"How the ocean embraces the globe..." Fyodor Tyutchev
As the ocean embraces the globe,
Earthly life is surrounded by dreams;
Night will come - and sonorous waves
The element hits its shore.That is her voice; he urges us and asks...
Already in the pier the magic boat came to life;
The tide is rising and taking us fast
Into the immensity of dark waves.The vault of heaven, burning with star glory,
Mysteriously looks from the depths -
And we are sailing, a flaming abyss
Surrounded on all sides.
Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ..."
For the first time, the poem "As the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ..." was published in the magazine "Galatea" in 1830 under the title "Dreams". The key image of the work is the image of the abyss, which is often found in the work of Tyutchev. Here she is presented to readers as mysterious and beautiful. With the help of just a few lines, the poet managed to convey all the splendor of the night sky strewn with stars. Why does this amazing picture scare a person? Behind the depths of the abyss lies something that the mind cannot comprehend. This is how almost primal fear is born. The starry sky in the course of the poem turns into a fiery abyss, which allows Tyutchev to simultaneously demonstrate two feelings - admiration and fear.
It is extremely important for “How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ...” the motive of sleep, which is also characteristic of other works of the poet, for example, “Dream on the Sea”, ““. Immersion in a dream gives a chance to the lyrical hero to comprehend the secrets of the universe, to touch life own soul outside of reality, the laws of reason. The night becomes a time of revelations. A person responds to her call, strives for knowledge. But to comprehend the secrets of the universe is almost impossible, and therein lies the tragedy. According to Tyutchev, people are constantly forced to swim, surrounded on all sides by a flaming abyss. They are lonely, weak in mind. It turns out that a person is just a helpless grain of sand on a scale infinite universe, an eternal wanderer, never stopping moving for a moment. Immeasurability surrounds him: below - the ocean, above - the sky. The infinity and boundlessness of the world for the poet is not just a philosophical maxim. They are incorporated into his spiritual life. For Fedor Ivanovich there was no division into space and personal. His individual being is completely dissolved in the universal.
“How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ...” is usually attributed to the “night” lyrics of Tyutchev. It is characterized by the use high vocabulary and words Church Slavonic. In addition, poeticisms are often found. As for the poem under consideration, in it the “voice” belongs to the first category, and the “boat” belongs to the second.
Tyutchev is a poet-philosopher. This thesis in once more is confirmed by a careful study of the "night" lyrics. It can be used to understand Fedor Ivanovich's attitude to man and his destiny, to the problems of cognition, to the cosmos, to the being of an individual.
Analysis poetic text(based on the poem by F. I. Tyutchev “How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ...”) As the ocean embraces the globe of the earth, Earthly life is surrounded by dreams; Night will come - and with sonorous waves the Element hits its shore. Then her voice: he forces us and asks ... Already in the pier the magic boat came to life; The tide rises and quickly takes us Into the immensity of dark waves. The vault of heaven, burning with the glory of the stars, Mysteriously looks from the depths, - And we are floating, surrounded by a flaming abyss. From all sides. The poem “Like the ocean embraces the globe…” was written in 1830, when Tyutchev lived in Munich, where he met with famous German writers and philosophers (Heine, Schiller, etc.), so his poems are replete with philosophical reflections. From the first lines, the hero plunges into a night's sleep, which captures him. Declared topic nightlife the human soul characterizes all of Tyutchev's work. Compositionally, the poem is clearly divided into three parts by stanzas that define the idea of the text. The author compares two worlds: the majestic and formidable world of the elements of the ocean and the world of the night, which fascinates a person. Sleep is a state of consciousness when a person cannot control his body and thoughts, when he receives information from another world, sleep is the border between mystery and reality, a link between the material and spiritual worlds, “day and night”. The elements are similar, but one dominates the human body, and the other - over his thoughts. The heroes are fascinated by the magic of the night, which “forces and begs”. In the dusk of the night, the heroes must find a path that will lead them to land, but the tide carries them away. The elements surrounding the characters are combined into one whole, expressing themselves through each other. “Deep Sky” and “Burning Abyss” - a complete merger of the elements, catharsis, crucial point In human life. The heroes are surrounded by the abyss, they are in the power of the universe - a harmonious, but unknown world. The prow is a lifeboat that prevents heroes from being captured, but it cannot withstand the elements forever. The author breaks the story, leaving the characters to themselves and the world around them.
Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev entered the history of Russian literature as a highly gifted lyric poet who expressed in his work a romantic understanding mental life human and natural life. He continued the traditions of Zhukovsky and German romantic culture, but developed them on the basis of a new philosophical worldview. The poet abandoned the lyrical-epic kind of poetry, he does not have the motives of fantasy, characteristic of Zhukovsky's ballads. Tyutchev devoted his lyrics to philosophical and psychological problems. His understanding of life evoked a mood of deep tragedy, which became the main motive for the poet's work. At the same time, Tyutchev's lyrics are full of romantic significance, differ in depth of analysis. emotional experiences and perception of nature; in that - forte his creativity.
The true greatness of the poet Tyutchev is found in his philosophical lyrics. And although for the entire first half of the 1830s only five of his poems appeared in print, it was in the works of this period of creativity that the author the highest degree manifests itself as a brilliant artist, a deep thinker, a subtle psychologist, able to talk about the meaning of human existence, the life of nature, the connection of man with this life, love. It is to this period of the poet's work that the poems “How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth” (1830) and “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers” (1835) belong.
“I am horrified by the eternal silence of these endless spaces,” wrote Pascal, whose philosophy so struck Tyutchev’s imagination. Is it not from here that images appeared in the poet's lyrics that cause a person to feel anxiety, which is especially aggravated at night, when the ghostly barrier disappears - visible world- between a person and the “abyss” with its “fears and darkness”:
As the ocean embraces the globe,
Earthly life is surrounded by dreams;
Night will come - and sonorous waves
The element hits its shore ...
A veil has descended on the world of day;
The movement was exhausted, labor fell asleep ...
Over the sleeping hail, as in the tops of the forest,
Woke up a wonderful, daily rumble ...
A sightless "night" person has a sharper hearing, and he hears a "daily rumble", the noise of the elements, which reminds him of his "dear", but no less terrible primordial chaos. This feeling of approaching the unknown, the incomprehensible brings together the poems “How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth” and “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers” in terms of subject matter, in general mood.
On the other hand, the very nature of the experiences of the lyrical hero in the first poem is profoundly different from the nature of the experiences of the hero of Tyutchev's second work. In the first case, the hero feels that he, a man, an inhabitant of the Earth, is surrounded on all sides by a real, real abyss - the Universe. What is the Universe? It's scary to even think about it. In the second case lyrical hero makes a timid attempt to "explore the unknown", he even dares to make an assumption about the origin, about the nature of the Universe:
Where does this incomprehensible rumble come from? ..
Or mortal thoughts liberated by sleep,
The world is incorporeal, audible, but invisible,
Now swarms in the chaos of the night:
Uncertainty for Tyutchev is invariably identified with the image of nature, for example, in the poem "How the ocean embraces the globe of the earth ..." non-existence is embodied in the image of the ocean, the raging elements, and in the poem "How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers ..." - in the image of the starry sky. This technique is often referred to in the literature as animation. But here a special case. Animate like artistic technique there is a kind of metaphor. In Tyutchev, the animation of nature occurs without any metaphorical basis. Tyutchev's animation is not an artistic technique, but a philosophical conviction, not a "beautiful word", but an exact name, calling things by their proper names. Indeed, the ocean and the starry sky evoke in the reader an inevitable association with infinity, with the other world, which comes to a person only in a dream. And the images of the Earth, garden, apple trees, flowers represent real life, phenomena, accessible to man. Hence the parallel “day - night” that arises in both poems: day, like “earthly life”, is understandable, it can be described and studied, it is bright and clear, but it is replaced by night, which, on the contrary, embodies something elusive, elusive, mysterious. These two categories, like black and white, remind of the very essence of nature - the struggle and unity of opposites, and therefore of the essence of a person floating through life:
And we are sailing, a flaming abyss
Surrounded on all sides.
Based comparative analysis two poems by F.I. Tyutchev, we can conclude that in the philosophical lyrics of the poet, the landscape is a cast from what is inside and outside of a person. Man, thus, according to the poet, is the meeting place of two abysses, the world and chaos, and is the connection and union of these two worlds. It is difficult to express all this logically and consistently, in strict terms and concepts. Obviously, there is only one opportunity to say the inexpressible, to express the inexpressible - the one that Tyutchev took advantage of. The image found by the great poet cannot but delight with its capacity and expressiveness. As I.S. Turgenev, describing creative method Tyutchev: “Each of his poems began with a thought, but a thought that, like a fiery point, flared up under the influence of a deep feeling or a strong impression; As a result, Mr. Tyutchev's thought never appears naked and abstract to the reader, but always merges with the image taken from the world of the soul or nature, imbued with it, and it itself penetrates inseparably and inseparably.
F. Tyutchev masterfully displayed human being using images of nature. A prime example This is the poem "As the ocean embraces the globe." Schoolchildren study it in the 10th grade. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis"As the ocean embraces the globe" according to the plan.
Brief analysis
History of creation- the work was written between 1828 and 1830, first published under the title "Dreams" in the journal "Galatea" in 1830.
Theme of the poem- human dreams.
Composition– In terms of meaning, the poem is not divided into parts, representing the author’s holistic reflection on human dreams. Formally, the poem consists of three quatrains.
Genre- elegy.
Poetic size - iambic pentameter, in the first stanza the rhyme is ring ABBA, in the second and third - cross ABAB.
Metaphors- “earthly life is surrounded by dreams”, “the tide rises and quickly carries us into the immensity of dark waves”, “we are swimming, surrounded on all sides by a flaming abyss”.
epithets – "sounding waves", "magic boat", "dark waves", "star glory".
Comparison - “As the ocean embraces the globe of the earth, earthly life is surrounded by dreams all around.”
History of creation
The work was written in 1828-1830, when the poet lived in Munich. Abroad, he had the opportunity to communicate with German philosophers and masters of the pen. So philosophical motives begin to prevail in his work.
The analyzed poem was first published in the magazine "Galatea" under the title "Dream". In the same periodical other works of Tyutchev were also printed. They demonstrated the talent of the poet, but they did not bring him fame.
Subject
The poem develops the theme of human dreams. The author interprets the motif common in world literature in an original way, creating vivid metaphorical images. In the center of the work is the lyrical "I", which in the last stanza smoothly turns into "We".
The lyrical hero is almost imperceptible, his thoughts and fantasy are much more important. In the first stanza, he compares dreams to the ocean. Life is perceived as something inseparable from sleep. Dreams are a powerful element with "resonant waves".
The sleepy element calls out to a man and quickly carries his boat away into the distance of its waves. In the third stanza, it turns out that the ocean is actually the sky, beckoning us with its stars and mystery. People float in the flaming abyss during their dreams. Thus, F. Tyutchev develops the idea that, having fallen asleep, a person enters the sky.
Composition
The composition of the poem is simple. In terms of meaning, it is not divided into parts, representing a holistic monologue about human dreams. Formally, the poem consists of three quatrains.
Genre
The genre of the poem is an elegy, so in the story the lyrical hero indulges in leisurely philosophical reflections on the problem posed. Poetic size - iambic pentameter. The author used different types rhymes: in the first stanza - ring ABBA, in the second and third - cross ABAB. The work has both male and female rhymes.
means of expression
To reveal the theme, the poet created bright original images, using expressive means in each verse. Dominate the text metaphors: earthly life is surrounded by dreams”, “the tide rises and quickly carries us into the immensity of dark waves”, “we are swimming, surrounded on all sides by a flaming abyss”. With help comparisons created key image: "as the ocean encompasses the globe of the earth, earthly life is surrounded by dreams all around" . epithets complete the picture: “sonorous waves”, “magic boat”, “dark waves”, “star glory”.
The noise of the ocean is reproduced with the help of the alliteration “s”, “h”: “the night will come - and the elements beat their shore with sonorous waves”.
As the ocean embraces the globe,
Earthly life is surrounded by dreams;
Night will come - and sonorous waves
The element hits its shore.
That is her voice; he urges us and asks...
Already in the pier the magic boat came to life;
The tide is rising and taking us fast
Into the immensity of dark waves.
The vault of heaven, burning with star glory,
Mysteriously looks from the depths -
And we are sailing, a flaming abyss
Surrounded on all sides.
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