To check the deviation of the walls from vertical axis There are two measurement methods: using a plumb line and using a level. A wall slope of 0.2% is allowed, that is, the difference between the gap under the ceiling and at the floor does not exceed 2 mm per meter of height. Wall cladding with ceramic tiles is carried out on leveled surfaces, cleaned of dirt, alluvium mortar and grease stains. Old tiles are dismantled with a hammer and chisel. Then the wall is cleaned with a spatula from the remnants of glue or mortar. If the tile was previously laid on a painted surface, then the paint will have to be cleaned from the wall with a spatula or scrapers. We wash the wall from fat with white spirit, because. even if we remove the paint, not all of it may come off. Preparation of ceramic tiles For better adhesion of the tiles to the mortar, before starting work, they should be soaked for some time in water so that their surface is under water. Exact time, necessary for the process of saturating the tile with moisture, is difficult to name. If after some time (10-20 minutes) you take the tile out of the water and, bringing it to your ear, hear a characteristic slight hiss, this means ...
Until December 31, 2004, Rodleben was an ordinary village, but since January 1, 2005, as a result of the reforms, the village was included in the city of Roslau-Dessau, Saxony-Anhalt.
To get to the village, you need to come to it. By car or bus. On weekends, you can’t come to a stop, sit down and go. The Germans believe that the weekend is for that and the weekend, that they only need to relax. Therefore, it will be possible to leave for the city only by calling the transport company.
By railway. Trains run approximately every 2 hours. 
The beginning of each locality can be identified by a bright yellow sign. 
Moving on, we get to the main street. In the villages, the Germans park as they want, occupying up to half of the entire roadway. 
Post in Germany is not losing its positions as rapidly as in Russia. 2-3 letters are received daily from housing and communal services companies, a mobile operator, or from a pension fund. 
In the center of the photo is the center of the village. There is a clock, a map of the village and a stop, and the entire administration of the village is located there.
We turn right and see a voluntary fire department. Since it was unbearably hot in June 2011, the guys threw the ball from hand to hand. I got the impression that the work of firefighters does not burden them in any way. For 2 months of my stay, firefighters never left on a call, only once two cars left for exercises. 
Each German family 1-2 cars. Usually they are all small cars, as gasoline prices bite. In summer it cost more than 1.45 € per litre. Prices fluctuated three times a day. Because of this, each driver tried to guess the time of the most profitable refueling. 
My guest family told me that only German cars can drive on the extreme left lane on the autobahn, since Mercedes, BMW, Audi are considered an indicator of their high status due to high price. On the autobahns, the Germans follow one rule. If there is a traffic jam or an accident ahead, then all drivers turn on the hazard warning lights to warn other road users of a possible danger.
All roads in the village are paved with paving slabs. a) Cheaper and more durable than asphalt. b) You can’t accelerate much on such a road. c) More environmentally friendly. 
And, in fact, the house. This two-story house is quite new, but in Germany it is not customary to build houses from scratch, as it is very expensive and expensive. Heating gas. Gas is Russian, which means it is not cheap. Heating is turned on only when it is really cold. 
Life in the villages of the Germans is as calm as in the Russians.
Despite the constant outflow ethnic Germans to the West, according to the 2010 Russian census, about four hundred thousand Germans (Golendrs, Russian Germans, Swabians and Saxons) still live in our country, while almost one and a half million people have close blood ties with them, and speak German more than two million people.
because of terrible events 20th century: pogroms, wars and repressions, the area of settlement of the Germans has changed a lot, and if before it was fertile lands South of Russia, Crimea and Volyn, now the German population lives mainly in Siberia.
Altai region
Most a large number of Germans live in the Altai Territory. There are 50,701 of them here. In the north-west of the region, almost five hundred kilometers from Barnaul, there is the German National District with its center in the village of Halbstadt (with Soviet power Nekrasovo). The resettlement of Germans to these parts took place as early as 1907–1911, under Emperor Nicholas II, who transferred 60,000 acres of land to the colonists. The Germans lived in the steppes of the Kulundinsky, Blagoveshchensky and Tabunsky regions.
The NNR was abolished by the Bolsheviks after the revolution and restored only in the nineties. During the years of repression, the population was sent to soda mining in the Chkalovsky region or taken to coal mines in Perm.
Despite the hardships, the Germans still have not lost their way of life and live by agriculture, with the help of programs economic aid In Germany, a modern meat processing plant and a dairy plant were built in the region. There are oil mills, mills, cheese dairies. The cultivation of vegetables, sunflower, wheat and fodder crops has been established. The bilingual newspaper Novoye Vremya (Neue Zeit) is published.
Omsk region
Now 50,055 ethnic Germans live in the Omsk region. Most of them are the descendants of the colonists who settled these lands at the end of the 19th century. They moved here from the Stavropol Territory, from the Saratov and Samara provinces. Before the war in Omsk region residents were deported Autonomous Republic Volga Germans and Germans from some other regions of the Central part of the USSR.
The Azov German national region was formed in the autumn of 1991, when it became clear that the revival german republic will not happen in the Volga region. The center of the district was the village of Azovo. AT german area included twenty villages and villages, in sixteen of which the German population was the overwhelming majority.
Now the population of the ANNR lives on agriculture, there are poultry farms, ATPR, construction companies. The locals pay a lot of attention to the preservation of traditions. German is taught in twelve kindergartens and nineteen schools in the district, the bilingual newspaper Ihre Zeitung is published, and festivals of German culture are held annually.
Novosibirsk region
The Novosibirsk region ranks third in terms of the number of Germans among all regions of Russia. 30924 Germans live here. Despite the fact that the Germans are the second largest people inhabiting the region, they do not have their own districts, the population is fragmented, Almost a third German population lives in Novosibirsk. Bagansky, Ust-Tarksky, Karasuksky and Suzunsky regions are leaders among the districts of the region in terms of the number of Germans. Only one in five Germans speaks their native language, and less than a third of the population is engaged in agriculture. Small remote German villages are dying out.
Where else do Germans live?
Quite a lot of Germans live in Kemerovo region(23125 people), in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (22363 people). in Tyumen region(20723 people) and in Chelyabinsk region(18687 people). Much less live in Sverdlovsk region(14914), in Krasnodar Territory(12171) and in the Volgograd region (10102).
After perestroika, the Germans began to actively return to the Volga region, and for some time the German population grew here, but then many left for Europe. AT recent times There has been a reverse process, but it is rather slow.
The diaspora of St. Petersburg stands out from the urban German population. Despite the fact that there are few Germans living here - 2849 people in the city and about two thousand more live in Leningrad region, there is a very active cultural life. At the end of the 20th century in northern capital the "German Society of St. Petersburg" appeared, the publication of the newspaper began on German"St. Petersburgische Zeitung", erected by a German cottage village in Strelna.
Despite all the efforts of national communities, Russian Germans still remain an unrehabilitated people.
Everyone knows what life in the village is associated with for a person from the post-Soviet space. Today I invite my readers to take a short walk through a typical German village in the southwest of the country. There are thousands of such villages in Baden-Wurttemberg and Bavaria, and they all differ little from each other, so everything you read and see here can be safely applied to each of them. Well, let's see how and what lives german village.
My village has 3,000 inhabitants and together with two neighboring villages it forms the community of Hohberg, with a total population of about 8,000 inhabitants. The community is notable for being located at the foot of the mountainous terrain - the Black Forest, and also for being one of the sunniest regions in Germany.
01. From the outside, the village looks like this. The main dominant of the village is the baroque church built in 1754-1756. In general, the village, as is often the case in Germany, has a rich history: the first mention of it dates back to 777.
02. It is difficult to surprise me with the cleanliness and order in Germany, but in the countryside these figures are simply brought to the absolute. During my entire walk, I did not notice a single piece of paper on the streets, they are sterile clean, but you can already see this from the photographs.
03. Many old half-timbered houses have been preserved in this region - in the photo there is a hotel located almost in the very center of the village.
04. Basically, the streets look like this: modern faceless houses with triangular roofs, asphalt and tiles. Dirt roads not at all in the village.
05. Also, there are no abandoned or even shabby houses, the entire housing stock is in perfect condition, which indicates the high prosperity of local residents.
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08. Religion is traditionally strong in the German countryside. Often there are such facade decorations with religious motifs. There are also two church choirs and several church farains in the village.
09. One of the most beautiful houses on the main village street.
10. The pink building on the left is the City Hall. At registration, I appreciated the first advantage of living in the countryside - no queues. I was probably the only visitor that morning and registration took 10 minutes, counting from the moment I entered the front door. The clerk was very nice and smiling. When registering, they asked for religion, probably for statistics. Said he was not religious.
12. Handwritten, not printed. It's cute isn't it?
14. I was pleased with the lanterns that have been preserved since the time when the lighting was gas lamps, as evidenced by the hood on the cap.
15. Sculpture with Jesus in the churchyard.
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17. The main street of the village is called Hauptstraße.
18. A few words about life in the village. As a rule, people who live in the German countryside are far from being poor. Most of the locals are sturdy middle class. Almost all villagers are homeowners, not tenants. A typical two-story house in this area costs between 200,000 and 400,000 euros. So judge for yourself the income of people living here. Despite this, people are very simple and drive the most ordinary cars, massively parked on the sides of the streets and in the courtyards of the village.
19. Another significant plus of living in the Village is parking. It is allowed everywhere, I have never seen a sign forbidding parking here. The cart can be thrown anywhere, the main thing is that the passage is not blocked.
20. People in the countryside do not differ at all from those in the city. This is not surprising, because average level life in the countryside is much higher than in the city. And the level of education in rural schools in southern Germany is higher than the level of schools in megacities such as Frankfurt, Berlin, Hamburg.
21. The fact that you are in the village is reminiscent of such buildings with a tractor and other agricultural machinery parked inside. agriculture only a few, perhaps 10 percent of the rural population, are involved. The rest lead a normal life, not different from the city.
22. While walking around the village, I checked out local chicks :)
23. And the chicks did not take their eyes off the fraer with a fotik in their hands - a type of passer-by unseen in these parts.
24. The monotony of the local landscape is diluted by a small stream flowing through the entire village. There is a walking path along it, but I won’t say that it is at least somewhat picturesque.
25. At first I thought that the building belongs to the village fire department. But it turned out that this a private house. The owner is most likely just a lover of old technology and bought himself a decommissioned fire truck, putting it in the yard for decoration.
26. As elsewhere in Germany, no matter how expensive and luxurious the mansion is, the fences here have only a decorative function, and are often simply absent. A high fence in this country is considered a manifestation of the greed and secrecy of the owner.
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28. There are no less cyclists here than in cities. This is not surprising, because the infrastructure for this type of transport is just perfect here. If I stay in these places for a long time, I will buy a bike for myself.
29. There is nothing else to see in the village, so let's take a look at the territory adjacent to the village.
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42. Village cemetery. This is a new cemetery, the earliest burials date back to the 90s of the last century. I walked around the cemetery, paying attention to the dates on the tombstones. All the people buried here lived from 70 to 90 years, which perfectly illustrates the standard of living in these parts.
43. It's summer outside and the whole village is immersed in greenery. From the hill you can only see the bell tower of the church and a few roofs - everything else is hidden by dense foliage.
44. I return home. This is the street where I live. It is very small - only a dozen two-story houses.
45. And this is my house. He belongs local resident, who lives on the first floor, and rents out four rooms on the second floor to tenants. Markus is a blacksmith, he makes various jewelry and wedding rings from gold and silver and sells them. This is how he makes a living, and renting out rooms also brings him a good income. He is very sweet and friendly, we are all with him on "you", in general, the atmosphere in the house is very homely and cozy. Three of the four rooms have access to one common balcony, which stretches along the entire floor. My window is the center one.
46. Let's go inside. This is the second floor - the territory of the tenants. A guy from Berlin lives right behind the glass door, he gets a working profession at the same enterprise where I write my thesis. He almost never leaves his room, he doesn't cook in the kitchen, and I rarely see him. To the left of the Bob Marley poster is the entrance to another roommate of mine. He graduated from the university in economic informatics and is currently working at the university temporarily. He rarely leaves the room, and he never cooks either. On weekends, a girl comes to him and they sit together all weekend in the room and barbecue on the balcony. Both guys are friendly, but they don’t strive for any kind of contact beyond standard politeness. To the left of the spiral staircase to the attic is the entrance to my room and opposite it to the neighbor's room. I was lucky with a neighbor, a very sociable and sociable girl who, when she hears what I am cooking in the kitchen, always comes out to sit next to me and tell how her day went. She is very open, as for a German, so we usually chat about everything in the world. Natalie is a student, she studied for two and a half years as a lawyer, then she realized that she had made a mistake in her specialty and from this semester she transferred to logistics. Despite the fact that her parents are wealthy people and her dad drives a Jaguar, she receives only 150 euros a month from them, which she does not even have to pay for renting a room, so she has to work in parallel with her studies.
47. This is how the kitchen looks, modest but cozy. True, we cook, that is, I cook (I haven’t seen anyone else cook anything other than pizza in the microwave in two weeks) downstairs in Marcus’s kitchen, because there is no electric stove on the second floor and there is also no sink for washing dishes .
48. Well, the holy of holies is my cozy lair :) There is everything a person needs for full life. Heating works even in summer, checked. Fast W-LAN, access to the balcony. There is even a leather armchair with a footstool for complete relaxation on the balcony. True, in almost two weeks that I live here, I have never used it yet.
49. Thanks large area glazing, the room is very bright, and at night you can close the blackout curtains and it becomes very cozy. All this costs me 250 euros a month, including electricity, heating, water and internet, but from September the price rises to 270.
50. And finally, a balcony. He is one of three of us. A great place to relax, but on weekdays I come home in the evening, and on weekends I am not at home, so the balcony is a nice option, but useless in my situation.
51. This is how we live in this small but comfortable village.
I have already listed the advantages of living in the countryside: this is the absence of queues, problems with parking, beautiful nature a hundred meters from the house. The road to work without traffic jams among picturesque landscapes. But there are, of course, downsides. For example, today I had to send a letter, and the post office is open only three hours a day from 9 to 12, and on some days additionally from 13 to 16. That is, it is problematic for a working person to send a letter. I had to go to the neighboring city of Lahr to buy there postage stamp in the automatic. There are only two stores here: "Edeka", which has simply cosmic prices and "Penny", located outside the village near federal highway. Again, you need to go shopping to neighboring cities. All doctors, government agencies are also in cities. Fortunately, they are only 10-15 minutes away by car. This is less than driving from any area on the outskirts of Dresden to the center.
If you have a car, all these problems cease to exist, but life without a personal car will be a little more complicated here, since the bus to the city runs once an hour, and even less often on weekends.
That's basically all I wanted to tell you about the German village. If you have questions, feel free to write in the comments. I will try to satisfy your curiosity.
A person who has never been to Germany, once in a modern German village, will not immediately realize that this is a village. In fact, what is a village with us? Dirty streets, rickety fences, dilapidated houses, vegetable gardens…
There is nothing of the kind here. There are no dirty streets - you won’t see dirt here at all, asphalt and tiles are everywhere. There are no fences, neither lopsided nor straight, there are no fences at all! There is no mention of dilapidated houses at all. And no gardens! AT best case lawn next to the house.
What is a German village?
Germany is located in the northern part of Europe. This is one of her most densely populated countries. There is little land, but many people. And all of it (the earth) is divided into sections - shreds. There is no undeveloped land here at all.
The climate, unlike, is quite severe, by European standards. Therefore, people here live in communities, in groups. In this sense, German villages are indeed villages. That is, in clusters of houses, in contrast to Italy, where, mostly in the countryside, houses stand in splendid isolation.
At the same time, the modern German village looks more like small city. It has shops, pharmacies, schools and other benefits of civilized city life. Well, except for the very small ones. This is what the German village looks like in the photo.
The old German village, and there are a lot of them, given that people have lived here since time immemorial, is a few streets. Sometimes it has an area. And the churches are local catholic churches- in almost every village.
german farmhouse
Accordingly, there are many very old houses. Such houses cannot be dismantled and rebuilt. You can only patch and reconstruct. How else can a traditional German house be preserved?
A country house in Germany almost always has two floors. Its architecture is unmistakable. This is a frame house, the beams and braces of which are visible from the outside. In general, half-timbered, translated from German means “cellular contraption”. Because of this, the facades of German houses in the photo look very beautiful and peculiar.
In the old days, the space between these cells was filled with anything: clay, stone, garbage. Now, of course, modern Construction Materials for filling cells and insulation.
Houses are sometimes faced with tiles or bricks. Rarely, but it happens that the entire first floor is made of brick. It is more expensive than the frame construction method. The Germans are very thrifty people, and therefore their houses do not differ in the elegance of forms and variety of projects.
This is almost always rectangular box with an uncomplicated gable roof. Again for reasons of economy. The roofs of old houses are tiled. Therefore, from above such a village orange color. The second or third floor is often made into an attic.
A house in a countryside in Germany is not very cheap. Its price is usually from 200 to 400 thousand euros. But, of course, they are much more expensive. Therefore, it cannot be said that the owner of German real estate in the countryside is poor, quite the contrary. Apartments in the city are much cheaper.
There are no fences around the houses. There are sometimes small ones, and even those perform a rather decorative function. Sometimes a lawn is arranged next to the houses, and most often everything around the house is tiled. And the street is completely paved.
Despite the fact that the villagers are not poor in general, they do not flaunt their wealth. Near the houses are ordinary small cars. Life in the village of an ordinary burgher in years proceeds calmly and measuredly.
With entertainment in the villages a bit tight. Therefore, young people, of course, tend to the city. After seven in the evening, life generally calms down. And where do these people work, not on a tractor? Why, some and on a tractor, ten percent of the inhabitants.
The rest go to work in the city. Thankfully the roads are very good. And the nearest town is usually about ten to twenty minutes away. Here is such a story about a modern German village.
