unified root. The motifs of the “unshakable” union, comradeship and the impressions of Tsarskoye Selo themselves come together, intertwine, and finally, the main thing is the themes of the Motherland, the military feat of the “thunderstorm of the twelfth year”, people's patriotism. With the maturation of the Pushkin people, with an increasingly concrete idea of ​​the people and its history, there is, as it were, a “sharpening” of the most lyrical figurative memory.

The line is very curious. The boy saw with envy how the Russian people went to a terrible battle past his "canopy of sciences". Two years later, in a solemn examination ode, he remembered these people in the guise of a majestic and abstract "Ross" who had rebelled against the haughty "Gallus". And after fifteen years in memory, it would seem, the impression was destined to smooth out, to lose its quivering liveliness.

After so many years, the poet suddenly sees a mass of military rati swept up by a "thunderstorm", feels the soldier's work. And he persistently seeks more complete definitions. 1

Thought seems to be circling around something the only possible, the most true, even to Pushkin himself not quite given, to express the essence of the divergent people's sea, the historical essence of the stability of the Russian people. This poem captures the new approach of a mature poet to the phenomena of life, his historicism.

Svoznikov V. Lyrics of Pushkin. - Moscow, "Fiction", 1975,

Friendship in a poem

It is impossible not to say about friendship in this poem.Pushkin's need for companionship, for the understanding and support of his friends, was as unchanging as the need to love and be loved. But Pushkin understood friendship not only as a relationship that arises between two people. “Friendship” for him is a whole circle of people close in fate, this is “brotherhood”, “our union”, which has developed back in the Tsarskoye Selo LyceumIn essence, the beginning of this poem is a generalized image of the poem “Feasting Students” (the poet wrote it when he was 15 years old), but it was already written by the free hand of the master. The poem compares the beginning and end of life, animation and silence. Time changes both the feelings and the appearance of people. But the poet claims that "not without reason ... a quarter of a century has rushed by." The poem, permeated with the refrain "Do you remember ...", restores for friends the historical panorama of the century.

“Remember, O others. Since that time
When our circle of fate was connected
What, what were we witnesses!
The games of the mysterious game,
Confused peoples rushed about;
And kings rose and fell;
And the blood of people either of Glory, or of Freedom,
That Pride crimsoned the altars.

Friendship in this poem is the unity of a generation in the face of history, a century lived together, with its anxieties, victories, illusions, falls and ups.In the first stanza, the lyrical hero recalls the happy days of his youth, when comrades gathered in a close crowd and "the ringing interfered with the songs of glasses." That carefree time in the good sense of the word is the time of hopes and dreams. Life seemed easy, and all roads were open. The second stanza is a mirror image of the first. The hero sadly states: "Now it's not that ...". Youth is gone, there is less fun at the holidays, the songs have practically ceased to sound, they were replaced by thoughtful silence. Readers get the feeling that each line of the first stanza in the second is served with a minus sign. Such an antithesis - the opposition of youth and maturity - is quite traditional. It is often found in other writers as well.The beginning of the third stanza is a logical continuation of the previous reasoning. The hero says sadly:

Years have passed in a series of imperceptible,
And how they have changed us!

The whole world revolves around a person, -
Will he be immovable alone?

In a toast uttered at a friendly feast, philosophical problems arise. Pushkin compares human life with the life of the Universe. He seems to project the inner world of a person onto the world of the Universe. At the beginning of the fourth stanza, the lyrical hero again turns to his comrades, asking them to remember what they managed to survive together. And this is where the "games of the mysterious game" appear. Through this image, the poem is taken to a completely different level. A friendly feast fades into the background. It is replaced by something more global - world history, in which lyceum students find themselves inscribed. Subsequently, the scale will again vary. For example, in the fifth stanza, the hero directly addresses former classmates. At the same time, we are talking about memories accessible to a narrow circle of people - about the day when the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum first opened its doors to students. Pushkin reflects loftily and tragically on the possibility of overcoming death in friendship. And, addressing his friends in his last message, he says to them with wise understanding:

Unsurprisingly - no! A quarter of a century has flown by!

Do not complain: such is the law of fate;

The whole world revolves around a person, -

He alone will be immovable.

Conclusion

In the poem “It was time ...” the poet makes a historical overview of the events that his generation witnessed: the opening of the Lyceum, farewell to the brothers who went through the Village to the war with Napoleon, the return of the victorious tsar, his death. The poet compares the beginning of life and the end. Time is merciless, it changes everything: feelings, appearance, history, but the loyalty to the lyceum brotherhood, thinning year by year, is indestructible. His bright dreams and hopes. Lyceum brotherhood is a whole life lived together by people of the same generation, during which friends shared all the joys and sorrows, ups and downs, victories and failures, hopes and disappointments. This is spiritual openness and the joy of unity, this is a joint struggle and a commonality of views. This is loyalty in difficult life trials, this is the feeling of a generation. This is a feeling of unity of fate and overcoming the fear of death. It was the lyceum brotherhood that managed to maintain unity in the face of history. Unfortunately, Alexander Sergeevich did not complete this poem. The incompleteness of this poem has acquired an almost symbolic character. In the same way - at the apogee of its development - all Pushkin's creativity suddenly broke off. On this autumn short working day - October 19, 1836, the poet managed to do, in terms of the scope and significance of what he managed, as much as he did in the blessed days of his most fruitful Boldino autumn.

Bibliography

Skvoznikov V. Lyrics of Pushkin, Moscow "Fiction", 1975

Fomichev S. A. Pushkin's poetry. Creative evolution, Leningrad, "Science",

1986

Belinsky VG Articles about Pushkin. Internet resources.