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Please enable JavaScript in your browser to see Disqus comments.Transcription of Japanese words - furigana, romaji and pitch
Japanese phonetics it could seem easy for beginners study Japanese. There are only 5 vowels in Japanese, Japanese consonants do not differ much from Russian ones. However, there is something about the Japanese language that causes difficulty for almost all students. It... pitch accent! What it is?
Pitch stress means that the vowels in Japanese words ah pronounced with different pitches(high and low tone). To better understand this phenomenon, let's compare Japanese with Russian. In Russian, stress is forceful - stressed vowels are pronounced louder unstressed. In some cases, the position of the stress changes the meaning of the word. Compare:
- There was a beautiful castle on the hill.
- He put a big padlock on the door.
If a foreigner starting to learn Russian utters one of these phrases, putting the stress in the wrong place, the interlocutor will, of course, understand him, but will chuckle. The same phenomenon exists in Japanese, where pitch accent helps to distinguish words, which look the same when written canoe(Japanese alphabet). If a person speaks Japanese with the correct pitch accent in words, then his speech sounds natural and is much easier to understand.
Now I would like to talk about various types phonetic transcription in Japanese. There are several ways to record how Japanese words are pronounced, namely:
- romaji- writing Japanese words in Latin letters,
- furigana is a small kana printed next to kanji (Japanese characters),
- international phonetic alphabet(MFA),
- Polivanov system- writing Japanese words in Cyrillic.
For example, phonetic transcription Japanese word 発音 (pronunciation):
- hatsuon (romaji),
- 発音 (はつおん) (furigana next to kanji),
- (international phonetic alphabet),
- Hatsuon (Polivanov system).
Let's now return to the question of why pitch is so difficult to learn. I believe that the main problem is not that the pitch is difficult to reproduce for Japanese beginners. The problem is that pitch stress is very often not marked in any way in Japanese dictionaries and textbooks. And as a result, most students (and sometimes even their teachers) consider this aspect of the Japanese language unimportant. When you start learning Japanese, you are warned in the first chapter of the textbook that Japanese has pitch accents, so if you want your speech to sound right, listen to the audio recordings and repeat. And most of the time, that's where the discussion ends! In my opinion, this is a very superficial approach!
Unlike some other pitch-accent languages (such as Chinese), it is rare in Japanese that the position of the accent in a word completely changes its meaning. If a person speaking Japanese puts the stress in the wrong place, they are understood (often with with great difficulty). The average student concludes: "If I am understood, then why learn these accents?" But not everything is so simple. Compare the following three phrases (colors indicate high and low tones):
- 端を見る ha shi o mi ↧ ru – to see the end,
- 箸を見る ha ↧ shi o mi ↧ ru – to see Food sticks,
- 橋を見る ha shi ↧ o mi ↧ ru – to see bridge.
I hope this online translator Japanese text(hieroglyphs + kana) into transcription help change the situation. He highlights different colors syllables that are pronounced in a low or high tone.
A special option emphasizes the reduced vowels /i/ and /u/. In these cases, the reduced syllable will be replaced by a circled katakana. For example: 惑星わ㋗せい. Given that the circled ピ and プ do not exist, they will be replaced by ㋪° and ㋫°, respectively.
An additional option highlights the nasalization of the consonant [ɡ]. In these cases, the normal dakuten badge (for voicing) will be replaced with a handakuten badge. For example: 資源 し ↧ け°ん .
To create a translator, I used a morphological analyzer for the Japanese language MeCab, NAIST Japanese Dictionary and a CSS file to support furigana. I took information about pitch stress in Japanese words from the following dictionaries:
- Modern Japanese-Russian Dictionary, B.P. Lavrentiev.
Color highlighting common Japanese words
The online tool on this page allows you to highlight different colors Japanese words you need to know JLPT Japanese Proficiency Exam :
| N5 | N4 | N3 | N2 | N1 |
This way you can quickly find the Japanese words you need to learn to prepare for right level JLPT.
Maximum text length (number of characters):
- unregistered users - 50,
- language pack "frequent user" - 10,000,
- language pack "polyglot" - 10,000.
Note: To correctly display Japanese text (kanji, hiragana, katakana, furigana) use latest version your internet browser and select the Unicode (UTF-8) encoding to display this page. This translator is available only online and cannot be downloaded to your computer.
Romaji and Pitch in Japanese - Online Resources
Updates to this word to transcription translator
Big update of the translator of Japanese characters into transcription
Within a few recent weeks We have been hard at work improving the Japanese word to transcription translator. Here is a list of the most important updates: Significantly improved the quality of the translation of hieroglyphs into transcription. Now the tonal stress is marked in ...
Well, when you come to the country, you can freely communicate with local residents on their mother tongue- this is perfect option. But far from everyone and not always have such knowledge, and although I believe that just memorizing individual phrases, without general knowledge languages will not lead to mutual understanding with the locals, perhaps some phrases may still be useful.
I know from my own experience that a foreigner's attempt at least common phrases such as good morning, thank you, goodbye, say on local language, always causes a good response.
In order not to read everything written on the screen, if you need these hint words for a trip to Japan or to communicate with Japanese friends download them for yourself for free, print and use. On this page the words are published in part, as good example what you see in the electronic version.
And more for correct pronunciation words, it is better to read a couple of articles, since in Japanese there are such concepts as reduction - reduction, and as a result, words are not pronounced as they are written. This is especially true for words with the ending - です - desu, します - shimasu, in fact, the sound "u" is not pronounced.
Useful words and expressions of the Japanese language.
Greetings:
ohayo gozaimasu - good morning!
konnichiva - hello (good afternoon)!
konbanwa - good evening!
hajimemaschi - nice to meet you
douzo yoroshiku - nice to meet you
o-yasumi nasai - good night
sayunara - goodbye!
Polite formulas:
namae-o oshiete kudasai - what is your name?
then moishimasu - my name is ...
sumimasen - sorry
o-genki des ka - how are you?
genki des - thanks, good
ie - no
arigatou - thank you
doumo arigatou godzaimas - thank you very much
douitashimashite - not worth a thank you
onegai ... - please (at an informal request) ...
douzo - please (when invited) ...
kekkou desu - no thanks
chetto matte kudasai - please wait
shitsurei shimashita - sorry (for disturbing)
itadakimasu - bon appetit
gochisou-sama deshita... - thanks for the treat
Expression of basic needs:
onaka-ga bitch - I'm hungry
nodo-ga kawaku - I'm thirsty
koohi-o kudasai - give me a cup of coffee, please
tsukareta - I'm tired
nemuy des - I want to sleep
o-tearai-wa dochira desu ka - where is the toilet?
Doko desu ka - where is...
are-o misete kudasai - please show me this...
Communication in stereotypical situations:
douschitan des ka - what happened?
daijoubu desu ka - are you all right?
daijoubu desu - it's all right
ikura desu ka - how much does it cost?
dochira no go shushshchin desu ka - where did you (arrive)?
Sagashite imas - I'm looking for...
michi-ni mayoimashita - I got lost (in the city)
koko-wa doko desu ka - where am I?
eki-wa doko desu ka - where is the train station?
basutei-wa doko desu ka - where is the bus stop?
Ginza-wa dochi desu ka - how to get to Ginza?
nihongo-ga wakarimasen - I don't understand Japanese
wakarimasu ka - do you understand?
wakarimasen - I don't understand
shchite imas - I know
shirimasen - I don't know
kore-wa nan desu ka - what is it (is)?
kore-o kudasai - I'll buy it...
eigo-o hanasemas ka - do you speak English?
roschiago de hanasemasu ka - do you speak Russian?
eigo no dekiru hito imasu ka - does anyone here speak English?
nihongo-de nanto iimasu ka - how would it be in Japanese?
eigo-de nanto iimasu ka - how would it be in English?
grovesyago de nanto iimasu ka - how would it be in Russian?
mou ichi do itte kudasai - please say it again
yukkuri hanashite kudasai - please speak more slowly
E itte kudasai - please take me to... (in a taxi)
Made ikura desu ka - how much will it cost to travel to...
aishiteru - I love you
kibun-ga warui - I feel bad
Questions:
Dare? - who?
nani? - what?
daughters? - which the?
dore? -which?
itsu? -when?
nanji desuka? - what time is it now?
doko? - where?
naze - why?
The basic formulas of a telephone conversation:
power-power - hello!
Tanaka-san-wa imasu ka - May I have Mr. Tanaka?
donata desu ka - tell me, please, who is on the phone?
Ivanov desu - Ivanov on the phone
rusu desu - he is not at home
gaishyutsu shieldeimasu - he left the office
denwashimasu - I'll call you
bangouchigai desu - you dialed the wrong number
Main health complaints:
onaka-ga itai - my stomach hurts
kaze-o hiita - I caught a cold
kega-o shield - I hurt myself
samuke-ga suru - makes me shiver
netsu-ga aru - I have a high fever
nodo-ga itai - my throat hurts
kouketsuatsu - my blood pressure has risen
kossetsu - I have a fracture
haita - my tooth hurts
shinzoubyou - my heart worries
zutsuu - my head hurts
haien - I have pneumonia
Mochewen - I'm having an appendicitis attack
yakedo - I have a burn
hanazumari - I have a runny nose
gary - i have diarrhea
arerugia - I'm allergic
Most used nouns:
juusho - address
kuukou airport
ginkou bank
yakkyoku - pharmacy
beuin - hospital
okane - money
bangou - number
keisatsu - police
yuubinkyoku post office
jinja - shinto shrine
otera - buddhist temple
eki - station
denwa - phone
kippu - ticket
denschya - electric train
sakana - fish
yasai - vegetables
kumono - fruits
niku - meat
mizu - water
fuyu - winter
haru - spring
natsu - summer
aki - autumn
ame - rain
Most used verbs:
kau - to buy
dekiru - to be able
kuru - to come
nomu - to drink
taberu - to eat
iku - to go
uru - to sell
hanasu - to talk
tomaru - rent (a hotel room)
wakaru - to understand
aruku - to walk
kaku - write
Pronouns:
vataschi - me
watashitachi - we
anata - you, you
kare - he
kanojo - she
karera - they
Most used adjectives:
ii - good
warui - bad
ookii - big
chiisai - small
You can also get acquainted with the phonetics of the Japanese language, learn the pronunciation of adverbs, colors, numerals, indicate directions, see the spelling of useful hieroglyphs denoting the days of the week, month, announcements and signs, the names of cities and regions, you can download a Japanese phrasebook for free. I would be glad if he will help you navigate when visiting Japan. Additionally, I recommend reading an article about in Japanese and about
To get a Russian-Japanese phrasebook, you need to subscribe to receive an electronic version of the phrasebook located in the sidebar of the blog.
A brief Japanese phrase book is presented to your attention, if you need everyday, frequently used words and phrases in Japanese, then go ahead!
greetings
Ohayo gozaimasu (Ohayou gozaimasu) - "Good morning".
This is a rather polite good morning wish.
It is worth recalling that "at" don't pronounce in Japanese after voiceless consonants. So they pronounce it "Ohae gozaimas".
Ohayo (Ohayou)- is not formal version, can be used among friends and youth.
Ossu- a very informal and very masculine version (pronounced as "oss"). It is strongly advised not to use masculine pronunciation for girls.
Konnitiva (Konnichiwa)- “Good afternoon”, “Hello”, “Hello”. Probably one of the most famous Japanese words.
Ahho! (Yahhoo)- an informal version of the word "hello".
Ooh! (Ooi)- also an informal version of "Hello", used by men. Often to attract attention at a great distance.
Yo! (Yo!)- an exclusively informal male version of the same greeting.
Gokigenyo (Gokigenyou)- quite rare and very polite female greeting, can be translated as "Hello".
Kombanwa- "Good evening".
Hisashiburi desu- "Long time no see". Pronounced like "hisashiburi des". The female informal option would be - Hisashiburi ne? (Hisashiburi ne?), male Hisashiburi da naa… (Hisashiburi da naa) .
Mosi-mosi (Moshi-moshi)- used when answering a phone call as "hello".
goodbyes
Sayonara- the usual version of "Farewell" if there is little chance of a new meeting.
Saraba- an informal version of the "bye" type.
Mata asita (Mata ashita)- the usual option "see you tomorrow." Female - Mata ne (Mata ne), male - Mata naa.
Jaa, mata (Jaa, mata)- "See you". A very commonly used informal variant.
Jaa- a very informal option, often used by girlfriends.
De wa (De wa)- a little more formal than "Jaa (Jaa)".
Oyasumi nasai (Oyasumi nasai) – “Goodnight". Somewhat formal option, informal will be just - Oyasumi.
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Answers
Hai - "Yes". Universal standard answer. Often it can mean anything, but not consent, but, for example, only - “continue”, “I understand”, “yeah”.
haa (haa)- “Yes, sir”, “I obey, sir.” This is a very formal expression.
ee (ee)- "Yes". Not very formal.
Ryokai- "Yes sir". military response.
Ie (Ie)- "Not". Standard polite expression. Also used as a polite form of declining a thank you or a compliment.
Nai- "Not". Used to indicate the absence or non-existence of something.
Betsu ni- "Nothing".
Naruhodo (Naruhodo)– “Of course”, “of course”.
Motiron (Mochiron)- "Naturally!" Expression of confidence.
Yahari- "I thought so".
Yappari- too, but not so formally.
Maa… (Maa)- "Maybe…"
Saa ... (Saa)- "Well…". Use when it is difficult to agree and doubt.
Honto desu ka? (Hontou desu ka?)- "Is it really true?"
Honto? (Hontou?)- Less formal.
So desu ka? (Sou desu ka?)- The formal form of the phrase "Wow ...". informal - So what? (Souka?) can be pronounced as "Su ka!"
So desu nee ... (Sou desu nee)- "That's how ..." Formal option.
So da na… (Sou da naa)- Male version.
So nee ... (Sou nee)- Women's version.
Masaka! (masaka)- "It can not be!"
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Requests
Onegai Shimasu (Onegai Shimasu)“Very polite form of request. Especially often used in requests like “do something for me”.
Onegai (Onegai)“A less polite and much more common request.
- kudasai – Polite form. Added as a suffix to a verb.
- kudasaimasen ka? (kudasaimasenka)- A more polite form. Also added as a suffix to the verb. It can be translated as "Could you do something for me?".
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Thanks
Domo (Doumo)“Thank you” is used in response to everyday little help. For example, when they let you go ahead or filed something.
Arigato gozaimasu (Arigatou gozaimasu)– A polite and formal form, the expression is usually pronounced as “Arigato gozaimas“.
Arigato (Arigatou)— Less formal polite form.
Domo arigatou- "Thanks a lot".
Domo arigato gozaimasu (Doumo arigatou gozaimasu)– A very polite and very formal expression of gratitude.
Osewa ni narimashita (Osewa ni narimashita)“I am in your debt.” Very polite and formal. Informally they say Osewa ni natta (Osewa ni natta).
Ie (Iie)- "My pleasure". informal form. Polite option - Dou itashimashite.
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Apologies
Gomen nasai- “I'm sorry”, “I'm sorry”, “I'm sorry”. A very polite form. Expresses regret for some reason, say, if someone has to be disturbed. Often not an apology for a major misconduct (unlike sumimasen).
Gomen– Informal form of the same.
Sumimasen (Sumimasen)- "I apologize". Polite form. An apology for committing a significant misconduct.
Sumanai / Suman (Sumanai / Suman)– Not very polite, male version.
Shitsurei shimasu (Shitsurei shimasu)- "I apologize". Very polite formal. Used, say, as "sorry to bother" when entering a superior's office.
Shitsurei (Shitsurei)- too, but less formally.
Moshiwake arimasen (Moushiwake arimasen)“I have no forgiveness.” A very polite and formal uniform, more commonly used in the military and in business.
Moushiwake nai- not so formal.
Dozo (Douzo)- "I beg". short form, an offer to enter, take a thing, and so on. The answer is what we already know "Domo".
Totto… (Chotto)- "No worries". Polite form of refusal. For example, if you are offered coffee.
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Household phrases
Itte kimasu (Itte kimasu)- Literally can be translated as "I left, but I'm going to return." Use when leaving home for work or school.
Chotto itte kuru- Not a formal form, something like - "I'll go out for a minute."
Itte irashai (Itte irashai)"Come back soon." In response to " Itte kimasu (Itte kimasu)."
Tadaima (Tadaima)- "I'm back" or "I'm at home." It is also used as a spiritual return home.
Okaeri nasai (Okaeri nasai)– “Welcome home”, in response to "Tadaima" . Okaeri (Okaeri)- not a formal option.
Itadakimasu (Itadakimasu)- pronounced before eating. Literally, “I accept [this food].” Often they fold their hands as in prayer.
Gotisosama deshita (Gochisousama deshita)“Thank you, it was delicious.” At the end of a meal. Another variant - Gotisosama (Gochisousama)
Everyday phrases in Japanese:
Everyday and necessary phrases
Kawaii! (kawaii)- “Wow!”, “How cute!”, “What a charm!” . Often used in relation to children, girls, and also very handsome guys. This word has a strong meaning “a manifestation of weakness, femininity, passivity (in the sexual sense of the word)”.
Sugoi! (Sugoi)– “Cool” or “Cool/cool!” In relation to people, it is used to denote masculinity.
Kakkoii! (Kakkoii!)– “Cool, beautiful, awesome!”
Suteki! (Suteki!)- “Beautiful, charming, delicious!”, pronounced as “Stacks!”.
Hida! (Hidoi!)- "Evil!", "Bad".
Forge! (Kowai)- "Scary!" . With an expression of fear.
Matte! (matte)– “Wait!”, “Stop!”
Abunai! (Abunai)- warning - "Danger!" or “Watch out!”
SOS phrases in Japanese:
Tasukete! (Tasukete)– “Help!”, “Help!” - Pronounced as "Taskate!".
Yamero!/Yamete! (Yamero/Yamete)– “Stop!”, “Stop!” or "Stop!"
Dame! (dame)- "No, don't do it!"
Hanase! (hanase)– “Let go!”
Hentai! (hentai)- "Pervert!"
Urusai! (Urusai)- "Shut up!"
Usos! (uso)- “Lies!”, “You're lying!”
Everyone good day and Have a good mood! We replenish our vocabulary, yes, probably today I will write about the rules for pronunciation of the sounds of the Japanese alphabet, and then we will continue to learn Japanese words that are often found in everyday speech. If you are already familiar with the alphabet and a, then you noticed that the whole phonetic system based on five vowels:
- あ - A
- い - And
- う - Wu
- え - E
- お - Oh
the remaining syllables are formed on their basis, for example:
- か(ka) き(ki) く(ku) け(ke) こ(ko)
- さ(sa) し(shi) す(su) せ(se) そ(so)
- た(ta) ち(chi) つ(tsu)て(te) と(that) and so on
except for ん (n), which itself is a sea-forming sound. When studying the Japanese language, such a concept as a mora (measure) is used - a unit of longitude of sound. This tact is very important to observe, since the use of a long or short sound the meaning of the word ゆき (yuki) - snow, ゆうき (yūki or yu:ki) - courage, courage changes.
- On the vowels of the first row "あ い う え お" and the row "や ゆ よ " I won’t stop, because there are no differences with Russian pronunciation, with the exception of う - y, when pronouncing, the lips do not stretch, as in Russian sounding, and therefore the sound is similar to the middle sound between “y” and “y”.
- Always remember about the length of the sound, if it is written あ "a" this is one mora, if ああ, then two mora, or a syllable ending in "a" - かあ - 2 mora - kaa. General rule when a vowel is lengthened: to a hiragana sign from a certain number the same vowel is added that ends the syllable, for example, to a sign from the series あ (か- ka さ- sa た - that な - on は - ha ま - ma ら - ra) あ is added. For example: おば さん (obasan) is an aunt and おばあ さん (obāsan) is a grandmother. To the sign from the row い (き- ki し-shi ち-chi に-ni ひ-hi み-mi り-ri) is added い. For example: おじさん (ojisan) is uncle and おじいさん (ojii-san) is grandfather. And so with all sound series. In writing, a long character is written in two ways: ゆうき (yū ki or yu: ki), in katakana, a long sound is written with the character "ー"
- The reduction of the vowels "y" and "and" occurs when they stand between voiceless consonants, the sound "u" "i" is practically not heard during pronunciation. In the word すき (suki, u- reduced -ski), beloved. The vowel "u" in the final syllables ます and です at the end of a sentence is also reduced.
- The sound range や ゆ よ is combined with the signs き, ぎ, し, じ, ち, に, ひ, び, ぴ, み, り. This combination of two characters gives one mora, that is, one sound, きゃ きゅ きょ for example: ひや く( hi ya ku), jump and ひゃ く (hya ku), one hundred.
- In the kana alphabet, there is a special character sokuon っ (in katakana ッ), which is a shortened version of the character つ (in katakana ツ). The sign っ is used before a row か さ た ぱ , in this case, the sound following the sign is doubled and read as a separate mora, i.e. how many signs, so many sounds, for example: きって (kitte) - brand. In katakana, in foreign (loan) words, the sign ッ occurs before any consonants.
- Reading the sound ん (n). I heard many variants on this topic, the first is that there is no letter m in the Japanese alphabet, there is only the sound range ma-mi-mu-me-mo, so the pronunciation of ん in other languages as “m” occurs only as a result of transcription of the language and accordingly, the pronunciation of the sound is incorrect. But when the Japanese themselves explain in what cases ん is pronounced like “m”, it remains only to learn. ん - one mora, never used at the beginning of a word, its sound depends on the sign that follows it and can be n m ŋ.
- Sound n pronounced before syllables rowた だ ら な, for example: みんな (minna) - all
- Sound m pronounced before syllables rowば ぱ and ま, for example えん ぴ つ (em̩pit͡su) - pencil
- Sound ŋ pronounced before syllables row か が , for example てん き (teŋki) - weather
With the rules for pronouncing the sounds of Japanese alphabets, that’s all for today, the table below shows the words of the Japanese language (a very small part) used in everyday speech.
| Hiragana | Romaji | Russian |
|---|---|---|
| いいですか。 | ii desu ka? | Can? |
| ...はい、いいです | hai, ii desu | Yes, you can |
| いいえ、だめです | iīe, dame desu | No |
| いいです。 | ii desu | Good |
| だめです。 | lady desu | not good / not right |
| なまえ | namáe | Name |
| おなまえは | o nàmáe wa? | What is your name |
| つぎ | tsugi | Next |
| ともだち かのじょ | tomodachi kanojo | Friend Friend |
| みてください | mitekudasai | Look please |
| もう いちど | mō ichido | Again please |
| わかりますか | wakarimasu ka? | Clear? |
| はい、わかります | hai wakarimasu | Yes it is clear |
| いいえ、わかりません | iīe wakarimasen | No, it's not clear |
| ちがいます | chigaimasu | Wrong |
| ことば | kotoba | Word |
| かいわ | kaiwa | Dialogue, conversation |
| あなた | anata | You you |
| あのひと あのかた | ano hito ano kata | He she He, she (polite form) |
| なんさい おいくつですか | nansai? o-ikutsu desu ka? | How many years? How many years? (politely) |
| ～ご ほんご ロシアご | go nihongo rosiago | Language Japanese Russian language |
| ほん | hon | Book |
| そうですか ほんとう | sō desu ka? honto? | Really? (simplified) Truth? |
| また | mata | Again, again |
| もうすこし | mōsukoshi | Some more |
| ゆっくり | yukkuri | Slowly |
| どういたしまして | dō itashimashite | My pleasure |
| ただいま | tadaima | I have just returned home (I'm home) |
| おかえりなさい | okaerinasai | welcome home |
| すごい | sugoi | Excellent, amazing Great |
| ひさしぶり | hisashiburi | Long time no see |
| だいじょうぶですか だいじょうぶです | daijōbu desu ka? daijōbu desu | Everything is fine? Everything is fine |
Japanese words on various topics will be published gradually, under the rubric
