Capital: Baku
Official language: Azerbaijani
Location: A state in Asia, in Transcaucasia, in the east it is washed by the waters of the Caspian Sea. It borders in the north with Russia (with the Republic of Dagestan), in the west with Georgia, Armenia, in the south with Iran.
Square: 86.6 thousand km²
Administrative division: is divided into 66 districts, 12 cities of republican subordination and 1 autonomous republic - the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. The division into districts has been preserved since Soviet times. The districts are divided into municipalities. In total there are 2698 municipalities in Azerbaijan. The two cities of republican subordination, Baku and Ganja, are in turn divided into districts.
Population: 9 million 494 thousand (for 2012)
Telephone code: +994
Currency unit: Azerbaijani manat (AZN), in 1 manat there are 100 qapiks.

Flag

Coat of arms

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Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan

Milli Mejlis Republic of Azerbaijan- unicameral legislative body of power of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The Milli Majlis was first formed after the Azerbaijani Democratic Republic proclaimed itself an independent sovereign state supreme body The government of the country is the National Assembly. After the collapse Soviet Union unicameral body legislature was revived on November 26, 1991 on the basis of a conciliatory parliamentary commission of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan.

Compound: 125 deputies.

How elected: Deputies of the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan are elected for 5 years on the basis of the majoritarian electoral system and general, equal and direct elections by free, personal and secret ballot. Any citizen of the Republic of Azerbaijan who is at least 25 years of age can be elected as a deputy of the Milli Majlis.

www.meclis.gov.az

Asadov
Oktay Sabir Chairman of the Milli Mejlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan

Born on January 3, 1955 in the village of Shekherdzhik, Kafan region of the Armenian SSR. Graduated from the Azerbaijan State Petrochemical Institute.
Since 1979, he worked as a chief engineer in the Azerbaijan Department of Main Structures and Special Construction Works.
Since 1981, he has been the chief technologist, head of department, head of the Azertechstroy trust.
From 1996 to 2005 President of the Absheron Regional Joint Stock Water Society.
Council Member political party"New Azerbaijan".
He was a deputy of the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan of the II convocation.
In November 2005 he was elected as a deputy from the 45th Absheron constituency.
Since December 2, 2005 - Chairman of the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

General information about Azerbaijan
Republic of Azerbaijan. Coat of arms and flag of Azerbaijan. Population of Azerbaijan

Dear visitor of our portal, have you ever been to Azerbaijan? If yes, then surely there are warm memories and a desire to visit this amazing country more than once. If not, then you definitely need to see everything with your own eyes.

We invite you and your friends to visit Azerbaijan and its capital - the city of Baku!
Do you want to get in touch with the history of past centuries, architectural monuments, visit comfortable resorts with sandy beaches, walk along flowering meadows, plunge into the azure sea, climb to the top of the mountain, the slopes of which are covered with forests? And that's all - Azerbaijan, a country that you can visit!

You have decided to go on a trip to Azerbaijan, get acquainted with its sights, then you will be interested to learn about the resorts of Azerbaijan.

You will learn about respectable and inexpensive hotels where you can have a good rest, choose souvenirs for yourself and your friends, taste national dishes.
By visiting this amazing camp, you will learn how beautiful Azerbaijan is!
Tourist attractions of Azerbaijan are waiting for you!

Welcome to Azerbaijan!

The national flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan consists of three horizontal stripes of equal width. The top stripe is blue middle lane- red, bottom stripe - green. Under blue color the Turkic origin of the Azerbaijani people is implied, the red color reflects the modernization of society and the development of democracy, and green color indicates belonging to the Islamic civilization. In the middle of the red stripe, a crescent with an eight-pointed star is depicted in white. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 1:2.

The coat of arms of the Republic of Azerbaijan looks like this: star - white, fire - red, oak branches - green, ears of corn - yellow color. The shield represents the military power of the state, the heroism of the people. The edges of the shield and the stars are covered with a golden color, the acorns of the oak and the buttons of the shield are also golden. Oak branches, meaning glory and strength, and ears of corn - abundance, productivity, are traditional symbols. The eight-pointed star is a type of ornamental pattern that is widely used in the architectural and jewelry art of Azerbaijan. The star is also depicted on the state flag of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The fire in the center of the coat of arms is depicted in the form of the word "Allah", written in the old alphabet.

Azerbaijan area: 86.600 sq. km.
Population of Azerbaijan: 9,590,159 people (2013)
Capital of Azerbaijan: Baku city
President of Azerbaijan: Ilham Heydarovich Aliyev
Azerbaijan language: Azerbaijani, Russian, writing based on Latin script
Religion of Azerbaijan: Islam
Monetary unit of Azerbaijan: 1 manat = 100 kapik
Internet zone:.az
Azerbaijan phone code: +994
Time: GMT + 4 hours, summer time: GMT+5 hours

Currency
The national currency is the Azerbaijani manat (AZM). Foreign currency, traveler's checks are exchanged for Azerbaijani manats in all banks. In addition, currency exchange can be carried out at official currency exchange offices located everywhere, the receipt of the exchange must be kept before leaving the country. Anyone who changes currency with private individuals runs the risk of becoming a victim of fraud and is himself responsible for possible abuses.

Credit cards
As a rule, in hotels you can pay with a credit card. However, it is recommended to find out in advance whether your credit card will be accepted. There are ATMs in the most important business centers, large shops, metro stations, with the help of which you can get cash.

Memorial Day of Martyrs

National holidays
New Year	1st of January
International Women's Day	March 8
Navruz Bayramy	March 20-21
Victory Day	9th May
Republic Day	May 28
National Salvation Day	June 15
National Army Day	June 26
State Independence Day	October 18
Constitution day	November 12
National Revival Day	November 17
Day of Solidarity of Azerbaijanis of the World	Dec. 31
Religious holidays
Ramadan Bairamy
Gurban Bayramy
Memorable days
January 20th
Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Khojaly	February 26
Azerbaijani Genocide	March 31

Geography of Azerbaijan

The Republic of Azerbaijan is a state located on the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, in the east of Transcaucasia. It borders Iran in the south, Armenia in the west, and Georgia and Russia (Dagestan) in the north. The exclave of Azerbaijan is the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, bordering Armenia in the northeast, Iran in the south, and Turkey in the west. Mountains occupy more than half of the entire territory of Azerbaijan. So, in the south-east it is the Lankaran lowland and the Talysh mountains, in the middle part of the country there is the Kura lowland, and in the north of Azerbaijan - the ridge of the Caucasus.

State structure of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan is the so-called presidential republic, in which the president is elected for a period of 5 years by popular vote. The president-elect appoints government officials. Milli Majlis or parliament is the highest legislature and the cabinet of ministers is executive.

Weather in Azerbaijan

Within this country, several types of climate can be distinguished: in the Lankaran lowland there is a humid subtropical and dry climate, and in the highlands of the Greater Caucasus - mountain tundra. Average annual air temperatures range from 15°C to 0°C (in the lowlands and, accordingly, in the mountains). The average July temperatures in the plains reach 26°C, and in the highlands they are about 5°C, while the average January temperatures, respectively, vary from 3°C to -10°C. Well, the summer in Azerbaijan can be called dry. The distribution of precipitation is uneven: on the plains about 200 to 300 mm per year falls, in the foothills - about 300-900 mm, in the highlands of the Greater Caucasus - from 900 to 1400 mm per year, and within the Lankaran lowland - up to 1700 mm per year. The maximum amount of precipitation in Lankaran falls precisely on winter period, and in the foothills and mountains - for the period from April to September.

Language of Azerbaijan

The state language is Azerbaijani language. Armenian and Russian are also widely spoken.

Religion of Azerbaijan

As for religion, about 93.4% are Shiite Muslims, and the Georgian, Armenian and Russian minorities also profess different forms Orthodoxy.

Currency of Azerbaijan

AZN is international name Azerbaijani currencies. The import and export of currency in the country is not limited, while the declaration is required. Banks in Baku are open from 9 am to 5.30 pm, but there are banks that continue to work until late in the evening, besides, most exchange offices work around the clock. On the periphery, as a rule, bank hours are from 9.30 to 17.30, and some banks work with clients only in the first half of the day. Money can be exchanged not only in banks, but also in numerous exchange offices located in all major cities, including the capital, airports, and hotels. In addition, some shops have their own currency exchange offices. Credit cards are also accepted, but only in large metropolitan supermarkets, in some banks and hotels. In the provinces, credit cards are almost impossible to use. AT big banks and hotels accept traveler's checks to a limited extent, but the number of establishments that switch to their service is gradually increasing.

National features of Azerbaijan

Traditions

A lot of things in the country are subject to centuries-old customs and traditional norms of Islam, so certain orders and rules of conduct should be observed. Women in in public places excessively tight or revealing clothing, as well as miniskirts, should be avoided, while men should avoid wearing sleeveless T-shirts or shorts.

Tips

In most restaurants, tips on the bill amount to about 5-10%, if there is no mention of this on the menu, you can add 10% to the bill (sometimes in advance, which speeds up your service). The porter at the hotel or at the airport, depending on the weight and amount of luggage, you can leave about 5-10 manats. Tips are not accepted in taxis, and the fare must be agreed in advance (taxi drivers usually do not accept currency).

Souvenirs

Azerbaijan is famous all over the world for masters of carpet weaving. Here you can find a huge variety of carpets and carpets. At the same time, it is worth remembering that if the carpet was created before 1960, then it will be subject to export tax, and it will also be necessary to certify it at the Ministry of Culture.

Office Hours

In Baku, most shops open from 9.00 and work until late in the evening. Usually, in the province, shops close around 19.00-20.00. Taxi fares are negotiable, only manats are accepted, taxi drivers almost always work without a meter.

Safety

Immunization against yellow fever, typhoid, hepatitis A and B, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, diphtheria and tetanus is recommended. Theoretically, there is a risk of contracting rabies and meningitis, but cases of infection with these diseases are extremely rare and mainly relate to inland isolated areas.

Mains voltage:

220V

Code of the country:

+994

First level geographic domain name:

.az

Emergency Phones:

United emergency service - 112
Fire Department - 101
Police - 102
Medical Ambulance - 103

Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Republic, a state in the southeastern part of Transcaucasia. Area - 86.6 thousand square meters. km. It borders on Russia in the north, Georgia in the northwest, Armenia in the west, Iran in the south, Turkey in the extreme southwest, and the Caspian Sea in the east.

Azerbaijan since the beginning of the 19th century. until 1918 was part of Russian Empire, from 1918 to 1920 was an independent state, from 1922 to 1991 was part of the USSR. On August 30, 1991, state independence was proclaimed (the official date of establishing independence is October 18, 1991). The capital and largest city of Azerbaijan is Baku. The republic de jure includes two administrative entities: Nakhichevan Republic and the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, de facto separated from Azerbaijan (until 1991 - Autonomous region), inhabited mainly by Armenians.

Nature

Relief

More than half of the territory of Azerbaijan is occupied by mountains belonging to the system of the Greater Caucasus in the north (the ridges of the Greater Caucasus with the peak of Bazarduzu, 4480 m, and the Side with the peak of Shahdag, 4250 m) and the Lesser Caucasus in the west and southwest. The highlands of the Greater Caucasus are characterized by glaciers and turbulent mountain rivers; the middle mountains are strongly dissected by deep gorges. From west to east, the mountains of the Greater Caucasus first gradually, and then sharply lower and are replaced by a system of low ridges. The mountains of the Lesser Caucasus are less high, they consist of numerous ridges and the volcanic Karabakh highlands with cones of extinct volcanoes. In the extreme southeast are the Lankaran Mountains, which consist of three parallel ridges. Main summit the highest Talysh ridge Kyomyurkoy reaches 2477 m. The mountains of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus are separated by the vast Kura-Araks lowland.

To the northeast of the Greater Caucasus lies the Kusar Plain. The northwestern and northern part of the Kura-Araks lowland is a system of hills, low ridges and valleys; in the center and east are alluvial plains, near sea ​​coast- low delta of the Kura river. The low-lying Apsheron Peninsula and the Kura Spit jut deep into the Caspian Sea.

Rivers and lakes

More than 1000 rivers flow through the territory of Azerbaijan, but only 21 of them have a length of more than 100 km. Kura, largest river Transcaucasia, crosses the territory of Azerbaijan from northwest to southeast and flows into the Caspian Sea. The main tributary of the Kura is the Araks. Most of the rivers of Azerbaijan belong to the Kura basin. Rivers are used for irrigation. The Mingachevir hydroelectric power station and the Mingachevir reservoir (605 sq. km) were built on the Kura. There are 250 lakes in Azerbaijan, the largest of them are Lake. Hadjikabyul (16 sq. km) and lake. Boyukshor (10 sq. km).

Climate. Most of Azerbaijan is located in subtropical zone. Several types of climate are distinguished within the country, from dry and humid subtropical (Lenkoran) to mountain tundra (highlands of the Greater Caucasus). Average annual temperatures vary from 15°C in the lowlands to 0°C in the mountains. The average July temperatures range from 26°C in the plains to 5°C in the highlands, and the average January temperatures, respectively, from 3°C to –10°C. The summer is dry. Precipitation is unevenly distributed: 200–300 mm per year on the plains (less than 200 mm in the Baku region), 300–900 mm in the foothills, 900–1400 mm in the highlands of the Greater Caucasus, up to 1700 mm within the Lankaran lowland. In Lankaran, the maximum precipitation occurs in winter, in the mountains and foothills - in April - September.

Vegetation

There are more than 4,100 species in the flora of Azerbaijan (of which 9% are endemic, including Eldar pine, Hyrkanian boxwood, Lankaran acacia, Caspian lotus, some species of astragalus, etc.). Dry lowlands are covered with semi-desert and desert vegetation (with a predominance of wormwood and saltwort), as well as ephemeral subtropical vegetation. Salt marshes occur in places. High plains and arid foothills are occupied by sagebrush-bearded steppes, shrubs, steppe-like sagebrush semi-deserts. The southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus, some areas of the Lesser Caucasus, as well as the Talysh mountains at altitudes from 600 to 1800 m are covered with extensive forests of oak, hornbeam, beech, chestnut, acacia, and ash. Tugai forests, alder forests and alder-lapine forests grow in humid lowlands. Subalpine meadows are common in the highlands. The highest peaks are located in the alpine nival belt.

The fauna of Azerbaijan includes approximately 12 thousand

species, including 623 species of vertebrates (more than 90 mammals, about 350 bird species, more than 40 reptile species, more than 80 fish species, the rest are cyclostomes and amphibians). Reptiles, hares, wolves, foxes, goitered gazelle are common on the plains. Wild boars, roe deer, badgers, and jackals are found in the valleys of the Kura and Araks. Red deer, Dagestan tur, chamois, bezoar goat, roe deer, bear, lynx, forest cat, mouflon and leopard live in the mountains. Animals such as sika deer, saiga, raccoon dog, American raccoon, coypu, skunk have been introduced. The world of birds (pheasants, partridges, black grouse, etc.), especially waterfowl, is very diverse. Many of them arrive for the winter (ducks, geese, swans, herons, pelicans, flamingos, cormorants, etc.). There are many valuable commercial fish in the Caspian Sea (salmon, stellate sturgeon, beluga, herring, kutum, vobla, asp, lamprey, sprat, etc.), and among mammals - the Caspian seal.

State of the environment

The Apsheron Peninsula and other coastal areas are among the most environmentally unfavorable areas the globe due to severe air, water and soil pollution. Soil pollution and ground water due to the use of DDT and toxic defoliants in cotton cultivation. Air pollution is associated with industrial emissions in Sumgayit, Baku and other cities. A serious source of sea pollution is the oil-producing and oil-refining industry.

The rich flora and fauna of the country is subjected to strong anthropogenic impact. Forests suffer from logging and grazing. Agricultural land is expanding due to deforestation.

Work is underway in Azerbaijan to protect natural environment. In order to preserve some areas of natural forest, relict flora and rare species animals created 14 reserves and 20 wildlife sanctuaries. Red and sika deer, chamois, goitered gazelle, bezoar goat, mouflon, roe deer, and saiga are especially protected.

Population

According to the results of the last census conducted in the USSR, in Azerbaijan in 1989, out of 7029 thousand people, the share of ethnic Azerbaijanis (before the formation of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1936 was called Caucasian Tatars, Transcaucasian Muslims or Caucasian Turks) accounted for 5813 thousand, or 82.7%.

The largest national minorities were Russians (5.6%) and Armenians (5.5%). In addition, Lezgins (4.3%), Avars, Ukrainians, Tatars, Jews, Talysh, Turks, Georgians, Kurds, Udins lived here. After ethnic clashes between Azerbaijanis and Armenians in Sumgayit and Nagorno-Karabakh and as a result of the outflow of the Russian-speaking population and Armenians, the share of Azerbaijanis rose to 89%, and the share of Russians decreased to 3% (as of 1995).

The proportion of mixed marriages is very low. Despite rapid urbanization and social change, Azerbaijani families remain close family ties that play an important role in personal and public life, politics and business.

The official language is Azerbaijani, which belongs to the Turkic languages ​​and is close to Turkish and Turkmen. The role of the Russian language in the 1990s declined significantly.

In 2001, it was estimated that children and adolescents under the age of 15 made up 32% of the population, the economically active population group (men aged 16-62, women aged 16-57) - 59%, people retirement age- 9%. Azerbaijan was characterized high level population growth: in the period from 1979 to 1989 it was 1.7% per year. In the 1990s, the population growth rate slowed down: from 1991 to 1998 they were estimated at 0.5–0.7% per year, in 2001 they amounted to 0.3%. According to 2001 estimates, life expectancy is 63 years (58.6 for men and 67.5 for women). infant mortality- 83.08 per 1000 newborns.

51% of the country's population lives in cities, with more than half of them concentrated in Greater Baku and Sumgayit. The population of Baku, the capital and largest city of the country, is 1228.5 thousand people, and the entire capital region - 2071.6 thousand. The second largest city in the country is Ganja (294.7 thousand), the third is Sumgayit (279.2 thousand). Other large cities are Mingechaur, Ali-Bayramli, Nakhichevan, Lankaran.

Religion

The main religion of Azerbaijan is Islam. With the fall of the Soviet regime, a period of Islamic revival began in Azerbaijan. The majority of Muslims in Azerbaijan are adherents of the Jafarite school (madhhab) in Shiism. About 70% of all Muslims in the country are Shiites, 30% are Sunnis. There are also Orthodox and Jewish communities in Azerbaijan.

Bibliography

For the preparation of this work, materials from the site http://www.krugosvet.ru/ were used.