The Southern Triangle is a small constellation in which about twenty stars can be distinguished with the naked eye. The three brightest stars form a characteristic figure of the constellation - a triangle, which is clearly visible in the sky.
The brightest star is alpha Southern Trianguli, it has magnitude 1.9. It is an orange supergiant located more than 400 light-years from Earth. In some sources, the star Alpha Southern Triangle is referred to as Atria. The word "atria" is an abbreviation of the words alpha, triangulum and australis. The first word is a letter Greek alphabet, which denoted the brightest star in the constellation.
Stars (beta and gamma of the Southern Triangle are blue giants, having almost the same brightness - 2.82 and 2.85, respectively. However, the gamma star of the Southern Triangle is variable. Two more stars, delta and epsilon of the Southern Triangle, have magnitude 4, all the rest are two bright Cepheids are of particular interest to the observer: R of the Southern Triangulum with a period of brightness change from 6.0 to 6.8 in 3.4 days and S of the Southern Triangulum, which changes its brightness from 6.1 to 6.7 in 6.3 days.
NGC 6025 is a star cluster on the edge of the Square, which has a total magnitude of 6.0 magnitude, which makes it an excellent object for observation by amateur astronomers. With binoculars, you can distinguish up to thirty stars belonging to this cluster. The distance to NGC 6025 is over 2000 light years. It was discovered by the French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.
In the Southern Triangle is another interesting galaxy- NGC 5938. It belongs to the class of barred spiral galaxies and has a total brightness of 11.7 magnitudes. It can only be observed with fairly large telescopes.
Amerigo Vespucci was born on March 9, 1454 in Florence. Participating in several Spanish and Portuguese expeditions in 1499-1504. to the shores South America, which he called the New World, he first suggested that these lands - new part Sveta. Lorraine cartographer M. Waldze-Müller called this new land in 1507 America named after the famous Florentine. It is believed that Amerigo Vespucci was one of the discoverers of South America, the Amazon Delta, the Gulf of Venezuela, the Maracaibo lagoon and the Brazilian Highlands.
Looking for a constellation in the sky
The constellation is visible at latitudes from -90° to +53°. Therefore, it is not observed on the territory of Russia. The best conditions for observations are in June. Neighboring constellations: Square, Altar, Compass, Bird of Paradise.
The Southern Triangle in autumn is low above the horizon and at midnight approaches the meridian above southern part horizon. Directly below it, the Bright Stars of an almost completely set Centauri are visible. On the right you can see the "tail" of the Scorpion setting over the horizon.
In winter, the Southern Triangle passes the meridian and moves across the sky towards the east. At midnight, it has already completely appeared above the horizon and "catches up" with the bright stars Rigil Centaurus and Hadar of the constellation Centaurus, which is located to its left.
In summer, the Centaurus is already to the right of the Southern Triangle, which passed the meridian in its highest point above the horizon, and begins to descend from heaven to earth. Below and to the right of it is the bright Southern Cross. Scorpio "floats" above and to the right.
(lat. Triangulum Australe) is a constellation in the southern hemisphere of the sky, lying south of the Square partly in the Milky Way. brightest star 1.9 visible magnitude. It occupies an area of 110 square degrees in the sky, contains 32 stars visible to the naked eye.
Its closest neighbors are the constellations , Bird of Paradise, Compasses and Square.
On a clear and moonless night with the naked eye, about 20 stars can be distinguished in this constellation. With the exception of three, all the rest are at the border of visibility with the naked eye. The three brightest stars (one - the second, and two - the third magnitude) are the brightest not only in the constellation of the Southern Triangle, but also in neighboring areas celestial sphere. It is these three stars that form a triangle that attracts the attention of residents. southern countries, and this explains the name of the constellation.
On the territory of Ukraine and the Russian Federation, this constellation is not visible. Full visibility- at latitudes south of +20°. Better conditions observations - June.
Story
New constellation. It was proposed as a separate constellation on Plancius' celestial globe in 1589. Introduced in scientific practice Johann Bayer in 1603 in his star atlas Uranometria.
click on the image to enlarge it
| Lat. title | Triangulum Australe |
|---|---|
| Reduction | Tra |
| Symbol | |
| right ascension | from 14h45 to 17h00 |
| declination | -70° to -60° |
| Square | 110 sq. degrees |
| brightest stars (value< 3 m) |
|
| meteor showers | |
| neighboring constellations |
|
| The constellation is visible at latitudes from +30° to -90°. The best time for observation - not observed |
|
Southern Triangle- click on the image to enlarge it name Triangulum Australe (genus n. Trianguli Australis) Abbreviation TrA Symbol Southern Triangle Right Ascension ... Wikipedia
SOUTHERN TRIANGLE- (Triangulum Australe), a circumpolar constellation in the southern part of the sky, located south of the constellation Norma. The three brightest stars Alpha, magnitude 1.9, Beta and Gamma (both 2.9) form a distinct triangle. open cluster NGC 6025… … Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary
SOUTHERN TRIANGLE- (lat. Triangalum Australe) constellation of the Southern Hemisphere ... Large encyclopedic Dictionary
southern triangle- noun, number of synonyms: 1 constellation (121) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary
Southern Triangle- (lat. Triangulum Australe), the constellation of the southern hemisphere of the sky. * * * SOUTHERN TRIANGLE SOUTHERN TRIANGLE (lat. Triangalum Australe), constellation of the Southern Hemisphere. Introduced by Bayer (see BAYER Johann Jakob) ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Southern Triangle- ("Southern Triangle") the constellation of the Southern Hemisphere of the sky, the brightest star of 1.9 visual magnitude (See Magnitude). It is not visible on the territory of the USSR. Cm. starry sky … Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Southern Triangle- a small constellation between 15h and 16h right ascension and 65° and 70° south declination. Partly located in the Milky Way. Surrounded by the constellations Centaurus, Altar, Bird of Paradise. Placed on a star chart by Bayer (see Constellations). The brightest star... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
Southern Triangle- a new southern circumpolar constellation. In the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere, it is always below the horizon.
Legend
Zones
Zodiac
Milky Way
The constellations through which the Milky Way considering its brightness.
families
Prototypes
Characters? animals? inanimate objects?
Almagest
Messier
The number of Messier objects in the constellation. The lighter the background of the constellation, the more objects in it.
Latitudinal constellation visibility
constellation area
Number of constellation stars
Limiting magnitudeUse the left mouse button to emulate parallax shift.
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Objects
Navigational stars
Story
Southern Triangle is a new constellation. Its history intersects with the history of appearance in the sky and heavenly maps Southern Cross. The Southern Cross and Southern Triangle are two iconic constellations in the southern sky.
Like the Southern Cross, the Southern Triangle is oddly mentioned by Dante in " Divine Comedy"("Purgatory", VIII, 88-90), as a counterpoint to the description of the four stars of the Southern Cross ("Purgatory", I, 22-23)
... "Those that you saw before dawn,
Bow down, all four, in due time;
They were replaced by a three-star this.
(But according to other researchers of Dante's work, these are the three bright stars of the southern hemisphere of the sky - Canopus, Achernar and Fomalhaut. None of them is included in the Southern Triangle.)
The Divine Comedy was written in the first quarter of the 14th century, and it is not entirely clear where its author got the information about the constellations of the then inaccessible southern hemisphere. However, there is nothing impossible here, because the Arabs at that time quite reached the equator along the east coast Africa where Somalia is.
The stars of the Southern Cross appear for the first time in a drawing by Master Joao ( Maitre Joao). This is a Spanish navigator who sailed under the Portuguese flag and reached Brazil in 1500 under south latitude 18°. In a simple drawing without a coordinate grid and no figures whatsoever, we recognize the Southern Triangle, as well as the two stars of Centaurus (α and β), and the constellations Southern Cross and Fly.
A little later, in 1502, Amerigo Vespucci ( Amerigo Vespucci) describes, probably, three stars of this particular constellation as right triangle nine and a half degrees from the pole.
Plancius realized that the coordinates of the two constellations (Cross and Triangulum) were inaccurate and "corrected" them in the globes of 1592 and 1594 - despite the fact that other cartographers decided not to use them yet. Finally, in 1598, after astronomical observations Houtman and Keyser during
AT southern hemisphere also exists, only Southern Triangle. Three bright stars with a brightness below the 3rd magnitude will serve as an excellent guide in the starry sky.
Legend and history
The first mention of the constellation Southern Triangle dated 1503. The Florentine traveler in his works for the first time marked this part of the sky in his works. After, in 1589, the Dutch astronomer and theologian Peter Plancius singled out a section of the sky as a separate constellation. In 1603, the German astronomer Johann Bayer in a star atlas "Uranometry" added constellation. Since then, it has been introduced into scientific practice.
Characteristics
The most interesting objects to observe in the constellation Southern Triangle
1. Open star cluster C 95 (NGC 6025)
(image clickable)
NGC 6025- very bright and saturated. It consists of about 60 stars brighter than the 7th magnitude and about a hundred more stars with a brightness of 8 m +. The total brightness of the cluster is 5.1 m , the apparent angular dimensions are 15'. The distance to the investigated object is about 2 thousand light years.
The cluster was first discovered by French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in 1751 while traveling through South Africa.
NGC 6025 it can be seen as a small star island even naked eye. In binoculars, the stars break up into separate components. In telescoping it is already possible to consider in detail separate sections clusters.
First finds bright star βTrA(2.83 m) and move the pipe perpendicularly from the center to the edge of the constellation. On the edge of the constellation Square notice the cluster NGC 6025.
NGC 5938- small and very old spiral galaxy with jumper SBbc. It measures 2.8' × 2.5', has an apparent magnitude of 10.9m, and a surface brightness of 12.9m.
In a professional telescope with a primary mirror diameter of 300 millimeters or more, the “sleeves” are clearly visible in the galaxy, as well as the inhomogeneous central part
There are two ways to spot a galaxy through a telescope: start the route from the third brightest star γTrA or from a less bright but closer star ε Tra.
