I love old cemeteries. So when I was researching the city on Googlemap, I was interested in a large green spot on the map of Brooklyn next to Prospect Park and botanical garden called Greenwood Cemetery. When I went to read about this cemetery on the net and found out that it is a national park, there are guided tours around it, I realized that I needed to go there. Moreover, the pictures depicted ponds with fountains and goldfish.
A bit of free history.
O one of the first necroparks in America, which in 1840 marked the beginning of a new direction in the organization of funeral and landscape space, is located in Brooklyn on an area of 194 hectares, which is three and a half times the total area of Novodevichy and Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.
David Bates Douglas, the cemetery engineer who was commissioned by the New York City to lay out Green Wood, was a romantic, in keeping with the spirit of the first half of XIX century. From the very beginning, he decided that his creation would be not just a burial place for the dead, but also a demonstration of the possibilities of landscape architecture, a park for walking, affirming the idea that death, returning a person to nature, can also be beautiful.
Douglas, in love with his brainchild, came up with poetic names for its corners - Serene Backwater, Forest Cliff, Camellia Way. A guidebook with a map showing all the avenues and paths of Green-Wood clearly reflects the wealth of its botanical world: Iris, Jasmine, Fern, Lotus, vine...
A detail that few even in New York remember. The success of the cemetery in Brooklyn, which became a popular tourist attraction, inspired supporters of the creation of a large public park in New York, later called Central, and quickly became the most prestigious area of the city. Its planners, Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, creatively used some of the landscaping techniques tried in Green Wood.
How! And this is just 8 stops on the metro, and without a transfer!
I definitely need to go there!
And on Sunday, left alone at home, I rushed there.
I got out at the 36th Street subway station and immediately did something stupid. Not in vain smart Google drew me a path of 23 minutes around the fence. So it was necessary to go, but I hastily dived into the service entrance and did not go to the main gate.
there were modest burials of the middle class, dated to the beginning of the last century.
And there were no people at all. Only occasionally I was overtaken by cars that came to visit relatives. In America, this day was Father's Day.
But then she reached the beauties, decently circling along the alleys among centuries-old trees.
Unlike our cemeteries, there are no grave mounds, fences and wreaths, there are no photographs on the monuments. Just monuments on a solid green lawn.
although sometimes relatives can plant flowers
Among the monuments there are also family crypts, or mausoleums. paths paved with tiles lead to them
I don't know American history, so the names of famous people buried here do not tell me anything. But sometimes there are namesakes of people I know. Bender
,
Bradbury
and even Capone. Although the same Al Capone was buried in Chicago, and then his relatives transferred his ashes, in my opinion, to Illinois.
I wandered in silence along the alleys of the cemetery and suddenly heard a very unusual and sad melody. A young man stood among the monuments and played .... the bagpipes. it was so solemn and sad that I sat down under a tree and listened. and remembered that today is Father's Day, and my father, with whom I had difficult relationship, I have never been to his grave, I only know that he was buried in Pskov. here, if you look closely, you can see the piper
and then completely unexpectedly overtook me .... a tram
then I realized that it’s true that I’m not the only tourist here and I don’t offend anyone with my idle wandering among other people’s graves, even if they are a national monument. and continued to stagger with a clear conscience.
Walking, I climbed a high hill and saw a lake below
and by the lake rich crypts of white marble
The sign says Lake avenue (Ozernaya Street)
Americans put one family monument, and around the burial of a family member.
Often simply indicated by "mother", "father" or initials
There are very beautiful monuments
there are old, inscriptions on which it is impossible to read
Walking, I still went to the central alleys
Bride of Greenwood Cemetery
In one American city Decatur, which is located in Illinois, has an old Greenwood Cemetery, which rightfully bears the title of "the most damned place in the whole West." Many people who specialize in paranormal activity, believe that it is in this place that the entrance to parallel worlds is located.
The dawn of the cemetery came at the beginning of the twentieth century. At that time, this place was called "The most beautiful city of the dead." It was not an easy cemetery, erected on a site that the indigenous people of these parts used as a burial ground. It was in a way a secular and fashionable place. Now it’s hard to believe that at the beginning of the twentieth century picnics were often held here on weekends, and paved paths made it possible to get to any corner of the cemetery, water supply quenched the thirst of horses in carriages, which also quite often drove around the territory of the necropolis.
When came" a white man”, this place was special and sacred for the Indians, they believed that there was a direct connection with world of the dead and arranged their cemetery in order to facilitate the transition to another world for the souls of the dead. The Europeans destroyed the mounds erected by the Indians. Of course, the souls of the buried people were also disturbed. To this day there are unmarked graves in the southern part of the cemetery. And in the twentieth century, the cemetery became a very actively visited place, because for the poorer segment of the population it was a great opportunity to get closer to the elite of the city and its amusements. All segments of the population tried to snatch a piece of land in an elite cemetery, so that at least after death they could get closer to the life that one can only dream of.
Today this place is teeming with paranormal cases. It seems that here already everyone can see what seemed hidden to the eyes, so much different stories brought with them by the inhabitants of the city, who visited the graves.
Of course, there are also the most favorite stories. Perhaps one of the most popular is the story of the Greenwood Cemetery Bride. This story begins in the distant 1930s. At that time, "Dry Law" entered. Alcohol was banned but still sold. Of course, the people supplying and selling alcohol were breaking the law. One young and handsome guy, who was extremely successful in smuggling alcohol and delivering it to almost all the institutions of the city, was in love. His love was mutual. Despite the prohibitions of the parents, their story did not turn into Shakespearean, the parents resigned themselves to the choice of their daughter. Perhaps we can say that everything would be fine, but the young man was very fond of quick profits. And even on the eve of the wedding, he could not deny himself to get a little richer. The night before the wedding, the young man and his team went to work, hoping to make a good profit. But it was a set-up, and the competitors, who had been sharpening their teeth for a long time, killed the young man in cold blood, and then pushed his body into the river, located not far from Greenwood. It is believed that it was found and pulled out of the river by local fishermen. The next morning, the young girl, who was about to become a bride, brought sad news. She was already in a dress when she was told that her fiancé was no longer alive. In what is, the girl ran to the river. Soon her corpse was also found there - he floated face down in the very place where the groom died. From grief, her mind was clouded and she drowned herself. The bride's parents buried her in her wedding dress. Deciding that she would like it more than anything. The girl was buried in the same cemetery, on a hill, because it was customary to bury suicides there. Especially none of the townspeople did not attach special importance to this occasion. There was a small article in the local newspaper, nothing more. A day later, everyone had already forgotten, since the young man was not the only victim of the deceased because of the “prohibition”. But not much time passed, and a rumor spread around the city that a young lady in a white dress was walking around the cemetery. She was seen by so many people that even law enforcement agencies became interested in this case. Having carefully checked everything, the police did not find any traces of bare female feet, since everyone was sure that this was just a hoax, and someone was trying to cause confusion by diverting attention law enforcement from something more important. But to this day, many locals we are sure that this is the ghost of the same girl who has been looking for her beloved for a hundred years now. And now, after so many years, a beautiful and sad girl in an old wedding dress, wiping tears from her angelic face, walks among the graves, scaring the cemetery visitors half to death.
Greenwood Cemetery also has a Civil War memorial where both those who fought for the Confederates and those who fought for the Federalists are buried. Before that, there was a mausoleum here, which collapsed in 1967 due to an imperfect design. The bodies were reburied, but the gravediggers did not try to separate the bones, threw them into one pile and buried them. Since then, there have been reports that screams and groans are heard from the abandoned mausoleum, and that strange figures and inexplicable phenomena are seen in places of mass reburial.
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Brooklyn map has a large gray area almost correct geometric shape- This is the old cemetery Green-Wood. It takes vast territory and far exceeds in scale many New York city parks. It will take at least half a day to simply walk along all its paths and paths, and it can take more than one day to study it more or less carefully. I already wrote a small one in Queens, and this time I wanted to get more closely acquainted with what a cemetery in New York is like. And so, today, it turned out to be another warm November day, of which there are many in New York, and we are in the company xoxol_xoxlovich and his wonderful wife went to explore this sad, but, unfortunately, an integral part of the city's infrastructure. Inside, we saw many amazing and unusual things for us, and one of the buildings of the cemetery simply amazed us, what we saw there turned out to be so unexpected.
A bit of history: the cemetery was founded in 1838 as rural cemetery Kings County, which later became Brooklyn. The peak of "popularity", if I may say so about the cemetery, came in the second half of the 19th century, it was then that it was customary to bury the most famous and wealthy citizens of the city on it.
1. The main entrance. The gate was built in 1861 in neo-gothic style. 
The cemetery is a large and complex park complex with hills, lakes, large quantity trees and numerous paths and paths. This is what attracted and still attracts a lot of visitors who like to just walk between the graves and look at the old mausoleums and family crypts.
2. Cemetery tour bus. 
In the 1850s, the cemetery was one of the most visited places in America and rivaled Niagara Falls in popularity. It was visited annually by up to half a million visitors who loved to spend here family picnics, walking promenades and leisurely carriage rides.
3. Crypts made in the mountainside. 
It was Green-Wood Cemetery that inspired the authorities to create city parks, including New York's famous Central Park. In 2006, the cemetery was designated a National Historic Landmark.
4. Large crypt. 
Despite their own, almost 130 summer history, Green-Wood Cemetery is still active and burials are made there. The area of the cemetery is almost 2 square kilometers, and in this area there are about 600,000 graves.
5. Chapel at the cemetery. Open, as the sign says - for relaxation, meditation and prayer. You can go inside and sit in silence and twilight on a bench. 
Many famous people of New York are buried at Green-Wood Cemetery. Most famous person resting there, it is perhaps Samuel Morse - the inventor of the telegraphic alphabet named after himself. Henry and William Steinway are also buried there - I had about them; founder and head of PanAm - Juan Trip; composer, pianist and conductor Leonard Bernstein; American artist and designer Louis Tiffany; the most notorious corrupt official in New York history, William Tweed; numerous heroes civil war, politicians, artists, gangsters and other rich and not very citizens of the city.
6. Family mausoleum 
7. Tiffany's very modest grave. Especially against the background of the company's products. 
From visiting a New York cemetery, there are completely different impressions than from visiting almost any Russian one. Even while walking along Golgotha, I thought about what distinguishes the Russian cemetery from the American one so much, why is there a completely different atmosphere here? My version is this - there are no images of people on American graves, there are no photographs or portraits carved in stone, sometimes there is nothing at all. On the grave it can be simply written - mother, or father, and that's it, no names or dates. Rarely where there are crosses. That is why there is no feeling from visiting a cemetery, like from a hike along city of the dead who look at you from every tombstone. A walk through an American cemetery is more like a walk through a landscape park with sculptures, like in some Peterhof or Pushkin. There is no melancholy, fate or human tragedies behind the graves and monuments. These are just silent stones and monuments standing on the sides of the road.
8. One of the graves. No names, no dates. Just father, mother and Kate. 
More distinctive features- there are no fences here and very rarely there are benches near the graves. There are never tables. The graves themselves do not have rectangular shape, most often it is a stone standing vertically, less often a small monument square shape with a statue or a stele, sometimes just a small slab among the grass. There are practically no flowers or wreaths on the graves, neither live nor artificial, they are just tombstones standing on the cut grass among the trees. Despite the outward similarity, the cemetery is different from any park - you can drive a car along any path, and that’s how everyone moves, you can park almost everywhere, and you can smoke here throughout, unlike the same city parks in New York.
9. Mausoleum on the bank of the pond. 
The cemetery is managed by a special foundation, founded in 1999, whose tasks, in addition to managing the cemetery and its preservation, also include the task of promoting it, no matter how strange it sounds. The Foundation hosts various seasonal events such as the annual "Battle of Brooklyn" and Halloween celebrations, as well as daily tours of the grounds. The Foundation attracts volunteers and collects donations. It is also possible to become a permanent member of the foundation, although the call for membership in the cemetery can be regarded rather in two ways. Yes, and photos with happy members of the cemetery, sitting with children on the grass among the graves, make me feel strange.
10. Headstone. 
11.
12. There are trash cans and fire hydrants on the sides of the paths. 
13. Paved paths depart from wide asphalt paths. 
14. Mausoleum 
15. The stone shop caved in from time to time. 
16.
17. Sometimes gravestones are simple. 
18. Sometimes very simple. Only the year and initials. 
19. Sometimes extremely simple - a small stone with only initials. It is possible to determine who is buried here only by the cemetery records. 
20. Very rarely graves are decorated with something. 
21. Russian-Orthodox surrounded by Poles-Catholics. On graves with Russian surnames there is always a photo. 
22. The trees formed a beautiful arch. 
23. And here are indicated not only the names and dates, but even the age at which the person died. But the year of birth must be calculated by yourself. 
24.
25. Old burial. The inscriptions and dates on the stone have been erased in places and are not readable. 
26. Roman column. 
27. More crypts in the mountainside. 
28. Brother and sister. 
29. Arbor. 
30. One more. 
31. Celtic cross. Irish grave. 
32. Praying baby. In fact, he is one and a half times the size of an adult. 
33.
34.
35.
36. Crypt-cross. 
37. General form to the surrounding hills. There are still a lot of free places. 
38.
39.
40. One of the mausoleums outside. 
41. And inside. free space almost not. 
42.
43. Reminiscent of St. Isaac's Cathedral, only without a dome. 
44. Beautiful stained glass. Through it enters sunlight. And on it you can see the Masonic sign. 
45. Good. 
46. Tombstone in the form of a log. Pinocchio's parents? 
47. The man turned all green. 
48. But this building caused us a real shock. They expected to see anything inside, except for what they saw. Inside is... 
April 5 Easter (Sunday)
In the morning I read a hundred new and not very XB. I wondered what Jesus would say if he knew people were texting. We have learned to exchange information quickly, paying for it with the ability to communicate for real. Like a boy from a fairy tale who gave his laughter for the ability to win any argument.
The day was sunny and almost warm. Two days later, in Moscow, I decided to fulfill my old idea, to walk around the Green-Wood Cemetery in New York. At the house, I took the subway and after reaching the D line, I changed to the R to 25th street in Brooklyn. The road took about 45 minutes. I sat and listened to a book. I love the NY subway ... It or it - the subway is made just to make it convenient for people to get there. I thought about it and remembered that I didn’t take a taxi for a month :) Why?
Greenwood Cemetery is a huge park. Unlike the central one, you can’t run, rollerblade, bike, etc. here. Therefore, there are no people walking on tens or hundreds of hectares of land. It does not bother me that someone is buried under every meter of lawn. The whole earth is a big cemetery, and for hundreds of thousands of years someone has died on every meter. But not as beautiful as here. No funerals and mourners. Nature rejoices in spring, and more trees bloom in the Botanic Garden.
At the entrance, an old man sells books, maps of the cemetery, and T-shirts. I wanted to buy a card for 3$. And he asked if it was my first time and gave me a free one. It has 70 major celebrities buried in Green Wood. & On the big one, for $3, there are three hundred of them. Buy it if you come next time. Such is the businessman. The card was not needed. I went through the list and realized how far from the USA. I didn't know anyone except the sculptor who sculpted the Indians. And then, I drew attention to his work in Congress in Washington.
At Pere Lachaise in Paris, I saw about a hundred names from Molière and LaFontaine to Jim Morrison, Makhno and Edith Piaf. Yes. Paris. The native cherry blossoms were in bloom, as plump and profusely rich as New York City itself. It was green and beautiful. The main thing is to be calm and happy. Who would have thought that a trip to the cemetery so lifts the mood. I wanted to buy a place here. I'm getting old. And he himself laughed at his mother's plot. Momento sea. And then the relatives will have less trouble with the funeral. I sat down by a small pond with a fountain. under these cherries. The petals were falling, the water was roaring, grazed wild geese. They were looking for something with their beaks in the grass and all their heads are covered with rose petals. I don’t like everything so sweet, but for what I bought, for that I sold it.
I sat down on a bench and wrote everything at once. At home again there is vanity, and time does not wait. It makes no sense to describe the landscapes, I hope I will print from the photo and it is better to see than to read a hundred times. Of course, lawns in all open spaces are mowed and there are no abandoned graves. Somewhere trees fell in a hurricane and even confirmed the crypt-chapels. I believe everything will be fixed soon. From the hill, you could see Manhattan and the Statue of Liberty. Built in the Financial District new tower instead of the dead twins. There was a bike marathon in Central Park. The city bustled and lived. In Green-Wood, time stopped, and I did not want to leave it at all. I even thought, I was wrong when I thought that they gave me a double portion of the brain, but forgot to put the heart.
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Elite cemetery in New York? Why can't it be found on the map and there is no mention of it on American sites? Maybe it's just all about someone's joke? Let's try to figure it out.
Is there really Greenfield - a cemetery in New York
Some time ago, a discussion began on the Web: what is Greenfield and how does this name relate to a pack of tea on our table? Among the answers, there were often names: “green field”. Nevertheless, many have argued that this is the name of an old cemetery in New York.
There are four cemeteries in New York: Woodlawn, Green Wood, Queens, and Flushing. The name forest) is most similar to Greenfield. Apparently there was an error due to confusion: green forest and green field. In addition, the cemetery really looks like a field. Maybe the reason is that there is a small town of Greenfield not far from New York.
Elite cemetery in New York - Green-Wood
At the height of Brooklyn, there is a necropark of the most high point city of New York. located here viewpoint facing the bay, with a good view of Manhattan.
Once this place did not belong to the city. Also in mid-nineteenth centuries, there was a small county with scattered villages. But the city grew, and so Brooklyn became an urban area.
In 1838, all 194 hectares on the hill are planned to be given for burial. David Bates Douglas is assigned to lay out the park - creative person, a talented landscape architect. He knew from the very beginning that this park would serve not only for the repose of the dead, but to a greater extent for walks and picnics.
There are very expensive crypts here. Once the New York Times ironically noted that the dream of a city dweller is to live on 5th Avenue and lie after death in Green Wood.
How to find it
If you look for Greenfield (cemetery in New York), you will inevitably fail. There is no cemetery with that name in this city, but there is one in Uniondale - this is in South Africa. There is also a necropolis with the same name in Livingston (USA, and in Oklahoma. And in New York there is Green Wood - a very prestigious burial place.
This is the first city park where you could go to relax. By 1850, it was a recognized New York landmark. Richard Upjohn created the Gothic gate, which in itself is a valuable work of art.
Four ponds are picturesquely located on the territory. Along one of them is a row of family crypts overlooking the water. A chapel appeared in 1911. There is a fountain.
Perhaps, if a tourist asks a passer-by in New York: “Where is Greenfield (cemetery)?”, He will be pointed in the direction of Brooklyn, where Green-Wood is located. Several thousand tourists visit it every year. Previously, there were many more, up to half a million. And this is not surprising, because the popular park was in second place among the attractions after Niagara Falls.
Buried here famous people: S. Morse, who invented the alphabet of the same name, the founder of Pan American (a major airline) J. Trip, the Steinway brothers, who produced pianos, designer L. Tiffany.
Lovely park
“Greenfield, an elite cemetery in New York, terribly expensive,” ends the phrase from the Runet Quote about Greenfield tea and the connection of the product with the cemetery. She was recognized as the best, became a joke and led to many requests about a non-existent burial place.
We must pay tribute to the joker, thanks to him many learned about the existence of the beautiful Green-Wood Park. Today, burials are extremely rare here. Mostly visitors are tourists or townspeople who went out for a picnic.
The graves are arranged randomly, which only reinforces the impression of being in a park, and not in a cemetery. No fences, manicured lawns. By the way, there are lawn mowers right there - the park is maintained in good condition.
Beautiful place
The thought involuntarily comes that on 2 square kilometers there is still enough space unoccupied by the graves. So these well-groomed lawns can be called green fields - Greenfield.
An elite cemetery in New York (photos on the territory can only be taken with the permission of the administration) attracts many tourists. However, the filming fee is simple practice for famous landmarks.
Despite the fact that the cost of a place in a cemetery is equal to the price of a small mansion, there are also graves of our compatriots there. They are distinguished by the presence of images of the deceased.
There is no crowding here, birds sing, fountains murmur. Well-groomed asphalt paths, statues everywhere. The trees form large arches - a real park. He enters National treasure United States, and Brooklyn County promotes it.
Halloween is celebrated here. There are many eateries and cafes around. The ponds are arranged in such a way that at night the moonlight falls beautifully on the water surface. There are a lot of people taking pictures at this time. Trees of all shades - from yellow to crimson. Very effective.
Resting-place
Green Wood, or, as it is mistakenly called, Greenfield, is an elite cemetery in New York, beautiful place for walks and recreation with the whole family. Transportation used to be convenient, because Manhattan is about three miles away. There was a ferry, omnibuses, it was possible to use the services of cabs.
From the hills you can see the legendary Statue of Liberty. Well, sitting on the grass, eat the breakfast brought. The appetite did not spoil even at the sight of a rare funeral procession - this park is so spacious. Now you don't even see funerals anymore.
It is curious, but earlier the graves were with fences - they were sent for melting down during the war. The necropark became so popular that other cemeteries, by analogy, began to be called "Greenwood". And where there was no forest - "Greenfield".
Maybe that's why this story happened with the substitution of the concept. Green-Wood has turned into Greenfield, an elite cemetery in New York has become a "green field" instead of a "green forest".
